Adsorption bed and adsorption member thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses an adsorption component for an adsorption bed, comprising a heat transfer conductor and an adsorbent portion with one side attached to one side of the heat transfer conductor along its heat transfer direction. The other side of the adsorbent portion faces a mass transfer channel. The adsorbent portion includes a first adsorbent layer and a second adsorbent layer sequentially disposed along the heat transfer direction of the heat transfer conductor. The first adsorbent layer is disposed between the second adsorbent layer and the heat transfer conductor. The thermal conductivity of the first adsorbent layer in the heat transfer direction is greater than that of the second adsorbent layer in the same direction. By maximizing the thermal conductivity of the first adsorbent layer, the overall heat transfer effect of the adsorbent layer is improved, thereby increasing the overall desorption and adsorption efficiency. This invention also discloses an adsorption bed including the above-described adsorption component.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of adsorption refrigeration technology, and more specifically, to an adsorption component for an adsorption bed, and to an adsorption bed including the above-mentioned adsorption component. Background Technology

[0002] Adsorption refrigeration systems mainly consist of an adsorption bed, an evaporator, and a condenser. The working principle of an adsorption refrigeration system is based on the adsorption capacity of solid adsorbents (such as zeolite, activated carbon, etc.) for certain refrigerant vapors (such as water, methanol, etc.). Heating the adsorbent causes the refrigerant in the adsorbent to desorb, and the desorbed vapor releases heat and condenses into liquid in the condenser. Cooling the adsorbent allows it to regain its adsorption capacity, and the adsorption causes the refrigerant liquid in the evaporator to evaporate. The evaporation in the evaporator absorbs heat, thus achieving refrigeration.

[0003] As the core component of an adsorption refrigeration system, the adsorption bed is the site where the adsorbent undergoes adsorption and desorption reactions, and its heat and mass transfer performance affects the overall performance of the adsorption refrigeration system.

[0004] In the process of realizing this invention, the inventors discovered at least the following problems in the prior art: In general use, a heat exchange fluid flows through one side of the adsorbent in the adsorption bed, while a mass transfer channel is provided on the other side. This means that during use, the adsorbent in the adsorption bed needs to transfer heat with the heat exchange fluid while simultaneously transferring mass with the external mass transfer channel. Currently, the heat transfer effect of existing adsorption components needs improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the first objective of the present invention is to provide an adsorption component for an adsorption bed that can effectively solve the problem that the heat transfer effect of current adsorption components needs to be improved. The second objective of the present invention is to provide an adsorption bed including the above-mentioned adsorption component.

[0006] To achieve the first objective mentioned above, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An adsorption component for an adsorption bed includes a heat transfer conductor and an adsorbent portion with one side abutting against one side of the heat transfer conductor in the heat transfer direction. The other side of the adsorbent portion faces a mass transfer channel. The adsorbent portion includes a first adsorbent layer and a second adsorbent layer sequentially disposed along the heat transfer direction of the heat transfer conductor. The first adsorbent layer is disposed between the second adsorbent layer and the heat transfer conductor. The thermal conductivity of the first adsorbent layer in the heat transfer direction is greater than that of the second adsorbent layer in the heat transfer direction.

[0007] In the above technical solution, the thermal conductivity of the first adsorbent layer in the heat transfer direction is greater than that of the second adsorbent layer in the same direction, resulting in a greater thermal conductivity advantage for the first adsorbent layer. This manifests as follows: per unit length in the heat transfer direction, during desorption, the temperature drop of the first adsorbent layer is less than that of the second adsorbent layer; while during adsorption, the temperature rise of the first adsorbent layer is less than that of the second adsorbent layer. This means that during overall adsorbent layer blending, the first adsorbent layer needs to transfer heat not only to its own adsorbent but also between the heat transfer component and the second adsorbent layer. The second adsorbent layer, on the other hand, only needs to absorb heat from the first adsorbent layer during desorption and release heat to it during adsorption, with the heat transfer primarily meeting its own adsorbent requirements, thus having lower heat transfer requirements. Therefore, during blending, maximizing the thermal conductivity of the first adsorbent layer will improve the overall heat transfer effect of the adsorbent layer, thereby increasing the overall desorption and adsorption efficiencies. In summary, the adsorption component of this adsorption bed can effectively solve the problem of insufficient mass transfer efficiency in current adsorption components.

[0008] In some technical solutions, the thermal conductivity of the adsorbent material in the first adsorbent layer is greater than that in the second adsorbent layer.

[0009] In some technical solutions, the adsorbent material of the first adsorbent layer and the adsorbent material of the second adsorbent layer are the same, and the adsorbent volume distribution density of the first adsorbent layer is greater than that of the second adsorbent layer.

[0010] In some technical solutions, the adsorbent particles in the first adsorbent layer are smaller than those in the second adsorbent layer, and the adsorbent particles in the first and second adsorbent layers are arranged in close contact.

