Fire door with ventilation and smoke isolation structure

Abstract

This invention discloses a fire door with a ventilation and smoke-proof structure, belonging to the field of fire door technology. It includes a door leaf with a ventilation window assembly at its lower part. A ventilation window control assembly is connected to the ventilation window assembly. The ventilation window control assembly includes a lifting mechanism and a locking mechanism. The lifting mechanism is located above the ventilation window assembly and connected to a movable grille. The locking mechanism is equipped with an electromagnet assembly, which is electrically connected to an automatic fire alarm control system. In normal operation, the ventilation window assembly can be opened and closed manually. In the event of a fire, the electromagnet assembly's magnetic attraction causes the locking mechanism to release the lifting mechanism, and the ventilation window assembly closes due to the gravity of the movable grille. This design balances convenient opening and closing of the fire door's ventilation system in normal operation with rapid response in a fire.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fire door technology, specifically a fire door with a ventilation and smoke-proof structure. Background Technology

[0002] Normally closed fire doors are fire doors that remain closed when not in use or when no one is around. In the event of a fire, they effectively prevent the spread of fire and smoke, buying time for evacuation and creating favorable conditions for firefighting. Normally closed fire doors must maintain automatic closure and are strictly prohibited from being left open for extended periods to ensure the reliability of fire and smoke separation. However, the closed structure of traditional normally closed fire doors can prevent normal airflow on both sides of the door. This is especially problematic in places like archives and equipment rooms where moisture control and heat dissipation are crucial; traditional normally closed fire doors often fail to simultaneously provide both ventilation and fire / smoke protection.

[0003] To address this, Chinese invention patent CN118669032B provides a fire door for equipment rooms that is structurally sound, fire-resistant, has excellent smoke-proof performance, and also provides ventilation and heat dissipation. The louvered structure facilitates ventilation and heat dissipation. In the event of a fire, the heat-sensitive component activates, causing the linkage component to operate and close the movable louvers, ensuring that smoke and fire do not escape from the room and affect the surrounding environment. This achieves fire safety requirements without compromising ventilation and heat dissipation.

[0004] The aforementioned fire door normally uses the tension of the heat-sensitive component to counteract the elasticity of the spring to maintain the open state of the louver structure. In the event of a fire, the heat-sensitive component melts, and the elasticity of the spring closes the louver. Although the response speed is relatively fast, it also means that the louver can only remain open when there is no fire and cannot be manually closed as needed.

[0005] For example, Chinese invention patent CN115653467B provides a ventilated, heat-resistant, and fireproof door. The door body has a rectangular through-hole for ventilation along a vertical direction. The interior of the door body is hollow, and inside, on one side of the rectangular through-hole, are arranged a second partition, a first partition, and a third partition of the same specifications, arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The second and third partitions are coplanar, while the first partition is offset from either the second or third partition by a thickness. The first partition is slidably connected to the door body, while the second and third partitions are hinged to the interior of the door body on the side facing the rectangular through-hole. The sliding of the first partition drives the rotation of the other two partitions, and the three partitions work together to seal the rectangular through-hole on the door body, maximizing ventilation.

[0006] Although the ventilation system of the aforementioned fire door can be manually opened and closed on a daily basis, it requires the heat-deformable component to drive the slider to move towards each other inside the sliding frame during the deformation process. This, in turn, drives the force-applying block to move towards the baffle through the hinge rod. The force-applying block pushes the baffle to move the first partition into the rectangular through hole, thereby achieving the automatic closure of the three partitions and keeping the door in a sealed state. Therefore, the heat-deformable component needs to have a relatively large deformation range and a large stress, which will result in a slow response speed in the event of a fire.

[0007] Therefore, existing fire doors with ventilation systems cannot simultaneously ensure both easy opening and closing in daily life and rapid response in fire situations. Furthermore, both types of fire doors rely on the deformation or melting of heat-sensitive components to automatically close the ventilation system in a fire. Consequently, the ventilation system is only triggered to close when high-temperature smoke spreads to the fire door (at which point the high-temperature smoke has often already caused some damage). When a fire alarm occurs in other parts of the building, the ventilation system cannot be automatically closed in advance to prevent smoke from entering the fire door. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention proposes a fire door with a ventilation and smoke-proof structure, which aims to balance the convenient opening and closing of the fire door's ventilation facilities in normal conditions with the rapid response in the event of a fire; at the same time, it can automatically shut down the ventilation facilities in advance when a fire alarm is triggered in the building to prevent smoke from spreading into the fire door.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] A fire door with a ventilation and smoke-proof structure includes a door leaf, a ventilation window assembly is provided at the lower part of the door leaf, and a ventilation window control assembly is connected to the ventilation window assembly;

[0011] The ventilation window assembly includes two fixed grilles and one movable grille. The two fixed grilles are fixedly installed on the inner and outer sides of the door leaf, respectively, forming a space between the two fixed grilles to accommodate the movable grille. The movable grille is movably installed between the two fixed grilles and can move up and down along the height of the door leaf between the two fixed grilles. Multiple first ventilation openings are arranged along the height of the fixed grilles, and multiple second ventilation openings are arranged along the height of the movable grille. When the movable grille moves to the uppermost part of its vertical displacement range, the first ventilation openings and the second ventilation openings are aligned (i.e., the projections of the first ventilation openings and the second ventilation openings on the plane of the door leaf panel coincide or contain each other), and air on both sides of the door leaf can flow freely through the first ventilation openings and the second ventilation openings to achieve ventilation. When the movable grille is located at the lowermost part of its vertical displacement range, the first ventilation openings and the second ventilation openings are completely offset (i.e., the geometric relationship between the projections of the first ventilation openings and the second ventilation openings on the plane of the door leaf panel is that they are separated), and the solid part of the movable grille blocks the first ventilation openings, preventing the free flow of air inside and outside the door leaf, thus achieving the function of blocking smoke.

[0012] The ventilation window control assembly includes a lifting mechanism and a locking mechanism. The lifting mechanism is located above the ventilation window assembly and connected to the movable grille. The locking mechanism is equipped with an electromagnet assembly, which is electrically connected to the automatic fire alarm control system.

