A three-head special-shaped forging equipment and a forging method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of forging equipment, in particular to a three-head special-shaped forging equipment and a forging method, which solves the problems of uneven forging, low forming rate, inconvenient tool disassembly and assembly and single function of special-shaped forgings; the three-head special-shaped forging equipment comprises a forging workbench, the top of the workbench has three supporting columns and a triangular special-shaped top plate, the top plate has a hydraulic cylinder II and a forging impact hammer; the workbench is internally provided with three movable guide grooves, a hydraulic cylinder I and a circular pressing rod, the circular pressing rod is fixed with the forging impact head through a clamping structure containing a trapezoidal structure plate and the like, and further has a separation structure containing a protruding top rod and the like; a base plate, a sliding guide rod and a triangular special-shaped structure plate form a lifting structure; the equipment can control the feeding to make the blank stretching uniform, automatically disassemble and assemble the forging tools, provide various forging modes, and improve the forging efficiency and forming rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of forging equipment technology, and in particular to a three-head forging equipment and forging method for irregular forging parts. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of forging technology, the processing of irregularly shaped forgings has always been a challenge in production. Traditional forging equipment can usually only process forgings with regular shapes, and it is difficult to achieve efficient and precise forging of irregularly shaped forgings, especially three-head irregularly shaped forgings.

[0003] In traditional forging processes, forging irregularly shaped forgings presents numerous challenges. Conventional forging equipment often struggles to achieve uniform and effective forging of irregularly shaped forgings, and the material feed direction is difficult to control, leading to uneven stretching of the billet and a low forming rate. Moreover, the installation and disassembly of forging tools during the forging process typically require manual operation, which is not only inefficient but also increases labor costs and operational risks. Furthermore, traditional equipment generally has limited functionality and cannot flexibly adjust forging methods according to the needs of different forging stages, failing to meet diverse forging requirements and limiting further improvements in forging quality and production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing irregular forgings, such as uneven forging, low forming rate, inconvenient tool disassembly and assembly, and limited functionality, by proposing a three-head irregular forging forging equipment and forging method.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A three-head forging equipment for irregularly shaped forgings includes: The forging workbench has three movable guide grooves inside. The blank is hexagonal; Three supporting columns are fixedly connected at their bottom ends to the top of the forging workbench; A triangular irregular top plate is fixedly connected to the top of the three supporting columns; Hydraulic cylinder II is fixedly inserted through the triangular irregular top plate; A forging impact hammer, which is connected to the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder II, is used to vertically forge the blank. Three hydraulic cylinders I are respectively fixedly embedded in the inner wall of the three movable guide grooves on opposite sides; Three circular pressure bars are slidably fitted into the three movable guide grooves and slidably fitted into the output shaft end of the hydraulic cylinder I, for pressing indentations into the three spaced edges of the blank; Three forging impact heads; A snap-fit ​​structure is provided between the circular pressure bar and the forging impact head to complete the detachable connection between the circular pressure bar and the forging impact head, so that the hydraulic cylinder I can drive the forging impact head to forge the blank; the snap-fit ​​structure includes an insertion sleeve fixed to the bottom end of the forging impact head and an insertion groove provided on the top of the circular pressure bar, the insertion sleeve and the insertion groove being slidably inserted into each other; A separation structure for automatically disengaging the snap-fit ​​structure; the separation structure includes a protruding top rod fixed to the inner wall of the movable guide groove on the side away from the blank. A lifting structure is used to submerge the circular pressure bar into the moving guide groove during forging, so that the forging impact head abuts against the top of the forging worktable to forge the billet.

[0006] In one possible design, the snap-fit ​​structure further includes multiple trapezoidal structural plates fixed to the inner wall of the insertion sleeve, a sealing rubber gasket fixed to the bottom end of the insertion sleeve, a sealing cavity disposed within the circular pressure rod, multiple flow holes disposed on the bottom inner wall of the insertion groove and communicating with the sealing cavity, an insertion protrusion fixed to the bottom inner wall of the insertion groove, a cylindrical groove disposed within the insertion protrusion, a fluid conduit fixed to the bottom inner wall of the cylindrical groove and extending to the sealing cavity at its bottom end, a piston pressure plate slidably connected to the cylindrical groove, a fixed connecting rod fixed to the top of the piston pressure plate, multiple rectangular structural grooves disposed on the outer wall of the insertion protrusion and communicating with the cylindrical groove, a snap-fit ​​positioning plate slidably connected within the rectangular structural groove, and a linkage connecting rod rotatably connected between the snap-fit ​​positioning plate and the fixed connecting rod. The top end of the plug-in protrusion extends into the plug-in sleeve, and the bottom of the snap-on positioning plate cooperates with the top of the trapezoidal structure plate. When the insert sleeve is inserted into the insert groove, the air inside it is injected into the cylindrical groove through the flow hole, the sealing cavity and the fluid conduit, pushing the piston pressure plate and the fixed connecting rod to move upward, and driving the buckle positioning plate to move outward and engage with the trapezoidal structure plate through the linkage rod.

