Turbine exhaust plenum housing, turbine and organic rankine cycle system

Abstract

The present invention provides a turbine exhaust chamber housing that forms a turbine exhaust chamber into which a hot medium flows through the moving blades of the final stage of the turbine, and forms a plurality of exhaust chamber outlets for discharging the hot medium from the turbine exhaust chamber toward the outer side of the turbine in a radial direction toward the turbine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to a turbine exhaust chamber housing, a turbine, and an organic Rankine cycle system.

[0002] This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2023-217699, filed with the Japan Patent Office on December 25, 2023, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Background Technology

[0003] Patent Document 1 discloses a steam turbine with an exhaust chamber disposed between two turbines. This steam turbine includes a forward turbine, a reverse turbine, and a first housing with an exhaust chamber formed on its inner side. The reverse turbine includes a second housing with an exhaust chamber formed between it and the first housing.

[0004] [Existing Technical Documents]

[0005] [Patent Literature]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent No. 6215172. Summary of the Invention

[0007] [The problem the invention aims to solve]

[0008] However, the inventors of this application have studied the installation of multiple condensers downstream of the turbine in organic Rankine cycle systems and the like. In such a system, assuming only one exhaust chamber outlet is provided so that the heat medium is discharged axially from the turbine exhaust chamber, the piping connected to the exhaust chamber outlet needs to be branched into multiple piping and connected to multiple condensers. Therefore, the piping system tends to be large, and if the large size of the piping system is to be avoided, the pressure loss in the piping system tends to increase.

[0009] Therefore, in view of the above, the object of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure is to provide a turbine exhaust chamber housing, turbine, and organic Rankine cycle system that, when multiple condensers are provided on the downstream side of the turbine, can suppress the enlargement of the piping system connecting the turbine exhaust chamber to the multiple condensers and suppress the increase of pressure loss in the piping system.

[0010] [Methods used to solve problems]

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the turbine exhaust chamber housing of at least one embodiment of this disclosure is configured as follows: A turbine exhaust chamber housing is formed to allow the flow of hot medium through the turbine rotor into the turbine exhaust chamber, wherein a plurality of exhaust chamber outlets are formed for discharging the hot medium from the turbine exhaust chamber toward the radially outer side of the turbine rotor.

[0012] [Invention Effects]

[0013] According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, a turbine exhaust chamber housing, a turbine, and an organic Rankine cycle system are provided, which, when multiple condensers are provided on the downstream side of a turbine, are capable of suppressing the enlargement of the piping system connecting the turbine exhaust chamber to the multiple condensers and suppressing the increase of pressure loss in the piping system. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the general structure of an organic Rankine cycle system 2 according to one embodiment.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic representation of the view from a horizontal direction orthogonal to the axis of turbine 8. Figure 1 A diagram showing an example of the layout of the various structures in a partial case of the organic Rankine cycle system 2.

[0016] Figure 3 It is a schematic representation of from Figure 2 A diagram showing an example of the layout of the various structures when viewed from the E direction.

[0017] Figure 4 It means Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a section orthogonal to the axial direction of the turbine exhaust chamber housing 38 shown.

[0018] Figure 5 It is used for explanation Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the fluid accumulation K in the structure shown.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of exhaust chamber outlets 26A and 26B, with the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32 immersed in the accumulated liquid K.

[0020] Figure 7 This is a schematic representation of the view from a horizontal direction orthogonal to the axis of turbine 8. Figure 1 A diagram showing a modified example of the layout of each structure in a partial case of the organic Rankine cycle system 2.

[0021] Figure 8 It means Figure 7 A schematic cross-sectional view of an example of an axially orthogonal section of the turbine exhaust chamber housing 38 and an example of the connection objects of the pipes 3Ab, 3Ad, 3Bb, and 3Bd.

[0022] Figure 9 It is a schematic representation Figure 7 A schematic cross-sectional view of an example of an axially orthogonal section of the turbine exhaust chamber housing 38 and another example of the connection objects of the pipes 3Ab, 3Ad, 3Bb, and 3Bd. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Hereinafter, several embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, etc. of the constituent components described as embodiments or shown in the drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but are merely illustrative examples.