[0011] In some technical solutions, the first adsorbent layer includes an adsorbent substance and a thermally conductive substance, wherein the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive substance is greater than that of the adsorbent.

[0012] In some technical solutions, the thermally conductive material is metal particles, the adsorbent material is adsorbent particles, and the metal particles and the adsorbent particles are mixed and distributed in the first adsorbent layer.

[0013] In some technical solutions, the thermally conductive material forms a foam support structure layer, and the adsorbent material is filled in the foam support structure layer.

[0014] In some technical solutions, at least one of the heat transfer conductors is a pipe structure with a cavity for the flow of heat exchange fluid, and the heat transfer direction of the heat transfer conductor is a transverse direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the heat exchange fluid.

[0015] In some technical solutions, at least one of the heat transfer conductors is a heat-conducting fin, and the adsorbent portion is provided on both sides of the heat-conducting fin in the thickness direction, and the heat transfer direction of the heat-conducting fin is the thickness direction.

[0016] In some technical solutions, the heat transfer conductor includes a tube structure and fins, wherein the opposing sides of adjacent fins and the outer wall of the tube structure located between them combine to form a groove structure; at least one first adsorbent layer extends from one side of one of the fins onto the outer wall of the tube structure and extends onto the corresponding side of another adjacent fin to form a concave structure, and the second adsorbent layer fills the concave structure.

[0017] In some technical solutions, the second adsorbent layer is 0.3 to 2 times the thickness of the first adsorbent layer.

[0018] To achieve the second objective mentioned above, the present invention also provides an adsorption bed comprising any of the aforementioned adsorption components. Since the aforementioned adsorption components possess the aforementioned technical effects, the adsorption bed having these adsorption components should also possess corresponding technical effects. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first type of adsorption component provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second adsorption component provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third adsorption component provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fourth adsorption component provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] The following labels are shown in the attached diagram: Heat transfer conductor 1, adsorbent section 2, heat exchange fluid 3, mass transfer channel 4, foam support structure layer 5, adsorbent particles 21, second adsorbent layer 22, first adsorbent layer 23; pipe structure 11, fins 12; Detailed Implementation

[0022] This invention discloses an adsorption component for an adsorption bed, which effectively solves the problem that the heat transfer effect of current adsorption components needs to be improved.

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Please see Figures 1-4 , Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first type of adsorption component provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second adsorption component provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third adsorption component provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fourth adsorption component provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] In some embodiments, an adsorption component for an adsorption bed is provided, mainly comprising a heat transfer conductor 1 and an adsorbent section 2. The adsorption bed is primarily used in adsorption refrigeration systems.

[0026] The heat transfer conductor 1 refers to a structural component capable of heat transfer. There are two main specific embodiments: the first is a pipe through which the heat exchange fluid 3 flows; the second is a heat-conducting entity, such as heat-conducting fins. The heat transfer direction of the heat transfer conductor 1 is generally determined by its arrangement. Typically, the heat-conducting component and the adsorbent section 2 are in thermal contact, and the external heat exchange source (heat source or cold source) also needs to be in thermal contact with the heat-conducting component. In this case, the heat transfer conductor 1 acts as an intermediate heat-conducting component, conducting heat between the external heat exchange source and the adsorbent section 2. The heat transfer path is clear, and therefore the corresponding heat transfer direction is also clear. Whether the external heat exchange source transfers heat to the adsorbent section 2 or vice versa depends on the temperature difference between the two. During the desorption stage, the external heat exchange source needs to transfer heat to the adsorbent section 2, while during the adsorption stage, the adsorbent section 2 needs to transfer heat to the external heat exchange source.

[0027] One side of the adsorbent section 2 is attached to the heat transfer direction side of the heat transfer conductor 1, while the other side of the heat transfer direction of the heat transfer conductor 1 is used to transfer heat with an external heat exchange source. It should be noted that "one side" and "the other side" can refer to two sides in a certain spatial direction, such as in a heat exchange tube; however, they can also refer to two sides that are not in a certain spatial direction, such as in a fin, where one side is the outer surface and the other side is the root structure for heat transfer to the outside. Therefore, "one side" and "the other side" in the heat transfer direction are mainly defined by the heat transfer path, with one end of the heat transfer path in conductive contact with the external heat source and the other end in conductive contact with the adsorbent section 2. In the first embodiment described above, the adsorbent section 2 is an adsorbent layer wrapped around the outer wall of the tube; in the second embodiment described above, the adsorbent section 2 is an adsorbent layer covering both sides in the thickness direction of the fin.

[0028] The other side of the adsorbent section 2 faces the mass transfer channel 4, and mass transfer pores are formed inside the adsorbent section 2. During the desorption phase, the heat transfer conductor 1 transfers heat to the adsorbent section 2, and then the adsorbent inside the adsorbent section 2 desorbs the gaseous adsorbent, which first enters the adsorption pores and then enters the mass transfer channel 4. During the adsorption phase, the gaseous adsorbent in the mass transfer channel 4 enters the mass transfer pores and is then adsorbed by the adsorbent in the mass transfer pores, releasing heat. This heat is transferred to the heat transfer conductor 1 and carried away by the heat transfer conductor 1. The adsorbent directly facing the mass transfer channel 4 can directly desorb the gaseous adsorbent into the mass transfer channel 4 or directly adsorb the gaseous adsorbent from the mass transfer channel 4.