[0007] In one possible design, the separation structure further includes a magnetic adsorption ring fixed in the cylindrical groove and located below the piston plate, a load-bearing iron block fixed to the bottom of the piston plate, a gas vent located on the side of the circular pressure bar near the hydraulic cylinder I and connected to the sealed cavity, a guide rod slidably connected to the gas vent through the frame, a closed cover plate fixed to one end of the guide rod, and a tension spring sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod. There is a magnetic attraction between the load-bearing iron block and the magnetic adsorption ring; The two ends of the tension spring are respectively connected to the sealing cover and the frame, so that the sealing cover normally closes the gas vent. When the hydraulic cylinder I drives the circular pressure bar to move outward, the protruding top rod inserts into the gas vent hole, pushing the guide rod and the sealing cover to open the gas vent hole, allowing the air in the sealed cavity and the cylindrical groove to be discharged. The piston pressure plate moves down and resets under the action of gravity and magnetic attraction, causing the buckle positioning plate to move inward and disengage from the trapezoidal structure plate.

[0008] In one possible design, the lifting structure includes a base plate fixed to the bottom of the forging workbench by a bracket, a sliding guide rod sliding through the base plate, a triangular irregular structure plate fixed to the top of the sliding guide rod, a plurality of electromagnetic adsorption irons fixed to the top of the base plate, and a sheet metal layer fixed to the bottom of the triangular irregular structure plate. The bottom ends of the three circular pressure bars are all slidably connected to the top of the triangular irregular structure plate via slide rails; A spring I, fitted around the sliding guide rod, is provided between the bottom of the triangular irregular structure plate and the top of the base plate; The magnetic attraction between the sheet metal layer and the electromagnetically attracted iron is greater than the elastic force of spring I.

[0009] In one possible design, multiple sliding rods slide through the triangular irregular top plate, and the bottom ends of the multiple sliding rods are fixed with the same placement positioning ring. An electric linear push rod is fixedly passed through the triangular irregular top plate, and the output shaft of the electric linear push rod is fixedly connected to the top of the placement positioning ring. The bottom of the positioning ring is fitted with multiple permanent magnet blocks, and the permanent magnet blocks have magnetic attraction with the forging impact head.

[0010] In one possible design, a limit stop ring is fixed at the bottom of the forging impact head, and the limit stop ring is inserted into the circular pressure bar.

[0011] In one possible design, the circular pressure bar has multiple slides on the side near the hydraulic cylinder I, and the output shaft end of the hydraulic cylinder I is slidably connected to the circular pressure bar through the slides.

[0012] In one possible design, each of the three supporting columns has a threaded drive rod threaded through it, and each of the three threaded drive rods has a limiting baffle at one end that is close to each other. The limiting baffle is slidably disposed on the top of the forging workbench. The outer walls of the three supporting columns are rotatably connected with bevel gears, which are slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the threaded transmission rod through a sliding groove slider structure. The top of the forging workbench is rotatably connected to a bevel gear ring that meshes with the three bevel gears. A drive motor is fixed to the top of the forging workbench, and a rotary transmission cylinder I is fixed to the output shaft of the drive motor, with one end of one of the threaded transmission rods slidingly extending into the rotary transmission cylinder I.

[0013] In one possible design, a rotary transmission cylinder II is fixed to the side of the limiting baffle away from the blank, one end of the threaded transmission rod slides into the rotary transmission cylinder II, and a spring II is provided between one end of the threaded transmission rod and the inner wall of the rotary transmission cylinder II.

[0014] This application discloses a forging method for a three-head shaped forging equipment, comprising the following steps: S1. Blank clamping steps: Place the blank on the forging workbench, start the drive motor to drive the rotating transmission cylinder I and the threaded transmission rod to rotate, and drive multiple threaded transmission rods to rotate synchronously through the meshing of the bevel gear and the bevel ring, pushing the limit baffle to move to clamp and fix the blank in the center position. S2, Indentation Forming Step: The circular pressure bar is driven by hydraulic cylinder I to perform indentation operation on the edge of the blank. The three hydraulic cylinders I operate alternately to complete the indentation on the three spaced edges of the blank. The non-operating circular pressure bar simultaneously abuts against the blank to provide support. S3. Forging impact head installation steps: Hydraulic cylinder I drives the circular pressure bar to reset to below the insertion sleeve. The electric linear push rod pushes the placement positioning ring down, so that the forging impact head is installed on the top of the circular pressure bar. The insertion sleeve is inserted into the insertion groove and the piston pressure plate and the buckle positioning plate are moved through the air flow to complete the fixation by snapping the trapezoidal structure plate. At the same time, the limit stop ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the circular pressure bar to enhance stability. S4. Forging execution steps: The electric linear push rod continues to push the positioning ring, which drives the forging impact head and the triangular irregular structure plate to move down until the triangular irregular structure plate is in contact with the electromagnetic adsorption iron and the forging impact head contacts the forging worktable. The triangular irregular structure plate is fixed by the magnetic attraction of the electromagnetic adsorption iron, and the hydraulic cylinder I drives the forging impact head to forge the blank. S5. Alternating forging and flipping steps: Repeat the pressing operation, and use three forging impact heads to alternately forge the three sides of the billet to complete the stretching. Then, hydraulic cylinder I drives the forging impact head to detach from the billet, and hydraulic cylinder II drives the forging impact hammer to forge the billet. After flipping, repeat the operation to achieve uniform stretching and forming. S6. Disassembly and Reset Procedure: The electromagnetic adsorption iron is de-energized to release the adsorption on the triangular irregular structure plate. The triangular irregular structure plate is reset under the action of spring I. The hydraulic cylinder I drives the circular pressure bar to move and releases air through the gas vent through the protruding top rod, causing the piston pressure plate to move down and release the snap-fit ​​positioning plate. Then, the electric linear push rod drives the placement positioning ring to move down, and the forging impact head is disassembled by the magnetic attraction of the permanent magnet block in preparation for the subsequent pressing operation.

