A switch cabinet safety protection device and a switch cabinet

Abstract

The application discloses a switch cabinet safety protection device and a switch cabinet, and relates to the technical field of switch cabinets, which comprises a switch cabinet main body, a ventilation hole is arranged on the top of the switch cabinet main body, a drawer unit is arranged in the switch cabinet main body, a plurality of drawer units are arranged in equal intervals from top to bottom, the drawer unit is used for power supply control and rapid isolation maintenance of a loop, a circuit breaker is installed in the drawer unit, and a line-in terminal is electrically connected to one end of the circuit breaker. When an operator directly pulls a handle without rotating a knob due to misoperation, the sliding of the first connecting block forcibly drives the execution rod to rotate through steel wire transmission, and the circuit breaker is driven to complete an opening operation. The interlocking structure is completely realized by mechanical transmission and does not depend on electrical control, and the reliability is high. The major safety hazard that the bolt is deformed, the circuit breaker is not opened and the drawer is pulled out while being electrified due to misoperation or violent pulling in the prior art is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of switchgear technology, and in particular to a switchgear safety protection device and a switchgear. Background Technology

[0002] Switchgear is a key power distribution device in a power system used for opening, closing, controlling and protecting electrical equipment during power generation, transmission, distribution and energy conversion. Among them, drawer-type switchgear is widely used in industrial and mining enterprises, high-rise buildings and other places with high power supply reliability requirements due to its flexible circuit power supply control and easy rapid isolation and maintenance.

[0003] However, existing drawer-type switchgear still has many technical shortcomings in terms of safety protection and environmental control:

[0004] I. The safety interlocking mechanism of the drawer unit is inadequate.

[0005] Existing drawer-type switchgear typically uses a linkage mechanism to control the circuit breaker's switching state in the drawer unit. A knob drives an actuator to rotate, achieving the circuit breaker's opening and closing operations. Simultaneously, a connecting component moves a latch up and down to lock and unlock the drawer unit. However, in actual operation, operators may mistakenly pull out the drawer unit forcefully without turning the knob to disconnect the circuit breaker. In this case, although the latch is subjected to force, it cannot effectively open the circuit breaker, leaving it still in the closed state, creating a serious safety hazard of pulling out the drawer unit while it is energized. While existing technologies include mechanical interlocking devices, they are mostly single-protection structures, lacking mechanical linkage protection between forced power disconnection and drawer pulling action, thus failing to fundamentally eliminate safety accidents caused by misoperation.

[0006] 2. The cabinet's dust removal and dehumidification functions are lacking or inefficient.

[0007] During long-term operation, dust from the external environment can easily enter the switchgear through the ventilation structure. Dust accumulates on the surface of insulating components, leading to decreased insulation performance and potentially causing surface discharge or even short circuits. Existing switchgear often uses simple filters or natural sedimentation for dust removal, which is inefficient and lacks automatic cleaning, resulting in dust re-entrainment. Simultaneously, in high-humidity environments, condensation easily occurs inside the switchgear. Insulating materials such as epoxy resin absorb moisture, significantly reducing insulation resistance and increasing surface leakage current, potentially causing corona discharge or arcing. Current dehumidification methods mostly rely on heaters or desiccants, which are energy-intensive and have unstable dehumidification effects, failing to achieve active circulation control of the humidity inside the cabinet.

[0008] In summary, existing drawer-type switchgear has significant shortcomings in terms of safety protection and coordination of dust removal and dehumidification systems. There is a need for a safety protection device and switchgear with forced power-off interlocking, efficient dust removal, and active dehumidification to improve power supply reliability and operation and maintenance safety. Summary of the Invention

[0009] One objective of this invention is to provide a safety protection device and switch cabinet for switch cabinets. This invention can solve the technical problems of lack of forced power-off interlock protection, which makes it easy to cause live operation errors, and poor dust removal and dehumidification functions.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a switch cabinet safety protection device and a switch cabinet include a switch cabinet body. A ventilation hole is provided on the top of the switch cabinet body. A drawer unit is provided inside the switch cabinet body. Multiple drawer units are distributed at equal intervals from top to bottom. Each drawer unit is used for power supply control and rapid isolation maintenance of circuits. A circuit breaker is installed inside each drawer unit. One end of the circuit breaker is electrically connected to an incoming terminal, and the other end is electrically connected to an outgoing terminal. Both the incoming and outgoing terminals are installed at the rear end of the drawer unit. A linkage mechanism is provided inside the drawer unit, and the linkage mechanism is connected to the circuit breaker inside the drawer unit. The incoming terminal at the rear of the drawer unit is connected to the busbar copper... The phase-locking mechanism and the busbar copper busbar are installed inside the switch cabinet body. A dust removal mechanism is installed at the bottom of the switch cabinet body to filter the air entering the switch cabinet body. A dehumidification mechanism is installed behind the dust removal mechanism to dehumidify the air inside the cabinet. Both the dehumidification mechanism and the dust removal mechanism are installed on the base surface. The base is connected to the bottom of the switch cabinet body. A top plate is installed above the dehumidification mechanism. A guide plate is fixed on the top plate. The guide plate is vertically arranged. An air outlet slot is provided between the dust removal mechanism and the dehumidification mechanism. The air outlet slot is connected to the interior of the dehumidification mechanism and the dust removal mechanism. The top of the air outlet slot is open and connected to the interior of the switch cabinet body.

[0011] Preferably, the linkage mechanism includes a knob mounted on the front of the drawer unit. The knob is fitted onto one end of an actuator rod, the other end of which is inserted into the circuit breaker for controlling the circuit breaker switch. A connector is fixed to the outside of the actuator rod. One end of the connector slides in contact with a slot at the top of a pin. The pin is inserted into a limiting slot, and its bottom end penetrates the bottom of the drawer unit and is inserted into a slot inside the switch cabinet body. The limiting slot is mounted on the surface of the drawer unit. Through the linkage design of the knob, actuator rod, connector, and pin, the synchronous linkage of the circuit breaker opening and closing control and the drawer unit locking and unlocking is achieved. When the knob drives the actuator rod to rotate and control the circuit breaker to open, the connector synchronously drives the pin to move upward along the limiting slot and disengage from the slot in the switch cabinet body, so that the drawer unit can be unlocked and safely pulled out when the power is off. This effectively avoids the safety hazards of cumbersome operation and easy misoperation leading to live pulling in the traditional structure. At the same time, the linkage mechanism is compact and reliable in transmission, significantly improving the convenience and safety of the drawer unit operation.

[0012] Preferably, the dust removal mechanism includes a dust removal component and a collection component. The collection component is installed inside the base and is used to collect and process dust inside the dust removal component. The dust removal component is installed above the base and is used to adsorb dust in the air. The dust removal component is connected to the internal circuit of the switch cabinet body. By arranging the dust removal component and the collection component in layers on the base, the spatial separation and structural integration of dust removal and dust collection functions are achieved. The dust removal component uses the internal circuit of the switch cabinet to generate a high-voltage electrostatic field to efficiently adsorb dust in the air. The collection component collects and processes the dust captured by the dust removal component. This layered design ensures the electrical safety and maintenance convenience of the dust removal component, and also ensures that the pull-out cleaning operation of the collection component will not interfere with the dust removal component.

[0013] Preferably, the dust removal component includes a fan mounted on the surface of the air inlet slot, the air inlet slot having a hollow structure, and one end of the air inlet slot communicating with one end of the electrode tube. Three electrode tubes are provided, arranged in a straight line with equal spacing. The ends of the three electrode tubes are connected to each other via a connecting groove, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the switch cabinet body. The electrode tube has a hollow structure and contains an electrode rod. One end of the electrode rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting groove. There is a gap between the electrode rod and the inner wall of the electrode tube for air circulation. An aluminum foil conductive layer is adhered to the outer wall of the electrode rod and the inner wall of the electrode tube. The aluminum foil conductive layers on the outer wall of the electrode rod and the inner wall of the electrode tube are respectively connected to the positive and negative circuits inside the switch cabinet body. The inner wall of the electrode tube has an annular protruding structure, arranged in a straight line with equal spacing. The end of the electrode tube closest to the air outlet slot is connected to the air outlet slot via an exhaust groove.

