Horizontal continuous casting equipment and method for high-elasticity phosphor bronze

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of high-end equipment manufacturing and non-ferrous metal materials technology, and in particular to a horizontal continuous casting equipment for high-elasticity phosphor bronze. It includes a ladle, a tundish, a crystallization unit, pinch rolls, a dummy ingot unit, and a flame cutter. At least one side of the tundish is equipped with a rinsing unit. The crystallization unit includes a hydraulic vibrator and a crystallizer located on top of the hydraulic vibrator. The rinsing unit includes a permeable brick with at least two sets of permeable holes arranged radially along an Archimedean spiral to form a permeable hole group. The crystallizer includes a mounting base, a cooling jacket, and a crystallizer body. The permeable hole structure, arranged along an Archimedean spiral with a gradually increasing aperture, combined with independently operable ventilation channels, ensures more thorough and uniform contact between inert gas bubbles and the molten copper. Through multi-cavity independent heat exchange and a spiral cooling channel design with increasing pitch, a controllable gradient cooling field is formed along the solidification direction of the cast billet.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of high-end equipment manufacturing and non-ferrous metal materials technology, and particularly relates to continuous casting technology of copper alloys. Specifically, it relates to a horizontal continuous casting equipment for high-elasticity phosphor bronze, and also to a continuous casting method for high-elasticity phosphor bronze. Background Technology

[0002] High-elasticity phosphor bronze (8%-10% Sn content, 0.1%-0.3% P content) is a core material for electronic connectors, spring contacts, and elastic components of aerospace instruments due to its excellent elastic limit, fatigue resistance, and corrosion resistance. Horizontal continuous casting process has become the mainstream production process for high-elasticity phosphor bronze billets because of its low equipment investment, good billet surface quality, and ability to achieve near-net-shape production.

[0003] In the prior art, horizontal continuous casting equipment has been used in the production of phosphor bronze alloys. For example, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN116140564A discloses "An electromagnetic horizontal continuous casting device and method for high-tin wide-width tin-phosphor bronze alloy strip billets", which includes a horizontal continuous casting furnace holding furnace, a crystallizer, a stirring section and an AC power supply. The stirring section includes a traveling wave magnetic field generator, which improves the uniformity of alloy composition through electromagnetic stirring. Chinese Patent Publication No. CN112620600A discloses "A horizontal continuous casting equipment for high-tin phosphor bronze alloy strip billets", which includes a steel cylinder, an intermediate tank, a crystallizer, a secondary cooling zone, a straightening machine and a measuring roller. The secondary cooling zone includes multiple electromagnetic stirrers. Chinese Patent Publication No. CN218395862U discloses "A horizontal electromagnetic continuous casting equipment for thin tin-phosphor bronze strips", which uses the structural design of the second conveyor roller frame to make the copper strip interact with the electromagnetic field.

[0004] However, traditional horizontal continuous casting equipment has the following significant problems in the industrial production of high-elasticity phosphor bronze: 1. Due to its high tin content, high-elasticity phosphor bronze has a wide solidification range. Traditional parallel straight-channel crystallizers cannot achieve gradient temperature control along the solidification direction, resulting in coarse columnar crystals and severe compositional segregation inside the billet, and a significant decrease in elastic limit and fatigue life; 2. Phosphor bronze is prone to hydrogen absorption and oxide inclusions during the smelting process. The existing single inert gas (such as argon) blowing method has uneven bubble size and insufficient contact with the melt, resulting in low degassing and slag removal efficiency, leading to many porosity and inclusion defects inside the billet.

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a horizontal continuous casting equipment and method for highly elastic phosphor bronze. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, this invention provides a horizontal continuous casting equipment and method for high-elasticity phosphor bronze, which features a simple and easy-to-implement structure and high processing precision. It aims to solve the technical problems of poor crystallization effect and numerous internal pores and inclusions in the preparation of high-elasticity phosphor bronze by existing horizontal continuous casting equipment.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a horizontal continuous casting equipment for high-elasticity phosphor bronze, comprising a ladle, a tundish, a crystallization unit, a clamping roll, a dummy ingot unit, and a flame cutter arranged sequentially along the billet travel direction; at least one side of the tundish is provided with a rinsing unit; the crystallization unit includes a hydraulic vibrator and a crystallizer disposed on top of the hydraulic vibrator.

[0008] The blowing and washing unit includes a breathable brick, which has at least two sets of breathable holes. The breathable holes are arranged in an Archimedean spiral along the radial direction of the breathable brick to form a breathable hole group, and the diameter of the breathable holes increases along the spiral direction. Different breathable holes can selectively communicate with the internal space of the intermediate tundish.

[0009] The crystallizer includes a mounting base, a cooling jacket fixed on the mounting base, and a crystallizer body coaxially embedded in the cooling jacket. At least one partition is fixed inside the cooling jacket along the billet travel direction. The partition divides the internal space of the cooling jacket into at least two heat exchange chambers. Each heat exchange chamber is fixed with a spiral flow channel, and the pitch of the spiral flow channel increases along the billet travel direction.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the blowing and washing unit further includes a steel sleeve, a spiral air passage, an air inlet pipe, and a first solenoid valve;

[0011] The steel sleeve is wrapped around the outside of the breathable brick, and its top is provided with a vent that communicates with the vent hole group. A temporary storage cavity is reserved between the bottom surface of the breathable brick and the inner bottom surface of the steel sleeve.

[0012] Multiple spiral air channels are arranged in an Archimedean spiral and fixed between the bottom surface of the breathable brick and the inner bottom surface of the steel sleeve. Each spiral air channel is connected to the corresponding air hole.

[0013] Multiple air intake pipes are fixed to the bottom surface of the steel sleeve and connected to the corresponding spiral air passages, and the first solenoid valve is fixed to the bottom end of the air intake pipe.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer surface of the cooling jacket is provided with an inlet and an outlet corresponding to the top and bottom of each heat exchange chamber, and the liquid inlet end of the inlet is connected to a second solenoid valve.

[0015] The outer side of the cooling jacket is provided with a temperature sensor mounting port corresponding to each heat exchange cavity.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the crystallizer further includes a capping plate;

[0017] The two pressure caps are respectively fixed to the top and bottom of the cooling jacket, and an annular sealing groove is provided on the side of the pressure cap that contacts the crystallizer body, and a U-shaped sealing ring is embedded in the sealing groove.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the pressure cap is provided with four sets of foot roller units evenly distributed along the circumference. Each foot roller unit includes a mounting frame, a first H-shaped plate, a second H-shaped plate, a pressure sensor, a roller body, a servo electric cylinder, a guide rod, and a telescopic spring.