[0015] Beneficial effects: In this invention, the cooperation between hydraulic cylinder I and circular pressure bars enables three circular pressure bars to alternately press the three sides of the blank. Later, forging is carried out at the three pressing positions by a forging impact head. This forging method can control the material to move outward, making the blank stretch more uniform and the forming rate higher. In this invention, the insert sleeve is inserted into the insert groove, air is injected into the cylindrical groove, and the piston pressure plate is pushed up. The fixed connecting rod pushes the buckle positioning plate to move outward through the linkage rod. At this time, the bottom of the buckle positioning plate abuts against the top of the trapezoidal structure plate, thus completing the fixing of the insert sleeve and the circular pressure bar. This facilitates the subsequent forging of the blank by the circular pressure bar driving the forging impact head, eliminating the need for manual installation and improving forging efficiency. In this invention, the lifting and lowering of the triangular irregular structure plate and the circular pressure bar are controlled by the combination of electromagnetic adsorption iron and spring I, thereby controlling the circular pressure bar to press the blank and the forging impact head to forge the blank, providing multiple forging methods and greatly improving forging efficiency.

[0016] In this invention, the material feeding can be controlled to ensure uniform stretching of the billet, thereby improving the forming rate of irregular forgings; a specific snap-fit ​​structure enables automatic fixing of the forging impact head and the circular pressure bar without manual installation, improving forging efficiency; the separation structure can automatically release the snap-fit, which is convenient and quick; the lifting structure, together with the electromagnetic adsorption iron and spring I, can flexibly control the circular pressure bar and the forging impact head, providing multiple forging methods to meet the forging needs at different stages, greatly improving forging efficiency and quality, shortening the forging head replacement time, and improving efficiency; the three-head alternating forging ensures uniform stress distribution in the billet, thereby improving the forming rate. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a three-head irregular forging equipment provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A three-dimensional cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a three-head irregular forging equipment provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the forging impact head, the placement positioning ring, and the insertion sleeve of a three-head irregular forging forging equipment provided by the present invention. Figure 4A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the hydraulic cylinder I and the circular pressure bar of a three-head irregular forging equipment provided by the present invention; Figure 5 A three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the triangular irregular structure plate and the base plate of a three-head irregular forging equipment provided by the present invention; Figure 6 A three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the limiting stop ring and the insertion sleeve of a three-head irregular forging forging equipment provided by the present invention; Figure 7 A three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the circular pressure bar and the insert protrusion of a three-head irregular forging forging equipment provided by the present invention; Figure 8 A cross-sectional view of the insert sleeve and circular pressure bar of a three-head irregular forging forging equipment provided by the present invention; Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a three-head irregular forging forging equipment for forging parts provided by the present invention, showing different forging processes of the blank; Figure 11 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a limiting baffle and a limiting baffle for a three-head irregular forging equipment provided by the present invention; Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the threaded transmission rod, rotary transmission cylinder I, and rotary transmission cylinder II of a three-head irregular forging equipment provided by the present invention. Figure 13 for Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram at point B.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Forging workbench; 2. Billet; 3. Moving guide groove; 4. Hydraulic cylinder I; 5. Circular pressure bar; 6. Base plate; 7. Sliding guide rod; 8. Triangular irregular structure plate; 9. Spring I; 10. Electromagnetic adsorption iron; 11. Triangular irregular top plate; 12. Sliding straight rod; 13. Electric linear push rod; 14. Positioning ring; 15. Permanent magnet block; 16. Forging impact head; 17. Limiting stop ring; 18. Insert sleeve; 19. Trapezoidal structure plate; 20. Sealing rubber gasket; 21. Insert groove; 22. Insert protrusion; 23. Sealing cavity; 24. Flow through hole; 25. Fluid guide. 26. Pipe; 27. Cylindrical groove; 28. Piston pressure plate; 29. ​​Fixed connecting rod; 30. Rectangular structural groove; 31. Snap-on positioning plate; 32. Linkage rod; 33. Protruding top rod; 34. Load-bearing iron block; 35. Magnetic adsorption ring; 36. Gas vent; 37. Guide rod; 38. Sealing cover plate; 39. Tension spring; 40. Hydraulic cylinder II; 41. Forged impact hammer; 42. Support column; 43. Threaded transmission rod; 44. Bevel gear; 45. Rotary transmission cylinder I; 46. Drive motor; 47. Limiting baffle; 48. Rotary transmission cylinder II; 49. Spring II; 40. Bevel gear ring. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0020] In one embodiment: Refer to Figures 1-10 A forging method for a three-head irregular forging forging equipment includes a forging worktable 1, a billet 2, hydraulic cylinder I 4, hydraulic cylinder II 39, a circular pressure bar 5, a forging impact head 16, a triangular irregular top plate 11, and a triangular irregular structural plate 8, among other components. The billet 2 is hexagonal and is placed on the forging worktable 1. Through the coordinated action of multiple components, the billet 2 is precisely forged.

[0021] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The forging workbench 1 is the basic support component of the entire equipment. Three support columns 41 are welded to its top, and the three support columns 41 are evenly distributed. The top of each column is welded to the same triangular irregular top plate 11. The triangular irregular top plate 11 provides a stable mounting position for the hydraulic cylinder II 39. The hydraulic cylinder II 39 is fixedly inserted into the triangular irregular top plate 11, and its output shaft is fixed with a forging impact hammer 40, which is used to forge the billet 2 in the vertical direction.

