Method for modulating the power drawn by a water electrolysis plant and electrolysis plant employing such a method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a water electrolysis plant (P) comprising a plurality of electrolysis clusters (Ci) operating at respective electric power set values (P i k ). The plant comprises a supervising unit (SU) for operating the plant (P) according to a power network flexibility signal (FS k ), the supervising unit (SU) comprising a modulation controller (MOD) for synchronously modulating the electric power drawn by the plant (P) from a power network (NET) according to a preset arrangement, a priority sequencer (SEQ) for establishing the preset arrangement asynchronously with the modulation controller (MOD), and a regulator module (REG) for regulating the actual power (P k ) drawn by the plant.

Description

Invention Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for modulating electrical power drawn from a power grid via a water electrolysis facility. The invention also relates to an electrolysis facility employing this method. Background of the Invention

[0002] Gaseous hydrogen can be produced using water electrolyzers (such as alkaline water electrolyzers, PEM water electrolyzers, or solid oxide water electrolyzers). In such systems, a direct current is passed through an electrolyte located between two electrodes to produce hydrogen in the electrolyzer. The individual units are typically stacked to amplify the electrolytic reaction, and the amount of hydrogen produced is usually proportional to the DC current passing through the stack.

[0003] Existing water electrolysis facilities are typically designed to maximize hydrogen production with minimal energy consumption. Each stack is designed for a stable current input that provides the maximum hydrogen flow rate with reasonable overall energy efficiency.

[0004] Large-scale and low-cost hydrogen production using water electrolysis can be achieved in facilities connected to an electricity grid (i.e., the power grid) and designed to reach scales of tens of MW, hundreds of MW, or even larger. Such facilities can combine several independent and controllable electrolysis clusters. Each cluster may include, for example, multiple electrolysis reactors, transformer and rectifier units for supplying direct current to these electrolysis reactors, and electrolysis process units for collecting and separating the gases produced by these electrolysis reactors.

[0005] This large-scale facility is expected to provide energy flexibility to the power grid it is connected to and meet the network’s requirements: grid services, such as primary, secondary, or tertiary reserves; network congestion management; direct connection to renewable energy sources via microgrids; monitoring of power purchase agreements; and energy price optimization.

[0006] These applications require controlling the active power consumed by the facility on the power grid, and therefore the current flowing through the electrolytic reactor of the facility, for purposes that may differ from the sole criterion of energy efficiency. Purpose of the invention

[0007] In this context, there is a need for a control system for a water electrolysis facility that can dynamically modulate the power drawn from the power grid and thus manage the operation of the electrolysis cluster that constitutes the facility. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Therefore, the present invention relates to a water electrolysis facility connected to a power grid, the facility comprising multiple electrolysis clusters operating at corresponding power setpoints, and a monitoring unit for operating the facility according to power grid flexibility signals, the monitoring unit comprising:

[0009] - A modulation controller for modulating electrical power drawn by the facility from the power grid in synchronization with a clock that defines a continuous sampling time (k), the modulation controller comprising:

[0010] i. A conversion module configured to determine the target modulation power of the facility based on the flexibility signal in the first step;

[0011] ii. A selector module configured to perform a second step of selecting at least one cluster according to a preset arrangement and applying a modulation power setting to the selected cluster;

[0012] - A priority sequencer, used to establish a preset arrangement asynchronously with the modulation controller; and

[0013] - Regulator module, which is used to regulate the actual power drawn by the facility.

[0014] Further, non-limiting features of the invention, which may be employed alone or in any technically feasible combination, include:

[0015] - This selector module is also configured to select a preset arrangement from a number of preset arrangements;

[0016] - This priority sequencer defines the electrolysis cluster as part of multiple preset arrangements;

[0017] - This priority sequencer defines the order of the electrolysis clusters as part of multiple preset arrangements;

[0018] - This priority sequencer defines the call weight for each electrolysis cluster as part of multiple preset arrangements;

[0019] - The priority sequencer includes an optimization module for preparing the multiple preset arrangements based on predefined performance indices of the facilities;

[0020] - The priority sequencer includes a scheduler associated with the optimization module, which stores the plurality of preset arrangements;

[0021] -These multiple preset arrangements include:

[0022] ● Slow operation mode: In slow operation mode, clusters are selected sequentially and the current power setting is modified sequentially to match the target power; and

[0023] ● Quick Operation Mode: In quick operation mode, select the cluster and modify the current power setting value to match the target power.