[0019] Two mounting brackets are symmetrically fixed to the bottom surface of the cover, and guide sliding holes are provided on the mounting brackets;

[0020] The first H-shaped plate is slidably installed in the guide hole, and the first H-shaped plate has a mounting hole, and the second H-shaped plate is slidably installed in the mounting hole;

[0021] The pressure sensor is fixed in the mounting hole, and the detection surface of the pressure sensor abuts against the end face of the second H-shaped plate.

[0022] The roller is rotatably mounted between two second H-shaped plates;

[0023] One end of the servo electric cylinder is pivotally connected to the mounting bracket, and the other end is pivotally connected to the first H-shaped plate;

[0024] One end of the guide rod is fixedly connected to the first H-shaped plate, and the other end is movably extended to the outside of the mounting frame;

[0025] The telescopic spring is sleeved on the guide rod and located between the inner wall of the guide sliding hole and the first H-shaped plate.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ingot-drawing unit includes a connecting frame, a chain, an adaptive buffer connecting mechanism, an adapter plate, an ingot-drawing plate, and an ingot-drawing head;

[0027] The chain is pivotally connected to one end of the connecting frame, and the adapter plate is installed on the other end of the connecting frame using an adaptive buffer connection mechanism.

[0028] One end of the siphon plate is detachably connected to the adapter plate, and the other end is pivotally connected to the siphon head. An L-shaped liquid groove is provided on the siphon head.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adaptive buffer connection mechanism includes a fixed block and a magnetorheological buffer;

[0030] The connecting frame has a through hole, the adapter plate is movably inserted through the through hole, the fixing block is fixed in the through hole, one end of the magnetorheological buffer is pivotally connected to the fixing block, and the other end is pivotally connected to one end of the adapter plate extending out of the through hole;

[0031] The magnetorheological damper includes a base, a cylinder fixed on the base, a piston rod, a piston head, a flow hole, an adjustable limit plate, and a buffer spring.

[0032] One end of the piston rod is embedded in the cylinder body, the piston head is fixed to the embedded end of the piston rod, and an electromagnetic coil is provided inside the piston head. Multiple circumferentially evenly distributed flow holes are opened on the piston head.

[0033] The adjustable limiting disc is spirally mounted on the outer end of the piston rod, and the buffer spring is sleeved on the base and located between the base and the adjustable limiting disc.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ingot-drawing unit further includes a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate, and an extension plate;

[0035] One end of the first connecting plate is pivotally connected to the lead plate, and the other end is fixed with a first L-shaped buckle. A positioning block is fixed at the end of the first L-shaped buckle away from the first connecting plate, and the positioning block is provided with a second threaded hole.

[0036] One end of the second connecting plate is pivotally connected to the adapter plate, and the other end is fixed with a second L-shaped buckle. The second connecting plate is provided with a positioning groove that matches the first L-shaped buckle and a first countersunk hole that corresponds to the second threaded hole. The first L-shaped buckle and the second L-shaped buckle are engaged with each other.

[0037] One side of the extension plate is fixed with a T-shaped insert plate, and the other side and the outer side of the spindle head are provided with T-shaped slots that are compatible with the T-shaped insert plate.

[0038] The ingot head is provided with a first threaded hole, and the extension plate is provided with a second countersunk hole and a third threaded hole corresponding to the first threaded hole.

[0039] A continuous casting method for highly elastic phosphor bronze, implemented using the horizontal continuous casting equipment described in any one of the above inventions, includes the following steps:

[0040] Step 1: Melt the high-elasticity phosphor bronze raw material to the preset temperature to obtain a qualified melt, and then stably transport it to the tundish through a ladle;

[0041] Step 2: Inert gas at a preset pressure and flow rate is introduced into the melt in the tundish through the purging unit to adsorb hydrogen and oxide inclusions in the melt and remove them by floating to the surface, thus completing the online degassing and impurity removal of the melt.

[0042] Step 3: The purified melt enters the main body of the crystallizer and forms a preset gradient cooling field along the solidification direction of the billet through the cooling jacket with a spiral gradient cooling structure. Combined with the high-frequency vibration of the hydraulic vibrator, the billet achieves directional solidification and grain refinement.

[0043] Step 4: The adaptive buffer connection mechanism of the ingot drawing unit buffers the dynamic impact of the ingot drawing process, and in conjunction with the guidance of the foot roller unit and the clamping roller, the stable traction of the billet is achieved.

[0044] Step 5: Use a flame cutter to cut the drawn-out billet to length to obtain the finished high-elasticity phosphor bronze billet.

[0045] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step four, the damping force of the magnetorheological buffer is adjusted in real time according to the change of the drawing resistance.

[0046] And / or, depending on the specifications of the cast billet, the spacing of the rollers is adjusted by a servo electric cylinder.

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0048] 1. The structure of the vents is arranged in an Archimedes spiral pattern with a gradient increase in pore size. Combined with the independently controllable ventilation channels, the inert gas bubbles can come into more thorough and uniform contact with the copper melt, effectively adsorbing and removing hydrogen and oxide inclusions in the melt, thus improving the purity of the billet.

[0049] 2. In response to the wide solidification range of high-elasticity phosphor bronze, a controllable gradient cooling field is formed along the solidification direction of the billet by using a multi-cavity independent heat exchange and a spiral cooling channel with increasing pitch. Combined with high-frequency vibration of the hydraulic vibrator, this effectively suppresses the coarse growth of columnar crystals, refines the grains, reduces compositional segregation, and improves the elastic limit and fatigue life of the billet.

[0050] Other additional advantages and benefits of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0051] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0052] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the rinsing unit in this invention;

[0054] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the isometric structure of the permeable brick in this invention;

[0055] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the isometric structure of the crystallizer in this invention;

[0056] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of the crystallizer in this invention;

[0057] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the diagram;

[0058] Figure 7 This is a partial isometric structural diagram of the foot roller unit in this invention;

[0059] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the isometric structure of the ingot-drawing unit in this invention;

[0060] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 A magnified schematic diagram of the adaptive buffer connection mechanism in the diagram;

[0061] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the isometric structure of the ingot head in this invention;

[0062] Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 Enlarged structural diagram at point B in the diagram;

[0063] Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 10 Enlarged structural diagram at point C;

[0064] Figure 13 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the magnetorheological buffer structure in this invention.