[0022] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4The forging workbench 1 is equipped with three movable guide grooves 3. Hydraulic cylinders I4 are fixedly embedded in the inner walls of the three movable guide grooves 3 on their opposite sides. The hydraulic cylinders I4 are standard models with a working pressure range of 10-20 MPa and a stroke set to 200-300 mm according to actual requirements. Each movable guide groove 3 is slidably fitted with a circular pressure bar 5 (a bellows-shaped protective cover for use with the circular pressure bar 5 is installed above the movable guide groove 3). The circular pressure bar 5 has multiple slideways on its side near the hydraulic cylinder I4. One end of the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder I4 is slidably connected to the circular pressure bar 5 through the slideways. This connection method allows the hydraulic cylinder I4 to stably push the circular pressure bar 5 to slide within the movable guide groove 3.

[0023] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 7 and Figure 13 A snap-fit ​​structure is provided between the circular pressure bar 5 and the forging impact head 16 to facilitate quick connection and disassembly. The snap-fit ​​structure includes an insertion sleeve 18 fixed to the bottom end of the forging impact head 16 and an insertion groove 21 located on the top of the circular pressure bar 5. The insertion groove 21 slidably engages with the insertion sleeve 18. To enhance the sealing between the insertion sleeve 18 and the insertion groove 21, a sealing rubber gasket 20 is fixed to the bottom end of the insertion sleeve 18. The sealing rubber gasket 20 is made of nitrile rubber with a hardness range of 60-80 Shore A and a thickness of 2-5 mm.

[0024] Reference Figures 6-9 , Figure 13The snap-fit ​​structure also includes multiple trapezoidal structural plates 19 fixed to the inner wall of the insertion sleeve 18. There are 4-6 trapezoidal structural plates 19, evenly distributed on the inner wall of the insertion sleeve 18. The circular pressure rod 5 has a sealing cavity 23, and the bottom inner wall of the insertion groove 21 has multiple flow holes 24 communicating with the sealing cavity 23. An insertion protrusion 22 is fixed to the bottom inner wall of the insertion groove 21, and the top end of the insertion protrusion 22 extends into the insertion sleeve 18. A cylindrical groove 26 is provided inside the insertion protrusion 22, and a fluid conduit 25 is fixed to the bottom inner wall of the cylindrical groove 26, with the bottom end of the fluid conduit 25 extending into the sealing cavity 23. When the insertion sleeve 18 extends into the insertion groove 21, air in the insertion groove 21 is injected into the cylindrical groove 26 through the flow holes 24, the sealing cavity 23, and the fluid conduit 25. A piston pressure plate 27 is slidably connected within the cylindrical groove 26 to ensure smooth sliding. A fixed connecting rod 28 is fixed to the top of the piston pressure plate 27. The outer wall of the insertion protrusion 22 has multiple rectangular structural grooves 29 that communicate with the cylindrical groove 26. The number of rectangular structural grooves 29 is the same as the number of trapezoidal structural plates 19. Each of the multiple rectangular structural grooves 29 is slidably connected to a snap-fit ​​positioning plate 30, and the bottom of the snap-fit ​​positioning plate 30 cooperates with the top of the trapezoidal structural plate 19 to limit the trapezoidal structural plate 19 and increase the connection stability between the circular pressure rod 5 and the insertion sleeve 18. One side of the snap-fit ​​positioning plate 30 is rotatably connected to the fixed connecting rod 28 through a linkage rod 31. The linkage rod 31 is made of stainless steel, and its length is set according to the actual structural dimensions. When the fixed connecting rod 28 moves upward, the snap-fit ​​positioning plate 30 is driven to move outward through the linkage rod 31, thereby achieving snap-fit ​​fixation.

[0025] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 13 The separation structure is used to automatically release the jamming between the circular pressure bar 5 and the forging impact head 16 later. The separation structure includes a raised push rod 32, which is fixed to the inner wall of the moving guide groove 3 on the side away from the blank 2. A magnetic adsorption ring 34 and a load-bearing iron block 33 are also provided in the cylindrical groove 26. The magnetic adsorption ring 34 is fixed in the cylindrical groove 26 and located below the piston pressure plate 27. The load-bearing iron block 33 is fixed to the bottom of the piston pressure plate 27, and a magnetic attraction force is generated between the load-bearing iron block 33 and the magnetic adsorption ring 34. The magnetic adsorption ring 34 is made of neodymium iron boron magnet to ensure that after the piston pressure plate 27 loses air push, it can drive the fixed connecting rod 28 to move down and reset under the magnetic attraction force of the magnetic adsorption ring 34 and the load-bearing iron block 33.

[0026] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 13A circular pressure bar 5 has a gas vent 35 connected to the sealed cavity 23 on the side near the hydraulic cylinder I4. A guide rod 36 is slidably connected to the gas vent 35 via a frame. The guide rod 36 cooperates with a raised push rod 32, which pushes the guide rod 36 by inserting the raised push rod 32 into the gas vent 35. A sealing cover 37 is fixed to one end of the guide rod 36, sealing the gas vent 35. A tension spring 38 is fitted onto the outer wall of the guide rod 36. The parameters of the tension spring 38 are: wire diameter 0.5-1mm, outer diameter 5-10mm, free length 10-20mm, and initial tension 1-5N. Both ends of the tension spring 38 are fixedly connected to one side of the sealing cover 37 and one side of the frame via spring seats, respectively, so that the sealing cover 37, under the tension of the tension spring 38, tightly adheres to one inner wall of the sealed cavity 23, sealing the gas vent 35.

