Method of detecting electrically heated glass, detection system and vehicle

Abstract

This application relates to a testing method, testing system, and transport vehicle for electrically heated glass, belonging to the field of glass testing technology. The testing method includes: acquiring the current temperature and current electrical parameters of the electrically heated element; determining theoretical electrical parameters based on the current temperature; wherein the theoretical electrical parameters are electrical parameters measured by the electrically heated element at the current temperature; and determining the current state of the electrically heated element based on the deviation between the current electrical parameters and the theoretical electrical parameters. The theoretical electrical parameters in this application are electrical parameters measured by the electrically heated element under normal performance conditions and at the current temperature. Therefore, the magnitude of the deviation can reflect the degree of deviation of the electrically heated element from its normal performance, thereby determining the current state of the electrically heated element, completing the performance testing of the electrically heated element, and identifying performance degradation of the electrically heated glass during use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of glass testing technology, and in particular to a testing method, testing system and transport vehicle for electrically heated glass. Background Technology

[0002] With technological advancements, electrically heated glass has emerged. This glass generates heat through internal heating elements, preventing frost, condensation, or snow accumulation and ensuring clarity. However, during use, the sealant at the glass edges may fail due to high and low temperature cycles, damaging the heating elements and causing a degradation in heating performance. Related technologies have proposed using thermal imaging equipment to capture images of the inspection area and determining the presence of defects in the heating element based on the temperature difference between adjacent inspection areas. However, this method is suitable for detecting defective products during production and cannot detect performance degradation that occurs during the use of electrically heated glass. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method, system, and vehicle for testing electrically heated glass that can detect the performance of electrically heated glass during use, in order to address the aforementioned technical problems.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application proposes a method for detecting electrically heated glass, the electrically heated glass including an electrically heated element, the detection method comprising: acquiring the current temperature and current electrical parameters of the electrically heated element; determining theoretical electrical parameters based on the current temperature; wherein the theoretical electrical parameters are electrical parameters of the electrically heated element measured at the current temperature; and determining the current state of the electrically heated element based on the deviation between the current electrical parameters and the theoretical electrical parameters.

[0005] In one embodiment, the step of determining the theoretical electrical parameters based on the current temperature includes: obtaining the temperature coefficient of resistance of the electric heating element and the reference electrical parameters at a reference temperature; wherein the reference electrical parameters include: reference resistance or reference current; determining the theoretical electrical parameters based on the current temperature, the temperature coefficient of resistance, the reference temperature and the reference electrical parameters; wherein the theoretical electrical parameters include: theoretical resistance or theoretical current.

[0006] In one embodiment, the step of determining the theoretical electrical parameters based on the temperature coefficient of resistance, the reference temperature, and the reference electrical parameters includes: calculating the theoretical resistance using the formula R1=R0*[1+ɑ(T1-T0)]; or calculating the theoretical current using the formula I1=I0 / [1+ɑ(T1-T0)]; wherein R1 is the theoretical resistance, R0 is the reference resistance, I1 is the theoretical current, I0 is the reference current, ɑ is the temperature coefficient of resistance, T1 is the current temperature, and T0 is the reference temperature.

[0007] In one embodiment, the step of determining the theoretical electrical parameters based on the current temperature includes: matching the current temperature in a preset matching library to obtain the theoretical electrical parameters corresponding to the current temperature; wherein the preset matching library includes the theoretical resistance or theoretical current of the electric heating element at different temperatures.

[0008] In one embodiment, the step of determining the current state of the electric heating element based on the deviation between the current electrical parameters and the theoretical electrical parameters includes: determining the current state of the electric heating element as normal when the deviation is within a first preset range; determining the current state of the electric heating element as poor when the deviation is within a second preset range; and determining the current state of the electric heating element as failed when the deviation is within a third preset range; wherein the maximum value of the first preset range is less than the minimum value of the second preset range, and the maximum value of the second preset range is less than the minimum value of the third preset range.