[0024] For example, expressions such as "in a certain direction," "along a certain direction," "parallel," "orthogonal," "center," "concentric," or "coaxial" indicate a relative or absolute configuration, which not only strictly indicate such a configuration, but also indicate a state of relative displacement by an angle or distance with tolerance or to the extent that the same function can be obtained.

[0025] For example, terms like "same," "equal," and "homogeneous" indicate that things are equal, not only that they are strictly equal, but also that there is a difference in degree or tolerance that allows them to achieve the same function.

[0026] For example, the representation of shapes such as quadrilaterals and cylinders not only represents shapes in the strict geometric sense, but also includes shapes with concave and convex parts, chamfers, etc., within the range where the same effect can be achieved.

[0027] On the other hand, expressions such as "possessing," "having," "having," "containing," or "owning" a constituent element are not exclusive expressions that exclude the existence of other constituent elements.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the general structure of an organic Rankine cycle system 2 according to one embodiment.

[0029] Figure 1 The exemplary organic Rankine cycle system 2 shown includes a heat medium circulation line 3A, a heat medium circulation line 3B, a high-temperature fluid line 4A, a high-temperature fluid line 4B, a cooling water line 5A, a cooling water line 5B, an evaporator 6A (first evaporator), an evaporator 6B (second evaporator), a turbine 8, a generator 10, a condenser 12A (first condenser), a condenser 12B (second condenser), a pump 14A (first pump), and a pump 14B (second pump).

[0030] The heat medium circulation lines 3A and 3B are each composed of piping, and the organic heat medium (hereinafter referred to as "heat medium") circulates in the heat medium circulation lines 3A and 3B respectively. In the heat medium circulation line 3A, an evaporator 6A, a turbine 8, a condenser 12A, and a pump 14A are arranged sequentially along the flow direction of the heat medium. In the heat medium circulation line 3B, an evaporator 6B, a turbine 8, a condenser 12B, and a pump 14B are arranged sequentially along the flow direction of the heat medium. The heat medium circulating in the heat medium circulation lines 3A and 3B is the same heat medium, for example, it can be a refrigerant with a boiling point lower than water.

[0031] Evaporator 6A is configured to evaporate the liquid-phase heat medium supplied from heat medium circulation line 3A through heat exchange with the high-temperature fluid flowing in high-temperature fluid line 4A. Evaporator 6B is configured to evaporate the liquid-phase heat medium supplied from heat medium circulation line 3B through heat exchange with the high-temperature fluid flowing in high-temperature fluid line 4B. In the illustrated embodiment, the downstream portion of evaporator 6A in heat medium circulation line 3A and the downstream portion of evaporator 6B in heat medium circulation line 3B merge and are connected to the heat medium inlet of turbine 8. That is, the gaseous heat medium evaporated in evaporator 6A and the gaseous heat medium evaporated in evaporator 6B merge and are supplied to turbine 8. Turbine 8 is configured to be driven by the heat medium evaporated in evaporator 6A and the heat medium evaporated in evaporator 6B, thereby generating electricity for generator 10 connected to turbine 8.

[0032] The heat medium that has done work in the turbine 8 is supplied to condensers 12A and 12B respectively. The heat medium supplied to condenser 12A is cooled and condensed by heat exchange with the cooling water flowing in the cooling water line 5A, and the heat medium supplied to condenser 12B is cooled and condensed by heat exchange with the cooling water flowing in the cooling water line 5B.

