Biochemical pool gas inlet adjusting method

Abstract

The application provides a biochemical pool air inlet adjusting method, which comprises the following steps: S1, replacing the air inlet pipeline of the biochemical pool with a transparent pipeline, and additionally arranging a monitoring assembly on the outer wall of the transparent pipeline; S2, synchronously collecting multi-dimensional real-time data at a fixed period at the corresponding position of the biochemical pool; S3, combining the predicted air demand with the valve characteristic curve to inversely deduce the corresponding reference value of the opening degree of the adjusting valve; S4, making the opening degree of the adjusting valve reach the corresponding reference value according to the reference value to complete the pre-adjustment; S5, calculating the opening degree correction coefficient by partition weighting according to the sensor data, and synthesizing the final target opening degree; S6, the adjusting valve automatically adjusts the opening degree of the adjusting valve according to the flow-ammonia nitrogen coupling prediction model and the opening degree correction coefficient; S7, the monitoring assembly regularly scans the transparent pipeline, and initiates backwashing when dust accumulates; and S8, combining the data self-learning every day, optimizing the flow-ammonia nitrogen coupling prediction model, improving the model precision, effectively improving the aeration efficiency, reducing the energy consumption, and simultaneously guaranteeing that the water quality meets the standard.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of air intake regulation, and in particular to a method for regulating air intake in a biochemical tank. Background Technology

[0002] Aeration control in biological treatment tanks is a core component of municipal and industrial wastewater treatment processes, and its control precision directly affects wastewater treatment efficiency, aeration energy consumption, and operational stability.

[0003] In existing technologies, the air inlet valve regulation of biological treatment tanks mostly adopts a single dissolved oxygen parameter control mode, which lacks advance prediction of changes in influent load and water quality. This results in strong regulation lag, insufficient valve opening control precision, and an inability to accurately match the real-time oxygen demand of the biological reaction in the tank. Furthermore, most regulation systems lack an effective self-learning optimization mechanism, making it impossible to dynamically adapt to fluctuations in influent load, water quality, and sludge conditions. Ultimately, this leads to high aeration energy consumption and large fluctuations in effluent water quality, making it difficult to achieve the control objective of both high efficiency and energy saving while ensuring stable compliance.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical challenges, achieve precise aeration control, effectively improve aeration efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and ensure stable effluent quality, this invention designs a multi-parameter coordinated, pre-adjusted, and self-learning optimization adjustment method, combined with an improved air inlet valve structure. This significantly improves the accuracy of aeration opening adjustment and effectively enhances aeration efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a method for regulating the air intake of a biological treatment tank, which solves the problems of existing air intake valves lacking the ability to predict changes in influent load and water quality in advance, resulting in strong regulation lag, insufficient valve opening control precision, inability to accurately match the real-time oxygen demand of the biological reaction in the tank, and the lack of an effective self-learning optimization mechanism in the regulation system.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for regulating the air intake of a biological treatment tank, the method comprising: S1. Replace the air inlet pipe of the biochemical tank with a transparent pipe, install a regulating valve between the transparent pipe and the blower outlet, and install a monitoring component on the outer wall of the transparent pipe. S2. Install DO / ammonia nitrogen sensors at corresponding locations in the biological treatment tank. The system synchronously collects multi-dimensional real-time data at fixed intervals. S3. Based on the time-series prediction of inlet water load, and combined with the predicted gas demand and valve characteristic curves, the corresponding reference value of the control valve opening is calculated in reverse. S4. Adjust the opening of the regulating valve to the corresponding reference value according to the reference value to complete the pre-adjustment; S5. Based on the DO / ammonia nitrogen sensor data at the corresponding location of the biological treatment tank, calculate the opening correction coefficient by weighted partition and synthesize the final target opening. S6. The control valve automatically adjusts its opening based on the flow-ammonia-nitrogen coupling prediction model and the opening correction coefficient. S7. The monitoring component periodically scans the transparent pipe, and backflushing is initiated when dust accumulates. S8. Daily data self-learning combined with DO / ammonia nitrogen sensor data optimizes the flow-ammonia nitrogen coupling prediction model and improves model accuracy.

[0007] In the preferred embodiment, in step S1, the regulating valve includes: a valve body, an inlet flange on one side of the valve body, an outlet flange on the other side, a valve core seat inside the valve body, an air passage hole on the valve core seat, a movable sealing valve core on one side of the air passage hole, and a transparent pipe on one side of the outlet flange, with a monitoring component sleeved on the outside of the transparent pipe. An adjusting motor is provided on one side of the sealing valve core. The output shaft of the adjusting motor is connected to the sealing valve core. The adjusting motor is used to control the movement of the sealing valve core. A valve core rod is provided on the output shaft of the adjusting motor. The valve core rod is used to connect to the sealing valve core.

[0008] In the preferred embodiment, a control port is provided on one side of the valve body, and a connecting seat is provided on one side of the control port. The connecting seat is used to install the regulating motor, and a guide cylinder is provided inside the connecting seat. A slidable valve core rod is provided in the guide cylinder. The top of the sealing valve core is also provided with a docking seat, which is used to connect with the valve core rod. The sealing valve core is conical in shape, and the vent hole matches the shape of the sealing valve core. There is a vent gap between the vent hole and the sealing valve core, and the adjusting motor is used to adjust the size of the vent gap.

[0009] In the preferred embodiment, a sealing ring is provided inside the valve core seat, and the air passage hole is located on the inner side of the sealing ring; The valve core seat has an air inlet chamber on one side and an air outlet chamber on the other side. An air passage connects the air inlet chamber and the air outlet chamber. An adjusting motor is used to control the opening degree of the connection between the air inlet chamber and the air outlet chamber.

[0010] In the preferred embodiment, the monitoring component includes a sensor sleeve, a scanning motor is provided on one side of the sensor sleeve, and a transverse lead screw is provided inside the sensor sleeve, with one end of the transverse lead screw connected to the scanning motor; The transverse lead screw is equipped with a scanning slider, which is evenly distributed around the outside of the transparent pipe. One side of the scanning slider facing the transparent pipe has a light-emitting end, and the scanning slider opposite the light-emitting end has a receiving end. The receiving end judges the dust deposition in the transparent pipe by receiving the brightness from the light-emitting end, and thus determines whether to start backflushing to clean the transparent pipe. The scanning sliders, except for the scanning slider on the transverse lead screw, are arranged on the transverse guide rod.

[0011] In the preferred embodiment, in step S2, the multi-dimensional real-time data includes: the inlet water load parameters at the inlet end, the real-time status of each zone in the biological tank, the water quality data at the outlet end, the size of the air gap at the valve and pipeline end and the actual opening degree of the valve, and the dust and mud accumulation data collected by the monitoring component on the inner wall of the transparent pipe. All collected data is stored in the control unit's storage module, providing data support for subsequent load forecasting, opening degree calculation, and regulation control; In step S3, step S3.1, the control unit calls the built-in flow-ammonia nitrogen coupling prediction model. Using the data collected by the inlet end sensor within a preset time period, combined with the metabolic oxygen demand pattern of microorganisms in the biological tank, the overall total oxygen demand of the biological tank in the future period and the gas demand distribution ratio of each aerobic reaction zone are predicted in advance for a preset time period, so as to realize the advance prediction of the inlet load. Step S3.2. The control unit calls the preset valve characteristic curve, which is pre-calibrated through experiments and reflects the correspondence between the air gap, the air flow rate, and the stroke of the regulating electric cylinder. Based on the predicted air demand of each aerobic zone, the control unit reverse-engineers the reference connection opening of the regulating valve, as well as the size of the air gap and the driving stroke of the regulating electric cylinder corresponding to the reference opening. The reference opening is used as the core basis for feedforward pre-adjustment to offset the adjustment lag caused by the water quality transmission process in the biological tank and improve the adjustment accuracy.

[0012] In the preferred embodiment, in step S4, step S4.1. The control unit converts the reference connection opening calculated in step S3 into a drive stroke command for the adjusting electric cylinder. After receiving the command, the adjusting electric cylinder starts the drive function, controls the change in the size of the air gap, and then adjusts the connection opening between the air inlet chamber and the air outlet chamber until the reference opening calculated in S3 is reached. Step S4.2. After the valve reaches the reference opening, the blower starts and delivers air to the valve's air inlet chamber. The air passes through the air hole and air gap into the air outlet chamber, and then is evenly delivered to each aerobic reaction zone of the biological tank through the transparent pipe to achieve basic aeration supply, laying the foundation for subsequent precise adjustment. Step S4.3. During the pre-adjustment process, the control unit receives feedback data from the position sensor on the adjusting electric cylinder in real time, monitors the position of the sealing valve core and the size of the air gap, and ensures that the reference opening is adjusted accurately.

