Boiler exhaust device and boiler

Abstract

The application discloses a boiler flue gas discharging device and a boiler, which comprises a horizontal flue, one end of the horizontal flue being used for connecting a flue gas discharging port of the boiler, the other end of the horizontal flue being used for connecting a vertical flue, a lateral through groove being arranged on the side of the horizontal flue, an assembly groove being arranged on the top of the horizontal flue, two lane-changing heat exchange devices being arranged and being inserted into the horizontal flue from the two ends of the lateral through groove, a flue gas discharging channel being formed between the two lane-changing heat exchange devices, waste smoke during the combustion of the boiler being sent into the vertical flue after heat exchange through the flue gas discharging channel, and a cleaning device being installed on the top of the horizontal flue and being movably inserted into the horizontal flue through the assembly groove and being used for cleaning the heat exchange surface of the lane-changing heat exchange device. The device has the advantages of reasonable structure, safe operation, convenient cleaning, high heat exchange efficiency and adaptability to different flue gas discharging power requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a boiler flue gas device and a boiler. Background Technology

[0002] During the combustion process, boilers produce a large amount of high-temperature waste smoke, which contains a lot of heat. Direct discharge of this waste smoke will result in serious energy waste. At the same time, dust and coking materials carried in the waste smoke will adhere to the surface of the flue and heat exchange components. Long-term accumulation will lead to a decrease in heat exchange efficiency, flue blockage, and even affect the normal operation of the boiler.

[0003] The heat exchange components of existing boiler flue gas systems are mostly fixed installation structures. When the heat exchange surface needs cleaning and maintenance, workers have to climb into the flue to operate. This is not only labor-intensive, but also poses a great safety hazard due to the confined space and harsh environment inside the flue. At the same time, some devices cannot flexibly adjust the width of the flue gas passage according to the flue gas power. When the flue gas power is insufficient, the flue gas efficiency is low, which further affects the stability of boiler operation.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a boiler exhaust device and boiler that is structurally sound, safe to operate, easy to clean and convenient to use, has high heat exchange efficiency, and can be adapted to different exhaust power requirements, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a boiler exhaust device and boiler that is structurally reasonable, safe to operate, easy to clean and convenient, has high heat exchange efficiency, and can be adapted to different exhaust power requirements.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A boiler flue gas exhaust device and a boiler, comprising: A horizontal flue, one end of which is used to connect to the boiler's exhaust port, and the other end of which is used to connect to a vertical flue. A lateral through groove is provided on the side of the horizontal flue; and an assembly groove is provided on the top of the horizontal flue. Two heat exchange devices are provided, which are inserted into the horizontal flue from both ends of the through slot. A flue gas passage is formed between the two heat exchange devices. The waste gas from boiler combustion is sent into the vertical flue after heat exchange through the flue gas passage. A cleaning device is installed at the top of the horizontal flue and is movably inserted into the horizontal flue via an assembly slot for cleaning the heat exchange surface of the variable channel heat exchange device. A dust removal device is provided at the bottom of the horizontal flue. Dust particles cleaned by the cleaning device fall into the dust removal device and are discharged from the outside.

[0007] Preferably, the variable-channel heat exchange device includes a housing, a partition, an outer support, a drive device, and a guide rod. Sealing plates are provided on the upper, lower, front, and rear ends of the housing for sealing. The housing slides into the through-slot, and the sealing plates form a seal with the inner wall of the through-slot to prevent waste smoke from escaping. One end face of the housing has an opening slot, and the other end face of the housing is inserted into the horizontal flue via the through-slot. The end face of the housing inserted into the horizontal flue is designated as the heat exchange surface for heat exchange with the waste smoke discharged from the boiler. The partition is welded to the inside of the housing, and the partition and the housing... A heat exchange cavity is formed between the bodies, and the heat exchanged at the heat exchange surface is transferred to the heat exchange cavity. A first connecting pipe and a second connecting pipe are provided on the outside of the partition. The first connecting pipe is used to connect the water inlet end, and the second connecting pipe is used to connect the water outlet end. The outer bracket is detachably installed on the side of the horizontal flue. The driving device is installed through the outer bracket and is used to drive the horizontal displacement of the box. The guide rod is slidably installed between the box and the outer bracket and plays a guiding role in the horizontal sliding of the box. When the cleaning device moves up and down, it forms a dust removal effect on the heat exchange surface of the box.