[0014] An active airflow is created by the combination of a fan and an air inlet slot, allowing external air to sequentially enter the interior of three electrode tubes that are evenly spaced in a straight line and connected in series via connecting slots. A uniform airflow channel is formed by the gap between the electrode rods and the inner walls of the electrode tubes, ensuring full contact between the air and the high-voltage electrostatic field. Simultaneously, the conductive aluminum foil layers on the inner walls of the electrode rods and electrode tubes are connected to the positive and negative circuits inside the switch cabinet, forming a stable high-voltage electrostatic field between them. All contact points with the aluminum foil are insulated, allowing dust particles flowing through the air to be efficiently charged and adsorbed onto the inner walls of the electrode tubes. The evenly spaced annular protrusions on the inner walls of the electrode tubes effectively increase... The increased adsorption surface area and the formation of a dust retention space significantly improve dust collection efficiency and prevent the adsorbed dust from being blown up again by the airflow, causing secondary pollution. The clean air, purified by the multi-stage electrode tubes in series, finally enters the cabinet through the exhaust duct and the air outlet duct, forming a complete dust removal closed loop of active air intake, multi-stage electrostatic adsorption, and clean air supply. The connecting duct is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the switch cabinet body to ensure the stability of the overall structure. This dust removal component has a compact structure, low wind resistance, and high dust removal efficiency, and can achieve continuous and efficient purification of the air entering the switch cabinet, effectively avoiding the degradation of insulation performance and short circuit faults caused by dust accumulation.

[0015] Preferably, a cleaning frame is provided inside the electrode tube. The surface of the cleaning frame is decorated with equally spaced cleaning scrapers in a ring. The cleaning scrapers are in contact with the inner wall of the electrode tube, and the cleaning frame slides against the outer wall of the electrode rod. One end of the cleaning frame is connected to a worm gear via a shaft, and the worm gear meshes with a worm. Multiple sets of worm gears and worm rods are provided, each corresponding to one of the three cleaning frames. One end of the worm is connected to the output end of a first motor via a transmission belt. The first motor is mounted on the base surface. The first motor synchronously drives multiple sets of worm gear pairs via the transmission belt, causing the three cleaning frames to rotate synchronously inside their respective electrode tubes. This causes the equally spaced cleaning scrapers on the surface of the cleaning frame to scrape the inner wall of the electrode tube circumferentially. Simultaneously, the cleaning frame and… The sliding contact of the outer wall of the electrode rod forms a radial limit, ensuring that the scraper maintains a constant contact pressure with the inner wall of the electrode tube, thereby thoroughly scraping away the dust adsorbed on the inner wall of the electrode tube and between the annular protrusions. This transmission structure adopts a linkage design of a single motor driving multiple sets of worm gears, realizing the synchronous automatic cleaning of the three electrode tubes. The transmission is smooth, the structure is compact, and there is no need to configure a separate drive source for each electrode tube, which significantly reduces equipment costs and energy consumption. At the same time, the self-locking characteristic of the worm gear pair effectively prevents the cleaning frame from rotating in the opposite direction under the action of airflow, ensuring the reliability and accuracy of the dust removal action. This allows the dust removal components to operate continuously for a long time without frequent shutdowns for maintenance, greatly improving the automation level and operational stability of the switchgear dust removal system.

[0016] Preferably, the collection component includes a collection groove that is slidably connected to a groove on the base surface. A handle is provided at one end of the collection groove, and three collection chambers are provided inside the collection groove, each corresponding to a different electrode tube. Each electrode tube has a strip-shaped opening at its bottom, aligned with a lifting block. The top of the lifting block is embedded within the strip-shaped opening at the bottom of the electrode tube. The top of the lifting block has sloping sides, and its bottom is connected to the collection groove via a telescopic rod. A first spring is fitted onto the telescopic rod. A cover plate is provided above the collection groove, with one end connected to the collection groove via a hinge, and both ends of the cover plate overlapping the top sides of the collection groove. A slot is provided on one side of the collection groove. The sliding connection between the collection groove and the base groove, combined with the handle design, enables convenient pull-out maintenance of the collection component. The cleaning component is initially sealed within the strip-shaped opening at the bottom of the electrode tube. When the cleaning frame rotates and scrapes dust, the scraper slides down along the top slope of the lifting block, forcing the lifting block to move downwards against the spring force of the first spring, opening the strip-shaped opening to form a dust collection channel. The scraped dust falls into the corresponding collection bin. After the cleaning frame rotates, the lifting block automatically rises and re-closes the opening under the action of the telescopic rod and the first spring, realizing the automatic opening during dust cleaning and automatic sealing during non-dust cleaning. This effectively prevents backflow of external airflow and dust backflow. The cover plate is hinged to the top of the collection tank to form a flip-open closed structure, which is convenient for opening during cleaning and prevents dust from overflowing after the collection tank is pulled out. This collection component is mechanically linked to the cleaning frame, achieving automatic switching between dust collection and sealing without an additional drive source. The structure is simple and the operation is reliable, significantly improving the automation level and maintenance convenience of the dust removal system.

[0017] The collection groove is provided with a locking block at one end, and one end of the locking block is inclined. The locking block has a slot inside, and the slot inside the locking block slides in contact with the first limiting rod. The bottom of the first limiting rod is fixedly connected to the base. The other end of the locking block is provided with a second spring, and a paddle is provided on one side of the locking block. The paddle slides in contact with the slot on the surface of the base.

[0018] By using the guide engagement between the beveled structure at one end of the locking block and the groove in the base, the locking block automatically compresses the second spring and slides along the first limiting rod when the collection tank is pushed in. Once the designated position is reached, the second spring resets, pushing the locking block into place, thus achieving quick and easy locking and fixing of the collection tank. The sliding contact between the first limiting rod and the internal slot of the locking block ensures the smooth movement of the locking block and prevents the collection tank from shifting or shaking during the pulling process. The sliding engagement between the lever and the slot on the base surface allows the operator to easily move the locking block from the outside to compress the second spring and release the limiting position, allowing the collection tank to be easily pulled out for cleaning and maintenance via the handle. This locking structure enables tool-free quick assembly and disassembly of the collection tank, providing reliable fixation and easy operation. It effectively avoids the problems of cumbersome assembly and disassembly and easy loosening associated with traditional bolt fixing methods. Furthermore, the sliding engagement design of the locking block, the first limiting rod, and the second spring ensures the smoothness and durability of the locking action, significantly improving the maintenance efficiency and ease of use of the collection assembly.

[0019] Preferably, the dehumidification mechanism includes a second motor, which is mounted on the base surface. The output end of the second motor is connected to a gear shaft via gears and a transmission belt. The gear shaft has meshing teeth distributed on its surface, and the gear shaft meshes with a gear ring. The gear shaft is fixed to the base surface and rotatably connected to the base. The gear ring is mounted on the surface of the condensation assembly. There are three sets of condensation assemblies, and the three sets of condensation assemblies are connected to the drainage assembly. The second motor drives the gear shaft to rotate via gears and a transmission belt. The meshing teeth on the gear shaft surface and the gear ring drive the gear ring mounted on the surface of the condensation assembly to rotate, thereby achieving synchronous and stable operation of the three sets of condensation assemblies. The gear shaft being fixed to the base surface and rotatably connected to the base ensures the stability of the transmission structure. This linkage design of a single motor driving multiple sets of condensation assemblies significantly simplifies the drive system structure, reduces equipment cost and energy consumption. At the same time, all three sets of condensation assemblies are connected to the drainage assembly, forming an integrated closed-loop system of dehumidification, condensation, and drainage collection, allowing condensate to be discharged smoothly and timely, preventing water accumulation inside the cabinet.