[0013] In the preferred embodiment, in step S5, step S5.1: The control unit receives the real-time data from the DO sensor and ammonia nitrogen sensor of each aerobic zone in the biochemical tank collected in S2, compares the real-time data with the preset control targets of each zone, and calculates the DO deviation and ammonia nitrogen deviation of each zone, where the DO deviation is the difference between the measured DO concentration and the preset DO target value, and the ammonia nitrogen deviation is the difference between the measured ammonia nitrogen concentration and the preset ammonia nitrogen target value. Step S5.2. Based on the biochemical reaction characteristics of each aerobic zone, the control unit calculates the aperture correction coefficient for each zone using a zone-weighted method: For the high ammonia nitrogen reaction zone, the ammonia nitrogen deviation is the main correction basis, and the DO deviation is the auxiliary correction basis. The ammonia nitrogen deviation is given a higher weight, and the DO deviation is given a lower weight. For conventional aerobic reaction zones, the primary correction basis is DO deviation, and the secondary correction basis is ammonia nitrogen deviation. DO deviation is given a higher weight, while ammonia nitrogen deviation is given a lower weight. For the terminal effluent area, only the DO deviation is used as the correction basis, and the influence of ammonia nitrogen deviation is not considered. The weight of ammonia nitrogen deviation is set to zero. Step S5.3. After calculating the opening correction coefficient for each zone, the control unit multiplies the baseline opening obtained in S4 with the correction coefficient for each zone to synthesize the final target connection opening of the improved intake valve, ensuring that the opening adjustment can accurately match the actual biochemical reaction requirements of each zone and avoid over-aeration or under-aeration. In step S6, step S6.1. The control unit converts the final target connection opening degree synthesized in step S5 into a precise drive command for adjusting the electric cylinder. At the same time, it combines the real-time prediction results of the flow-ammonia nitrogen coupling prediction model and the opening degree correction coefficient to start the closed-loop control logic and realize the precise control of the valve opening degree. Step S6.2. Adjust the electric cylinder according to the drive command of the control unit to precisely drive the valve core rod to dynamically adjust the size of the air gap, thereby precisely controlling the connection opening between the air inlet chamber and the air outlet chamber, so that the aeration flow rate is completely matched with the actual air demand of each aerobic zone, and ensures that the biochemical reaction in the tank proceeds stably. Step S6.3. The control unit monitors the actual opening degree of the valve based on the real-time feedback data from the position sensor of the regulating electric cylinder, and compares it with the final target opening degree. If there is a deviation between the actual opening degree and the target opening degree, the control unit adjusts the driving command of the regulating electric cylinder in a timely manner until the actual opening degree matches the target opening degree. Step S6.4. The system presets an opening hysteresis range. When the deviation between the final target opening and the current actual opening is less than this hysteresis range, the regulating electric cylinder does not operate, thus avoiding frequent start-stop of the regulating electric cylinder, extending the service life of the regulating electric cylinder and the sealing valve core, and ensuring the stability of the aeration flow rate.

[0014] In the preferred embodiment, in step S7, during the entire aeration adjustment process, the monitoring component continuously scans and monitors the transparent pipe according to a preset cycle. The specific monitoring process is as follows: the scanning motor starts and drives the transverse lead screw to rotate at a constant speed. The transverse lead screw drives the scanning sliders on both sides to move along the axial direction of the transparent pipe. During the movement of the scanning sliders, the light-emitting end continuously emits stable light. After the light from the light-emitting end passes through the transparent tube, it is received by the receiving end on the opposite side. The receiving end then transmits the received light transmission brightness signal to the control unit in real time. The control unit compares the measured light transmittance with the preset light transmittance threshold. If the measured light transmittance is lower than the preset threshold, it indicates that there is dust or mud accumulation on the inner wall of the transparent pipe. Dust and mud accumulation will affect the ventilation efficiency of the transparent pipe and interfere with the subsequent monitoring of the monitoring components. At this point, the control unit immediately starts the backwashing system, which begins to automatically backwash the transparent pipe until the accumulated dust and mud on the inner wall of the transparent pipe are cleaned and the measured light transmittance returns to above the preset threshold. Then the backwashing system stops working. In step S7, step S7.1: The control unit monitors the feedback data of the differential pressure sensor installed on the valve body in real time, compares the measured differential pressure with the preset differential pressure threshold, and if the measured differential pressure is greater than the preset threshold, it indicates that there is a tendency for blockage inside the valve. Step S7.2. The control unit controls the regulating electric cylinder to drive the sealing valve core to make small-amplitude, high-frequency micro-pulse movements. Through the slight movement of the sealing valve core, the airflow at the air gap is disturbed, and the impact force of the airflow is used to clean the deposits on the sealing ring, air passage and sealing valve core surface.

[0015] In the preferred embodiment, in step S8, step S8.1: The control unit collects data on effluent DO concentration and effluent ammonia nitrogen concentration from the sensor at the effluent end according to a preset cycle, and calculates the effluent water quality compliance rate, that is, the percentage of time during which the effluent DO concentration and ammonia nitrogen concentration are within the preset qualified range. Step S8.2. Based on the statistically obtained effluent water quality compliance rate, the control unit starts the self-learning optimization algorithm to adaptively adjust and optimize various control parameters of the system.

[0016] This invention provides a method for regulating the air intake of a biological treatment tank, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention effectively solves the technical problems of lagging aeration regulation, insufficient precision, high energy consumption, and poor stability in existing technologies, and achieves precise control of aeration in biological treatment tanks. By collecting data collaboratively from multiple sensors, and combining a long short-term memory neural network (LSTM) flow-ammonia nitrogen coupled prediction model to predict the influent load in advance, coupled with dual-parameter zone weighted correction, the accuracy of aeration opening regulation is significantly improved, and the aeration efficiency is effectively improved. 2. Through transparent pipeline monitoring and automatic backwashing, valve self-cleaning works together to avoid pipeline and valve blockage, ensuring stable aeration. The fuzzy PID self-learning optimization algorithm dynamically adapts to changes in operating conditions without manual intervention, significantly reducing aeration energy consumption, while ensuring that the effluent water quality consistently meets standards. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the adjustment method of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of the regulating valve of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the regulating valve of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the regulating valve of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the transparent pipe of the present invention; Figure 6 This is an axial sectional view of the transparent pipe of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the data acquisition and load forecasting process of this invention; Figure 8 This is a flowchart of the valve opening control and anomaly monitoring of the present invention; Figure 9 This is the self-learning optimization closed-loop flowchart of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Valve body; 2. Control port; 3. Connecting seat; 4. Support frame; 5. Adjusting electric cylinder; 6. Valve core rod; 7. Inlet flange; 8. Outlet flange; 9. Inlet chamber; 10. Outlet chamber; 11. Guide cylinder; 12. Docking seat; 13. Valve core seat; 14. Sealing ring; 15. Air passage hole; 16. Sealing valve core; 17. Air passage gap; 18. Transparent pipe; 19. Sensor sleeve; 20. Scanning motor; 21. Scanning slider; 22. Light-emitting end; 23. Lateral movement screw; 24. Lateral movement guide rod; 25. Receiver end; 26. Monitoring component. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Example 1 like Figure 1-6 As shown, a method for regulating the air intake of a biological treatment tank is characterized by the following: The method includes: S1. Replace the air inlet pipe of the biochemical tank with a transparent pipe 18, install a regulating valve between the transparent pipe 18 and the blower outlet, and also install a monitoring component 26 on the outer wall of the transparent pipe 18. S2. Install DO / ammonia nitrogen sensors at corresponding locations in the biological treatment tank. The system synchronously collects multi-dimensional real-time data at fixed intervals. S3. Based on the time-series prediction of inlet water load, and combined with the predicted gas demand and valve characteristic curves, the corresponding reference value of the control valve opening is calculated in reverse. S4. Adjust the opening of the regulating valve to the corresponding reference value according to the reference value to complete the pre-adjustment; S5. Based on the DO / ammonia nitrogen sensor data at the corresponding location of the biological treatment tank, calculate the opening correction coefficient by weighted partition and synthesize the final target opening. S6. The control valve automatically adjusts its opening based on the flow-ammonia-nitrogen coupling prediction model and the opening correction coefficient. S7, Monitoring component 26 periodically scans transparent pipe 18, dust accumulation triggers backflushing; S8. Daily data self-learning combined with DO / ammonia nitrogen sensor data optimizes the flow-ammonia nitrogen coupling prediction model and improves model accuracy.

[0020] In the preferred embodiment, in step S1, the regulating valve includes: a valve body 1, an inlet flange 7 on one side of the valve body 1 and an outlet flange 8 on the other side, a valve core seat 13 inside the valve body 1, an air passage hole 15 on the valve core seat 13, a movable sealing valve core 16 on one side of the air passage hole 15, and a transparent pipe 18 on one side of the outlet flange 8, with a monitoring component 26 sleeved on the outside of the transparent pipe 18. An adjusting motor 5 is provided on one side of the sealing valve core 16. The output shaft end of the adjusting motor 5 is connected to the sealing valve core 16. The adjusting motor 5 is used to control the movement of the sealing valve core 16. A valve core rod 6 is provided on the output shaft end of the adjusting motor 5. The valve core rod 6 is used to connect to the sealing valve core 16.