[0013] The lifting mechanism is used to pull the movable grille upward when ventilation is needed. When the lifting mechanism pulls the movable grille upward until the first ventilation opening and the second ventilation opening are aligned, the bottom of the movable grille is in a suspended state. The locking mechanism is connected to the lifting mechanism and prevents the lifting mechanism from moving, fixing the position of the lifting mechanism, thereby maintaining the suspended state of the movable grille and keeping the ventilation window assembly in an open state.

[0014] When a fire occurs at any location within the building, the automatic fire alarm control system is triggered and energizes the electromagnet assembly. The electromagnet assembly uses magnetic attraction to disengage the locking mechanism from the lifting mechanism, releasing the limit on the lifting mechanism and placing it in a free state. The movable grille falls under the action of gravity and offsets the first ventilation opening from the second ventilation opening. The movable grille blocks the first ventilation opening on the fixed grille, preventing smoke from spreading to the inside of the door.

[0015] The lifting mechanism is equipped with a manual unlocking mechanism, which is used to separate the locking mechanism from the lifting mechanism. In normal conditions (no fire), when the ventilation window assembly needs to be closed, simply operate the manual unlocking mechanism to release the locking mechanism from its limit on the lifting mechanism. The movable grille can then move downwards under gravity, causing the first ventilation opening and the second ventilation opening to be misaligned.

[0016] With the above setup, the ventilation window assembly can be opened and closed simply by manually operating the lifting mechanism and the manual unlocking mechanism. In the event of a fire, the building's automatic fire alarm system energizes the electromagnet assembly, which in turn uses magnetic attraction to release the locking mechanism from locking the lifting mechanism. The ventilation window assembly then closes due to the weight of the movable grille. Compared to some existing fire doors that use heat-sensitive components to counteract spring force to keep the ventilation window open, this invention is more convenient for opening and closing the ventilation window assembly as needed in daily use, offering greater flexibility. Furthermore, this invention closes the ventilation window assembly using the weight of the movable grille, eliminating the need for spring prestress and avoiding the problem of springs failing in high-temperature environments.

[0017] Compared to some existing fire doors that use heat-deformable materials to directly drive the ventilation components to close, this invention uses an electromagnet component to drive the locking mechanism to unlock, and then uses the gravity of the ventilation window component to achieve the closing action. This eliminates the need to directly drive the ventilation window component to perform the closing action, thus reducing the need for the electromagnet component to provide greater driving force and stroke, resulting in a faster response speed. Furthermore, the electromagnet component of this invention connects to the building's automatic fire alarm system. Whether a fire occurs near the fire door or in another location on the same floor, the electromagnet component can quickly unlock the locking mechanism to pre-close the ventilation window, preventing the spread of smoke and minimizing loss of life and property caused by the fire.

[0018] The lifting mechanism includes a wheel, which is rotatably installed in the cavity above the door leaf. A steel cable is connected to the circumference of the wheel, and the lower end of the steel cable is connected to the movable grille. The movable grille is lifted upward by the winding action of the steel cable when the wheel rotates. When the locking structure releases the constraint on the wheel and no external torque is applied to the wheel, the movable grille will fall down by its own weight.

[0019] The locking mechanism includes a sleeve and a locking pin. The sleeve is vertically installed in the cavity, and the locking pin is movably inserted into the sleeve. The wheel is provided with a radial locking groove.

[0020] During the rotation of the wheel, the lower end of the locking pin slides on the circumference of the wheel. When the wheel pulls the movable grille upwards along the steel cable until the first and second ventilation openings are aligned, the locking groove is vertical and aligned with the lower end of the locking pin. Under the influence of gravity, the locking pin falls into the locking groove, preventing the wheel from rotating further and keeping the movable grille in the open position of the ventilation window assembly. With this setup, simply rotating the wheel to lift the movable grille to the open ventilation position will automatically lock the wheel, eliminating the need for manual locking. This makes operation more convenient. Furthermore, because the rotational resistance of the wheel is very low, the movable grille will fall freely once the locking mechanism releases its constraint, reducing the probability of the movable grille getting stuck and ensuring that the ventilation window assembly can close quickly when a fire alarm is triggered.

[0021] The electromagnet assembly is fixedly installed on the top wall of the cavity. An armature is fixedly installed on the top of the locking pin. The lower end of the electromagnet assembly is vertically aligned with the armature. When the automatic fire alarm system in the building is triggered, the coil of the electromagnet assembly is energized, attracting the locking pin to move upward. When the lower end of the electromagnet engages with the armature, the lower end of the locking pin disengages from the locking groove. The movable grille falls under the action of gravity, and the ventilation window assembly closes. With the above settings, the ventilation window assembly can be quickly closed when a fire alarm is triggered, blocking smoke from entering.

[0022] Preferably, the manual unlocking mechanism includes an unlocking slider, an axial slider, and a sliding sleeve. The sliding sleeve is fixedly mounted on the wheel and coaxial with the wheel. The axial slider is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve. The unlocking slider is mounted in the lock groove and slidably engages with the inner wall of the lock groove. The length of the unlocking slider is less than the length of the lock groove. A connecting rod connects the axial slider and the unlocking slider. The two ends of the connecting rod are respectively hinged to the unlocking slider and the axial slider. A return spring connects the axial slider and the sliding sleeve.

[0023] When the ventilation window assembly needs to be closed under normal conditions, simply press the axial slider inward to move the unlocking slider upward in the lock groove, which will push the locking pin open, allowing the wheel to lose the constraint of the locking pin. The movable grille can then fall freely, thereby closing the ventilation window assembly. After releasing the axial slider, the return spring will automatically reset the manual unlocking mechanism, making the operation very convenient.

[0024] Preferably, a cover plate is detachably connected to the cavity, and a circular hole is provided on the cover plate. An operating knob is installed in the circular hole. The operating knob includes a ventilation knob and an unlock button. The ventilation knob and the unlock button are movably connected. The unlock button is fixedly connected to the axial slider. The ventilation knob is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding sleeve.

[0025] The lifting mechanism, locking mechanism, and moving parts of the electromagnet are housed within a cavity inside the door body, and a cover plate is installed to seal the cavity. This not only maintains the airtightness of the door leaf but also provides dust and water protection for the lifting mechanism.

