Combustor tip for rotary combustor

Abstract

The application provides a burner furnace head and a rotary burner. The burner furnace head comprises a furnace head body and a wind distribution cap. The furnace head body is in a bowl-shaped structure. A slag discharge port of the furnace head body is connected with a switch mechanism. Multiple wind distribution holes are uniformly arranged on an inner wall of the furnace head body and are connected with a primary air box. The wind distribution cap is provided with multiple wind distribution caps. Each wind distribution hole is connected with one wind distribution cap. The wind distribution cap covers the wind distribution hole. The wind distribution cap is provided with multiple air guide holes and is connected with the wind distribution hole to change the direction of the primary air. The rotary burner comprises the burner furnace head, a discharge frame and a combustion cone. The application solves the problem of fuel particles or ash particles blocking the ventilation pipeline and the primary air box, saves the labor cleaning cost, changes the blowing path of the primary air, improves the uniformity of the primary air distribution, improves the bed material layer fluidity, realizes the full mixing of the bed material and the combustion air, and achieves the purpose of high-efficiency combustion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of burner technology, and more particularly to a burner head and a rotary burner. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the emission of greenhouse gases, global warming has led to frequent extreme weather events, posing significant challenges to human survival and development. Biomass energy, considered a zero-carbon energy source, has been widely researched and utilized. Rotary burner technology is used in biomass combustion, pyrolysis, and gasification. However, existing technologies have design flaws in the air distribution holes of the burner ducts. Ash can fall into these holes, clogging the ducts and primary air box, causing boiler system shutdowns. This lack of effective protection not only increases manual cleaning costs but also affects the uniformity of airflow distribution and combustion efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. To this end, embodiments of this invention provide a burner head and a rotary burner, which can solve the problem of slag clogging the air duct, reduce manual cleaning costs, improve the uniformity of primary air distribution, and increase combustion efficiency.

[0004] One embodiment of the present invention provides a burner head, comprising: a burner head body and an air distribution cap. The burner head body has a bowl-shaped structure forming a combustion chamber. The burner head body has a feed inlet and a slag discharge outlet. The opening of the bowl-shaped structure serves as the feed inlet of the burner head body. The feed inlet of the burner head body is suitable for introducing fuel and secondary air into the burner head body. The slag discharge outlet of the burner head body is located at the bottom of the burner head body and is connected to a switching mechanism. The inner wall of the burner head body is evenly provided with multiple air distribution holes, which are connected to the primary air box to introduce primary air into the combustion chamber.

[0005] The air vents are provided in multiple ways, with each air vent connected to an air vent. The air vents cover the air vents and have several air guides that are connected to the air vents to change the direction of the primary airflow.

[0006] In some embodiments, a number of air distribution pipes are fixedly connected to the side wall of the burner body, air distribution holes are opened on the air distribution pipes, and air distribution caps are fixedly connected to the air distribution pipes.

[0007] In some embodiments, the air hood has a long, arched structure, and an air guide cavity is formed between the air hood and the air duct for primary air to pass through, with air guide openings located at both ends of the air guide cavity.

[0008] In some embodiments, a primary air box is connected to the bottom of the burner body, and the air distribution pipe is set against the side wall of the burner body. One end of the air distribution pipe is close to the feed inlet of the burner body, and the other end of the air distribution pipe is connected to the primary air box. All the air distribution pipes are arranged radially within the burner body, and the air distribution cap is arranged along the axial direction of the air distribution pipe.

[0009] In some embodiments, the switching mechanism includes a slag discharge plate and a drive mechanism. The slag discharge plate is located inside the furnace head body and covers the slag discharge port of the furnace head body. A gap is left between the slag discharge plate and the slag discharge port of the furnace head body. The drive mechanism is connected to the slag discharge plate to drive the slag discharge plate to move away from the slag discharge port of the furnace head body or to cover the slag discharge port of the furnace head body. The slag discharge port of the furnace head body is connected to the slag discharge box through a slag discharge pipe.

[0010] In some embodiments, a grate is connected to the slag discharge port of the furnace head body, and a gap is left between the slag discharge plate and the grate. The drive mechanism drives the slag discharge plate away from the grate or covers the grate.

