Photovoltaic module and photovoltaic system

Abstract

This invention discloses a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic system. The photovoltaic module includes: a plurality of first solar cells, each first solar cell having a chamfered edge and a cut edge disposed opposite to each other; a plurality of second solar cells, each second solar cell having a first cut edge and a second cut edge disposed opposite to each other; and a plurality of third solar cells, each third solar cell having a chamfered edge and a cut edge disposed opposite to each other; wherein the first solar cells, the second solar cells, and the third solar cells constitute a minimum repeating unit; in the minimum repeating unit, the second solar cell is located between the first solar cells and the third solar cells, the chamfered edge of the first solar cell overlaps with the first cut edge of the second solar cell, and the chamfered edge of the third solar cell overlaps with the second cut edge of the second solar cell; and both the first solar cells and the third solar cells are stacked on the light-facing surface of the second solar cell. This invention improves the efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and more particularly to a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic system. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of photovoltaic technology, a method of slicing solar cells has emerged to reduce cell losses and heat generation, improve cell resistance to shading, reduce the risk of microcracks, and optimize photovoltaic module layout and reliability. However, the efficiency of photovoltaic modules composed of sliced ​​cells still needs further improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic system to improve the efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0004] According to one aspect of the present invention, a photovoltaic module is provided, comprising: Multiple first solar cells, each first solar cell having chamfered edges and cut edges disposed opposite to each other; Multiple second battery cells, each second battery cell having a first cut edge and a second cut edge disposed opposite to each other; Multiple third solar cells, each third solar cell having chamfered edges and cut edges disposed opposite to each other; The first, second, and third battery cells constitute a minimum repeating unit; in the minimum repeating unit, the second battery cell is located between the first and third battery cells, the chamfered edge of the first battery cell overlaps with the first cut edge of the second battery cell, and the chamfered edge of the third battery cell overlaps with the second cut edge of the second battery cell; and the first and third battery cells are both stacked on the light-facing surface of the second battery cell.

[0005] Optionally, the battery cell is a three-cell battery, the second battery cell is the middle cell of the whole battery cell, and the first battery cell and the third battery cell are two side cells located on both sides of the middle cell.

[0006] Optionally, in the minimum repeating unit, the first polarity solder joint of the first battery cell, the second polarity solder joint of the second battery cell, and the first polarity solder joint of the third battery cell are aligned; the second polarity solder joint of the first battery cell, the first polarity solder joint of the second battery cell, and the second polarity solder joint of the third battery cell are aligned.

[0007] Optionally, the photovoltaic module also includes: Multiple first series solder strips electrically connect the opposite polarity solder joints of the first and second solar cells; Multiple second series welding strips electrically connect the opposite polarity welding points of the second and third solar cells; Multiple third series solder strips connect the first battery cell in the nth smallest repeating unit to the (n-1)th smallest repeating unit in series. Multiple fourth series welding strips connect the third battery cell in the nth smallest repeating unit to the (n+1)th smallest repeating unit in series. The first, second, third, and fourth series welding strips are all straight.

[0008] Optionally, the edges of two adjacent minimum repeating units overlap, and one of the minimum repeating units is arranged in a first manner in the battery string, while the other minimum repeating unit is arranged in a second manner in the battery string. The first manner is obtained by rotating the second manner by 180° along the rotation axis; wherein the rotation axis extends along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module.

[0009] Optionally, the two overlapping cells in two adjacent minimum repeating units are both the first cell; or, the two overlapping cells in two adjacent minimum repeating units are both the third cell.

[0010] Optionally, at least two of the minimum repeating units are arranged along a first direction to form a battery string; in the battery string, each battery cell is connected in series. At least two of the battery strings are arranged along a second direction, with the first direction and the second direction intersecting.

[0011] Optionally, the battery string further includes the first battery cell located at the edge of the battery string and disposed separately, the arrangement of the first battery cell being obtained by rotating the arrangement of the first battery cell in the adjacent smallest repeating unit by 180° along the rotation axis. Alternatively, the battery string may further include a second battery cell located at the edge of the battery string and disposed separately, the arrangement of the second battery cell being obtained by rotating the arrangement of the second battery cell in the adjacent smallest repeating unit by 180° along the rotation axis. Alternatively, the battery string may further include a third battery cell located at the edge of the battery string and disposed separately, the arrangement of the third battery cell being obtained by rotating the arrangement of the third battery cell in the adjacent smallest repeating unit by 180° along the rotation axis. The rotating shaft extends along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module.

[0012] Optionally, the number of the first, second, and third battery cells provided separately is equal.