[0008] Preferably, an "I"-shaped inner bracket is installed inside the housing, one end of the guide rod is fixedly installed to the inner bracket, the other end of the guide rod passes through the outer bracket, and a linear bearing that slides with the guide rod is installed at the outer bracket.

[0009] Preferably, the driving device includes a geared motor, a drive screw, and a threaded sleeve. One end of the threaded sleeve is fixedly installed with the inner bracket, and the other end of the threaded sleeve has a threaded inner hole for assembling the drive screw. The geared motor is fixedly installed on the outer end face of the outer bracket. The end of the drive screw away from the threaded sleeve is rotatably installed with the outer bracket via a bearing. The geared motor drives the drive screw to rotate.

[0010] Preferably, multiple support rollers are installed at the inner bottom position of the outer bracket. The support rollers roll and support the bottom of the housing to reduce the force on the guide rod and drive screw.

[0011] Preferably, the cleaning device includes an upper support, a hydraulic push rod, and a cleaning part. The upper support is fixed between two outer supports on both sides by bolts. The hydraulic push rod is fixedly installed on the inner side of the upper support with its movable end facing downward. The cleaning part is installed at the movable end of the hydraulic push rod and slides into the assembly groove. An upper limit switch is provided on the inner side of the upper support, and a lower limit switch is installed on the top of the horizontal flue. Both the upper limit switch and the lower limit switch are connected to control the hydraulic push rod. The upper limit switch is triggered when the cleaning part moves upward to its limit position, and the lower limit switch is triggered when the cleaning part moves downward to its limit position.

[0012] Preferably, the cleaning unit includes a cleaning box, a top cover, and a cleaning plate. The lower end of the cleaning box is closed, and the upper end is open. The top cover is detachably installed on the top of the cleaning box. First through slots are provided on both sides of the cleaning box near the bottom. A lower support is installed at the inner bottom of the cleaning box, and guide rods are laterally fixed to the lower support. Multiple guide rods are arranged in parallel. One end of the cleaning plate extends through the first through slot to the outside of the cleaning box, and a limit baffle is provided at the other end of the cleaning plate, limiting the cleaning plate's position. The inner end face of the cleaning box has a guide hole that slides with the guide rod. A spring is sleeved on the guide rod and acts between the cleaning plate and the lower support. Under the action of the spring, the limiting baffle acts on the inner end face of the cleaning box. Multiple first guide rods are provided at the top of the horizontal flue and at the four corners of the assembly groove. The first guide rods pass through the upper cover plate and slide with the upper cover plate. The side of the upper cover plate is provided with a trigger plate for triggering the upper limit switch and the lower limit switch.

[0013] Preferably, the upper and lower openings of the assembly groove are both machined into bevels, and scrapers that fit the bevels are provided on both sides of the bottom of the cleaning box. When the cleaning box moves upward to its limit position, the scrapers fit against the bevels to seal the assembly groove. When the cleaning box moves downward along the assembly groove, the scrapers scrape off the coke on the heat exchange surface. The upper and lower end faces of the cleaning plate are set as guide bevels to cooperate with the bevels. A groove is provided on the outer end face of the cleaning plate, the length of which is greater than the length of the box body. A grinding plate is fixed in the groove. When the cleaning box moves up and down along the assembly groove, the cooperation between the guide bevels and the bevels causes the cleaning plate to elastically retract after compressing the spring, thereby preventing the grinding plate from abrading the groove wall when the cleaning plate passes through the assembly groove.

[0014] Preferably, the ash removal device includes an ash collection trough and an ash discharge pipe. The ash collection trough is fixedly installed at the bottom of the horizontal flue and corresponds to the assembly slot. When the cleaning box descends to its limit position, it is inserted into the ash collection trough. The ash discharge pipe is fixed at the rear of the ash collection trough, and a valve is installed at the pipe opening of the ash discharge pipe, which is connected to a negative pressure device.

[0015] A boiler, including the aforementioned boiler exhaust device.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. Safe and convenient operation: The reversible heat exchanger can slide outward and detach from the horizontal flue, allowing staff to manually clean and maintain the heat exchange surface from the outside without having to climb into the flue, greatly reducing labor intensity and safety risks; at the same time, the cleaning device can achieve automatic cleaning through hydraulic push rod drive, and can automatically seal the assembly slot after cleaning to prevent smoke leakage.