[0033] The heat transfer medium (condensate) condensed in condenser 12A is pressurized by pump 14A and supplied to evaporator 6A. In evaporator 6A, it evaporates again through heat exchange with the high-temperature fluid flowing in high-temperature fluid line 4A and is then supplied to turbine 8. The heat transfer medium (condensate) condensed in condenser 12B is pressurized by pump 14B and supplied to evaporator 6B. In evaporator 6B, it evaporates again through heat exchange with the high-temperature fluid flowing in high-temperature fluid line 4B and is then supplied to turbine 8. It should be noted that... Figure 1Examples of various process temperatures are described herein. For instance, the cooling water inlet temperature of condensers 12A and 12B is 30°C, the inlet temperature of pumps 14A and 14B is 40°C, the high-temperature fluid inlet temperature of evaporators 6A and 6B is 150°C, the turbine inlet temperature is 100°C, and the turbine outlet temperature is 65°C. However, these temperatures are shown as examples and do not limit the scope of this disclosure.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic representation of the view from a horizontal direction orthogonal to the axis of turbine 8. Figure 1 A diagram showing an example of the layout of the various structures in a partial case of the organic Rankine cycle system 2. Figure 3 It is a schematic representation of from Figure 2 A diagram showing an example of the layout of the various structures when viewed from the E direction.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the turbine 8 includes a turbine rotor 32 and a turbine housing 34 that houses the turbine rotor 32. In the illustrated embodiment, the turbine 8 includes a first stage 28 and a second stage 29, each including a plurality of stationary blades 30 spaced apart circumferentially on the turbine rotor 32 and a plurality of moving blades 31 spaced apart circumferentially on the turbine rotor 32. In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the turbine housing 34 includes a turbine inlet-side housing 36 forming an inlet 24 for the heat medium in the turbine 8 and a turbine exhaust chamber housing 38 forming an outlet for the heat medium in the turbine 8, i.e., exhaust chamber outlets 26A and 26B.

[0036] In the following description, unless otherwise stated, "axial" refers to the axial direction of turbine 8 (the axial direction of turbine rotor 32), "radial" refers to the radial direction of turbine 8 (the radial direction of turbine rotor 32), and "circumferential" refers to the circumferential direction of turbine 8 (the circumferential direction of turbine rotor 32). Additionally, unless otherwise stated, "upper" refers to the vertical direction above, and "lower" refers to the vertical direction below.

[0037] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the heat medium circulation line 3A includes a pipe 3Aa connecting the evaporator 6A to the turbine 8, a pipe 3Ab connecting the turbine 8 to the condenser 12A, and a pipe 3Ac connecting the condenser 12A to the evaporator 6A. Figure 3 As shown, the piping 3Ab includes an inclined piping section 20A that extends downwards as it moves toward the radially outward side.

[0038] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the heat medium circulation pipeline 3B includes piping 3Ba connecting the evaporator 6B and the turbine 8, piping 3Bb connecting the turbine 8 and the condenser 12B, and piping 3Bc connecting the condenser 12A and the evaporator 6B. Figure 3 As shown, pipe 3Bb includes an inclined pipe section 20B extending downwards in a manner that is directed toward the radially outward side. Pipe 3Aa is connected to pipe 3Ba, and as described above, the hot medium discharged from evaporator 6A to pipe 3Aa and the hot medium discharged from evaporator 6B to pipe 3Ba are combined and supplied to turbine 8.

[0039] exist Figure 2 In the example shown, pipe 3Ab connects the exhaust chamber outlet 26A of turbine 8 to the heat medium inlet 62 (first heat medium inlet) formed on the upper part of the end face 60 on one side of condenser 12A in the axial direction. Pipe 3Bb connects the exhaust chamber outlet 26B of turbine 8 to the heat medium inlet 62 (second heat medium inlet) formed on the upper part of the end face 60 on one side of condenser 12B in the axial direction. Pipe 3Ac connects the heat medium outlet 68 formed on the lower part of the end face 60 on one side of condenser 12A to the heat medium inlet 70 of evaporator 6A. Pipe 3Bc connects the heat medium outlet 68 formed on the lower part of the end face 60 on one side of condenser 12B to the heat medium inlet 70 of evaporator 6B. Pipes 3Ab and 3Bb constitute a piping system 15 connecting turbine exhaust chamber 40 to multiple condensers 12A and 12B.

[0040] exist Figure 2 In the example shown, condensers 12A and 12B are plate heat exchangers, and in the illustrated example, they have multiple plates 16 arranged at intervals along the axial direction. The multiple plates 16 of condenser 12A are each formed into a flat plate along a plane orthogonal to the axial direction. The internal space of condenser 12A is divided into multiple axially arranged spatial sections by the multiple plates 16 along the axial direction. The heat medium supplied from pipe 3Ab and the piping not shown (consisting of...) Figure 1 Cooling water supplied by the cooling water pipe 5A is supplied to the adjacent space separated by the plate 16, thereby condensing the high-temperature heat medium and the low-temperature cooling water through heat exchange. The multiple plates 16 of the condenser 12B are formed as flat plates along a plane orthogonal to the axial direction. The internal space of the condenser 12B is divided into multiple axially arranged spaces by the multiple plates 16. The heat medium supplied from the pipe 3Bb and the pipe (not shown) constitute... Figure 1 The cooling water supplied by the cooling water pipeline 5B is supplied to the adjacent space separated by the plate 16, thereby exchanging heat between the high-temperature heat medium and the low-temperature cooling water, causing the heat medium to condense.