[0013] Optionally, at least two battery strings constitute a battery string group; the battery strings within the same battery string group are connected in parallel, and two adjacent battery string groups are connected in series; wherein, the two adjacent battery string groups are respectively the first battery string group and the second battery string group; The photovoltaic module also includes: A first edge and a second edge are arranged opposite to each other along a first direction; the first polarity end of the first battery string group and the second polarity end of the second battery string group are both close to the first edge of the photovoltaic module, and the second polarity end of the first battery string group and the first polarity end of the second battery string group are both close to the second edge of the photovoltaic module. The first busbar is electrically connected to the first polarity terminal of the first battery string group; The second busbar is electrically connected to the second polarity terminal of the second battery string group; The third busbar is electrically connected to the second polarity terminal of the first battery string group and the first polarity terminal of the second battery string group. The first end of the first busbar and the first end of the second busbar are bent into the same junction box.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present invention, a photovoltaic system is provided, comprising: a photovoltaic module as described in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] In this embodiment of the invention, the chamfered edges of the first and third solar cells are stacked on the light-facing surface of the second solar cell. On the one hand, this allows the uncut edges to block the cut edges with cutting losses, thereby improving the efficiency of the photovoltaic module. On the other hand, the photovoltaic module layout provided by this embodiment of the invention, in which two solar cells are stacked on either side of one solar cell, reduces the difficulty of rework compared to the technical solution where each solar cell only presses one side of the previous solar cell.

[0016] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the smallest repeating unit of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 For along Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of AA; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell before cutting, provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of another minimum repeating unit of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of two minimum repeating units of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified structural diagram of the central region A1; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cell string in a photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the layout structure of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery string in another photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of another photovoltaic module layout structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 A circuit diagram of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 A schematic diagram of another photovoltaic module layout structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 for Figure 12 A magnified structural diagram of region A2 in the middle; Figure 14 for Figure 13 A magnified structural diagram of the central region A3; Figure 15 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the smallest repeating unit of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 For along Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of AA. (See attached diagram) Figure 1 and Figure 2 This type of photovoltaic module includes: Multiple first battery cells 11, each first battery cell 11 having a chamfered edge 111 and a cut edge 112 disposed opposite to each other; Multiple second battery cells 12, each second battery cell 12 having a first cut edge 121 and a second cut edge 122 disposed opposite to each other; Multiple third solar cells 13, each third solar cell 13 having a chamfered edge 131 and a cut edge 132 disposed opposite to each other; The first battery cell 11, the second battery cell 12, and the third battery cell 13 constitute the smallest repeating unit. In the smallest repeating unit, the second battery cell 12 is located between the first battery cell 11 and the third battery cell 13. The chamfered edge 111 of the first battery cell 11 overlaps with the first cut edge 121 of the second battery cell 12, and the chamfered edge 131 of the third battery cell 13 overlaps with the second cut edge 122 of the second battery cell 12. The first battery cell 11 and the third battery cell 13 are both stacked on the light-facing surface 1201 of the second battery cell 12.

[0022] Specifically, the ends of chamfered edges 111 and 131 are chamfered. Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell before cutting, provided as an embodiment of the present invention. See also... Figure 3 For example, each battery cell (including the first battery cell 11, the second battery cell 12, and the third battery cell 13) is a three-section battery. The second battery cell 12 is the middle section of the whole battery cell, and the first battery cell 11 and the third battery cell 13 are two side sections located on either side of the middle section. Before cutting, each battery cell is a large battery cell with two cutting lines: a first cutting line 101 and a second cutting line 102. Cutting along the first cutting line 101 and the second cutting line 102 forms the first battery cell 11, the second battery cell 12, and the third battery cell 13. The first cutting line 101 corresponds to the cutting edge 112 of the first battery cell 11 and the first cutting edge 121 of the second battery cell 12, and the second cutting line 102 corresponds to the second cutting edge 122 of the second battery cell 12 and the cutting edge 132 of the third battery cell 13. The four corners of the large battery cell are chamfered. After cutting, the four chamfers are distributed to the first battery cell 11 and the third battery cell 13, thus obtaining the chamfered edge 111 of the first battery cell 11 and the chamfered edge 131 of the third battery cell 13.

[0023] Therefore, for segmented solar cells, chamfered edges 111 and 131 are uncut edges, while cut edges 112, 121, 122, and 132 are cut edges. During the cutting process, defects such as microcracks, damaged layers, and dangling bonds can occur on the cut edges, resulting in cutting losses. In this embodiment of the invention, the chamfered edges 111 of the first solar cell 11 and 131 of the third solar cell 13 are stacked on the light-facing surface 1201 of the second solar cell 12. On the one hand, the uncut cut edges can block the cut edges with cutting losses, thereby improving the efficiency of the photovoltaic module. On the other hand, the photovoltaic module layout structure provided by this embodiment of the invention, in which two solar cells are stacked on each other on both sides of a solar cell, reduces the difficulty of rework compared to the technical solution where each solar cell only presses one side of the previous solar cell.

[0024] Specifically, in the previous method, each battery cell was pressed against only one edge of the previous cell. When a middle cell needed repair, one edge of that cell was pressed against the bottom of another cell, and removing it would damage the other cell pressing on it. However, in this embodiment, when one battery cell malfunctioned and needed repair, all cells could be removed one by one without damage. For example, when the second battery cell 12 needed repair, since it was not pressed against by other cells, it could be removed directly; when the first battery cell 11 needed repair, the second battery cell 12 was removed first, followed by the first battery cell 11.