[0024] - This selector module is configured to select a preset arrangement based on a gradient signal;

[0025] - The first step involves applying a gain or transfer function to the flexibility signal to determine the target modulation power of the facility;

[0026] - Flexibility signals are provided by the operators of the power network;

[0027] - Flexibility signals are established based on electrical signals provided by the power grid;

[0028] - This regulator module uses measurements of the actual power drawn by the facility.

[0029] According to another aspect, the present invention proposes a method for modulating electrical power drawn from a power grid via a water electrolysis facility, the facility comprising multiple electrolysis clusters operating at corresponding electrical power setpoints, and a monitoring unit for operating the facility according to power grid flexibility signals, the method comprising:

[0030] - The modulation controller of the monitoring unit synchronously modulates the electrical power drawn by the facility from the power grid in the following manner:

[0031] i. In the first step, determine the target modulation power of the facility based on the flexibility signal;

[0032] ii. Perform the second step of selecting at least one cluster according to the preset arrangement and applying the modulation power setting value to the selected cluster;

[0033] - A preset arrangement is established asynchronously by the priority sequencer of the supervisory unit (SU) and the modulation of the electrical power drawn by the facility; and

[0034] - The actual power drawn by the facility is regulated by the regulator module of the supervisory unit (SU). Attached Figure Description

[0035] Many other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, by reading the following detailed description, in which:

[0036] - [ Figure 1 ][ Figure 1 The invention illustrates a water electrolysis apparatus according to the present invention;

[0037] - [ Figure 2 ][ Figure 2 This illustrates an electrolysis cluster of a water electrolysis facility according to the present invention;

[0038] - [ Figure 3 ][ Figure 3 The monitoring unit of the water electrolysis facility according to the present invention is shown;

[0039] - [ Figure 4 ][ Figure 4 Two preset layouts are shown. Detailed Implementation

[0040] [ Figure 1 [] indicates an exemplary water electrolysis facility P compatible with the present invention. Facility P produces hydrogen (H2) from supply water W.

[0041] Facility P is connected to an electricity network NET, which may correspond to, for example, a national or continental power grid. The facility may also be a local network (“microgrid”) that connects a water electrolysis facility to, for example, a renewable energy power plant (such as a wind farm, a photovoltaic power plant, a hydroelectric power plant, or an ocean energy power plant).

[0042] Electrical power is typically distributed to facility P via high-voltage or medium-voltage (greater than 20 kV) AC transmission lines, but the invention is not limited to this configuration and covers any facility powered by any type of power distribution.

[0043] exist[ Figure 1 In the facility P represented, two transformer units TU are connected to the power network NET. Each transformer unit TU provides operating power to the multiple water electrolysis clusters C to which it is connected. The transformer unit TU may include high-voltage or medium-voltage (e.g., greater than 20 kV) to low-voltage (e.g., about 400 V) transformers and switchgear, as is well known in the art. More generally, the facility P according to the invention may include one or more transformer units TU, or may be directly connected to a medium-voltage or low-voltage network, making the transformer units TU not necessary.

[0044] The feed water W supplied to facility P is treated by a demineralization and purification unit DU to remove excess mineral concentration and provide suitable water quality for the electrolyte fed into the electrolytic reactor. The demineralization and purification unit DU may include several purification steps, including, for example, activated coal filtration, reverse osmosis, and deionization of the feed water.

[0045] Hydrogen supplied by electrolysis cluster C is collected and processed by the purification and drying unit (PDU) of facility P. Facility P may have multiple such units, but it is generally advantageous to share this processing among the maximum number of electrolysis clusters C. The purification and drying unit (PDU) purifies the wet hydrogen leaving electrolysis cluster C by removing residual oxygen and water to achieve the desired purity level, such as up to 99% or higher. This can be done by catalytic combustion of residual oxygen with hydrogen, and by removing water through, for example, temperature-switched adsorption using an adsorption bed.