[0011] In some embodiments, the edge of the feed inlet of the burner body tapers toward the center of the burner body, forming a constricted structure.

[0012] In some embodiments, the hood is made of 310s material.

[0013] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a rotary burner, including the burner head described above, and a frame. The burner head body is rotatably connected to the inside of the frame. The frame has an opening and a slag discharge port. The slag discharge port of the frame is located at the lowest point of the frame. The opening of the frame is located on one side of the frame and is connected to the feed inlet of the burner head body. The opening of the frame and the feed inlet of the burner head body are inclined upward at the same angle. The opening of the frame is suitable for introducing fuel and secondary air into the combustion chamber of the burner head body. A gap is left between the opening of the frame and the feed inlet of the burner head body for fine ash to pass through.

[0014] In some embodiments, the opening of the frame is fixedly connected to the combustion cone, and the side of the combustion cone has a fuel inlet and a secondary air inlet to introduce fuel and secondary air into the combustion chamber of the burner body. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. in: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the burner head structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the air distribution caps in the burner head according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 An enlarged diagram of the cloth hood in the image; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rotary burner according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure label: 1. Frame; 2. Feed pipe; 3. Secondary air box; 4. Combustion cone; 5. Furnace head body; 6. Air distribution cap; 7. Primary air box; 8. Slag discharge plate; 9. Air distribution pipe; 10. Air distribution hole; 11. Air guide. Detailed Implementation

[0016] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0017] The burner head and rotary burner of embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] like Figures 1-3 As shown, one embodiment of the present invention provides a burner head, comprising: a burner head body 5 and an air distribution cap 6. The burner head body 5 has a bowl-shaped structure, forming a combustion chamber. The burner head body 5 has a feed inlet and a slag discharge outlet. The opening of the bowl-shaped structure is the feed inlet of the burner head body 5. The feed inlet of the burner head body 5 is suitable for introducing fuel and secondary air into the burner head body 5. The slag discharge outlet of the burner head body 5 is located at the bottom of the burner head body 5. The slag discharge outlet of the burner head body 5 is connected to a switching mechanism. A plurality of air distribution holes 10 are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the burner head body 5. The air distribution holes 10 are connected to the primary air box 7 to introduce primary air into the combustion chamber.

[0019] Multiple air hoods 6 are provided, and each air vent 10 is connected to an air hood 6. The air hood 6 covers the air vent 10 and has several air guides 11 that are connected to the air vent 10 to change the direction of the primary airflow.

[0020] This invention, through the installation of an air distribution cap 6, can block the air distribution holes 10, preventing slag and material from falling vertically directly into the holes. This solves the problem of fuel particles or ash particles clogging the ventilation pipes and primary air box 7, reducing the failure rate. Simultaneously, it alters the primary air's blowing path, reducing wind resistance while improving the uniformity of primary air distribution, enhancing the fluidity of the bed material, and achieving thorough mixing of the bed material and combustion air for efficient combustion. This saves on manual cleaning costs, ensures efficient and stable operation of the boiler system, and improves economic benefits.

[0021] The structure of the air distribution cap 6 can be applied to fluidized bed burners. Inside the fluidized bed, the air distribution cap 6 applies a certain resistance to the primary air flow, uniformly distributing the airflow across the radial cross-section of the fluidized bed, ensuring good initial fluidization conditions before the airflow enters the bed. Furthermore, in the case of a stockpile, when the primary air is ejected from both ends of the air distribution cap 6, the airflow forms an air cushion between the bed material and the surface of the air distribution pipe 9, uniformly supporting the bed material to ensure the initial fluidization conditions. The primary air volume is adjusted according to the load (i.e., the thickness of the bed material) to adapt to the air volume required for bed fluidization, achieving efficient fuel combustion.

[0022] The air cap 6 can have various structural forms, such as the shape of the air cap 6, the position, shape and number of the air guide 11, etc., and the structure of the air cap 6 can be matched according to the type of fluidized bed.