[0025] Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the first battery cell 11, the second battery cell 12, and the third battery cell 13 are three-cell batteries obtained by cutting the same large battery cell. This arrangement better fits the minimum repeating unit provided by the embodiments of the present invention, thereby making full use of the three-cell batteries and helping to avoid inventory backlog of some battery cells.

[0026] In other embodiments, the inventive concept of the present invention can also be applied to other segmented batteries, and the present invention does not limit this.

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the smallest repeating unit of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present invention. See also Figure 4 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, in the minimum repeating unit, the first polarity solder joint 11A of the first solar cell 11, the second polarity solder joint 12B of the second solar cell 12, and the first polarity solder joint 13A of the third solar cell 13 are aligned; the second polarity solder joint 11B of the first solar cell 11, the first polarity solder joint 12A of the second solar cell 12, and the second polarity solder joint 13B of the third solar cell 13 are aligned. Specifically, in the manufacturing process of the photovoltaic module, the angles of the cut first solar cell 11 and the third solar cell 13 can be kept unchanged, and the second solar cell 12 can be rotated 180° along the rotation axis of the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module. For example, the first solar cell 11 is represented by A, the third solar cell 13 by B, and the second solar cell 12 by C. Then, the minimum repeating unit can be represented as follows: , , ,or .

[0028] Wherein, the first polarity solder joint (including the first polarity solder joint 11A, the first polarity solder joint 12A and the first polarity solder joint 13A) is a positive polarity solder joint, and the second polarity solder joint (including the second polarity solder joint 11B, the second polarity solder joint 12B and the second polarity solder joint 13B) is a negative polarity solder joint; or, the first polarity solder joint (including the first polarity solder joint 11A, the first polarity solder joint 12A and the first polarity solder joint 13A) is a negative polarity solder joint, and the second polarity solder joint (including the second polarity solder joint 11B, the second polarity solder joint 12B and the second polarity solder joint 13B) is a positive polarity solder joint. The first battery cell 11, the second battery cell 12, and the third battery cell 13 are arranged along the first direction X. The first polarity solder joint 11A and the second polarity solder joint 11B of the first battery cell 11 are arranged alternately along the second direction Y. The second polarity solder joint 12B and the first polarity solder joint 12A of the second battery cell 12 are arranged alternately along the second direction Y. The first polarity solder joint 13A and the second polarity solder joint 13B of the first battery cell 13 are arranged alternately along the second direction Y.

[0029] Alignment of the first polarity solder joint 11A of the first battery cell 11, the second polarity solder joint 12B of the second battery cell 12, and the first polarity solder joint 13A of the third battery cell 13 means that, along the first direction X, the first polarity solder joint 11A of the first battery cell 11, the second polarity solder joint 12B of the second battery cell 12, and the first polarity solder joint 13A of the third battery cell 13 are in a straight line. Similarly, alignment of the second polarity solder joint 11B of the first battery cell 11, the first polarity solder joint 12A of the second battery cell 12, and the second polarity solder joint 13B of the third battery cell 13 means that, along the first direction X, the second polarity solder joint 11B of the first battery cell 11, the first polarity solder joint 12A of the second battery cell 12, and the second polarity solder joint 13B of the third battery cell 13 are in a straight line. This arrangement, with the first polarity solder joints and the second polarity solder joints alternating along the first direction X, facilitates the interconnection of the battery cells into a battery string using straight-line solder strips.

[0030] See also Figure 4 Optionally, based on the above embodiments, the photovoltaic module further includes: Multiple first series solder strips 141 electrically connect the opposite polarity solder joints of the first battery cell 11 and the second battery cell 12; for example, the first series solder strips 141 electrically connect the second polarity solder joint 11B of the first battery cell 11 to the first polarity solder joint 12A of the second battery cell 12. Multiple second series solder strips 142 electrically connect the opposite polarity solder joints 13A of the second cell 12 and the third cell 13; for example, the second series solder strips 142 electrically connect the second polarity solder joint 12B of the second cell 12 to the first polarity solder joint 13A of the third cell 13. Multiple third series solder strips 143 connect the first cell 11 in the nth minimum repeating unit to the (n-1)th minimum repeating unit in series. Specifically, the third series solder strips 143 electrically connect the first polarity solder point 11A of the first cell 11 in the nth minimum repeating unit to the second polarity solder point located at the edge in the (n-1)th minimum repeating unit. The second polarity solder point is the second polarity solder point on the cell adjacent to the first cell 11. Multiple fourth series solder strips 144 connect the third cell 13 in the nth minimum repeating unit to the (n+1)th minimum repeating unit in series. Specifically, the fourth series solder strips 144 electrically connect the second polarity solder point 13B of the third cell 13 in the nth minimum repeating unit to the first polarity solder point located at the edge in the (n+1)th minimum repeating unit. The first polarity solder point is the first polarity solder point on the cell adjacent to the third cell 13. Among them, the first tandem welding strip 141, the second tandem welding strip 142, the third tandem welding strip 143 and the fourth tandem welding strip 144 are all straight.

