Compound medicament for improving cold resistance of hazel and preparation method thereof
By preparing a compound agent containing polyvinyl alcohol, abscisic acid, light calcium carbonate, superphosphate and potassium sulfate, the problem of poor cold resistance of hazelnuts is solved. It forms a protective film, regulates stress hormones, and supplements phosphorus and potassium elements, thereby significantly improving the cold resistance of hazelnuts and inhibiting shoot growth.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHANXI ACAD OF FORESTRY & GRASSLAND SCI
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-01
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-23
AI Technical Summary
Hazelnut trees are not very cold-resistant during their growth process and are prone to problems such as shoot dieback, which affects yield and quality, making it difficult to meet market demand.
A composite agent was prepared using polyvinyl alcohol, abscisic acid, light calcium carbonate, superphosphate, potassium sulfate, and ethanol. This agent forms a protective film, regulates the level of anti-stress hormones, supplements phosphorus and potassium, and enhances cell wall structural stability and enzyme activity.
It significantly improves the cold resistance of hazelnuts, reduces moisture loss, prevents frost damage, inhibits shoot growth, and increases hazelnut yield and quality.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of cold-resistant protective agents, and particularly relates to a compound agent for improving the cold resistance of hazelnuts and its preparation method. Background Technology
[0002] Hazelnut is an important nut-bearing tree species, a small tree with clustered trunks, separate male and female flowers, and spherical or oval nuts, wholly or mostly enclosed in bracts. Hazelnuts have a good taste and are rich in nutrients, and can be used in the confectionery, pharmaceutical, and spice manufacturing industries. Preparations extracted from hazelnuts have anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, and vasodilatory effects, and can be used to treat hypertension, arteriosclerosis, liver and kidney diseases. Hazelnut oil is light yellow and is an excellent edible and industrial oil. Oilseed meal can be used as animal feed and fertilizer. The shells, bracts, and leaves contain tannins and can be used to make tannins. In addition, hazelnut leaves, bark, and kernels also contain the anticancer drug paclitaxel.
[0003] Currently, my country's hazelnut production is small, with only provinces like Liaoning and Heilongjiang having some scale of cultivation, far from meeting domestic demand. Furthermore, international demand for hazelnuts is also significant, with countries like Japan, South Korea, and Southeast Asian nations importing large quantities. Therefore, the hazelnut industry has a promising market prospect.
[0004] Under moderately fertile soil conditions, hazelnut trees typically begin bearing fruit at age 3; 7-9 year old trees can yield 1-2 kg per tree, with a yield of 80-140 kg per mu (approximately 0.16 acres). 10-20 year old trees in their peak fruiting period can yield 140-220 kg per mu. Hazelnuts have extensive horizontal roots, which play a significant role in soil and water conservation, providing excellent ecological benefits. Developing the hazelnut industry can yield both economic and ecological benefits. However, with the continuous expansion of hazelnut cultivation, problems such as weak cold resistance and susceptibility to shoot dieback have become increasingly apparent. These problems not only significantly impact hazelnut yield, making it difficult to achieve the expected high yield, but also severely affect hazelnut quality, resulting in fruit quality that fails to meet market demand. These issues have become major constraints on the wider promotion of hazelnut cultivation techniques, posing a serious challenge to the development of the hazelnut industry. Therefore, solving the problems of poor cold resistance and shoot dieback in hazelnuts is crucial for improving hazelnut yield and quality and promoting the widespread adoption of hazelnut cultivation. Summary of the Invention
[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a compound agent for improving the cold resistance of hazelnuts and its preparation method.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides a compound agent for improving the cold resistance of hazelnuts, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts polyvinyl alcohol, 1 part abscisic acid, 10 parts light calcium carbonate, 5 parts superphosphate, 5 parts potassium sulfate, 80-90 parts ethanol, and 800-900 parts water.
[0007] Furthermore, the polyvinyl alcohol is polyvinyl alcohol powder; the particle size of the polyvinyl alcohol powder is 80~120 mesh.