[0046] Hydrogen supplied by the purification and drying unit (PDU) can be compressed, stored, injected into hydrogen pipelines for its distribution or used by any other means.

[0047] Facility P may include other common auxiliary equipment besides purification and drying units (PDUs) and transformer units (TUs) serving multiple electrolysis clusters C.

[0048] Facility P is operated by a monitoring unit SU, which will be described in more detail later in this specification. Specifically, the monitoring unit SU supplies electrical power setpoints to the various electrolysis clusters C of facility P. The monitoring unit may be formed by a computer system including one or more processing units connected to one or more memory units, as known in the art. Each element of facility P is equipped with appropriate sensors to provide data required for operating the facility, and the collected data is stored in the storage space of the monitoring unit SU (in […]). Figure 3 [It is marked as MEM in ]

[0049] According to an important aspect of the invention, facility P comprises several electrolysis clusters Ci, which can be operated independently of each other by a supervisory unit SU. Each electrolysis cluster Ci includes at least one electrolytic stack S (in […] Figure 2 (The example in the image shows four units), and this at least one electrolytic stack decomposes the supplied electrolyte into oxygen and hydrogen. As mentioned in the introduction, the stack S is formed by a large number of electrolytic unit cells, each of which performs an electrochemical reaction by passing a direct current through an electrolyte located between two electrodes. The unit cells and the electrolytic stack can perform any type of electrolysis, such as alkaline water electrolysis, PEM electrolysis, or solid oxide electrolysis. The stack can be designed to provide a rated power typically ranging from 500 kW to 6 MW.

[0050] Depending on the number of stacks S in the cluster Ci, such a cluster can therefore have a rated power typically ranging from 500 kW to 50 MW, and often selected between 1 MW and 5 MW.

[0051] refer to[ Figure 2 Each cluster Ci includes a transformer and rectifier unit TRU, which supplies DC current of the correct strength and voltage level to the stack S. The transformer (e.g., oil-immersed or dry-type) converts the power supplied by the facility's facility transformer unit TU to a level of approximately 400 V, typically used for operating the stack S, where necessary. The transformer may be configured with multiple secondary circuits to be associated with multiple stacks S, provided that the cluster actually includes multiple such stacks S. A rectifier (e.g., thyristor-type IGBTs) is located downstream of the transformer in the transformer and rectifier unit TRU to supply operating DC current to the stack S.

[0052] Each cluster Ci also includes a power controller PC (or associated with it), which is connected on one side to the supervisory unit SU and on the other side to the transformer and rectifier unit TRU. The power converter PC also receives measurements M collected in the cluster. k For example, the current and voltage measurements for each stack S in the cluster Ci. The power controller PC forms a feedback controller (a simple PID controller or a more complex multivariable feedback controller), which is based on the measured value M. k Establish the current setting i that should be applied to heap S. k This power is then supplied to the transformer and rectifier unit (TRU) to enable the cluster to operate at the cluster power setpoint P applied by the supervisory unit (SU). i k The following steps will be performed.

[0053] Although the power controllers PC are presented as being integrated into each electrolysis cluster Ci, these power controllers can alternatively be considered as part of the supervisory unit SU. In all cases, each cluster Ci of facility P is associated with a power controller PC. Therefore, under the control of the supervisory unit (SU), the power controller PC operates according to the cluster power setpoint P. i k To adjust the operational load of cluster Ci.

[0054] Return to reference [ Figure 2 As generally described, cluster C also includes an electrolyzer process unit (EPU) that prepares the electrolyte for circulation into the stack S and separates the resulting gas from the liquid electrolyte extracted from the stack S. The EPU may include an electrolyte pump for circulating the electrolyte through the stack, a heat exchanger for cooling the electrolyte, and a liquid / gas separator.

[0055] During operation, the supervisory unit SU prepares the cluster power setpoint P at any given time k. i k This is then transmitted to each cluster Ci. Each of these settings includes a value between the nominal power of the cluster Ci and its standby power. Therefore, it depends on its current cluster power setting P. i k The nominal power and standby power are given, and each cluster Ci presents power up-adjustment potential (the difference between the nominal power and its current power setting) and power down-adjustment potential (the difference between its current power setting and its standby power).