[0020] Preferably, the condensation assembly includes a duct, the outer wall of which is connected to a toothed ring, the top of which is rotatably connected to the top end of a guide groove, an impeller fixed inside the duct, and a water outlet at the bottom of the duct, which communicates with the interior of the duct and is distributed in a ring-shaped, equidistant pattern. The bottom of the duct is rotatably connected to a liquid storage chamber via a sealed bearing. A cavity exists between the bottom of the duct and the liquid storage chamber, and the cavity is filled with antifreeze. The liquid storage chamber is installed on the cooling end surface of the top of the semiconductor refrigeration block and is in close contact with the cooling end surface of the top of the semiconductor refrigeration block. Fins are installed on the heating end surface of the bottom of the semiconductor refrigeration block in a straight, equidistant pattern, and the fins are inserted into a section at the bottom of the guide groove. One end of the bottom of the guide groove communicates with the interior of the air outlet groove. The three ducts are interconnected by a transmission belt. The toothed ring drives the duct to rotate, causing the impeller fixed inside the duct to rotate synchronously, creating a negative pressure suction at the top of the duct, drawing humid air from the cabinet through the air outlet. Air is drawn in from the bottom of the guide channel connected to the air duct. As the air rises along the guide channel, it fully contacts the fins of the heating end of the semiconductor cooling block to absorb waste heat and complete preheating. The preheated air enters the air duct from the top of the guide channel and flows downward. The cooling end of the semiconductor cooling block continuously cools the antifreeze in the liquid storage chamber. The low-temperature antifreeze exchanges heat tightly with the bottom cavity of the air duct through the sealed bearing, keeping the bottom of the air duct at a constant low temperature. When the humid airflow comes into contact with the bottom of the low-temperature air duct, it quickly condenses and liquefies. The condensate is thrown out from the annularly spaced outlets under the action of centrifugal force and gravity. At the same time, dry air is discharged back into the cabinet through the outlets. The three air ducts are connected to each other by a drive belt to achieve synchronous rotation. This design utilizes the double-sided characteristics of the semiconductor cooling block to achieve the coupling of waste heat recovery and condensation dehumidification, which not only improves dehumidification efficiency but also prevents low-temperature freezing. The rotating air duct and impeller form an active airflow circulation. Centrifugal drainage avoids water accumulation and residue. The sealed bearing ensures rotational sealing. The antifreeze filling achieves stable heat exchange and temperature buffering.

[0021] Preferably, the drainage assembly includes a drainage channel installed on the outer side of one end of the bottom of the duct. The drainage channel has a ring-shaped structure, and its inner wall has a ring-shaped protrusion. The bottom of the drainage channel is connected to a groove on the surface of a limiting frame near the top via a connecting pipe. The limiting frame is fixedly installed on the base surface, and a sliding frame is provided on the inner side of the limiting frame. The outer wall of the sliding frame slides and fits tightly against the inner wall of the limiting frame. Second limiting rods are fixed on both sides of the sliding frame, and the second limiting rods slide in contact with the grooves on the surface of the limiting frame. A third spring is provided between one end of the sliding frame and the limiting frame. A connecting hole is provided on one side of the sliding frame, and the connecting hole on the surface of the sliding frame is aligned with the groove on the surface of the limiting frame through the sliding fit of the sliding frame. The ring-shaped drainage channel, installed on the outer side of the bottom of the duct, effectively collects and gathers the condensate water thrown out by the rotating duct, preventing the condensate water from splashing or flowing out. The collected condensate water flows to the limiting frame through the connecting pipe, and the tight sliding contact between the outer wall of the sliding frame and the inner wall of the limiting frame forms a base. The system features a sealed design. When the collection tank is pushed into the base, it pushes the sliding frame to compress the third spring and slide smoothly along the second limiting rod. This ensures that the connecting hole on the surface of the sliding frame aligns precisely with the slot on the surface of the limiting frame, forming a smooth drainage channel. Condensate can then flow steadily into the collection chamber. When the collection tank is removed for maintenance, the third spring automatically resets, pushing the sliding frame forward. This causes the connecting hole and the slot on the limiting frame to misalign, achieving a mechanical automatic seal of the flow channel and effectively preventing leakage of residual condensate. This drainage component achieves automatic opening and closing control of the drainage channel through the sliding cooperation between the sliding frame and the limiting frame, as well as the elastic reset of the third spring. It can be synchronized with the loading and unloading of the collection tank without the need for manual valve operation. The second limiting rod ensures the smoothness and precise alignment of the sliding frame during its sliding process. The overall structure is reliably sealed and sensitive in its operation. It ensures smooth collection and directional discharge of condensate while avoiding the risk of water leakage during maintenance. At the same time, it allows condensate to flow into the collection chamber to wet dust, effectively suppressing secondary dust generation during cleaning. This significantly improves the automation level and maintenance safety of the dehumidification drainage system.

[0022] A safety protection device for a switch cabinet includes a protective mechanism. The protective mechanism includes a sleeve fitted onto the outer wall of an actuator rod. The sleeve has an internal groove, the cross-sectional shape of which matches the cross-sectional shape of the actuator rod. A lever is fixed to the surface of the sleeve, one end of which is connected to a steel wire. The surface of the steel wire slides in contact with a pulley system, which is fixedly installed inside a drawer unit. One bottom end of the steel wire is connected to the end of a first connecting block. One end of the first connecting block has a trapezoidal limiting structure and slides in contact with the interior of the drawer unit. A handle is connected to one end of the first connecting block, located on the outside of the drawer unit. By fitting the sleeve, whose internal groove cross-section matches the cross-sectional shape of the actuator rod, onto the outer wall of the actuator rod, the lever, steel wire, pulley system, and first connecting block form a pure... The mechanical transmission chain allows the operator to pull the handle directly without turning the knob. The handle first drives the first connecting block to slide relative to the drawer unit. Guided by the steel wire and pulley system, the lever drives the sleeve and actuator to rotate synchronously, thereby forcibly driving the circuit breaker to complete the tripping action. This achieves the inherently safe interlocking protection of "power off first, then pull out". After the first connecting block slides into place, its trapezoidal limiting structure engages with the drawer unit, allowing the entire drawer unit to be unlocked and safely pulled out. This protective mechanism relies entirely on the mechanical structure to achieve dual protection of forced power off and pull-out limiting, without relying on any electrical control. The transmission is precise and reliable, effectively eliminating the major safety hazard of the circuit breaker not tripping and the drawer unit being pulled out while energized due to misoperation or violent pulling. This significantly improves the operational safety and protective reliability of the drawer-type switchgear.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0024] This invention achieves a mechanically forced interlock between the drawer's pulling action and the circuit breaker's tripping action through the linkage design of the protective mechanism's sleeve, lever, steel wire, pulley block, and first connecting block. When an operator mistakenly pulls the handle without turning the knob, the sliding of the first connecting block forces the actuator rod to rotate via the steel wire transmission, driving the circuit breaker to complete the tripping action, forming an inherently safe protection mechanism of "power off first, then pull out." This interlocking structure relies entirely on mechanical transmission, without depending on electrical control, ensuring high reliability and effectively solving the significant safety hazards in existing technologies where misoperation or forceful pulling can cause the latch to deform, resulting in the drawer being pulled out while energized without tripping the circuit breaker.

[0025] This invention utilizes an electrostatic field formed by electrode tubes and electrode rods to adsorb dust, combined with a rotating scraper on the cleaning frame to achieve automatic dust removal. This solves the problems of low dust removal efficiency, easy clogging, and frequent replacement required by traditional filters. The annular protruding structure on the inner wall of the electrode tube effectively fixes the dust and prevents secondary re-entrainment. When the cleaning frame rotates, it is linked with the slope of the lifting block, causing the lifting block to automatically rise and fall to form a dust collection channel. This allows for automatic switching between open during dust removal and sealed during non-dust removal, preventing dust backflow and external moisture backflow during the cleaning process, significantly improving the continuous operation capability and environmental adaptability of the dust removal system.