[0026] Preferably, a radially protruding limiting block is provided on the circumference of the wheel, and a limiting baffle is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cavity. The circumferential distance between the limiting baffle and the limiting block is equal to the maximum stroke of the movable grille. That is, when the movable grille falls under the action of gravity and causes the first vent and the second vent to be misaligned, the limiting baffle blocks the limiting block and prevents the wheel from continuing to rotate.

[0027] By setting a limit baffle and a limit block, the lifting mechanism can be prevented from continuing to rotate in the direction of closing the ventilation window assembly when the movable grille is closed, which would cause the steel cable to slack. This keeps the steel cable in a taut state, thereby improving the response speed of the ventilation window assembly when opening and closing and preventing the steel cable from getting tangled or stuck.

[0028] Preferably, the maximum rotation angle of the wheel is 90°.

[0029] To ensure the smooth opening and closing of the ventilation window assembly, the wrap angle of the steel cable around the wheel should not be too large. If the wrap angle is too small, it will increase the size of the wheel and make opening more difficult. A 90° wrap angle can ensure the smooth opening and closing of the ventilation window assembly, while also making it relatively easier to rotate the wheel to open the ventilation window assembly. To ensure that the lateral position of the steel cable remains unchanged during the rotation of the wheel, the point of tangency between the steel cable and the wheel should always be located at the nine o'clock or three o'clock position of the wheel.

[0030] Preferably, the wheel has a groove on its circumference, one end of the steel cable is fixedly connected to the groove, a guide sleeve is vertically installed inside the door leaf, and the other end of the steel cable passes through the inner wall of the guide sleeve and is connected to the movable grille.

[0031] By setting wheel grooves, the steel cable can be constrained to prevent it from detaching from the wheel; the steel cable passes through the fireproof filling layer of the door leaf through the guide sleeve to prevent the steel cable from scratching the internal components or filling layer of the door leaf.

[0032] Preferably, the locking mechanism is equipped with a thermal unlocking mechanism, which includes a nickel-titanium alloy wire, a first unlocking paddle, and a paddle slider. The upper end of the nickel-titanium alloy wire is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sleeve, and the lower end of the nickel-titanium alloy wire is fixedly connected to the paddle slider. The nickel-titanium alloy wire is configured as a serpentine bending structure in the austenitic state and is stretched after cooling to the martensitic state. The paddle slider is slidably installed on the outer wall of the sleeve, and one end of the paddle slider is fixedly connected to the first unlocking paddle. A connecting block is detachably installed on the side wall of the locking pin. A longitudinal slot is provided on the side wall of the sleeve. One end of the connecting block extends out of the longitudinal slot, and a second unlocking paddle is connected to the end of the connecting block extending out of the longitudinal slot. The second unlocking paddle extends horizontally above the first unlocking paddle. In the event of a fire, the nickel-titanium alloy wire contracts due to heat, pulling the first unlocking paddle upward and causing the second unlocking paddle to move upward, thereby causing the locking pin to move upward and disengage from the locking groove. After the wheel loses the constraint of the locking pin, the movable grille closes the ventilation window assembly when it falls.

[0033] Since the first unlocking lever is located below the second unlocking lever, there is no fixed connection between the first and second unlocking levers. The locking pin will not affect the thermal unlocking mechanism when it moves up and down normally, and the thermal unlocking mechanism will not interfere with the normal movement of the locking pin when it is not triggered. In the event of a fire, if the automatic fire alarm system or the electromagnet assembly fails, the thermal unlocking mechanism can still unlock the locking mechanism and close the ventilation window assembly, forming a double insurance.

[0034] Preferably, both the first and second vents are rectangular structures, and a plurality of the rectangular first vents are arranged at equal intervals along the height direction of the fixed grille; a plurality of the rectangular second vents are arranged at equal intervals along the height direction of the movable grille, the height of the first vents is greater than the height of the second vents, and a plurality of sealing strips are installed on the inner side of the fixed grille, one side of the sealing strips being flush with the long side of the first vent.

[0035] When the ventilation window assembly is closed, the solid parts of the fixed grille and the movable grille overlap to a certain extent, and a sealing strip is installed at the overlapping part, which helps to improve the airtightness of the fire door when the ventilation window assembly is closed and minimizes the entry of smoke.

[0036] At room temperature, the gap between the sealing strip and the movable grille should not exceed 0.35mm.

[0037] Under normal conditions or in the early stages of a fire, maintaining a relatively small contact force or a suitable small gap between the sealing strip and the movable grille can reduce or avoid the frictional resistance of the sealing strip on the movable grille, allowing the movable grille to fall smoothly. (When the smoke decreases in the early stages) it can also ensure the airtightness of the ventilation window assembly when closed. When the fire spreads rapidly, the sealing strip expands due to heat, improving the airtightness of the ventilation window assembly.

[0038] Preferably, the lower part of the door leaf is provided with a rectangular opening, and two fixed grilles are detachably installed on both sides of the rectangular opening; the inner wall of the rectangular opening is provided with a vertical slide rail, and the two sides of the movable grille are provided with vertical sliding grooves, which slide in cooperation with the vertical slide rail.

[0039] By setting vertical slide rails and slide grooves, the resistance when the movable grille moves up and down can be reduced, and the movement trajectory of the movable grille can be constrained to prevent it from getting stuck due to shaking or deviation when moving up and down.

[0040] Beneficial effects:

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least the following technical effects;

[0042] 1. This invention features a lifting mechanism above the ventilation window assembly, connected to a movable grille. An electromagnet assembly is mounted on a locking mechanism above the lifting mechanism and controlled by the building's automatic fire alarm control system. In normal operation, the ventilation window assembly can be opened and closed manually. In the event of a fire, the electromagnet assembly's magnetic force releases the locking mechanism from the lifting mechanism, allowing the ventilation window assembly to close under its own weight. Compared to some existing fire doors that use heat-sensitive components to counteract spring force to maintain ventilation window openness, this invention offers greater flexibility in opening and closing the ventilation window assembly as needed during normal operation. Furthermore, by using the movable grille's own weight to close the ventilation window assembly, this invention eliminates the need for spring prestress and avoids spring failure in high-temperature environments.

[0043] 2. Since the electromagnet assembly of the present invention is connected to the automatic fire alarm control system in the building, whether the fire occurs near the fire door or in other locations on the same floor, the electromagnet assembly can quickly unlock the locking mechanism to close the ventilation window in advance, preventing the spread of smoke and reducing the loss of life and property caused by the fire.