[0056] As mentioned in the introduction to this disclosure, the facility P conforming to the present invention is intended to provide energy flexibility to the power network NET to which it is connected and to meet the requirements of the network, i.e., to operate the facility in a manner beneficial to the power network NET. The electrical power drawn by facility P from the power network NET can be modulated, i.e., increased or decreased by utilizing the power up-regulation and power down-regulation potential of the electrolytic cluster, depending on the needs of the power network NET.

[0057] The following dimensions characterize these requirements:

[0058] - Power potential: The amount of power (up or down) that should be applied to the current power setting of facility P;

[0059] -Dynamic: The expected time response to the required increase or decrease in power drawn by the facility, such as time delay, response time, overshoot, stability, accuracy, etc.;

[0060] - Energy content: Considering process constraints and limitations, namely the given duration under a given power setpoint, the maximum time under a turndown value, the maximum time under hot standby, etc., the virtual energy inventory to be reduced or incentivized;

[0061] - Event rate: The frequency (or related amount) that may require power modulation.

[0062] Power network demand is met through so-called "flexibility signals" (FS). k The flexibility signal can be provided to facility P by the power network operator, for example, in the form of a cut-off activation signal, or it can be obtained from an electrical signal provided by the power network.

[0063] In some instances, the flexibility signal can be a so-called "frequency restraint reserve" (FCR) or "first-level reserve," which is based on the nominal frequency of the electrical signal provided by the network from the frequency shift DF. k Calculations show that FS k =DF k / 200 MHz. Modulating the power drawn by facility P according to this flexibility signal can help stabilize the power grid frequency. Other signals can also be used as the basis for modulating the power drawn by the facility; these other signals may be the so-called secondary reserve (aFRR signal – “Automatic Frequency Recovery Reserve”) or tertiary reserve (mFRR signal – “Manual Frequency Repair Reserve”) signals directly from the network operator.

[0064] In other instances, the flexibility signal may correspond to the available power provided by a generator (i.e., a renewable energy power plant) on the local power network NET, where both the generator and facility P are connected.

[0065] In other instances, flexibility signals can be obtained from the power available to facility P on the network according to an electricity purchase agreement.

[0066] Flexibility signals can also be combined using different methods: a reduction activation signal provided by the operator and modulation obtained directly from the power grid.

[0067] In all cases, the flexibility signal at each time k establishes the network NET relative to the facility's current power level P. k The original value of the expected modulation power DP. It can be expressed as an absolute or relative value, that is, the modulation power DP divided by the nominal power P of the facility P. nom Or preferably divided by the committed power P of facility P. comit This committed power corresponds to the maximum power that the owner of facility P commits to modulate to serve the network. This committed power can be fixed over time, or it can vary according to a pre-agreed schedule, or it can vary "on-site".

[0068] According to the present invention, the supervisory unit SU is configured to first address the "power potential" and "dynamic" dimensions (primary requirements) of the power network NET's flexibility needs with good responsiveness. This is achieved through the modulation controller MOD of the supervisory unit SU, which modulates the electrical power drawn by the facility P from the power network NET according to the evolution of the flexibility signal.

[0069] The two other dimensions mentioned above, “energy content” and “event rate” (minor requirements), are decoupled from these immediate primary requirements and are processed asynchronously by the priority sequencer SEQ.

[0070] [ Figure 3 The image shows a supervisory unit SU that implements this network flexibility strategy. This supervisory unit includes components for communicating with the flexibility signal FS. k The modulation controller MOD synchronously considers the primary requirements and the priority sequencer SEQ asynchronously addresses the secondary requirements.

[0071] The modulation controller MOD operates synchronously with a clock whose period is typically between 10 ms and 10 s, preferably between 100 ms and 1 s, and this clock defines the continuous sampling time k.

[0072] "Asynchronously" means that the priority sequencer SEQ provides its results at a continuous time period that is not defined by a clock that defines the continuous sampling time k of the modulation controller MOD.

[0073] The modulation controller MOD includes a conversion module CONV, which is used to convert the sampled flexibility signal FS. k Determine the target modulation power (DTP) of facility P.k (Refered as “target power” in the remainder of this specification).