[0027] When the hydraulic cylinder I4 drives the circular pressure bar 5 to move outward, the protruding top rod 32 installed on the inner wall of one side of the moving guide groove 3 extends into the gas vent 35 and pushes the guide rod 36 and the sealing cover plate 37 to move, releasing the closure of the gas vent 35. The air in the sealed cavity 23 and the cylindrical groove 26 is discharged outward through the gas vent 35. The piston pressure plate 27 moves down and resets under its own weight and the magnetic attraction of the magnetic adsorption ring 34 to the load-bearing iron block 33, releasing the snap-fit ​​engagement between the snap-fit ​​positioning plate 30 and the trapezoidal structure plate 19, thus achieving automatic disassembly.

[0028] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5The lifting structure is used to ensure that the circular pressure bar 5 is completely submerged in the moving guide groove 3 when the forging impact head 16 forges the blank 2, facilitating the forging impact head 16 to contact the top of the forging worktable 1 to forge the blank 2. The lifting structure includes a base plate 6 fixed to the bottom of the forging worktable 1 by a bracket. A sliding guide rod 7 slides through the base plate 6, and its surface is smoothed to reduce sliding friction. A triangular irregular structure plate 8 is fixed to the top of the sliding guide rod 7. The bottom ends of the three circular pressure bars 5 are all slidably connected to the top of the triangular irregular structure plate 8 through slide rails. The slide rails are linear guide rails with a precision grade of P to ensure the stability of the movement of the circular pressure bars 5. A spring I9 is ​​fixed between the bottom of the triangular irregular structure plate 8 and the top of the base plate 6 via a spring seat. Spring I9 is ​​a compression spring with the following parameters: wire diameter 2-3mm, outer diameter 30-40mm, free length 100-150mm, and elastic modulus 100-200N / mm. Spring I9 is ​​sleeved on the outer wall of the sliding guide rod 7, used to drive the triangular irregular structure plate 8 upwards and fit against the bottom of the forging worktable 1, allowing the circular pressure bar 5 to press the blank 2. Multiple electromagnetic adsorption irons 10 are fixed to the top of the base plate 6, and multiple iron sheets are fixedly embedded in the bottom of the triangular irregular structure plate 8. Magnetic attraction is generated between the iron sheets and the electromagnetic adsorption irons 10, ensuring the triangular irregular structure plate 8 is stably placed above the base plate 6, facilitating forging of the blank 2 by the forging impact head 16. The magnetic attraction between the iron sheets and the electromagnetic adsorption irons 10 is greater than the elastic force of spring I9. The adsorption force of the electromagnetic adsorption iron 10 is in the range of 500-1000N to ensure stable adsorption of the triangular irregular structure plate 8.

[0029] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 Multiple sliding rods 12, two in number, slide through the triangular top plate 11. A common positioning ring 14 is fixed to the bottom end of each sliding rod 12. An electric linear actuator 13 is fixedly inserted through the triangular top plate 11. The electric linear actuator 13 has a thrust range of 500-1000N and a stroke of 100-200mm. The output shaft of the electric linear actuator 13 is fixedly connected to the top of the positioning ring 14, driving the positioning ring 14 to rise and fall. Multiple permanent magnet blocks 15 are embedded in the bottom of the positioning ring 14. The permanent magnet blocks 15 generate magnetic attraction with the forging impact head 16, driving the forging impact head 16 to rise and fall.

[0030] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 8A limiting stop ring 17 is fixed to the bottom of the forging impact head 16, and the limiting stop ring 17 is concentric with the insertion sleeve 18. The limiting stop ring 17 is inserted into the circular pressure bar 5 to further increase the stability between the forging impact head 16 and the circular pressure bar 5 after the insertion sleeve 18 and the circular pressure bar 5 are connected. The diameter of the limiting stop ring 17 is 5-10 mm larger than the diameter of the circular pressure bar 5, and its height is 10-15 mm.

[0031] In another embodiment: Refer to Figure 11 and Figure 12 Each of the three supporting columns 41 has a threaded drive rod 42 threaded through it. The diameter of the threaded drive rod 42 is 15-20mm, and the pitch is 2-3mm. Each of the three threaded drive rods 42 has a limiting baffle 46 at its closest end. The limiting baffle 46 is slidably mounted on the top of the forging worktable 1, and the cooperation of the three limiting baffles 46 is used to limit the blank 2, ensuring that the blank 2 is located in the center of the forging worktable 1, facilitating uniform force distribution during subsequent forging. Each of the three supporting columns 41 has a bevel gear 43 rotatably connected to its outer wall. The bevel gear 43 is slidably fitted onto the outer wall of the threaded drive rod 42 via a groove and a slider, driving the bevel gear 43 to rotate via the threaded drive rod 42. A bevel gear ring 49 is rotatably connected to the top of the forging worktable 1, and the bevel gear ring 49 meshes with the three bevel gears 43. A drive motor 45 is fixed to the top of the forging workbench 1 via a frame. The drive motor 45 has a power of 1-2kW and a speed of 1000-1500r / min. A rotary transmission cylinder I 44 is fixed to the output shaft of the drive motor 45. One end of a threaded transmission rod 42 extends slidably into the rotary transmission cylinder I 44 and is used to drive one of the threaded transmission rods 42 to rotate via the drive motor 45.

[0032] Reference Figure 12 A rotary transmission cylinder II 47 is fixed to the side of the limiting baffle 46 away from the billet 2, and one end of the threaded transmission rod 42 slides into the rotary transmission cylinder II 47. A spring II 48 is fixed to one end of the threaded transmission rod 42. The spring II 48 is a compression spring with the following parameters: wire diameter 1-2mm, outer diameter 15-20mm, free length 50-80mm, and elastic modulus 50-100N / mm. The end of the spring II 48 away from the threaded transmission rod 42 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one side of the rotary transmission cylinder II 47, and is used to make way for the deformation of the billet 2 during the forging process.