[0044] 3. This invention incorporates a thermal unlocking mechanism into the locking mechanism. In the event of a fire, if the automatic fire alarm system or the electromagnet assembly fails, the thermal unlocking mechanism can still utilize the memory deformation of the heated nickel-titanium alloy wire to pull the locking pin, thereby unlocking the locking mechanism and closing the ventilation window assembly, forming a double safety measure. Simultaneously, since the first unlocking lever of the thermal unlocking mechanism is located below the second unlocking lever, under normal conditions, the locking mechanism and the thermal unlocking mechanism do not interfere with each other and do not affect the normal opening or closing of the ventilation window assembly.

[0045] 4. The lifting mechanism of the present invention adopts a structure of wheel and steel cable. The ventilation window assembly is opened by the winding effect of the steel cable when the wheel rotates. The rotation resistance of the wheel is very small. As long as the locking mechanism releases the constraint on the wheel, the movable grille will fall freely, which helps to improve the closing speed and reliability of the ventilation window assembly.

[0046] 5. This invention achieves wheel locking through the cooperation of the locking groove and locking pin on the wheel. When the wheel rotates to the ventilation window open position, the locking pin automatically falls. The manual unlocking mechanism utilizes the linkage between the axial slider and the unlocking slider. Simply pressing the axial slider inward will cause the unlocking slider to move upward in the locking groove and push open the locking pin. The return spring allows the manual unlocking mechanism to automatically reset. When the automatic fire alarm system issues a false alarm, the locking pin will also automatically fall back after the alarm cancellation electromagnet assembly is de-energized. Therefore, the normal opening or closing of the ventilation window assembly is very convenient.

[0047] 6. In the closed state, the fixed grille and the movable grille of the ventilation window assembly of the present invention partially overlap, and a sealing strip is provided at the overlapping part, which helps to improve the airtightness of the fire door when the ventilation window assembly is closed and minimizes the entry of smoke. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0051] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the lifting mechanism and the locking mechanism of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 5 An exploded view of the mechanism for improving the present invention.

[0053] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of section B in the middle.

[0054] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the locking mechanism of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the sleeve and thermal unlocking mechanism of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the locking pin structure of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the ventilation window assembly of the present invention when it is open.

[0058] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the ventilation window assembly of the present invention when closed.

[0059] Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 11 Enlarged view of point C in the middle.

[0060] In the diagram: 100, door leaf; 101, rectangular opening; 102, limiting baffle; 103, vertical slide rail; 104, cavity; 105, cover plate; 200, ventilation window control assembly; 210, operating knob; 211, ventilation knob; 212, unlocking button; 220, thermal unlocking mechanism; 221, nickel-titanium alloy wire; 222, first unlocking paddle; 223, paddle slider; 230, lifting mechanism; 231, wheel; 2311, limiting block; 2312, lock groove; 2313, wheel groove; 232, steel cable; 233, connecting rod; 234 235. Axial slider; 236. Unlocking slider; 237. Guide sleeve; 238. Sliding sleeve; 249. Return spring; 240. Locking mechanism; 241. Locking pin; 242. Sleeve; 2421. Longitudinal slot; 243. Armature; 244. Connecting block; 245. Second unlocking lever; 250. Electromagnet assembly; 300. Ventilation window assembly; 310. Fixed grille; 311. First vent; 312. Sealing strip; 320. Movable grille; 321. Second vent; 322. Vertical groove; 400. Door frame; 500. Door closer. Detailed Implementation

[0061] The invention will be further explained below with reference to specific implementation examples.

[0062] Please see Figure 1-12 This invention proposes a fire door with a ventilation and smoke-proof structure, belonging to the normally closed type of fire door, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the main structure of the fire door includes a door leaf 100 and a door frame 400. The door leaf 100 is movably installed within the door frame 400. A door closer 500 is connected between the door leaf 100 and the door frame 400 to keep the door leaf structure in a normally closed state. All of the above mechanisms are mature technologies in the field, and this embodiment does not impose further specific limitations.

[0063] To meet the ventilation requirements of normally closed fire doors in certain application scenarios (such as computer rooms, equipment rooms, and archives), a ventilation window assembly 300 is provided at the lower part of the door leaf 100 in this embodiment. When the ventilation window assembly 300 is open, it meets the ventilation requirements of the fire door; when the ventilation window assembly 300 is closed, it meets the fireproof and smoke-proof requirements of the fire door. A ventilation window control assembly 200 is connected to the ventilation window assembly 300; the ventilation window control assembly 200 is used to operate the normal opening or closing of the ventilation window assembly 300 in normal conditions, and to automatically close it in the event of a fire.

[0064] like Figure 2 As shown, the ventilation window assembly 300 includes two fixed grilles 310 and one movable grille 320. A rectangular opening 101 is provided at the lower part of the door leaf 100. The two fixed grilles 310 are detachably installed on both sides of the rectangular opening 101. The movable grille 320 is movably installed between the two fixed grilles 310. A vertical slide rail 103 is provided on the inner wall of the rectangular opening 101. Vertical grooves 322 are provided on both sides of the movable grille 320, and the vertical grooves 322 slide in cooperation with the vertical slide rail 103. Multiple first ventilation openings 311 are arranged in the height direction of the fixed grilles 310, and multiple second ventilation openings 321 are arranged in the height direction of the movable grille 320. The height of the rectangular opening 101 is greater than the height of the movable grille 320, thus the movable grille... The movable grille 320 can move up and down along the height of the door leaf 100 within the rectangular opening 101. When the movable grille moves to the uppermost part of the rectangular opening 101, the second ventilation opening 321 on the movable grille 320 aligns with the first ventilation opening 311 on both sides of the fixed grille. At this time, the ventilation window assembly 300 is in the open state, and the air on both sides of the door leaf 100 can circulate freely through the first ventilation opening 311 and the second ventilation opening 321 to achieve ventilation. When the movable grille 320 moves to the lowermost end, that is, when the bottom of the movable grille 320 contacts the bottom wall of the rectangular opening 101, the first ventilation opening 311 and the second ventilation opening 321 are misaligned, and the solid part on the movable grille 320 blocks the first ventilation opening 311, isolating the air on both sides of the door leaf 100, and achieving the smoke and fire prevention function of the fire door.