[0017] 2. Excellent cleaning effect and protection of heat exchange surface: The cleaning section adopts a structure that combines a scraper and a grinding plate. First, the scraper removes large pieces of coke, and then the grinding plate removes the accumulated dust, resulting in a thorough cleaning. In addition, the cleaning plate can be elastically retracted to avoid wear and tear on the assembly groove and heat exchange surface body, thus extending the service life of the equipment. At the same time, the temperature of the chamber can be quickly reduced by increasing the water flow rate during cleaning, which facilitates the sliding of the chamber and further improves the convenience of cleaning.

[0018] 3. High heat exchange efficiency and stable operation: The heat exchange surface of the reversing heat exchange device is made of high thermal conductivity metal material, combined with a water circulation heat exchange structure, which can efficiently recover heat from waste smoke and control the temperature of the box below 200 degrees Celsius to avoid thermal expansion and jamming; the sealing plate is made of graphite metal composite plate, which has the effects of sealing, self-lubrication and wear resistance, preventing waste smoke leakage and ensuring the stability of heat exchange and smoke exhaust.

[0019] 4. High adaptability: The two variable-channel heat exchange devices can be moved closer or further apart to flexibly adjust the width of the flue gas passage. When the flue gas power is insufficient, the cross-section of the passage can be reduced to increase the flue gas flow rate and ensure smooth flue gas discharge. A single boiler can be equipped with two sets of devices to achieve alternating cleaning and ensure continuous boiler operation.

[0020] 5. Reasonable structure and long service life: The support rollers reduce the stress on the guide rod and drive screw, preventing bending deformation of the components; the servo geared motor enables precise displacement of the housing, ensuring the accuracy of cleaning and channel adjustment; the ash removal device, in conjunction with the negative pressure equipment, can quickly remove the accumulated ash after cleaning, avoiding secondary pollution and further ensuring stable operation of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional view of a horizontal flue. Figure 4 This is a partial schematic diagram of the device; Figure 5 A three-dimensional view of the reversing heat exchange device; Figure 6 for Figure 4 Enlarged view at point A; Figure 7 for Figure 1 Enlarged view at point B; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the downward movement of the cleaning device; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the relocation of the heat exchange device on one side.

[0023] In the diagram, the markings are: 1-Horizontal flue, 11-Through groove, 12-Assembly groove, 121-Slanted opening, 122-First guide rod, 2-Channel-changing heat exchange device, 21-Box body, 210-Sealing plate, 211-Opening groove, 212-Heat exchange surface, 22-Baffle plate, 221-Heat exchange chamber, 222-First connecting pipe, 223-Second connecting pipe, 23-Outer support, 231-Support roller, 24-Drive device, 241-Gear motor, 242-Drive screw, 243-Threaded sleeve, 2431-Threaded inner hole, 25-Guide rod, 251-Linear bearing, 2 6-Inner support, 3-Cleaning device, 31-Upper support, 32-Hydraulic push rod, 33-Cleaning section, 331-Cleaning box, 3310-Scraper, 332-Upper cover plate, 3320-Trigger plate, 333-Cleaning plate, 3331-Guide slope, 3332-Groove, 3333-Grinding plate, 334-First through groove, 335-Lower support, 336-Guide rod, 337-Limit baffle, 338-Guide hole, 339-Spring, 34-Upper limit switch, 35-Lower limit switch, 4-Ash discharge device, 41-Ash accumulation trough, 42-Ash discharge pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0024] All features disclosed in this specification, or steps in all methods or processes disclosed herein, may be combined in any way, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps.

