box-in cross slide and milling center

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of ultra-precision machining equipment technology, and provides a frame-to-frame cross slide and milling center, comprising: an X-axis feed mechanism including a crossbeam and a slide; the crossbeam is arranged along the X-axis and configured as a hollow frame structure with continuous inner sidewalls to form an X-axis extending installation space; the slide spans the crossbeam and is slidably connected to the crossbeam on both sides through a connecting structure; a Z-axis feed mechanism is connected to the slide and extends to the installation space at its bottom, so that the X-axis feed mechanism and the Z-axis feed mechanism form a cross. This configuration can significantly shorten the force transmission path of the feed system, reduce the equivalent overhang length of the vertical feed axis, thereby improving the overall structural rigidity and deformation resistance, and ensuring machining accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ultra-precision machining equipment technology, and in particular to a frame-to-frame cross slide and milling center. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demands for machining accuracy and dynamic performance in fields such as aerospace, precision optics, and high-end molds, ultra-precision milling centers not only need to have high static stiffness and high positioning accuracy, but also place higher demands on the dynamic response capability, smoothness of motion, and thermal stability of the feed system.

[0003] In existing ultra-precision milling centers, the feed system typically includes a horizontal feed axis set in the horizontal direction and a vertical feed axis set in the vertical direction. Due to the limitations of traditional structural layout, the horizontal feed axis and the vertical feed axis are mostly installed in series or in a cantilever configuration.

[0004] However, in practical applications, it has been found that the feed system with the above structure results in a large equivalent overhang length of the vertical feed axis, which is prone to structural deflection and dynamic errors during high-speed or high-acceleration motion, affecting the stability of machining accuracy.

[0005] In view of the above problems, how to shorten the force transmission path of the feed system and reduce the equivalent overhang length of the vertical feed axis, thereby improving the overall structural rigidity and deformation resistance and ensuring machining accuracy, has become an important technical problem that urgently needs to be solved.

[0006] It should be noted that the statements herein provide only background information in relation to this application and do not necessarily constitute prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in related technologies. To this end, this invention proposes a frame-to-frame cross slide plate, which can significantly shorten the force transmission path of the feed system and reduce the equivalent overhang length of the vertical feed axis, thereby improving the overall structural rigidity and deformation resistance, and ensuring machining accuracy.

[0008] The present invention also proposes a milling center.

[0009] A frame-to-frame cross slide plate according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: The X-axis feed mechanism includes a crossbeam and a slide; the crossbeam is arranged along the X-axis and configured as a hollow frame structure with continuous inner sidewalls to form an X-axis extending installation space; the slide spans the crossbeam and is slidably connected to the crossbeam on both sides through a connecting structure. The Z-axis feed mechanism is connected to the slide and extends to the mounting space at its bottom, so that the X-axis feed mechanism and the Z-axis feed mechanism form a cross intersection.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the connection structure includes: The guide rail is arranged along the X direction and embedded in the crossbeam; The slider is slidably supported on the guide rail surface, and the slide plate is fixedly connected to the slider; The pressure plate is connected above the guide rail surface and slides in cooperation with the side of the slider facing away from the guide rail surface.

[0011] With this configuration, the guide rail and crossbeam adopt an integrated embedded structure, which can significantly shorten the force transmission path, improve the overall rigidity and deformation resistance of the feed system, and the slider and pressure plate form a two-way constraint, which can effectively suppress slider overturning, lateral movement and vibration, improve the problems of off-center loading, deflection and dynamic error that are prone to occur in traditional feed systems, and meet the dual requirements of ultra-precision machining for rigidity, accuracy and dynamic performance.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, The slider has a lower oil cavity on the side facing the guide rail surface, which is used to form a pressure oil film between the guide rail surface and the slider. The slider has an upper oil cavity on the side facing the pressure plate, which is used to form a pressure oil film between the pressure plate and the slider.