[0021] In the preferred embodiment, a control port 2 is provided on one side of the valve body 1, and a connecting seat 3 is provided on one side of the control port 2. The connecting seat 3 is used to install the regulating motor 5. A guide cylinder 11 is provided inside the connecting seat 3, and a slidable valve core rod 6 is provided in the guide cylinder 11. The top of the sealing valve core 16 is also provided with a docking seat 12, which is used to connect with the valve core rod 6. The sealing valve core 16 is conical in shape. The air passage 15 matches the shape of the sealing valve core 16. An air passage gap 17 is provided between the air passage 15 and the sealing valve core 16. The adjusting motor 5 is used to adjust the size of the air passage gap 17.

[0022] In the preferred embodiment, a sealing ring 14 is provided inside the valve core seat 13, and an air passage 15 is arranged inside the sealing ring 14. The valve core seat 13 has an air inlet chamber 9 on one side and an air outlet chamber 10 on the other side. The air passage 15 connects the air inlet chamber 9 and the air outlet chamber 10. The regulating motor 5 is used to control the opening degree of the connection between the air inlet chamber 9 and the air outlet chamber 10.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the monitoring component 26 includes a sensor sleeve 19, a scanning motor 20 is provided on one side of the sensor sleeve 19, and a transverse lead screw 23 is provided inside the sensor sleeve 19, with one end of the transverse lead screw 23 connected to the scanning motor 20. A scanning slider 21 is provided on the transverse lead screw 23. The scanning slider 21 is evenly distributed around the outside of the transparent pipe 18. One side of the scanning slider 21 facing the transparent pipe 18 is provided with a light-emitting end 22. The scanning slider 21 opposite the light-emitting end 22 is provided with a receiving end 25. The receiving end 25 judges the dust deposition in the transparent pipe 18 by receiving the brightness from the light-emitting end 22, and thus determines whether to start backflushing to clean the transparent pipe 18. The scanning sliders 21, except for the scanning slider 21 on the transverse lead screw 23, are slidably arranged on the transverse guide rod 24.

[0024] In the preferred embodiment, in step S2, the multi-dimensional real-time data includes: the inlet water load parameters at the inlet end, the real-time status of each zone in the biological tank, the water quality data at the outlet end, the size of the air gap 17 at the valve and pipeline end and the actual opening degree of the valve, and the dust and mud accumulation data collected by the monitoring component 26 on the inner wall of the transparent pipe 18. All collected data is stored in the control unit's storage module, providing data support for subsequent load forecasting, opening degree calculation, and regulation control; In step S3, step S3.1, the control unit calls the built-in flow-ammonia nitrogen coupling prediction model. Using the data collected by the inlet end sensor within a preset time period, combined with the metabolic oxygen demand pattern of microorganisms in the biological tank, the overall total oxygen demand of the biological tank in the future period and the gas demand distribution ratio of each aerobic reaction zone are predicted in advance for a preset time period, so as to realize the advance prediction of the inlet load. Step S3.2. The control unit calls the preset valve characteristic curve, which is pre-calibrated through experiments and reflects the correspondence between the air gap 17 and the air flow rate and the stroke of the regulating cylinder 5. Based on the predicted air demand of each aerobic zone, the control unit reverse-engineers the reference connection opening of the regulating valve, as well as the size of the air gap 17 and the driving stroke of the regulating cylinder 5 corresponding to the reference opening. The reference opening is used as the core basis for feedforward pre-adjustment to offset the adjustment lag caused by the water quality transmission process in the biological tank and improve the adjustment accuracy.

[0025] In the preferred embodiment, in step S4, step S4.1. The control unit converts the reference connection opening calculated in step S3 into a drive stroke command for the adjusting electric cylinder 5. After receiving the command, the adjusting electric cylinder 5 starts the drive function, controls the change in the size of the air gap 17, and then adjusts the connection opening between the air inlet chamber 9 and the air outlet chamber 10 until the reference opening calculated in S3 is reached. Step S4.2. After the opening reaches the reference opening, the blower starts and delivers air to the air inlet chamber 9 of the valve. The air enters the air outlet chamber 10 through the air hole 15 and the air gap 17, and is then evenly delivered to each aerobic reaction zone of the biological tank through the transparent pipe 18 to achieve basic aeration supply and lay the foundation for subsequent precise adjustment. Step S4.3. During the pre-adjustment process, the control unit receives feedback data from the position sensor on the adjusting electric cylinder 5 in real time, monitors the position of the sealing valve core 16 and the size of the air gap 17, and ensures that the reference opening is adjusted accurately.

[0026] In the preferred embodiment, in step S5, step S5.1: The control unit receives the real-time data from the DO sensor and ammonia nitrogen sensor of each aerobic zone in the biochemical tank collected in S2, compares the real-time data with the preset control targets of each zone, and calculates the DO deviation and ammonia nitrogen deviation of each zone, where the DO deviation is the difference between the measured DO concentration and the preset DO target value, and the ammonia nitrogen deviation is the difference between the measured ammonia nitrogen concentration and the preset ammonia nitrogen target value. Step S5.2. Based on the biochemical reaction characteristics of each aerobic zone, the control unit calculates the aperture correction coefficient for each zone using a zone-weighted method: For the high ammonia nitrogen reaction zone, the ammonia nitrogen deviation is the main correction basis, and the DO deviation is the auxiliary correction basis. The ammonia nitrogen deviation is given a higher weight, and the DO deviation is given a lower weight. For conventional aerobic reaction zones, the primary correction basis is DO deviation, and the secondary correction basis is ammonia nitrogen deviation. DO deviation is given a higher weight, while ammonia nitrogen deviation is given a lower weight. For the terminal effluent area, only the DO deviation is used as the correction basis, and the influence of ammonia nitrogen deviation is not considered. The weight of ammonia nitrogen deviation is set to zero. Step S5.3. After calculating the opening correction coefficient for each zone, the control unit multiplies the baseline opening obtained in S4 with the correction coefficient for each zone to synthesize the final target connection opening of the improved intake valve, ensuring that the opening adjustment can accurately match the actual biochemical reaction requirements of each zone and avoid over-aeration or under-aeration. In step S6, step S6.1. The control unit converts the final target connection opening degree synthesized in step S5 into a precise drive command for adjusting the electric cylinder 5. At the same time, it combines the real-time prediction results of the flow-ammonia nitrogen coupling prediction model and the opening degree correction coefficient to start the closed-loop control logic and realize the precise control of the valve opening degree. Step S6.2. Adjust the electric cylinder 5 according to the drive command of the control unit, precisely drive the valve core rod 6 to dynamically adjust the size of the air gap 17, thereby precisely controlling the connection opening between the air inlet chamber 9 and the air outlet chamber 10, so that the aeration flow rate is completely matched with the actual air demand of each aerobic zone, and ensures that the biochemical reaction in the pool proceeds stably. Step S6.3. The control unit monitors the actual opening degree of the valve based on the real-time feedback data from the position sensor of the regulating cylinder 5, and compares it with the final target opening degree. If there is a deviation between the actual opening degree and the target opening degree, the control unit adjusts the drive command of the regulating cylinder 5 in a timely manner until the actual opening degree is consistent with the target opening degree. Step S6.4. The system presets an opening hysteresis range. When the deviation between the final target opening and the current actual opening is less than this hysteresis range, the regulating electric cylinder 5 does not operate, thus avoiding frequent start-stop of the regulating electric cylinder 5, extending the service life of the regulating electric cylinder 5 and the sealing valve core 16, and ensuring the stability of the aeration flow rate.

[0027] In the preferred embodiment, in step S7, during the entire aeration adjustment process, the monitoring component 26 continuously scans and monitors the transparent pipe 18 according to a preset cycle. The specific monitoring process is as follows: the scanning motor 20 starts and drives the transverse lead screw 23 to rotate at a constant speed. The transverse lead screw 23 drives the scanning sliders 21 on both sides to move along the axial direction of the transparent pipe 18. During the movement of the scanning sliders 21, the light-emitting end 22 continuously emits stable light. After the light from the light-emitting end 22 passes through the transparent pipe 18, it is received by the receiving end 25 on the opposite side. The receiving end 25 transmits the received light transmission brightness signal to the control unit in real time. The control unit compares the measured light transmittance with the preset light transmittance threshold. If the measured light transmittance is lower than the preset threshold, it indicates that there is dust or mud accumulation on the inner wall of the transparent pipe 18. The dust or mud accumulation will affect the ventilation efficiency of the transparent pipe 18 and interfere with the subsequent monitoring of the monitoring component 26. At this time, the control unit immediately starts the backwashing system. The backwashing system begins to automatically backwash the transparent pipe 18 until the dust and mud on the inner wall of the transparent pipe 18 are cleaned and the measured light transmittance returns to above the preset threshold. Then the backwashing system stops working. In step S7, step S7.1: The control unit monitors the feedback data of the differential pressure sensor installed on the valve body 1 in real time, compares the measured differential pressure with the preset differential pressure threshold, and if the measured differential pressure is greater than the preset threshold, it indicates that there is a tendency for blockage inside the valve. Step S7.2. The control unit controls the regulating electric cylinder 5 to drive the sealing valve core 16 to make small-amplitude, high-frequency micro-pulse movements. Through the slight movement of the sealing valve core 16, the airflow at the air gap 17 is disturbed, and the impact force of the airflow is used to clean the deposits on the sealing ring 14, the air hole 15 and the surface of the sealing valve core 16.