[0023] It should be noted that the range of fuels to be selected is: a variety of solid combustibles or a mixture of fuels with a calorific value greater than 5 MJ / kg and a size of less than 20 cm, specifically including: (1) Industrial waste: chemical waste residue, plastic products, industrial sludge, rubber products, sawdust, plywood, mine waste (such as gangue), coal chemical derivatives (such as semi-coke), etc.; (2) Agricultural, forestry and animal husbandry waste: straw, tree branches, corn cobs, rice husks, livestock manure, biomass briquettes, etc.; (3) Municipal waste: domestic waste, municipal sludge, medical waste, etc.

[0024] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, several air distribution pipes 9 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the burner body 5, air distribution holes 10 are opened on the air distribution pipes 9, and air distribution caps 6 are fixedly connected to the air distribution pipes 9.

[0025] Furthermore, the air cap 6 and the air duct 9 are fully welded together to ensure that the air duct 9 fits snugly against the wall and that the weld is airtight.

[0026] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the air hood 6 has a long, arched structure (or a hollow semi-cylindrical structure). The air hood 6 and the air duct 9 form an air guide cavity for primary air to pass through, and the air guide ports 11 are located at both ends of the air guide cavity.

[0027] The primary air is first ejected from the air distribution hole 10, and then dispersed in a fan shape from both ends of the air distribution cap 6 along the wall of the air distribution pipe 9, which improves the contact efficiency between the primary air and the bed material.

[0028] Furthermore, the fabric hood 6 has an arc of 180°, a radius of 6mm, and a length-to-width ratio of 5:1.

[0029] In some embodiments, a primary air box 7 is connected to the bottom of the furnace head body 5, and an air distribution duct 9 is disposed against the side wall of the furnace head body 5. One end of the air distribution duct 9 is close to the feed inlet of the furnace head body 5, and the other end of the air distribution duct 9 is connected to the primary air box 7. All the air distribution ducts 9 are arranged radially within the furnace head body 5, and the air distribution cap 6 is arranged along the axial direction of the air distribution duct 9. This further improves the contact efficiency between the primary air and the bed material.

[0030] Furthermore, each air distribution duct 9 is provided with two rows of air distribution holes 10 arranged side by side.

[0031] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the switching mechanism includes a slag discharge plate 8 and a drive mechanism. The slag discharge plate 8 is located inside the burner body 5 and covers the slag discharge port of the burner body 5. The drive mechanism is connected to the slag discharge plate 8 to drive the slag discharge plate 8 to move away from the slag discharge port of the burner body 5 or to cover the slag discharge port of the burner body 5. The slag discharge port of the burner body 5 is connected to the slag discharge box through a slag discharge pipe. When the slag discharge plate 8 covers the slag discharge port of the burner body 5, the slag discharge plate 8 and the slag discharge port of the burner body 5 are not tightly fitted. There is a gap between the slag discharge plate 8 and the slag discharge port of the burner body 5, which allows the fine slag and coarse ash generated by the pyrolysis of fuel in the burner body 5 to pass through and fall into the slag discharge box for discharge.

[0032] Furthermore, the drive mechanism can be an electric screw mechanism or a hydraulic mechanism.

[0033] Furthermore, the drive mechanism can be operated remotely.

[0034] Furthermore, the drive mechanism has a built-in battery box, which can be detachably connected to a high-capacity battery, eliminating the need for an external power cable and avoiding complicated wiring.

[0035] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, a grate is connected to the slag discharge port of the burner body 5. The drive mechanism drives the slag discharge plate 8 away from the grate or covers the grate. The slag discharge plate 8 and the grate are not tightly fitted together; there is a gap between the slag discharge plate 8 and the grate, which allows the fine slag and coarse ash generated by the pyrolysis of fuel in the burner body 5 to pass through and fall into the slag discharge box for discharge.

[0036] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1-2 As shown, the edge of the feed inlet of the burner body 5 tapers towards the center of the burner body 5, forming a constricted structure. This facilitates the collection of fine ash generated from the pyrolysis and combustion of fuel within the burner body 5, which is then blown into the combustion cone 4 with the pyrolysis gas, preventing the fine ash from being blown away to the periphery of the burner body 5.

[0037] In some embodiments, the fabric hood 6 is made of 310s material. This material matches that of the fabric duct 9, ensuring wear resistance and high-temperature resistance, and helping to extend the service life of the fabric hood 6.