[0065] In the picture: 1. Ladle of molten steel;

[0066] 2. Intermediate package;

[0067] 3. Blowing and washing unit; 31. Breathable brick; 311. Breathable hole group; 3111. Breathable hole; 32. Steel sleeve; 321. Breathing port; 33. Temporary storage chamber; 34. Spiral air passage; 35. Air inlet pipe; 36. First solenoid valve;

[0068] 4. Crystallization unit; 41. Hydraulic vibrator; 42. Crystallizer; 421. Mounting base; 422. Crystallizer body; 423. Cooling jacket; 4231. Partition plate; 4232. Spiral flow channel; 4233. Inlet; 4234. Outlet; 4235. Temperature sensor mounting port; 424. Pressure cap; 4241. Sealing groove; 425. Foot roller unit; 4251. Mounting bracket; 4252. Guide slide hole; 4253. First H-shaped plate; 4254. Mounting hole; 4255. Second H-shaped plate; 4256. Pressure sensor; 4257. Roller body; 4258. Servo electric cylinder; 4259. Guide rod; 4250. Telescopic spring; 426. Second solenoid valve; 427. U-shaped sealing ring;

[0069] 5. Clamping rollers;

[0070] 6. Die-drawing unit; 61. Connecting frame; 611. Through hole; 62. Chain; 63. Adaptive buffer connection mechanism; 631. Fixing block; 632. Magnetorheological damper; 6321. Base; 6322. Cylinder; 6323. Piston rod; 6324. Piston head; 6325. Electromagnetic coil; 6326. Flow hole; 6327. Adjustable limit plate; 6328. Buffer spring; 64. Adapter plate; 65. Die-drawing unit Plate; 66. Injector head; 661. L-shaped liquid groove; 662. First threaded hole; 67. First connecting plate; 671. First L-shaped buckle; 672. Positioning block; 6721. Second threaded hole; 68. Second connecting plate; 681. Second L-shaped buckle; 682. Positioning groove; 683. First countersunk hole; 69. Extension plate; 691. T-shaped insert plate; 692. T-shaped slot; 693. Second countersunk hole; 694. Third threaded hole;

[0071] 7. Flame cutter. Detailed Implementation

[0072] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0073] Example 1

[0074] This embodiment focuses on the industrial-scale continuous casting production of QSn8-0.3 high-elasticity phosphor bronze φ60mm round billets with a Sn content of 8.0% and a P content of 0.25%. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1The present invention provides the following technical solution: a horizontal continuous casting equipment for high elasticity phosphor bronze, comprising a ladle 1, an intermediate ladle 2, a crystallization unit 4, a clamping roll 5, an ingot drawing unit 6 and a flame cutter 7 arranged sequentially along the billet travel direction.

[0075] In this embodiment, the tundish 2 is constructed with magnesium chromium refractory material and has an effective volume of 0.8 m³. The outlet of the tundish 2 and the inlet of the crystallizer 42 are sealed and connected by a high-density graphite guide sleeve. Two sets of rinsing units 3 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the tundish 2. The two sets of rinsing units 3 are staggered along the melt flow direction of the tundish 2 (e.g., staggered by 150 mm) to avoid mutual interference of bubble flow and ensure uniform purification of the entire cross section of the melt.

[0076] Depend on Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the blowing and washing unit 3 includes a permeable brick 31, a steel sleeve 32, a temporary storage chamber 33, a spiral air passage 34, an air inlet pipe 35, and a first solenoid valve 36. In this embodiment, the permeable brick 31 is made of fused alumina-silicon nitride composite material, with a room temperature compressive strength ≥120MPa and a high temperature flexural strength ≥25MPa (1400℃), exhibiting excellent thermal shock resistance. The permeable brick 31 is cylindrical in shape, with a diameter of 180mm and a height of 120mm. Two sets of permeable hole groups 311 are provided inside the permeable brick 31, each set containing 15 permeable holes 3111. The 15 permeable holes 3111 are evenly arranged along the radial direction of the permeable brick 31 in an Archimedean spiral, and the polar coordinate equation of the spiral is: The permeable bricks cover a radial range of 10mm-90mm.

[0077] In addition, the diameter of the vent 3111 increases linearly from the inside to the outside along the spiral direction. In this embodiment, the minimum diameter is 0.8 mm, the maximum diameter is 2.5 mm, and the diameter increment of adjacent vent 3111 is 0.24 mm, so that the vent 3111 at different radial positions outputs bubble flow of gradient size, thereby expanding the contact area and residence time with the copper melt.

[0078] In this embodiment, the steel sleeve 32 is made of 06Cr19Ni10 stainless steel with a wall thickness of 8mm. The space between the steel sleeve 32 and the permeable brick 31 is sealed with high-temperature refractory mortar to prevent air leakage. The vent 321 at the top of the steel sleeve 32 is a circular array of through holes with a diameter of 3mm and a spacing of 5mm. The coverage area of ​​the vent 321 corresponds completely to the arrangement area of ​​the vent hole group 311 to ensure uniform airflow. The temporary storage cavity 33 between the bottom surface of the permeable brick 31 and the inner bottom surface of the steel sleeve 32 has a height of 15mm and is used to fix the spiral air passage 34.

[0079] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the number of spiral air channels 34 corresponds one-to-one with the number of vent groups 311, and is used to introduce inert gas into the corresponding vent groups 3111. The spiral air channels 34 are made of 95% alumina ceramic material, and the spiral direction of the spiral air channels 34 is completely consistent with the direction of the Archimedean spiral of the vent group 311, so that the airflow enters the vent group 3111 smoothly along the spiral path, avoiding airflow turbulence that causes bubble breakage and uneven size. In addition, each spiral air channel 34 is connected to one air inlet pipe 35. The air inlet pipe 35 is made of 304 stainless steel pipe with an outer diameter of 10mm and a wall thickness of 1mm. Each air inlet pipe 35 is equipped with a first solenoid valve 36. The first solenoid valve 36 is a high-temperature precision solenoid valve with a temperature resistance of ≥150℃. It can independently control the opening and closing of the corresponding vent group 3111, as well as the air inlet pressure and flow rate, to achieve precise control of the purification effect.

[0080] During the continuous casting process, the blowing unit 3 operates continuously. Based on the hydrogen content and oxide inclusion content detected online in the tundish 2, the corresponding number of vent holes 3111 are selectively opened through the first solenoid valve 36 to introduce high-purity argon into the melt. The inlet pressure is controlled at 0.12-0.25MPa, and the single-hole inlet flow rate is 0.5-2.0L / min.

[0081] Argon gas enters the vent 3111 through the inlet pipe 35 and the spiral gas channel 34, and is evenly dispersed into the copper melt through the vent 321, forming argon bubbles of different sizes. As the argon bubbles rise along the spiral path, they fully adsorb hydrogen and oxide inclusions such as SnO and Cu2O in the melt. After rising to the surface of the melt, they are continuously discharged through the slag removal port of the tundish 2, thus realizing online degassing and impurity removal of the melt.

[0082] Depend on Figures 4-6 As shown, in this embodiment, the crystallization unit 4 is the core unit for solidification and forming of the billet, consisting of a hydraulic vibrator 41 and a crystallizer 42. It achieves gradient cooling and grain refinement in response to the wide solidification range of high-elasticity phosphor bronze.