[0028] In the preferred embodiment, in step S8, step S8.1: The control unit collects data on effluent DO concentration and effluent ammonia nitrogen concentration from the sensor at the effluent end according to a preset cycle, and calculates the effluent water quality compliance rate, that is, the percentage of time during which the effluent DO concentration and ammonia nitrogen concentration are within the preset qualified range. Step S8.2. Based on the statistically obtained effluent water quality compliance rate, the control unit starts the self-learning optimization algorithm to adaptively adjust and optimize various control parameters of the system.

[0029] Example 2 Further explanation in conjunction with Example 1, such as Figure 1-6The detailed installation method of a biochemical tank air intake regulation method is as follows: First, the air intake pipeline is modified and the transparent pipe 18 is laid. Before construction, the original air intake pipeline of the biochemical tank must be fully inspected to clarify the direction, connection position and distribution of auxiliary facilities of the original pipeline. Then, the original air intake pipeline is gradually dismantled to avoid damaging the biochemical tank body, tank wall and other auxiliary facilities around it. At the same time, the site is cleaned up and the dismantled pipeline fragments are removed in time to prevent debris from entering the biochemical tank or affecting subsequent construction operations.

[0030] After the original pipeline is removed, it is replaced with a transparent pipe 18. The transparent pipe 18 is made of a hard material that is corrosion resistant and highly transparent. The material surface is smooth and does not easily adhere to sludge and dust. It can meet the scanning and monitoring requirements of the subsequent monitoring component 26, and also has sufficient structural strength to withstand the pressure brought by the airflow during aeration. It is not easy to deform or break during long-term use.

[0031] The laying path of the transparent pipe 18 is consistent with the original air inlet pipe to ensure that the airflow can be delivered evenly and smoothly to each aerobic reaction zone of the biological tank, avoiding dead airflow corners. The pipes are connected by flanges, and a suitable sealing gasket is installed at the connection. The sealing gasket is made of corrosion-resistant and elastic material, which can effectively enhance the sealing performance. When connecting, the flange interfaces must be aligned and tightly fitted, and then the bolts must be tightened evenly to ensure a tight seal and avoid air leakage during aeration, which would affect aeration efficiency and adjustment accuracy.

[0032] After completing the intake pipe modification, the next step is to install the regulating valve, which is installed between the transparent pipe 18 and the blower outlet.

[0033] The specific installation method of the regulating valve is as follows: First, align the valve's inlet flange 7 with the blower's outlet flange, carefully adjust the valve position to keep the valve body 1 horizontal, and ensure that the inlet chamber 9 and the blower's outlet can be smoothly connected without airflow obstruction. Subsequently, the air inlet flange 7 is fixedly connected to the blower outlet flange using appropriate bolts, and a seal is added at the connection to further enhance the sealing effect and prevent airflow from leaking from the connection gap.

[0034] Next, align the outlet flange 8 of the valve with one end flange of the transparent pipe 18, and use the same flange connection method as the inlet end to fix the connection with bolts to ensure that the outlet chamber 10 and the transparent pipe 18 are tightly connected, so that the airflow can smoothly pass through the valve into the transparent pipe 18 and then be delivered to each section of the biochemical tank.

[0035] After the valve body is installed, valve body 1 needs to be fixed to prevent the valve from shaking due to airflow impact during operation, which would affect the opening adjustment accuracy. The specific method is to install a special bracket at the bottom of valve body 1. The bracket is made of high-strength and corrosion-resistant metal. The height of the bracket is adjusted according to the actual site conditions to ensure that valve body 1 can remain horizontal and stable. The bottom of the bracket is firmly connected to the ground or the fixing structure around the biological tank with expansion bolts. After connection, the stability of the bracket needs to be checked.

[0036] Subsequently, the adjusting electric cylinder 5 is installed and fixedly mounted on the connecting seat 3. The connecting seat 3 is pre-fixed next to the control port 2 on one side of the valve body 1, and the installation position of the adjusting electric cylinder 5 is consistent with the direction of the valve core rod 6, which facilitates subsequent driving operation.

[0037] Insert the valve core rod 6 into the guide cylinder 11. The guide cylinder 11 is pre-installed inside the connecting seat 3. The inner wall of the guide cylinder 11 is smooth, which can provide guidance and limit the sliding of the valve core rod 6. Adjust the position of the valve core rod 6 so that one end of the valve core rod 6 is fixedly connected to the output shaft end of the adjusting electric cylinder 5 through a special connector, and the other end is fixedly connected to the sealing valve core 16 through the docking seat 12, ensuring that the valve core rod 6 can slide smoothly in the guide cylinder 11 and drive the sealing valve core 16 to move synchronously.

[0038] After all valve components are installed, a comprehensive inspection is required, with a focus on checking the fit between the sealing valve core 16 and the air passage 15. Manually push the valve core rod 6 and observe whether the movement of the sealing valve core 16 is flexible. Ensure that the sealing valve core 16 can move smoothly and that the air passage gap 17 formed between the air passage 15 and the sealing valve core 16 can be adjusted normally. The opening degree of the connection between the air inlet chamber 9 and the air outlet chamber 10 can be precisely controlled by the movement of the sealing valve core 16. At the same time, check the installation of the sealing ring 14. The sealing ring 14 is installed inside the valve core seat 13. It is necessary to ensure that the sealing ring 14 fits tightly with the valve core seat 13 without gaps to prevent airflow from leaking from the sealing gap, which would affect the aeration flow rate and adjustment accuracy.

[0039] After the regulating valve is installed and debugged, the monitoring component 26 is installed and deployed. The monitoring component 26 is used to monitor the dust and mud accumulation on the inner wall of the transparent pipe 18 in real time, providing a basis for subsequent automatic backwashing. Its deployment position and installation accuracy directly affect the monitoring effect.

[0040] The specific installation process of the monitoring component 26 is as follows: The monitoring component 26 is fitted onto the outer wall of the transparent pipe 18. The specific placement position is selected on the side of the transparent pipe 18 near the valve outlet flange 8. This allows for timely monitoring of the deposition of dust and sludge carried by the airflow discharged from the valve on the inner wall of the pipe, facilitating early detection and handling of dust accumulation problems.

[0041] During installation, first adjust the position of the sensor sleeve 19 so that the sensor sleeve 19 is coaxially set with the transparent pipe 18, ensuring that the scanning range can fully cover the entire cross section of the transparent pipe 18 without any monitoring blind spots. Install the light-emitting end 22 and the receiving end 25 on the scanning sliders 21 on both sides respectively, and carefully adjust the height and angle of the light-emitting end 22 and the receiving end 25 so that they are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the transparent pipe 18. This ensures that the light emitted by the light-emitting end 22 can penetrate the transparent pipe 18 vertically and be accurately received by the receiving end 25, thus avoiding inaccurate monitoring data caused by light deviation.

[0042] Subsequently, the scanning motor 20 is fixedly installed on one side of the sensor sleeve 19. The scanning motor 20 must be securely installed to prevent vibration during operation, which could affect scanning accuracy. The transverse lead screws 23 are evenly distributed inside the sensor sleeve 19. One end of the transverse lead screw 23 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the scanning motor 20 via a coupling, and the other end is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the sensor sleeve 19 via a bearing. This ensures that the scanning motor 20 can drive the transverse lead screw 23 to rotate at a uniform speed, thereby causing the scanning slider 21 to move smoothly along the axial direction of the transparent pipe 18, achieving full-area scanning of the transparent pipe 18. After all components of the monitoring assembly 26 are installed, it is electrically connected to the control unit via a dedicated cable to ensure that monitoring data can be transmitted to the control unit in real time and stably, providing support for subsequent control decisions.

[0043] After the monitoring component 26 is installed, the sensor system is deployed and installed. The sensor system is the core of multi-dimensional data acquisition. Its deployment needs to be combined with the structural characteristics of the biological tank and the functions of each reaction zone to ensure that the monitoring data can accurately reflect the influent load, the state of biological reaction in the tank and the effluent water quality, so as to provide reliable data support for regulation and control.

[0044] The specific locations and installation methods of the sensor system are as follows: At the inlet end, flow sensors, COD sensors, and ammonia nitrogen sensors are installed on the inlet pipe of the biological treatment tank, near the inlet. These sensors are used to collect the inlet flow rate, COD concentration, and ammonia nitrogen concentration, directly reflecting the inlet load.