[0041] Figure 4 It means Figure 2A schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a section orthogonal to the axial direction of the turbine exhaust chamber housing 38 shown.

[0042] like Figure 4 As shown, the turbine exhaust chamber housing 38 forms an inner section for the passage of the final stage, i.e., the second stage 29, of the turbine 8 (see reference). Figure 2 The hot medium flows into the annular turbine exhaust chamber 40 through the moving blades 31. The turbine exhaust chamber housing 38 includes an annular outer peripheral wall 38a and an annular inner peripheral wall 38b located radially inside the outer peripheral wall 38a, forming the turbine exhaust chamber 40 between the radially arranged outer peripheral wall 38a and inner peripheral wall 38b. The outer peripheral wall 38a and inner peripheral wall 38b are connected axially on the side opposite to the turbine inlet side housing 36.

[0043] like Figure 4 As shown, a plurality of exhaust chamber outlets (two exhaust chamber outlets 26A and 26B in the illustrated example) are formed on the outer peripheral wall 38a of the turbine exhaust chamber housing 38 for discharging the hot medium from the turbine exhaust chamber 40 toward the radially outward side. Figure 4 As shown, a plurality of flange portions (two flange portions 25A and 25B in the illustrated example) are formed on the outer peripheral wall 38a of the turbine exhaust chamber housing 38. An exhaust chamber outlet 26A (exhaust chamber first outlet) is formed on the central axis of the annular flange portion 25A, and an exhaust chamber outlet 26B (exhaust chamber second outlet) is formed on the central axis of the annular flange portion 25B.

[0044] The flange 44A of the inclined piping section 20A formed in the piping 3Ab is connected to the flange 25A by a plurality of bolts 42. The hot medium flowing from the turbine exhaust chamber 40 through the exhaust chamber outlet 26A into the hot medium circulation pipeline 3A through the inclined piping section 20A is directed to the condenser 12A (see reference) via the piping 3Ab. Figure 3 (etc.) supply.

[0045] The flange 44B of the inclined piping section 20B formed in the piping 3Bb is connected to the flange 25B by a plurality of bolts 42. The hot medium flowing from the turbine exhaust chamber 40 through the exhaust chamber outlet 26B into the hot medium circulation pipeline 3B in the inclined piping section 20B is directed through the piping 3Bb to the condenser 12B (see reference). Figure 3 (etc.) supply.

[0046] exist Figure 4In the illustrated embodiment, the upper end 26Aa of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A is located below the rotation axis O (hereinafter referred to simply as "rotation axis O") of the turbine rotor 32, and the lower end 26Ab of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A is located below the rotation axis O. Similarly, the upper end 26Ba of the exhaust chamber outlet 26B is located below the rotation axis O, and the lower end 26Bb of the exhaust chamber outlet 26B is located below the rotation axis O. Furthermore, the upper end 26Aa of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A is the upper end of the inner periphery of the surface of the flange portion 25A facing the adjacent flange portion 44A, and the lower end 26Ab of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A is the lower end of the inner periphery of the surface of the flange portion 25A facing the adjacent flange portion 44A. In addition, the upper end 26Ba of the exhaust chamber outlet 26B is the upper end of the inner periphery of the surface of the flange portion 25B facing the adjacent flange portion 44B, and the lower end 26Bb of the exhaust chamber outlet 26B is the lower end of the inner periphery of the surface of the flange portion 25B facing the adjacent flange portion 44B.

[0047] exist Figure 4 In the illustrated configuration, exhaust chamber outlet 26A is located lower than the rotation axis O and on one side relative to the vertical plane H (hereinafter referred to as "vertical plane H") containing the rotation axis O, while exhaust chamber outlet 26B is located lower than the rotation axis O and on the other side (opposite to exhaust chamber outlet 26A) relative to the vertical plane H. That is, exhaust chamber outlets 26A and 26B are located lower than the rotation axis O, with exhaust chamber outlet 26B located on the opposite side of exhaust chamber outlet 26A across the vertical plane H. In the illustrated example, the turbine exhaust chamber housing 38 has a shape symmetrical with respect to the vertical plane H, and exhaust chamber outlets 26A and 26B are symmetrically arranged with respect to the vertical plane H.

