Linear motor driven cradle five-axis machining center

Abstract

The application discloses a cradle five-axis machining center driven by a linear motor and relates to the technical field of machine tool machining equipment.The cradle five-axis machining center driven by the linear motor comprises a bottom plate, a linear feeding mechanism and a real-time dynamic balancing mechanism are arranged on the top of the bottom plate, a multifunctional clamping mechanism for clamping workpieces is arranged on the outer top of the real-time dynamic balancing mechanism, and a PLC controller is arranged on the top of the bottom plate.The cradle five-axis machining center driven by the linear motor is provided with the real-time dynamic balancing mechanism, thereby achieving accurate control of the gravity center of large-size special-shaped part machining, solving the problem that the prior device lacks accurate detection and dynamic balancing capability for the gravity center deviation of the large-size special-shaped part during use, causing the deviation of the gravity center of the clamped workpiece from the rotation center of the cradle workbench, unbalanced centrifugal force, violent vibration during the swinging of an A shaft and the rotation of a C shaft, and the failure to meet the high-precision machining requirement, and the problem that the servo motor and the slewing bearing are easily damaged and the service life of the device is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machine tool processing equipment, and more specifically, to a linear motor driven cradle five-axis machining center. Background Technology

[0002] Five-axis machining centers, also known as five-axis linkage machining centers, are high-tech, high-precision machining centers specifically designed for machining complex curved surfaces. This type of machining center system has a significant impact on a country's aviation, aerospace, military, scientific research, precision instruments, and high-precision medical equipment industries. With the rapid development of high-end manufacturing fields such as aerospace, heavy machinery, and large molds, the demand for machining large-sized irregular parts is increasing day by day. Cradle five-axis machining centers, with their linkage function between the A-axis (cradle swing axis) and C-axis (table rotation axis), can achieve multi-posture cutting of complex curved surfaces, making them core equipment for machining large-sized irregular parts. The basic structure of a traditional cradle five-axis machining center typically includes: an integral bed, a U-shaped cradle table, an A / C axis drive system, an X / Y / Z linear axis feed system, and a CNC system. The cradle table is connected to the bed via a slewing bearing. After the workpiece is clamped on the table support panel, its posture is adjusted by the A / C axis drive, and the cutting is completed in conjunction with the spindle.

[0003] However, the existing devices have the following shortcomings during use: The existing equipment lacks the ability to accurately detect and dynamically balance the center of gravity shift of large-sized irregular parts during use. This causes the center of gravity of the workpiece to shift from the rotation center of the cradle table after clamping, resulting in an imbalance of centrifugal force. This leads to severe vibrations during A-axis oscillation and C-axis rotation, which cannot meet the requirements of high-precision machining and is prone to damaging the servo motor and slewing bearing, thus reducing the service life of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose a linear motor driven cradle five-axis machining center, which can indirectly collect the pressure distribution data of the workpiece after clamping by embedding four pressure sensors inside the bottom of the L-shaped frame. Combined with the torque sensor on the A swing axis, a dual-dimensional detection system of static pressure and dynamic torque is formed to accurately capture the offset of the workpiece center of gravity. Then, the first drive mechanism drives the counterweight to move along the linear guide rail to dynamically counteract the eccentric centrifugal force.