[0008] This invention provides a method for preparing the compound agent for improving the cold resistance of hazelnuts as described in the above-mentioned technical solution, comprising the following steps: Abscisic acid and ethanol are mixed to obtain abscisic acid mother liquor; Water was added to the abscisic acid mother liquor, followed by superphosphate and potassium sulfate in sequence, and the mixture was stirred until homogeneous to obtain a mixed solution. Polyvinyl alcohol was added to the mixture and stirred under water bath conditions. Then, light calcium carbonate was added and stirring continued. After sonication and filtration, the compound agent for improving the cold resistance of hazelnuts was obtained.
[0009] Furthermore, the stirring temperature under the water bath condition is 60~70℃, the stirring speed is 300r / min, and the stirring time is 5min.
[0010] Furthermore, the light calcium carbonate is added in small amounts multiple times.
[0011] Furthermore, the ultrasound power is 300W, the temperature is 40℃, and the time is 20min.
[0012] Furthermore, the filtration process involves passing the material through a 300-mesh filter.
[0013] The present invention also provides a method for using the compound agent for improving the cold resistance of hazelnuts as described in the above technical solution. 20 to 25 days before the arrival of low winter temperatures, on a sunny and windless morning from 9 to 11 am or afternoon from 3 to 5 pm, the compound agent for improving the cold resistance of hazelnuts as described in the above technical solution is evenly applied to the branches and buds of the hazelnut plant.
[0014] Furthermore, it also includes applying the compound agent that enhances the cold resistance of hazelnuts a second time, 15 to 20 days after the soil thaws and before the hazelnuts sprout.
[0015] Furthermore, if it rains within 6 hours after applying the compound agent that enhances the cold resistance of hazelnuts, it is necessary to reapply the agent after the rain stops and the branches are dry.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects: This invention utilizes polyvinyl alcohol, abscisic acid, light calcium carbonate, superphosphate, potassium sulfate, ethanol, and water to prepare a composite agent that enhances the cold resistance of hazelnuts. Polyvinyl alcohol and light calcium carbonate form a protective film to reduce moisture loss; abscisic acid regulates the level of stress-relief hormones in hazelnuts, enhancing the stability of cell wall structures; and superphosphate and potassium sulfate supplement phosphorus and potassium, increasing the activity of cold-resistance-related enzymes. The synergistic effect of these multiple components improves the cold resistance of hazelnuts. Detailed Implementation
[0017] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0018] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
[0019] This invention provides a compound agent for improving the cold resistance of hazelnuts, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts polyvinyl alcohol, 1 part abscisic acid, 10 parts light calcium carbonate, 5 parts superphosphate, 5 parts potassium sulfate, 80-90 parts ethanol, and 800-900 parts water. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), as a film-forming agent, forms a flexible and breathable protective film on the surface of hazelnut branches and leaves, effectively blocking cold winds from directly penetrating the stomata, reducing water loss from leaves in low-temperature and dry environments, and preventing cell damage due to water loss. Light calcium carbonate, as a functional filler, combines with PVA to form a more stable protective layer, filling the gaps in the PVA film, improving the film's wear resistance and durability, and also reflecting sunlight to alleviate tissue stress caused by excessive diurnal temperature differences in winter. Abscisic acid (ABA), as an endogenous plant stress hormone, regulates the level of stress-resistance hormones in hazelnuts and enhances the stability of cell wall structure. Superphosphate is used to supplement phosphorus, enhancing the activity of cold-resistance-related enzymes. Phospholipids are important structural substances of cell membranes, and sufficient phosphorus also helps repair membrane structures damaged by low temperatures. Potassium sulfate is used to supplement potassium, which is a cofactor for superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, etc., and can help eliminate reactive oxygen species generated by low-temperature stress. The combined effect of these components improves the cold resistance of hazelnuts.
[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the compound agent for improving the cold resistance of hazelnuts includes the following raw materials: 20g polyvinyl alcohol powder, 1g abscisic acid, 10g light calcium carbonate, 5g superphosphate, 5g potassium sulfate, 100mL ethanol and 900mL distilled water.