[0025] Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any appended claims, abstract, and drawings) may be replaced by other equivalent or similar features for a similar purpose, unless specifically stated otherwise. That is, unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is merely one example of a series of equivalent or similar features.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "one end", "the other end", "outer side", "upper", "inner side", "horizontal", "coaxial", "center", "end", "length", "outer end", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0027] Furthermore, in the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0028] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "socket," "connect," "through," and "plug-in" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 The boiler flue gas device shown includes: A horizontal flue 1 is provided, one end of which is used to connect to the flue gas outlet of the boiler, and the other end of which is used to connect to the vertical flue. A lateral through groove 11 is provided on the side of the horizontal flue 1, and an assembly groove 12 is provided on the top of the horizontal flue 1. Two heat exchange devices 2 are provided, which are inserted into the horizontal flue 1 from both ends of the through groove 11 respectively. The two heat exchange devices 2 form a flue gas passage 3. The waste gas during boiler combustion is sent into the vertical flue gas after heat exchange through the flue gas passage 3. Cleaning device 3 is installed on the top of the horizontal flue 1 and is movably inserted into the horizontal flue 1 via the assembly groove 12 for cleaning the heat exchange surface of the variable channel heat exchange device 2. Ash removal device 4 is located at the bottom of the horizontal flue 1. Dust particles cleaned by the cleaning device 3 fall into the ash removal device 4 and are discharged from the outside by the ash removal device 4.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange device 2 on one side sliding outward and separating from the horizontal flue 1. When the heat exchange device 2 moves outward and separates from the horizontal flue 1, the heat exchange surface of the heat exchange device 2 can be manually cleaned and maintained from the outside. Compared with traditional technology, it saves the need for manual climbing into the flue for cleaning, making the operation safer and more convenient.

[0031] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the two side-by-side heat exchange devices 2 approaching each other. When the two side-by-side heat exchange devices 2 approach each other, the width of the waste smoke passage in the middle is reduced. This is suitable for use when the flue power is insufficient. When the width of the flue is reduced, the passage cross-section is reduced. Under the same exhaust power, the smaller the cross-section, the faster the flow rate.

[0032] exist Figure 8 During the cleaning process, the up-and-down movement of the cleaning device 3 removes coke and particulate matter adhering to the heat exchange surface of the variable-channel heat exchange device 2, restoring its heat exchange capacity. The boiler must be kept shut off during the cleaning process.

[0033] The cleaned-off coke and particulate matter fall into the ash discharge device 4 and are discharged through the ash discharge device 4 to achieve cleaning.

[0034] After cleaning is completed, the cleaning device 3 moves upward and seals the assembly slot 12 to avoid or reduce smoke leakage during normal smoke exhaust.

[0035] See Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the heat exchange device 2 includes a housing 21, a partition 22, an outer support 23, a drive device 24, and a guide rod 25. Sealing plates 210 for sealing are provided on the upper, lower, front, and rear ends of the housing 21. The sealing plates 210 are made of graphite-metal composite plates, which meet the sliding requirements of the housing 21. Simultaneously, the graphite surface contacts the inner wall of the housing 21, providing self-lubrication. A metal backing provides support, wear resistance, and compression resistance. The housing 21 slides into the through groove 11, forming a seal between the sealing plate 210 and the inner wall of the through groove 11 to prevent exhaust smoke from escaping. One end face of the housing 21 has an opening groove 211, and the other end face of the housing 21 is inserted into the horizontal flue 1 via the through groove 11. The end face of the housing 21 inserted into the horizontal flue 1 is designated as the heat exchange surface 212, which is made of a highly thermally conductive metal material, such as aluminum or copper. For heat exchange with waste flue gas discharged from the boiler, the partition 22 is welded to the inside of the box 21, forming a heat exchange cavity 221 between the partition 22 and the box 21. The heat exchanged at the heat exchange surface 212 is transferred to the heat exchange cavity 221. A first connecting pipe 222 and a second connecting pipe 223 are provided on the outside of the partition 22. The first connecting pipe 222 is used to connect the water inlet end, and the second connecting pipe 223 is used to connect the water outlet end. The outer bracket 23 is detachably installed on the side of the horizontal flue 1. The driving device 24 is installed through the outer bracket 23 and is used to drive the horizontal displacement of the box 21. The guide rod 25 is slidably installed between the box 21 and the outer bracket 23 and plays a guiding role in the horizontal sliding of the box 21. When the cleaning device 3 moves up and down, it cleans the heat exchange surface 212 of the box 21.

[0036] In the above technical solution, both the first connecting pipe 222 and the second connecting pipe 223 are connected to the water circulation pipeline through high-temperature resistant hoses to avoid affecting the sliding of the box 21.

[0037] The continuous circulation of circulating water cools and heats the chamber 21, ensuring that the working temperature of the chamber 21 is moderate and below 200 degrees Celsius, thus reducing the risk of jamming caused by thermal expansion of the chamber 21.