[0038] like Figure 4 As shown, another embodiment of the present invention proposes a rotary burner, including the burner head described above, and also including a frame 1. The burner head body 5 is rotatably connected to the inside of the frame 1. The frame 1 has an opening and a slag discharge port. The slag discharge port of the frame 1 is located at the lowest point of the frame 1. The opening of the frame 1 is located on one side of the frame 1 and is connected to the feed port of the burner head body 5. The opening of the frame 1 and the feed port of the burner head body 5 are inclined upward at the same angle. The opening of the frame 1 is suitable for introducing fuel and secondary air into the combustion chamber of the burner head body 5. A gap is left between the opening of the frame 1 and the feed port of the burner head body 5 for fine ash to pass through.

[0039] As the bed material rotates with the burner body 5 and flows through the air distribution cap 6, the flow resistance decreases, preventing disruption of the bed material's flow state. The arrangement of the air distribution cap 6 promotes radial and axial mixing of the bed material and uniform air distribution, thereby improving fuel combustion efficiency.

[0040] Furthermore, the means of rotating the burner body 5 include, but are not limited to, the following: (1) The primary air box 7 can be rotatably connected to the bottom of the burner body 5 via a bearing. The primary air box 7 is fixedly connected to the frame 1, and the burner body 5 is connected to a motor, which drives the burner body 5 to rotate around its own axis. (2) The primary air box 7 can be fixedly connected to the burner body 5, and the primary air box 7 and the frame 1 are rotatably connected via a bearing. The burner body 5 is connected to a motor via a transmission mechanism, or the primary air box 7 is connected to a motor, and the motor drives the burner body 5 and the primary air box 7 to rotate synchronously around their own axis. In the above two methods, the motor is an adjustable speed motor, and the motor can also be replaced by a reducer.

[0041] It should be noted that the primary air box 7 is located next to the slag discharge plate 8, and their operation does not interfere with each other. Figure 1 From the perspective of the furnace head body 5, the ash discharge plate 8 is located in front of the primary air box 7. The ash discharge port of the furnace head body 5 is connected to the ash discharge frame 1. The ash discharged from the ash discharge port of the furnace head body 5 enters the ash discharge frame 1 and is then discharged outward from the ash discharge port of the ash discharge frame 1 by the gravity of the ash itself.

[0042] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the opening of the frame 1 is fixedly connected to the combustion cone 4. The side of the combustion cone 4 has a fuel inlet and a secondary air inlet to introduce fuel and secondary air into the combustion chamber of the burner body 5.

[0043] Working process: Fuel enters the rotating furnace head body 5. Primary air (oxygen-deficient) enters the combustion chamber of the furnace head body 5 through the air distribution cap 6. The functions of the primary air include: fluidizing the fuel particles, providing oxygen required for fuel pyrolysis, cooling the furnace head body 5, and preventing overheating. Under the combined action of the rotation of the furnace head body 5 and the fluidization of the primary air, the fuel particles and the pre-introduced bed material are in a near-fluid state. The fuel particles and the high-temperature bed material mix rapidly, continuously tumbling, igniting from multiple sides, and undergoing oxygen-deficient combustion in the oxygen-deficient environment.

[0044] Secondary air enters the burner body 5 tangentially from the top of the combustion cone 4 and forms a strong swirling downward airflow along the side wall of the combustion cone 4. The secondary airflow descends to the fuel layer in the burner body 5 and then moves upward from the middle of the combustion cone 4. The pyrolysis gas generated by the combustion of fuel in the burner body 5 enters the combustion cone 4 under the suction of the secondary air and continuously mixes with the secondary air for complete combustion.