[0026] This invention utilizes the double-sided characteristics of a semiconductor cooling block, arranging the heating end fins in the air inlet path. This allows humid air to first absorb waste heat for preheating before condensing upon contact with the low-temperature air duct that exchanges heat with the cooling end. This design not only recovers waste heat generated by refrigeration but also increases the temperature difference between the air and the condenser, significantly improving dehumidification efficiency. Simultaneously, the preheating design avoids icing problems caused by direct condensation in low-temperature environments, ensuring a continuous and stable dehumidification process. The rotating air duct, in conjunction with the impeller, forms an active airflow circulation and utilizes centrifugal force to quickly discharge condensate, solving the technical defects of traditional dehumidification methods such as poor drainage and water accumulation.

[0027] This invention achieves structural linkage between dust collection and dehumidification drainage through a sliding fit design between the collection tank and the sliding frame. When the collection tank is pushed in, it compresses the spring of the sliding frame, aligning the connecting hole with the groove of the limiting frame to form a drainage channel. Condensate automatically flows into the collection chamber to wet the dust, effectively preventing dust spread during cleaning. When the collection tank is pulled out, the spring resets, pushing the sliding frame to misalign, automatically sealing the drainage channel and preventing leakage of residual condensate. This linkage design enables dust collection and dehumidification functions to work together, solving the problem of secondary pollution during dust cleaning and achieving automatic sealing of the drainage system, significantly improving the convenience and safety of maintenance operations. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a switchgear safety protection device and a switchgear proposed in this invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a switchgear safety protection device and a switchgear according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a switch cabinet safety protection device and a switch cabinet drawer unit structure proposed in this invention.

[0032] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of a switch cabinet safety protection device and the internal structure of the switch cabinet drawer cabinet proposed in this invention.

[0033] Figure 5 This invention provides a safety protection device for switchgear and a switchgear. Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a switch cabinet safety protection device and a switch cabinet base structure proposed in this invention.

[0035] Figure 7 This invention provides a safety protection device for switchgear and a switchgear. Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a switchgear safety protection device and a switchgear dust removal mechanism proposed in this invention.

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a switchgear safety protection device and a switchgear cleaning rack structure proposed in this invention.

[0038] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a switchgear safety protection device and a switchgear collection compartment proposed in this invention.

[0039] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a switch cabinet safety protection device and a switch cabinet dehumidification mechanism proposed in this invention.

[0040] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a switchgear safety protection device and a semiconductor cooling block structure of the switchgear proposed in this invention.

[0041] In the diagram: 1. Switch cabinet body; 2. Drawer unit; 3. Circuit breaker; 4. Incoming terminal; 5. Linkage mechanism; 51. Knob; 52. Actuating rod; 53. Connector; 54. Pin; 55. Limiting groove; 6. Outgoing terminal; 7. Protective mechanism; 71. Sleeve; 72. Lever; 73. Steel wire; 74. Pulley block; 75. First connecting block; 76. Handle; 8. Busbar copper busbar; 9. Dust removal mechanism; 91. Fan; 92. Air inlet slot; 93. Electrode tube; 94. Electrode rod; 95. Connecting slot; 96. Exhaust slot; 97. Cleaning rack; 98. Worm gear; 99. Worm; 910. First motor; 911. Collection trough; 912. Handle; 913. Collection bin; 914. Cover plate; 915. Lifting mechanism. 916. Lowering block; 917. Telescopic rod; 918. First spring; 919. Locking block; 910. First limiting rod; 921. Second spring; 922. Paddle; 10. Dehumidification mechanism; 101. Second motor; 102. Gear shaft; 103. Gear ring; 104. Air duct; 105. Guide groove; 106. Transmission belt; 107. Impeller; 108. Water outlet; 109. Sealed bearing; 110. Liquid storage chamber; 111. Semiconductor cooling block; 112. Fin; 113. Drainage groove; 114. Connecting pipe; 115. Limiting frame; 116. Sliding frame; 117. Connecting hole; 118. Third spring; 119. Second limiting rod; 11. Base; 12. Guide plate; 13. Top plate; 14. Air outlet slot. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the invention, and therefore only show the components relevant to the invention.

[0043] refer to Figure 1-4The system includes a switch cabinet body 1, with ventilation holes on the top. Inside the switch cabinet body 1 are drawer units 2, multiple of which are evenly spaced from top to bottom. Drawer units 2 are used for circuit power supply control and rapid isolation maintenance. A circuit breaker 3 is installed inside each drawer unit 2. One end of the circuit breaker 3 is electrically connected to an incoming terminal 4, and the other end is electrically connected to an outgoing terminal 6. Both the incoming and outgoing terminals 4 are installed at the rear of the drawer unit 2. A linkage mechanism 5 is installed inside the drawer unit 2, connecting to the circuit breaker 3. The incoming terminal 4 at the rear of the drawer unit 2 engages with a busbar copper busbar 8, which is installed inside the switch cabinet body 1. A dust removal mechanism 9 is installed at the bottom of the switch cabinet body 1 to filter the air entering the switch cabinet body 1. Behind the dust removal mechanism 9 is a dehumidification mechanism 10 to dehumidify the air inside the cabinet. The dehumidification mechanism 10 is connected to the dust removal mechanism. All mechanisms 9 are mounted on the surface of the base 11, which is connected to the bottom of the switch cabinet body 1. A top plate 13 is provided above the dehumidification mechanism 10, and a guide plate 12 is fixed above the top plate 13. The guide plate 12 is vertically arranged, and an air outlet duct 14 is provided between the dust removal mechanism 9 and the dehumidification mechanism 10. The air outlet duct 14 is connected to the interior of the dehumidification mechanism 10 and the dust removal mechanism 9, and the top of the air outlet duct 14 is open and connected to the interior of the switch cabinet body 1. The linkage mechanism 5 includes a knob 51, which is mounted on... The knob 51 is mounted on the front of the drawer unit 2 and is fitted onto one end of the actuator 52. The other end of the actuator 52 is inserted into the circuit breaker 3 to control the switch of the circuit breaker 3. A connector 53 is fixed to the outside of the actuator 52. One end of the connector 53 slides in contact with the slot at the top end of the pin 54. The pin 54 is inserted into the limit slot 55. The bottom end of the pin 54 passes through the bottom of the drawer unit 2 and is inserted into the slot inside the switch cabinet body 1. The limit slot 55 is installed on the surface of the drawer unit 2.

[0044] This implementation scheme integrates the dust removal mechanism 9 and the dehumidification mechanism 10, mounting them on the surface of the base 11 and connecting them to the bottom of the switchgear body 1. The dust removal mechanism 9 uses electrostatic adsorption filtration to filter the air entering the switchgear body 1, effectively solving the problem in existing technologies where dust easily enters the cabinet through the ventilation structure and accumulates on the surface of insulating components, leading to decreased insulation performance, surface discharge, or even short circuit faults. Simultaneously, the dehumidification mechanism 10 actively circulates and dehumidifies the air inside the cabinet, solving the problems in existing technologies where condensation easily occurs inside the switchgear in high humidity environments, the insulation resistance of epoxy resin and other insulating materials decreases significantly after absorbing moisture, and surface leakage current increases, leading to corona or arc discharge. An air outlet sluice 14 is provided between the dust removal mechanism 9 and the dehumidification mechanism 10, with its top open and connected to the interior of the switchgear body 1. This allows clean, dry air, after dust removal filtration and dehumidification, to smoothly enter the switchgear body 1, forming an active airflow circulation from bottom to top, effectively improving the operation inside the cabinet. The structure of the drawer unit 2's rear inlet terminal 4 engaging with the busbar copper busbar 8, combined with the linkage mechanism 5 connecting the drawer unit 2 to the circuit breaker 3, enables power supply control and rapid isolation maintenance of the circuit. The linkage mechanism 5, through the design of a knob 51 fitted onto one end of an actuator 52, the actuator 52 inserted into the circuit breaker 3, the connector 53 slidingly contacting the top slot of the pin 54, and the pin 54 inserted into the limiting slot 55 and penetrating the bottom of the drawer unit 2 to the slot inside the switch cabinet body 1, allows the knob 51 to rotate synchronously, driving the actuator 52 to control the circuit breaker 3 switch and the pin 54 to move up and down, thus locking and unlocking the drawer unit 2. This effectively avoids the safety hazards of cumbersome operation and accidental operation leading to live pulling. The vertical setting of the guide plate 12 can guide and evenly distribute the rising airflow, ensuring that the treated air is evenly distributed in all areas of the cabinet. The overall structure integrates dust removal, dehumidification, and the switch cabinet body 1 into a single integrated design, significantly improving power supply reliability and maintenance safety.