[0038] When it is necessary to clean the heat exchange surface 212 of the housing 21, the water flow rate needs to be increased to make the temperature of the housing 21 drop rapidly, making the drive and sliding of the housing 21 more convenient.

[0039] When the housing 21 slides horizontally, it scrapes off the coking material adhering to the upper and lower walls of the horizontal flue 1.

[0040] After the two boxes 21 approach each other (the displacement of the boxes 21 is precisely controlled by the drive device 24), the heat exchange surface 212 of the boxes 21 is cleaned by the downward movement of the cleaning device 3 to restore the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange surface 212.

[0041] A single boiler can be equipped with two sets of boiler exhaust systems. When one set needs cleaning, the valve connected to that set of boiler exhaust systems is closed, and exhaust is restored after cleaning is completed.

[0042] See Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, an "I"-shaped inner bracket 26 is installed inside the housing 21. One end of the guide rod 25 is fixedly installed to the inner bracket 26, and the other end of the guide rod 25 passes through the outer bracket 23. A linear bearing 251 that slides with the guide rod 25 is installed at the outer bracket 23.

[0043] See Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the driving device 24 includes a geared motor 241, a drive screw 242, and a threaded sleeve 243. One end of the threaded sleeve 243 is fixedly installed with the inner bracket 26, and the other end of the threaded sleeve 243 has a threaded inner hole 2431 for assembling the drive screw 242. The geared motor 241 is fixedly installed on the outer end face of the outer bracket 23. The end of the drive screw 242 away from the threaded sleeve 243 is rotatably installed with the outer bracket 23 through a bearing. The geared motor 241 drives the drive screw 242 to rotate.

[0044] The geared motor 241 is a servo geared motor, which achieves precise displacement of the housing 21 by accurately controlling forward and reverse rotation through the servo system.

[0045] See Figure 4As shown, multiple support rollers 231 are installed at the inner bottom position of the outer bracket 23. The support rollers 231 roll and support the bottom of the box 21 to reduce the force on the guide rod 25 and the drive screw 242.

[0046] The function of the support roller 231 is to provide rolling support to the bottom of the housing 21, thereby preventing the guide rod 25 and the drive screw 242 from bending and deforming under stress.

[0047] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the cleaning device 3 includes an upper support 31, a hydraulic push rod 32, and a cleaning part 33. The upper support 31 is fixed between the outer supports 23 on both sides by bolts. The hydraulic push rod 32 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the upper support 31 with its movable end facing downward. The cleaning part 33 is installed at the movable end of the hydraulic push rod 32 and slides into the assembly groove 12. An upper limit switch 34 is provided on the inner side of the upper support 31, and a lower limit switch 35 is installed on the top of the horizontal flue 1. Both the upper limit switch 34 and the lower limit switch 35 are connected to control the hydraulic push rod 32. When the cleaning part 33 moves upward to the limit position, the upper limit switch 34 is triggered; when the cleaning part 33 moves downward to the limit position, the lower limit switch 35 is triggered.

[0048] The hydraulic push rod 32 works in conjunction with the hydraulic system. The hydraulic oil pump pumps hydraulic oil to drive the movable end of the hydraulic push rod 32 to move up and down. The upper limit switch 34 and the lower limit switch 35 are both connected to the hydraulic control system. When triggered, they stop the operation of the hydraulic oil pump, thereby stopping the hydraulic push rod 32.

[0049] The hydraulic push rod 32 provides thrust, which enables the cleaning unit 33 to clean the heat exchange surfaces 212 on one or both sides.

[0050] During the operation of the flue, when cleaning the heat exchange surface 212, one side of the housing 21 can be driven towards the middle of the horizontal flue 1, and then the cleaning unit 33 can clean one side of the housing 21. After cleaning, the housing 21 returns to its original position, and then the other side of the housing 21 is driven towards the middle of the horizontal flue 1, and the cleaning unit 33 can clean the heat exchange surface 212 of that side of the housing 21. This alternating cleaning method is suitable for boilers using a single set of boiler exhaust devices.

[0051] In this device, the two sides of the housing 21 are close together, and the heat exchange surface 212 of the two sides of the housing 21 can be cleaned synchronously by the downward movement of the cleaning part 33.