[0045] All sensors are fixed to the water inlet pipe using flange or threaded connection. During installation, it is necessary to ensure that the sensor probe is deeply inserted into the water inlet pipe and in full contact with the water to ensure the accuracy of the monitoring data. Meanwhile, the sensor should be installed away from pipe bends, valves, and other locations that are prone to water flow disturbance, to prevent water flow disturbance from affecting the stability of monitoring data and avoiding data deviation.

[0046] The sensor cable uses a special waterproof and corrosion-resistant cable. The cable is encased in a metal protective tube, which is fixed to the outer wall of the pipe or a surrounding fixed structure to prevent the cable from being damaged by water, mud or external force. The cable joints are waterproof and sealed to prevent water ingress that could cause sensor malfunction. The other end of the cable is electrically connected to the control unit to enable real-time data transmission.

[0047] Within the biological treatment tank, based on the aerobic reaction zones, DO sensors and ammonia nitrogen sensors are installed in each aerobic reaction zone, including the high ammonia nitrogen reaction zone, the conventional aerobic reaction zone, and the terminal effluent zone. These sensors are used to monitor the dissolved oxygen concentration and ammonia nitrogen concentration in each zone in real time, reflecting the real-time status of the biological reaction within the tank.

[0048] When installing the sensor, a special bracket is used to fix it to the wall of the biological treatment tank. The bracket is made of corrosion-resistant and high-strength material. The height of the bracket can be flexibly adjusted according to the water depth of the biological treatment tank to ensure that the sensor probe can be deeply inserted into the reaction liquid and fully contact the reaction liquid. At the same time, the probe position should avoid the direct impact of aeration bubbles to prevent bubbles from interfering with the monitoring data and avoid data fluctuations. In addition, the DO sensors and ammonia nitrogen sensors in the same zone should be placed at a reasonable distance to avoid mutual interference between the two sensors and to ensure the independence and accuracy of the monitoring data.

[0049] All cables for the sensors inside the pool are led out through waterproof protective tubes, which are fixed along the pool wall. The cable joints are waterproofed and sealed to prevent water damage. The other end of the cable is electrically connected to the control unit to ensure that the data inside the pool can be transmitted to the control unit in real time.

[0050] At the outlet end, DO and ammonia nitrogen sensors are installed on the outlet pipe of the biological treatment tank near the outlet. The installation method is the same as that of the sensors at the inlet end. They are fixed to the outlet pipe by flange connection or threaded connection to ensure that the sensor probe is deeply inserted into the outlet pipe and in full contact with the outlet water. This allows for real-time monitoring of the outlet water quality and timely feedback on whether the outlet water meets the standards.

[0051] The sensor cables are also waterproof and corrosion-resistant, secured with protective tubing, and the connectors are properly sealed. The other end of the cable is electrically connected to the control unit, feeding back the water output data to the control unit in real time, providing a basis for subsequent system self-learning and optimization.

[0052] Differential pressure sensors are installed in the inlet chamber 9 and outlet chamber 10 of the valve body 1 at the valve and pipeline ends to monitor the pressure difference between the valve and the outlet. The pressure difference changes are used to determine whether there is a blockage inside the valve and to detect potential blockages in a timely manner.

[0053] The differential pressure sensor is fixed to the preset mounting interface of valve body 1 by threaded connection. During installation, it is necessary to ensure a tight seal to avoid air leakage affecting the accuracy of pressure monitoring. The sensor cable is electrically connected to the control unit to transmit differential pressure data in real time.

[0054] A position sensor is installed on the regulating electric cylinder 5. The position sensor is integrated with the regulating electric cylinder 5 and is used to monitor the sliding position of the valve core rod 6 in real time. In turn, it indirectly obtains the position of the sealing valve core 16, the size of the air gap 17 and the actual opening degree of the valve, and provides feedback data for opening degree adjustment. The cable of the position sensor is electrically connected to the control unit to ensure real-time transmission of position data.

[0055] After the sensor system is installed, the auxiliary system is installed and the system is debugged. The auxiliary system includes the backwashing system and the control unit.

[0056] The installation process of the backwashing system is as follows: Connect the backwashing system pipeline to the transparent pipe 18. The connection position is selected downstream of the scanning range of the monitoring component 26. This ensures that during backwashing, the flushing water flow can fully cover the inner wall of the transparent pipe 18, thoroughly clean the dust and mud on the inner wall of the pipe, and avoid incomplete cleaning affecting the ventilation efficiency. The control valves of the backwashing system are electrically connected to the control unit, ensuring that the control unit can automatically start and stop the backwashing system according to the feedback instructions of the monitoring component 26, thereby achieving automated control of backwashing without manual intervention.

[0057] Installation of the control unit: The control unit shall be installed in a control room surrounding the biological treatment tank. The control room shall be kept dry and well-ventilated to avoid affecting the normal operation of the control unit and to ensure its long-term stable operation. All sensors, regulating cylinders 5, monitoring components 26, backwashing system, and blowers shall be electrically connected to the control unit via dedicated cables.

[0058] After all components are installed and connected, the system is started for comprehensive debugging. The purpose of the debugging is to check the operating status of each component, identify potential faults, and ensure that the system can operate normally and stably.

[0059] The debugging process is as follows: Start the blower, check the sealing performance of the valve, and observe whether there is any air leakage at the valve body 1, flange connection and sealing parts. If air leakage is found, tighten the bolts or replace the seals in time until there is no air leakage. Start the adjusting electric cylinder 5, check the sliding of the valve core rod 6, observe whether the sealing valve core 16 can move flexibly, whether the air gap 17 is adjusted smoothly without jamming or shaking, and whether the data fed back by the position sensor is accurate. Start the monitoring component 26 to check the operating status of the scanning motor 20, the transverse lead screw 23, and the scanning slider 21, and ensure that the scanning motor 20 can drive the transverse lead screw 23 to rotate normally, the scanning slider 21 can move smoothly, the light-emitting end 22 can emit light normally, the receiving end 25 can accurately receive the light signal, and the light transmission brightness signal can be transmitted to the control unit in real time. Check the monitoring data of all sensors one by one to ensure stable and accurate data transmission without abnormal fluctuations or data loss; debug the backwashing system to simulate dust accumulation in the transparent pipe 18, and check whether the backwashing system can start normally, whether the flushing water flow is uniform, whether it can effectively clean the inner wall of the transparent pipe 18, and whether it can stop normally after cleaning. After all debugging items meet the requirements, the system can enter the normal operation state and start performing aeration adjustment operations.

[0060] Example 3 After system debugging is completed, the system enters the normal operation phase. The entire aeration adjustment system executes adjustment operations step by step according to the preset process. Each step is closely connected and logically coherent, ensuring the accuracy and stability of aeration control. The specific adjustment method and implementation steps are as follows: First, the S1 system startup and hardware initialization steps are executed. After the system starts, the control unit automatically performs initialization operations, conducting a comprehensive self-check on all sensors, regulating cylinder 5, monitoring components 26, backwashing system and blower, checking the operating status of each component one by one, and confirming that each component is operating normally, without faults or abnormal signals.

[0061] After initialization, the control unit automatically presets various control parameters and target values, including the DO and ammonia nitrogen control targets for each aerobic zone, the light transmittance threshold of transparent pipe 18, the valve differential pressure threshold, and the opening hysteresis range of adjusting electric cylinder 5.

[0062] At the same time, the transparent pipe 18, regulating valve, and blower enter standby mode, preparing for aeration adjustment, and waiting for the control unit to issue an instruction to start the relevant operations immediately.

[0063] After initialization, the system enters the S2 multi-dimensional real-time data acquisition step. After the system starts, the control unit controls all sensors to synchronously acquire multi-dimensional real-time data according to a preset cycle. Each sensor preprocesses the acquired raw data to remove outliers and filter interference signals to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data. Then, the preprocessed real-time data is transmitted to the control unit in real time.

[0064] The specific data collected are as follows: The flow sensor, COD sensor, and ammonia nitrogen sensor at the inlet end collect the inlet flow rate, COD concentration, and ammonia nitrogen concentration in real time. These data directly reflect the magnitude and changes of the inlet load, providing a basis for subsequent inlet load prediction. The DO and ammonia nitrogen sensors in each zone of the biological treatment tank collect the real-time DO and ammonia nitrogen concentrations of each zone, reflecting the real-time status of the biological reaction in the tank and determining whether the aeration in each zone is sufficient and whether the biological reaction is stable. The DO and ammonia nitrogen sensors at the outlet collect the real-time DO and ammonia nitrogen concentrations of the effluent, reflecting the water quality and determining whether the effluent meets the preset standards. Differential pressure sensors at the valve and pipeline ends collect the pressure difference between the valve body 1 and the valve downstream in real time. Changes in the differential pressure are used to determine if there is a tendency for blockage inside the valve. Position sensors collect the position of the valve core rod 6 of the regulating electric cylinder 5 in real time, thereby indirectly obtaining the position of the sealing valve core 16, the size of the air gap 17, and the actual opening degree of the valve, providing feedback for opening adjustment. Monitoring component 26 collects the light transmittance signal of the transparent pipe 18 in real time, reflecting the dust and mud accumulation on the inner wall of the transparent pipe 18, providing a trigger signal for automatic backflushing. All collected data is stored in the control unit's storage module for easy subsequent querying, analysis, and retrieval, providing reliable data support for subsequent load forecasting, opening degree calculation, and regulation control.