[0005] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This invention provides a linear motor driven cradle five-axis machining center, including a base plate. A linear feed mechanism and a real-time dynamic balancing mechanism are provided on the top of the base plate. A multi-functional clamping mechanism for clamping workpieces is provided on the outer top of the real-time dynamic balancing mechanism. A PLC controller is installed on the top of the base plate, and the wiring terminals of the PLC controller are connected to the device wiring harness. The real-time dynamic balancing mechanism includes two fixed plates fixedly connected to the top of the base plate. Two A-swing shafts are connected to one side of the two fixed plates via bearings. Two L-shaped frames are fixedly connected to one end of the two A-swing shafts. A torque sensor is provided on the outer surface of one of the A-swing shafts. A first servo motor for driving one of the A-swing shafts to rotate is fixedly installed on one side of one of the fixed plates. Four pressure sensors are embedded in the bottom inner side of the two L-shaped frames. A cradle worktable is fixedly connected to the inner side of the two L-shaped frames. A clamping platform is provided on the inner side of the cradle worktable. Two counterweights are provided on both sides of the cradle worktable. A first drive mechanism for driving the two counterweights to move is provided on both sides of the cradle worktable. A second drive mechanism for driving the clamping platform to rotate is provided at the bottom of the cradle worktable.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the linear feed mechanism includes two first linear motors mounted on the top of the base plate, the moving ends of the two first linear motors being connected to two first mounting plates by bolts, the tops of the two first mounting plates being fixedly connected to two brackets, and a second linear motor being mounted between the two brackets.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the moving end of the second linear motor is bolted to a mounting base, a third linear motor is mounted on one side of the mounting base, the moving end of the third linear motor is bolted to a second mounting plate, and a cutting part is mounted on one side of the second mounting plate.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the multifunctional clamping mechanism includes an annular block fixedly sleeved on the top of the clamping table, and a sliding groove is provided on the outer surface of the annular block, and four support blocks are slidably connected in the sliding groove.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, four first fixing frames are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the four support blocks, and four electric telescopic rods are fixedly installed on the inner sides of the four support blocks. The telescopic ends of the four electric telescopic rods movably pass through the four first fixing frames and are fixedly connected to four clamping plates.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, four second fixed frames are fixedly connected to the bottom of the four support blocks, four second servo motors are fixedly installed on the inner side of the four second fixed frames, the output ends of the four second servo motors movably pass through the four second fixed frames and are fixedly connected to four first spur gears, a second spur gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the clamping table, the four first spur gears mesh with the second spur gears, and eight movable rods are fixedly connected to one side of the four clamping plates, the eight movable rods movably pass through the four first fixed frames.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first driving mechanism includes four support plates fixedly connected to both sides of the cradle workbench, two threaded rods rotatably connected between the four support plates, two linear guide rails installed on both sides of the cradle workbench, two third servo motors for driving the two threaded rods to rotate are fixedly installed on one side of the two support plates, two counterweights are threadedly connected to the outer surfaces of the two threaded rods, and the two counterweights are slidably connected to the outer surfaces of the two linear guide rails.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second driving mechanism includes a C-rotating shaft rotatably connected to the bottom of the cradle workbench. The top end of the C-rotating shaft extends through the cradle workbench and is fixedly connected to the clamping table. A first bevel gear is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the C-rotating shaft. A fourth servo motor is fixedly installed at the bottom of the cradle workbench. A second bevel gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the fourth servo motor. The second bevel gear meshes with the first bevel gear.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an arc-shaped groove is provided on one side of another fixed plate, and a limiting rod is fixedly connected to one side of one of the L-shaped frames, and the limiting rod is slidably connected in the arc-shaped groove.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an annular groove is provided on the inner side of the cradle workbench, and an annular plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the clamping table, and the annular plate is slidably connected in the annular groove.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention, by setting up a real-time dynamic balancing mechanism, incorporates four pressure sensors embedded in the bottom inner side of the L-shaped frame. This allows for the indirect acquisition of pressure distribution data after workpiece clamping. Combined with a torque sensor on the A-axis swing axis, a dual-dimensional detection system of static pressure and dynamic torque is formed. This system accurately captures the workpiece's center of gravity offset. The first drive mechanism then drives the counterweight block to move along the linear guide rail, dynamically offsetting the eccentric centrifugal force. This achieves precise control of the center of gravity in the processing of large-sized irregular parts. It solves the problem that existing devices lack the ability to accurately detect and dynamically balance the center of gravity offset of large-sized irregular parts during use. This results in the center of gravity of the workpiece shifting from the rotation center of the cradle table after clamping, causing an imbalance in centrifugal force. This leads to severe vibrations during A-axis swing and C-axis rotation, failing to meet high-precision processing requirements and easily damaging the servo motor and slewing bearing, thus reducing the device's service life.