[0013] This configuration allows the lower and upper oil chambers to simultaneously establish pressure oil films, enabling non-contact hydrostatic support between the slider, guide rail, and pressure plate. This reduces frictional resistance and wear, improves smoothness of movement, and enhances load-bearing rigidity and vibration resistance, better meeting the requirements of ultra-precision milling centers for high dynamics, high rigidity, and high-precision feed.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a step is provided on the inner side of the frame of the crossbeam, and the guide rail includes: The first part, which is supported on the step surface of the step and faces away from the step surface, constitutes the guide rail surface; The second part is fitted and connected to the vertical surface of the step; the first end of the second part is connected to the first part, the second end protrudes from the guide rail surface, and the pressure plate is fixedly connected to the second end of the second part.

[0015] This design utilizes the inner steps of the crossbeam to position and support the guide rail, resulting in accurate installation and a compact structure. It also facilitates the fixing and installation of the pressure plate, forming an integral rigid structure between the guide rail and the crossbeam, thereby improving guiding accuracy and structural stability.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the X-axis feed mechanism further includes a drive structure, the output end of which is connected to the slide plate and is used to drive the slide plate to slide along the X-axis.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the drive structure is configured as a linear motor; The linear motor is located within the installation space, with its stator fixedly connected to the crossbeam and its mover connected to the slide via a connector.

[0018] This setup uses a linear motor for direct drive, eliminating intermediate transmission links, transmission gaps, elastic deformation and mechanical wear, improving positioning accuracy and dynamic response speed. Furthermore, the linear motor is built into the installation space, resulting in a compact layout that does not occupy external space.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the linear motors are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the crossbeam in the Y direction, and the line connecting the two linear motors passes through the center of gravity of the X-direction feed mechanism.

[0020] This configuration satisfies the principle of center of gravity drive, allowing the driving force to act directly on the center of gravity, reducing energy consumption and improving energy efficiency. At the same time, it reduces the additional bending moment, overturning moment and torsional vibration caused by drive offset, improves the response speed and running accuracy of the X-axis feed mechanism when moving at high acceleration, and enables the machine tool to maintain high-precision machining even when running for a long time.

[0021] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the X-axis feed mechanism further includes a position detection module; the position detection module includes: A grating ruler is arranged along the X-axis on the inner wall of the crossbeam; A reading head is fixedly connected to the Z-axis feed mechanism and is used to read the scale on the grating ruler to determine the position information of the slide and the Z-axis feed mechanism.

[0022] This configuration allows for direct and accurate feedback of the position information of the slide and the Z-axis feed mechanism, achieving closed-loop high-precision feedback, reducing positional errors caused by various factors during machining, realizing high-precision stepping movement, improving machining accuracy and quality, and meeting the requirements of ultra-precision machining.

[0023] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the connector includes: The connecting plate has a first end fixedly connected to the slide plate, and a second end extending into the installation space along the Z direction. The motor mounting plate is fixedly connected to the second end of the connecting plate, and the mover of the linear motor is fixedly connected to the motor mounting plate.

[0024] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a transition plate is provided between the stator of the linear motor and the crossbeam; One end of the transition plate is embedded and fixed in the crossbeam, while the other end is exposed and fixedly connected to the stator of the linear motor.

[0025] A milling center according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a bed, a Y-axis feed mechanism connected to the bed, and a frame-to-frame cross slide as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 connected to the bed and located above the Y-axis feed mechanism; The bottom of the Z-axis feed mechanism is connected to a milling spindle, and the Y-axis feed mechanism is equipped with a cradle turntable. The cradle turntable is used to clamp the workpiece and realize the rotation and swing motion of the workpiece.

[0026] This configuration enables the machine to achieve five-axis linkage with linear feed along the X, Y, and Z axes and oscillation along the A and C axes, meeting the machining requirements of complex curved surfaces and high-precision parts. The milling center, built on the cross slide frame, can also balance high precision and high dynamic performance, improving the stability and repeatability of machining accuracy.

[0027] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a column is provided on each side of the bed frame; the bottom of the column is fixedly connected to the bed frame; The crossbeam is positioned between the tops of the two columns, forming a portal-shaped structure with the bed, columns, and crossbeam as a whole; the Y-axis feed mechanism is located between the two columns.