[0029] The adsorbent section 2 includes a first adsorbent layer 23 and a second adsorbent layer 22 arranged sequentially along the heat transfer direction of the heat transfer conductor 1. The first adsorbent layer 23 is disposed between the second adsorbent layer 22 and the heat transfer conductor 1. This means that the second adsorbent layer 22 needs to transfer heat to the heat transfer conductor 1 through the first adsorbent layer 23, or at least part of the heat transfer between the second adsorbent layer 22 and the heat transfer conductor 1 needs to be done through the first adsorbent layer 23. Similarly, the gaseous adsorbent working fluid that needs to be transferred between the first adsorbent layer 23 and the mass transfer channel 4 is transferred through the mass transfer pores of the second adsorbent layer 22.

[0030] This is because, in the heat transfer direction, the adsorbent section 2 cannot achieve an absolutely thin-layer structure. Therefore, there will always be adsorbent portions that cannot contact the heat transfer conductor 1. This portion of the adsorbent needs to undergo intermediate heat transfer through the adsorbent portion closer to the heat transfer conductor 1. The same problem exists for mass transfer. To better illustrate the core difference of this application, in the heat transfer direction, at least a first adsorbent layer 23 and a second adsorbent layer 22 are defined. Of course, the adsorbent section 2 may only include the first adsorbent layer 23 and the second adsorbent layer 22, or it may also include a third adsorbent layer, a fourth adsorbent layer, etc., in addition to these; it is not limited here.

[0031] The thermal conductivity of the first adsorbent layer 23 in the heat transfer direction is greater than that of the second adsorbent layer 22 in the same direction. The thermal conductivity of the adsorbent layer is influenced by many factors, including at least two categories: one is the material itself, which has two aspects: the adsorbent material itself and whether a non-adsorbent but thermally conductive substance is added, along with the proportion of such substance. The other category is the structure, primarily affecting the continuity of the structure. Generally, air has the lowest heat transfer efficiency. If the two points correspond to the two ends of a rod-shaped heat conductor, the heat transfer effect in that direction is relatively good. Conversely, if the two points are separated, the thermal conductivity between them will be significantly reduced due to the slow thermal conductivity of gas.

[0032] The thermal conductivity of the adsorbent layer reflects the thermal conductivity efficiency per unit length and per unit cross-section in the heat transfer direction. Thermal conductivity efficiency can reflect either the change in temperature difference or the heat transfer time. The unit cross-section refers to the cross-section perpendicular to the heat transfer direction. Heat transfer time, for example, when two points have the same temperature of 30 degrees Celsius, if one point is heated to 50 degrees Celsius by an external heating source, and heat is transferred to the other point, the time required for the other point to reach a stable temperature reflects the heat transfer time. Regarding temperature difference, for example, when two points have the same temperature of 30 degrees Celsius, if one point is heated to 50 degrees Celsius by an external heating source, and heat is transferred to the other point, the temperature difference between the two points, such as 48 degrees Celsius after reaching a stable temperature, is the temperature difference described above. Generally, with a higher thermal conductivity, the other point's temperature might be 49 degrees Celsius, while with a lower thermal conductivity, it might be 47 degrees Celsius.

[0033] Since the connections between the solid parts in the adsorbent layer are not regular, this irregularity is reflected in the heat transfer direction and in the direction perpendicular to the heat transfer direction. Therefore, in the calculation, the longer the distance between two points in the heat transfer direction, and the larger the lateral span of each point, the more representative the calculation results will be.

[0034] The thermal conductivity of the first adsorbent layer 23 in the heat transfer direction is greater than that of the second adsorbent layer 22 in the same direction, giving the first adsorbent layer 23 a greater advantage in thermal conductivity than the second adsorbent layer 22. This manifests per unit length in the heat transfer direction as follows: during desorption, the temperature drop of the first adsorbent layer 23 is less than that of the second adsorbent layer 22; while during adsorption, the temperature rise of the first adsorbent layer 23 is less than that of the second adsorbent layer 22. This means that during overall adsorbent layer blending, the first adsorbent layer 23 needs to transfer heat not only to its own adsorbent but also between the heat transfer component and the second adsorbent layer 22. The second adsorbent layer 22, on the other hand, only needs to absorb heat from the first adsorbent layer 23 during desorption and release heat to the first adsorbent layer 23 during adsorption; the heat transferred is primarily for its own adsorbent requirements, thus its heat transfer requirements are lower. Therefore, during matching, maximizing the thermal conductivity of the first adsorbent layer will improve the overall heat transfer effect of the adsorbent layer, thereby increasing the overall desorption and adsorption efficiency. In summary, the adsorption bed structure of this design effectively addresses the problem of insufficient mass transfer performance in current adsorption structures.