[0016] This invention employs a linear feed mechanism, using first, second, and third linear motors to drive the X, Y, and Z axes respectively. Compared to traditional lead screw drives, linear motors eliminate transmission backlash and frictional losses, achieving feed accuracy down to the micrometer level. Simultaneously, the high dynamic response characteristics of linear motors enable more precise X / Y / Z axis linkage trajectories. Combined with the coordinated control of A-axis oscillation and C-axis rotation, high-speed, high-precision cutting of complex curved surfaces can be achieved, shortening idle travel time and machining cycle time, and improving machining efficiency. It is particularly suitable for the high-efficiency machining needs of complex irregular parts in aerospace, large mold manufacturing, and other fields.

[0017] This invention features a multi-functional clamping mechanism. Four sliding support blocks, in conjunction with an electric telescopic rod, adaptively adjust the position and clamping force of the clamping plate according to the contour of the irregularly shaped part, preventing workpiece deformation during clamping. Simultaneously, a second servo motor, via gear transmission, moves the support blocks along the annular block groove, flexibly adjusting the clamping angle to ensure the clamping point always falls within the workpiece's rigid area. Furthermore, the cooperation between the annular plate and the annular groove enhances the stability of the clamping table during rotation, while the movable rod strengthens the structural rigidity of the clamping plate. This design allows for the adaptation to irregularly shaped parts of different sizes and shapes, and offers convenient clamping operations, high repeatability, and significantly reduced tooling changeover costs, improving the consistency of batch processing. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A perspective view of the main structure of a linear motor driven cradle five-axis machining center provided by the present invention; Figure 2 The present invention provides a three-dimensional view of the right side structure of a linear motor driven cradle five-axis machining center; Figure 3 The present invention provides a three-dimensional view of the rear structure of a linear motor driven cradle five-axis machining center; Figure 4This invention provides a three-dimensional structural view of a counterweight block in a linear motor-driven cradle five-axis machining center; Figure 5 This invention provides a three-dimensional structural view of the support structure in a linear motor driven cradle five-axis machining center; Figure 6 This invention provides a three-dimensional structural view of the annular plate in a linear motor-driven cradle five-axis machining center; Figure 7 This invention provides a three-dimensional view of the annular groove structure in a five-axis machining center for a linear motor-driven cradle; Figure 8 This invention provides a three-dimensional structural view of a pressure sensor in a linear motor-driven cradle five-axis machining center.