[0048] In addition, such as Figure 4 As shown, in a section orthogonal to the rotation axis O, the bottom surface 50 of the turbine exhaust chamber 40 includes a connecting line 52 connecting the lower end 26Ab of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A to the lower end 26Bb of the exhaust chamber outlet 26B. The connecting line 52 includes a first connecting line portion 52A connecting the midpoint P0 of the connecting line 52 to the lower end 26Ab of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A, and a second connecting line portion 52B connecting the midpoint P0 of the connecting line 52 to the lower end 26Bb of the exhaust chamber outlet 26B. Furthermore, the bottom surface 50 of the turbine exhaust chamber 40 refers to the surface of the inner peripheral wall 38b opposite to the outer peripheral wall 38a. Here, if the highest position in the first connecting line portion 52A is defined as the first position P1, and the highest position in the second connecting line portion 52B is defined as the second position P2, then the first position P1 and the second position P2 are respectively located below the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32. Additionally, the highest position in the connecting line 52 (in...) Figure 4In the example shown, the first position P1 and the second position P2 are located below the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32. It should be noted that the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32 refers to the moving blades 31 of the turbine rotor 32 when the turbine rotor 32 rotates (see reference). Figure 2 The circular trajectory followed by the front end of ) Figure 4 The lower end of the circle marked by the dashed line in the diagram. Additionally, the front end of the moving blade 31 refers to the outermost end of the moving blade 31 in the radial direction.

[0049] Here, the effects of the above-described implementation method will be explained.

[0050] In the turbine exhaust chamber housing 38 described above, multiple exhaust chamber outlets 26A and 26B are formed for discharging the hot medium from the turbine exhaust chamber 40 radially outward. Therefore, it is unnecessary for the piping 3Ab supplying the hot medium from exhaust chamber outlet 26A to condenser 12A and the piping 3Bb supplying the hot medium from exhaust chamber outlet 26B to condenser 12B to branch midway. Therefore, even when multiple condensers 12A and 12B are provided downstream of the turbine 8, it is possible to suppress the enlargement of the piping system 15 connecting the turbine exhaust chamber 40 to the multiple condensers 12A and 12B, and to suppress the increase in pressure loss in the piping system 15.

[0051] Furthermore, in the organic Rankine cycle system 2, the heat transfer medium passing through the final stage of turbine 8 sometimes becomes a two-phase flow containing both gas and liquid phases, such as... Figure 5 As shown, condensate deposits K sometimes form at the bottom of the turbine exhaust chamber 40.

[0052] Regarding this point, according to the turbine exhaust chamber housing 38 described above, the lower ends 26Ab and 26Bb of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A are located below the rotation axis O. Therefore, compared to the case where the lower ends 26Ab and 26Bb of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A are located above the rotation axis O, the risk of the turbine rotor 32 being largely immersed in the accumulated liquid K can be reduced. Thus, the increase in liquid mixing losses caused by the turbine rotor 32 mixing with the accumulated liquid K during turbine rotor rotation can be suppressed, and the robustness of turbine performance relative to moisture can be improved.

[0053] Furthermore, since the upper ends 26Aa and 26Ba of exhaust chamber outlet 26A and exhaust chamber outlet 26B are located above the rotation axis O, the risk of the turbine rotor 32 being largely immersed in the accumulated liquid K is reduced compared to the case where the upper ends 26Aa and 26Ba of exhaust chamber outlet 26B are located below the rotation axis O. Therefore, the increase in the aforementioned liquid mixing losses can be suppressed, and the robustness of turbine performance relative to moisture can be improved.

[0054] Furthermore, the lower ends 26Ab and 26Bb of exhaust chamber outlet 26A and exhaust chamber outlet 26B are located below the lower end 54 of turbine rotor 32. Therefore, compared to the case where the lower ends 26Ab and 26Bb of exhaust chamber outlet 26A and exhaust chamber outlet 26B are located above the lower end 54 of turbine rotor 32, the possibility of the lower end 54 of turbine rotor 32 being immersed in liquid K can be reduced (see reference). Figure 6 Therefore, it is possible to suppress the increase of the aforementioned liquid mixing losses and improve the robustness of turbine performance relative to moisture content.