[0035] In some embodiments, the second adsorbent layer 22 should not be too thick, as this would impair mass transfer; conversely, it should not be too thin, as this would diminish its heat transfer advantage. The specific thickness should be determined based on factors such as the thermal conductivity and mass transfer resistance of the material. Specifically, the second adsorbent layer 22 can be 0.3 to 2 times the thickness of the first adsorbent layer 23.

[0036] Correspondingly, the second adsorbent layer 22 still has a certain thickness, so heat transfer is still required in the heat transfer direction. However, the overall heat transfer will be less than that of the first adsorbent layer 23. Therefore, the thermal conductivity of the second adsorbent layer 22 cannot be too low. Thus, the thermal conductivity of the first adsorbent layer 23 in the heat transfer direction can be less than three times that of the second adsorbent layer 22 in the heat transfer direction, and the difference between the two cannot be too large.

[0037] In some embodiments, the thermal conductivity of the adsorbent material in the first adsorbent layer 23 may be greater than that of the adsorbent material in the second adsorbent layer 22. For example, the adsorbent material in the first adsorbent layer 23 may be aluminum phosphate, while the adsorbent material in the second adsorbent layer 22 may be silica gel. Specifically, the first adsorbent layer 23 may include multiple aluminum phosphate particles, and the second adsorbent layer 22 may include multiple silica gel particles. Of course, other materials can also be used. When selecting the adsorbent material, the adsorbent material in the first adsorbent layer 23 is preferred, especially one with good thermal conductivity, while the requirement for adsorption capacity can be reduced. Conversely, the adsorbent material in the second adsorbent layer 22 is preferred, especially one with good adsorption capacity, while the requirement for thermal conductivity can be reduced. Of course, under conditions of cost and other factors, the adsorbent material should ideally have a higher adsorption capacity and higher thermal conductivity. Thermal conductivity can be understood as the thermal conductivity coefficient.

[0038] In some embodiments, as shown in the appendix Figure 1 As shown, the adsorbent volume distribution density of the first adsorbent layer 23 can be greater than that of the second adsorbent layer 22. Adsorbent volume distribution density refers to the volume occupied by the adsorbent per unit volume. As mentioned above, for an adsorbent layer, it needs to contain adsorbent, not be completely filled with adsorbent, but also needs to reserve some cavities. These cavities exist as pores, serving as mass transfer pores. During the desorption stage, the desorbed gaseous working fluid first enters these mass transfer pores and then moves away from the corresponding heat transfer conductor to flow into the corresponding mass transfer channel. During the adsorption stage, the gaseous working fluid in the mass transfer channel enters the mass transfer pores and is then adsorbed by the adsorbent surrounding the pores. Therefore, the adsorbent layer density affects the volume ratio of the mass transfer pores, thus affecting the mass transfer efficiency.

[0039] Similarly, heat transfer between the first adsorbent layer 23 and the heat transfer conductor 1 and the second adsorbent layer 22 generally occurs through the thermal conductivity of the adsorbent itself. However, gaseous molecules in the mass transfer pores have very low heat transfer efficiency. Therefore, the density of the adsorbent layer also affects the heat transfer effect; a higher adsorbent layer density results in a larger heat transfer cross-sectional area and thus a better heat transfer effect. The improved heat transfer effect of a higher adsorbent layer density is mainly reflected in two aspects: firstly, the heat transfer cross-sectional area increases; secondly, the contact area for the adsorbent particles increases. Of course, ensuring the heat transfer effect also depends on comparing the thermal conductivity of the first and second adsorbent layers. When comparing the heat transfer effects, it can be assumed that the thermal conductivity of the adsorbent in the first and second adsorbent layers is the same, such as if the materials are the same. This is especially evident when the adsorbent materials of the first adsorbent layer 23 and the second adsorbent layer 22 are the same.

[0040] In some embodiments, the particle size of the adsorbent particles 21 in the first adsorbent layer 23 can be made larger than the particle size of the adsorbent particles 21 in the second adsorbent layer 22, and the particle size can be equal. In this case, the spacing between adjacent adsorbent particles in the second adsorbent layer 22 can be larger than the spacing between adjacent adsorbent particles in the first adsorbent layer 23, so that the adsorbent volume distribution density of the first adsorbent layer 23 is greater than that of the second adsorbent layer 22. Since the heating temperature of the second adsorbent layer 22 is lower than that of the first adsorbent layer 23 during the desorption stage, the adsorbent particles in the second adsorbent layer 22 are smaller, which can compensate for the influence of temperature drop on desorption efficiency. Similarly, during the adsorption stage, the cooling temperature of the second adsorbent layer 22 is higher than that of the first adsorbent layer 23, and the adsorbent particles in the second adsorbent layer 22 are smaller, which can compensate for the influence of temperature rise on adsorption efficiency.