[0019] In the picture: 1. Base plate; 2. Linear feed mechanism; 201. First linear motor; 202. First mounting plate; 203. Bracket; 204. Second linear motor; 205. Mounting base; 206. Third linear motor; 207. Second mounting plate; 208. Cutting part; 3. Real-time dynamic balancing mechanism; 301. Fixed plate; 302. A-axis swing shaft; 303. L-shaped frame; 304. Torque sensor; 305. First servo motor; 306. Pressure sensor; 307. Cradle worktable; 308. Clamping table; 309. Counterweight; 310. Arc groove; 311. Limiting rod; 312. Annular groove; 313. Annular plate 4. Multifunctional clamping mechanism; 401. Ring block; 402. Slide groove; 403. Support block; 404. First fixed frame; 405. Electric telescopic rod; 406. Clamping plate; 407. Second fixed frame; 408. Second servo motor; 409. First spur gear; 410. Second spur gear; 411. Movable rod; 5. PLC controller; 6. First drive mechanism; 601. Support plate; 602. Threaded rod; 603. Linear guide rail; 604. Third servo motor; 7. Second drive mechanism; 701. C-rotation axis; 702. First bevel gear; 703. Fourth servo motor; 704. Second bevel gear. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] like Figures 1-8 As shown, the embodiment provides a linear motor driven cradle five-axis machining center, including a base plate 1. A linear feed mechanism 2 and a real-time dynamic balancing mechanism 3 are provided on the top of the base plate 1. A multi-functional clamping mechanism 4 for clamping workpieces is provided on the outer top of the real-time dynamic balancing mechanism 3. A PLC controller 5 is installed on the top of the base plate 1. The wiring terminals of the PLC controller 5 are connected to the device wiring harness. The real-time dynamic balancing mechanism 3 includes two fixed plates 301 fixedly connected to the top of the base plate 1. Two A-swing shafts 302 are connected to one side of the two fixed plates 301 via bearings. Two L-shaped frames 303 are fixedly connected to one end of the two A-swing shafts 302. A torque sensor 304 is provided on the outer surface of one of the A-swing shafts 302. A first servo motor 305 for driving one of the A-swing shafts 302 to rotate is fixedly installed on one side of one of the fixed plates 301. Four pressure sensors 306 are embedded in the bottom inner side of the two L-shaped frames 303. A cradle worktable 307 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the two L-shaped frames 303. A clamping platform 308 is provided on the inner side of the cradle worktable 307. Two counterweights 309 are provided on both sides of the cradle worktable 307. A first drive mechanism 6 for driving the two counterweights 309 to move is provided on both sides of the cradle worktable 307. A second drive mechanism 7 for driving the clamping platform 308 to rotate is provided at the bottom of the cradle worktable 307.

[0022] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the linear feed mechanism 2 includes two first linear motors 201 mounted on the top of the base plate 1. The moving ends of the two first linear motors 201 are connected to two first mounting plates 202 by bolts. The tops of the two first mounting plates 202 are fixedly connected to two brackets 203. A second linear motor 204 is installed between the two brackets 203. Through the modular assembly structure of the linear feed mechanism 2, the two first linear motors 201 synchronously drive the X-axis movement, and the brackets 203 support the second linear motor 204 to achieve Y-axis feed. On the one hand, the linear motors have no transmission backlash and a low coefficient of friction, ensuring the smoothness and straightness of the X / Y axis feed movement and avoiding the crawling phenomenon of traditional lead screw drives. On the other hand, the rigid connection design between the first mounting plates 202 and the brackets 203 improves the overall rigidity of the linear feed mechanism 2, which can withstand the cutting load when machining large-sized irregular parts, prevent feed accuracy deviation caused by mechanism deformation, and provide a stable two-dimensional motion foundation for subsequent Z-axis movement and cutting, adapting to the machining requirements of large stroke and high precision.

[0023] like Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 8As shown, the moving end of the second linear motor 204 is bolted to a mounting base 205. A third linear motor 206 is mounted on one side of the mounting base 205. The moving end of the third linear motor 206 is bolted to a second mounting plate 207. A cutting part 208 is mounted on one side of the second mounting plate 207. The mounting base 205 achieves a rigid connection between the second linear motor 204 and the third linear motor 206, constructing an "X / Y / Z" three-dimensional linear motor drive system. The third linear motor 206 directly drives the cutting part 208 to complete the Z-axis operation. Directional feed eliminates the precision loss in intermediate transmission links, controlling the following error of the three-dimensional linkage trajectory to the micrometer level. At the same time, the modular design of the mounting base 205 facilitates the disassembly and maintenance of the cutting unit 208, allowing for quick replacement of tools or cutting components according to processing needs, thus improving the versatility of the equipment. In addition, the high dynamic response characteristics of the third linear motor 206 enable the cutting unit 208 to adapt to the attitude adjustment of the A swing axis 302 and the C rotation axis 701 in real time, ensuring precise alignment of the tool and the workpiece during the machining of complex curved surfaces, thereby improving the surface quality and contour accuracy of the machined surface.