[0009] In one embodiment, the method further includes: outputting a first alarm message when the current state is the unfavorable state; and outputting a second alarm message when the current state is the failed state.

[0010] In one embodiment, the method further includes: calculating the difference between the current electrical parameter and the theoretical electrical parameter to obtain an electrical parameter difference; and using the absolute value of the quotient of the electrical parameter difference and the theoretical electrical parameter as the deviation.

[0011] Secondly, this application also proposes a detection system for electrically heated glass, wherein the electrically heated glass includes an electrically heated element, and the detection system includes: a power supply, a parameter measurement module, and a control module. The power supply is used to supply power to the electrically heated element, the parameter measurement module, and the control module respectively. The parameter measurement module includes: a temperature measurement unit, a resistance measurement unit, or a current measurement unit. The temperature measurement unit is used to measure the current temperature of the electrically heated element, the resistance measurement unit is used to measure the current resistance of the electrically heated element, and the current measurement unit is used to measure the current current of the electrically heated element. The control module is used to execute the detection method described in the first aspect embodiment above.

[0012] In one embodiment, the temperature measuring unit includes a temperature sensor that is in contact with the electric heating element.

[0013] Thirdly, this application also proposes a vehicle comprising: electrically heated glass and the detection system described in the second aspect embodiment above, wherein the electrically heated glass is electrically connected to the detection system.

[0014] In one embodiment, the electrically heated glass includes a first glass layer, an adhesive layer, an electrically heated element, and a second glass layer, which are stacked sequentially.

[0015] The aforementioned testing method, system, and vehicle for electrically heated glass determine theoretical electrical parameters by acquiring the current temperature of the electric heating element. These theoretical parameters are then compared with the acquired current electrical parameters, and the deviation between the two is used to determine the current state of the electric heating element. Since the theoretical electrical parameters are measured under normal performance conditions and at the current temperature, the magnitude of the deviation reflects the degree of deviation between the electric heating element and its normal performance, thereby determining the current state of the electric heating element, completing the performance testing of the electric heating element, and identifying performance degradation that may occur during the use of the electrically heated glass. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the conventional technology, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the conventional technology will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the detection method in one embodiment;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of determining theoretical electrical parameters in one embodiment;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the detection system modules in one embodiment;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a resistance measurement unit in one embodiment;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a current measurement unit in one embodiment;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an electrically heated glass in one embodiment.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0024] Power supply 210, parameter measurement module 220, control module 230, temperature measurement unit 211, resistance measurement unit 212, current measurement unit 213, first glass layer 201, adhesive layer 202, electric heating element 203, second glass layer 204. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate embodiments of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this application will be thorough and complete.

[0026] The testing method for electrically heated glass provided in this application is used to test the performance of the electrically heated element in the electrically heated glass, thereby detecting whether the electrically heated glass experiences performance degradation during use. For example, in low-temperature operating environments (the lowest temperature can reach -40°C), the sealant at the edge of the electrically heated glass may fail due to high and low temperature cycling, allowing moisture to seep into the glass. Furthermore, after prolonged water immersion and corrosion, the electrically heated element may experience an open circuit, leading to a degradation in the electric heating effect.

[0027] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, this application proposes a method for detecting electrically heated glass, the method including but not limited to the following steps:

[0028] Step S110: Obtain the current temperature and current electrical parameters of the electric heating element.

[0029] Specifically, the temperature of the electric heating element is a key factor affecting its electrical parameters. Therefore, during testing, the current temperature and electrical parameters of the electric heating element are first obtained. The current temperature of the electric heating element can be measured in real time using a temperature sensor (such as a thermocouple or thermistor) installed on the electric heating glass. Depending on the specific detection method, the obtained current electrical parameters may include: current resistance and / or current current. The current resistance can be measured by a set resistance measurement unit, and the current current can be measured by a set ammeter, Hall sensor, etc.