[0083] In this embodiment, the hydraulic vibrator 41 adopts a servo hydraulic high-frequency vibration table with an adjustable vibration frequency of 0-200Hz and an adjustable amplitude of ±0.1-±2mm. The vibration waveform can be selected as a sine wave, triangular wave, or sawtooth wave. In this embodiment, the vibration direction of the hydraulic vibrator 41 is parallel to the billet's travel direction, and a sine wave vibration is adopted with a vibration frequency of 80Hz and an amplitude of ±0.5mm. This is used to suppress the adhesion between the billet and the inner wall of the crystallizer body 422, improve the surface quality of the billet, and at the same time break up the dendrites at the solidification front, increase the nucleation core, and refine the grains.

[0084] The crystallizer 42 includes a mounting base 421, a cooling jacket 423 fixed on the mounting base 421, a crystallizer body 422 coaxially embedded in the cooling jacket 423, a pressure cover 424, a foot roller unit 425, a second solenoid valve 426, and a U-shaped sealing ring 427.

[0085] In this embodiment, the mounting base 421 is a welded structure made of No. 45 steel and is fixed to the top platform of the hydraulic vibrator 41 by bolts; the crystallizer body 422 is made of high-density isostatic high-purity graphite, with an inner diameter of 60mm, an effective crystallization length of 450mm, an inner wall roughness Ra≤0.4μm, and a graphite thermal conductivity ≥120W / (m·K), ensuring heat exchange efficiency and billet surface quality; the cooling jacket 423 is made of 06Cr19Ni10 stainless steel, with an interference fit between its inner diameter and the outer diameter of the crystallizer body 422, with an interference of 0.03-0.05mm, ensuring tight contact, eliminating contact thermal resistance, and improving heat exchange uniformity.

[0086] Furthermore, two baffles 4231 are arranged inside the cooling jacket 423 along the billet travel direction, which divide the internal space of the cooling jacket 423 into three independent heat exchange chambers along the billet solidification direction. From the melt inlet to the billet outlet, they are the first heat exchange chamber, the second heat exchange chamber, and the third heat exchange chamber, respectively. The axial length of each heat exchange chamber is 150 mm, and a stainless steel spiral flow channel 4232 is welded and fixed in each heat exchange chamber. The pitch of the spiral flow channel 4232 increases along the billet travel direction. In this embodiment, the pitch of the spiral flow channel 4232 in the first heat exchange chamber is 30 mm, the pitch in the second heat exchange chamber is 50 mm, and the pitch in the third heat exchange chamber is 80 mm. This variable pitch structure makes the flow velocity of the cooling water in the heat exchange chamber gradually decrease along the billet travel direction, and the heat exchange intensity gradually weakens. This matches the solidification law of high elastic phosphor bronze and forms a controllable gradient cooling field along the billet solidification direction.

[0087] Furthermore, in this embodiment, each heat exchange cavity has a cooling jacket 423 with one inlet 4233 and one outlet 4234 on its outer side. The inlet 4233 is located at the top of the heat exchange cavity, and the outlet 4234 is located at the bottom of the heat exchange cavity. Each inlet 4233 is connected to a second solenoid valve 426. The second solenoid valve 426 is a proportional solenoid valve, which can independently adjust the cooling water flow rate and inlet pressure of the corresponding heat exchange cavity to achieve independent control of the cooling intensity of each heat exchange cavity. A temperature sensor mounting port 4235 is provided on the cooling jacket 423 corresponding to each heat exchange cavity. A K-type armored thermocouple is inserted into the mounting port with a temperature measurement range of 0-200℃. It is used to detect the cooling water outlet temperature of the corresponding heat exchange cavity in real time, control the cooling water flow rate in a closed loop, and ensure the stability of the gradient cooling field.

[0088] A pressure cap 424 is fixed to the inlet and outlet ends of the cooling jacket 423 by bolts. The pressure cap 424 is made of 45 steel. An annular sealing groove 4241 is opened on the side of the pressure cap 424 that contacts the crystallizer body 422. The cross-section of the sealing groove 4241 is U-shaped, and a U-shaped sealing ring 427 is embedded in the groove. The U-shaped sealing ring 427 is made of fluororubber and has a temperature resistance of ≥200℃. It is used to seal the gap between the cooling jacket 423 and the crystallizer body 422 to prevent cooling water leakage and safety accidents. In this embodiment, the inlet end pressure cap 424 is sealed to the outlet flange of the intermediate ladle 2, and a foot roller unit 425 is installed at the bottom of the outlet end pressure cap 424.

[0089] The working process of crystallization unit 4 in this embodiment: The purified copper melt enters the inner hole of the crystallizer body 422 from the tundish 2, and achieves directional solidification through gradient cooling of three heat exchange chambers. In this embodiment, the inlet temperature of the cooling water in the three heat exchange chambers is controlled at 25±2℃. The inlet water pressure of the first heat exchange chamber is 0.4MPa and the flow rate is 8m³ / h; the inlet water pressure of the second heat exchange chamber is 0.3MPa and the flow rate is 5m³ / h; and the inlet water pressure of the third heat exchange chamber is 0.2MPa and the flow rate is 3m³ / h. This causes the inner wall temperature of the crystallizer body 422 to gradually decrease from 1080℃ to 950℃ along the direction of billet movement, matching the solidification range of high-elasticity phosphor bronze (liquid phase 1030℃, solid phase 870℃). This allows the billet to form a directional solidification structure from the outside to the inside, avoiding coarse growth of columnar crystals and compositional segregation.

[0090] Simultaneously, the high-frequency vibration of the hydraulic vibrator 41 continuously breaks up the dendrites at the solidification front, increasing the number of equiaxed crystal nuclei.

[0091] Depend on Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, four sets of foot roller units 425 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the billet at the bottom of the outlet end cap 424. The four sets of foot roller units 425 are located in the front, back, left and right directions of the billet, forming a circumferential encircling guide support for the billet. This provides rigid support for the billet that has just exited the crystallizer body 422 and has a relatively thin shell, preventing bulging deformation and suppressing radial runout of the billet.

[0092] In this embodiment, each set of foot roller units 425 includes a mounting frame 4251, a first H-shaped plate 4253, a second H-shaped plate 4255, a pressure sensor 4256, a roller body 4257, a servo electric cylinder 4258, a guide rod 4259, and a telescopic spring 4250, wherein:

[0093] In each set of foot roller units 425, two mounting brackets 4251 are symmetrically welded and fixed to the bottom surface of the pressure cover 424. The mounting brackets 4251 are made of No. 45 steel with a thickness of 15mm. Two coaxial guide sliding holes 4252 with a diameter of 20mm are opened on the mounting brackets 4251. The first H-shaped plate 4253 is slidably installed in the guide sliding hole 4252, and the middle part of the first H-shaped plate 4253 is provided with a mounting hole 4254. The second H-shaped plate 4255 is slidably installed in the mounting hole 4254, and the sliding direction is consistent with the sliding direction of the first H-shaped plate 4253.