[0024] like Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, the multi-functional clamping mechanism 4 includes an annular block 401 fixedly sleeved on the top of the clamping table 308. The outer surface of the annular block 401 is provided with a sliding groove 402, and four support blocks 403 are slidably connected in the sliding groove 402. Through the sliding cooperation between the sliding groove 402 of the annular block 401 and the four support blocks 403, the position of the support blocks 403 can be flexibly adjusted along the circumference of the clamping table 308. On the one hand, the circumferential adjustment range of the support blocks 403 can cover large-sized irregular parts of different diameters, improving the adaptability of the multi-functional clamping mechanism 4. On the other hand, the symmetrical distribution design of the four support blocks 403 can make the clamping force evenly applied to the workpiece, avoiding local stress concentration, and at the same time providing a movable basis for the subsequent precise adjustment of the clamping angle, ensuring that the clamping point always falls on the rigid area of ​​the workpiece, and improving the clamping stability.

[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, four first fixed frames 404 are fixedly connected to the inner side of the four support blocks 403, and four electric telescopic rods 405 are fixedly installed on the inner side of the four support blocks 403. The telescopic ends of the four electric telescopic rods 405 move through the four first fixed frames 404 and are fixedly connected to four clamping plates 406. The first fixed frames 404 provide stable installation support for the electric telescopic rods 405. The electric telescopic rods 405 directly drive the clamping plates 406 to achieve linear clamping action. The stroke and thrust of the electric telescopic rods 405 can be precisely controlled by the PLC controller 5. The clamping force can be adaptively adjusted according to the workpiece material and wall thickness (such as reducing the thrust for thin-walled parts and increasing the thrust for rigid parts), effectively avoiding clamping deformation.

[0026] like Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, four second fixed frames 407 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the four support blocks 403. Four second servo motors 408 are fixedly installed on the inner side of the four second fixed frames 407. The output ends of the four second servo motors 408 movably pass through the four second fixed frames 407 and are fixedly connected to four first spur gears 409. A second spur gear 410 is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the clamping table 308. The four first spur gears 409 mesh with the second spur gears 410. Eight movable rods 411 are fixedly connected to one side of the four clamping plates 406. The eight movable rods 411 movably pass through the four first fixed frames 404. Through the gear transmission mechanism of the first spur gears 409, the second spur gears 410, and the movable rods 411, the precise adjustment of the clamping angle is achieved. To enhance the rigidity of the clamping plate 406, on the one hand, the second servo motor 408 drives the first spur gear 409 and the second spur gear 410 to mesh, causing the support block 403 to rotate synchronously or independently along the slide groove 402 of the annular block 401. This allows for precise adjustment of the circumferential angle of the clamping plate 406, adapting to the irregular contours of irregularly shaped parts and ensuring precise alignment between the clamping point and the rigid area of ​​the workpiece. On the other hand, the sliding cooperation between the eight movable rods 411 and the first fixed frame 404 provides multi-directional guidance for the clamping plate 406, preventing the clamping plate 406 from shifting or tilting during clamping or angle adjustment. This improves the structural rigidity and repeatability of the clamping plate 406. At the same time, the high-precision characteristics of the gear transmission ensure the synchronous movement of the four support blocks 403, further guaranteeing clamping balance.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the first drive mechanism 6 includes four support plates 601 fixedly connected to both sides of the cradle worktable 307. Two threaded rods 602 are rotatably connected between the four support plates 601. Two linear guide rails 603 are installed on both sides of the cradle worktable 307. Two third servo motors 604 for driving the rotation of the two threaded rods 602 are fixedly installed on one side of the two support plates 601. Two counterweights 609 are threaded to the outer surface of the two threaded rods 602 and slidably connected to the two linear guide rails 603. On the outer surface of 03, the third servo motor 604 drives the threaded rod 602 to rotate, and through the threaded transmission, it drives the counterweight 309 to move along the linear guide rail 603. The high precision characteristics of the threaded transmission enable the movement accuracy of the counterweight 309 to be controlled within 0.1mm, ensuring the compensation accuracy of the real-time dynamic balancing mechanism 3. Secondly, the linear guide rail 603 provides stable guiding constraints for the counterweight 309, avoiding deviation or jamming during movement, ensuring the timely response of the counterweight 309, and can counteract the centrifugal force generated by the deviation of the workpiece's center of gravity in real time.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the second drive mechanism 7 includes a C-rotation shaft 701 rotatably connected to the bottom of the cradle worktable 307. The top end of the C-rotation shaft 701 extends through the cradle worktable 307 and is fixedly connected to the clamping table 308. A first bevel gear 702 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the C-rotation shaft 701. A fourth servo motor 703 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the cradle worktable 307. A second bevel gear 704 is fixedly connected to the output end of the fourth servo motor 703. The second bevel gear 704 meshes with the first bevel gear 702, and the first bevel gear 702 is driven by the bevel gear transmission. Gear 702 and the second bevel gear 704 drive the C-rotating shaft 701. The bevel gear transmission has high meshing accuracy and high transmission efficiency, which can accurately transmit the power of the fourth servo motor 703 to the clamping table 308, ensuring the smoothness and angular accuracy of the rotation of the C-rotating shaft 701, and avoiding stuttering or step loss during the rotation process. The independent drive design of the fourth servo motor 703 can realize the precise linkage between the C-rotating shaft 701 and the A-swinging shaft 302. With the help of the linear feed mechanism 2, it can complete multi-posture cutting of complex curved surfaces and meet the processing requirements of large-sized irregular parts.

