A degassing device for fruit juice beverage production

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of food and beverage processing machinery, specifically a degassing device for fruit juice production. It comprises a vacuum degassing tank, a variable frequency drive motor, a central feed pipe, a rotating umbrella-shaped film-forming disc, a streamlined impact turbulence ring, and an adaptive control module. The device utilizes the central feed pipe in conjunction with the rotating umbrella-shaped disc to spread the fruit juice into a liquid film through centrifugal force. The adaptive module calculates the dynamic shear resistance of the fruit juice based on the effective working current, thereby adjusting the motor speed in real time. Its core principle is to generate fluid shearing and reversal effects by impacting the streamlined turbulence ring with the high-speed liquid film, effectively tearing apart the fruit fiber network that encapsulates the air bubbles, allowing the microbubbles to escape rapidly in a vacuum environment. This invention avoids complex flow channel structures, solving the problems of easy clogging and material residue, reducing cleaning frequency, and significantly improving degassing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of food and beverage processing machinery, specifically a degassing device for producing fruit juice beverages. Background Technology

[0002] In current fruit juice production and processing scenarios, degassing equipment is often used to remove gas from the juice. Existing solutions generally use nozzles or porous components to disperse the juice in a vacuum environment to increase the gas-liquid separation area. While this solution is effective for processing low-viscosity clear juice, nozzles and porous components are prone to clogging when processing juices containing pulp or with high viscosity. Clogging not only leads to a sharp decrease in the effective degassing area, but its complex internal flow channels also easily retain material, resulting in a significant increase in the frequency of equipment cleaning. In addition, existing equipment mostly uses fixed operating parameters and cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the differences in the physical properties of the juice. When processing high-viscosity materials, the fixed mechanical action is insufficient to fully tear the pulp fiber network, resulting in low degassing efficiency. When processing low-viscosity clear juice, if high rotation speed is applied indiscriminately, it will cause a large number of fine droplets to be generated in the degassing tank, causing secondary splashing and re-entrapment of gas.

[0003] Therefore, how to avoid blockage of the degassing equipment's flow channels and material residue, and how to enable it to dynamically adjust its operating status according to the different properties of fruit juice, so as to balance the degassing efficiency of high-viscosity fruit pulp and juice with the anti-splashing effect of low-viscosity juice, has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a degassing device for fruit juice beverage production. Specifically, the technical solution of the present invention includes: Vacuum degassing tank; A variable frequency drive motor is connected to the vacuum degassing tank via a top flange; The motor spindle passes through the mechanical seal structure located at the top of the vacuum degassing tank and is connected to the output end of the variable frequency drive motor; The central feed pipe is fixed to the top of the vacuum degassing tank, and the motor spindle coaxially passes through its interior. A rotating umbrella-shaped film tray is connected to the bottom end of the motor spindle, with the lower opening of the central feed tube facing its bottom surface. A streamlined impact turbulence ring is fixed to the inner side wall of the vacuum degassing tank, with its vertical height flush with the edge of the maximum outer diameter of the rotating umbrella-shaped cloth film disk. The adaptive control module adjusts the speed of the variable frequency drive motor based on the flow state of the juice on the rotating umbrella-shaped film tray, including: The effective working current acquisition unit calculates the effective working current by subtracting the periodic root mean square value of the three-phase stator current of the variable frequency drive motor from the pre-calibrated no-load running current of the motor. The resistance torque calculation unit calculates the resistance torque exerted by the juice on the rotating umbrella-shaped cloth disc based on the proportional relationship between the effective working current and the motor torque. The dynamic shear resistance conversion unit divides the resistance torque by the product of the maximum outer diameter of the rotating umbrella-shaped film disk and the average residence time of the juice on the disk surface to obtain the dynamic shear resistance of the juice. The speed regulation unit adjusts the speed of the variable frequency drive motor based on the dynamic shear resistance.

[0005] In one possible implementation, the inner diameter of the central feed tube is 100 mm, and the rotating umbrella-shaped film disc is an inverted conical stainless steel disc; wherein, the maximum outer diameter of the rotating umbrella-shaped film disc is 400 mm, the cone angle is 120°, the lower opening of the central feed tube is directly opposite the conical bottom surface of the rotating umbrella-shaped film disc, and the axial gap between the two is 20 mm.