[0052] See Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, the cleaning unit 33 includes a cleaning box 331, a top cover 332, and a cleaning plate 333. The lower end of the cleaning box 331 is closed, and the upper end is open. The top cover 332 is detachably installed on the top of the cleaning box 331. First through grooves 334 are provided on both sides of the cleaning box 331 near the bottom. A lower support 335 is installed at the inner bottom of the cleaning box 331. Guide rods 336 are laterally fixed through the lower support 335. Multiple guide rods 336 are arranged in parallel. One end of the cleaning plate 333 extends through the first through groove 334 to the outside of the cleaning box 331. A limit baffle 337 is provided at the other end of the cleaning plate 333, limiting the cleaning box 331. The inner end face of the cleaning plate 333 is provided with a guide hole 338 that slides with the guide rod 336. A spring 339 is sleeved on the guide rod 336. The spring 339 acts between the cleaning plate 333 and the lower support 335. Under the action of the spring 339, the limiting baffle 337 acts on the inner end face of the cleaning box 331. Multiple first guide rods 122 are provided at the top of the horizontal flue 1 and at the four corners of the assembly groove 120. The first guide rods 122 pass through the upper cover plate 332 and slide with the upper cover plate 332. The side of the upper cover plate 332 is provided with a trigger plate 3320 for triggering the upper limit switch 34 and the lower limit switch 35.

[0053] The outer wall of the cleaning box 331 is sealed with the wall of the assembly slot 12 to ensure that when the cleaning box 331 moves up and down to clean the accumulated dust, the dust will not escape from the assembly slot 12.

[0054] During the dust removal process, the hydraulic push rod 32 drives the cleaning box 331 to move up and down reciprocally. During the movement, the cleaning plate 333 is ejected by the spring 339 until the limit baffle 337 contacts the inner wall of the cleaning box 331. Under the action of the spring 339, the cleaning plate 333 presses on the heat exchange surface 212. Through the up and down reciprocating movement of the cleaning box 331, the cleaning plate 333 removes the accumulated dust on the heat exchange surface 212.

[0055] See Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the upper and lower openings of the assembly groove 12 are both machined with beveled openings 121. Scrapers 3310, fitting the beveled openings 121, are provided on both sides of the bottom of the cleaning box 331. When the cleaning box 331 moves upward to its limit position, the scrapers 3310 adhere to the beveled openings 121 to seal the assembly groove 120. As the cleaning box 331 moves downward along the assembly groove 120, the scrapers 3310 scrape away the coking on the heat exchange surface 212. The upper and lower end faces of the cleaning plate 333... The guide slope 3331 is configured to cooperate with the bevel 121. A groove 3332 is provided on the outer end face of the cleaning plate 333, and a grinding plate 3333 is fixed in the groove 3332. When the cleaning box 331 slides up and down along the assembly groove 120, the cooperation between the guide slope 331 and the bevel 121 causes the cleaning plate 333 to elastically retract after compressing the spring 339. This prevents the grinding plate 3333 from abrading the groove wall of the assembly groove 120 when the cleaning plate 333 passes through the assembly groove 120.

[0056] In the above technical solution, when the cleaning box 331 moves downward, the scraper 3310 can remove the large pieces of protruding coke, reducing the cleaning pressure of the grinding plate 3333.

[0057] The length of the groove 3332 is greater than the length of the housing 21, so that when the cleaning plate 333 enters the horizontal flue 1, the polishing plate 333 can effectively contact the heat exchange surface 212 of the housing 21. At the same time, when the cleaning plate 333 moves up or down through the assembly groove 12, it contacts the groove wall of the assembly groove 12 through the guide slope 3331, avoiding contact between the polishing plate 3333 and the groove wall of the assembly groove 12, thereby achieving the technical effect of scratch protection for the assembly groove 12.

[0058] like Figure 6 As shown, when the limiting baffle 337 contacts the inner wall of the cleaning box 331, the grinding surface of the grinding plate 3333 extends beyond the scraper 3310.

[0059] In other words, when the cleaning box 331 is moving downwards, the large coke deposits are first scraped off by the scraper 3310, and then the grinding plate 333 is used to grind and remove the accumulated dust.

[0060] During equipment debugging, the number of rotations of the geared motor 241 is adjusted so that when the grinding plate 3333 moves outward to its limit position during dust removal, it will not grind the body material of the heat exchange surface 212, thus avoiding a decrease in the water pressure resistance of the heat exchange surface 212 after grinding.