[0094] In addition, the pressure sensor 4256 adopts a high-precision piezoresistive pressure sensor with a range of 0-5000N. The pressure sensor 4256 is fixed to the inner wall of the mounting hole 4254 by bolts, and the detection surface abuts against the end face of the second H-shaped plate 4255. It is used to detect the contact pressure between the roller body 4257 and the billet in real time to realize closed-loop control. The roller body 4257 is made of GCr15 bearing steel. The roller surface of the roller body 4257 is an arc-shaped surface that matches the outer diameter of the billet. The roller body 4257 is rotatably installed between the two second H-shaped plates 4255 through needle roller bearings. The rotation is flexible and without jamming, avoiding scratching the surface of the billet.

[0095] The servo electric cylinder 4258 has a rated thrust of 5000N and a stroke of 50mm. The tail of the cylinder body of the servo electric cylinder 4258 is pivotally connected to the mounting bracket 4251 via a trunnion. The end of the push rod is pivotally connected to the side of the first H-shaped plate 4253 via a fisheye joint. It is used to drive the first H-shaped plate 4253 to slide radially and adjust the radial position of the roller body 4257 to adapt to different specifications of billets. One end of the guide rod 4259 is fixedly connected to the first H-shaped plate 4253 via a thread, and the other end is movably inserted to the outside of the mounting bracket 4251. The telescopic spring 4250 is made of 65Mn spring steel and is sleeved on the guide rod 4259. Its two ends abut against the inner wall of the guide sliding hole 4252 and the end face of the first H-shaped plate 4253, respectively. It is used to provide pre-tightening buffer force to counteract the radial runout of the billet during the movement and avoid rigid impact.

[0096] The working process of the foot roller unit 425 in this embodiment is as follows: Before continuous casting production, according to the specifications of the billet (φ60mm in this embodiment), the first H-shaped plate 4253 is driven to slide by the servo electric cylinder 4258, and the center distance of the four sets of rollers 4257 is adjusted to 60mm, so that the roller surface of the roller 4257 is in contact with the surface of the billet. The contact pressure is detected in real time by the pressure sensor 4256, and the pre-tightening pressure is controlled at 500±50N.

[0097] During continuous casting, the pressure sensor 4256 provides real-time feedback on pressure changes, and the servo cylinder 4258 finely adjusts the position of the roller 4257 in real time according to the pressure feedback to ensure stable contact pressure and avoid scratches or deformation on the surface of the billet. In this embodiment, the ring-shaped support formed by the four sets of foot roller units 425 can effectively support the thin-shell billet that has just been pulled out of the crystallizer 42, preventing the billet from bulging and deforming.

[0098] Depend on Figure 1 , Figures 8-13 As shown, the ingot-drawing unit 6 is the power execution unit for traction of the billet. It includes a connecting frame 61, a chain 62, an adaptive buffer connecting mechanism 63, a transfer plate 64, an ingot-drawing plate 65, an ingot-drawing head 66, a first connecting plate 67, a second connecting plate 68, and an extension plate 69. In this embodiment, the clamping rollers 5 adopt an upper and lower roller structure with a total of 20 sets, which work together with the ingot-drawing unit 6 to achieve stable traction of the billet.

[0099] In this embodiment, the connecting frame 61 adopts a Q355B steel plate welded box structure with a bending section modulus ≥500cm³ to avoid deformation during traction. One end of the connecting frame 61 is pivotally connected to the end of the chain 62 through a pin. The chain 62 adopts a heavy-duty roller chain with a pitch of 31.75mm and a breaking load ≥200kN. The chain 62 meshes with the drive sprocket of the traction machine to provide traction power. The other end of the connecting frame 61 has a square through hole 611. The adapter plate 64 is a Q355B square steel plate with a thickness of 20mm, which is movably inserted into the through hole 611 and can slide freely along the billet travel direction.

[0100] In this embodiment, the adaptive buffer connection mechanism 63 includes a fixed block 631 and a magnetorheological buffer 632. The fixed block 631 is fixed to the inner wall of the through hole 611 by bolts. Both ends of the magnetorheological buffer 632 are pivotally connected to the ends of the fixed block 631 and the adapter plate 64 respectively through fisheye connectors.

[0101] In this embodiment, the magnetorheological damper 632 includes a base 6321, a cylinder 6322 fixed on the base 6321, a piston rod 6323, a piston head 6324, a flow hole 6326, an adjustable limiting plate 6327, and a buffer spring 6328, wherein:

[0102] The base 6321 is fixed to the end of the cylinder 6322 by bolts. The cylinder 6322 is made of seamless steel pipe of No. 45 steel, with an inner diameter of 80mm and a wall thickness of 10mm. The cylinder 6322 is filled with carbonyl iron powder-based magnetorheological fluid. The magnetorheological fluid has a shear yield strength ≥80kPa and a response time ≤10ms, and has the characteristic of continuously adjustable damping force. The piston rod 6323 is made of 40Cr material, with a diameter of 30mm. One end is embedded in the cylinder 6322. The piston head 6324 is fixed to the embedded end of the piston rod 6323 by threads. The outer diameter of the piston head 6324 is clearance-fitted with the inner diameter of the cylinder 6322, with a clearance of 0.1-0.2mm.

[0103] The electromagnetic coil 6325 inside the piston head 6324 is made of high-temperature resistant enameled wire with a rated voltage of DC24V. The magnetic field strength can be changed by adjusting the coil current, thereby adjusting the shear yield strength of the magnetorheological fluid and realizing continuous stepless adjustment of the damping force. Four circumferentially evenly distributed flow holes 6326 with a diameter of 10mm are opened on the piston head 6324. The magnetorheological fluid can flow between the chambers on both sides of the piston head 6324 through the flow holes 6326 to achieve damping buffer.

[0104] The piston rod 6323 has external threads machined on its outer end. The adjustable limit plate 6327 is a round locking nut, which is screwed onto the outer end of the piston rod 6323. Its axial position can be adjusted by rotation to limit the maximum stroke of the piston rod 6323. The buffer spring 6328 is a 60Si2Mn cylindrical helical compression spring. Its two ends abut against the end face of the base 6321 and the end face of the adjustable limit plate 6327, respectively, to provide initial buffer force and to reset the piston rod 6323 after traction ends.

[0105] In this embodiment, the dummy bar plate 65 is made of 40Cr material, with a length of 800mm. One end is detachably connected to the adapter plate 64, and the other end is pivotally connected to the dummy bar head 66 via a pin. The dummy bar head 66 is made of high-density graphite material, and its outer diameter is fitted with the inner diameter of the crystallizer body 422 with a clearance of 0.1-0.15mm to ensure that the dummy bar head 66 can be smoothly inserted into the crystallizer body 422. An L-shaped liquid groove 661 is opened on the outer circumference of the dummy bar head 66, and one end of the L-shaped liquid groove 661 extends to the end face of the dummy bar head 66. When casting begins, the copper molten metal enters the L-shaped liquid groove 661 and solidifies, so that the dummy bar head 66 and the billet head form a firm mechanical engagement, ensuring that the billet does not detach during the traction process.