[0028] This configuration effectively reduces structural deformation and vibration during the cutting process. The Y-axis feed mechanism is arranged between the two columns, resulting in a compact and reasonable spatial layout. The machine's center of gravity is centered, and its motion stability is good, which helps to further ensure the accuracy and reliability of the milling center during machining.

[0029] According to one embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a bed frame bracket; The bed frame is supported on the mounting base by the bed frame bracket, and the bottom of the bed frame bracket is provided with leveling feet.

[0030] The above-described one or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects: In practical applications, the crossbeam is arranged along the X-direction and adopts a hollow frame structure to provide rigid support and internal installation space for X-direction movement. The slide is straddling the crossbeam and is slidably connected to the crossbeam to realize X-direction feeding and provide support for the Z-direction feeding mechanism. The Z-direction feeding mechanism is connected to the slide and its bottom extends into the installation space of the crossbeam, forming a cross-shaped layout with the X-direction feeding mechanism.

[0031] Compared to related technologies, this frame-to-frame cross slide plate, through the cross-shaped arrangement of the frame beams and slides, and the Z-axis feed mechanism, significantly shortens the force transmission path and reduces the equivalent overhang length of the Z-axis feed mechanism. This reduces structural deflection and dynamic errors under high-speed motion, improves the overall structural stiffness and deformation resistance, and makes the structure more compact, which is conducive to improving the space utilization and integration of the whole machine. At the same time, the overall structure of the cross slide plate is symmetrical, and the force path of the feed mechanism is closed. Under the action of machining load and inertial load, it is not easy to generate eccentric load and additional bending moment, which can effectively suppress structural vibration and dynamic error, balance high precision and high dynamic performance, and improve the stability and repeatability of machining accuracy.

[0032] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention and are not considered as limitations on this application. Moreover, those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the frame-to-frame cross slide plate provided by the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the X-axis feed mechanism provided by the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of the X-axis feed mechanism.

[0037] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the cross-shaped sliding plate within the middle frame.

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the frame-to-frame cross slide and bed provided by the present invention.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the milling center provided by the present invention.

[0040] Figure label: 10. X-axis feed mechanism; 11. Crossbeam; 111. Installation space; 12. Slide; 13. Connecting structure; 131. Guide rail; 1311. First part; 1312. Second part; 132. Slider; 133. Pressure plate; 14. Drive structure; 141. Stator; 142. Mover; 15. Connecting parts; 151. Connecting plate; 152. Motor mounting plate; 16. Transition plate; 17. Position detection module; 171. Grating ruler; 172. Reading head; 18. Grating mounting plate; 20. Z-axis feed mechanism; 30. Bed frame; 31. Uprights; 32. Bed frame support; 40. Y-axis feed mechanism; 50. Milling spindle; 60. Cradle turntable. Detailed Implementation

[0041] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0042] The specific terms used in this specification are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the illustrated embodiments. For example, expressions such as "same" and "identical" not only indicate a strictly identical state, but also indicate a state with tolerances or differences in the degree of functionality. For example, expressions indicating relative or absolute arrangement such as "in a certain direction," "along a certain direction," "side by side," "perpendicular," "centered on," "concentric," or "coaxial" not only strictly indicate such an arrangement, but also indicate a state of relative displacement by tolerances or angles or distances with the same degree of functionality.

[0043] The terms “center,” “longitudinal,” “X-direction,” “length,” “width,” “thickness,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “rear,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” “outer,” “clockwise,” “counterclockwise,” “axial,” “radial,” and “circumferential” indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0044] Furthermore, features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of those features. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, B1 and / or B2 can represent: B1 existing alone, B1 and B2 existing simultaneously, and B2 existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0045] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0046] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 6 The invention describes a frame-to-frame cross slide and a milling center.

[0047] To better understand the frame-to-frame cross slide and milling center provided in the embodiments of the present invention, we will first introduce its application background. With the continuous improvement of the requirements for the machining accuracy and dynamic performance of parts in aerospace, precision optics and high-end mold fields, ultra-precision milling centers not only need to have high static stiffness and high positioning accuracy, but also put forward higher requirements for the dynamic response capability, motion smoothness and thermal stability of the feed system.