[0030] Step S120: Determine the theoretical electrical parameters based on the current temperature.

[0031] Specifically, after obtaining the current temperature of the electric heating element, the theoretical electrical parameters are determined based on this temperature. These theoretical electrical parameters are measured under normal operating conditions and at the current temperature. Theoretical electrical parameters can be calculated in real-time using an established theoretical calculation model, or obtained from the corresponding relationships derived after experimental calibration based on experimental data. Depending on the obtained current electrical parameters, the theoretical electrical parameters may include: theoretical resistance and / or theoretical current.

[0032] Step S130: Determine the current state of the electric heating element based on the deviation between the current electrical parameters and the theoretical electrical parameters.

[0033] Specifically, after determining the theoretical electrical parameters, the deviation between the current electrical parameters and the theoretical electrical parameters is calculated. Since the theoretical electrical parameters are measured by the electric heating element under normal performance conditions and at the current temperature, the magnitude of the deviation can reflect the degree of deviation of the electric heating element from its normal performance, thereby determining the current state of the electric heating element. For example, if the deviation is less than or equal to a certain threshold, the electric heating element is determined to be in a normal state; if the deviation is greater than a certain threshold, the electric heating element is determined to be in an abnormal state. It is understandable that, depending on the type of parameters obtained (resistance and / or current), when calculating the deviation between the current electrical parameters and the theoretical electrical parameters, the difference between the current resistance and the theoretical resistance, and the current current and the theoretical current can be calculated separately and used as the final deviation; or the difference between the current resistance and the theoretical resistance, and the current current and the theoretical current can be calculated simultaneously, and their average value can be used as the final deviation; or the current power can be calculated based on the current resistance and the current current, and the theoretical power can be calculated based on the theoretical resistance and the theoretical current, and the difference between the current power and the theoretical power can be used as the final deviation.

[0034] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, step S120, the step of determining the theoretical electrical parameters based on the current temperature, includes:

[0035] Step S121: Obtain the temperature coefficient of resistance of the electric heating element and the reference electrical parameters at the reference temperature.

[0036] Specifically, in this embodiment, the theoretical electrical parameters are calculated using an established theoretical calculation model. First, the temperature coefficient of resistance of the electric heating element and the reference electrical parameters at a reference temperature are obtained. The temperature coefficient of resistance is a parameter describing the change in resistance of the electric heating element with temperature; within the temperature range of the operating environment of the electrically heated glass, it can be considered a constant. The reference temperature is a pre-set experimental temperature, such as 20℃, 23℃, etc. The reference electrical parameters are the electrical parameters obtained by measuring the electric heating element at the reference temperature. Depending on the specific detection method, the reference electrical parameters may include: reference resistance and / or reference current.

[0037] Step S122: Determine the theoretical electrical parameters based on the current temperature, temperature coefficient of resistance, reference temperature, and reference electrical parameters.

[0038] Specifically, after obtaining the current temperature, temperature coefficient of resistance, reference temperature, and reference electrical parameters, the theoretical electrical parameters can be calculated using the law of resistance changing with temperature. When the theoretical electrical parameters only include theoretical resistance, the theoretical resistance can be directly calculated using the law of resistance changing with temperature. When the theoretical electrical parameters include theoretical current, the theoretical current can be calculated by combining the law of resistance changing with temperature and the relationship between current and resistance.

[0039] In one embodiment, when the theoretical electrical parameters include the theoretical resistance, the theoretical resistance is calculated using the formula R1=R0*[1+ɑ(T1-T0)], where R1 is the theoretical resistance, R0 is the reference resistance, ɑ is the temperature coefficient of resistance, T1 is the current temperature, and T0 is the reference temperature.

[0040] In one embodiment, when the theoretical electrical parameters include the theoretical current, the theoretical current is calculated using the formula I1=I0 / [1+ɑ(T1-T0)], where I1 is the theoretical current, I0 is the reference current, ɑ is the temperature coefficient of resistance, T1 is the current temperature, and T0 is the reference temperature.