[0031] Specifically, the (n-1)th minimum repeating unit is the minimum repeating unit adjacent to the first battery cell 11 in the nth minimum repeating unit, and the (n+1)th minimum repeating unit is the minimum repeating unit adjacent to the third battery cell 13 in the nth minimum repeating unit.

[0032] In the (n-1)th minimum repeating unit, the battery cell adjacent to the first battery cell 11 in the nth minimum repeating unit can be the first battery cell 11, the second battery cell 12, or the third battery cell 13. Correspondingly, the third series solder ribbon 143 electrically connects the first polarity solder point 11A of the first battery cell 11 in the nth minimum repeating unit to the second polarity solder point of the first battery cell 11 in the (n-1)th minimum repeating unit; or, the third series solder ribbon 143 electrically connects the first polarity solder point 11A of the first battery cell 11 in the nth minimum repeating unit to the second polarity solder point of the second battery cell 12 in the (n-1)th minimum repeating unit; or, the third series solder ribbon 143 electrically connects the first polarity solder point 11A of the first battery cell 11 in the nth minimum repeating unit to the second polarity solder point of the third battery cell 13 in the (n-1)th minimum repeating unit.

[0033] Similarly, the cell adjacent to the third cell 13 in the (n+1)th minimum repeating unit can be the first cell 11, the second cell 12, or the third cell 13. Correspondingly, the fourth series solder ribbon 144 electrically connects the second polarity solder point 13B of the third cell 13 in the nth minimum repeating unit to the first polarity solder point of the first cell 11 in the (n+1)th minimum repeating unit; or, the fourth series solder ribbon 144 electrically connects the second polarity solder point 13B of the third cell 13 in the nth minimum repeating unit to the first polarity solder point of the third cell 13 in the (n+1)th minimum repeating unit; or, the fourth series solder ribbon 144 electrically connects the second polarity solder point 13B of the third cell 13 in the nth minimum repeating unit to the first polarity solder point of the third cell 13 in the (n+1)th minimum repeating unit.

[0034] This configuration allows the individual solar cells to be interconnected into a battery string via straight-line solder strips.

[0035] Understandably, electrical connections can be made by welding, bonding with conductive adhesive, etc., but are not limited to these methods.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of two minimum repeating units of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified structural diagram of region A1 in the middle. See also... Figure 5 and Figure 6 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the edges of two adjacent minimum repeating units 10 overlap, and one of the minimum repeating units 10 is arranged in the battery string in a first manner, and the other minimum repeating unit 10 is arranged in the battery string in a second manner. The first manner is obtained by rotating 180° relative to the second manner along the rotation axis; wherein, the rotation axis extends along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module.

[0037] The edge overlap of two adjacent minimum repeating units 10 refers to the edge overlap of two battery cells in two adjacent minimum repeating units 10. The overlap method can refer to the overlap method of battery cells in the minimum repeating unit. Optionally, the two overlapping battery cells in two adjacent minimum repeating units are both first battery cells 11; or, the two overlapping battery cells in two adjacent minimum repeating units are both third battery cells 13. Figure 5 and Figure 6 The example illustrates that the edge of the third battery cell 13 of the smallest repeating unit 10 on the left overlaps with the edge of the third battery cell 13 of the smallest repeating unit 10 on the right. In other embodiments, the edge of the first battery cell 11 of the smallest repeating unit 10 on the left may also overlap with the edge of the first battery cell 11 of the smallest repeating unit 10 on the right. It is understood that when the number of smallest repeating units 10 in a battery string is three or more, there may be cases where the edges of two adjacent third battery cells 13 overlap, and there may also be cases where the edges of two adjacent first battery cells 11 overlap.

[0038] The first method, relative to the second method, involves rotating the unit 10 180° along the rotation axis. This means that two adjacent minimum repeating units 10 are arranged in the same way, but with different orientations. Taking the left minimum repeating unit 10 as a reference, the right minimum repeating unit 10 is rotated 180° along the rotation axis; similarly, taking the right minimum repeating unit 10 as a reference, the left minimum repeating unit 10 is rotated 180° along the rotation axis. For example, one of the minimum repeating units 10 can be represented as... Another minimal repeating unit 10 can be represented as Alternatively, one of the smallest repeating units 10 can be represented as Another minimal repeating unit 10 can be represented as This arrangement aligns the second polarity solder joints and first polarity solder joints of two adjacent cells (e.g., two adjacent third cells 13), facilitating the interconnection of two adjacent minimum repeating units 10 into a cell string via straight solder strips. This arrangement, on the one hand, allows uncut edges to shield cut edges with cutting losses, thereby improving the efficiency of the photovoltaic module; on the other hand, the photovoltaic module layout provided in this embodiment of the invention, where two cells are stacked on either side of a single cell, reduces the difficulty of rework compared to a technical solution where each cell only overlaps one side of the preceding cell.