[0106] In this embodiment, a quick-release connection structure is provided between the guide plate 65 and the adapter plate 64, including a first connecting plate 67 and a second connecting plate 68. One end of the first connecting plate 67 is pivotally connected to the end of the guide plate 65 via a pin, and the other end is integrally formed with a first L-shaped buckle 671. The end of the first L-shaped buckle 671 is integrally formed with a positioning block 672, and the positioning block 672 has two second threaded holes 6721. One end of the second connecting plate 68 is pivotally connected to the end of the adapter plate 64 via a pin, and the other end is integrally formed with a second L-shaped buckle 6721. The first L-shaped buckle 681 and the second L-shaped buckle 681 are provided with a positioning groove 682 adapted to the positioning block 672, and a first countersunk hole 683 corresponding to the second threaded hole 6721. During assembly, the first L-shaped buckle 671 and the second L-shaped buckle 681 are fastened to each other in opposite directions. The positioning block 672 is embedded in the positioning groove 682. The internal hex bolt is screwed into the second threaded hole 6721 through the first countersunk hole 683, realizing the quick connection between the ingot plate 65 and the adapter plate 64. Different production line layouts can be adapted by replacing the ingot plate 65 of different lengths.

[0107] In another aspect of this embodiment, the end of the ingot head 66 can be spliced ​​with an extension plate 69. The extension plate 69 is made of graphite. One side of the extension plate 69 is integrally formed with a T-shaped insert plate 691, and the other side and the outer end face of the ingot head 66 are provided with T-shaped slots 692 that are adapted to the T-shaped insert plate 691. Multiple extension plates 69 can be spliced ​​by insertion to adapt to crystallizers of different lengths. The end face of the ingot head 66 is provided with a first threaded hole 662, and the extension plate 69 is provided with a second countersunk hole 693 and a third threaded hole 694 corresponding to the first threaded hole 662. After splicing, the extension plate 69 is fixed to the ingot head 66 by passing a bolt through the second countersunk hole 693 and screwing it into the first threaded hole 662. When multiple extension plates 69 are spliced, the third threaded holes 694 of adjacent extension plates 69 are connected and fixed by bolts.

[0108] The working process of the ingot dredging unit 6 in this embodiment is as follows: Before continuous casting begins, the ingot dredging head 66 is inserted into the inner hole of the crystallizer body 422 and adjusted into place to complete the sealing preparation before casting begins; when casting begins, the traction machine drives the connecting frame 61 to move through the chain 62, and then drives the billet to move through the adapter plate 64, the ingot dredging plate 65, and the ingot dredging head 66.

[0109] During the traction process, when the billet pulling resistance fluctuates (such as the billet sticking to the inner wall of the crystallizer, or the billet bulging), the pulling resistance is transmitted to the magnetorheological buffer 632 through the ingot derrick plate 65 and the adapter plate 64. At this time, based on the pulling resistance value fed back by the force sensor (located at the traction machine end), the current of the electromagnetic coil 6325 is adjusted in real time to change the shear yield strength of the magnetorheological fluid, thereby adjusting the damping force of the magnetorheological buffer 632. When the pulling resistance suddenly increases, the damping force is reduced to buffer the rigid impact and avoid the billet from cracking. When the pulling resistance is stable, the damping force is increased to ensure the smoothness of traction.

[0110] In this embodiment, the flame cutter 7 is a CNC flame cutter, installed behind the ingot derrick unit 6. The cutting torch can move radially along the billet. The cutting gas source is oxygen-acetylene, and it is equipped with a laser length-setting system, which can realize automatic length-setting cutting of the billet according to the preset length of the billet.

[0111] A continuous casting method for highly elastic phosphor bronze, implemented using the horizontal continuous casting equipment described in any of the above embodiments, includes the following steps:

[0112] Step 1: Select electrolytic copper, pure tin, and phosphorus copper master alloy as raw materials, and smelt them in a medium-frequency induction furnace according to the composition ratio of QSn8-0.3. The smelting temperature is controlled at 1200-1250℃. Charcoal is used for covering and protection during the smelting process to prevent oxidation of the melt. After smelting, the composition is tested. The Sn content is 7.8-8.2%, the P content is 0.2-0.3%, the remainder is copper, and the total amount of impurity elements is ≤0.1%, which is considered a qualified melt. The qualified melt is transferred to the bottom-pouring ladle 1. The melt flow rate is precisely controlled by the stopper rod to stably deliver the melt to the intermediate ladle 2. The melt temperature in the intermediate ladle 2 is controlled at 1080-1100℃, and the melt level is stabilized at 300±10mm.

[0113] Step 2: While the melt is being transported to the tundish 2, the blowing unit 3 is started. Based on the hydrogen content and oxide inclusion content detected online in the melt, the corresponding number of vent holes 3111 are opened through the first solenoid valve 36 to introduce high-purity argon gas into the melt. The inlet pressure is controlled at 0.15-0.20 MPa, and the single-hole inlet flow rate is 1.0-1.5 L / min. The argon bubbles rise along a spiral path in the melt, adsorb hydrogen and oxide inclusions, and then rise to the surface of the melt, and are continuously discharged through the slag removal port of the tundish 2. In this step, the online degassing and impurity removal process of the melt continues until the continuous casting production is completed.

[0114] Step 3: The purified melt continuously enters the inner hole of the crystallizer body 422 from the tundish 2 through the graphite guide sleeve, and the cooling system and hydraulic vibrator 41 of the crystallizer 42 are started simultaneously. In the cooling system, the inlet temperature of the cooling water in the three heat exchange chambers is controlled at 25±2℃. The inlet pressure and flow rate of each heat exchange chamber are controlled according to preset parameters to form a stable gradient cooling field along the direction of billet movement, so that the billet gradually solidifies from the outside to the inside to form a uniform and stable billet shell. The hydraulic vibrator 41 vibrates at high frequency according to preset parameters to break up the dendrites at the solidification front, increase the nucleation core, refine the grains, and inhibit the coarse growth of columnar crystals. In this step, the solidification rate of the billet in the crystallizer is matched with the billet pulling speed.

[0115] Step 4: After the billet is pulled out from the crystallizer 42, it enters the foot roller unit 425, clamping roller 5, and ingot drawing unit 6 in sequence. Before traction, the spacing of the rollers 4257 of the foot roller unit 425 is adjusted according to the billet specifications by the servo electric cylinder 4258, so that the pre-tightening pressure between the rollers 4257 and the billet surface is controlled at 500±50N. During the traction process, the billet drawing speed is stably controlled at 0.8-1.2m / min. The billet drawing resistance is detected in real time by the tension sensor, and the electromagnetic coil current of the magnetorheological buffer 632 is adjusted in real time according to the change of the billet drawing resistance to achieve adaptive control of the damping force and buffer the dynamic impact during the ingot drawing process. At the same time, the foot roller unit 425 finely adjusts the roller position in real time according to the radial runout of the billet to ensure the billet travels smoothly and avoids defects such as bending, deformation, and tearing.