[0074] The conversion module CONV forms a conversion block that applies the transfer function to the flexibility signal FS. k This can be preprocessed and / or filtered, or more simply, a gain can be applied to the signal to provide the target power DTP in real time. k Signals. For example, the conversion module CONV can filter out the flexibility signal FS. k The high-frequency variation. The transfer function can be linear or nonlinear.

[0075] Continue to [ Figure 3 As described in the example above, the supervisory unit SU advantageously further includes a gradient module GM, which is used to determine the target power signal DTP. k gradient value G k The gradient module GM can be used to select sufficient responsiveness to power plant modulation, i.e., the "dynamic" dimension of the power network (NET) flexibility requirements.

[0076] The supervisory unit SU further includes a selector module SEL downstream of the gradient module GM. Generally, the selector module is configured to select a preset arrangement from a plurality of preset arrangements, which is used to modulate each cluster C. i Power setting value DP i k This makes the total modulation power correspond to the target power DTP. k .

[0077] The preset layout defines the available electrolytic clusters from which the modulation facility should utilize its power and the target power DTP to be shared among the clusters. k Rules that should be followed. For example, a preset arrangement may define the order in which certain electrolysis clusters are called (i.e., which clusters should be modulated sequentially to match the target power) or the call weight of each electrolysis cluster as part of the preset arrangement (i.e., how the target power should be distributed among the clusters when all these clusters are modulated simultaneously).

[0078] In a preferred embodiment, one preset arrangement corresponds to a slow operation mode, and another preset arrangement corresponds to a fast operation mode. The selector module SEL can adjust the gradient signal G. k Choose one of these two modes.

[0079] For example, if the gradient signal G k If the absolute value is below a predefined threshold, the selector module selects the slow operation mode. In slow operation mode, such as in […] Figure 4The left side of the image shows a preset arrangement consisting of four clusters, where clusters C are sequentially set according to the preset arrangement order. i Modulation power setting value DP i k To match the target power DTP defined by the flexibility signal. k If the power potential of the first selected cluster is exceeded (adjusted up or down), the power setting of the other cluster is set to match the target power DTP. k .

[0080] If the gradient value (in absolute terms) is higher than a predefined threshold, the selector module SEL selects the fast operation mode. In fast operation mode, such as [ Figure 4 The right side of the image shows the power setpoints DP for multiple clusters. i k Simultaneously configure (possibly using call weights defined by a preset layout) to jointly match the target power DTP defined by the flexibility signal. k .

[0081] The slow operation mode forms a first preset arrangement, which provides a list of ordered clusters whose power settings should be set sequentially to match the target power DTP. k The fast operation mode forms a second preset layout, which provides a list of clusters and possible call weights. The power settings of these clusters should be updated simultaneously to match the target power DTP. k。

[0082] Slow operation mode and fast operation mode constitute two preferred preset arrangements, which allow adjustment of the dynamic response of facility P to flexibility signals. However, the present invention may include different or additional preset arrangements.

[0083] In this overall context, the selector module SEL is configured to perform the following steps at each time k: select at least one cluster Cj from multiple clusters Ci in facility P according to a preset arrangement and set the modulation power setting DPj. k Apply to the selected cluster Cj.

[0084] The modulation controller MOD responds to the flexibility signal within one clock cycle to provide the modulation power setpoint DPj. k This is then applied to the selected cluster. Because the selection and modification are performed according to a pre-defined layout, these steps can be executed quickly within a single clock cycle.

[0085] The preset arrangement can be in the form of a table, matrix, or function, which makes the given target power DTP kThe cluster power setting P of the selected cluster Cj j k Related.

[0086] Note that at a given time, all electrolytic clusters Ci may be unavailable to facilitate power modulation, and they may not be in the same state or at the same level of degradation, or they may need to be placed in maintenance mode, making it difficult to determine which electrolytic cluster Ci should participate in facility power modulation. Furthermore, many different possibilities exist for matching the desired modulation. Sharing power objectives among multiple clusters can be performed with equivalent or different call weights. Depending on the objectives pursued (e.g., efficiency, productivity, cluster call, etc.), the actual state of the clusters (operating close to their nominal power or close to their standby power), or variations and / or amplitudes of flexibility signals, one approach may be biased towards another.