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cell string in a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention. See also... Figure 7 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, at least two minimum repeating units 10 are arranged along the first direction X to form a battery string; in this battery string, each battery cell (including the first battery cell 11, the second battery cell 12, and the third battery cell 13) is connected in series. This arrangement makes the voltage of the battery string the sum of the voltages of each battery cell, thereby increasing the string voltage.

[0040] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the layout structure of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present invention. See also... Figure 8 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, at least two battery strings 20 are arranged along the second direction Y. The battery strings 20 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a series-parallel combination. The series-parallel combination can include various connection methods such as first series then parallel, first parallel then series, first series then parallel then series, and first parallel then series then parallel. Specifically, the connection relationship between the battery strings 20 can be adjusted by setting the busbar. In the photovoltaic module layout provided by the embodiments of the present invention, the battery strings 20 are arranged in the same way, which helps to reduce the difficulty of layout in the production process and avoid inventory backlog of some battery cells.

[0041] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cell string in another photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present invention. See also... Figure 9 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the battery string further includes a first battery cell 11 located at the edge of the battery string and individually arranged. The arrangement of the individual first battery cells 11 is obtained by rotating the arrangement of the first battery cells 11 in the adjacent smallest repeating unit 10 by 180° along a rotation axis, wherein the rotation axis extends along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module. For example, as shown... Figure 9As shown, the individual first battery cell 11 is located at the leftmost end of the battery string. Adjacent to the individual first battery cell 11 is the first battery cell 11 in the smallest repeating unit 10 located at the leftmost end. Therefore, the first polarity solder joint of the individual first battery cell 11 is aligned with the second polarity solder joint of the first battery cell 11 in the adjacent smallest repeating unit 10, and the second polarity solder joint of the individual first battery cell 11 is aligned with the first polarity solder joint of the first battery cell 11 in the adjacent smallest repeating unit 10.

[0042] In another embodiment, with Figure 9 The difference is that, adjacent to the individual first battery cell 11 is the third battery cell 13 in the leftmost smallest repeating unit 10. Therefore, the first polarity solder joint of the individual first battery cell 11 is aligned with the second polarity solder joint of the adjacent third battery cell 13 in the smallest repeating unit 10, and the second polarity solder joint of the individual first battery cell 11 is aligned with the first polarity solder joint of the adjacent third battery cell 13 in the smallest repeating unit 10.

[0043] In another embodiment, with Figure 9 The difference is that the individual first battery cell 11 is located at the rightmost end of the battery string, and adjacent to the individual first battery cell 11 is the third battery cell 13 or the first battery cell 11 in the smallest repeating unit 10 located at the rightmost end.

[0044] In another embodiment, the battery string may optionally include a second battery cell 12 located at the edge of the battery string and separately arranged. The arrangement of the individual second battery cells 12 is obtained by rotating the arrangement of the second battery cells 12 in the adjacent minimum repeating unit 10 by 180° along a rotation axis, wherein the rotation axis extends along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module. For example, the individual second battery cell 12 is located at the leftmost end of the battery string, and adjacent to the individual second battery cell 12 is a third battery cell 13 located at the leftmost end of the minimum repeating unit 10. Then, the first polarity solder joint of the individual second battery cell 12 is aligned with the second polarity solder joint of the adjacent minimum repeating unit 10, and the second polarity solder joint of the individual second battery cell 12 is aligned with the first polarity solder joint of the adjacent minimum repeating unit 10, thereby facilitating the series connection of two second battery cells by a straight solder strip.

[0045] In another embodiment, optionally, the battery string also includes a third battery cell 13 located at the edge of the battery string and separately arranged. The arrangement of the individual third battery cell 13 is obtained by rotating it 180° relative to the arrangement of the third battery cell 13 in the adjacent minimum repeating unit 10 along a rotation axis, wherein the rotation axis extends along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module. The third battery cell 13 can be located at the leftmost or rightmost end of the battery string, and adjacent to the individual third battery cell 13 is either the third battery cell 13 in the minimum repeating unit 10 or the first battery cell 11. For example, if the individual third battery cell 13 is located at the leftmost end of the battery string, and adjacent to the third battery cell 13 in the leftmost minimum repeating unit 10, then the first polarity solder joint of the individual third battery cell 13 is aligned with the second polarity solder joint of the third battery cell 13 in the adjacent minimum repeating unit 10, and the second polarity solder joint of the individual third battery cell 13 is aligned with the first polarity solder joint of the third battery cell 13 in the adjacent minimum repeating unit 10, thereby facilitating the series connection of two third battery cells via a straight solder strip.