[0048] In existing ultra-precision milling centers, the feed system typically includes a horizontal feed axis set in the horizontal direction and a vertical feed axis set in the vertical direction. Due to the limitations of traditional structural layout, the horizontal feed axis and the vertical feed axis are mostly installed in series or in a cantilever configuration.

[0049] However, in practical applications, it has been found that the feed system with the above structure results in a large equivalent overhang length of the vertical feed axis, which is prone to structural deflection and dynamic errors during high-speed or high-acceleration motion, affecting the stability of machining accuracy.

[0050] In view of the above problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a frame-to-frame cross slide and milling center, which can significantly shorten the force transmission path of the feed system and reduce the equivalent overhang length of the vertical feed axis, thereby improving the overall structural rigidity and deformation resistance, and ensuring machining accuracy.

[0051] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A frame-to-frame cross slide plate includes an X-axis feeding mechanism 10 and a Z-axis feeding mechanism 20. The X-axis feeding mechanism 10 includes a crossbeam 11 and a slide 12. The crossbeam 11 is arranged along the X-axis and configured as a hollow frame structure with continuous inner sidewalls to form an X-axis extending installation space 111. The slide 12 spans the crossbeam 11 and is slidably connected to the crossbeam 11 on both sides through a connecting structure 13. The Z-axis feeding mechanism 20 is connected to the slide 12 and extends to the installation space 111 at its bottom, so that the X-axis feeding mechanism 10 and the Z-axis feeding mechanism 20 form a cross.

[0052] In practical applications, the crossbeam 11 is arranged along the X direction and adopts a hollow frame structure to provide rigid support and internal installation space 111 for X-direction movement. The slide plate 12 is straddling the crossbeam 11 and is slidably connected to the crossbeam 11, realizing X-direction feeding while providing support for the Z-direction feeding mechanism 20. The Z-direction feeding mechanism 20 is connected to the slide plate 12 and its bottom extends into the installation space 111 of the crossbeam 11, forming a cross-shaped layout with the X-direction feeding mechanism 10.

[0053] Compared to related technologies, this frame-to-frame cross slide plate, through the frame-type crossbeam 11 and the slide 12 and Z-axis feed mechanism 20 arranged in a frame-to-frame cross shape, significantly shortens the force transmission path and reduces the equivalent overhang length of the Z-axis feed mechanism 20. This reduces structural deflection and dynamic errors under high-speed motion, improves the overall structural stiffness and deformation resistance, and makes the structure more compact, which is conducive to improving the space utilization and integration of the whole machine. At the same time, the overall structure of the cross slide plate is symmetrical, and the force path of the feed mechanism is closed. Under the action of processing load and inertial load, it is not easy to generate eccentric load and additional bending moment, which can effectively suppress structural vibration and dynamic error, balance high precision and high dynamic performance, and improve the stability and repeatability of processing accuracy.

[0054] In one example of the present invention, the crossbeam 11 is configured as a rectangular frame structure, and its material and specifications can be designed according to the actual application scenario, without specific limitations here.

[0055] Further research revealed that, in order to meet the motion accuracy requirements of ultra-precision machining, some milling centers adopt low-friction guideways to improve motion smoothness. However, in the existing structure, the guideway 131 form and the spatial arrangement of the feed axis lack overall coordinated design. Under high dynamic conditions, it is still difficult to balance load-bearing capacity, stiffness and dynamic performance, which limits the further improvement of the acceleration and response capability of the feed system.

[0056] In view of the above problems, in one example of the present invention, reference is made to... Figures 2 to 4The connecting structure 13 includes a guide rail 131, a slider 132, and a pressure plate 133; wherein, the guide rail 131 is arranged along the X direction and embedded in the crossbeam 11; the slider 132 is slidably supported on the guide rail surface of the guide rail 131, and the slide plate 12 is fixedly connected to the slider 132; the pressure plate 133 is connected above the guide rail surface and slides in cooperation with the side of the slider 132 opposite to the guide rail surface.