[0065] The ventilation window control component 200 includes a lifting mechanism 230 and a locking mechanism 240. The lifting mechanism 230 is disposed above the ventilation window component 300 and connected to the movable grille 320. The locking mechanism 240 is provided with an electromagnet component 250. The electromagnet component 250 is electrically connected to the automatic fire alarm control system. The connection method between the electromagnet component 250 and the automatic fire alarm control system can refer to the connection method of the fire sound and light alarm. It can be connected to the control switch or control circuit of the electromagnet component through a two-wire system or a two-wire system. The specific wiring method is a mature technology in the field and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0066] The lifting mechanism 230 is used to lift the movable grille 320 upwards. When the lifting mechanism 230 lifts the movable grille 320 to its uppermost position, the locking mechanism 240 locks the lifting mechanism 230, maintaining the position of the lifting mechanism 230 and the movable grille 320 in the open position of the ventilation window assembly 300, ensuring free airflow on both sides of the door 100. The lifting mechanism 230 is equipped with a manual unlocking mechanism, which can be used to release the locking mechanism 240 from locking the lifting mechanism 230. Since the movable grille 320 in this embodiment is vertically movable, when the lifting mechanism is unlocked, the movable grille 320 can fall to the bottom of the rectangular opening 101 under its own weight, closing the ventilation window assembly 300.

[0067] In this embodiment, the ventilation window assembly 300 and the ventilation window control assembly 200 mainly have the following three operating modes:

[0068] Normal operation mode: When the temperature in the equipment room or computer room is high and ventilation is required, manually operate the lifting mechanism 230 to lift the movable grille 320 to the top of the rectangular opening 101. At the same time, the locking mechanism 240 locks the lifting mechanism, so that the lifting mechanism 230 suspends the movable grille 320 to maintain the ventilation window assembly 300 in the open state.

[0069] Normal closing mode: If the ambient humidity is high, the ventilation window assembly 300 is closed for moisture prevention purposes to prevent water vapor from entering the machine room or archives. At this time, the locking mechanism 240 is released from the lifting mechanism 230 by the manual unlocking mechanism, so that the movable grille 320 falls to the bottom of the rectangular opening 101 under the action of gravity, and the ventilation window assembly is closed.

[0070] Fire Alarm Mode: When a fire suddenly occurs while the ventilation window assembly 300 is open, the building's automatic fire alarm control system uses the bus network to energize the coil of the electromagnet assembly 250. The electromagnet assembly 250 uses magnetic attraction to activate the locking mechanism 240 and release the locking of the lifting mechanism 230. The movable grille 320 falls to the bottom of the rectangular opening 101 under gravity, and the ventilation window assembly closes. Therefore, whether a fire occurs in a room inside the fire door (such as an electrical fire or equipment overheating fire in the equipment room or machine room) or in other locations outside the fire door, the automatic fire alarm control system can be triggered, thereby energizing the electromagnet assembly 250 and pre-closing the ventilation window assembly 300. This prevents the fire inside the equipment room or machine room from spreading to the corridor or other rooms, and also prevents the fire outside from spreading to the equipment room or machine room.

[0071] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, the specific implementation of the lifting mechanism 230 and the locking mechanism 240 in this embodiment is as follows: The lifting mechanism 230 includes a wheel 231, which is rotatably installed in the cavity 104 on the door leaf 100. A steel cable 232 is connected to the circumference of the wheel 231, and the lower end of the steel cable 232 is connected to the movable grille 320.

[0072] The locking mechanism 240 includes a sleeve 242 and a locking pin 241. The sleeve 242 is vertically installed in the cavity 104. The locking pin 241 is movably inserted into the inner wall of the sleeve 242. The wheel 231 is provided with a radial locking groove 2312. When the wheel 231 drives the steel cable 232 to pull the movable grille 320 upward until the first ventilation port 311 is aligned with the second ventilation port 321, the lower end of the locking pin 241 falls into the locking groove 2312.

[0073] Assuming the ventilation window assembly 300 is initially closed, rotating the wheel 231 counterclockwise causes the wheel 231 to wind up the steel cable 232, thereby pulling the movable grille 320 upwards. Simultaneously, the lower end of the locking pin 241 slides on the circumference of the wheel 231. When the movable grille 320 reaches its uppermost position, i.e., when the first ventilation opening 311 of the movable grille 320 aligns with the second ventilation opening 321 of the fixed grille 310, the locking groove 2312 on the wheel 231 aligns with the locking pin 241, and the locking pin 241 falls into the locking groove 2312 under gravity. This prevents the wheel 231 from rotating further, and the steel cable 232 suspends the movable grille 320, maintaining it in the open position.

[0074] To minimize sliding friction between the wheel 231 and the locking pin 241, and to ensure that the locking pin 241 can smoothly fall into the locking groove 2312 after the movable grille 320 reaches the open position, the lower end of the locking pin 241 is designed with a semi-cylindrical or hemispherical structure. The locking pin 241 is preferably made of tin bronze or brass, and good lubrication between the locking pin 241 and the wheel 231 must be ensured during routine maintenance.

[0075] The electromagnet assembly 250 is fixedly installed on the top wall of the cavity 104. An armature 243 is fixedly installed on the top of the locking pin 241. The lower end of the electromagnet assembly 250 is vertically aligned with the armature 243. The air gap between the lower end of the electromagnet 250 and the armature 243 should not be greater than 15mm to ensure that the locking pin 241 can be attracted by the electromagnet 250. When a fire occurs in the building, the automatic fire alarm control system is triggered, which energizes the coil of the electromagnet 250. The electromagnet 250 attracts the locking pin 241 through the armature 243 and moves it upward, causing the lower end of the locking pin 241 to disengage from the locking groove 2312. After the wheel 231 is freed from the constraint of the locking pin 241, the movable grille 320 pulls the steel cable 232 under the action of gravity, causing the wheel 231 to rotate. At the same time, the movable grille 320 falls into the bottom of the ventilation window assembly 300 under the action of gravity, so that the first ventilation opening 311 and the second ventilation opening 321 are misaligned, the ventilation window assembly 300 is closed, and the door 100 is in a completely closed state, preventing the spread of smoke.