[0046] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of another photovoltaic module layout structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention. See also... Figure 10 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the number of individually provided first solar cells 11, second solar cells 12, and third solar cells 13 is equal. For example, a photovoltaic module includes six cell strings 20, wherein two cell strings 20 have individual first solar cells 11 at their ends, two cell strings 20 have individual second solar cells 12 at their ends, and two cell strings 20 have individual third solar cells 13 at their ends. This arrangement ensures that the number of first solar cells 11, second solar cells 12, and third solar cells 13 used in the photovoltaic module is equal, thereby fully utilizing the three-cell structure and helping to avoid inventory backlog of some cells.

[0047] See also Figure 10 Optionally, along the second direction Y, the individually arranged solar cells are, in sequence, a first solar cell 11, a second solar cell 12, a third solar cell 13, a third solar cell 13, a second solar cell 12, and a first solar cell 11. This arrangement ensures a symmetrical layout of the photovoltaic modules, which is beneficial for a balanced distribution of current.

[0048] It should be noted that, Figure 10 The example shown illustrates six battery strings 20, which is not a limitation of the invention. In other embodiments, the number of battery strings 20 may be eight, nine, ten, or more. Furthermore, the embodiments of the invention do not limit the number of the smallest repeating unit in the battery string 20.

[0049] Figure 11This is a circuit diagram of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of another photovoltaic module layout structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention. See also... Figure 11 and Figure 12 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, at least two battery strings 20 constitute a battery string group 30; each battery string 20 in the same battery string group 30 is connected in parallel, and two adjacent battery string groups 30 are connected in series; wherein, the two adjacent battery string groups 30 are the first battery string group 31 and the second battery string group 32, respectively.

[0050] The photovoltaic module also has a first edge 41 and a second edge 42 disposed opposite to each other along a first direction X; the first polarity end (e.g., positive terminal +) of the first battery string group 31 and the second polarity end (e.g., negative terminal -) of the second battery string group 32 are both close to the first edge 41 of the photovoltaic module, and the second polarity end (e.g., negative terminal -) of the first battery string group 31 and the first polarity end (e.g., positive terminal +) of the second battery string group 32 are both close to the second edge 42 of the photovoltaic module.

[0051] The photovoltaic module also includes a first busbar 51, a second busbar 52, and a third busbar 53. The first busbar 51 is electrically connected to the first polarity terminal (e.g., positive terminal +) of the first battery string 31; the second busbar 52 is electrically connected to the second polarity terminal (e.g., negative terminal -) of the second battery string 32; and the third busbar 53 is electrically connected to the second polarity terminal (e.g., negative terminal -) of the first battery string 31 and the first polarity terminal (e.g., positive terminal +) of the second battery string 32. The first end of the first busbar 51 and the second end of the second busbar 52 are bent at the interval between the first battery string 31 and the second battery string 32 to the junction box 60.

[0052] Among them, the first bus bar 51, the second bus bar 52 and the third bus bar 53 are all bus bars located at the ends of the battery string 20. For example, the first battery string 20 from bottom to top has a first battery cell 11 and a third battery cell 13 at its two ends, with the right end being the first polarity end and the left end being the second polarity end. The first battery cell 11 at the left end is the second polarity end battery cell, and the third battery cell 13 at the right end is the first polarity end battery cell. The second battery string 20 from bottom to top has a second battery cell 12 and a third battery cell 13 at its two ends, with the right end being the first polarity end and the left end being the second polarity end. The second battery cell 12 at the left end is the second polarity end battery cell, and the third battery cell 13 at the right end is the first polarity end battery cell. ... The sixth battery string 20 from bottom to top has a first battery cell 11 and a third battery cell 13 at its two ends, with the left end being the first polarity end and the right end being the second polarity end. The first battery cell 11 at the left end is the first polarity end battery cell, and the third battery cell 13 at the right end is the second polarity end battery cell.

[0053] The three third battery cells 13 at the first polarity end of the first, second, and third battery strings 20 from bottom to top are all connected to the first busbar 51. The three third battery cells 13 at the second polarity end of the fourth, fifth, and sixth battery strings 20 from bottom to top are all connected to the second busbar 52. The battery cells at the left end of each battery string 20 are all connected to the third busbar 53. The first busbar 51 and the second busbar 52 are short busbars, and the third busbar 53 is a long busbar. The lengths of the first busbar 51 and the second busbar 52 are both half the length of the third busbar 53.

[0054] The present invention is configured in such a way that the solar cells are first connected in parallel and then in series, which simplifies the circuit logic, makes the arrangement of the photovoltaic modules simple, and eliminates the need for jumpers and other structures, making it easy to implement.

[0055] Optionally, the photovoltaic module also includes a bypass diode, which is disposed in the junction box 60. When the first cell string 31 is shaded or experiences a fault and generates a large bias voltage, the bypass diode can conduct, allowing the current to bypass the first cell string 31 and reducing the hot spot effect of the photovoltaic module.