[0061] See Figure 4 and Figure 8As shown, the ash removal device 4 includes an ash collection trough 41 and an ash discharge pipe 42. The ash collection trough 41 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the horizontal flue 1 and corresponds to the assembly slot 120. When the cleaning box 31 descends to its limit position, it is inserted into the ash collection trough 41. The ash discharge pipe 42 is fixed at the rear of the ash collection trough 41. A valve is installed at the pipe opening of the ash discharge pipe 42, and the valve is connected to the negative pressure equipment.

[0062] When the machine is shut down for cleaning, the negative pressure equipment is started and the valve is opened, which can generate negative pressure at the ash collection tank 41 to absorb the ash collected by the cleaning device 3 from the heat exchange surface 212.

[0063] A boiler, including the aforementioned boiler exhaust device.

[0064] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A boiler flue gas exhaust device, characterized in that, include: A horizontal flue (1) is provided, one end of which is used to connect to the flue outlet of the boiler, and the other end of which is used to connect to the vertical flue. A through groove (11) is provided on the side of the horizontal flue (1); and an assembly groove (12) is provided on the top of the horizontal flue (1). Two heat exchange devices (2) are provided, which are inserted into the horizontal flue (1) from both ends of the through groove (11). A flue gas passage (3) is formed between the two heat exchange devices (2). The waste smoke from the boiler combustion is sent into the vertical flue after heat exchange through the flue gas passage (3). Cleaning device (3), which is installed on the top of the horizontal flue (1) and is movably inserted into the horizontal flue (1) via the assembly groove (12) for cleaning the heat exchange surface of the variable channel heat exchange device (2); Ash removal device (4) is located at the bottom of the horizontal flue (1). Dust particles cleaned by the cleaning device (3) fall into the ash removal device (4) and are discharged from the outside by the ash removal device (4).

2. The boiler flue gas device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange device (2) includes a housing (21), a partition (22), an outer support (23), a drive device (24), and a guide rod (25). The housing (21) is provided with sealing plates (210) for sealing at its upper, lower, front, and rear ends. The housing (21) is slidably inserted into the through groove (11). The sealing plates (210) and the inner wall of the through groove (11) form a seal to prevent the exhaust smoke from escaping. One end face of the housing (21) is provided with an opening groove (211). The other end face of the housing (21) is inserted into the horizontal flue (1) through the through groove (11). The end face of the housing (21) inserted into the horizontal flue (1) is set as a heat exchange surface (212) for heat exchange with the exhaust smoke discharged from the boiler. The partition (22) is welded to the inside of the housing (21). The partition (22) and the housing A heat exchange chamber (221) is formed between (21), and the heat exchanged at the heat exchange surface (212) is transferred to the heat exchange chamber (221). A first connecting pipe (222) and a second connecting pipe (223) are provided on the outside of the partition (22). The first connecting pipe (222) is used to connect the water inlet end, and the second connecting pipe (223) is used to connect the water outlet end. The outer bracket (23) is detachably installed on the side of the horizontal flue (1). The driving device (24) is installed through the outer bracket (23) and is used to drive the horizontal displacement of the box (21). The guide rod (25) is slidably installed between the box (21) and the outer bracket (23) and plays a guiding role in the horizontal sliding of the box (21). When the cleaning device (3) moves up and down, it forms a dust removal effect on the heat exchange surface (212) of the box (21).

3. The boiler flue gas device according to claim 2, characterized in that: An "I"-shaped inner bracket (26) is installed inside the housing (21). One end of the guide rod (25) is fixedly installed with the inner bracket (26), and the other end of the guide rod (25) passes through the outer bracket (23). A linear bearing (251) that slides with the guide rod (25) is installed at the outer bracket (23).

4. The boiler flue gas device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drive device (24) includes a geared motor (241), a drive screw (242), and a threaded sleeve (243). One end of the threaded sleeve (243) is fixedly installed with the inner bracket (26), and the other end of the threaded sleeve (243) has a threaded inner hole (2431) for assembling the drive screw (242). The geared motor (241) is fixedly installed on the outer end face of the outer bracket (23). The end of the drive screw (242) away from the threaded sleeve (243) is rotatably installed with the outer bracket (23) through a bearing. The geared motor (241) drives the drive screw (242) to rotate.