[0055] Furthermore, at least one of the aforementioned first position P1 and second position P2 is located below the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32, thereby geometrically preventing the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32 from being immersed in the accumulated liquid K while the hot medium is being discharged from the exhaust chamber outlets 26A and 26B (see reference). Figure 6 Therefore, it is possible to suppress the aforementioned liquid mixing losses and improve the robustness of turbine performance relative to moisture content.

[0056] Furthermore, even in the case where the heat medium cannot be discharged from either exhaust chamber outlet 26A or exhaust chamber outlet 26B (when one of the condensers 12A and 12B is not operating), by positioning both the first position P1 and the second position P2 below the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32 (i.e., the highest position in the connecting line 52 is below the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32), it is geometrically possible to prevent the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32 from being immersed in the accumulated liquid K (see reference). Figure 6 Therefore, it is possible to suppress the aforementioned liquid mixing losses and improve the robustness of turbine performance relative to moisture content.

[0057] Figure 7 This is a schematic representation of the view from a horizontal direction orthogonal to the axis of turbine 8. Figure 1 A diagram showing a modified example of the layout of each structure in a partial case of the organic Rankine cycle system 2. Figure 8 It means Figure 7 A schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a section orthogonal to the axial direction of the turbine exhaust chamber housing 38 shown.

[0058] exist Figure 7 and Figure 8 In the structure shown, with the use Figures 2-5 Unless otherwise specified, labels with the same structure as those used in the description indicate that they are identical to those used in the description. Figures 2-5 Structures shown are identical, so descriptions are omitted. When using... Figures 2-5In the turbine exhaust chamber housing 38 described above, two exhaust chamber outlets 26A and 26 are formed for discharging the hot medium from the turbine exhaust chamber 40 toward the radially outward side. In contrast, Figure 7 and Figure 8 The turbine exhaust chamber housing 38 shown is similar in that it has four exhaust chamber outlets 26A, 26B, 26C, and 26D for discharging the hot medium from the turbine exhaust chamber 40 toward the radially outward side. Figures 2-5 The turbine exhaust chamber housing 38 shown is different. Additionally, in Figure 2 In the structure shown, heat medium is supplied to condensers 12A and 12B from one side of the axial direction, respectively. Conversely, Figure 7 The structure shown is similar to the one that supplies heat medium to condensers 12A and 12B from both sides of the axial direction. Figure 2 The structures shown are different.

[0059] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the heat medium circulation pipeline 3A includes pipe 3Ab (first pipe on the lower side of the exhaust chamber) and pipe 3Ad (first pipe on the upper side of the exhaust chamber) as piping for supplying heat medium from turbine 8 to condenser 12A. Pipe 3Ab connects the exhaust chamber outlet 26A of turbine 8 to the end face 60 formed on one side of axially oriented condenser 12A (see reference). Figure 7 The heat medium inlet 62 (first heat medium inlet) is connected to the turbine 8. Pipe 3Ad connects the turbine 8 exhaust chamber outlet 26C to the end face 64 (see reference) on the other side of the axially formed condenser 12A. Figure 7 Connect the heat medium inlet 66 (third heat medium inlet).

[0060] Additionally, the heat medium circulation line 3B includes pipe 3Bb (second pipe below the exhaust chamber) and pipe 3Bd (second pipe above the exhaust chamber) as piping for supplying heat medium from turbine 8 to condenser 12B. Pipe 3Bb connects the exhaust chamber outlet 26B of turbine 8 to the end face 60 formed on one side of condenser 12B in the axial direction (see reference). Figure 7 The heat medium inlet 62 (second heat medium inlet) of the turbine 8 is connected. Pipe 3Bd connects the exhaust chamber outlet 26D of the turbine 8 to the end face 64 (see reference) on the other side of the axially formed condenser 12B. Figure 7 The heat medium inlet 66 (fourth heat medium inlet) is connected. Figure 7 and Figure 8 In the embodiments shown, pipes 3Ab, 3Bb, 3Ad, and 3Bd constitute a piping system 15 that connects the turbine exhaust chamber 40 to multiple condensers 12A and 12B.