[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the polyvinyl alcohol is polyvinyl alcohol powder; the particle size of the polyvinyl alcohol powder is 80~120 mesh.
[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the water is distilled water; the ethanol has a mass concentration of 95%.
[0023] This invention provides a method for preparing the compound agent for improving the cold resistance of hazelnuts as described in the above-mentioned technical solution, comprising the following steps: Abscisic acid and ethanol are mixed to obtain abscisic acid mother liquor; Water was added to the abscisic acid mother liquor, followed by superphosphate and potassium sulfate in sequence, and the mixture was stirred until homogeneous to obtain a mixed solution. Polyvinyl alcohol was added to the mixture and stirred under water bath conditions. Then, light calcium carbonate was added and stirring continued. After sonication and filtration, the compound agent for improving the cold resistance of hazelnuts was obtained.
[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the temperature for stirring under the water bath condition is 60~70℃, the stirring speed is 300r / min, and the stirring time is 5min.
[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the light calcium carbonate is added in small, multiple batches. This invention adds the light calcium carbonate in small, multiple batches to ensure its most uniform distribution.
[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the ultrasonic power is 300W, the temperature is 40℃, and the duration is 20 minutes. This invention uses ultrasound to further refine the particles, which helps the agent adhere fully to the plant surface.
[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the filtration is performed through a 300-mesh filter. This invention removes any impurities that may be present by sieving.
[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the compound agent for improving the cold resistance of hazelnuts should be prepared and used immediately, and should be used up within 4 hours after preparation. Any unused agent should be sealed and stored in a refrigerated environment at 4°C for no more than 24 hours to prevent the active ingredients from decomposing and becoming ineffective.
[0029] This invention also provides a method for using the compound agent for improving the cold resistance of hazelnuts as described in the above-mentioned technical solution. 20-25 days before the onset of low winter temperatures, on a sunny, windless morning between 9-11 am or afternoon between 3-5 pm, the compound agent for improving the cold resistance of hazelnuts as described in the above-mentioned technical solution is evenly applied to the branches and buds of the hazelnut plant. After applying the compound agent, field management should be strengthened, weeds should be removed promptly, and the soil should be kept loose and well-aerated to ensure that the plants can properly absorb the nutrients in the agent.
[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the compound agent for enhancing the cold resistance of hazelnuts is applied a second time, 15-20 days after the soil thaws and before the hazelnuts sprout. This invention further consolidates the cold-resistant effect and enhances the hazelnuts' resistance to late spring frosts by applying the compound agent twice.
[0031] In a preferred embodiment, if it rains within 6 hours after applying the compound agent that enhances the cold resistance of hazelnuts, the agent should be reapplied after the rain stops and the branches are dry.
[0032] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials used in the embodiments of this invention were purchased through commercial channels.
[0033] Example 1 A compound agent for improving the cold resistance of hazelnuts is composed of the following raw materials: 20g polyvinyl alcohol powder, 1g abscisic acid, 10g light calcium carbonate, 5g superphosphate, 5g potassium sulfate, 100mL ethanol and 900mL distilled water; wherein the particle size of the polyvinyl alcohol powder is 80~120 mesh. The preparation method of the above-mentioned compound agent for improving the cold resistance of hazelnuts includes the following specific steps: (1) Place 1g of abscisic acid in a container, slowly add 100mL of 95% ethanol and stir to obtain abscisic acid mother liquor; (2) Slowly add 900 mL of distilled water to the abscisic acid mother liquor obtained in step (1) while stirring. Then add 5 g of superphosphate and 5 g of potassium sulfate in sequence and stir evenly to obtain a mixed solution. (3) Slowly add 20g of polyvinyl alcohol powder to the mixture obtained in step (2), and then place it in a 60℃ water bath and stir until completely dissolved. The stirring speed is controlled at 300r / min. After stirring for 5min, add 10g of light calcium carbonate in small amounts multiple times under continuous stirring. Then place it in an ultrasonic oscillator and ultrasonically treat it for 20min at a power of 300W and a temperature of 40℃. After that, cool the ultrasonically treated mixture to room temperature and filter it through a 300-mesh filter to obtain a composite agent that improves the cold resistance of hazelnuts.