[0045] refer to Figure 6-10The dust removal mechanism 9 includes a dust removal component and a collection component. The collection component is installed inside the base 11 and is used to collect and process dust inside the dust removal component. The dust removal component is installed above the base 11 and is used to adsorb dust in the air. The dust removal component is connected to the internal circuit of the switch cabinet body 1. The dust removal component includes a fan 91, which is installed on the surface of the air inlet slot 92. The air inlet slot 92 has a hollow structure, and one end of the air inlet slot 92 is connected to one end of the electrode tube 93. Three electrode tubes 93 are provided and are distributed in a straight line at equal intervals. The ends of the three electrode tubes 93 are connected to each other through a connecting groove 95, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the switch cabinet body 1. The electrode tube 93 has a hollow internal structure, and an electrode rod 94 is installed inside the electrode tube 93. One end of the electrode rod 94 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting groove 95. There is a gap between the electrode rod 94 and the inner wall of the electrode tube 93 for air circulation. The outer wall of the electrode rod 94 and the inner wall of the electrode tube 93 are both covered with an aluminum foil conductive layer. The aluminum foil conductive layers on the outer wall of the electrode rod 94 and the inner wall of the electrode tube 93 are respectively connected to the positive and negative circuits inside the switch cabinet body 1. The inner wall of the electrode tube 93 is provided with an annular protrusion structure, which is distributed in a straight line with equal spacing. The end of the electrode tube 93 near the air outlet groove 14 is connected to the air outlet groove 14 through the exhaust groove 96. The electrode tube 93 has a hollow internal structure. A cleaning frame 97 is provided, with cleaning scrapers evenly distributed in a ring on its surface. The cleaning scrapers are in contact with the inner wall of the electrode tube 93, and the cleaning frame 97 slides in contact with the outer wall of the electrode rod 94. One end of the cleaning frame 97 is connected to a worm gear 98 via a shaft, and the worm gear 98 meshes with a worm 99. Multiple sets of worm gears and worm wheels are provided, each corresponding to one of the three cleaning frames 97. One end of the worm 99 is connected to the output end of a first motor 910 via a transmission belt 106. The first motor 910 is mounted on the surface of the base 11. The collection assembly includes a collection trough 911, which is slidably connected to a groove on the surface of the base 11. A handle 912 is provided at one end of the collection trough 911, and a collection chamber 9 is provided inside the collection trough 911. 13. There are three collection chambers 913, which correspond to three electrode tubes 93 respectively. The bottom of the electrode tube 93 is provided with a strip-shaped opening, and the bottom strip-shaped opening of the electrode tube 93 is aligned with the lifting block 915. The top of the lifting block 915 is embedded in the bottom strip-shaped opening of the electrode tube 93. The top two sides of the lifting block 915 have a sloping structure, and the bottom of the lifting block 915 is connected to the collection tank 911 through a telescopic rod 916. A first spring 917 is fitted on the outside of the telescopic rod. A cover plate 914 is provided above the collection tank 911. One end of the cover plate 914 is connected to the collection tank 911 through a hinge, and both ends of the cover plate 914 overlap the top of the two sides of the collection tank 911. A hole is opened on one side of the collection tank 911.The collection groove 911 is provided with a locking block 918 at one end, and one end of the locking block 918 is inclined. The locking block 918 has a hole groove inside, and the hole groove inside the locking block 918 slides in contact with the first limiting rod 919. The bottom of the first limiting rod 919 is fixedly connected to the base 11. The other end of the locking block 918 is provided with a second spring 920, and a paddle 921 is provided on one side of the locking block 918. The paddle 921 slides in contact with the hole groove on the surface of the base 11.

[0046] In this implementation scheme, during dust removal, fan 91 starts to draw outside air into a hollow air inlet slot 92. The air then enters three linearly spaced electrode tubes 93 connected by a connecting slot 95. The electrode tubes 93 are hollow, with electrode rods 94 coaxially arranged inside. A uniform gap is left between the electrode rods 94 and the inner wall of the electrode tubes 93 to allow airflow. Both the outer wall of the electrode rods 94 and the inner wall of the electrode tubes 93 are covered with conductive aluminum foil, which is connected to the positive and negative DC circuits inside the switch cabinet, respectively. A high-voltage electrostatic field is formed between the electrode rods 94 and the electrode tubes 93. When air flows through this electrostatic field, dust particles in the air capture the charge and become charged dust. Dust particles migrate towards and are adsorbed onto the inner wall of the electrode tube 93 under the influence of an electric field. The inner wall of the electrode tube 93 has annular protrusions distributed in a straight line at equal intervals. These structures are used to fix the adsorbed dust particles, preventing them from being blown away again by the airflow. This ensures that the dust particles are stably attached between adjacent annular protrusions, improving dust removal stability. The clean air, after being treated by electrostatic adsorption in the multi-stage electrode tube 93, is introduced into the exhaust duct 14 through the exhaust duct 96 from the last electrode tube 93, and then sent upwards into the switch cabinet body 1 to complete the air supply and dust removal. After dust removal is completed, the first motor 910 starts, driving multiple sets of worm gears 99 to rotate via the transmission belt 106. The worm gears 99 mesh with the worm wheel 98 to drive the cleaning... As the cleaning rack 97 rotates, the equally spaced, annular cleaning scrapers on its surface rotate against the inner wall of the electrode tube 93, scraping off the dust adsorbed between the annular protrusions. When the cleaning rack 97 rotates and scrapes off the dust, it contacts the top of the lifting block 915 protruding from the inner wall of the electrode tube 93. The cleaning rack 97 slides along the slope of one side of the lifting block 915, forcing the lifting block 915 to move downwards against the elastic force of the first spring 917, creating a gap between the lifting block 915 and the strip-shaped opening at the bottom of the electrode tube 93. The scraped dust slides smoothly through this gap into the corresponding collection chamber 913 in the collection trough 911. When the cleaning rack 97 rotates past the lifting block 915 and disengages, the dust... The lowering block 915 moves upward again under the reset push of the telescopic rod 916 and the first spring 917, sealing the strip-shaped opening at the bottom of the electrode tube 93 to prevent external airflow and dust from flowing back in. The collection trough 911 is locked in the groove of the base 11 by the locking block 918, the first limiting rod 919 and the second spring 920. When it is necessary to clean the dust, the lever 921 is moved to make the locking block 918 compress the second spring 920 to disengage from the limit. The collection trough 911 can be pulled out by pulling the handle 912. The dust in the collection chamber 913 can be cleaned by opening the cover plate 914 connected by the hinge. The complete process of automatic dust removal, linkage dust scraping, gap dust falling, automatic reset sealing and convenient dust collection and cleaning is realized.