[0006] In one possible implementation, the streamlined impact turbulence ring is an annular protrusion with a semi-circular cross-section; wherein, the streamlined impact turbulence ring is continuously distributed along the inner wall of the vacuum degassing tank in a complete circle, and the semi-circular radius of its cross-section is 30mm.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the speed adjustment unit is configured to: multiply the dynamic shear resistance by a conversion coefficient related to the surface tension of the juice to obtain an incremental value of the target speed; and superimpose the incremental value of the target speed onto a preset base speed as the real-time command speed of the variable frequency drive motor.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the base rotation speed is 300 rpm; wherein, the dynamic shear resistance is the relative slip resistance generated between the internal fiber network of the juice and the disk surface during the process of the juice being accelerated out of a stationary state by the rotating umbrella-shaped cloth film disk.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the speed regulation unit is further configured to: control the variable frequency drive motor to accelerate to 800 rpm in response to the dynamic shear resistance being greater than a preset dynamic shear resistance threshold, so that the centrifugal force flattens the high-viscosity juice into a liquid film and throws it out; and control the variable frequency drive motor to maintain at a preset base speed in response to the dynamic shear resistance being less than or equal to the preset dynamic shear resistance threshold to avoid liquid splashing.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the variable frequency drive motor is an AC servo motor; wherein the variable frequency drive motor is fixed to the top center of the vacuum degassing tank by bolts.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the central hole of the rotating umbrella-shaped fabric disc is clearance-fitted with the motor spindle; wherein the rotating umbrella-shaped fabric disc is axially fixed by an end locking nut, and the rotating umbrella-shaped fabric disc is splined to the bottom end of the motor spindle.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the vacuum degassing tank is made of food-grade stainless steel; wherein the inner surface of the vacuum degassing tank is sanitarily polished, and the top flange of the central feed pipe is connected to the feed port provided on the vacuum degassing tank.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the invention further includes: The vacuum extraction control module is used to turn on the vacuum pump, which is connected to the vacuum extraction interface provided on the vacuum degassing tank. The feeding control module is used to control the juice to continuously flow into the central feeding pipe and fall onto the center of the rotating umbrella-shaped cloth film tray and flow outward to the outer edge. The degassing module is used to cause the juice film to impact the streamlined impact turbulence ring at high linear velocity under the high-speed rotation of the variable frequency drive motor, generating fluid shearing and reversal effects to tear the pulp fiber network that encapsulates the bubbles, allowing the tiny bubbles to escape in a vacuum environment.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This equipment uses a central feed pipe in conjunction with a rotating umbrella-shaped film-forming disc, which solves the problem of easy clogging and residual material in complex flow channels, reducing the frequency of cleaning. At the same time, the degassing module, driven by a variable frequency motor at high speed, causes the juice to be spread into a liquid film by centrifugal force and impact the streamlined impact turbulence ring at high linear velocity. The fluid shearing and backflow effect generated in this process can fully tear the pulp fiber network that encapsulates the air bubbles, causing the microbubbles to escape rapidly in a vacuum environment, significantly improving the degassing efficiency. 2. This equipment is equipped with an adaptive control module, which uses an effective work current acquisition unit, a resistance torque calculation unit, and a dynamic shear resistance conversion unit to obtain the dynamic shear resistance in real time; the speed adjustment unit adjusts dynamically accordingly: when processing high-viscosity juice with pulp, it accelerates to 800 rpm in response to the increase in resistance to ensure degassing effect; when processing low-viscosity clear juice, it maintains the base speed to avoid excessive splashing; this mechanism enables the equipment to adaptively adjust according to the physical properties, taking into account the processing needs of different juices. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the vacuum degassing tank structure of the device; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional structure of the vacuum degassing tank of the device; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating umbrella-shaped film disc structure of the device; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the spline and end locking nut structure of the device; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the top flange structure of the device.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Vacuum degassing tank; 2. Variable frequency drive motor; 3. Motor spindle; 4. Mechanical seal structure; 5. Central feed pipe; 6. Rotating umbrella-shaped cloth disc; 7. Streamlined impact turbulence ring; 8. End locking nut; 9. Spline; 10. Top flange; 11. Feed inlet. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. Example

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, a degassing device for producing fruit juice beverages includes: Vacuum degassing tank 1; A variable frequency drive motor 2 is connected to a vacuum degassing tank 1 via a top flange; The motor spindle 3 passes through the mechanical seal structure 4 located at the top of the vacuum degassing tank 1 and is connected to the output end of the frequency converter drive motor 2; The central feed pipe 5 is fixed to the top of the vacuum degassing tank 1, and the motor spindle 3 coaxially passes through its interior. The rotating umbrella-shaped film tray 6 is connected to the bottom end of the motor main shaft 3, and the lower opening of the central feed pipe 5 is directly opposite its bottom surface; A streamlined impact turbulence ring 7 is fixed to the inner wall of the vacuum degassing tank 1, with its vertical height flush with the edge of the maximum outer diameter of the rotating umbrella-shaped cloth film plate 6. The adaptive control module adjusts the speed of the variable frequency drive motor 2 based on the flow state of the juice on the rotating umbrella-shaped film disc 6, including: The effective working current acquisition unit calculates the effective working current by subtracting the periodic root mean square value of the three-phase stator current of the variable frequency drive motor 2 from the pre-calibrated no-load running current of the motor. The resistance torque calculation unit calculates the resistance torque exerted by the juice on the rotating umbrella-shaped cloth film disk 6 based on the direct proportional relationship between the effective working current and the motor torque. The dynamic shear resistance conversion unit divides the resistance torque by the product of the maximum outer diameter of the rotating umbrella-shaped film disk 6 and the average residence time of the juice on the disk surface to obtain the dynamic shear resistance of the juice. The speed regulation unit adjusts the speed of the variable frequency drive motor 2 based on dynamic shear resistance. To ensure consistency between the mathematical logic and dimensions of each computational unit, the operational relationships in the aforementioned adaptive control module are represented by the following formula: Formula for calculating effective working current:

[0019] in, Effective working current, unit: A. This represents the root mean square value of the three-phase stator current of the variable frequency drive motor, in A. The pre-calibrated no-load operating current of the motor, in A; Resistant torque calculation formula:

[0020] in, The drag torque applied to the juice, in N·m. The torque-current ratio parameter is the pre-calibrated value of the motor, in N·m / A. Add a pre-established disturbance friction torque to the idling torque, unit: N·m; Dynamic shear resistance conversion formula:

[0021] in, The dynamic shear resistance of the juice is measured in N / s and represents the rate of change of resistance. The maximum outer diameter of the rotating umbrella-shaped film disc, in meters (m). The average residence time of the juice on the plate, in seconds; Real-time speed control formula:

[0022] in, Real-time command speed, unit: rpm. Base rotational speed, unit: rpm The increment of the target rotational speed, in rpm. The conversion factor is related to the surface tension of the juice, in rpm / (N / s), and its dimensions are configured to compensate for the numerical units of dynamic shear resistance and to convert them into the units of rotational speed required for motor control. Existing fruit juice deaeration equipment is prone to clogging of nozzles and porous components when processing fruit juices containing pulp or with high viscosity. Clogging reduces the deaeration area, increases cleaning frequency, and allows material residue to easily remain in the complex flow channels. Figure 2It can be seen that in this embodiment, the vacuum degassing tank 1 is used as the main support, the variable frequency drive motor 2 is installed on the top of the vacuum degassing tank 1, and the motor main shaft 3 extends into the tank through the mechanical seal structure 4 to ensure that the rotation drive and the vacuum environment are established at the same time. Further integration Figure 6 As shown, specifically, the mechanical seal structure 4 adopts a double-end mechanical seal assembly, and a sealing coolant is connected between the two end faces to form a liquid seal gas barrier layer, thereby effectively preventing external air from seeping into the vacuum degassing tank 1 when the motor spindle 3 rotates at high speed. like Figure 3 As shown, the central feed pipe 5 is fixed to the top of the vacuum degassing tank 1. Juice enters through this channel, and the motor spindle 3 is arranged through the central feed pipe 5, so that the juice falls axially to the center area of ​​the bottom surface of the rotating umbrella-shaped film plate 6. like Figure 4 As shown, the rotating umbrella-shaped film-covering disk 6 rotates under the drive of the variable frequency drive motor 2. The incoming juice spreads outward into a continuous liquid layer under the centrifugal action. After the liquid layer reaches the outer edge of the film-covering disk, it is thrown towards the inner wall of the vacuum degassing tank 1 and impacts the streamlined impact turbulence ring 7 set at the corresponding height. Here, "aligned" means that the horizontal line of the geometric center of the streamlined impact turbulence ring 7 coincides with the horizontal plane where the edge of the maximum outer diameter of the rotating umbrella-shaped film disk 6 is located in vertical height. The streamlined impact turbulence ring 7 is used to change the direction of liquid flow and increase local shear, so that the tiny bubbles wrapped in the fiber network inside the juice are exposed to the vacuum environment and escape. In order to enable the equipment to adapt to juices with different viscosities and different pulp contents, the adaptive control module continuously reads the three-phase stator current of the variable frequency drive motor 2 and performs difference processing with the pre-calibrated motor no-load running current to obtain the effective working current that only reflects the work done by the load. Since the electromagnetic torque and current in the AC servo system are proportional under the set operating conditions, the resistance torque calculation unit calculates the resistance torque of the juice acting on the rotating umbrella-shaped film plate 6 based on this proportional relationship; the dynamic shear resistance conversion unit divides the resistance torque by the product of the maximum outer diameter of the rotating umbrella-shaped film plate 6 and the average residence time of the juice on the plate surface to obtain the dynamic shear resistance. In the context of this invention, dynamic shear resistance represents the rate of change of resistance of the internal fiber network and viscous system of the juice to the acceleration of the disk surface during the process of the juice changing from being stationary to rotating with the disk and being thrown outward. Its numerical change is related to the degree of bubble encapsulation inside the juice and the difficulty of film formation. The speed control unit outputs a new speed command accordingly, enabling high-viscosity juice to achieve centrifugal acceleration to reach the preset degassing acceleration threshold, while low-viscosity clear juice maintains the preset base speed, thereby completing degassing without using microporous atomizing components. This structure combines a large-diameter anti-clogging arrangement with real-time speed control based on resistance torque, taking into account both easy cleaning and adaptability to different juice properties. To ensure that the above adaptive control process has a clear data source, the effective working current acquisition unit does not directly use a certain instantaneous phase current value as the basis for judgment. Instead, it reads the amplitude signal of the three-phase stator current in one sampling period, first eliminates the spike interference that exceeds the preset safety range, and then converts it into a current characterization value that represents the load level of that period. Specifically, to eliminate obvious spike interference, a median filtering algorithm is used, which involves collecting multiple instantaneous current amplitudes within a sampling period, sorting them, and taking the median value as the effective sample to eliminate extreme values ​​caused by power grid fluctuations or hardware noise. Converting to a current characterization value involves performing root mean square (RMS) calculations on the effective samples within the cycle to obtain the RMS current value for that cycle as the characterization value; then comparing it with a pre-calibrated no-load operating current reference value at the corresponding speed, and using the difference between the two as the effective working current. This explicit filtering and root mean square calculation logic ensures that the current data of the input resistance torque calculation unit is stable and accurately reflects the electromagnetic work done. The no-load operating current reference value here is the current reference value that is measured in advance and stored in the controller under the conditions that the vacuum degassing tank 1 is empty, the rotating umbrella-shaped film plate 6 has no juice load, and is at the same speed. Its physical meaning is the basic current required for the motor to overcome its own mechanical friction, sealing resistance and no-load loss. After using this difference processing, the machine loss that is unrelated to the juice load can be separated from the sampled value. The processing flow of the resistance torque calculation unit is as follows: first, read the current effective working current; then call the torque-current ratio parameter of the AC servo motor pre-calibrated in the working range; then map the effective working current to the current load torque; after deducting the known idling additional disturbance, the remaining part is used as the resistance torque applied to the rotating umbrella-shaped cloth film disk 6. The known additional disturbance during idling refers to the dynamic change in the friction torque at the mechanical seal structure 4 caused by the vacuum fluctuation in the vacuum degassing tank 1 during actual degassing operation. This dynamic change is independent of the basic idling loss and is obtained by looking up a table using a pre-established mapping curve between vacuum and additional friction torque. The output of the resistance torque is sent to the dynamic shear resistance conversion unit as a direct input. Therefore, the resistance torque plays an intermediate role in the control logic, connecting the motor electrical signal and the juice flow state. The average residence time of the juice on the plate refers to the average time that the juice takes from contacting the center area of ​​the bottom surface of the rotating umbrella-shaped cloth plate 6 until it reaches the edge of the maximum outer diameter of the plate and leaves the plate. This parameter can be determined in two equivalent ways: First, during the equipment commissioning phase, pre-tests are conducted for different rotation speeds and typical fruit juice types, recording the time range from the center of the juice contacting the disc to the outer edge leaving the disc, and the average value obtained is stored in the controller as lookup table data; Second, during online operation, the residence time is estimated based on the current feed flow rate, the effective spreading area of ​​the disc, and the average thickness of the liquid layer on the disc. The mathematical model for estimation is as follows: Average residence time: t = (S × h) / Q; where S is the effective spreading area of ​​the disk, in m²; h is the average thickness of the liquid layer on the disk, in m; and Q is the current feed flow rate, in m³ / s. The average thickness h of the liquid layer on the plate is obtained by looking up the pre-entered empirical values ​​of film thickness of various fruit juice materials, or by real-time feedback from the thickness sensor installed inside the vacuum degassing tank; the controller prioritizes the use of the pre-test calibration value, and then corrects it by combining the online estimated value when the fruit juice type is switched or the flow rate deviates significantly from the calibration condition; The reason for this setting is that dynamic shear resistance is not only related to the magnitude of the force, but also to the duration of the force on the juice on the plate. If the duration of the same resistance torque is less than the preset time threshold, it usually means that the juice has failed to complete the film spreading within the set limited path. The logical steps of the dynamic shear resistance conversion unit are as follows: first, obtain the resistance torque; then, read the maximum outer diameter parameter of the currently used rotating umbrella-shaped cloth film disk 6; then, retrieve or estimate the average residence time of the juice on the disk surface; then, obtain the dynamic shear resistance value according to the unified conversion rule; finally, output the value to the speed adjustment unit. The purpose of this unified conversion rule is to estimate the rate of change of dynamic resistance of the juice film through the electrical parameters of the motor without directly measuring the internal viscosity of the juice. In terms of logical structure, the rule accepts the drag torque as the numerator input and the product of the maximum outer diameter and the average residence time as the denominator input. It characterizes the physical relationship that the resistance torque experienced by the juice on the plate is not only related to the absolute viscosity of the juice, but also constrained by the centrifugal spreading distance and the duration of the force. For example, in a specific calculation embodiment, if the resistance torque applied by the juice is measured to be 2.0 N·m, the maximum outer diameter of the rotating umbrella-shaped cloth film plate 6 is 0.4 m, and the average residence time is 0.5 s, then the calculated dynamic shear resistance value is 2.0 divided by the product of 0.4 and 0.5, which is 10.0. The larger the value, the stronger the resistance of the juice to the accelerated film-forming process on the disc surface during the unit spreading distance and unit action time; the smaller the value, the lower the film-forming resistance inside the juice is compared to the critical resistance value for the formation of a continuous liquid layer. Therefore, dynamic shear resistance is not only a comprehensive characterization of the physical properties of the juice and the structural state of the pulp, but also a direct input for subsequent speed adjustment.