[0057] It should be noted that the guide rail 131 and the crossbeam 11 adopt an integrated embedded structure, which can significantly shorten the force transmission path and improve the overall rigidity and deformation resistance of the feed system. The slider 132 and the pressure plate 133 form a bidirectional constraint, which can effectively suppress the overturning, lateral movement and vibration of the slider 132, improve the problems of off-center loading, deflection and dynamic error that are prone to occur in traditional feed systems, and meet the dual requirements of ultra-precision machining for rigidity, accuracy and dynamic performance.

[0058] Furthermore, the slider 132 is configured as a hydrostatic slider. The side of the slider 132 facing the guide rail surface has a lower oil cavity for forming a pressure oil film between the guide rail surface and the slider 132. The side of the slider 132 facing the pressure plate 133 has an upper oil cavity for forming a pressure oil film between the pressure plate 133 and the slider 132.

[0059] During operation, the lower and upper oil chambers simultaneously establish a pressure oil film, enabling the slider 132 to form a fully enclosed hydrostatic support between the guide rail 131 and the pressure plate 133. The guide rail 131, slider 132, and pressure plate 133 achieve non-contact sliding cooperation through the pressure oil film, providing uniform, stable, and low-friction X-direction guidance and support for the slide plate 12. This allows for near-frictionless pure liquid lubrication sliding between the slider 132 and the guide rail 131, and between the slider 132 and the pressure plate 133, reducing motion resistance and wear, and improving the smoothness and positioning accuracy of the feed system. In addition, the bidirectional pressure oil film formed by the upper and lower oil chambers provides stronger load-bearing rigidity and anti-overturning capacity, effectively suppressing vibration, impact, and dynamic errors under high-speed motion. Combined with the short force flow and symmetrical force structure of the frame-frame cross slide plate, it further enhances the rigidity and stability of the feed system, better meeting the requirements of ultra-precision milling centers for high dynamics, high rigidity, and high-precision feed.

[0060] In detail, the inner side of the frame of the crossbeam 11 is provided with a step, and the guide rail 131 includes a first part 1311 and a second part 1312; wherein, the first part 1311 of the guide rail 131 is supported on the step surface and the side facing away from the step surface constitutes the guide rail surface mentioned above; the second part 1312 is perpendicular to the first part 1311 and is attached to the vertical surface of the step, the first end of the second part 1312 is fixedly connected to the first part 1311, the second end protrudes from the guide rail surface, and the pressure plate 133 is fixedly connected to the second end of the second part 1312.

[0061] More specifically, the specific connection method between the guide rail 131 and the crossbeam 11 includes, but is not limited to, welding or integral molding. The specific connection method between the pressure plate 133 and the guide rail 131 includes, but is not limited to, welding or connection through bolts or other connecting components. The specific method needs to be selected and designed according to actual needs and application scenarios, and no specific restrictions are made here.

[0062] In one example of the present invention, the X-axis feed mechanism 10 further includes a drive structure 14, the output end of which is connected to the slide plate 12 and is used to drive the slide plate 12 to slide along the X-axis.

[0063] It is worth noting that the mainstream drive solution for feed systems in the industry is "rotary motor + ball screw". This technology is widely used in conventional load scenarios due to its mature manufacturing process, low cost and high transmission accuracy.

[0064] However, further research revealed that although the "rotary motor + ball screw" solution has advantages such as high transmission efficiency, controllable cost, and good load-bearing capacity, the presence of intermediate mechanical components inevitably produces transmission gaps, mechanical wear, and elastic deformation, making it difficult to further improve positioning accuracy.

[0065] In view of the above problems, in one example of the present invention, the drive structure 14 is configured as a linear motor; the linear motor is located in the mounting space 111 and the stator 141 is fixedly connected to the crossbeam 11, and the mover 142 is connected to the slide 12 by the connector 15.

[0066] This configuration, with direct drive by a linear motor, eliminates the intermediate transmission link of "rotary motor + ball screw," thereby eliminating transmission backlash, mechanical wear, and elastic deformation, and improving the positioning accuracy and repeatability of the feed system. The linear motor is arranged in the mounting space 111 of the crossbeam 11, with the stator 141 fixedly connected to the crossbeam 11 and the mover 142 fixedly connected to the slide 12, so that the driving force acts directly on the slide 12, improving the dynamic response speed and acceleration of the system. At the same time, the drive path is short and the force is symmetrical, effectively avoiding off-center load and torque disturbance, further ensuring the motion stability and accuracy under ultra-precision machining conditions.