[0045] The fine slag and coarse ash generated by the pyrolysis of fuel in the furnace head body 5 leak from the gap between the slag discharge plate 8 and the grate into the cavity between the inner wall of the rack frame 1 and the furnace head body 5. The fine ash generated by the pyrolysis and combustion of fuel enters the combustion cone 4 with the pyrolysis gas. Under the centrifugal action of the strong swirling secondary air, it comes into contact with the wall of the combustion cone 4 and falls from the gap between the furnace head body 5 and the rack frame 1 into the cavity between the inner wall of the rack frame 1 and the furnace head body 5. Then, by its own gravity, the fine ash falls from the slag discharge port of the rack frame 1 into the slag box. The coarse slag, a small amount of coke, and non-combustible impurities generated by the pyrolysis of fuel in the furnace head body 5 can be intermittently discharged into the cavity between the inner wall of the rack frame 1 and the furnace head body 5 by driving the slag discharge plate 8 away from the slag discharge port of the furnace head body 5. The fine slag, coarse ash, coarse slag, a small amount of coke, and non-combustible impurities are collectively referred to as ash and slag, which are finally discharged outward through the slag discharge port of the rack frame 1.

[0046] Furthermore, the fuel inlet is connected to the feed pipe 2, and a flap valve is connected to the feed pipe 2 to control the fuel delivery rate. The secondary air inlet is connected to the secondary air box 3.

[0047] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0048] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0049] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0050] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0051] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0052] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A burner head, characterized in that, include: The burner head body has a bowl-shaped structure, forming a combustion chamber. The burner head body has a feed inlet and a slag discharge outlet. The opening of the bowl-shaped structure is the feed inlet of the burner head body. The feed inlet of the burner head body is suitable for introducing fuel and secondary air into the burner head body. The slag discharge outlet of the burner head body is located at the bottom of the burner head body and is connected to a switching mechanism. The inner wall of the burner head body is evenly provided with multiple air distribution holes, which are connected to the primary air box to introduce primary air into the combustion chamber. A fabric vent is provided, wherein multiple fabric vents are provided, and each fabric vent is connected to a fabric vent. The fabric vents cover the fabric vents and have several air guides that are connected to the fabric vents to change the direction of the primary airflow.

2. The burner head according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several air distribution pipes are fixedly connected to the side wall of the burner body, the air distribution holes are opened on the air distribution pipes, and the air distribution caps are fixedly connected to the air distribution pipes.

3. The burner head according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fabric hood has a long, arched structure, and an air guide cavity is formed between the fabric hood and the fabric duct for primary air to pass through. The air guide openings are located at both ends of the air guide cavity.

4. The burner head according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the burner head body is connected to a primary air box. The air distribution pipe is set against the side wall of the burner head body. One end of the air distribution pipe is close to the feed inlet of the burner head body, and the other end of the air distribution pipe is connected to the primary air box. All the air distribution pipes are arranged radially within the burner head body, and the air distribution cap is arranged along the axial direction of the air distribution pipe.

5. The burner head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching mechanism includes a slag discharge plate and a driving mechanism. The slag discharge plate is located inside the furnace head body and covers the slag discharge port of the furnace head body. A gap is left between the slag discharge plate and the slag discharge port of the furnace head body. The driving mechanism is connected to the slag discharge plate to drive the slag discharge plate to move away from the slag discharge port of the furnace head body or to cover the slag discharge port of the furnace head body. The slag discharge port of the furnace head body is connected to the slag discharge box through a slag discharge pipe.

6. The burner head according to claim 5, characterized in that, A grate is connected to the slag discharge port of the furnace head body. A gap is left between the slag discharge plate and the grate. The driving mechanism drives the slag discharge plate away from the grate or covers the grate.

7. The burner head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The edge of the feed inlet of the furnace head body narrows towards the center of the furnace head body, forming a narrowed structure.

8. The burner head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fabric hood is made of 310s material.

9. A rotary burner, characterized in that, The burner head, including any one of claims 1-8, further includes a frame, the burner head body being rotatably connected to the interior of the frame, the frame having an opening and a slag discharge port, the slag discharge port being located at the lowest point of the frame, the opening of the frame being located on one side of the frame and connected to the feed inlet of the burner head body, the opening of the frame and the feed inlet of the burner head body being inclined upwards at equal angles, the opening of the frame being adapted to introduce fuel and secondary air into the combustion chamber of the burner head body, and a gap being left between the opening of the frame and the feed inlet of the burner head body for the passage of fine ash.

10. The rotary burner according to claim 9, characterized in that, The opening of the frame is fixedly connected to the combustion cone, and the side of the combustion cone has a fuel inlet and a secondary air inlet to introduce fuel and secondary air into the combustion chamber of the burner body.

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