[0023] The inner diameter of the central feed pipe 5 is 100mm, and the rotating umbrella-shaped film plate 6 is an inverted conical stainless steel plate; the maximum outer diameter of the rotating umbrella-shaped film plate 6 is 400mm, the cone angle is 120°, the lower opening of the central feed pipe 5 is directly opposite the conical bottom surface of the rotating umbrella-shaped film plate 6, and the axial gap between the two is 20mm. The inner diameter of the central feed pipe 5 is set to 100mm. This size is used to ensure that the juice containing pulp has a sufficient flow cross section during continuous feeding, reducing the possibility of fiber clumps and pulp particles bridging and accumulating at the inlet. The rotating umbrella-shaped cloth film tray 6 adopts an inverted conical stainless steel tray structure. The stainless steel material is used to meet food contact requirements and maintain high corrosion resistance in vacuum and cleaning environments. The maximum outer diameter of the rotating umbrella-shaped film disc 6 is set to 400mm. This size allows the disc surface to have a set centrifugal spreading distance that meets the liquid layer spreading conditions, and a stable liquid layer can be formed under both basic speed and speed-increasing conditions. The cone angle is set to 120°, so that the disc surface continuously expands outward from the center to the outer edge. After the juice falls onto the cone bottom surface, there is no obvious stagnation and accumulation, but it spreads smoothly radially along the disc surface. The lower opening of the central feed pipe 5 is directly opposite the conical bottom surface of the rotating umbrella-shaped film plate 6. The axial gap between the two is set to 20mm. This gap ensures that the juice drop bundle does not mechanically interfere with the rotating component before entering the plate, and allows the juice to contact the plate surface within a shorter free fall distance, reducing splashing and secondary air entrainment. For juice containing pulp particles with a particle size exceeding the preset threshold, the combination of a 100mm large diameter and a 20mm close-range discharge can reduce particle deflection and aggregation at the outlet. For low-viscosity clarified juice, the inverted conical disk and 120° cone angle can promote the liquid to expand outward in the form of a continuous liquid layer, rather than forming discrete small droplets. Thus, the geometric parameters together determine the film-forming stability, anti-clogging ability, and initial conditions for subsequent impact degassing of this equipment.

[0024] The streamlined impact turbulence ring 7 is a ring-shaped protrusion with a semi-circular cross-section; wherein, the streamlined impact turbulence ring 7 is continuously distributed in a circle along the inner wall of the vacuum degassing tank 1, and the semi-circular arc radius of its cross-section is 30mm. The streamlined impact turbulence ring 7 is configured as a ring-shaped protrusion with a semi-circular cross-section, and is continuously distributed along the inner wall of the vacuum degassing tank 1. The semi-circular shape in this invention means that there is no sharp fold line between its liquid-facing side and the flow-guiding side. After the liquid film impacts, it can change direction along the curved surface, thereby forming a controllable backflow. If a sharp-angled baffle is used, the juice is prone to break into scattered droplets at high speeds, increasing the number of residue points inside the tank and raising the risk of secondary air entrapment; the semi-circular radius is set to 30mm to give the impact area a preset curvature gradient and meet the needs of hygienic cleaning. If the size is too small, it will cause excessive local impact and cause the fiber juice to adhere to the back flow area; if the size is too large, the ability to change the liquid flow direction will decrease, which is not conducive to the breaking of the fiber network. The streamlined impact turbulence ring 7 is continuously set along the inner wall, so that liquid films thrown from any direction can contact it, without relying on single-point impact, thus helping to achieve circumferential processing uniformity. The impact path is shorter than the preset discretization distance threshold, and the integrity of the liquid film is maintained above the set target ratio. After the liquid film contacts the semi-circular ring surface, the outer liquid changes direction along the curved surface, while the inner liquid maintains its original trend due to inertia. This creates a velocity difference in the direction of liquid film thickness, which promotes the loosening of the pulp fiber network that encapsulates the microbubbles, and the bubbles detach from the liquid phase in a vacuum environment. The full-circle turbulence ring also avoids cleaning blind spots caused by multiple independent accessories inside the tank, making it suitable for online cleaning.