[0056] Figure 13 for Figure 12 A magnified structural diagram of region A2 in the middle. See also... Figure 13 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the photovoltaic module further includes a first solder strip 145 and a second solder strip 146. The first solder strip 145 is electrically connected to the first polarity solder joint in the first polarity end cell of the first cell string 31; the second solder strip 146 is electrically connected to the second polarity solder joint in the second polarity end (e.g., the negative terminal -) cell (e.g., the third cell 13) of the second cell string 32.

[0057] The battery string 30 has two ends, a first polarity end and a second polarity end. The battery cell at the first polarity end refers to the battery cell (e.g., the positive terminal +) located at the first polarity end of the battery string 30 (e.g., the third battery cell 13). This battery cell has a first polarity solder joint and a second polarity solder joint, and the first solder strip 145 connects to the first polarity solder joint. Similarly, the battery cell at the second polarity end refers to the battery cell (e.g., the negative terminal -) located at the second polarity end of the battery string 30 (e.g., the third battery cell 13). This battery cell has a first polarity solder joint and a second polarity solder joint, and the second solder strip 146 connects to the second polarity solder joint.

[0058] Figure 14 for Figure 13 A magnified structural diagram of region A3 in the middle. (Combined with...) Figures 12-14With the interval line between the first battery string group 31 and the second battery string group 32 as the reference line 71, a series solder strip (e.g., a second series solder strip 142) for connecting two adjacent battery cells is also provided between the first solder strip 145 and the reference line 71; and a series solder strip (e.g., a second series solder strip 142) for connecting two adjacent battery cells is also provided between the second solder strip 146 and the reference line 71.

[0059] Therefore, in this embodiment of the invention, with reference line 71 as the starting point, the solder strip connected to the first busbar 51 is the second solder strip, and the solder strip connected to the second busbar 52 is also the second solder strip. This arrangement ensures that the first solder strip 145 connected to the first busbar 51 has a large distance from its end, and the second solder strip 146 connected to the second busbar 52 has a large distance from its end. When the ends of the first busbar 51 and the second busbar 52 are bent, the first solder strip 145 and the second solder strip 146, which are closest to the ends, will not be affected by the bending and will not detach from the solder.

[0060] See also Figure 14 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the bend adjacent to the first end of the first busbar 51 is designated as the first bend, and the bend adjacent to the second end of the second busbar 52 is designated as the second bend. The distance d1 between the first bend and the second bend ranges from 3mm to 12mm. The distance d1 between the first bend and the second bend can be measured using the terminals of the junction box 60. This configuration ensures that when the ends of the first busbar 51 and the second busbar 52 are bent, the first solder strip 145 and the second solder strip 146, which are closest to the ends, will not be detached due to the bend, which is beneficial for connecting the first busbar 51 and the second busbar 52 to the junction box 60.

[0061] Figure 15 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present invention. See also... Figure 15Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the photovoltaic module further includes a frame 80, which is located around the perimeter of the photovoltaic module; the distance d2 between the first busbar 51 and the frame 80 is greater than a set value, and the distance d2 between the second busbar 52 and the frame 80 is also greater than a set value. The first busbar 51 and the second busbar 52 are aligned in a second direction, therefore, the lengths of the first busbar 51 and the second busbar 52 from the frame 80 are equal. Setting this distance d2 greater than a set value in this embodiment effectively limits the distance between the first busbar 51 and the second busbar 52 and the frame 80, thus facilitating the framing of the frame 80. Specifically, the junction box 60 is located at the ends of the first busbar 51 and the second busbar 52, and has cables on it. If the junction box 60 is too close to the frame 80, the cables will affect the framing. By setting the first busbar 51 and the second busbar 52 to a greater distance from the frame 80, the junction box 60 is also positioned further away from the frame 80, thereby preventing the cables from interfering with the framing.

[0062] Optionally, the distance d2 between the outer edge of the first busbar 51 and the inner edge of the frame is greater than or equal to 30mm, and the distance d2 between the outer edge of the second busbar 52 and the inner edge of the frame is greater than or equal to 30mm. This arrangement ensures that the first busbar 51 and the second busbar 52 are sufficiently far from the frame 80, ensuring that the cables in the junction box 60 do not interfere with the frame mounting.

[0063] See also Figure 15 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the photovoltaic module is a back-contact photovoltaic module, and the first busbar 51 and the second busbar 52 are located on the back of the photovoltaic module; and the first busbar 51 and the second busbar 52 are located on the first or second column of cells near the first edge 41 of the photovoltaic module. Figure 15 For example, the first busbar 51 and the second busbar 52 are located on the second column of battery cells near the first edge 41, thereby meeting the requirement that the first busbar 51 and the second busbar 52 are sufficiently far from the frame 80.

[0064] In other embodiments, if the size of the first row of battery cells near the first edge 41 is large enough, the first busbar 51 and the second busbar 52 may also be located on the first row of battery cells near the first edge 41. This invention does not limit this.

[0065] This invention also provides a photovoltaic system, which includes photovoltaic modules as provided in any embodiment of this invention and has corresponding beneficial effects.