[0041] In one embodiment, step S120, which involves determining the theoretical electrical parameters based on the current temperature, includes: matching the current temperature in a preset matching library to obtain the theoretical electrical parameters corresponding to the current temperature.

[0042] Specifically, in this embodiment, a preset matching library is constructed to assist in determining theoretical electrical parameters. The preset matching library includes the theoretical resistance and / or theoretical current of the electric heating element at different temperatures. When constructing the preset matching library, the resistance and / or current of a normally functioning electric heating element are measured at different temperatures (e.g., varying in 0.1°C) to obtain the temperature-resistance and / or temperature-current relationship, which is then stored in the preset matching library. When it is necessary to determine the theoretical electrical parameters, the corresponding theoretical electrical parameters can be obtained by matching the current temperature within the preset matching library.

[0043] In one embodiment, step S130, which determines the current state of the electric heating element based on the deviation between the current electrical parameters and the theoretical electrical parameters, includes: determining the current state of the electric heating element as normal when the deviation is within a first preset range; determining the current state of the electric heating element as poor when the deviation is within a second preset range; and determining the current state of the electric heating element as failed when the deviation is within a third preset range.

[0044] Specifically, in this embodiment, the current state of the electric heating element is divided into a normal state, a poor state, and a failed state, determined by the deviation between the current electrical parameters and the theoretical electrical parameters. The maximum value of the first preset range is less than the minimum value of the second preset range, and the maximum value of the second preset range is less than the minimum value of the third preset range. When the deviation is within the first preset range, it indicates that the deviation between the current electrical parameters and the theoretical electrical parameters of the electric heating element is small, and the electric heating element can basically meet the requirements for defrosting and defogging. In this case, the current state is determined to be the normal state. When the deviation is within the second preset range, it indicates that the heating effect of the electric heating element is poor, and the electric heating element may have a partial open circuit or short circuit. In this case, the current state is determined to be the poor state. When the deviation is within the third preset range, it indicates that the heating function of the electric heating element is basically failed. In this case, the current state is determined to be the failed state. In some embodiments, the first preset range is set to [0, 20%], the second preset range is set to (20, 50%), and the third preset range is set to greater than 50%.

[0045] In one embodiment, the detection method further includes: calculating the difference between the current electrical parameter and the theoretical electrical parameter to obtain the electrical parameter difference; and using the absolute value of the quotient of the electrical parameter difference and the theoretical electrical parameter as the deviation. In this embodiment, the deviation between the current electrical parameter and the theoretical electrical parameter is represented by the degree to which the current electrical parameter deviates from the theoretical electrical parameter. Specifically, when the current electrical parameter includes the current resistance and the theoretical electrical parameter includes the theoretical resistance, the deviation X = |(R2-R1) / R1|, where R1 is the theoretical resistance and R2 is the current resistance. When the current electrical parameter includes the current current and the theoretical electrical parameter includes the theoretical current, the deviation Y = |(I2-I1) / I1|, where I1 is the theoretical current and I2 is the current current.

[0046] In some embodiments, the deviation between the current electrical parameters and the theoretical electrical parameters can also be represented by the absolute value of the difference between the current electrical parameters and the theoretical electrical parameters. By setting an appropriate threshold range, the current state of the electric heating element can also be determined.

[0047] In one embodiment, the detection method further includes: when the current state is a poor state, outputting a first alarm message, the first alarm message indicating that the electric heating element is in a poor state and suggesting stopping the machine for inspection; when the current state is a failed state, outputting a second alarm message, the second alarm message indicating that the electric heating element has failed and suggesting replacing the electric heating glass; and when the current state is a normal state, not outputting an alarm message.