[0033] A forging method for a three-head forging equipment for irregularly shaped forgings includes the following steps: The blank 2 is placed on top of the forging worktable 1. A drive motor 45 drives a threaded transmission rod 42 to rotate via a rotating transmission cylinder I 44. The threaded transmission rod 42 drives one of the bevel gears 43 to rotate. The bevel gear 43, through a bevel ring 49, drives the other bevel gears 43 and the threaded transmission rod 42 to rotate synchronously. The threaded transmission rod 42 is threadedly connected to a support column 41, thereby pushing a limiting baffle 46 towards the blank 2. Multiple limiting baffles 46 clamp the blank 2 at the center of the forging worktable 1, facilitating even force distribution during subsequent forging. The output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder I 4 drives a circular pressure bar 5 towards the blank 2. The three hydraulic cylinders I4 operate alternately to press a notch into one side of the blank 2, completing the pressing of the notch into all three sides of the blank 2, with the edges of the three pressing notches spaced apart. During the pressing process, the non-operating circular pressing rod 5 provides support to the blank 2, ensuring stable pressing. After the blank 2 is pressed, the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder I4 drives the circular pressing rod 5 to reset, with the circular pressing rod 5 positioned directly below the insertion sleeve 18. The output shaft of the electric linear push rod 13 pushes the positioning ring 14 downwards until the forging impact head 16 is installed on top of the circular pressing rod 5, and the insertion sleeve 18 is inserted into the insertion groove 21, with the sealing rubber gasket 20 in place. This increases the sealing performance between the insert sleeve 18 and the insert groove 21. When the insert sleeve 18 moves downward, air in the insert groove 21 is injected into the cylindrical groove 26 through the flow hole 24, the sealing cavity 23, and the fluid conduit 25. The air pushes the piston pressure plate 27 and the fixed connecting rod 28 upward. The fixed connecting rod 28 pushes the snap-fit ​​positioning plate 30 outward through the linkage rod 31. At this time, the bottom of the snap-fit ​​positioning plate 30 abuts against the top of the trapezoidal structure plate 19, completing the fixation of the insert sleeve 18 and the circular pressure bar 5 without manual installation. In addition, the limiting stop ring 17 is sleeved on the outer wall of the circular pressure bar 5, further increasing the stability between the circular pressure bar 5 and the limiting baffle 46. After completing the forging and punching... After the impact head 16 and the circular pressure bar 5 are installed, the output shaft of the electric linear push rod 13 pushes the positioning ring 14 again to drive the forging impact head 16, the circular pressure bar 5 and the triangular irregular structure plate 8 to move down until the triangular irregular structure plate 8 is attached to the top of the electromagnetic adsorption iron 10. At this time, the forging impact head 16 is attached to the top of the forging worktable 1, which facilitates the forging impact head 16 to forge the blank 2 in the later stage. The magnetic attraction force of the electromagnetic adsorption iron 10 to the triangular irregular structure plate 8 is greater than the elastic force of the spring I9. Therefore, after the positioning ring 14 moves up and resets in the later stage, the electromagnetic adsorption iron 10 can still firmly adsorb the triangular irregular structure plate 8, so that the hydraulic cylinder I4 continues to push the forging impact head 16 to move to forge the blank 2.Three forging impact heads 16 are used to alternately forge the three sides of the blank 2, completing the stretching of the corresponding three sides of the blank 2. After forging, the three hydraulic cylinders I4 drive the corresponding forging impact heads 16 to move outwards, making contact with the blank 2. Then, the hydraulic cylinder II 39 drives the forging impact hammer 40 to move and forge the blank 2. Afterwards, the blank 2 is flipped over and forged again. Therefore, the forging impact hammer 40 and the forging impact head 16 work together to control the material flow outwards, making the blank stretching more uniform and the forming rate higher. After forging, the electromagnetic adsorption iron 10 is de-energized and releases the magnetic attraction to the triangular irregular structure plate 8. The triangular irregular structure plate 8 moves upwards and resets under the elastic force of the spring I9. Then, the hydraulic cylinder I4 drives the circular pressure bar 5 to move outwards, moving the inner wall of the guide groove 3. The protruding push rod 32 extends into the gas vent 35 and pushes the guide rod 36 and the sealing cover 37 to move, releasing the seal on the gas vent 35. Air in the sealed cavity 23 and the cylindrical groove 26 is discharged outwards through the gas vent 35. The piston plate 27, under its own weight and the magnetic attraction of the magnetic adsorption ring 34 to the load-bearing iron block 33, moves downwards to its original position, releasing the snap-fit ​​between the locking positioning plate 30 and the trapezoidal structure plate 19. The hydraulic cylinder I4 moves the forging impact head 16 directly below the permanent magnet block 15 via the circular pressure bar 5. Then, the electric linear push rod 13 drives the placement positioning ring 14 downwards. Through the magnetic attraction of the permanent magnet block 15 to the forging impact head 16, the forging impact head 16 is disassembled from the circular pressure bar 5, facilitating the subsequent pressing operation on the blank 2.

[0034] However, as is well known to those skilled in the art, the working principles and wiring methods of the drive motor 45, the electromagnetic adsorption iron 10, the hydraulic cylinder I 4, the electric linear actuator 13, and the hydraulic cylinder II 39 are commonplace and belong to conventional means or common knowledge. They will not be described in detail here. Those skilled in the art can make any selections according to their needs or convenience.