[0029] like Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, an arc-shaped groove 310 is provided on one side of another fixed plate 301, and a limiting rod 311 is fixedly connected to one side of one of the L-shaped frames 303, and the limiting rod 311 is slidably connected in the arc-shaped groove 310.

[0030] like Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, an annular groove 312 is provided on the inner side of the cradle worktable 307. An annular plate 313 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the clamping table 308, and the annular plate 313 is slidably connected in the annular groove 312. Through the sliding cooperation between the arc groove 310 and the limiting rod 311, the mechanical limit of the swing angle of the A swing shaft 302 is realized. The arc design of the arc groove 310 can preset the maximum swing angle of the A swing shaft 302 (such as ±90°) according to the processing requirements, avoid swing overtravel caused by electrical control failure, prevent interference and collision between the cradle worktable 307 and the cutting part 208, and improve the safety of equipment operation. The sliding cooperation between the limiting rod 311 and the arc groove 310 provides additional guidance for the swing of the L-shaped frame 303, reduces the radial load of the slewing bearing of the A swing shaft 302, reduces bearing wear, and extends the service life of the A swing shaft 302 drive system.

[0031] The usage and working principle of this device: During the workpiece clamping and positioning stage, the large-sized irregular-shaped part is placed in the central area of ​​the clamping table 308 by the hoisting equipment, and initially aligned with the processing reference. The PLC controller 5 is operated to start the second servo motor 408, which drives the first spur gear 409 and the second spur gear 410 to mesh and drive the four support blocks 403 to slide along the slide groove 402 of the annular block 401. The circumferential position of the support blocks 403 is adjusted so that the clamping plate 406 is aligned with the rigid clamping area of ​​the workpiece (avoiding thin-walled and hollow parts). The electric telescopic rod 405 is started to push the clamping plate 406 smoothly close to the workpiece and rigidly clamp the workpiece. At the same time, the movable rod 411 slides along the first fixed frame 404 to ensure that the clamping plate 406 has no offset or tilt. During the parameter setting and balance calibration stage, machining parameters are input into the PLC controller 5, including the feed speed of the X / Y / Z axes, the cutting parameters of the cutting part 208, the swing angle range of the A swing axis 302 (limited by the arc groove 310, maximum ±90°), the rotation speed of the C rotation axis 701, etc. The calibration program of the real-time dynamic balance mechanism 3 is started. Four pressure sensors 306 collect the pressure distribution data of the workpiece after clamping, and the torque sensor 304 records the no-load torque of the A swing axis 302. The PLC controller 5 combines the two types of data to calculate the static center of gravity coordinates of the workpiece and automatically generates the adjustment parameters of the counterweight 309. The first drive mechanism 6 responds to the command, and the third servo motor 604 drives the threaded rod 602 to rotate, which moves the counterweight 309 along the linear guide rail 603 to the target position, completing the static center of gravity balance compensation. After calibration, the system records the initial position of the counterweight 309 to provide a reference for dynamic balance. During the processing and dynamic adjustment phase, the processing program is started, and the linear feed mechanism 2 operates in conjunction with it. The first linear motor 201 drives the X-axis, the second linear motor 204 drives the Y-axis, and the third linear motor 206 drives the Z-axis, causing the cutting part 208 to feed along the preset trajectory. At the same time, the first servo motor 305 drives the A swing axis 302 to swing, and the fourth servo motor 703 drives the C rotation axis 701 to rotate through the first