[0048] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, this application also proposes a detection system for electrically heated glass. The detection system includes a power supply 210, a parameter measurement module 220, and a control module 230. The power supply 210 is used to supply power to the electric heating element 203, the parameter measurement module 220, and the control module 230 respectively. The parameter measurement module 220 is communicatively connected to the control module 230. The control module 230 is used to receive the current temperature, current resistance, and / or current resistance measured by the parameter measurement module 220. The control module 230 is used to execute the detection method in the above embodiments.

[0049] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the parameter measurement module 220 includes a temperature measurement unit 211 and a resistance measurement unit 212. The temperature measurement unit 211 measures the current temperature of the electric heating element 203, and the resistance measurement unit 212 measures the current resistance of the electric heating element 203. The control module 230 acquires the current temperature sent by the temperature measurement unit 211 and the current resistance sent by the resistance measurement unit 212. The resistance measurement unit 212 is connected to both ends of the electric heating element 203, thereby directly measuring the current resistance.

[0050] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the parameter measurement module 220 includes a temperature measurement unit 211 and a current measurement unit 213. The temperature measurement unit 211 measures the current temperature of the electric heating element 203, and the current measurement unit 213 measures the current current of the electric heating element 203. The control module 230 acquires the current temperature sent by the temperature measurement unit 211 and the current current sent by the current measurement unit 213. The current measurement unit 213 is connected in series in the energizing circuit of the electric heating element 203, thereby directly measuring the current current.

[0051] In one embodiment, the parameter measurement module 220 includes a temperature measurement unit 211, a resistance measurement unit 212, and a current measurement unit 213. By simultaneously setting the resistance measurement unit 212 and the current measurement unit 213, the current resistance and the current current are measured synchronously.

[0052] In one embodiment, the temperature measurement unit 211 includes a temperature sensor that is in contact with the electric heating element 203. Specifically, in this embodiment, the temperature sensor (such as a thermocouple or a resistance temperature detector) is in direct contact with the electric heating element 203, directly absorbing heat from the electric heating element 203 through physical contact. The temperature signal is converted into an electrical signal by utilizing the property of the material resistance changing with temperature (resistance temperature detector) or the Seebeck effect (thermocouple), thereby obtaining the current temperature.

[0053] In one embodiment, this application also proposes a vehicle comprising: electrically heated glass and the detection system described in the above embodiment. The electrically heated glass is electrically connected to the detection system, and the performance of the electrically heated glass can be determined through detection by the detection system. The detection system can perform detection on the electrically heated glass when the vehicle is started, when the electrically heated glass is started heating, or at fixed intervals.

[0054] In one embodiment, such as Figure 6As shown, the electrically heated glass includes a first glass layer 201, an adhesive layer 202, an electric heating element 203, and a second glass layer 204, which are stacked sequentially. Specifically, the first glass layer 201 is the outer protective glass, used to withstand mechanical impact and environmental corrosion, and the second glass layer 204 is the inner protective glass, used to form a closed structure together with the first glass layer 201. The first glass layer 201 and the second glass layer 204 can be single-layer glass or composite glass. The adhesive layer 202 is used to tightly bond the glass to the electric heating element 203, while providing insulation and buffering. The adhesive layer 202 can be made of materials such as polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), and epoxy resin. The electric heating element 203 can be a mesh structure or a thin-film structure. The thin-film structure electric heating element 203 is composed of a conductive thin film (such as ITO film, indium tin oxide), and heats up through the thin-film resistance effect. The mesh-structured electric heating element 203 consists of resistance wires and busbars. The resistance wires can be evenly or dynamically spaced, with each end connected to one of the two busbars. The resistance wires can be made of tungsten, copper, silver, or other materials. The busbars are arranged horizontally, vertically, or obliquely, and are generally located on both sides of the electrically heated glass. The busbars can be made of conductive materials such as copper or silver.