[0025] The speed regulation unit is used to: multiply the dynamic shear resistance by a conversion coefficient related to the surface tension of the juice to obtain the incremental value of the target speed; and add the incremental value of the target speed to the preset base speed as the real-time command speed of the variable frequency drive motor 2. The control logic of the speed regulation unit does not directly increase the motor speed based solely on viscosity or a single current value, but incorporates the effects of dynamic shear resistance and juice surface tension into the calculation. Dynamic shear resistance reflects the internal resistance of the juice when it is accelerated and spread out on the rotating umbrella-shaped film plate 6, while juice surface tension affects the ease with which the liquid layer changes from a thick state to a thin film state. To ensure that the rotation speed setting corresponds to the two types of factors, the system pre-stores a conversion coefficient related to the surface tension of the juice; this conversion coefficient can be entered into the controller based on the product type, formula database, or pre-measured results, and is used to map the dynamic shear resistance to the target rotation speed increment value. Among them, the conversion coefficient is an empirical constant with a specific dimension. Its dimension configuration is used to offset the numerical unit of dynamic shear resistance and convert it into the speed unit required for motor control, so as to ensure the data type of the underlying calculation instructions of the adaptive control module is unified and the mapping is effective. During the calculation, the controller reads the dynamic shear resistance value and performs a multiplication operation to obtain the target speed increment value, which is then added to the base speed to form the real-time command speed. This calculation logic represents the physical causal relationship between mechanical driving force and interfacial tension: because juice with high surface tension is more likely to shrink and break when it is flattened and thrown, a larger centrifugal acceleration is needed to overcome this shrinkage tendency. For example, in a specific calculation, assuming the current dynamic shear resistance value is 10.0, if the material being processed is mango juice with high surface tension, the target speed increment is 10.0 multiplied by 20, which is 200 rpm; this increment is then added to the base speed of 300 rpm, so that the real-time command speed reaches 500 revolutions per minute. Compared with directly using a fixed high speed, this processing method can make the clear juice and pulp juice obtain different centrifugation intensities. Taking clarified apple juice as an example, the dynamic shear resistance is lower, the conversion coefficient is also smaller, the speed increment is controlled, and the real-time command speed is close to the base speed, which helps to reduce unnecessary splashing. This control method uses both material mechanical resistance and interfacial tension factors to set the drive speed, so that the mechanical film-forming process matches the physical properties of the juice itself. In this embodiment, the conversion coefficient related to the surface tension of the juice is used to characterize the influence of the juice interface contraction trend on the increase in rotational speed. Its physical meaning is: under the same dynamic shear resistance conditions, juices with higher surface tension and less likely to spread into a stable liquid film require a larger increase in rotational speed to achieve the same film spreading effect, so the corresponding conversion coefficient value is larger; juices with lower surface tension and easier to spread into a film have a smaller corresponding conversion coefficient value. This coefficient is not an arbitrary set value, but is predetermined as a material parameter in the controller. The process for determining the conversion coefficient can be as follows: First, establish a product parameter table according to the fruit juice category; then, for each type of fruit juice, enter its surface tension range through conventional surface tension measurement methods or based on the existing formula database; then, during the trial operation, observe the film-forming continuity, splashing degree, and degassing effect of the fruit juice after impacting the turbulence ring at different speeds; select the coefficient that can balance film-forming stability and avoid excessive splashing as the control parameter for this category and store it in the controller. In the specific implementation of the control program, the mapping relationship is pre-stored in the controller's memory in the form of a lookup table. The input key value of the lookup table is the surface tension range classification of the juice, and the output key value is the corresponding conversion coefficient. When the speed adjustment unit is running, it reads the formula identifier corresponding to the current production batch, retrieves the corresponding surface tension range, and then extracts the accurate conversion coefficient from the lookup table to participate in the calculation, thus clarifying the complete link of data flow from formula input to speed calculation. For the same type of juice, when changes in sugar content, pectin content or formula cause surface tension to change beyond the predetermined tolerance range, it can be recalibrated or corrected within a preset ratio range based on the original parameters. The processing sequence of the speed regulation unit is as follows: receiving the load characterization quantity of dynamic shear resistance; reading the surface tension conversion coefficient corresponding to the current production formula; obtaining the target speed increment value according to the correspondence between the two; superimposing the target speed increment value onto the base speed; and sending the resulting real-time command speed to the variable frequency drive motor 2. The role of the aforementioned target speed increment in the control logic is to convert the differences in the physical properties of the juice into an executable speed compensation amount, thereby avoiding the equipment from relying solely on a single resistance parameter and ignoring the difficulty of interface expansion. The output of this process is the real-time command speed, which is directly used as the motor control input and is further corrected by the subsequent current sampling results, thus forming a closed-loop adjustment process.

[0026] Example 2: The base rotation speed is 300 rpm; among which, the dynamic shear resistance is the relative slip resistance generated between the internal fiber network of the juice and the disk surface during the process of the juice being accelerated out of the stationary state by the rotating umbrella-shaped cloth film disk 6. The base speed is set to 300 rpm. This value serves as a reference speed for the equipment in the initial stage of feeding low-viscosity juice or feed. It can ensure that the juice entering the central area of ​​the rotating umbrella-shaped film plate 6 has basic radial spreading ability, and will not cause the clear juice to splash beyond the preset droplet escape rate before the physical properties are determined. The definition of dynamic shear resistance in this invention needs to be distinguished from conventional pipeline friction resistance; it is not the pressure loss along the conveying process, but rather the comprehensive sliding resistance formed by the internal fiber network, viscous continuous phase and pulp particle group of the juice against the relative motion of the disk surface during the entire process of the juice falling onto the rotating umbrella-shaped cloth film disk 6 from a static state, being driven, accelerated, flattened and thrown out by the disk surface. The resistance comes from the speed difference between the disc and the juice, as well as the resistance of the juice's internal structure to deformation; the system reads the three-phase stator current when running at the base speed and subtracts the no-load running current to obtain the effective working current; the resistance torque can be obtained by using the torque constant of the servo motor as the conversion basis. The drag torque, along with the outer diameter of the rotating umbrella-shaped film disk 6 and the average residence time of the juice on the disk surface, are used to calculate the dynamic shear resistance. Therefore, this parameter essentially characterizes the degree of resistance of the juice system to the film-forming acceleration process per unit outer diameter action distance and per unit action time. After the base speed is set to 300 revolutions per minute, the controller can compare the resistance differences between different batches of juice at a stable reference point, which facilitates consistent speed adjustment for materials with large variations in pulp content.