[0116] Step 5: After the billet passes through the ingot unit 6, it is automatically cut by the flame cutter 7 according to the preset length to obtain the finished high-elasticity phosphor bronze billet.

[0117] Example 2

[0118] This embodiment is an implementation method for large-section flat casting billets, used for the horizontal continuous casting production of 200mm×80mm flat casting billets of QSn10-0.2 high-elasticity phosphor bronze with a Sn content of 10.0% and a P content of 0.2%. The structural composition is the same as in Embodiment 1, the difference being the adjustment of the adaptability of structural parameters and process parameters, as detailed below:

[0119] Blowing unit 3: One blowing unit 3 is set on one side of the tundish 2. Three sets of venting hole groups 311 are set in the venting brick 31. Each venting hole group 311 contains 20 venting holes 3111. The diameter of the venting holes 3111 increases from 0.6mm to 3.0mm along the spiral direction, and the diameter increment of adjacent venting holes is 0.2mm. During continuous casting, the air inlet pressure is controlled at 0.18-0.28MPa, and the air inlet flow rate of a single hole is 0.8-2.5L / min.

[0120] Crystallizer 42: The inner cross-section of the crystallizer body 422 is a rectangle of 200mm × 80mm, with an effective crystallization length of 600mm; the cooling jacket 423 is equipped with 3 baffles 4231, dividing it into 4 independent heat exchange chambers, which are numbered from the inlet to the outlet as the first to the fourth heat exchange chambers, with an axial length of 150mm for each heat exchange chamber; the pitch of the spiral flow channels 4232 in the four heat exchange chambers is 25mm, 40mm, 60mm, and 90mm respectively; during cooling, the inlet water pressure of the first heat exchange chamber is 0.45MPa and the flow rate is 10m³ / h; the inlet water pressure of the second heat exchange chamber is 0.35MPa and the flow rate is 7m³ / h; the inlet water pressure of the third heat exchange chamber is 0.25MPa and the flow rate is 4m³ / h; and the inlet water pressure of the fourth heat exchange chamber is 0.15MPa and the flow rate is 2m³ / h.

[0121] Foot roller unit 425: Two sets of foot roller units 425 are set at the bottom of the pressure cover 424, respectively arranged on the front and rear sides (corresponding to the long side) of the flat casting billet. The length of the roller body 4257 of each set of foot roller units 425 is 220mm, and the roller surface is flat, which is adapted to the wide surface of the flat casting billet.

[0122] Hydraulic vibrator 41: Vibration frequency 60Hz, amplitude ±0.8mm, using sawtooth wave vibration.

[0123] Continuous casting process parameters: melting temperature 1220-1270℃, tundish melt temperature 1090-1110℃, billet speed 0.4-0.6m / min.

[0124] Example 3

[0125] The structural composition of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, except that:

[0126] The ventilated brick 31 of the blowing unit 3 is provided with 4 sets of ventilated holes 311 arranged in a ring array. The Archimedean spiral of each set of ventilated holes 311 is arranged alternately, so that the bubble flow forms cross disturbance in the melt, further improving the contact efficiency with the melt.

[0127] Within the cooling jacket 423 of the crystallizer 42, the spiral flow channels 4232 in each heat exchange chamber have a double spiral structure, which further improves the heat exchange uniformity of the cooling water, avoids uneven temperature in the circumferential direction of the crystallizer, and further improves the uniformity of the solidification structure of the billet.

[0128] The adaptive buffer connection mechanism 63 of the ingot drawing unit 6 is equipped with 4 sets of magnetorheological buffers 632, which are distributed in a rectangular array to further improve the stability of the buffer and adapt to the large traction force working conditions of large cross-section billets.

[0129] It should be noted that the electrical components designed in this invention are all commercially available conventional equipment with built-in power switches. Those skilled in the art can make conventional selections according to their needs. Their working principles are common knowledge known to those skilled in the art and have been fully disclosed in the prior art, so they will not be elaborated on further in this article.

[0130] The circuit connection involved in this invention is a conventional method used by those skilled in the art, and technical inspiration can be obtained through a limited number of experiments. It belongs to the widely used prior art.

[0131] Components not described in detail in this article are existing technologies.

[0132] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A horizontal continuous casting equipment for high-elasticity phosphor bronze, comprising a ladle (1), a tundish (2), a crystallization unit (4), a pinch roll (5), a dummy ingot unit (6), and a flame cutter (7) arranged sequentially along the billet travel direction, characterized in that, The intermediate package (2) is provided with a rinsing unit (3) on at least one side, and the crystallization unit (4) includes a hydraulic vibrator (41) and a crystallizer (42) disposed on top of the hydraulic vibrator (41). The blowing and washing unit (3) includes a breathable brick (31), which has at least two sets of breathable holes (3111). The breathable holes (3111) are arranged in an Archimedean spiral along the radial direction of the breathable brick (31) to form a set of breathable holes (311). The diameter of the breathable holes (3111) increases along the spiral direction. Different breathable holes (3111) can selectively communicate with the internal space of the intermediate tundish (2). The crystallizer (42) includes a mounting base (421), a cooling jacket (423) fixed on the mounting base (421), and a crystallizer body (422) coaxially embedded in the cooling jacket (423). At least one partition (4231) is fixed inside the cooling jacket (423) along the billet travel direction. The partition (4231) divides the internal space of the cooling jacket (423) into at least two heat exchange chambers. Each heat exchange chamber is fixed with a spiral flow channel (4232), and the pitch of the spiral flow channel (4232) increases along the billet travel direction.

2. The horizontal continuous casting equipment for high-elasticity phosphor bronze according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blowing and washing unit (3) also includes a steel sleeve (32), a spiral air passage (34), an air inlet pipe (35), and a first solenoid valve (36). The steel sleeve (32) is wrapped around the outside of the breathable brick (31), and its top is provided with a vent (321) that communicates with the vent hole group (311). A temporary storage cavity (33) is reserved between the bottom surface of the breathable brick (31) and the inner bottom surface of the steel sleeve (32). Multiple spiral air channels (34) are arranged in an Archimedean spiral and fixed between the bottom surface of the breathable brick (31) and the inner bottom surface of the steel sleeve (32). Each spiral air channel (34) is connected to the corresponding air hole (3111). Multiple air intake pipes (35) are fixed to the bottom surface of the steel sleeve (32) and connected to the corresponding spiral air passage (34), and the first solenoid valve (36) is fixed to the bottom end of the air intake pipe (35).

