An automatic detection device and method for longitudinal axial flow grain loss

Abstract

This invention discloses an automatic detection device and method for longitudinal axial flow grain loss, comprising a material conveyor belt, a separating axial flow mechanism, a seed receiving tray, a double-layer vibrating screen, a cleaning fan, a grain conveyor belt, a weighing device, a sieve box, an axial flow stepless speed regulator, a power and transmission unit, a work area, a driver's cab, and an operating system. The material conveyor belt is located at the front end of the device and is connected to the interior of the separating axial flow mechanism. Below the separating axial flow mechanism, from front to back, are arranged the seed receiving tray, the double-layer vibrating screen, and the sieve box. The cleaning fan is located below the seed receiving tray, the grain conveyor belt is located behind the cleaning fan, the weighing device is located below the grain conveyor belt, and the axial flow stepless speed regulator is located at the rear end of the separating axial flow mechanism and is connected to the separating axial flow mechanism via a spline. This automatic detection device and method for longitudinal axial flow grain loss employs an intelligent driving and operating system to achieve accurate and efficient detection of grain loss across multiple crops and working conditions, with full mechanization and automation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically to an automatic detection device and method for longitudinal axial flow grain loss. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, there are two main methods for grain loss detection in combine harvesters in China: The first method is manual loss measurement, which requires manual collection of straw, manual weighing, fan cleaning, manual re-cleaning, grain weighing and calculation. The loss measurement process relies on manual labor, which has disadvantages such as harsh environment, long time, high labor intensity, low efficiency, and large human interference factors. The second method is disc sampling loss measurement, which uses an electromagnet to attract straw material from the bottom of the harvester under test, manually weigh it, fan cleaning, manual re-cleaning, grain weighing and calculation. The loss measurement has disadvantages such as small sampling, need for multiple repeated tests, large randomness of spillage, low efficiency, large error, and strong subjectivity. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the existing defects and provide an automatic detection device and method for longitudinal axial flow grain loss, which can effectively improve the efficiency and accuracy of grain loss detection, reduce labor intensity, and effectively solve the problems in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an automatic detection device for longitudinal axial flow grain loss, comprising a material conveyor belt, a separating axial flow mechanism, a seed receiving tray, a double-layer vibrating screen, a cleaning fan, a grain conveyor belt, a weighing device, a sieve box, an axial flow stepless speed regulator, a power and transmission unit, a work area and a driver's cab, and an operating system;

[0005] The material conveyor belt is located at the front end of the equipment and is connected to the inside of the separating axial flow mechanism. Below the separating axial flow mechanism, from front to back, there are seed receiving trays, double-layer vibrating screens and screen boxes.

[0006] The cleaning fan is located below the seed receiving tray, the grain conveyor belt is located behind the cleaning fan, the weighing device is located below the grain conveyor belt, and the axial flow stepless speed regulator is located at the rear end of the separating axial flow mechanism and is connected to the separating axial flow mechanism via a spline.

[0007] The power and transmission unit is located above the split axial flow mechanism, and power is transmitted between the two via a belt. The work area is located in front of the power and transmission unit, and the driver's cab and operating system are located in front of the work area.

[0008] An automatic detection method for longitudinal axial flow grain loss involves adjusting the rotational speed parameters of the sifting axial flow mechanism via an axial flow stepless speed regulator, adjusting the concave plate gap parameters of the sifting axial flow mechanism via a power and transmission unit, and adjusting the cleaning fan speed to obtain the cleaning loss and sifting loss for different crops. The grains with cleaning loss and sifting loss are collected in batches by a grain conveyor belt and sent to a weighing device for weighing, thereby achieving automatic detection of grain loss in the harvester.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cleaning loss detection and the separation loss detection are performed separately in two separate steps.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the cleaning loss detection path is: chaff → material conveyor belt → sintering axial flow → seed tray → cleaning fan → grain conveyor belt → weighing device.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the cleaning loss detection process is as follows: when the chaff passes through the material conveyor belt to the separating axial flow mechanism, the chaff falls onto the seed receiving tray directly below the separating axial flow mechanism. Under the combined action of the seed receiving tray and the cleaning fan, the grains in the chaff are separated and fall onto the grain conveyor belt. The grain conveyor belt collects the grains on the weighing device below it. The weighing device transmits the weight information of the grains separated from the chaff to the detection platform through a sensor, thereby obtaining the cleaning loss data.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the separation loss detection path is: straw → material conveyor belt → separation axial flow mechanism → seed tray and double-layer vibrating screen → cleaning fan → grain conveyor belt → weighing device.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the process of detecting threshing loss is as follows: After the straw is conveyed to the threshing axial flow mechanism, the straw is threshed and separated in the threshing axial flow mechanism. The unthreshed and unseparated grains fall onto the seed tray and the double-layer vibrating screen after the equipment is running. Under the combined action of the seed tray, the double-layer vibrating screen and the cleaning fan, the grains in the straw are cleaned and separated. The grain conveyor belt collects the grains on the weighing device below it. The weighing device transmits the weight information of the threshed grains in the straw to the detection platform through the sensor, thereby obtaining the threshing loss data.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The longitudinal axial flow grain loss automatic detection equipment and method adopts an intelligent driving and operating system, longitudinal axial flow layout, replaceable concave plates, vibrating screens, adjustable fans, weighing devices with sensing functions, etc. By separately detecting cleaning loss and sludge loss, detection errors are reduced, and accurate and efficient detection of grain loss is achieved for multiple crops, multiple working conditions, and full mechanization and automation. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the material loss detection system.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Material conveyor belt, 2. Separation axial flow mechanism, 3. Seed tray, 4. Double-layer vibrating screen, 5. Cleaning fan, 6. Grain conveyor belt, 7. Weighing device, 8. Screen box, 9. Axial flow stepless speed regulator, 10. Power and transmission unit, 11. Work area, 12. Driver's cab and operating system. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments (for ease of description and understanding, the following refers to...). Figure 1 (The description uses "above" as "above" and "left" as "front"). Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0019] like Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: an automatic detection device for longitudinal axial flow grain loss, including a material conveyor belt 1, a separating axial flow mechanism 2, a seed receiving tray 3, a double-layer vibrating screen 4, a cleaning fan 5, a grain conveyor belt 6, a weighing device 7, a screen box 8, an axial flow stepless speed regulator 9, a power and transmission unit 10, a working area 11, and a driver's cab and operating system 12.