[0087] For this purpose, the supervisory unit SU includes a priority sequencer SEQ, which is used asynchronously with the modulation controller MOD to determine which clusters should, and possibly, be incorporated into the preset arrangement according to which order and according to which call weights.

[0088] The priority sequencer SEQ is fed real-time process data collected from various elements of facility P and stored in the storage space MEM of the supervisory unit SU.

[0089] The Optimization Module (OPT) uses real-time process data to create a pre-defined layout based on a given scenario. This scenario can be requested and prepared by the scheduler (SCH) or by the facility operator.

[0090] For example, a given scenario could correspond to a fast operating mode: the optimization module OPT determines which electrolysis clusters should be invoked to provide a rapid response to changes in modulation power demand while optimizing the selected performance index. The optimization module can also provide the invocation weight of each of these clusters along with a list of electrolysis clusters.

[0091] The given scenario can also correspond to a slow operating mode: the optimization module OPT determines which electrolytic clusters should be invoked to provide power modulation for minute variations in modulation power requirements while optimizing the selected performance index. In this case, the optimization module also provides the order in which each cluster should be activated sequentially.

[0092] More generally, the optimization module may include a numerical model (digital twin) of facility P and perform multi-criteria optimization based on the following performance indices, as specified, for example, in a scenario provided by the scheduler:

[0093] - Facility efficiency (hydrogen production per unit of energy): Facility efficiency combines many different aspects (DC efficiency, Faraday efficiency, power conversion efficiency, auxiliary efficiency).

[0094] -H2 production rate: For higher hydrogen production rates, it is better to set the power fluctuations to be close to the nominal power setpoint of the electrolysis cluster.

[0095] - Imbalance between clusters: Various imbalance indicators can be set as energy imbalance (power integral), operating time imbalance, operating voltage imbalance, etc. Limits are defined for imbalance indicators that release the regulating cluster (i.e., part of the preset arrangement) or reset the calling order of the preset arrangement.

[0096] - Hot standby time: The duration is monitored if the cluster is in standby mode (set value lower than the adjusted value). A stopped cluster can be restarted and swapped with another cluster. The adjusted value time can also be monitored.

[0097] - Automatic rotation: Scheduled rollout of the cluster can be configured to rotate heap power calls, for example, to balance heap degradation levels. Automatic rotation may also occur due to unexpected cluster standby, then reset the cluster order (e.g., N-1 mode).

[0098] As already mentioned, the priority sequencer SEQ also includes a scheduler module SCH. The scheduler module SCH uses the optimization module OPT to prepare a preset layout for use by the selector module SEL.

[0099] The scheduler module SCH stores multiple preset arrangements, and the selector module MOD selects the preset arrangement that best suits the current situation from these multiple preset arrangements (e.g., selecting a fast or slow operation mode based on a gradient signal, as described above).

[0100] The scheduler can, for example, make periodic requests to the optimization module OPT to update the preset layout or provide a new preset layout.

[0101] Return to reference [ Figure 3 The monitoring unit also includes a regulator module REG, which is used to control the power relative to the facility's target power setpoint TP. k The actual power P of the regulating facility k The target power setpoint is the target modulation power DTP. k Adjustment. Actual power P k It can be estimated and / or measured based on the collected data, and compared with the target modulation power DTP. k Adjusted target power setting value TP kAny discrepancies can be corrected via feedback control in the power controller PC associated with the electrolysis cluster Ci. The regulator module REG typically stabilizes the facility power within minutes to 10 minutes or 1 hour.

[0102] By combining the synchronous modulation controller MOD, the asynchronous priority sequencer SEQ, and the regulator module REG, the supervisory unit SU can operate facility P according to the flexibility requirements of the power network without unduly compromising facility performance and operational stability.