[0034] Comparative Example 1 A compound agent to improve the cold resistance of hazelnuts, differing from Example 1 only in that polyvinyl alcohol powder is omitted, otherwise the same as Example 1.
[0035] Comparative Example 2 A compound agent to improve the cold resistance of hazelnuts, differing from Example 1 only in that light calcium carbonate is omitted, otherwise the same as Example 1.
[0036] Comparative Example 3 A compound agent for improving the cold resistance of hazelnuts is composed of the following raw materials: 20g polyvinyl alcohol powder, 1g abscisic acid, 10g light calcium carbonate, 100mL ethanol and 900mL distilled water; the preparation method of the compound agent is the same as in Example 1.
[0037] Comparative Example 4 A compound agent to improve the cold resistance of hazelnuts, which differs from Example 1 only in that abscisic acid is omitted, and is otherwise the same as Example 1.
[0038] Application Example 1 In City A, at the end of November, on a sunny and windless morning between 9 and 11 a.m., the compound agent for improving the cold resistance of hazelnuts prepared in Example 1 was evenly applied to the branches and buds of hazelnut plants (variety: Davy) at a dosage of 100-120g / plant. If it rained within 6 hours after applying the compound agent, it was necessary to wait until the rain stopped and the branches were dry before reapplying. After using the compound agent, field management should be strengthened, weeds should be removed in time, and the soil should be kept loose and well-aerated. In the spring of the following year, after the trees sprouted, the proportion of shoots, the length of shoots, and the diameter of shoots were investigated. A control group without the compound agent was also set up.
[0039] The results showed that, under the condition of consistent tree appearance, the shoot emergence rate of the compound agent prepared in Example 1 was 40.47%, while that of the control group was 62.5%. The average shoot emergence length of the compound agent prepared in Example 1 was 48.13 cm, while that of the control group was 71.6 cm. The average shoot emergence diameter of the compound agent prepared in Example 1 was 4.36 mm, while that of the control group was 7.54 mm. After applying the compound agent prepared in Example 1, the three indicators were reduced by 35.25%, 32.78%, and 42.18% respectively compared with the control group without the agent, indicating that the compound agent of the present invention can significantly improve the shoot emergence of hazelnuts.
[0040] Application Example 2 In County B, at the end of November of the first year and the beginning of March of the second year, on sunny, windless mornings between 9 and 11 a.m., the compound agent for improving the cold resistance of hazelnuts prepared in Example 1 was evenly applied to the branches and buds of hazelnut plants (variety: Davy) at a rate of 100-120 g / plant. If it rained within 6 hours after applying the compound agent, it was necessary to wait until the rain stopped and the branches were dry before reapplying. After using the compound agent, field management should be strengthened, weeds should be removed in a timely manner, and the soil should be kept loose and well-aerated. After the trees sprouted in the second year, the proportion of shoots, the length of shoots, and the diameter of shoots were investigated. A control group without the compound agent was also set up.
[0041] The results showed that, under the condition of consistent tree appearance, the shoot emergence rate of the compound agent prepared in Example 1 was 34.04%, while that of the control group was 60.5%; the average shoot emergence length of the compound agent prepared in Example 1 was 33.89 cm, while that of the control group was 56.6 cm; the average shoot emergence diameter of the compound agent prepared in Example 1 was 3.62 mm, while that of the control group was 7.05 mm; after applying the compound agent prepared in Example 1, the three indicators were reduced by 45.54%, 52.66%, and 51.98% respectively compared with the control group without the agent, indicating that the compound agent of the present invention can significantly improve the shoot emergence of hazelnuts.