bevel gear 702 and the second bevel gear 704, adjusting the workpiece posture to achieve multi-posture cutting of complex curved surfaces. During the processing, the real-time dynamic balancing mechanism 3 works continuously. The pressure sensor 306 captures the changes in workpiece pressure distribution in real time, the torque sensor 304 monitors the dynamic torque fluctuations of the A swing axis 302, and the PLC controller 5 corrects the dynamic center of gravity coordinates in real time, instructing the first drive mechanism 6 to fine-tune the position of the counterweight 309 to offset the center of gravity shift caused by changes in cutting allowance and workpiece posture adjustment, and maintain stable operation of the equipment. During the finishing and equipment maintenance stage, after machining is completed, the cutting part 208 and the linear feed mechanism 2 are reset to their initial positions, the A swing axis 302 and the C rotation axis 701 stop moving and return to zero, the electric telescopic rod 405 retracts, the clamping plate 406 is released, the machined workpiece is removed by the hoisting equipment, and the residual chips of the clamping table 308, the clamping plate 406 and the cutting part 208 are cleaned.

[0032] The wiring diagrams for the first linear motor 201, second linear motor 204, third linear motor 206, cutting part 208, torque sensor 304, first servo motor 305, pressure sensor 306, electric telescopic rod 405, second servo motor 408, PLC controller 5, third servo motor 604, and fourth servo motor 703 in this invention are common knowledge in the field, and their working principles are known technologies. The appropriate model is selected according to actual use. Therefore, the control methods and wiring arrangements for the first linear motor 201, second linear motor 204, third linear motor 206, cutting part 208, torque sensor 304, first servo motor 305, pressure sensor 306, electric telescopic rod 405, second servo motor 408, PLC controller 5, third servo motor 604, and fourth servo motor 703 will not be explained in detail.

[0033] Other techniques in this embodiment are based on existing technologies.

[0034] This invention has been described through preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. This invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein; other embodiments falling within the scope of the claims are also within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A five-axis machining center for a cradle driven by a linear motor, characterized in that: Includes a base plate (1), the top of which is provided with a linear feed mechanism (2) and a real-time dynamic balancing mechanism (3), the top of which is provided with a multi-functional clamping mechanism (4) for clamping workpieces, and a PLC controller (5) installed on the top of the base plate (1), the wiring terminals of which are connected to the device wiring. The real-time dynamic balancing mechanism (3) includes two fixed plates (301) fixedly connected to the top of the base plate (1). Two A-swing shafts (302) are connected to one side of the two fixed plates (301) via bearings. Two L-shaped brackets (303) are fixedly connected to one end of the two A-swing shafts (302). A torque sensor (304) is provided on the outer surface of one of the A-swing shafts (302). A first servo motor (305) for driving one of the A-swing shafts (302) to rotate is fixedly installed on one side of one of the fixed plates (301). The two L-shaped brackets (304) are fixedly connected to the top of the base plate (1). Four pressure sensors (306) are embedded in the bottom inner side of the 03), and a cradle worktable (307) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the two L-shaped frames (303). A clamping table (308) is provided on the inner side of the cradle worktable (307). Two counterweights (309) are provided on both sides of the cradle worktable (307). A first drive mechanism (6) for driving the two counterweights (309) to move is provided on both sides of the cradle worktable (307). A second drive mechanism (7) for driving the clamping table (308) to rotate is provided at the bottom of the cradle worktable (307).