[0066] Specifically, photovoltaic (PV) systems can be applied in PV power plants, such as ground-mounted, rooftop, and floating power plants, as well as in equipment or devices that utilize solar energy to generate electricity, such as user solar power supplies, solar streetlights, solar cars, and solar buildings. Of course, it's understandable that the application scenarios for PV systems are not limited to these; that is, PV systems can be applied in all areas that require solar energy for power generation. Taking a PV power grid as an example, a PV system can include PV arrays, combiner boxes, and inverters. A PV array can be a combination of multiple PV modules; for example, multiple PV modules can form multiple PV arrays. The PV arrays are connected to combiner boxes, which collect the current generated by the PV arrays. The collected current then flows through an inverter, converting it into AC power required by the mains grid before being connected to the mains grid to achieve solar power supply.

[0067] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in this invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this invention can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0068] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, include: Multiple first solar cells, each first solar cell having chamfered edges and cut edges disposed opposite to each other; Multiple second battery cells, each second battery cell having a first cut edge and a second cut edge disposed opposite to each other; Multiple third solar cells, each third solar cell having chamfered edges and cut edges disposed opposite to each other; The first, second, and third battery cells constitute a minimum repeating unit; in the minimum repeating unit, the second battery cell is located between the first and third battery cells, the chamfered edge of the first battery cell overlaps with the first cut edge of the second battery cell, and the chamfered edge of the third battery cell overlaps with the second cut edge of the second battery cell; and the first and third battery cells are both stacked on the light-facing surface of the second battery cell.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery cell is a three-cell battery, the second battery cell is the middle segment of the whole battery cell, and the first battery cell and the third battery cell are two side segments located on both sides of the middle segment battery.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the minimum repeating unit, the first polarity solder joint of the first battery cell, the second polarity solder joint of the second battery cell, and the first polarity solder joint of the third battery cell are aligned; the second polarity solder joint of the first battery cell, the first polarity solder joint of the second battery cell, and the second polarity solder joint of the third battery cell are aligned.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: Multiple first series solder strips electrically connect the opposite polarity solder joints of the first and second solar cells; Multiple second series welding strips electrically connect the opposite polarity welding points of the second and third solar cells; Multiple third series welding strips connect the first battery cell in the nth smallest repeating unit to the (n-1)th smallest repeating unit in series. Multiple fourth series welding strips connect the third battery cell in the nth smallest repeating unit to the (n+1)th smallest repeating unit in series. The first, second, third, and fourth series welding strips are all straight.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The edges of two adjacent minimum repeating units overlap, and one of the minimum repeating units is arranged in the battery string in a first manner, while the other minimum repeating unit is arranged in the battery string in a second manner. The first manner is obtained by rotating the second manner by 180° along the rotation axis; wherein the rotation axis extends along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The two overlapping cells in two adjacent minimum repeating units are both the first cell; or, the two overlapping cells in two adjacent minimum repeating units are both the third cell.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least two of the minimum repeating units are arranged along a first direction to form a battery string; in the battery string, the battery cells are connected in series; At least two of the battery strings are arranged along a second direction, with the first direction and the second direction intersecting.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The battery string also includes a first battery cell located at the edge of the battery string and separately arranged, the arrangement of the first battery cell being obtained by rotating the arrangement of the first battery cell in the adjacent smallest repeating unit by 180° along the rotation axis. Alternatively, the battery string may further include a second battery cell located at the edge of the battery string and disposed separately, the arrangement of the second battery cell being obtained by rotating the arrangement of the second battery cell in the adjacent smallest repeating unit by 180° along the rotation axis. Alternatively, the battery string may further include a third battery cell located at the edge of the battery string and disposed separately, the arrangement of the third battery cell being obtained by rotating the arrangement of the third battery cell in the adjacent smallest repeating unit by 180° along the rotation axis. The rotating shaft extends along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module.

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The number of the first, second, and third battery cells, which are individually configured, are equal.

10. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 7-9, characterized in that, At least two battery strings constitute a battery string group; the battery strings within the same battery string group are connected in parallel, and two adjacent battery string groups are connected in series; wherein, the two adjacent battery string groups are respectively the first battery string group and the second battery string group. The photovoltaic module also includes: A first edge and a second edge are arranged opposite to each other along a first direction; the first polarity end of the first battery string group and the second polarity end of the second battery string group are both close to the first edge of the photovoltaic module, and the second polarity end of the first battery string group and the first polarity end of the second battery string group are both close to the second edge of the photovoltaic module. The first busbar is electrically connected to the first polarity terminal of the first battery string group; The second busbar is electrically connected to the second polarity terminal of the second battery string group; The third busbar is electrically connected to the second polarity terminal of the first battery string group and the first polarity terminal of the second battery string group. The first end of the first busbar and the second end of the second busbar are bent into the same junction box.

11. A photovoltaic system, characterized in that, include: The photovoltaic module as described in any one of claims 1-10.

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