[0035] The accompanying drawings in this application are for illustrative purposes only. The dimensions and shapes of the components shown are not actual limitations but are merely schematic representations. In actual implementation, the components can be reasonably configured and adjusted according to specific needs and actual conditions.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-head forging equipment for irregular forging parts, comprising a forging worktable (1) having three movable guide grooves (3) therein; Three supporting columns (41) are fixedly connected at their bottom ends to the top of the forging workbench (1); A triangular irregular top plate (11) is fixedly connected to the top of the three supporting columns (41); Hydraulic cylinder II (39) is fixedly inserted through the triangular irregular top plate (11); A forging impact hammer (40), which is connected to the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder II (39), is used to vertically forge the blank (2); Three hydraulic cylinders I (4) are respectively fixedly embedded in the inner wall of the three movable guide grooves (3) on the side away from each other; Three circular pressure bars (5) are slidably fitted in the three movable guide grooves (3) and slidably fitted with the output shaft end of the hydraulic cylinder I (4) to press the three spaced edges of the blank (2); The three forging impact heads (16) are characterized in that, Also includes: A snap-fit ​​structure is provided between the circular pressure bar (5) and the forging impact head (16) to complete the detachable connection between the circular pressure bar (5) and the forging impact head (16), so that the hydraulic cylinder I (4) can drive the forging impact head (16) to forge the blank (2); the snap-fit ​​structure includes an insertion sleeve (18) fixed to the bottom end of the forging impact head (16) and an insertion groove (21) provided on the top of the circular pressure bar (5), the insertion sleeve (18) and the insertion groove (21) are slidably inserted into each other; the snap-fit ​​structure also This includes multiple trapezoidal structural plates (19) fixed to the inner wall of the insertion sleeve (18), a sealing rubber gasket (20) fixed to the bottom end of the insertion sleeve (18), a sealing cavity (23) disposed in the circular pressure bar (5), multiple flow holes (24) disposed on the bottom inner wall of the insertion groove (21) and connected to the sealing cavity (23), an insertion protrusion (22) fixed to the bottom inner wall of the insertion groove (21), a cylindrical groove (26) disposed in the insertion protrusion (22), and a bottom inner wall fixed to the cylindrical groove (26) with its bottom end extending to the inner wall of the cylindrical groove (26). The fluid conduit (25) inside the sealed cavity (23), the piston pressure plate (27) slidably connected to the cylindrical groove (26), the fixed connecting rod (28) fixed to the top of the piston pressure plate (27), a plurality of rectangular structural grooves (29) on the outer wall of the insertion protrusion (22) communicating with the cylindrical groove (26), a snap-fit ​​positioning plate (30) slidably connected to the rectangular structural groove (29), and a linkage connecting rod (31) rotatably connected between the snap-fit ​​positioning plate (30) and the fixed connecting rod (28); the insertion protrusion (22) The top of the sleeve extends into the insertion sleeve (18), and the bottom of the snap-fit ​​positioning plate (30) engages with the top of the trapezoidal structure plate (19). When the insertion sleeve (18) is inserted into the insertion groove (21), the air inside it is injected into the cylindrical groove (26) through the flow hole (24), the sealing cavity (23) and the fluid conduit (25), pushing the piston pressure plate (27) and the fixed connecting rod (28) to move upward, and driving the snap-fit ​​positioning plate (30) to move outward and engage with the trapezoidal structure plate (19) through the linkage rod (31). A separation structure is used to automatically release the connection of the snap-fit ​​structure; the separation structure includes a protruding top rod (32) fixed to the inner wall of the moving guide groove (3) away from the blank (2); the separation structure also includes a magnetic adsorption ring (34) fixed in the cylindrical groove (26) and located below the piston pressure plate (27), a load-bearing iron block (33) fixed to the bottom of the piston pressure plate (27), a gas vent (35) located on the side of the circular pressure bar (5) near the hydraulic cylinder I (4) and connected to the sealed cavity (23), a guide rod (36) slidably connected to the gas vent (35) through the frame, a closing cover plate (37) fixed to one end of the guide rod (36), and a sleeve on the outer wall of the guide rod (36). Tension spring (38); there is magnetic attraction between the load-bearing iron block (33) and the magnetic adsorption ring (34); the two ends of the tension spring (38) are respectively connected to the closed cover plate (37) and the frame, so that the closed cover plate (37) normally closes the gas vent (35); when the hydraulic cylinder I (4) drives the circular pressure bar (5) to move outward, the protruding top rod (32) is inserted into the gas vent (35) to push the guide rod (36) and the closed cover plate (37) to open the gas vent (35), so that the air in the sealed cavity (23) and the cylindrical groove (26) is discharged, and the piston pressure plate (27) moves down and resets under the action of gravity and magnetic attraction, driving the buckle positioning plate (30) to move inward and disengage from the trapezoidal structure plate (19). A lifting structure is used to insert the circular pressure bar (5) into the moving guide groove (3) during forging, so that the forging impact head (16) abuts against the top of the forging workbench (1) to forge the blank (2); the lifting structure includes a base plate (6) fixed to the bottom of the forging workbench (1) by a bracket, a sliding guide rod (7) sliding through the base plate (6), a triangular irregular structure plate (8) fixed to the top of the sliding guide rod (7), multiple electromagnetic adsorption irons (10) fixed to the top of the base plate (6), and an iron sheet layer fixed to the bottom of the triangular irregular structure plate (8); the bottom ends of the three circular pressure bars (5) are slidably connected to the top of the triangular irregular structure plate (8); a spring I (9) sleeved on the sliding guide rod (7) is provided between the bottom of the triangular irregular structure plate (8) and the top of the base plate (6); the iron The magnetic attraction between the skin and the electromagnetic adsorption iron (10) is greater than the elastic force of the spring I (9); multiple sliding rods (12) slide through the triangular irregular top plate (11), and the bottom end of the multiple sliding rods (12) is fixed with the same placement positioning ring (14); an electric linear push rod (13) is fixed through the triangular irregular top plate (11), and the output shaft of the electric linear push rod (13) is fixedly connected to the top of the placement positioning ring (14); multiple permanent magnet blocks (15) are embedded at the bottom of the placement positioning ring (14), and there is a magnetic attraction between the permanent magnet blocks (15) and the forging impact head (16); threaded transmission rods (42) are threaded through the three support columns (41), and a limiting baffle (46) is provided at the end of the three threaded transmission rods (42) that are close to each other, and the limiting baffle (46) clamps and fixes the blank (2) in the center position.