[0103] By studying the accompanying drawings, disclosures, and appended claims, those skilled in the art can understand and implement other variations of the disclosed examples when practicing the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A water electrolysis facility (P) connected to an electricity network (NET), said facility (P) including a corresponding power setting (P0). i k Multiple electrolysis clusters (Ci) operating under [the specified], and for use according to power grid flexibility signals (FS). k The monitoring unit (SU) that operates the facility (P) includes: - A modulation controller (MOD) for modulating the electrical power drawn by the facility (P) from the power network (NET) in synchronization with a clock defining a continuous sampling time (k), the modulation controller (MOD) comprising: i. A conversion module (CONV) configured to, in the first step, determine the flexibility signal (FS) based on... k Determine the target modulation power (DTP) of the facility (P). k ); i. A selector module (SEL) configured to select at least one cluster (Cj) according to a preset arrangement and set the modulation power setting (DPj). k The second step is applied to the selected cluster (Cj); ii. A priority sequencer (SEQ) for establishing the preset arrangement asynchronously with the modulation controller (MOD); and iii. Regulator module (REG), the regulator module being used to regulate the actual power (P) drawn by the facility. k ).

2. The water electrolysis facility (P) according to the preceding claim, wherein, The selector module (SEL) is also configured to select the preset arrangement from a plurality of preset arrangements.

3. The water electrolysis facility (P) according to the preceding claim, wherein, The priority sequencer (SEQ) defines the electrolysis cluster as part of the plurality of preset arrangements.

4. The water electrolysis facility (P) according to the preceding claim, wherein, The priority sequencer (SEQ) defines the order of the electrolysis clusters as part of the plurality of preset arrangements.

5. The water electrolysis facility (P) according to the preceding two claims, wherein, The priority sequencer (SEQ) defines the call weight of each electrolysis cluster as part of the plurality of preset arrangements.

6. The water electrolysis facility (P) according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein, The priority sequencer (SEQ) includes an optimization module (OPT) for preparing the plurality of preset arrangements based on predefined performance indices of the facility.

7. The water electrolysis facility (P) according to the preceding claim, wherein, The priority sequencer (SEQ) includes a scheduler (SCH) associated with the optimization module (OPT), which stores the plurality of preset arrangements.

8. The water electrolysis facility (P) according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein, The plurality of preset arrangements include: - Slow operation mode, in which the cluster (Cj) is selected successively and the current power setting (P) is modified successively. j k To match the target electrical power (DTP) k );as well as - Quick Operation Mode, in which the cluster (Cj) is selected and the current power setting (P) is modified simultaneously. j k To match the target electrical power (DTP) k ).

9. The water electrolysis facility (P) according to the preceding claim, wherein, The selector module (SEL) is configured to select based on the gradient signal (G). k ( ) to select the preset arrangement.

10. The water electrolysis facility (P) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein, The first step includes applying a gain or transfer function to the flexibility signal (FS). k To determine the target modulation power (DTP) of the facility. k ).

11. The water electrolysis facility (P) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein, The flexibility signal (FS) k This is provided by the operator of the power network (NET).

12. The water electrolysis facility (P) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein, The flexibility signal (FS) k It is established based on electrical signals provided by the power network (NET).

13. The water electrolysis facility (P) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein, The regulator module (REG) uses the actual power (P) drawn by the facility (P). k The measured value of ).

14. A method for modulating electrical power drawn from a power grid (NET) via a water electrolysis facility (P), said facility (P) including a corresponding electrical power setpoint (P0). i k Multiple electrolysis clusters (Ci) operating under [the specified], and for use according to power grid flexibility signals (FS). k The method of operating the monitoring unit (SU) of the facility (P) includes: - The modulation controller (MOD) of the supervisory unit (SU) synchronously modulates the electrical power drawn by the facility (P) from the power network (NET) in the following manner: i. In the first step, based on the flexibility signal (FS) k Determine the target modulation power (DTP) of the facility (P). k ); ii. Perform the selection of at least one cluster (Cj) according to the preset arrangement and set the modulation power (DPj). k The second step is applied to the selected cluster (Cj); - The preset arrangement is established asynchronously by the priority sequencer (SEQ) of the supervisory unit (SU) and the modulation of the electrical power drawn by the facility (P); as well as - The actual power (P) drawn by the facility is adjusted by the regulator module (REG) of the monitoring unit (SU). k ).

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