[0067] Furthermore, the linear motor can be configured as a coreless linear motor to eliminate the cogging effect and attraction fluctuations caused by the magnetic circuit of the iron core, making the feed motion smoother, more unobstructed, and pulsation-free. Combined with the low-friction support formed by the hydrostatic slider, it further improves the stability of motion and positioning accuracy, while reducing heat generation and vibration in high-speed reciprocating motion, better meeting the requirements of ultra-precision milling centers for high dynamics, high stability, and high-precision feed.

[0068] Furthermore, the linear motors are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the crossbeam 11 in the Y direction, and the line connecting the two linear motors passes through the center of gravity of the X-axis feed mechanism 10. This satisfies the center of gravity drive principle, allowing the driving force to act directly on the center of gravity, reducing energy consumption and improving energy efficiency. At the same time, it reduces the additional bending moment, overturning moment and torsional vibration caused by drive offset, improves the response speed and running accuracy of the X-axis feed mechanism 10 when moving at high acceleration, and enables the machine tool to maintain high-precision machining even when running for a long time.

[0069] In one example of the present invention, the connector 15 includes a connecting plate 151 and a motor mounting plate 152; wherein, the first end of the connecting plate 151 is fixedly connected to the slide plate 12, and the second end extends into the mounting space 111 along the Z direction; the motor mounting plate 152 is fixedly connected to the second end of the connecting plate 151, and the mover 142 of the linear motor is fixedly connected to the motor mounting plate 152, so that the driving force of the linear motor is directly transmitted to the slide plate 12 via the motor mounting plate 152 and the connecting plate 151, forming a direct drive with a short path and no redundant links.

[0070] In detail, the connecting plate 151 and the slide plate 12, and the motor mounting plate 152 and the mover 142 of the linear motor can be connected by any method, including bolt connection. The specific method needs to be selected according to the actual needs, and no specific restrictions are made here.

[0071] In one example of the present invention, a transition plate 16 is provided between the stator 141 of the linear motor and the crossbeam 11. One end of the transition plate 16 is embedded and fixed in the crossbeam 11, and the other end is exposed and fixedly connected to the stator 141 of the linear motor, thereby fixing the stator 141 of the linear motor to the crossbeam 11.

[0072] In one example of the present invention, the X-axis feed mechanism 10 further includes a position detection module 17, which is used to detect the position information of the slide 12. In actual operation, the position detection module 17 can collect the displacement position information of the slide 12 in real time, thereby realizing closed-loop control of the X-axis feed motion, effectively compensating for motion errors, improving the positioning accuracy and repeatability of the feed system, and further meeting the stringent requirements of ultra-precision milling centers for the stability and consistency of machining accuracy.

[0073] In detail, the position detection module 17 includes a grating ruler 171 and a reading head 172; wherein, the grating ruler 171 is arranged on the inner side wall of the crossbeam 11 along the X direction; the reading head 172 is fixedly connected to the Z-axis feed mechanism 20 and is used to read the scale on the grating ruler 171 to determine the position information of the slide 12 and the Z-axis feed mechanism 20.

[0074] With this configuration, the rigid structure of the crossbeam 11 can provide a stable and reliable mounting reference for the grating ruler 171. The reading head 172 moves synchronously with the Z-axis feed mechanism 20, thereby directly and accurately feeding back the position information of the slide 12 and the Z-axis feed mechanism 20, realizing closed-loop high-precision feedback, reducing position errors caused by various factors during the machining process, achieving high-precision stepping movement, improving machining accuracy and quality, and meeting the requirements of ultra-precision machining.

[0075] More specifically, a grating mounting plate 18 is provided on the inner wall of the crossbeam 11. The grating mounting plate 18 can be fixedly connected to the crossbeam 11 in any way, including screw connection. The grating ruler 171 can be fixedly connected to the grating mounting plate 18 in any form, including screw connection. The reading head 172 can be fixedly connected to the inner wall of the Z-axis feed mechanism 20 in any form, including screw connection.