[0076] The manual unlocking mechanism is implemented as follows: it includes an unlocking slider 235, an axial slider 234, and a sliding sleeve 237. The sliding sleeve 237 is fixedly installed on the wheel 231 and is coaxial with the wheel 231. The axial slider 234 is slidably installed on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 237. The unlocking slider 235 is slidably installed on the inner wall of the lock groove 2312, and the length of the unlocking slider 235 is less than the length of the lock groove 2312. A connecting rod 233 connects the axial slider 234 and the unlocking slider 235. The two ends of the connecting rod 233 are respectively hinged to the unlocking slider 235 and the axial slider 234. A return spring 238 connects the axial slider 234 and the sliding sleeve 237.

[0077] Specifically, the sliding sleeve 237 is a hollow cylindrical structure, integrally formed with the wheel 231, and the axis of the sliding sleeve 237 coincides with the axis of the wheel 231; the axial slider 234 is also a cylindrical structure, installed on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 237, and can slide along the axial direction of the sliding sleeve 237. A slot along the axial direction is provided on the side wall of the sliding sleeve 237, and a hinge joint is detachably installed on the side wall of the axial slider 234. The hinge joint extends out of the slot on the sliding sleeve 237, and slides within the slot of the sliding sleeve 237 as the axial slider 234 moves; therefore, the hinge joint and the slot cooperate to limit the axial slider 234; when the axial slider 234 is pressed towards the wheel 231, the hinge joint on the axial slider 234 pushes the connecting rod 233, and the other end of the connecting rod 233 pushes the unlocking slider 235 to move upward along the locking groove 2312; when the ventilation window assembly 300 is in the closed state... When the unlocking slider 235 is located at the lower part of the locking groove 2312, the lower end of the locking pin 241 is in contact with the upper surface of the unlocking slider 235. When the ventilation window assembly 300 needs to be closed manually, the axial slider 234 can be pressed manually, so that the axial slider 234 moves along the axis of the wheel 231 towards the wheel 231. The axial slider 234 drives the unlocking slider 235 to move upward along the radial direction of the wheel 231 through the connecting rod 233, thereby pushing the locking pin 241 to move upward. When the top of the unlocking slider 235 is flush with the circumference of the wheel 231, the locking pin 241 completely disengages from the wheel 231. The wheel 231 loses the constraint of the locking pin 241. Under the action of gravity, the movable grille 320 pulls the steel cable 232 to drive the wheel 231 to rotate. At the same time, the movable grille 320 falls into the bottom of the ventilation window assembly 300 under the action of gravity, so that the first ventilation opening 311 and the second ventilation opening 321 are misaligned, and the ventilation window assembly 300 is closed.

[0078] After the axial slider 234 is released, under the action of the return spring 238, the axial slider 234 pops out in a direction away from the wheel 231, and the unlocking slider 235 falls back into the bottom of the locking groove 2312.

[0079] In this embodiment, a cover plate 105 is detachably connected to the cavity 104. The cover plate 105 has a circular hole, and an operation knob 210 is installed in the circular hole. The operation knob 210 includes a ventilation knob 211 and an unlock button 212. The ventilation knob 211 and the unlock button 212 are movably connected. The unlock button 212 is fixedly connected to the axial slider 234. The ventilation knob 211 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding sleeve 237.

[0080] The cavity 104 is a rectangular or cylindrical space located on the upper part of the door leaf 100. One side is a closed structure, and the other side is detachably fitted with a cover plate 105 via bolts. The cover plate 105 is flush with the surface of the door leaf 100 and is made of the same material as the door leaf 100 panel. A fireproof layer is provided on the inner side of the cover plate. The wheel 231 is mounted on the inner wall of the closed structure side of the cavity 104 via bearings. One end of the sliding sleeve 237 and one end of the axial slider 234 extend out of the circular hole in the cover plate 105. The operating knob 210 is a modular structure. The outer ring is a ventilation knob 211, and the unlocking button 212 is movably installed in the hollow part of the ventilation knob 211; it can move along the axis of the unlocking button 212; when the ventilation knob 211 is rotated, the sliding sleeve 237 drives the wheel 231 to rotate, completing the opening action of the ventilation window assembly 300; when the unlocking button 212 is pressed, the axial slider 234 can move inward, thereby driving the unlocking slider 235 to lift the locking pin 241 upward, so that the locking pin 241 is disengaged from the wheel 231, completing the unlocking action.

[0081] In this embodiment, the circumference of the wheel 231 is further provided with a radially protruding limiting block 2311 (see [reference] for the specific location). Figure 3 A limiting baffle 102 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cavity 104. The circumferential distance between the limiting baffle 102 and the limiting block is equal to the maximum stroke of the movable grille 320. That is, when the movable grille 320 falls under the action of gravity and causes the first vent 311 and the second vent 321 to be misaligned, the limiting baffle 102 blocks the limiting block 2311 and prevents the wheel 231 from continuing to rotate.

[0082] When the ventilation window assembly 300 is closed, after the locking pin 241 disengages from the wheel 231, the movable grille 320 pulls the steel cable 232 under the action of gravity, causing the wheel 231 to rotate clockwise. When the bottom of the movable grille 320 contacts the bottom of the rectangular opening 101, that is, when the ventilation window assembly 300 is in the closed state, the limiting block 2311 contacts the limiting baffle 102, thereby preventing the wheel 231 from continuing to rotate clockwise. This avoids the steel cable 232 from becoming excessively slack or knotted when the ventilation window assembly 300 is closed and the wheel continues to rotate clockwise.

[0083] In this embodiment, the maximum rotation angle of the wheel 231 is further configured to be 90°.

[0084] In this embodiment, after the wheel rotates 90°, the movable grille 320 completes its movement from the bottom to the top of the rectangular opening 101. That is, the stroke of the movable grille 320 is equal to one-quarter of the circumference of the wheel 231 (without considering the elastic deformation of the steel cable). When the ventilation window assembly 300 is open, the fixed connection point between the steel cable 232 and the wheel 231 is located at the 12 o'clock position of the wheel 231, the tangent point between the vertical part of the steel cable 232 and the wheel 231 is located at the 3 o'clock position of the wheel, the limiting block 2311 (the side in contact with the limiting baffle 102) is located at the 6 o'clock position of the wheel 231, the lower surface of the limiting baffle 102 is located at the 9 o'clock position of the wheel 231, and the opening of the locking groove 2312 faces the 12 o'clock direction of the wheel 231. When the ventilation window assembly 300 is closed, the locking groove 2312 and the fixed connection point between the steel cable 232 and the wheel rotate to the 3 o'clock position of the wheel. It ensures that the ventilation window components can be opened and closed smoothly, and also guarantees that the lateral position of the steel cable remains unchanged during the rotation of the wheel.