[0065] While data acquisition continues, the system enters the S3 influent load prediction and valve baseline opening calculation step. The control unit calls the built-in flow-ammonia nitrogen coupled prediction model. The flow-ammonia nitrogen coupled prediction model adopts a long short-term memory neural network (LSTM) coupled prediction model. It takes the influent flow rate, influent ammonia nitrogen concentration, and influent COD concentration collected by the influent end sensor within a preset time period as input data. Combined with the metabolic oxygen demand pattern of microorganisms in the biological tank, it fully considers factors such as the growth status of microorganisms and the rate of biochemical reaction, and predicts the total oxygen demand of the biological tank in the future period and the oxygen demand distribution ratio of each aerobic reaction zone in advance for a preset time period. This enables advance prediction of influent load and effectively solves the problem of untimely adjustment caused by water quality transmission lag.

[0066] Simultaneously, the control unit calls the preset valve characteristic curve, which is pre-calibrated through experiments to accurately reflect the correspondence between the air gap 17 and the air flow rate and the stroke of the regulating cylinder 5. Based on the predicted air demand of each aerobic zone, the control unit combines the valve characteristic curve to back-calculate the reference connection opening of the regulating valve, as well as the size of the air gap 17 and the driving stroke of the regulating cylinder 5 corresponding to the reference opening. This reference opening is used as the core basis for feedforward pre-adjustment to offset the adjustment lag caused by the water quality transmission process in the biological tank, significantly improve the adjustment accuracy, and lay the foundation for subsequent precise adjustment.

[0067] After the reference opening is calculated, the S4 step of the control valve reference opening pre-adjustment execution is entered. The control unit converts the reference connection opening calculated in S3 into a drive stroke command for the regulating electric cylinder 5. The command is transmitted to the regulating electric cylinder 5 through a cable. After receiving the command, the regulating electric cylinder 5 immediately starts the drive function, driving the valve core rod 6 to slide smoothly in a straight line along the guide cylinder 11. The guide cylinder 11 plays a good guiding and limiting role for the sliding of the valve core rod 6, ensuring that the valve core rod 6 slides smoothly and avoiding abnormal movement of the sealing valve core 16 due to the deviation of the valve core rod 6, which would affect the opening adjustment accuracy.

[0068] During the sliding process of the valve core rod 6, the conical sealing valve core 16 is driven to move synchronously through the docking seat 12. The sealing valve core 16 matches the shape of the air passage 15. As the sealing valve core 16 moves slowly, the size of the air passage gap 17 formed between the two changes accordingly, thereby gradually adjusting the connection opening between the air inlet chamber 9 and the air outlet chamber 10 until the reference opening calculated by S3 is reached.

[0069] At this time, the control unit issues a command to start the blower. The blower pressurizes the air and delivers it to the air inlet chamber 9 of the valve. The air passes through the air hole 15 and the air gap 17 into the air outlet chamber 10, and then is evenly delivered to each aerobic reaction zone of the biological tank through the transparent pipe 18 to achieve basic aeration supply and lay the foundation for subsequent precise adjustment.

[0070] During the pre-adjustment process, the control unit receives feedback data from the position sensor on the adjusting electric cylinder 5 in real time, monitors the position of the sealing valve core 16 and the size of the air passage 17 in real time, and if an adjustment deviation is found, adjusts the drive command of the adjusting electric cylinder 5 in a timely manner to ensure that the reference opening is adjusted accurately and meets the basic aeration requirements.

[0071] After pre-adjustment, the process proceeds to the S5 dual-parameter zone weighted correction and final opening synthesis step. The control unit continuously receives real-time data from the DO sensor and ammonia nitrogen sensor in each aerobic zone of the biochemical tank collected in S2. These real-time data are compared with the preset control targets for each zone one by one, and the DO deviation and ammonia nitrogen deviation for each zone are calculated. The DO deviation is the difference between the measured DO concentration and the preset DO target value, and the ammonia nitrogen deviation is the difference between the measured ammonia nitrogen concentration and the preset ammonia nitrogen target value. The magnitude of the deviation is used to determine whether the aeration of each zone meets the biochemical reaction requirements.

[0072] Based on the biochemical reaction characteristics of each aerobic zone, the control unit calculates the opening correction coefficient for each zone using a zone-weighted method. Since the biochemical reaction intensity and pollutant concentration differ among zones, their demands for dissolved oxygen (DO) and ammonia nitrogen also vary; therefore, the weighting values ​​differ as well. For the high ammonia nitrogen reaction zone, ammonia nitrogen degradation is the core reaction. Therefore, ammonia nitrogen deviation is the main correction basis, and DO deviation is the auxiliary correction basis. Ammonia nitrogen deviation is given a higher weight, and DO deviation is given a lower weight. For conventional aerobic reaction zones, aerobic metabolism of microorganisms is the core. Therefore, DO deviation is used as the main correction basis, and ammonia nitrogen deviation is used as the auxiliary correction basis. DO deviation is given a higher weight, and ammonia nitrogen deviation is given a lower weight. For the end-of-line effluent zone, the main objective is to ensure that the effluent meets the standards. Therefore, only the DO deviation is used as the basis for correction, and the influence of ammonia nitrogen deviation is not considered. The weight of ammonia nitrogen deviation is set to zero.

[0073] After calculating the opening correction coefficient for each zone, the control unit multiplies the baseline opening obtained from S4 with the correction coefficient for each zone to synthesize the final target connection opening of the regulating valve. This ensures that the opening adjustment can accurately match the actual biochemical reaction requirements of each zone, avoiding over-aeration or under-aeration, thus ensuring stable biochemical reaction and reducing aeration energy consumption.

[0074] After the final target opening degree is synthesized, the valve opening degree is automatically controlled in the closed loop by the regulating electric cylinder in step S6. The control unit converts the final target opening degree synthesized in step S5 into a precise drive command for regulating electric cylinder 5. At the same time, combined with the real-time prediction results of the flow-ammonia nitrogen coupling prediction model and the opening degree correction coefficient, the closed loop control logic is started to achieve precise control and dynamic adjustment of the valve opening degree.

[0075] According to the drive command of the control unit, the regulating electric cylinder 5 precisely drives the valve core rod 6 to slide in the guide cylinder 11, causing the sealing valve core 16 to move closer to or further away from the air passage 15, dynamically adjusting the size of the air passage gap 17, thereby precisely controlling the connection opening between the air inlet chamber 9 and the air outlet chamber 10, so that the aeration flow rate is completely matched with the actual air demand of each aerobic zone, ensuring that the biochemical reaction in the pool proceeds stably, the microorganisms can metabolize normally, and effectively degrade pollutants in the water.

[0076] Meanwhile, the control unit monitors the actual opening degree of the valve in real time based on the real-time feedback data from the position sensor of the regulating cylinder 5, compares the actual opening degree with the final target opening degree, and if there is a deviation between the actual opening degree and the target opening degree, the control unit adjusts the drive command of the regulating cylinder 5 in a timely manner, driving the sealing valve core 16 to move further until the actual opening degree is consistent with the target opening degree, thereby achieving closed-loop precise control.

[0077] In addition, the system has a preset opening hysteresis range. When the deviation between the final target opening and the current actual opening is less than this hysteresis range, the regulating cylinder 5 will not operate, thus avoiding frequent start-stop of the regulating cylinder 5, reducing equipment wear, extending the service life of the regulating cylinder 5 and the sealing valve core 16, and ensuring the stability of the aeration flow rate, avoiding airflow fluctuations caused by frequent opening adjustments, which would affect the biochemical reaction environment in the tank.

[0078] Throughout the aeration adjustment process, the S7 transparent pipe dust accumulation monitoring and automatic backwashing steps are executed simultaneously to ensure smooth airflow through the transparent pipe 18. The monitoring component 26 continuously scans and monitors the transparent pipe 18 according to a preset cycle.

[0079] The specific monitoring process is as follows: The scanning motor 20 is continuously started, driving the transverse lead screw 23 to rotate at a constant speed. The transverse lead screw 23 drives the scanning sliders 21 on both sides to move smoothly along the axis of the transparent pipe 18. During the movement of the scanning sliders 21, the light-emitting end 22 continuously emits stable light. After the light penetrates the transparent pipe 18, it is received by the receiving end 25 on the opposite side. The receiving end 25 transmits the received light transmission brightness signal to the control unit in real time. The control unit analyzes and processes the light transmission brightness signal.