2. The three-head forging equipment for irregularly shaped forgings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the forging impact head (16) is fixed with a limit stop ring (17), which is inserted into the circular pressure bar (5).

3. The three-head forging equipment for irregularly shaped forgings according to claim 2, characterized in that, The circular pressure bar (5) is provided with multiple slides on the side near the hydraulic cylinder I (4), and the output shaft end of the hydraulic cylinder I (4) is slidably connected to the circular pressure bar (5) through the slides.

4. The three-head forging equipment for irregularly shaped forgings according to claim 3, characterized in that, The limiting baffle (46) is slidably disposed on the top of the forging workbench (1). The outer walls of the three supporting columns (41) are rotatably connected with bevel gears (43). The bevel gears (43) are slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the threaded transmission rod (42) through a sliding groove slider structure. The top of the forging workbench (1) is rotatably connected with a bevel gear ring (49) that meshes with the three bevel gears (43). The top of the forging workbench (1) is fixed with a drive motor (45). The output shaft of the drive motor (45) is fixed with a rotary transmission cylinder I (44). One end of one of the threaded transmission rods (42) slides into the rotary transmission cylinder I (44).

5. A three-head forging equipment for irregularly shaped forgings according to claim 4, characterized in that, The limiting baffle (46) is fixed with a rotary transmission cylinder II (47) on the side away from the blank (2). One end of the threaded transmission rod (42) slides into the rotary transmission cylinder II (47), and a spring II (48) is provided between one end of the threaded transmission rod (42) and the inner wall of the rotary transmission cylinder II (47).

6. A forging method for a three-head shaped forging equipment, applied to the three-head shaped forging equipment described in claim 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Place the blank (2) on the forging workbench (1), start the drive motor (45) to drive the rotating transmission cylinder I (44) and the threaded transmission rod (42) to rotate. Through the meshing of the bevel gear (43) and the bevel ring (49), multiple threaded transmission rods (42) are driven to rotate synchronously, pushing the limit baffle (46) to move so as to clamp and fix the blank (2) in the center position. S2. The circular pressure bar (5) is driven by the hydraulic cylinder I (4) to perform a denting operation on the edge of the blank (2). The three hydraulic cylinders I (4) operate alternately to complete the denting on the three spaced edges of the blank (2). The circular pressure bar (5) that is not running at the same time abuts against the blank (2) to provide support. S3, Hydraulic cylinder I (4) drives the circular pressure bar (5) to reset to below the insertion sleeve (18), electric linear push rod (13) pushes the placement positioning ring (14) down, so that the forging impact head (16) is installed on the top of the circular pressure bar (5), the insertion sleeve (18) is inserted into the insertion groove (21) and the piston pressure plate (27) and the snap-on positioning plate (30) are moved through air circulation, so as to snap the trapezoidal structure plate (19) to complete the fixation. At the same time, the limit stop ring (17) is sleeved on the outer wall of the circular pressure bar (5) to enhance stability; S4. The electric linear push rod (13) continues to push the placement positioning ring (14) to drive the forging impact head (16) and the triangular irregular structure plate (8) to move down until the triangular irregular structure plate (8) is attached to the electromagnetic adsorption iron (10) and the forging impact head (16) contacts the forging worktable (1). The triangular irregular structure plate (8) is fixed by the magnetic attraction of the electromagnetic adsorption iron (10), and the hydraulic cylinder I (4) drives the forging impact head (16) to forge the blank (2). S5. Repeat the pressing operation, and use three forging impact heads (16) to alternately forge the three sides of the blank (2) to complete the stretching. Then, hydraulic cylinder I (4) drives the forging impact head (16) to detach from the blank (2), and hydraulic cylinder II (39) drives the forging impact hammer (40) to forge the blank (2). After flipping, repeat the operation to achieve uniform stretching and forming. S6. The electromagnetic adsorption iron (10) is de-energized and releases the adsorption on the triangular irregular structure plate (8). The triangular irregular structure plate (8) is reset under the action of spring I (9). The hydraulic cylinder I (4) drives the circular pressure bar (5) to move and opens the gas vent (35) through the protruding top rod (32) to release the air, so that the piston pressure plate (27) moves down to release the snap-fit ​​positioning plate (30). Then the electric linear push rod (13) drives the placement positioning ring (14) to move down, and the forging impact head (16) is disassembled by the magnetic attraction of the permanent magnet block (15) to prepare for the subsequent denting operation.

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