[0085] This embodiment is further configured such as... Figure 6 As shown, the wheel 231 has a groove 2313 on its circumference. One end of the steel cable 232 is fixedly connected to the groove 2313. A guide sleeve 236 is vertically installed inside the door leaf 100. The other end of the steel cable 232 passes through the inner wall of the guide sleeve 236 and is connected to the movable grille 320. The groove 2313 serves to limit the movement of the steel cable 232, preventing it from shifting laterally or detaching from the wheel 231. The sleeve and the steel cable 232 are fitted with a clearance, providing a contactless vertical movement space for the steel cable 232 and preventing it from scratching other components inside the door leaf 100.

[0086] In this embodiment, the locking mechanism 240 is further configured to have a thermal unlocking mechanism 220, such as... Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9As shown, the thermal unlocking mechanism 220 includes a nickel-titanium alloy wire 221, a first unlocking lever 222, and a lever slider 223. The upper end of the nickel-titanium alloy wire 221 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sleeve 242, and the lower end of the nickel-titanium alloy wire 221 is fixedly connected to the lever slider 223. The nickel-titanium alloy wire 221 is configured as a serpentine curved structure in the austenitic state and is stretched after cooling to the martensitic state. The lever slider 223 is slidably mounted on the outer wall of the sleeve 242, and one end of the lever slider 223 is fixedly connected to the first unlocking lever 222. A connecting block 244 is detachably installed on the side wall of the locking pin 241. A longitudinal slot 2421 is provided on the side wall of the sleeve 242. One end of the connecting block 244 extends out of the longitudinal slot 2421, and a second unlocking paddle 245 is connected to the end of the connecting block 244 extending out of the longitudinal slot 2421. The second unlocking paddle 245 extends horizontally above the first unlocking paddle 222. When the lower end of the locking pin 241 falls into the locking groove 2312, the lower surface of the second unlocking paddle 245 contacts the upper surface of the first unlocking paddle 222.

[0087] If the automatic fire alarm control system fails to trigger properly during a fire, or if there is an open circuit fault in the circuit, coil, or other parts of the electromagnet 250, causing the electromagnet 250 to fail to properly engage the locking pin 241 to close the ventilation window assembly, a thermal unlocking mechanism 220 can be set to provide a second line of defense for the ventilation window assembly 300 to automatically close in the event of a fire. Specifically, when a fire occurs, after the temperature of the nickel-titanium alloy wire 221 rises to the austenitic phase transformation start temperature (in this embodiment, the initial austenitic phase transformation temperature of the nickel-titanium alloy wire 221 is set to 70~90℃), the mechanism will automatically close the ventilation window assembly 300. The nickel-titanium alloy wire 221 begins to shrink and recover its shape in the austenitic state, thereby pulling the lever slider 223 upward. The upper surface of the first unlocking lever 222 contacts the lower surface of the second unlocking lever 245. As the nickel-titanium alloy wire 221 continues to shrink, the first unlocking lever 222 pushes the second unlocking lever 245 upward. The second unlocking lever 245 drives the locking pin 241 upward through the connecting block 244, causing the lower end of the locking pin 241 to disengage from the locking groove 2312. The ventilation window assembly 300 automatically closes under the gravity of the movable grille 320.

[0088] Since the second unlocking paddle 245 is positioned above the first unlocking paddle 222, when the locking pin 241 is moved upward by the manual unlocking mechanism or the electromagnet 250, the second unlocking paddle 245 will separate from the first unlocking paddle 222, and will not be linked with the thermal unlocking mechanism 220, thus not interfering with the thermal unlocking mechanism 220.

[0089] In this embodiment, both the first vent 311 and the second vent 321 are rectangular structures. Multiple rectangular first vents 311 are arranged at equal intervals along the height direction of the fixed grille 310. Multiple rectangular second vents 321 are also arranged at equal intervals along the height direction of the movable grille 320. The height of the first vent 311 is greater than the height of the second vent 321. Multiple sealing strips 312 are installed on the inner side of the fixed grille 310, with one side of each sealing strip 312 flush with the long side of the first vent 311. At room temperature, the gap between the sealing strip 312 and the movable grille 320 is no greater than 0.35 mm.

[0090] To ensure that the ventilation window assembly 300 can close smoothly under normal conditions or in the initial stage of a fire alarm, such as Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown, a suitable gap should be maintained between the movable grille 320 and the fixed grille 310 to avoid direct contact that would generate frictional resistance and affect the closing of the ventilation window assembly 300. However, a gap between the movable grille 320 and the fixed grille 310 would affect the overall sealing of the fire door, resulting in a decrease in its ability to block smoke. Therefore, in this embodiment, the height of the first ventilation opening 311 is set to be slightly greater than the height of the second ventilation opening 321, so that when the ventilation window assembly 300 is in the closed state, the solid parts of the fixed grille 310 and the movable grille 320 overlap within a certain range, and a sealing strip 312 is provided at this overlapping part (e.g., Figure 12 As shown), when the gap between the sealing strip 312 and the movable grille 320 is no more than 0.5mm, it has a good blocking effect on the spread of smoke in the early stage of a fire; when the gap between the sealing strip 312 and the movable grille 320 is not less than 0.2mm, it does not hinder the up and down movement of the movable grille 320 (considering safety redundancy, the gap between the sealing strip 312 and the movable grille 320 is set to 0.35mm in this embodiment).

[0091] When a strong stream of smoke or open flame spreads to the ventilation window assembly of the fire door, and the temperature of the sealing strip 312 exceeds 220°C, the sealing strip 312 expands and fills the gap between the movable grille 320 and the fixed grille 310, forming a complete seal and improving the barrier effect against smoke.