[0020] The material conveyor belt 1 is located at the front end of the equipment and is connected to the internal structure of the separating axial flow mechanism 2. Below the separating axial flow mechanism 2, from front to back, are arranged a seed receiving tray 3, a double-layer vibrating screen 4, and a screen box 8. The cleaning fan 5 is located below the seed receiving tray 3. The grain conveyor belt 6 is located behind the cleaning fan 5. The weighing device 7 is located below the grain conveyor belt 6. The axial flow stepless speed regulator 9 is located at the rear end of the separating axial flow mechanism 2 and is connected to the separating axial flow mechanism 2 via a spline. The power and transmission unit 10 is located above the separating axial flow mechanism 2, and the two are connected by a belt. The working area 11 is located in front of the power and transmission unit 10. The driver's cab and operating system 12 are located in front of the working area 11.

[0021] The power and transmission unit provides power support for the entire testing equipment, while the cab and operating system 12 automatically control the entire testing equipment, realizing a fully enclosed, fast, efficient, and automated function for the grain loss detection process of the harvester.

[0022] Workshop 11 is a sealed design for loading other testing equipment and installing a data processing center. It has an air conditioning system, a lighting system, can fix multi-layer vibrating screens, and is equipped with high-precision weighing instruments, moisture meters, etc., to realize data processing and interactive equipment numerical display, report printing, etc.

[0023] like Figure 2 An automatic detection method for longitudinal axial flow grain loss: depending on the crop being detected, the rotational speed parameters of the splitting axial flow mechanism 2 are adjusted by the axial flow stepless speed regulator 9, and the gap parameters of the concave plate of the splitting axial flow mechanism 2 are adjusted by the power and transmission unit 10. The cleaning fan 5 is adjusted to obtain the cleaning loss and splitting loss of different crops. The grains with cleaning loss and splitting loss are collected in batches by the grain conveyor belt 6 and sent to the weighing device 7 for weighing, realizing the fully enclosed, fast, efficient and automated function of the grain loss detection process of the harvester.

[0024] Among them, the cleaning loss detection and the detachment loss detection are carried out separately in two separate steps. The cleaning loss detection path is: chaff → material conveyor belt 1 → detachment axial flow 2 → seed tray 3 → cleaning fan 5 → grain conveyor belt 6 → weighing device 7.

[0025] The detection path for threshing loss is as follows: straw → material conveyor belt 1 → threshing axial flow mechanism 2 → seed tray 3 and double-layer vibrating screen 4 → cleaning fan 5 → grain conveyor belt 6 → weighing device 7.

[0026] The cleaning loss detection process is as follows: When the chaff (containing unremoved grains) passes through the material conveyor belt 1 to the separation axial flow mechanism 2, the chaff falls onto the seed receiving tray 3 directly below the separation axial flow mechanism 2. Under the combined action of the seed receiving tray 3 and the cleaning fan 5, the grains in the chaff are separated and fall onto the grain conveyor belt 6. The grain conveyor belt 6 collects the grains on the weighing device 7 below it. The weighing device 7 transmits the weight information of the grains separated from the chaff to the detection platform through a sensor, thereby obtaining the cleaning loss data.