[0076] On the other hand, refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The present invention also provides a milling center, which includes a bed 30, a Y-axis feed mechanism 40 connected to the bed 30, and a frame-to-frame cross slide provided in any of the above examples connected to the bed 30 and located above the Y-axis feed mechanism 40; a milling spindle 50 is connected to the bottom of the Z-axis feed mechanism 20, and a cradle turntable 60 is provided on the Y-axis feed mechanism 40, the cradle turntable 60 being used to clamp the workpiece and realize the rotation and swaying motion of the workpiece.

[0077] It is understandable that by applying the aforementioned frame-to-frame cross slide to the milling center, in conjunction with the Y-axis feed mechanism 40 and the cradle turntable 60, the entire machine can achieve five-axis linkage with X, Y, and Z-axis linear feed and A and C-axis oscillation, thereby meeting the machining requirements of complex curved surfaces and high-precision parts. Among them, the milling center constructed based on the aforementioned frame-to-frame cross slide can also take into account both high precision and high dynamic performance, improving the stability and repeatability of machining accuracy.

[0078] It is understood that the slide of the Y-axis feed mechanism 40 can be slidably connected to the bed 30 via linear guides, hydrostatic guides, dovetail guides, rectangular guides, etc. Its driving method includes, but is not limited to, a motor coupled with a ball screw, a linear motor, or a motor with a rack and pinion, etc., which needs to be selected according to actual needs; no specific restrictions are made here. Furthermore, the specific structure, transmission method, and control principle of the cradle turntable 60 can be referenced from relevant technologies. Since it is not the main inventive point of this invention, and its structure has not been changed in this invention, it will not be described in detail.

[0079] In one example of the present invention, two columns 31 are provided on the bed 30, and the two columns 31 are respectively located on both sides of the bed 30. The bottom of the columns 31 is fixedly connected to the bed 30. The crossbeam 11 is arranged between the two columns 31 and supported on the top of the two columns 31, so that the bed 30, the columns 31 and the crossbeam 11 form a gate-shaped structure as a whole. The Y-axis feed mechanism 40 is located in the middle of the two columns 31.

[0080] With this configuration, the bed 30, column 31, and crossbeam 11 together form a portal structure, which has high overall rigidity and strong bending and torsional resistance, effectively reducing structural deformation and vibration during the cutting process. The crossbeam 11 is symmetrically supported by the columns 31 on both sides, and the force is uniform and stable, providing a reliable installation reference and rigid support for the X-axis feed mechanism 10. The Y-axis feed mechanism 40 is arranged between the two columns 31, with a compact and reasonable spatial layout, a centrally located center of gravity, and good motion stability, which is conducive to further ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the milling center during the machining process.

[0081] Furthermore, the milling center also includes a bed bracket 32, on which the bed 30 is supported on the mounting base. The bottom of the bed bracket 32 ​​is equipped with leveling feet. By using the bed bracket 32 ​​in conjunction with the leveling feet, the levelness and mounting posture of the bed 30 can be flexibly adjusted, compensating for unevenness errors on the mounting base, ensuring the bed 30's reference stability and reliability. This improves the overall assembly accuracy and operational stability of the machine, reduces vibration and accuracy drift caused by unevenness in the foundation, and ensures long-term stable operation of the milling center.

[0082] It is understandable that the specific structural forms of leveling feet include, but are not limited to, bolt-adjustable feet, wedge-shaped pad feet, hydraulic adjustable feet, etc., as long as they can achieve height adjustment and leveling functions. The specific type can be selected and designed according to actual needs, and no limitation is made here.

[0083] The frame-to-frame cross slide and milling center provided in this embodiment of the invention, through the frame-to-frame cross arrangement of the frame beam 11, slide 12, and Z-axis feed mechanism 20, significantly shortens the force transmission path and reduces the equivalent overhang length of the Z-axis feed mechanism 20. This reduces structural deflection and dynamic errors under high-speed motion, improves the overall structural stiffness and deformation resistance, and makes the structure more compact, which is conducive to improving the space utilization and integration of the whole machine. At the same time, the overall structure of the cross slide is symmetrical, and the force path of the feed mechanism is closed. Under the action of machining load and inertial load, it is not easy to generate eccentric load and additional bending moment, which can effectively suppress structural vibration and dynamic error, balance high precision and high dynamic performance, and improve the stability and repeatability of machining accuracy.