[0092] In the description of this invention, the term "a plurality of" refers to two or more. Unless otherwise explicitly defined, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. The terms "connection," "installation," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0093] In the description of this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this invention, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0094] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fire door with a ventilation and smoke-proof structure, characterized in that, Includes a door leaf (100), the lower part of which is provided with a ventilation window assembly (300), and a ventilation window control assembly (200) is connected to the ventilation window assembly (300). The ventilation window assembly (300) includes two fixed grilles (310) and one movable grille (320). The two fixed grilles (310) are fixedly installed on the inner and outer sides of the door leaf (100), respectively. The movable grille (320) is movably installed between the two fixed grilles (310). The fixed grilles (310) have a plurality of first ventilation openings (311) arranged in the height direction, and the movable grille (320) has a plurality of second ventilation openings (321) arranged in the height direction. The ventilation window control assembly (200) includes a lifting mechanism (230) and a locking mechanism (240). The lifting mechanism (230) is connected to the movable grille (320). The locking mechanism (240) is provided with an electromagnet assembly (250), which is electrically connected to the automatic fire alarm control system. When the lifting mechanism (230) pulls the movable grille (320) upward until the first vent (311) and the second vent (321) are aligned, the locking mechanism (240) connects with the lifting mechanism (230) and prevents the lifting mechanism (230) from moving; when the electromagnet assembly (250) is energized, the locking mechanism (240) disengages from the lifting mechanism (230), the movable grille (320) falls and the first vent (311) and the second vent (321) are misaligned; the lifting mechanism (230) is provided with a manual unlocking mechanism, which is used to separate the locking mechanism (240) from the lifting mechanism (230).

2. A fire door with a ventilated and smoke-proof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism (230) includes a wheel (231), which is rotatably mounted in a cavity (104) on the door leaf (100). A steel cable (232) is connected to the circumference of the wheel (231), and the lower end of the steel cable (232) is connected to the movable grille (320). The locking mechanism (240) includes a sleeve (242) and a locking pin (241). The sleeve (242) is vertically installed in the cavity (104), and the locking pin (241) is movably inserted into the sleeve (242). The wheel (231) is provided with a radial locking groove (2312). When the wheel (231) drives the steel cable (232) to pull the movable grille (320) upward until the first vent (311) and the second vent (321) are aligned, the lower end of the locking pin (241) falls into the locking groove (2312). The electromagnet assembly (250) is fixedly installed on the top wall of the cavity (104). An armature (243) is fixedly installed on the top of the locking pin (241). The lower end of the electromagnet assembly (250) is vertically aligned with the armature (243). When the electromagnet assembly (250) and the armature (243) are attracted, the lower end of the locking pin (241) disengages from the locking groove (2312).

3. A fire door with a ventilation and smoke-proof structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The manual unlocking mechanism includes an unlocking slider (235), an axial slider (234), and a sliding sleeve (237). The sliding sleeve (237) is fixedly mounted on the wheel (231) and coaxial with the wheel (231). The axial slider (234) is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve (237). The unlocking slider (235) is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the lock groove (2312), and the length of the unlocking slider (235) is less than the length of the lock groove (2312). A connecting rod (233) is connected between the axial slider (234) and the unlocking slider (235). The two ends of the connecting rod (233) are hinged to the unlocking slider (235) and the axial slider (234) respectively. A return spring (238) is connected between the axial slider (234) and the sliding sleeve (237).

4. A fire door with a ventilated and smoke-proof structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, A cover plate (105) is detachably connected to the cavity (104). A round hole is provided on the cover plate (105). An operating knob (210) is installed in the round hole. The operating knob (210) includes a ventilation knob (211) and an unlock button (212). The ventilation knob (211) and the unlock button (212) are movably connected. The unlock button (212) is fixedly connected to the axial slider (234). The ventilation knob (211) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding sleeve (237).

5. A fire door with a ventilation and smoke-proof structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The wheel (231) is provided with a radially protruding limiting block (2311) on its circumference, and a limiting baffle (102) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cavity (104).

6. A fire door with a ventilated smoke-proof structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The maximum rotation angle of the wheel (231) is 90°.

7. A fire door with a ventilated smoke-proof structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The wheel (231) has a groove (2313) on its circumference. One end of the steel cable (232) is fixedly connected to the groove (2313). A guide sleeve (236) is vertically installed inside the door leaf (100). The other end of the steel cable (232) passes through the inner wall of the guide sleeve (236) and is connected to the movable grille (320).

8. A fire door with a ventilated and smoke-proof structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The locking mechanism (240) is provided with a thermal unlocking mechanism (220), which includes a nickel-titanium alloy wire (221), a first unlocking paddle (222), and a paddle slider (223). The upper end of the nickel-titanium alloy wire (221) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sleeve (242), and the lower end of the nickel-titanium alloy wire (221) is fixedly connected to the paddle slider (223). The paddle slider (223) is slidably mounted on the outer wall of the sleeve (242), and one end of the paddle slider (223) is connected to the outer wall of the sleeve (242). The first unlocking paddle (222) is fixedly connected; a connecting block (244) is detachably installed on the side wall of the locking pin (241), a longitudinal slot (2421) is provided on the side wall of the sleeve (242), one end of the connecting block (244) extends out of the longitudinal slot (2421), and a second unlocking paddle (245) is connected to the end of the connecting block (244) that extends out of the longitudinal slot (2421), and the second unlocking paddle (245) extends horizontally above the first unlocking paddle (222).

9. A fire door with a ventilated and smoke-proof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first vent (311) and the second vent (321) are rectangular structures. Multiple rectangular first vents (311) are arranged at equal intervals along the height direction of the fixed grille (310). Multiple rectangular second vents (321) are arranged at equal intervals along the height direction of the movable grille (320). The height of the first vent (311) is greater than the height of the second vent (321). Multiple sealing strips (312) are installed on the inner side of the fixed grille (310). One side of the sealing strip (312) is flush with the long side of the first vent (311). Under normal temperature conditions, the gap between the sealing strip (312) and the movable grille (320) is no greater than 0.35 mm.

10. A fire door with a ventilated smoke-proof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower part of the door leaf (100) is provided with a rectangular opening (101), and two fixed grilles (310) are detachably installed on both sides of the rectangular opening (101); the inner wall of the rectangular opening (101) is provided with a vertical slide rail (103), and the two sides of the movable grille (320) are provided with vertical slide grooves (322), and the vertical slide grooves (322) slide in cooperation with the vertical slide rail (103).

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