[0080] The control unit compares the measured light transmittance with the preset light transmittance threshold. If the measured light transmittance is lower than the preset threshold, it indicates that there is dust or mud accumulation on the inner wall of the transparent pipe 18. The dust and mud will block the inner wall of the pipe, reduce the ventilation cross-sectional area, and affect the ventilation efficiency of the transparent pipe 18. At the same time, it will interfere with the subsequent monitoring of the monitoring component 26, resulting in inaccurate monitoring data. At this time, the control unit immediately issues a command to start the backwashing system. The backwashing system starts to automatically backwash the transparent pipe 18. The flushing water flows into the transparent pipe 18 through the backwashing pipe to thoroughly flush the inner wall of the pipe until the dust and mud accumulation on the inner wall of the transparent pipe 18 are cleaned and the measured light transmittance returns to above the preset threshold. The backwashing system then stops working to ensure smooth ventilation of the transparent pipe 18.

[0081] Simultaneously, the control unit monitors the feedback data from the differential pressure sensor on valve body 1 in real time, comparing the measured differential pressure with the preset differential pressure threshold. If the measured differential pressure is greater than the preset threshold, it indicates that there is a tendency for blockage inside the valve, including the sealing ring 14, the air passage 15, and the surface of the sealing valve core 16. Deposits adhering to these parts will reduce the air passage gap 17, affecting airflow and causing a decrease in aeration flow. At this time, the control unit controls the regulating electric cylinder 5 to drive the sealing valve core 16 to make small-amplitude, high-frequency micro-pulse movements. While keeping the main opening position unchanged, the regulating electric cylinder 5 drives the valve core rod 6 to make a small-stroke, high-frequency reciprocating slide along the guide cylinder 11, causing the sealing valve core 16 to make a slight disturbance on the side of the air passage 15, generating periodic airflow disturbance at the air passage gap 17. The impact force of the airflow cleans the deposits adhering to the surface of the sealing ring 14, the air passage 15, and the sealing valve core 16, achieving self-cleaning inside the valve, avoiding valve blockage, and ensuring smooth aeration airflow. The entire self-cleaning process does not change the main air venting opening of the valve, does not interrupt aeration, and does not affect the biochemical reactions in the biological tank, ensuring stable system operation.

[0082] To ensure the long-term stable operation of the entire regulation system, continuously improve regulation accuracy, and adapt to dynamic changes in influent load, water quality, and sludge conditions, the system continuously executes the S8 effluent data self-learning and system parameter optimization steps. The control unit statistically analyzes the effluent DO concentration and effluent ammonia nitrogen concentration data collected by the effluent end sensors according to a preset cycle, calculates the effluent water quality compliance rate, that is, the percentage of time that the effluent DO concentration and ammonia nitrogen concentration are within the preset qualified range, judges the system regulation effect by the compliance rate, and identifies problems in the regulation process.

[0083] Based on the statistically derived effluent quality compliance rate, the control unit initiates a self-learning optimization algorithm. This algorithm employs a fuzzy PID self-learning optimization method to adaptively adjust and optimize various control parameters of the system. The specific optimization details are as follows: If the effluent ammonia nitrogen compliance rate is low, it indicates that the prediction deviation of the flow-ammonia nitrogen coupled prediction model is large, and it cannot accurately predict the influent load and gas demand, resulting in untimely aeration adjustment. At this time, the control unit automatically adjusts the input weights of influent ammonia nitrogen concentration and influent flow rate in the model, optimizes the model's prediction parameters, adjusts the model's calculation logic, improves the prediction accuracy of the prediction model for the gas demand of the biological tank, reduces prediction deviation, and makes the prediction results more consistent with the actual working conditions. If the DO or ammonia nitrogen compliance rate of a certain aerobic zone is low, it indicates that the dual-parameter weighted correction coefficient of that zone is unreasonable and cannot accurately match the biochemical reaction requirements of that zone. At this time, the control unit automatically adjusts the DO and ammonia nitrogen weight ratio of that zone to make the correction coefficient more in line with the biochemical reaction characteristics of that zone, improve the accuracy of the opening adjustment, and ensure that the aeration of that zone can meet the biochemical reaction requirements. By combining long-term operating data from the position sensor and differential pressure sensor of the regulating cylinder 5, the control unit corrects the valve characteristic curve, optimizes the correspondence between the air gap 17 and the air flow rate and the stroke of the regulating cylinder 5, further improves the accuracy of valve opening adjustment and reduces adjustment deviation; according to the dust accumulation frequency of the transparent pipe 18, the control unit adjusts the scanning frequency and backwash threshold of the monitoring component 26. If the dust accumulation frequency is high, the scanning frequency is increased and the backwash threshold is decreased to ensure that the dust and mud accumulation on the inner wall of the transparent pipe 18 can be detected and cleaned in time to avoid pipe blockage. Adjust the opening hysteresis range according to the operating status of the regulating cylinder 5. If the regulating cylinder 5 is running stably, the hysteresis range can be appropriately reduced to improve the timeliness of adjustment. If the regulating cylinder 5 frequently starts and stops, the hysteresis range should be appropriately increased to avoid equipment wear and extend its service life.

[0084] Through the above self-learning optimization process, the entire regulation system can dynamically adapt to changes in influent load, water quality, and sludge conditions without the need for manual parameter adjustment, reducing manual maintenance costs. At the same time, it continuously improves the aeration control accuracy, ensures that the effluent quality of the biological treatment tank meets the standards, reduces pollutant emissions, and lowers aeration energy consumption, achieving efficient, stable, and energy-saving operation of the system.

[0085] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be considered as limitations on the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention should be limited to the technical solutions described in the claims, including equivalent substitutions of the technical features described in the claims. That is, equivalent substitutions and improvements within this scope are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for regulating the air intake of a biological treatment tank, characterized in that: The method includes: S1. Replace the air inlet pipe of the biochemical tank with a transparent pipe (18), install a regulating valve between the transparent pipe (18) and the blower outlet, and also install a monitoring component (26) on the outer wall of the transparent pipe (18). S2. Install DO / ammonia nitrogen sensors at corresponding locations in the biological treatment tank. The system synchronously collects multi-dimensional real-time data at fixed intervals. S3. Based on the time-series prediction of inlet water load, and combined with the predicted gas demand and valve characteristic curves, the corresponding reference value of the control valve opening is calculated in reverse. S4. Adjust the opening of the regulating valve to the corresponding reference value according to the reference value to complete the pre-adjustment; S5. Based on the DO / ammonia nitrogen sensor data at the corresponding location of the biological treatment tank, calculate the opening correction coefficient by weighted partition and synthesize the final target opening. S6. The control valve automatically adjusts its opening based on the flow-ammonia-nitrogen coupling prediction model and the opening correction coefficient. S7. The monitoring component (26) periodically scans the transparent pipe (18), and backwashing is initiated when dust accumulates. S8. Daily data self-learning combined with DO / ammonia nitrogen sensor data optimizes the flow-ammonia nitrogen coupling prediction model and improves model accuracy.

2. The method for regulating air intake in a biological treatment tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the regulating valve includes: a valve body (1), an inlet flange (7) on one side of the valve body (1) and an outlet flange (8) on the other side, a valve core seat (13) inside the valve body (1), an air passage hole (15) on the valve core seat (13), a movable sealing valve core (16) on one side of the air passage hole (15), a transparent pipe (18) on one side of the outlet flange (8), and a monitoring component (26) on the outside of the transparent pipe (18). An adjusting motor (5) is provided on one side of the sealing valve core (16). The output shaft end of the adjusting motor (5) is connected to the sealing valve core (16). The adjusting motor (5) is used to control the movement of the sealing valve core (16). The output shaft end of the adjusting motor (5) is provided with a valve core rod (6). The valve core rod (6) is used to connect with the sealing valve core (16).

3. The method for regulating air intake in a biological treatment tank according to claim 2, characterized in that: A control port (2) is provided on one side of the valve body (1), and a connecting seat (3) is provided on one side of the control port (2). The connecting seat (3) is used to install the regulating motor (5). A guide cylinder (11) is provided inside the connecting seat (3), and a sliding valve core rod (6) is provided in the guide cylinder (11). The top of the sealing valve core (16) is also provided with a docking seat (12), which is used to connect with the valve core rod (6). The sealing valve core (16) is conical in shape. The air passage (15) matches the shape of the sealing valve core (16). There is an air passage gap (17) between the air passage (15) and the sealing valve core (16). The adjusting motor (5) is used to adjust the size of the air passage gap (17).

4. The method for regulating air intake in a biological treatment tank according to claim 2, characterized in that: The valve core seat (13) is provided with a sealing ring (14) inside, and the air passage (15) is arranged on the inner side of the sealing ring (14); The valve core seat (13) has an air inlet chamber (9) on one side and an air outlet chamber (10) on the other side. The air passage (15) connects the air inlet chamber (9) and the air outlet chamber (10). The regulating motor (5) is used to control the opening degree of the connection between the air inlet chamber (9) and the air outlet chamber (10).