[0041] In some embodiments, for ease of arrangement, whether by spraying or dispersing, the adsorbent particles of the first adsorbent layer 23 and the adsorbent particles of the second adsorbent layer 22 are arranged in close contact. Here, "closely contacted" means that they support each other, especially in the direction of extension.

[0042] At this point, the adsorbent particles in the first adsorbent layer 23 can be smaller than those in the second adsorbent layer 22. The larger adsorbent particles in the second adsorbent layer 22 create larger gaps between them, resulting in better mass transfer. Conversely, the smaller adsorbent particles in the first adsorbent layer 23 create a more compact structure, leading to better heat transfer.

[0043] Within the same volume space, the smaller and denser the inner particles (adsorbent particles in the first adsorbent layer 23), the smaller the gaps between particles, which helps to reduce the contact thermal resistance for heat transfer between particles; the larger the outer particles (adsorbent particles in the second adsorbent layer 22), the larger the gaps between particles, which helps with mass transfer and transport. A relatively optimal balance of heat and mass transfer can be achieved by controlling the two adsorbent layers.

[0044] Specifically, the particle size of the second adsorbent layer 22 can be between 1.2 and 2.5 times that of the first adsorbent layer 23. If the particle size is too small, the heat transfer effect will be insignificant; if the particle size is too large, the heat transfer effect of the particles in the second adsorbent layer 22 itself will be poor.

[0045] In some embodiments, the diameter of the adsorbent particles in the first adsorbent layer 23 may be 0.45 to 0.60 mm, and the diameter of the adsorbent particles in the second adsorbent layer 22 may be 0.8 to 1.0 mm.

[0046] The shapes of the adsorbent particles in the first adsorbent layer 23 and the second adsorbent layer 22 can be configured as needed, and can be blocky, elliptical, or spherical. Preferably, both the adsorbent particles in the first adsorbent layer 23 and the adsorbent particles in the second adsorbent layer 22 are spherical particles.

[0047] In some embodiments, the first adsorbent layer 23 may include an adsorbent substance and a thermally conductive substance, wherein the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive substance is greater than that of the adsorbent. The thermally conductive substance itself does not have adsorption capabilities; its primary purpose is to achieve high thermal conductivity, and it is typically a metallic substance.

[0048] Adding a thermally conductive material with a higher thermal conductivity can improve the overall thermal conductivity of the adsorbent layer, but the corresponding adsorption capacity will decrease.

[0049] For the second adsorbent layer 22, it is possible to add no thermally conductive material or to add thermally conductive material. If thermally conductive material is added, the volume ratio of the thermally conductive material should be less than the volume ratio of the thermally conductive material in the first adsorbent layer 23, so as to ensure that the thermal conductivity of the first adsorbent layer 23 is higher than that of the second adsorbent layer 22.

[0050] The thermally conductive material can exist in two ways: one is in the form of metal powder, and the other is in the form of a foam support structure.

[0051] In some embodiments, as shown in the appendix Figure 2 As shown, the thermally conductive material is metal particles, and the adsorbent material is adsorbent particles. In the first adsorbent layer, the metal particles and the adsorbent particles are mixed and distributed. That is, the first adsorbent layer 23 can be a composite adsorbent layer, and similarly, the second adsorbent layer 22 can also be a composite adsorbent layer, in which case the latter should have a smaller proportion of metal particles.

[0052] Specifically, the composite adsorbent layer includes not only the adsorbent but also a thermally conductive material with a high thermal conductivity, where the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive material is higher than that of the adsorbent. More specifically, the composite adsorbent layer can include a mixture of adsorbent particles and thermally conductive particles, wherein the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive particles is higher than that of the adsorbent particles. The thermally conductive particles, such as metal particles, are used, and particles with higher thermal conductivity are employed to improve heat transfer between the adsorbent particles, thereby enhancing thermal conductivity.

[0053] The thermally conductive particles and adsorbent particles can be the same size or different. Generally, the volume of the metal particles can be larger than that of the adsorbent particles, such as the former being 3 to 10 times larger than the latter, to reduce the number of metal particles and ensure continuity between them. It should be noted that since the mixed adsorbent layer contains a large number of adsorbent particles, and the sizes of these particles are generally not identical, the volume of the adsorbent particles in the composite adsorbent layer can be either the average volume or the volume of adsorbent particles of intermediate size. Similarly, the mixed adsorbent layer also contains a large number of thermally conductive particles, which may also vary in size. Therefore, the volume of the thermally conductive particles in the composite adsorbent layer can also be either the average volume or the volume of thermally conductive particles of intermediate size.

[0054] The thermally conductive particles and adsorbent particles can be either scattered or adhered together. They can be powdered or larger gravel-like particles. Generally, in manufacturing the adsorbent layer, the powdered thermally conductive particles and powdered adsorbent particles are mixed into a slurry, which is then applied to the heat transfer conductor 1 using spraying, dipping, or other methods, and then allowed to cure.