[0042] Compare and contrast examples 1-4 In City A, at the end of November, on a sunny and windless morning between 9 and 11 a.m., the compound agent for improving the cold resistance of hazelnuts, prepared in proportions 1 to 4, was evenly applied to the branches and buds of hazelnut plants (variety: Davy) at a rate of 100-120g per plant. Water was used as a control group. If it rained within 6 hours after applying the compound agent, it was necessary to wait until the rain stopped and the branches were dry before reapplying. After using the compound agent, field management should be strengthened, weeds should be removed in time, and the soil should be kept loose and well-aerated. The following spring, after the trees sprouted, the proportion of shoots, the length of shoots, and the diameter of shoots were investigated.
[0043] Table 1 shows the shoot emergence patterns of application examples 1-4.
[0044] Table 1 As shown in Table 1, different compound treatments have a significant regulatory effect on the shoot growth of hazelnuts. Compared with the control group, the compound treatment of this invention can significantly reduce the proportion of shoots, shorten the length of new shoots, effectively inhibit excessive budding and excessive growth, reduce ineffective nutrient consumption, promote the distribution of tree nutrients towards the accumulation of cold-resistant substances, and is more conducive to the safe overwintering of hazelnuts.
[0045] Abscisic acid (ABA), as a plant induction factor, can induce hazelnuts to initiate cold resistance mechanisms, improve cell osmotic regulation and membrane stability. The absence of ABA will lead to a significant increase in the proportion of shoots that elongate. The compound agent lacking phosphorus and potassium nutrition has a secondary effect on inhibiting shoot elongation, but it is easy to cause weak new shoots and unbalanced growth. The compound agent lacking polyvinyl alcohol or light calcium carbonate has a significantly weaker shoot control effect than Example 1. This is because light calcium carbonate and polyvinyl alcohol can form a protective film on the plant surface, which plays a role in dispersion, adhesion and physical protection, reducing low temperature water loss and frost damage. Without light calcium carbonate and polyvinyl alcohol, a protective film cannot be formed.
[0046] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A compound agent for improving the cold resistance of hazelnuts, characterized in that, The raw materials include the following parts by weight: 20 parts polyvinyl alcohol, 1 part abscisic acid, 10 parts light calcium carbonate, 5 parts superphosphate, 5 parts potassium sulfate, 80-90 parts ethanol and 800-900 parts water.
2. The compound agent for improving the cold resistance of hazelnuts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polyvinyl alcohol is polyvinyl alcohol powder; the particle size of the polyvinyl alcohol powder is 80~120 mesh.
3. A method for preparing a compound agent for improving the cold resistance of hazelnuts as described in any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Abscisic acid and ethanol are mixed to obtain abscisic acid mother liquor; Water was added to the abscisic acid mother liquor, followed by superphosphate and potassium sulfate in sequence, and the mixture was stirred until homogeneous to obtain a mixed solution. Polyvinyl alcohol was added to the mixture and stirred under water bath conditions. Then, light calcium carbonate was added and stirring continued. After sonication and filtration, the compound agent for improving the cold resistance of hazelnuts was obtained.
4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The stirring conditions under the water bath are 60~70℃, 300r / min, and 5min.
5. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The light calcium carbonate is added in small amounts multiple times.
6. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ultrasound power was 300W, the temperature was 40℃, and the time was 20min.
7. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The filtration process involves passing the material through a 300-mesh filter.
8. A method of using the compound agent for improving the cold resistance of hazelnuts as described in any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, 20 to 25 days before the onset of winter low temperatures, on a sunny and windless morning between 9 and 11 a.m. or afternoon between 3 and 5 p.m., apply the compound agent for improving the cold resistance of hazelnuts as described in any one of claims 1 to 2 evenly to the branches and buds of the hazelnut plant.
9. The method of using the compound agent for improving the cold resistance of hazelnuts according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes applying the compound agent to enhance the cold resistance of hazelnuts a second time, 15 to 20 days after the soil thaws and before the hazelnuts sprout.
10. The method of using the compound agent for improving the cold resistance of hazelnuts according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, If it rains within 6 hours after applying the compound agent that enhances the cold resistance of hazelnuts, you should wait until the rain stops and the branches are dry before reapplying the agent.