5. The method for regulating air intake in a biological treatment tank according to claim 2, characterized in that: The monitoring component (26) includes a sensor sleeve (19), a scanning motor (20) is provided on one side of the sensor sleeve (19), and a transverse lead screw (23) is provided inside the sensor sleeve (19), with one end of the transverse lead screw (23) connected to the scanning motor (20); A scanning slider (21) is provided on the transverse lead screw (23). The scanning slider (21) is evenly distributed around the outside of the transparent pipe (18). One side of the scanning slider (21) has a light-emitting end (22) facing the transparent pipe (18). The scanning slider (21) opposite the light-emitting end (22) has a receiving end (25). The receiving end (25) judges the dust deposition in the transparent pipe (18) by receiving the brightness from the light-emitting end (22), and thus judges whether to start backwashing to clean the transparent pipe (18). The scanning sliders (21) other than the scanning slider (21) on the transverse lead screw (23) are slidably arranged on the transverse guide rod (24).

6. The method for regulating air intake in a biological treatment tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the multi-dimensional real-time data includes: the inlet water load parameters at the inlet end, the real-time status of each zone in the biochemical tank, the water quality data at the outlet end, the size of the air gap (17) at the valve and pipeline end and the actual opening degree of the valve, and the dust and mud accumulation data collected by the monitoring component (26) on the inner wall of the transparent pipe (18). All collected data is stored in the control unit's storage module, providing data support for subsequent load forecasting, opening degree calculation, and regulation control; In step S3, step S3.1, the control unit calls the built-in flow-ammonia nitrogen coupling prediction model. Using the data collected by the inlet end sensor within a preset time period, combined with the metabolic oxygen demand pattern of microorganisms in the biological tank, the overall total oxygen demand of the biological tank in the future period and the gas demand distribution ratio of each aerobic reaction zone are predicted in advance for a preset time period, so as to realize the advance prediction of the inlet load. Step S3.

2. The control unit calls the preset valve characteristic curve, which is pre-calibrated through experiments to reflect the correspondence between the air gap (17) and the air flow rate and the stroke of the regulating cylinder (5). Based on the predicted air demand of each aerobic zone, the control unit reverse-engineers the reference connection opening of the regulating valve, as well as the size of the air gap (17) and the driving stroke of the regulating cylinder (5) corresponding to the reference opening. The reference opening is used as the core basis for feedforward pre-adjustment to offset the adjustment lag generated during the water quality transmission process in the biological tank and improve the adjustment accuracy.

7. The method for regulating air intake in a biological treatment tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S4 middle, Step S4.

1. The control unit converts the reference connection opening calculated in step S3 into a drive stroke command for the adjusting electric cylinder (5). After receiving the command, the adjusting electric cylinder (5) starts the drive function, controls the change in the size of the air gap (17), and then adjusts the connection opening between the air inlet chamber (9) and the air outlet chamber (10) until the reference opening calculated in S3 is reached. Step S4.

2. After the opening reaches the reference opening, the blower is started and air is delivered to the air inlet chamber (9) of the valve. The air enters the air outlet chamber (10) through the air hole (15) and the air gap (17), and is then evenly delivered to each aerobic reaction zone of the biological tank through the transparent pipe (18) to achieve basic aeration supply and lay the foundation for subsequent precise adjustment. Step S4.

3. During the pre-adjustment process, the control unit receives feedback data from the position sensor on the adjusting electric cylinder (5) in real time, monitors the position of the sealing valve core (16) and the size of the air gap (17), and ensures that the reference opening is adjusted accurately.

8. The method for regulating air intake in a biological treatment tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, step S5.1: The control unit receives the real-time data from the DO sensor and ammonia nitrogen sensor of each aerobic zone in the biochemical tank collected in S2, compares the real-time data with the preset control targets of each zone, and calculates the DO deviation and ammonia nitrogen deviation of each zone. The DO deviation is the difference between the measured DO concentration and the preset DO target value, and the ammonia nitrogen deviation is the difference between the measured ammonia nitrogen concentration and the preset ammonia nitrogen target value. Step S5.

2. Based on the biochemical reaction characteristics of each aerobic zone, the control unit calculates the aperture correction coefficient for each zone using a zone-weighted method: For the high ammonia nitrogen reaction zone, the ammonia nitrogen deviation is the main correction basis, and the DO deviation is the auxiliary correction basis. The ammonia nitrogen deviation is given a higher weight, and the DO deviation is given a lower weight. For conventional aerobic reaction zones, the primary correction basis is DO deviation, and the secondary correction basis is ammonia nitrogen deviation. DO deviation is given a higher weight, while ammonia nitrogen deviation is given a lower weight. For the terminal effluent area, only the DO deviation is used as the correction basis, and the influence of ammonia nitrogen deviation is not considered. The weight of ammonia nitrogen deviation is set to zero. Step S5.

3. After calculating the opening correction coefficient for each zone, the control unit multiplies the baseline opening obtained in S4 with the correction coefficient for each zone to synthesize the final target connection opening of the improved intake valve, ensuring that the opening adjustment can accurately match the actual biochemical reaction requirements of each zone and avoid over-aeration or under-aeration. In step S6, step S6.

1. The control unit converts the final target connection opening degree synthesized in step S5 into a precise drive command for the regulating electric cylinder (5). At the same time, it combines the real-time prediction results of the flow-ammonia nitrogen coupling prediction model and the opening degree correction coefficient to start the closed-loop control logic and realize the precise control of the valve opening degree. Step S6.

2. Adjust the electric cylinder (5) according to the drive command of the control unit, precisely drive the valve core rod (6) to dynamically adjust the size of the air gap (17), thereby precisely controlling the connection opening between the air inlet chamber (9) and the air outlet chamber (10), so that the aeration flow rate is completely matched with the actual air demand of each aerobic zone, and ensures that the biochemical reaction in the pool proceeds stably. Step S6.

3. The control unit monitors the actual opening degree of the valve based on the real-time feedback data of the position sensor of the regulating cylinder (5) and compares it with the final target opening degree. If there is a deviation between the actual opening degree and the target opening degree, the control unit adjusts the driving command of the regulating cylinder (5) in time until the actual opening degree is consistent with the target opening degree. Step S6.

4. The system presets an opening hysteresis range. When the deviation between the final target opening and the current actual opening is less than the hysteresis range, the regulating electric cylinder (5) does not move, thus avoiding frequent start and stop of the regulating electric cylinder (5), extending the service life of the regulating electric cylinder (5) and the sealing valve core (16), and ensuring the stability of the aeration flow rate.

9. The method for regulating air intake in a biological treatment tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S7, during the entire aeration adjustment process, the monitoring component (26) continuously scans and monitors the transparent pipe (18) according to a preset cycle. The specific monitoring process is as follows: the scanning motor (20) starts and drives the transverse lead screw (23) to rotate at a constant speed. The transverse lead screw (23) drives the scanning sliders (21) on both sides to move along the axial direction of the transparent pipe (18). During the movement of the scanning sliders (21), the light-emitting end (22) continuously emits stable light. After the light from the light-emitting end (22) passes through the transparent pipe (18), it is received by the receiving end (25) on the opposite side. The receiving end (25) transmits the received light transmission brightness signal to the control unit in real time. The control unit compares the measured light transmittance with the preset light transmittance threshold. If the measured light transmittance is lower than the preset threshold, it indicates that there is dust or mud accumulation on the inner wall of the transparent pipe (18). The dust and mud accumulation will affect the ventilation efficiency of the transparent pipe (18) and interfere with the subsequent monitoring of the monitoring component (26). At this time, the control unit immediately starts the backwashing system. The backwashing system begins to automatically backwash the transparent pipe (18) until the dust and mud on the inner wall of the transparent pipe (18) are cleaned and the measured light transmittance returns to above the preset threshold. Then the backwashing system stops working. In step S7, step S7.

1. The control unit monitors the feedback data of the differential pressure sensor installed on the valve body (1) in real time, compares the measured differential pressure with the preset differential pressure threshold, and if the measured differential pressure is greater than the preset threshold, it indicates that there is a blockage trend inside the valve. Step S7.

2. The control unit controls the regulating electric cylinder (5) to drive the sealing valve core (16) to make small-amplitude, high-frequency micro-pulse movements. Through the slight movement of the sealing valve core (16), the airflow at the air gap (17) is disturbed, and the impact force of the airflow is used to clean the deposits on the sealing ring (14), the air hole (15) and the surface of the sealing valve core (16).

10. The method for regulating air intake in a biological treatment tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S8, step S8.1: The control unit collects data on effluent DO concentration and effluent ammonia nitrogen concentration from the sensor at the effluent end according to a preset cycle, and calculates the effluent water quality compliance rate, that is, the percentage of time during which the effluent DO concentration and ammonia nitrogen concentration are within the preset qualified range. Step S8.

2. Based on the statistically obtained effluent water quality compliance rate, the control unit starts the self-learning optimization algorithm to adaptively adjust and optimize various control parameters of the system.

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