[0047] This dust removal mechanism 9 employs an electrostatic adsorption combined with a mechanical rotation cleaning structure, enabling continuous and efficient adsorption of airborne dust to ensure the cleanliness of the switchgear interior and prevent dust accumulation that could lead to insulation degradation, short circuits, or other hazards. The lifting block 915 and the cleaning rack 97 are linked for automatic lifting and lowering, opening the channel during dust removal and closing the pipeline during non-cleaning periods. This effectively prevents collected dust from flowing back into the electrostatic tube and causing secondary dust generation, while also preventing backflow of external airflow and moisture, allowing for automatic switching between dust removal and sealing states. The condensate generated by the dehumidification mechanism 10 further wets and adheres to the dust in the collection chamber 913, further preventing dust diffusion during the pull-out cleaning process. The overall structure is tightly linked, requires no additional drive, operates stably and reliably, and can work continuously for extended periods, significantly reducing maintenance frequency and improving the safety and service life of the switchgear interior environment. A liquid level sensor can be installed inside the collection chamber 913 for remote real-time monitoring of the internal capacity.

[0048] refer to Figure 11-12 The dehumidification mechanism 10 includes a second motor 101, which is mounted on the surface of the base 11. The output end of the second motor 101 is connected to the gear shaft 102 via a gear and a transmission belt 106. The surface of the gear shaft 102 has meshing teeth, and the gear shaft 102 meshes with a gear ring 103. The gear shaft 102 is fixed to the surface of the base 11 and rotatably connected to the base 11. The gear ring 103 is mounted on the surface of the condensation assembly. Three sets of condensation assemblies are provided, and the three sets of condensation assemblies are connected to the drainage assembly. The condensation assembly includes a duct 104, the outer wall of which is connected to the gear ring 103. The top of the duct 104 is rotatably connected to one end of the top of the guide groove 105. An impeller 107 is fixed inside the duct 104, and a water outlet 108 is provided at the bottom of the duct 104. The water outlet 108 is connected to the inside of the air duct 104, and the water outlet 108 is distributed in a ring with equal spacing. The bottom of the air duct 104 is rotatably connected to the liquid storage chamber 110 through the sealed bearing 109. There is a cavity between the bottom of the air duct 104 and the liquid storage chamber 110, and the cavity is filled with antifreeze. The liquid storage chamber 110 is installed on the cooling end surface of the top of the semiconductor cooling block 111, and the liquid storage chamber 110 is in close contact with the cooling end surface of the top of the semiconductor cooling block 111. The heating end surface of the bottom of the semiconductor cooling block 111 is equipped with fins 112 in a straight line with equal spacing, and the fins 112 are inserted into a section of the bottom of the guide groove 105. One end of the bottom of the guide groove 105 is connected to the inside of the air outlet groove 14. The three air ducts 104 are connected to each other through the transmission belt 106.

[0049] During dehumidification operation in this implementation scheme, the second motor 101 is energized and operates, driving the gear shaft 102 to rotate via gears and a transmission belt 106. The gear shaft 102 meshes with the gear ring 103, driving the three sets of air ducts 104 to rotate synchronously and stably. The impellers 107 inside the air ducts 104 rotate together, creating a negative pressure suction at the top of the air ducts 104. This suction is transmitted to one end of the bottom of the connected guide groove 105, drawing the humid air in the switch cabinet into the guide groove 105. As the air flows upward within the guide groove 105, it comes into full contact with the fins 112 attached to the heating end of the semiconductor cooling block 111, absorbing the residual heat from the heating end to complete preheating. The preheated air effectively improves the contact between the air and the semiconductor cooling end. The temperature difference prevents direct condensation in the low-temperature environment from causing unstable dehumidification. Then, the preheated humid air enters the air duct 104 from the top of the guide groove 105 and flows downward. The cooling end of the semiconductor cooling block 111 continuously cools the antifreeze in the liquid storage chamber 110. The low-temperature antifreeze exchanges heat tightly with the bottom of the air duct 104, keeping the bottom surface of the air duct 104 at a stable low temperature. When the humid airflow comes into contact with the bottom of the low-temperature air duct 104, the water vapor in the air quickly condenses into condensate. Under the combined action of the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the air duct 104 and its own gravity, the condensate is thrown out from the water outlets 108 arranged in a ring at equal intervals at the bottom of the air duct 104. At the same time, the dried air is discharged through the water outlets 108 and returns to the interior of the switch cabinet body 1.

[0050] The condensation dehumidification system achieves efficient and stable dehumidification through the coordinated operation of its components. Its core principle involves a motor driving the rotation of the duct 104, which, in conjunction with the impeller 107, forms an active airflow circulation, allowing air to fully contact the low-temperature duct wall for condensation. Simultaneously, a preheating design ensures the air first contacts the heating end of the semiconductor cooling block 111 to raise its temperature, preventing abnormal condensation caused by low temperatures. Then, centrifugal force is used to quickly drain the condensate, preventing water accumulation. Based on this principle, the condensation dehumidification system has significant advantages over traditional methods. Through a scientifically designed preheating, cooling, and drainage linkage, it ensures full contact between the air and the low-temperature duct wall, significantly improving dehumidification efficiency and stability, effectively avoiding problems such as localized icing and water accumulation, and ensuring continuous and efficient dehumidification. The combination of active airflow circulation and centrifugal drainage design ensures smooth air circulation and rapid drainage of condensate, reducing the risk of water accumulation and leakage, lowering equipment failure rates, and meeting the long-term stable operation requirements of switchgear.

[0051] refer to Figure 12The drainage assembly includes a drainage channel 113, which is installed on the outer side of one bottom end of the air duct 104. The drainage channel 113 has a ring-shaped structure and an annular protrusion structure on the inner wall. The bottom of the drainage channel 113 is connected to the surface groove of the limiting frame 115 near the top through a connecting pipe 114. The limiting frame 115 is fixedly installed on the surface of the base 11, and a sliding frame 116 is provided on the inner side of the limiting frame 115. The outer wall of the sliding frame 116 slides and fits tightly with the inner wall of the limiting frame 115. Second limiting rods 119 are fixed on both sides of the sliding frame 116. The second limiting rods 119 slide in contact with the surface groove of the limiting frame 115. A third spring 118 is provided between one end of the sliding frame 116 and the limiting frame 115. A connecting hole 117 is provided on one side of the sliding frame 116, and the connecting hole 117 on the surface of the sliding frame 116 is aligned with the surface groove of the limiting frame 115 through the sliding engagement of the sliding frame 116.

[0052] In this embodiment, the condensate, under the combined action of centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the duct 104 and its own gravity, is thrown out from the annularly spaced outlets 108 at the bottom of the duct 104 and collects in the outer annular drainage trough 113. The collected condensate flows along the connecting pipe 114 to the position of the limiting frame 115. During the process of pushing the collection trough 911 into the installation position, the collection trough 911 will push the sliding frame 116 inward to compress the third spring 118 and move smoothly along the second limiting rod 119. When the collection trough 911 reaches the designated position, it is locked in place by the locking block 918. At this time, the slot on one side of the collection trough 911, the connecting hole 117 of the sliding frame 116, and the outer side of the limiting frame 115 are all closed. The holes and grooves in the wall are precisely aligned to form a smooth drainage channel. The condensate in the connecting pipe 114 flows steadily into the collection chamber 913 in the collection tank 911 through the connecting holes 117 of the limiting frame 115 and the sliding frame 116, and is collected uniformly. The condensate can wet and adhere the dust in the collection chamber 913, effectively preventing secondary dust pollution when the collection tank 911 is pulled out for cleaning. When the collection tank 911 needs to be pulled out for maintenance, the third spring 118 will push the sliding frame 116 to automatically return to its original position, so that the connecting hole 117 on the sliding frame 116 is misaligned with the holes and grooves on the surface of the limiting frame 115, and the flow channel is automatically sealed to prevent the leakage of residual condensate in the connecting pipe 114.

[0053] refer to Figure 3-5A safety protection device for a switch cabinet includes a protection mechanism 7. The protection mechanism 7 includes a sleeve 71, which is fitted onto the outer wall of an actuator 52. The sleeve 71 has a slot inside, and the cross-section of the slot inside the sleeve 71 matches the cross-sectional shape of the actuator 52. A lever 72 is fixed to the surface of the sleeve 71. One end of the lever 72 is connected to a steel wire 73. The surface of the steel wire 73 slides in contact with a pulley assembly 74, and the pulley assembly 74 is fixedly installed inside a drawer unit 2. One bottom end of the steel wire 73 is connected to the end of a first connecting block 75. One end of the first connecting block 75 has a trapezoidal limiting structure and slides in contact with the inside of the drawer unit 2. One end of the first connecting block 75 is connected to a handle 76, which is located on the outside of the drawer unit 2.