3. The horizontal continuous casting equipment for high-elasticity phosphor bronze according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the cooling jacket (423) is provided with an inlet (4233) and an outlet (4234) at the top and bottom of each heat exchange chamber. The liquid inlet end of the inlet (4233) is connected to the second solenoid valve (426). The outer side of the cooling jacket (423) is provided with a temperature sensor mounting port (4235) corresponding to each heat exchange cavity.

4. The horizontal continuous casting equipment for high-elasticity phosphor bronze according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crystallizer (42) also includes a cap (424); The two pressure caps (424) are respectively fixed to the top and bottom of the cooling jacket (423), and an annular sealing groove (4241) is provided on the side of the pressure cap (424) that contacts the crystallizer body (422), and a U-shaped sealing ring (427) is embedded in the sealing groove (4241).

5. The horizontal continuous casting equipment for high-elasticity phosphor bronze according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the pressure cap (424) is provided with four sets of foot roller units (425) evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The foot roller unit (425) includes a mounting frame (4251), a first H-shaped plate (4253), a second H-shaped plate (4255), a pressure sensor (4256), a roller body (4257), a servo electric cylinder (4258), a guide rod (4259), and a telescopic spring (4250). Two mounting brackets (4251) are symmetrically fixed to the bottom surface of the cover (424), and guide sliding holes (4252) are provided on the mounting brackets (4251). The first H-shaped plate (4253) is slidably installed in the guide hole (4252), and the first H-shaped plate (4253) is provided with a mounting hole (4254). The second H-shaped plate (4255) is slidably installed in the mounting hole (4254). The pressure sensor (4256) is fixed in the mounting hole (4254), and the detection surface of the pressure sensor (4256) abuts against the end face of the second H-shaped plate (4255); The roller body (4257) is rotatably mounted between two second H-shaped plates (4255); One end of the servo electric cylinder (4258) is pivotally connected to the mounting bracket (4251), and the other end is pivotally connected to the first H-shaped plate (4253); One end of the guide rod (4259) is fixedly connected to the first H-shaped plate (4253), and the other end is movably extended to the outside of the mounting bracket (4251); The telescopic spring (4250) is sleeved on the guide rod (4259) and located between the inner wall of the guide sliding hole (4252) and the first H-shaped plate (4253).

6. The horizontal continuous casting equipment for high-elasticity phosphor bronze according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spool-drawing unit (6) includes a connecting frame (61), a chain (62), an adaptive buffer connecting mechanism (63), an adapter plate (64), a spool-drawing plate (65), and a spool-drawing head (66). The chain (62) is pivotally connected to one end of the connecting frame (61), and the adapter plate (64) is installed on the other end of the connecting frame (61) using an adaptive buffer connection mechanism (63); One end of the siphon plate (65) is detachably connected to the adapter plate (64), and the other end is pivotally connected to the siphon head (66). An L-shaped liquid groove (661) is provided on the siphon head (66).

7. The horizontal continuous casting equipment for high-elasticity phosphor bronze according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adaptive buffer connection mechanism (63) includes a fixed block (631) and a magnetorheological buffer (632). The connecting frame (61) has a through hole (611), the adapter plate (64) is movably inserted into the through hole (611), the fixing block (631) is fixed in the through hole (611), one end of the magnetorheological buffer (632) is pivotally connected to the fixing block (631), and the other end is pivotally connected to one end of the adapter plate (64) extending out of the through hole (611); The magnetorheological damper (632) includes a base (6321), a cylinder (6322) fixed on the base (6321), a piston rod (6323), a piston head (6324), a flow hole (6326), an adjustable limit plate (6327), and a buffer spring (6328). One end of the piston rod (6323) is embedded in the cylinder (6322), the piston head (6324) is fixed to the embedded end of the piston rod (6323), and an electromagnetic coil (6325) is provided in the piston head (6324). Multiple circumferentially evenly distributed flow holes (6326) are opened on the piston head (6324). The adjustable limiting plate (6327) is spirally installed on the outer end of the piston rod (6323), and the buffer spring (6328) is sleeved on the base (6321) and located between the base (6321) and the adjustable limiting plate (6327).

8. A horizontal continuous casting equipment for high-elasticity phosphor bronze according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ingot-drawing unit (6) also includes a first connecting plate (67), a second connecting plate (68), and an extension plate (69). One end of the first connecting plate (67) is pivotally connected to the lead plate (65), and the other end is fixed with a first L-shaped buckle (671). A positioning block (672) is fixed at the end of the first L-shaped buckle (671) away from the first connecting plate (67). A second threaded hole (6721) is provided on the positioning block (672). One end of the second connecting plate (68) is pivotally connected to the adapter plate (64), and the other end is fixed with a second L-shaped buckle (681). The second connecting plate (68) is provided with a positioning groove (682) that matches the first L-shaped buckle (671) and a first countersunk hole (683) that corresponds to the second threaded hole (6721). The first L-shaped buckle (671) and the second L-shaped buckle (681) are fastened to each other. The extension plate (69) has a T-shaped insert plate (691) fixed on one side, and a T-shaped slot (692) adapted to the T-shaped insert plate (691) is provided on the other side and the outer side of the spindle head (66). The ingot head (66) is provided with a first threaded hole (662), and the extension plate (69) is provided with a second countersunk hole (693) and a third threaded hole (694) corresponding to the first threaded hole (662).

9. A continuous casting method for highly elastic phosphor bronze, implemented using the horizontal continuous casting equipment described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Melt the high-elasticity phosphor bronze raw material to the preset temperature to obtain a qualified melt, and then stably transport it to the intermediate ladle (2) through the steel ladle (1); Step 2: Inert gas with a preset pressure and flow rate is introduced into the melt in the tundish (2) through the purging unit (3) to adsorb hydrogen and oxide impurities in the melt and float them to the surface for removal, thus completing the online degassing and impurity removal of the melt. Step 3: The purified melt enters the crystallizer body (422), and a preset gradient cooling field is formed along the solidification direction of the billet by the cooling jacket (423) with a spiral gradient cooling structure. Combined with the high-frequency vibration of the hydraulic vibrator (41), the billet is directionally solidified and the grains are refined. Step 4: The dynamic impact of the ingot drawing process is buffered by the adaptive buffer connection mechanism (63) of the ingot drawing unit (6), and the stable traction of the billet is achieved in conjunction with the guidance of the foot roller unit (425) and the clamping roller (5); Step 5: Cut the drawn billet to length using a flame cutter (7) to obtain a high-elasticity phosphor bronze billet.

10. The continuous casting method according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step four, the damping force of the magnetorheological buffer (632) is adjusted in real time according to the change in the drawing resistance; And / or, depending on the specifications of the billet, the spacing of the rollers (4257) is adjusted by a servo electric cylinder (4258).

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