[0055] In some instances, considering that the heat transfer path of the adsorbent layer at the root is relatively large and more dependent on the heat transfer effect, the volume ratio of the heat-conducting particles in the adsorbent layer attached to the epitaxial portion can be gradually reduced along the direction away from the heat transfer conductor 1.

[0056] In some embodiments, the thermally conductive particles can be spherical, as spherical shapes are generally easier to manufacture. Of course, the thermally conductive particles can also be in the form of sheets, but sheet-like particles may affect mass transfer efficiency, although they can improve heat transfer efficiency and reduce contact thermal resistance.

[0057] To improve mass and heat transfer, the thermally conductive particles can be rod-shaped. Because of their longer extension, these rod-shaped structures allow different particles to easily come into contact with each other, but because of their rod shape, they do not affect mass transfer. Mass transfer refers to the transfer of gaseous adsorbent fluid within the composite adsorbent layer.

[0058] In some embodiments, the thermally conductive particles can be rod-shaped and extend along the thickness direction in a chain-like arrangement. This chain-like arrangement can be achieved using a magnetic field. This ensures better heat transfer along the thickness direction while minimizing the impact on mass transfer in the thickness direction.

[0059] In some embodiments, as described above, for better heat and mass transfer, it is preferable that the volume of the thermally conductive particles is larger than the volume of the adsorbent particles.

[0060] In some embodiments, on the other hand, to facilitate heat transfer between adsorbent particles, the volume of the thermally conductive particles can be smaller than that of the adsorbent particles. This is because one cause of contact thermal resistance is the air gap layer present in the contact between two solid surfaces, and the small-particle structure of the thermally conductive particles (with a particle size smaller than that of the adsorbent particles) filling the gaps between the adsorbent particles can reduce the contact thermal resistance.

[0061] Of course, in some embodiments, two parts of heat-conducting particles can be provided: one part of the heat-conducting particles has a volume larger than the adsorbent particles, such as the volume of this part of the heat-conducting particles is preferably between 2 and 6 times the volume of the adsorbent particles, so as to better transfer the heat on the heat transfer channel wall to the adsorbent particles; while the other part of the heat-conducting particles has a volume smaller than the adsorbent particles, such as the volume of this part of the heat-conducting particles is preferably between 0.1 and 0.6 times the volume of the adsorbent particles, so as to better fill the spaces between the adsorbent particles to facilitate heat transfer between the adsorbent particles.

[0062] In some embodiments, as shown in the appendix Figure 3 As shown, a thermally conductive material forms a foam support structure layer, and an adsorbent material fills the foam support structure layer. Of course, the second adsorbent layer 22 may also include a foam support structure layer, but the porosity of the foam support structure layer in the second adsorbent layer 22 must be greater than the porosity of the foam support structure layer in the first adsorbent layer 23.

[0063] The foam support structure layer 5 refers to the structure that forms the foam-like pores, and the solid part of the structure is made of a thermally conductive material to create a larger surface area for direct heat transfer between the foam and the adsorbent particles 21. The foam structure layer can be made of materials such as foamed metal, or other materials with high thermal conductivity. Specifically, foamed copper or foamed aluminum is preferred for the foam support structure layer 5.

[0064] The thermal conductivity of the solid structure of the foam support layer 5 is higher than that of the adsorbent particles 21, meaning that the thermal conductivity of the material used to make the foam support layer 5 is higher than that of the adsorbent particles 21. For details on how to manufacture the foam support layer 5, refer to existing methods for manufacturing foam metals. The solid structure of the foam support layer 5 forms the aforementioned foam-type pores.

[0065] The adsorbent particles 21 form an adsorbent-working-medium pair with the adsorbent medium. One adsorbent medium can correspond to multiple adsorbent particle 21 materials. Therefore, the adsorbent layer 4 can include multiple adsorbent particle 21 materials, such as aluminum phosphate and silica gel. The adsorbent particles 21 and the adsorbent medium can form a physical adsorbent-working-medium pair or a chemical adsorbent-working-medium pair. For example, when the mass transfer chamber 6 includes multiple adsorbents, the adsorbent layer 4 can include both physical and chemical adsorbent particles 21. Considering that some chemical adsorption can change the physical properties of the adsorbent particles 21, leading to a decrease in fixation effect, the use of such chemical adsorbent particles 21 can be avoided when it is necessary to maintain the physical properties.

[0066] The adsorbent particles 21 are arranged in the pores of the foam support structure layer 5 to form an adsorption layer. Generally, they do not completely fill the foam support structure layer 5, but leave gaps for mass transfer. Typically, the adsorbent particles 21 can be attached to the pore walls of the foam support structure layer 5 in a layered structure, in which case the adsorbent particles 21 can be a fine powder structure; alternatively, the adsorbent particles 21 can be arranged in a particulate structure filling the pores, with the pores formed between the particulate structures serving as mass transfer pores. It should be noted that the arrangement of adsorbent particles 21 in the pores of the foam support structure layer 5 can mean that all adsorbent particles 21 are arranged in the pores of the foam support structure layer 5; or it can mean that some adsorbent particles 21 are arranged in the foam support structure layer 5, while others are arranged in other locations.