[0055] The means of transportation can include land vehicles, water vehicles, air vehicles, industrial equipment, agricultural equipment, or recreational equipment. For example, a means of transportation can be a vehicle, which is a vehicle in a broad sense, including transportation vehicles (such as commercial vehicles, passenger cars, motorcycles, flying cars, trains, etc.), industrial vehicles (such as forklifts, trailers, tractors, etc.), engineering vehicles (such as excavators, bulldozers, cranes, etc.), agricultural equipment (such as lawnmowers, harvesters, etc.), amusement equipment, toy vehicles, etc. The embodiments of this application do not specifically limit the type of vehicle. As another example, a means of transportation can be an airplane or a ship.

[0056] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example that is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0057] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0058] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for detecting electrically heated glass, characterized in that, The electrically heated glass includes an electrically heated element, and the detection method includes: Obtain the current temperature and current electrical parameters of the electric heating element; The theoretical electrical parameters are determined based on the current temperature; wherein, the theoretical electrical parameters are the electrical parameters of the electric heating element measured at the current temperature; The current state of the electric heating element is determined based on the deviation between the current electrical parameters and the theoretical electrical parameters.

2. The detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the theoretical electrical parameters based on the current temperature includes: Obtain the temperature coefficient of resistance of the electric heating element and the reference electrical parameters at the reference temperature; The reference electrical parameters include: reference resistance or reference current; The theoretical electrical parameters are determined based on the current temperature, the temperature coefficient of resistance, the reference temperature, and the reference electrical parameters; wherein the theoretical electrical parameters include: theoretical resistance or theoretical current.

3. The detection method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of determining the theoretical electrical parameters based on the temperature coefficient of resistance, the reference temperature, and the reference electrical parameters includes: The theoretical resistance is calculated using the formula R1=R0*[1+ɑ(T1-T0)]; or, The theoretical current is calculated using the formula I1=I0 / [1+ɑ(T1-T0)]. Wherein, R1 is the theoretical resistance, R0 is the reference resistance, I1 is the theoretical current, I0 is the reference current, α is the temperature coefficient of resistance, T1 is the current temperature, and T0 is the reference temperature.

4. The detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the theoretical electrical parameters based on the current temperature includes: The theoretical electrical parameters corresponding to the current temperature are obtained by matching the current temperature in a preset matching library; wherein, the preset matching library includes the theoretical resistance or theoretical current of the electric heating element at different temperatures.

5. The detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the current state of the electric heating element based on the deviation between the current electrical parameters and the theoretical electrical parameters includes: When the deviation is within a first preset range, the current state of the electric heating element is determined to be a normal state; When the deviation is within a second preset range, the current state of the electric heating element is determined to be a poor state; When the deviation is within a third preset range, the current state of the electric heating element is determined to be a failure state; Wherein, the maximum value of the first preset range is less than the minimum value of the second preset range, and the maximum value of the second preset range is less than the minimum value of the third preset range.

6. The detection method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the current state is the unfavorable state, output the first alarm message; When the current state is the failure state, output a second alarm message.

7. The detection method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: Calculate the difference between the current electrical parameters and the theoretical electrical parameters to obtain the electrical parameter difference; The absolute value of the quotient of the electrical parameter difference and the theoretical electrical parameter is taken as the deviation.

8. A detection system for electrically heated glass, characterized in that, The electrically heated glass includes an electrically heated element, and the detection system includes: The system includes a power supply, a parameter measurement module, and a control module. The power supply provides power to the electric heating element, the parameter measurement module, and the control module, respectively. The parameter measurement module includes a temperature measurement unit, a resistance measurement unit, or a current measurement unit. The temperature measurement unit measures the current temperature of the electric heating element, the resistance measurement unit measures the current resistance of the electric heating element, and the current measurement unit measures the current current of the electric heating element. The control module is used to execute the detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The detection system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The temperature measurement unit includes a temperature sensor, which is in contact with the electric heating element.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, include: The electrically heated glass and the detection system as described in claim 8 or 9, wherein the electrically heated glass is electrically connected to the detection system.

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