5. The boiler flue gas device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Multiple support rollers (231) are installed at the inner bottom of the outer bracket (23). The support rollers (231) roll and support the bottom of the box (21) to reduce the force on the guide rod (25) and the drive screw (242).

6. The boiler flue gas device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cleaning device (3) includes an upper bracket (31), a hydraulic push rod (32), and a cleaning part (33). The upper bracket (31) is fixed between the outer brackets (23) on both sides by bolts. The hydraulic push rod (32) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the upper bracket (31), with the movable end of the hydraulic push rod (32) facing downward. The cleaning part (33) is installed at the movable end of the hydraulic push rod (32). The cleaning part (33) slides into the assembly groove (12). An upper limit switch (34) is provided on the inner side of the upper bracket (31). A lower limit switch (35) is installed on the top of the horizontal flue (1). The upper limit switch (34) and the lower limit switch (35) are both connected to control the hydraulic push rod (32). When the cleaning part (33) moves upward to the limit position, the upper limit switch (34) is triggered. When the cleaning part (33) moves downward to the limit position, the lower limit switch (35) is triggered.

7. The boiler flue gas exhaust device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cleaning unit (33) includes a cleaning box (331), a top cover (332), and a cleaning plate (333). The lower end of the cleaning box (331) is closed, and the upper end is open. The top cover (332) is detachably installed on the top of the cleaning box (331). A first through groove (334) is provided on both sides of the cleaning box (331) near the bottom. A lower bracket (335) is installed at the inner bottom of the cleaning box (331). A guide rod (336) is horizontally fixed through the lower bracket (335). Multiple guide rods (336) are arranged in parallel. One end face of the cleaning plate (333) extends to the outside of the cleaning box (331) after passing through the first through groove (334). A limit baffle (337) is provided at the other end of the cleaning plate (333). The limit baffle (337) limits the cleaning box (331) to the outside. The inner end face of the cleaning plate (333) is provided with a guide hole (338) that slides with the guide rod (336). A spring (339) is sleeved on the guide rod (336). The spring (339) acts between the cleaning plate (333) and the lower bracket (335). Under the action of the spring (339), the limiting baffle (337) acts on the inner end face of the cleaning box (331). Multiple first guide rods (122) are provided at the top of the horizontal flue (1) and at the four corners of the assembly groove (120). The first guide rods (122) pass through the upper cover plate (332) and slide with the upper cover plate (332). The side of the upper cover plate (332) is provided with a trigger plate (3320) for triggering the upper limit switch (34) and the lower limit switch (35).

8. The boiler flue gas device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper and lower openings of the assembly groove (12) are both machined into bevels (121). The bottom sides of the cleaning box (331) are provided with scrapers (3310) that fit the bevels (121). When the cleaning box (331) moves upward to the limit position, the scrapers (3310) fit the bevels (121) to close the assembly groove (120). When the cleaning box (331) moves downward along the assembly groove (120), the scrapers (3310) scrape off the coking on the heat exchange surface (212). The upper and lower end faces of the cleaning plate (333) are set as guide bevels (3331). For use with the bevel (121), a groove (3332) is provided on the outer end face of the cleaning plate (333). The length of the groove (3332) is greater than the length of the box (21). A grinding plate (3333) is fixed in the groove (3332). When the cleaning box (331) slides up and down along the assembly groove (120), the cleaning plate (333) elastically retracts after compressing the spring (339) through the cooperation of the guide bevel (331) and the bevel (121), thereby preventing the grinding plate (3333) from wearing the groove wall of the assembly groove (120) when the cleaning plate (333) passes through the assembly groove (120).

9. The boiler flue gas device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The ash removal device (4) includes an ash collection trough (41) and an ash discharge pipe (42). The ash collection trough (41) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the horizontal flue (1) and corresponds to the assembly slot (120). When the cleaning box (31) descends to its limit position, it is inserted into the ash collection trough (41). The ash discharge pipe (42) is fixed at the rear of the ash collection trough (41). A valve is installed at the pipe opening of the ash discharge pipe (42), and the valve is connected to the negative pressure equipment.

10. A boiler, characterized in that: The boiler exhaust device includes any one of claims 1-9.

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