[0067] During the desorption phase, heat is transferred from the high-temperature heat exchange fluid 5 to the heat transfer conductor 1, and then from the heat transfer conductor 1 to the adsorbent particles 21. This causes the adsorbent particles 21 to desorb the gaseous adsorbent, which is then discharged from the side of the foam support structure layer 5 away from the heat transfer conductor 1. Meanwhile, during the adsorbent particle 21 phase, the gaseous adsorbent present on the side of the foam support structure layer 5 away from the heat transfer conductor 1 enters the pores of the foam support structure layer 5 and is adsorbed by the adsorbent particles 21. During adsorption, heat is released and transferred to the support structure within the foam support structure layer 5. The heat is then transferred to the heat transfer conductor 1 through the support structure of the foam support structure layer 5, where it is further carried away by the low-temperature fluid in the heat exchange channel.

[0068] In some embodiments, the heat transfer conductor 1 can be welded to the foam support structure layer 5. Specific welding methods include, for example, vacuum brazing: a welding fixture (commonly graphite fixtures) is required. A metal material with a lower melting point than the base material of the heat transfer conductor 1 and the foam support structure layer 5 is used as the filler metal. The liquid filler metal wets the base material, fills the contact gap interface, and diffuses with the base material of the heat transfer conductor 1 and the foam support structure layer 5 to achieve the connection. Note that during brazing, the heat transfer conductor 1 should be placed axially perpendicular to the horizontal plane, allowing the liquid filler metal to flow along the outer wall of the heat exchange tube during welding, effectively filling the contact interface and preventing excessive flow into the pores of the foam support structure. If the foam support structure layer 5 is foamed copper and the heat transfer conductor 1 is pure copper, vacuum brazing is performed between the foam support layer and the heat exchange channel wall. The amorphous copper-phosphorus brazing filler metal has good wettability to pure copper. At a brazing temperature of 700°C and a holding time of 5 minutes, the brazing interface between the foamed copper and the pure copper substrate is smooth and tightly bonded, without any defects such as holes or cracks.

[0069] Of course, the heat transfer conductor 1 and the foam support structure layer 5 can also be pressure welded: a welding fixture is needed to fix the foam support structure layer 5 to the outer wall of the heat transfer conductor 1 and ensure that a certain pressure can be applied. The material is placed in a vacuum or protective atmosphere furnace for heating, so that the tiny unevenness of the two welding surfaces produces microscopic plastic deformation, achieving close contact. Then, during heating and heat preservation, the atoms diffuse into each other to form a metallurgical connection.

[0070] In some embodiments, as shown in the appendix Figure 1 The heat transfer conductor 1 can be a tube structure, with the tube cavity used for the flow of heat exchange fluid 3. In the desorption state, the heat exchange fluid 3 flows, and its temperature is generally relatively high, such as between 55 and 65 degrees Celsius. In the adsorption state, the temperature of the heat exchange fluid 3 is generally relatively low, such as between 28 and 35 degrees Celsius. In this case, the heat transfer direction of the heat transfer conductor 1 is a transverse direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the heat exchange fluid 3. For a circular tube, the heat transfer direction is the radial direction.

[0071] At this time, the first adsorbent layer 23 can be a first adsorbent layer attached to the outer wall of the pipe structure, and the second adsorbent layer 22 can be a second adsorbent layer attached to the outer wall of the pipe structure. Of course, when the pipe structure is placed horizontally, the first adsorbent layer 23 can be a first adsorbent particle layer spread flat on the outer wall of the pipe structure, and the second adsorbent layer 22 can be a second adsorbent particle layer spread flat on the outer wall of the pipe structure.

[0072] In some embodiments, the tube structure can be a circular tube or a flat tube, and the outer surface can be flat, a flat arc surface, or a flat planar surface. The outer surface may also have some minor unevenness while ensuring heat transfer efficiency. A circular tube structure can be used to ensure a larger heat exchange area.

[0073] In some embodiments, the heat transfer conductor 1 is a heat-conducting fin, and adsorbent portions 2 are provided on both sides of the heat-conducting fin in the thickness direction. If the heat transfer direction is the thickness direction of the heat-conducting fin, then heat is transferred from the center to both sides in the thickness direction. In this case, along the thickness direction of the heat-conducting fin, a first adsorbent layer 23, a second adsorbent layer 22, a heat-conducting fin, another first adsorbent layer 23, and another second adsorbent layer 22 can be arranged sequentially to form a multilayer structure. Taking desorption as an example, heat enters the heat-conducting fin from the root, and then is transferred to the first adsorbent layer 23 along the thickness direction at the heat-conducting fin. Due to thermal resistance and the endothermic evaporation of the adsorbent, the first adsorbent layer 23 still transfers excess heat to the second adsorbent layer 22, causing the adsorbent in the second adsorbent layer 22 to evaporate and absorb heat, thereby achieving heat transfer. Taking adsorption as an example, the heat of the second adsorbent layer 22 needs to be transferred to the first adsorbent layer 23. At this time, the first adsorbent layer 23 needs to present a lower temperature. At the same time, liquid adsorbent working fluid condenses at the first adsorbent layer 23, which also needs to release heat. At this time, the heat transferred from the first adsorbent layer 23 is collected together to be transferred to the heat-conducting fins.