[0084] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various combinations, modifications, or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions of the present invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention and should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A frame-to-frame cross-shaped sliding plate, characterized in that, include: X-axis feeding mechanism (10) includes a crossbeam (11) and a slide (12); the crossbeam (11) is arranged along the X-axis and configured as a hollow frame structure with continuous inner sidewalls to form an X-axis extending installation space (111); the slide (12) spans the crossbeam (11) and is slidably connected to the crossbeam (11) on both sides by a connecting structure (13); The Z-axis feed mechanism (20) is connected to the slide (12) and extends to the mounting space (111) at its bottom, so that the X-axis feed mechanism (10) and the Z-axis feed mechanism (20) form a cross.

2. The frame-to-frame cross-shaped sliding plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connection structure (13) includes: The guide rail (131) is arranged along the X direction and embedded in the crossbeam (11); The slider (132) is slidably supported on the guide rail surface of the guide rail (131), and the slide plate (12) is fixedly connected to the slider (132); The pressure plate (133) is connected above the guide rail surface and slides in cooperation with the side of the slider (132) facing away from the guide rail surface.

3. The frame-to-frame cross-shaped sliding plate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The slider (132) has a lower oil cavity on the side facing the guide rail surface, which is used to form a pressure oil film between the guide rail surface and the slider (132); The slider (132) has an upper oil cavity on the side facing the pressure plate (133) for forming a pressure oil film between the pressure plate (133) and the slider (132).

4. The frame-to-frame cross slide plate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner side of the frame of the crossbeam (11) is provided with a step, and the guide rail (131) includes: The first part (1311) is the guide rail surface, which is supported on the step surface and faces away from the step surface. The second part (1312) is fitted and connected to the vertical surface of the step; the first end of the second part (1312) is connected to the first part (1311), the second end protrudes from the guide rail surface, and the pressure plate (133) is fixedly connected to the second end of the second part (1312).

5. The frame-to-frame cross slide plate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The X-axis feed mechanism (10) further includes a drive structure (14), the output end of which is connected to the slide (12) and is used to drive the slide (12) to slide along the X-axis.

6. The frame-to-frame cross slide plate according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drive structure (14) is configured as a linear motor; The linear motor is located in the installation space (111) and the stator (141) is fixedly connected to the crossbeam (11), and the mover (142) is connected to the slide (12) through the connector (15).

7. The frame-to-frame cross-shaped sliding plate according to claim 6, characterized in that, The linear motors are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the crossbeam (11) in the Y direction, and the line connecting the two linear motors passes through the center of gravity of the X-direction feed mechanism (10).

8. The frame-to-frame cross-shaped sliding plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The X-axis feed mechanism (10) further includes a position detection module (17); the position detection module (17) includes: A grating ruler (171) is arranged along the X direction on the inner wall of the crossbeam (11); The reading head (172) is fixedly connected to the Z-axis feed mechanism (20) and is used to read the scale on the grating ruler (171) to determine the position information of the slide (12) and the Z-axis feed mechanism (20).

9. A milling center, characterized in that, include: Bed (30), Y-axis feed mechanism (40) connected to the bed (30), and frame-to-frame cross slide plate as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 connected to the bed (30) and located above the Y-axis feed mechanism (40); The bottom of the Z-axis feed mechanism (20) is connected to a milling spindle (50), and the Y-axis feed mechanism (40) is provided with a cradle turntable (60). The cradle turntable (60) is used to clamp the workpiece and realize the rotation and swing motion of the workpiece.

10. The milling center according to claim 9, characterized in that, A column (31) is provided on each side of the bed (30); the bottom of the column (31) is fixedly connected to the bed (30); The crossbeam (11) is located between the tops of the two columns (31), so that the bed (30), the columns (31) and the crossbeam (11) together form a portal structure; the Y-axis feed mechanism (40) is located between the two columns (31).

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