[0027] The speed regulation unit is also used to: control the variable frequency drive motor 2 to accelerate to 800 rpm in response to the dynamic shear resistance being greater than the preset dynamic shear resistance threshold, so that the centrifugal force can flatten the high viscosity juice into a liquid film and throw it out. In response to the dynamic shear resistance being less than or equal to a preset dynamic shear resistance threshold, the variable frequency drive motor is controlled to maintain a preset base speed to avoid liquid splashing. The speed regulation unit provides differentiated control for two representative types of juice. For high-viscosity juice with pulp, after entering the central feed pipe 5 and falling onto the rotating umbrella-shaped cloth film disk 6, the internal fiber network of the juice is dense and the particle content is high. When the disk drives the liquid to expand radially, it will generate a large relative sliding resistance. Based on this, the adaptive control module detects the increase in dynamic shear resistance. According to preset rules, the controller increases the speed of the variable frequency drive motor 2 from the base speed to 800 rpm. After the speed is increased, the linear velocity of the outer edge of the rotating umbrella-shaped film plate 6 increases, the thick liquid layer of juice on the plate is further thinned and thrown out. When the liquid film reaches the streamlined impact turbulence ring 7, it has momentum greater than the preset momentum threshold. The shearing and deflection generated by the impact are more conducive to breaking up the gas-filled fiber clusters. For low-viscosity clarified juice, the dynamic shear resistance is lower than the preset low-resistance threshold, indicating that the film-forming resistance of the juice itself has not reached the set level. If a high speed is still used under this condition, the liquid will form a number of tiny droplets exceeding the preset splashing standard after leaving the rotating umbrella-shaped film-forming disk 6. Some droplets may re-entrain gas in the tank. Based on this, the speed regulation unit controls the variable frequency drive motor 2 to maintain the base speed, i.e., 300 rpm, so that the clarified juice forms a liquid layer in a laminar flow state and completes impact degassing. The controller can determine whether the dynamic shear resistance has reached the set threshold under continuous sampling conditions. When the resistance is continuously higher than the threshold, it outputs an 800 rpm command. When the resistance is continuously lower than the threshold, it maintains the base speed. This hierarchical control allows the same equipment to process high-viscosity fruit juice with pulp and low-viscosity clear juice without replacing internal components. In this embodiment, the above-mentioned threshold is used as a judgment boundary value to distinguish between high viscosity juice with pulp and low viscosity clear juice. Its physical meaning is the dynamic shear resistance boundary level exhibited by the juice on the rotating umbrella-shaped film-forming disk 6 during the accelerated film formation process at the base speed. This threshold can be obtained by calibration using reference samples during the equipment commissioning phase: first, select representative low-viscosity clear juice and representative high-viscosity juice with pulp as two sets of standard materials; then, operate both within the base speed, the same vacuum degree, and the rated feed range. Record the dynamic shear resistance ranges during the stable phase; take the boundary value or intermediate transition value between the two ranges as the set threshold stored in the controller; this determination of the threshold ensures that the judgment boundary matches the structural dimensions, motor specifications and typical process conditions of the equipment. To avoid frequent switching caused by fluctuations in a single sampling, the controller does not immediately change the speed based on a single instantaneous dynamic shear resistance value, but instead makes a graded judgment based on continuous sampling results; its processing logic is as follows: first, read the dynamic shear resistance of multiple sampling cycles continuously at the base speed; Then, these sampled values ​​are compared in time. When multiple consecutive sampling periods are higher than the set threshold, the current material is determined to be in a high-resistance condition, and an acceleration command of 800 rpm is output. When multiple consecutive sampling periods are lower than the set threshold, the current material is determined to be in a low-resistance condition, and the base speed is maintained. This hierarchical control logic characterizes the system's discretized response mechanism to different resistance states; because a single instantaneous stepless speed regulation is prone to speed fluctuations that exceed the preset tolerance range when faced with uneven fruit pulp distribution, a strategy combining multi-cycle continuous judgment and threshold limits is adopted. For example, if the threshold is set to 15.0 and the sampling period is 0.1s, the controller will only confirm that the high-resistance juice has stably covered the plate when the dynamic shear resistance obtained in 5 consecutive periods is greater than 15.0, and then output the command of 800 revolutions. For transitional conditions approaching the threshold, the controller can maintain the previous speed state until the new judgment result is stable, thereby reducing speed fluctuations. In this embodiment, 800 rpm is the upper working speed for high-viscosity juice with pulp, and its function is to ensure that the outer edge of the disc has sufficient linear velocity to complete film spreading and impact turbulence. 300 rpm is used as a conservative working speed for low-viscosity clear juice to suppress excessive splashing. The two speed settings and the set threshold together form a clear control link: the dynamic shear resistance sampling result is used as the input, the set threshold is used as the classification judgment basis, and 300 rpm and 800 rpm are the corresponding output actions. Thus, a clear correspondence is formed between the input source, judgment condition and execution result in the control logic. To verify the technical effect of the above hierarchical control logic, comparative verification tests were conducted during the research and development stage. High-viscosity orange juice containing a large proportion of fruit pulp fiber and clear apple juice were used as test subjects. They were processed under conditions of no adaptive control and with the adaptive graded control of the present invention enabled. The test results showed that the degassing efficiency of orange juice was low at a fixed rotation speed, and apple juice generated a large amount of secondary splashing and air entrainment on the tank wall. When adaptive control is enabled, the controller accurately identifies the high resistance state of orange juice and maintains 800 revolutions per minute, significantly improving degassing efficiency. At the same time, when processing apple juice, it stabilizes at 300 revolutions per minute, reducing the droplet splash rate to below the set safety threshold and significantly reducing the cleaning residue rate inside the equipment. This comparative test fully demonstrates the strong correlation between the adaptive speed regulation method of the present invention and the claimed adaptability to different fruit juice properties and anti-splash effect.