[0027] The process of threshing loss detection is as follows: Straw (straw with unthreshed grains and straw with unseparated grains) is conveyed to the threshing axial flow mechanism 2 via the material conveyor belt 1. The straw is threshed and separated in the threshing axial flow mechanism 2. The unthreshed and unseparated grains fall onto the seed receiving tray 3 and the double-layer vibrating screen 4 after the equipment runs. Under the combined action of the seed receiving tray 3, the double-layer vibrating screen 4 and the cleaning fan 5, the grains in the straw are cleaned and separated. The grain conveyor belt 6 collects the grains on the weighing device 7 below it. The weighing device 7 transmits the weight information of the threshed grains in the straw to the detection platform through the sensor, thereby obtaining the threshing loss data.

[0028] This automatic grain loss detection equipment can meet the detection needs of different crops by adjusting the rotation speed and concave plate gap parameters of the separating axial flow mechanism 2, the rotation speed parameters of the cleaning fan 5, and the opening parameters of the double-layer vibrating screen 4.

[0029] The parts of the invention not described in detail are prior art. Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic detection device for longitudinal axial flow grain loss, characterized in that: Includes material conveyor belt (1), axial flow separation mechanism (2), seed tray (3), double-layer vibrating screen (4), cleaning fan (5), grain conveyor belt (6), weighing device (7), screen box (8), axial flow stepless speed regulator (9), power and transmission unit (10), work area (11), and driver's cab and operating system (12). The material conveyor belt (1) is located at the front end of the equipment and is connected to the inside of the separation axial flow mechanism (2). The seed receiving plate (3), double-layer vibrating screen (4) and screen box (8) are arranged in sequence from front to back below the separation axial flow mechanism (2). The cleaning fan (5) is located below the seed tray (3), the grain conveyor belt (6) is located behind the cleaning fan (5), the weighing device (7) is located below the grain conveyor belt (6), and the axial flow stepless speed regulator (9) is located at the rear end of the separating axial flow mechanism (2) and is connected to the separating axial flow mechanism (2) via a spline. The power and transmission unit (10) is located above the split axial flow mechanism (2), and power is transmitted between the two via a belt. The work area (11) is located in front of the power and transmission unit (10), and the driver's cab and operating system (12) are located in front of the work area (11).

2. The detection method of the automatic grain loss detection device for longitudinal axial flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: Depending on the crop for which grain loss is detected, the rotational speed parameter of the splitting axial flow mechanism (2) is adjusted by the axial flow stepless speed regulator (9), and the power and transmission unit (10) provides power to adjust the concave plate gap parameter of the splitting axial flow mechanism (2). The cleaning fan (5) speed is adjusted to obtain the cleaning loss and splitting loss of different crops. The grains with cleaning loss and splitting loss are collected in batches by the grain conveyor belt (6) and sent to the weighing device (7) for weighing, so as to realize the automatic detection of grain loss of the harvester.

3. The automatic detection method for longitudinal axial flow grain loss according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cleaning loss detection and the separation loss detection are performed separately in two separate steps.

4. The automatic detection method for longitudinal axial flow grain loss according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cleaning loss detection path is as follows: chaff → material conveyor belt (1) → slitting axial flow (2) → seed tray (3) → cleaning fan (5) → grain conveyor belt (6) → weighing device (7).

5. The automatic detection method for longitudinal axial flow grain loss according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cleaning loss detection process is as follows: When the chaff passes through the material conveyor belt (1) to the separation axial flow mechanism (2), the chaff falls onto the seed tray (3) directly below the separation axial flow mechanism (2). Under the combined action of the seed tray (3) and the cleaning fan (5), the grains in the chaff are separated and fall onto the grain conveyor belt (6). The grain conveyor belt (6) collects the grains on the weighing device (7) below it. The weighing device (7) transmits the weight information of the grains separated from the chaff to the detection platform through the sensor, thereby obtaining the cleaning loss data.

6. The automatic detection method for longitudinal axial flow grain loss according to claim 2, characterized in that: The detection path for the sizing loss is as follows: straw → material conveyor belt (1) → sizing axial flow mechanism (2) → seed tray (3) and double-layer vibrating screen (4) → cleaning fan (5) → grain conveyor belt (6) → weigher (7).

7. The automatic detection method for longitudinal axial flow grain loss according to claim 6, characterized in that: The process of detecting threshing loss is as follows: After the straw passes through the material conveyor belt (1) to the threshing axial flow mechanism (2), the straw is threshed and separated in the threshing axial flow mechanism (2). The unthreshed and unseparated grains fall onto the seed tray (3) and the double-layer vibrating screen (4) after the equipment is running. Under the combined action of the seed tray (3), the double-layer vibrating screen (4) and the cleaning fan (5), the grains in the straw are cleaned and separated. The grain conveyor belt (6) collects the grains on the weighing device (7) below it. The weighing device (7) transmits the weight information of the threshed grains in the straw to the detection platform through the sensor, thereby obtaining the threshing loss data.

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