[0054] In this implementation scheme, under normal operating conditions, by operating the knob 51 of the linkage mechanism 5, the knob 51 drives the actuator 52 to rotate. The actuator 52 then drives the circuit breaker 3 to perform a disconnection action, causing the circuit breaker 3 to close. Simultaneously, the actuator 52 drives the connecting piece 53 to rotate synchronously. The connecting piece 53 pulls the pin 54 upward along the inner wall of the limiting groove 55, causing one end of the pin 54 to move out of the hole groove in the inner wall of the switch cabinet body 1, releasing the limit on the drawer unit 2, and enabling the drawer unit 2 to be pulled out after power failure, avoiding live work. Traditional structures have safety hazards. First, if the operator misoperates and pulls the drawer unit 2 directly without turning the knob 51, the pin 54 is prone to deformation when the drawer unit 2 is pulled by a large external force, and cannot drive the circuit breaker 3 to close. The circuit breaker 3 remains in the open state, which also poses a significant safety hazard for live work. This scheme achieves forced power failure interlock protection by setting up a protective mechanism 7. If the operator misoperates and pulls the drawer directly without turning the knob 51, the pin 54 is easily deformed and cannot drive the circuit breaker 3 to close. The circuit breaker 3 remains in the open state, which also poses a significant safety hazard for live work. When Unit 2 pulls the handle 76 outward to prepare to pull out drawer unit 2, the handle 76 will first drive the first connecting block 75 to slide relative to drawer unit 2. During the sliding process, the first connecting block 75 drives the lever 72 to rotate through the steel wire 73 and the guide transmission of the pulley group 74. When the lever 72 rotates, it drives the actuator 52 to rotate synchronously through the sleeve 71. The actuator 52 forcibly drives the circuit breaker 3 to complete the closing action. Even if the knob 51 is not turned and the drawer is pulled out forcibly, it can be ensured that the circuit breaker 3 has been reliably disconnected when the drawer is pulled out. When the first connecting block 75 slides into place, the protruding structures on both sides of it form a locking limit with the drawer unit 2, so that the first connecting block 75 cannot continue to move outward relative to the drawer. At this time, the operator continues to pull the handle 76, and the drawer unit 2 can be pulled out from the switch cabinet body 1 as a whole. Through the mechanically forced power-off before pulling out interlocking structure, the safety hazards of the circuit breaker 3 not being closed or the drawer unit 2 being pulled out while energized are effectively avoided due to accidental operation without turning the knob 51 or forcibly pulling out the drawer unit 2.

[0055] Working principle: When the switchgear is running, ambient air enters through the air inlet slot 92 under the action of the fan 91 of the dust removal mechanism 9, and flows sequentially through three electrode tubes 93 connected in series and with built-in electrode rods 94. A high-voltage electrostatic field is formed between the electrode rods 94 and the inner wall of the electrode tubes 93. Dust particles in the air are charged and adsorbed onto the annular protruding structure on the inner wall of the electrode tubes 93. After multi-stage purification, the clean air flows through the exhaust slot 96 into the air outlet slot 14, and enters the switchgear body 1 evenly under the guidance of the guide plate 12. At the same time, the second motor 101 of the dehumidification mechanism 10 drives the gear shaft 102 to rotate, and through the gear ring 1 03 drives the three sets of air ducts 104 to rotate synchronously. The impeller 107 inside the air duct 104 rotates to create negative pressure, drawing in humid air from the bottom of the guide groove 105. As the air flows upward, it first comes into contact with the fins 112 of the heating end of the semiconductor cooling block 111 for preheating. Then it enters the air duct 104 and comes into contact with the low-temperature pipe wall of the cooling end for heat exchange. The water vapor in the air condenses upon cooling, forming condensate. Under the action of centrifugal force and gravity, it is thrown out from the water outlet 108 at the bottom of the air duct 104. The dried air returns to the cabinet, while the condensate falls into the drain trough 113 and flows to the limiting frame 115 through the connecting pipe 114. When the collection trough 91 When the base 11 is pushed in, its front end pushes the sliding frame 116 to compress the third spring 118, aligning the connecting hole 117 on the surface of the sliding frame 116 with the slot on the surface of the limiting frame 115, forming a drainage channel. Condensate flows into the collection chamber 913 to moisten the dust, preventing secondary dust generation during cleaning. When the collection chamber 913 needs to be cleaned, the lever 921 is moved to compress the second spring 920 and disengage it from the limit position. The handle 912 is pulled out to remove the collection slot 911, and the cover 914 is opened to clean the dust in the collection chamber 913. After cleaning, the base 11 is pushed in again, and the third spring 118 automatically resets, pushing the sliding frame 116 forward to close the connecting hole. 117; Regarding the operation of drawer unit 2, after normal power-off, the knob 51 drives the actuator 52 to rotate, causing the pin 54 to move upward and disengage from the slot of the switch cabinet body 1 to unlock, and the drawer unit 2 can be safely pulled out; If an accidental operation occurs and the handle 76 is pulled directly without rotating the knob 51, the transmission of the steel wire 73 and the pulley block 74 will drive the lever 72 and the sleeve 71 to rotate, thereby forcibly driving the actuator 52 to rotate and causing the circuit breaker 3 to trip. At the same time, the first connecting block 75 forms a locking limit with the drawer unit 2, ensuring that the drawer unit 2 is locked in the power-off state and cannot be moved outward, thus fundamentally eliminating the safety hazard of pulling out while energized.

[0056] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A switch cabinet, characterized in that, The switch cabinet includes a main body (1), with ventilation holes on the top. A drawer unit (2) is located inside the main body (1), with multiple drawer units (2) evenly spaced from top to bottom. The drawer unit (2) is used for power supply control and rapid isolation maintenance of the circuit. A circuit breaker (3) is installed inside the drawer unit (2). One end of the circuit breaker (3) is electrically connected to an incoming terminal (4), and the other end is electrically connected to an outgoing terminal (6). Both the incoming terminal (4) and the outgoing terminal (6) are installed at the rear end of the drawer unit (2). A linkage mechanism (5) is located inside the drawer unit (2), connecting to the circuit breaker (3) inside the drawer unit (2). The incoming terminal (4) at the rear of the drawer unit (2) engages with a busbar copper busbar (8), which is installed inside the main body (1). The bottom of the switch cabinet body (1) is provided with a dust removal mechanism (9), which is used to filter the air entering the switch cabinet body (1). A dehumidification mechanism (10) is provided behind the dust removal mechanism (9), which is used to dehumidify the air inside the cabinet. Both the dehumidification mechanism (10) and the dust removal mechanism (9) are installed on the surface of the base (11). The base (11) is connected to the bottom of the switch cabinet body (1). A top plate (13) is provided above the dehumidification mechanism (10). A guide plate (12) is fixed above the top plate (13). The guide plate (12) is set vertically. An air outlet slot (14) is provided between the dust removal mechanism (9) and the dehumidification mechanism (10). The air outlet slot (14) is connected to the interior of the dehumidification mechanism (10) and the dust removal mechanism (9). The top of the air outlet slot (14) is open and connected to the interior of the switch cabinet body (1).

2. A switch cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linkage mechanism (5) includes a knob (51), which is installed on the front of the drawer unit (2). The knob (51) is fitted onto one end of the actuator (52), and the other end of the actuator (52) is inserted into the circuit breaker (3) to control the switch of the circuit breaker (3). A connector (53) is fixed to the outside of the actuator (52). One end of the connector (53) slides in contact with the slot at the top end of the pin (54). The pin (54) is inserted into the limiting slot (55), and the bottom end of the pin (54) passes through the bottom of the drawer unit (2) and is inserted into the slot inside the switch cabinet body (1). The limiting slot (55) is installed on the surface of the drawer unit (2).