2. The linear motor driven cradle five-axis machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linear feed mechanism (2) includes two first linear motors (201) mounted on the top of the base plate (1). The moving ends of the two first linear motors (201) are connected to two first mounting plates (202) by bolts. The tops of the two first mounting plates (202) are fixedly connected to two brackets (203). A second linear motor (204) is installed between the two brackets (203).

3. A linear motor-driven five-axis machining center for cradles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The moving end of the second linear motor (204) is connected to a mounting base (205) by bolts. A third linear motor (206) is mounted on one side of the mounting base (205). The moving end of the third linear motor (206) is connected to a second mounting plate (207) by bolts. A cutting part (208) is mounted on one side of the second mounting plate (207).

4. A linear motor-driven five-axis machining center for cradles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-functional clamping mechanism (4) includes an annular block (401) fixedly sleeved on the top of the clamping table (308). A groove (402) is provided on the outer surface of the annular block (401), and four support blocks (403) are slidably connected in the groove (402).

5. A linear motor-driven five-axis machining center for cradles according to claim 4, characterized in that: Four first fixing frames (404) are fixedly connected to the inner side of the four support blocks (403), and four electric telescopic rods (405) are fixedly installed on the inner side of the four support blocks (403). The telescopic ends of the four electric telescopic rods (405) pass through the four first fixing frames (404) and are fixedly connected to four clamping plates (406).

6. A linear motor-driven cradle five-axis machining center according to claim 5, characterized in that: Four second fixed frames (407) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the four support blocks (403). Four second servo motors (408) are fixedly installed on the inner side of the four second fixed frames (407). The output ends of the four second servo motors (408) pass through the four second fixed frames (407) and are fixedly connected to four first spur gears (409). A second spur gear (410) is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the clamping table (308). The four first spur gears (409) mesh with the second spur gears (410). Eight movable rods (411) are fixedly connected to one side of the four clamping plates (406). The eight movable rods (411) pass through the four first fixed frames (404).

7. A linear motor-driven five-axis machining center for cradles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first driving mechanism (6) includes four support plates (601) fixedly connected to both sides of the cradle workbench (307). Two threaded rods (602) are rotatably connected between the four support plates (601). Two linear guides (603) are installed on both sides of the cradle workbench (307). Two third servo motors (604) for driving the two threaded rods (602) to rotate are fixedly installed on one side of the two support plates (601). Two counterweights (309) are threaded to the outer surface of the two threaded rods (602) and slidably connected to the outer surface of the two linear guides (603).

8. A linear motor-driven five-axis machining center for cradles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second drive mechanism (7) includes a C-rotation shaft (701) rotatably connected to the bottom of the cradle worktable (307). The top end of the C-rotation shaft (701) extends through the cradle worktable (307) and is fixedly connected to the clamping table (308). A first bevel gear (702) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the C-rotation shaft (701). A fourth servo motor (703) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the cradle worktable (307). A second bevel gear (704) is fixedly connected to the output end of the fourth servo motor (703). The second bevel gear (704) meshes with the first bevel gear (702).

9. A linear motor-driven five-axis machining center for cradles according to claim 1, characterized in that: Another fixed plate (301) has an arc groove (310) on one side, and a limiting rod (311) is fixedly connected to one side of one of the L-shaped frames (303), and the limiting rod (311) is slidably connected in the arc groove (310).

10. A linear motor-driven five-axis machining center for cradles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the cradle workbench (307) is provided with an annular groove (312), and the bottom of the clamping table (308) is fixedly connected with an annular plate (313), and the annular plate (313) is slidably connected in the annular groove (312).

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