[0074] In some embodiments, as shown in the appendix Figure 2 As shown, the heat transfer conductor 1 can simultaneously include a tube structure 11 and fins 12, wherein the fins 12 are vertically disposed on the tube structure 11. In this case, the first adsorbent layer 23 can be continuously attached to the outer surface of the tube structure 11 and the fins 12. When multiple fins 12 are provided, a groove structure is formed between adjacent fins 12. The first adsorbent layer 23 can extend from one side of one fin 12 to the outer wall of the tube structure 12, and then extend to the corresponding side of another fin 12 to form a concave structure. At this time, the second adsorbent layer 22 can fill this concave structure.

[0075] Based on the heat transfer components provided in the above embodiments, the present invention also provides an adsorption bed, which includes any one of the heat transfer components in the above embodiments, including a chamber, wherein the heat transfer component is disposed in the chamber. Since this adsorption bed uses the heat transfer components in the above embodiments, the beneficial effects of this adsorption bed are explained in the above embodiments.

[0076] Furthermore, the adsorption bed can be equipped with multiple heat transfer components as modular parts, evenly arranged in the adsorption bed chamber. In this case, each heat transfer component has a multi-port structure at both ends of its heat pipe 1, serving as a collector and a distributor, respectively.

[0077] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0078] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An adsorption member of an adsorption bed, comprising a heat transfer guide (1) and an adsorbent portion (2) attached to one side of the heat transfer guide (1) in a heat transfer direction, the other side of the adsorbent portion (2) being used to face a mass transfer passage (4), characterized in that, The adsorbent section (2) includes a first adsorbent layer (23) and a second adsorbent layer (22) arranged sequentially along the heat transfer direction of the heat transfer conductor (1). The first adsorbent layer (23) is disposed between the second adsorbent layer (22) and the heat transfer conductor (1). The thermal conductivity of the first adsorbent layer (23) in the heat transfer direction is greater than that of the second adsorbent layer (22) in the heat transfer direction.

2. The adsorption component of the adsorption bed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal conductivity of the adsorbent material in the first adsorbent layer (23) is greater than that of the adsorbent material in the second adsorbent layer (22).

3. The adsorption component of the adsorption bed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adsorbent material of the first adsorbent layer (23) is the same as that of the second adsorbent layer (22), and the adsorbent volume distribution density of the first adsorbent layer (23) is greater than that of the second adsorbent layer (22).

4. The adsorption component of the adsorption bed according to claim 3, characterized in that, The adsorbent particles (21) of the first adsorbent layer (23) have a smaller particle size than the adsorbent particles (21) of the second adsorbent layer (22). The adsorbent particles (21) of the first adsorbent layer (23) are closely attached to each other, and the adsorbent particles (21) of the second adsorbent layer (22) are closely attached to each other.

5. The adsorption component of the adsorption bed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first adsorbent layer (23) includes an adsorbent substance and a thermally conductive substance, wherein the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive substance is greater than that of the adsorbent.

6. The adsorption component of the adsorption bed according to claim 5, characterized in that, The thermally conductive material is metal particles, and the adsorbent material is adsorbent particles. In the first adsorbent layer, the metal particles and the adsorbent particles are mixed and distributed.

7. The adsorption component of the adsorption bed according to claim 5, characterized in that, The thermally conductive material forms a foam support structure layer, and the adsorbent material fills the foam support structure layer.

8. The adsorption member according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, At least one of the heat transfer conductors (1) is a pipe structure with a cavity for the flow of heat exchange fluid (3), and the heat transfer direction of the heat transfer conductor (1) is a transverse direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the heat exchange fluid (3).

9. The adsorption member according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, At least one of the heat transfer conductors (1) is a heat-conducting fin, and the adsorbent portion (2) is provided on both sides of the thickness direction of the heat-conducting fin. The heat transfer direction of the heat-conducting fin is the thickness direction.

10. The adsorption member according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The heat transfer conductor (1) includes a tube structure (11) and fins (12), wherein the opposite sides of adjacent fins (12) are combined with the outer wall of the tube structure (11) located between them to form a groove structure; at least one first adsorbent layer (23) extends from one side of one fin (12) onto the outer wall of the tube structure (11) and extends onto the corresponding side of another adjacent fin (12) to form a concave structure, wherein the second adsorbent layer (22) fills the concave structure.

11. The adsorption member according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The second adsorbent layer (22) is between 0.3 and 2 times the thickness of the first adsorbent layer (23).

12. An adsorption bed, characterized in that, Includes the adsorption component as described in any one of claims 1-11.

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