3. A switch cabinet according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dust removal mechanism (9) includes a dust removal component and a collection component. The collection component is installed inside the base (11) and is used to collect and process dust inside the dust removal component. The dust removal component is installed above the base (11) and is used to adsorb dust in the air. The dust removal component is connected to the internal circuit of the switch cabinet body (1).

4. A switch cabinet according to claim 3, characterized in that, The dust removal assembly includes a fan (91), which is mounted on the surface of an air inlet slot (92). The air inlet slot (92) has a hollow structure inside, and one end of the air inlet slot (92) is connected to one end of an electrode tube (93). There are three electrode tubes (93), which are distributed in a straight line at equal intervals. The ends of the three electrode tubes (93) are connected to each other through a connecting groove (95). The connecting groove (95) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the switch cabinet body (1). The electrode tube (93) has a hollow structure inside, and an electrode rod (94) is provided inside the electrode tube (93). One end of the electrode rod (94) is connected to the connecting groove (95). The inner wall of the through groove (95) is fixedly connected. There is a gap between the inner wall of the electrode rod (94) and the inner wall of the electrode tube (93) for air circulation. The outer wall of the electrode rod (94) and the inner wall of the electrode tube (93) are both covered with an aluminum foil conductive layer. The aluminum foil conductive layer on the outer wall of the electrode rod (94) and the inner wall of the electrode tube (93) are respectively connected to the positive and negative circuits inside the switch cabinet body (1). The inner wall of the electrode tube (93) is provided with an annular protruding structure. The annular protruding structure on the inner wall of the electrode tube (93) is distributed in a straight line with equal spacing. The end of the electrode tube (93) near the air outlet groove (14) is connected to the air outlet groove (14) through the exhaust groove (96).

5. A switch cabinet according to claim 4, characterized in that, The electrode tube (93) is provided with a cleaning frame (97) inside. The surface of the cleaning frame (97) is provided with cleaning scrapers in a ring-shaped and equally spaced manner. The cleaning scrapers are in contact with the inner wall of the electrode tube (93). The cleaning frame (97) is in sliding contact with the outer wall of the electrode rod (94). One end of the cleaning frame (97) is connected to the worm wheel (98) through a shaft. The worm wheel (98) is meshed with the worm (99). There are multiple sets of worm (99) and worm wheel, which correspond to three cleaning frames (97) respectively. One end of the worm (99) is connected to the output end of the first motor (910) through a transmission belt (106). The first motor (910) is mounted on the surface of the base (11).

6. A switch cabinet according to claim 5, characterized in that, The collecting component includes a collecting groove (911), which is slidably connected to a groove on the surface of the base (11). A handle (912) is provided at one end of the collecting groove (911), and a collecting chamber (913) is provided inside the collecting groove (911). There are three collecting chambers (913), which correspond to three electrode tubes (93) respectively. The bottom of the electrode tube (93) is provided with a strip-shaped opening, and the strip-shaped opening at the bottom of the electrode tube (93) is aligned with the lifting block (915). The lifting block (915) The top is embedded inside the strip-shaped opening at the bottom of the electrode tube (93). The top two sides of the lifting block (915) have a sloping structure, and the bottom of the lifting block (915) is connected to the collection tank (911) through a telescopic rod (916). A first spring (917) is fitted on the outside of the telescopic rod. A cover plate (914) is provided above the collection tank (911). One end of the cover plate (914) is connected to the collection tank (911) through a hinge, and both ends of the cover plate (914) overlap the top of both sides of the collection tank (911). A hole is opened on one side of the collection tank (911). The collecting groove (911) is provided with a locking block (918) at one end, and one end of the locking block (918) is inclined. The locking block (918) is provided with a hole groove inside, and the hole groove inside the locking block (918) slides in contact with the first limiting rod (919). The bottom of the first limiting rod (919) is fixedly connected to the base (11). The other end of the locking block (918) is provided with a second spring (920), and a paddle (921) is provided on one side of the locking block (918). The paddle (921) slides in contact with the hole groove on the surface of the base (11).

7. A switch cabinet according to claim 6, characterized in that, The dehumidification mechanism (10) includes a second motor (101), which is mounted on the surface of the base (11). The output end of the second motor (101) is connected to the gear shaft (102) via a gear and a transmission belt (106). The surface of the gear shaft (102) is distributed with meshing teeth, and the gear shaft (102) meshes with the gear ring (103). The gear shaft (102) is fixed to the surface of the base (11) and rotatably connected to the base (11). The gear ring (103) is mounted on the surface of the condensation assembly. The condensation assembly is provided in three sets, and the three sets of condensation assemblies are connected to the drainage assembly.

8. A switch cabinet according to claim 7, characterized in that, The condensation assembly includes a duct (104), the outer wall of which is connected to a toothed ring (103). The top of the duct (104) is rotatably connected to one end of the top of a guide groove (105). An impeller (107) is fixed inside the duct (104), and a water outlet (108) is provided at the bottom of the duct (104). The water outlet (108) communicates with the inside of the duct (104), and the water outlets (108) are distributed in a ring with equal spacing. The bottom of the duct (104) is rotatably connected to a liquid storage chamber (110) through a sealed bearing (109). The bottom of the duct (104) is connected to the liquid storage chamber (110). There is a cavity between 0), and the cavity is filled with antifreeze. The liquid storage cavity (110) is installed on the cooling end surface of the top of the semiconductor cooling block (111), and the liquid storage cavity (110) is in close contact with the cooling end surface of the top of the semiconductor cooling block (111). The heating end surface of the bottom of the semiconductor cooling block (111) is equipped with fins (112) in a straight line with equal spacing. The fins (112) are inserted into a section of the bottom of the guide groove (105). One end of the bottom of the guide groove (105) is connected to the inside of the air outlet groove (14). The three air ducts (104) are connected to each other by a transmission belt (106).

9. A switch cabinet according to claim 8, characterized in that, The drainage assembly includes a drainage channel (113), which is installed on the outer side of one bottom end of the air duct (104). The drainage channel (113) has a ring-shaped structure, and the inner wall of the drainage channel (113) is provided with a ring-shaped protrusion. The bottom of the drainage channel (113) is connected to a surface hole groove near the top end of one side of the limiting frame (115) through a connecting pipe (114). The limiting frame (115) is fixedly installed on the surface of the base (11), and a sliding frame (116) is provided inside the limiting frame (115). The outer wall of the sliding frame (116) is connected to the surface of the limiting frame (115). The inner wall of the limiting frame (115) slides in contact with and fits tightly. The two sides of the sliding frame (116) are fixed with second limiting rods (119). The second limiting rods (119) slide in contact with the groove on the surface of the limiting frame (115). A third spring (118) is provided between one end of the sliding frame (116) and the limiting frame (115). A connecting hole (117) is provided on one side of the sliding frame (116), and the connecting hole (117) on the surface of the sliding frame (116) is aligned with the groove on the surface of the limiting frame (115) through the sliding fit of the sliding frame (116).

10. A safety protection device for a switchgear according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The device includes a protective mechanism (7), which includes a sleeve (71) fitted onto the outer wall of the actuator (52). The sleeve (71) has a slot inside, and the cross-section of the slot inside the sleeve (71) matches the cross-sectional shape of the actuator (52). A lever (72) is fixed on the surface of the sleeve (71). One end of the lever (72) is connected to a steel wire (73). The surface of the steel wire (73) slides in contact with a pulley assembly (74), and the pulley assembly (74) is fixedly installed inside the drawer unit (2). One end of the bottom of the steel wire (73) is connected to the end of the first connecting block (75). One end of the first connecting block (75) has a trapezoidal limiting structure, and the first connecting block (75) slides in contact with the inside of the drawer unit (2). One end of the first connecting block (75) is connected to a handle (76), which is located outside the drawer unit (2).

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