[0028] Example 3: The variable frequency drive motor 2 is an AC servo motor; wherein, the variable frequency drive motor 2 is fixed to the top center of the vacuum degassing tank 1 by bolts; The variable frequency drive motor 2 adopts an AC servo motor. The role of the AC servo motor in this equipment is not only to provide rotational power, but also to undertake the functional requirements of adjustable speed and readable current feedback. Since the adaptive control module needs to continuously acquire the three-phase stator current and calculate the resistance torque based on the ratio of motor torque to current, the use of an AC servo motor can make current acquisition and torque estimation more stable. The variable frequency drive motor 2 is fixed to the top center of the vacuum degassing tank 1 by bolts, so that the motor output axis is coaxial with the central feed pipe 5 and the rotating umbrella-shaped film plate 6, reducing the eccentric load during high-speed rotation; the bolt fixing method facilitates disassembly and maintenance, and the entire drive assembly can be removed from the top of the tank when the mechanical seal structure 4, the motor main shaft 3 or the rotating umbrella-shaped film plate 6 is inspected. The top center arrangement also places the motor above the liquid phase, preventing the juice from directly contacting the motor body. Combined with the mechanical seal structure 4, it can isolate the vacuum environment inside the tank from the outside world. The AC servo motor can provide relatively stable output in the range of 300 to 800 revolutions per minute, which is suitable for the application requirements of adjusting the speed based on dynamic shear resistance in this invention.

[0029] like Figure 5 As shown, the center hole of the rotating umbrella-shaped fabric disc 6 is clearance-fitted with the motor spindle 3; wherein, the rotating umbrella-shaped fabric disc 6 is axially fixed by the end locking nut 8, and the rotating umbrella-shaped fabric disc 6 is connected to the bottom end of the motor spindle 3 by the spline 9; The center hole of the rotating umbrella-shaped fabric disc 6 is clearance-fitted with the motor spindle 3. This fit is designed to facilitate assembly and disassembly, while avoiding local deformation of the disc body due to interference fit. The rotating umbrella-shaped fabric disc 6 and the motor spindle 3 are connected by a spline 9. The spline 9 connection undertakes the torque transmission function, so that the rotational torque output by the motor spindle 3 can be reliably transmitted to the rotating umbrella-shaped fabric disc 6. The end locking nut 8 is used to achieve axial fixation, so that the rotating umbrella-shaped cloth film disk 6 does not move axially under high-speed operation and liquid load change conditions; the clearance fit, the force transmission of the spline 9 and the limiting of the locking nut work together to take into account the convenience of assembly, the reliability of transmission and the need for disassembly and cleaning. During equipment maintenance, the rotating umbrella-shaped film disc 6 can be removed along the motor spindle 3 after removing the end locking nut 8, which is suitable for regular cleaning and inspection of food equipment; the spline 9 connection instead of relying solely on friction clamping helps to maintain angular transmission synchronization when the juice load fluctuates greatly, and reduces the speed response lag caused by disc slippage. For adaptive control, the higher the consistency between the disc rotation speed and the motor spindle speed, the more stable the correspondence between the resistance torque calculated by the current and the actual liquid load. Therefore, this connection structure is directly related to the reliability of the resistance torque measurement.

[0030] Continue to refer to Figure 6 As shown, the vacuum degassing tank 1 is made of food-grade stainless steel; the inner surface of the vacuum degassing tank 1 is treated with sanitary polishing, and the top flange 10 of the central feed pipe 5 is connected to the feed port 11 provided on the vacuum degassing tank 1. The vacuum degassing tank 1 is made of food-grade stainless steel to meet the hygiene requirements, corrosion resistance requirements and structural strength requirements under vacuum conditions in the production of fruit juice beverages. The inner surface of the vacuum degassing tank 1 is treated with sanitary polishing. The surface roughness is reduced after polishing, which can reduce the adhesion of fruit juice fibers and sugars to the inner wall and improve the online cleaning effect. The central feed pipe 5 is sleeved outside the motor spindle 3. This coaxial sleeved arrangement makes the juice channel coincide with the power axis, and the incoming juice can fall directly into the central area of ​​the rotating umbrella-shaped film plate 6, reducing local liquid accumulation caused by flow deviation. The top flange 10 of the central feed pipe 5 is connected to the feed port 11 of the vacuum degassing tank 1. The flange connection is easy to disassemble and install, and is suitable for configuring sealing gaskets to maintain vacuum sealing. Since the motor spindle 3 passes through the internal space of the central feed pipe 5, a preset safety gap needs to be maintained between the central feed pipe 5 and the motor spindle 3 to prevent mechanical interference, so as to avoid rotational interference and ensure continuous juice flow. This structure allows the feeding system, drive system and deaeration area to be arranged compactly in the vertical direction, reducing additional bends and diverters, thereby reducing the number of material residue locations. For fruit juices containing pulp, the combination of a sanitary polished inner surface and simplified flow channels reduces cleaning blind spots; for high-acidity fruit juices, food-grade stainless steel can inhibit the risk of contamination caused by material corrosion.

[0031] The present invention also includes: a vacuum extraction control module, used to turn on the vacuum pump connected to the vacuum extraction interface provided on the vacuum degassing tank 1; The feeding control module is used to control the juice to continuously flow into and fall onto the center of the rotating umbrella-shaped cloth film plate 6 from the outer edge through the central feeding pipe 5; The degassing module is used to cause the juice film to impact the streamlined impact turbulence ring 7 at high linear velocity under the high-speed rotation of the variable frequency drive motor 2, generating fluid shearing and reversal effects to tear the pulp fiber network that encapsulates the bubbles, allowing the tiny bubbles to escape in a vacuum environment. This embodiment further explains the equipment operation process; the vacuum extraction control module is connected to the vacuum pump and is used to evacuate the inside of the vacuum degassing tank 1 to a predetermined vacuum level when the equipment is started; the predetermined vacuum level is set according to the type of juice and production line requirements, and its function is to reduce the external pressure conditions required for bubbles to escape from the liquid phase. The feeding control module controls the upstream feeding system to ensure that the juice flows continuously through the central feeding pipe 5. The significance of continuous flow is to maintain the stability of the liquid receiving state of the rotating umbrella-shaped film plate 6 and avoid drastic fluctuations in the thickness of the liquid layer on the plate caused by intermittent feeding. After the juice falls to the center of the rotating umbrella-shaped film plate 6, it flows outward under the rotation drive, forming a liquid layer that expands outward from the center. The degassing execution module works in conjunction with the variable frequency drive motor 2, the rotating umbrella-shaped film-forming disk 6, and the streamlined impact turbulence ring 7. When the speed regulation unit gives a higher speed command, the liquid layer forms a liquid film with a higher linear velocity on the outer edge of the film-forming disk and impacts the streamlined impact turbulence ring 7. During the impact, the liquid film changes direction along the semi-circular annular surface, the velocity difference between the outer and inner layers increases, and local shearing is formed; when the liquid falls back, the fruit pulp fiber network that encapsulates the bubbles is pulled apart, and the tiny bubbles that were originally difficult to escape are exposed to the low-pressure environment and detach from the liquid phase; After degassing, the juice flows downward along the inner wall of the vacuum degassing tank 1 and is discharged. The vacuum extraction control module, the feeding control module, and the degassing execution module correspond to the three parts of vacuum establishment, material conveying, and mechanical degassing, respectively. Together with the structural and adaptive control module, they enable juices of different viscosities to be continuously degassed in the same equipment.

[0032] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A degassing apparatus for producing a fruit juice beverage, characterized by comprising: include: Vacuum degassing tank (1); A variable frequency drive motor (2) is connected to the vacuum degassing tank (1) via a top flange. The motor spindle (3) passes through the mechanical seal structure (4) located at the top of the vacuum degassing tank (1) and is connected to the output end of the variable frequency drive motor (2); The central feed pipe (5) is fixed to the top of the vacuum degassing tank (1), and the motor spindle (3) coaxially passes through its interior; The rotating umbrella-shaped film disc (6) is connected to the bottom end of the motor main shaft (3), and the lower opening of the central feed pipe (5) is directly opposite its bottom surface; A streamlined impact turbulence ring (7) is fixed to the inner wall of the vacuum degassing tank (1), with its vertical height flush with the edge of the maximum outer diameter of the rotating umbrella-shaped cloth film disk (6); The adaptive control module adjusts the rotation speed of the variable frequency drive motor (2) based on the flow state of the juice on the rotating umbrella-shaped film disc (6), including: The effective working current acquisition unit calculates the effective working current by subtracting the periodic root mean square value of the three-phase stator current of the variable frequency drive motor (2) from the pre-calibrated no-load running current of the motor. The resistance torque calculation unit calculates the resistance torque exerted by the juice on the rotating umbrella-shaped cloth film disk (6) based on the proportional relationship between the effective working current and the motor torque. The dynamic shear resistance conversion unit divides the resistance torque by the product of the maximum outer diameter of the rotating umbrella-shaped cloth film disk (6) and the average residence time of the juice on the disk surface to obtain the dynamic shear resistance of the juice. The speed adjustment unit adjusts the speed of the variable frequency drive motor (2) based on the dynamic shear resistance.

2. The deaeration apparatus for juice beverage production according to claim 1, characterized by, The inner diameter of the central feed pipe (5) is 100mm, and the rotating umbrella-shaped fabric disc (6) is an inverted conical stainless steel disc; wherein, the maximum outer diameter of the rotating umbrella-shaped fabric disc (6) is 400mm, the cone angle is 120°, the lower end opening of the central feed pipe (5) is directly opposite the conical bottom surface of the rotating umbrella-shaped fabric disc (6), and the axial gap between the two is 20mm.

3. The deaerating apparatus for juice beverage production according to claim 1, characterized by, The streamlined impact turbulence ring (7) is a ring-shaped protrusion with a semi-circular cross-section; wherein, the streamlined impact turbulence ring (7) is continuously distributed along the inner wall of the vacuum degassing tank (1) in a complete circle, and the semi-circular radius of its cross-section is 30mm.

4. The deaerating apparatus for juice beverage production according to claim 1, characterized by The speed adjustment unit is used to: multiply the dynamic shear resistance by a conversion coefficient related to the surface tension of the juice to obtain the incremental value of the target speed; and superimpose the incremental value of the target speed onto a preset base speed as the real-time command speed of the variable frequency drive motor (2).

5. The degassing equipment for fruit juice beverage production according to claim 4, characterized in that, The base rotation speed is 300 rpm; wherein, the dynamic shear resistance is the relative slip resistance generated between the internal fiber network of the juice and the disk surface during the process of the juice being accelerated out of the stationary state by the rotating umbrella-shaped cloth film disk (6).

6. The degassing equipment for fruit juice beverage production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The speed regulation unit is also used for: In response to the dynamic shear resistance being greater than the preset dynamic shear resistance threshold, the variable frequency drive motor (2) is controlled to accelerate to 800 rpm so that the centrifugal force flattens the high viscosity juice into a liquid film and throws it out. In response to the dynamic shear resistance being less than or equal to the preset dynamic shear resistance threshold, the variable frequency drive motor (2) is controlled to maintain at a preset base speed to avoid liquid splashing.

7. The degassing equipment for fruit juice beverage production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The variable frequency drive motor (2) is an AC servo motor; wherein the variable frequency drive motor (2) is fixed to the top center of the vacuum degassing tank (1) by bolts.

8. The degassing equipment for fruit juice beverage production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The center hole of the rotating umbrella-shaped fabric disc (6) is clearance-fitted with the motor spindle (3); wherein, the rotating umbrella-shaped fabric disc (6) is axially fixed by an end locking nut (8), and the rotating umbrella-shaped fabric disc (6) is connected to the bottom end of the motor spindle (3) by a spline (9).

9. The degassing equipment for fruit juice beverage production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vacuum degassing tank (1) is made of food-grade stainless steel; the inner surface of the vacuum degassing tank (1) is treated with sanitary polishing, and the top flange (10) of the central feed pipe (5) is connected to the feed port (11) provided on the vacuum degassing tank (1).

10. The degassing equipment for fruit juice beverage production according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The vacuum extraction control module is used to turn on the vacuum pump connected to the vacuum pumping interface provided on the vacuum degassing tank (1); The feeding control module is used to control the juice to continuously flow into the center of the rotating umbrella-shaped cloth film plate (6) and fall onto the outer edge of the central feed pipe (5); The degassing module is used to cause the juice film to impact the streamlined impact turbulence ring (7) at high linear velocity under the high-speed rotation of the variable frequency drive motor (2), generating fluid shearing and reversal effects to tear the pulp fiber network that encapsulates the bubbles, so that the tiny bubbles can escape in a vacuum environment.

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