[0061] exist Figure 8In the cross-section shown, exhaust chamber outlet 26A (first exhaust chamber outlet) is located below the rotation axis O and on one side relative to the vertical plane H containing the rotation axis O. Exhaust chamber outlet 26B (second exhaust chamber outlet) is located below the rotation axis O and on the other side relative to the vertical plane H. Exhaust chamber outlet 26C (third exhaust chamber outlet) is located above the rotation axis O and on the same side relative to the vertical plane H (the same side as exhaust chamber outlet 26A). Exhaust chamber outlet 26D (fourth exhaust chamber outlet) is located above the rotation axis O and on the other side relative to the vertical plane H (the same side as exhaust chamber outlet 26B). In the illustrated example, the turbine exhaust chamber housing 38 has a shape symmetrical with respect to the vertical plane H, exhaust chamber outlets 26A and 26B are symmetrically arranged with respect to the vertical plane H, and exhaust chamber outlets 26C and 26D are symmetrically arranged with respect to the vertical plane H.

[0062] exist Figure 8 In the illustrated embodiment, four flanges 25A, 25B, 25C, and 25D are formed on the outer peripheral wall 38a of the turbine exhaust chamber housing 38. An exhaust chamber outlet 26A is formed on the central axis of the annular flange 25A, an exhaust chamber outlet 26B is formed on the central axis of the annular flange 25B, an exhaust chamber outlet 26C is formed on the central axis of the annular flange 25C, and an exhaust chamber outlet 26D is formed on the central axis of the annular flange 25D. Figure 8 As shown, pipe 3Ab includes an inclined pipe section 20A extending radially downwards as the distance from the vertical plane H increases. Pipe 3Bb includes an inclined pipe section 20B extending radially downwards as the distance from the vertical plane H increases. Pipe 3Ad includes an inclined pipe section 20C extending radially upwards as the distance from the vertical plane H increases. Pipe 3Bd includes an inclined pipe section 20D extending radially upwards as the distance from the vertical plane H increases.

[0063] The flange 44A of the inclined piping section 20A formed in the piping 3Ab is connected to the flange 25A by a plurality of bolts 42. The hot medium flowing from the turbine exhaust chamber 40 through the exhaust chamber outlet 26A into the hot medium circulation pipeline 3A through the inclined piping section 20A is directed through the piping 3Ab to the hot medium inlet 62 of the condenser 12A (see reference). Figure 7 (etc.) supply.

[0064] The flange 44B formed in the inclined piping section 20B of piping 3Bb is connected to the flange 25B by multiple bolts 42. The hot medium flowing from the turbine exhaust chamber 40 through the exhaust chamber outlet 26B into the hot medium circulation pipeline 3B through the inclined piping section 20B of piping 3Bb is directed through piping 3Bb to the hot medium inlet 62 of the condenser 12B (see reference). Figure 7 (etc.) supply.

[0065] The flange 44C formed in the inclined piping section 20C of piping 3Ad is connected to the flange 25C by multiple bolts 42. The hot medium flowing from the turbine exhaust chamber 40 through the exhaust chamber outlet 26C into the hot medium circulation pipeline 3B through the inclined piping section 20C of piping 3Ad is directed to the hot medium inlet 66 of the condenser 12A (see reference). Figure 7 (etc.) supply.

[0066] A flange portion 44D, which is formed in the pipe 3Bd, is connected to the flange portion 25D by multiple bolts 42. The hot medium flowing from the turbine exhaust chamber 40 through the exhaust chamber outlet 26D into the hot medium circulation pipeline 3B through the pipe 3Bd of the inclined pipe portion 20D, flows through the pipe 3Bd to the hot medium inlet 66 of the condenser 12B (see reference). Figure 7 (etc.) supply.

[0067] exist Figure 8 In the illustrated configuration, the upper end 26Aa of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A is also located below the rotation axis O, and the lower end 26Ab of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A is also located below the rotation axis O. Furthermore, the upper end 26Ba of the exhaust chamber outlet 26B is located below the rotation axis O, and the lower end 26Bb of the exhaust chamber outlet 26B is located below the rotation axis O.

[0068] In addition, such as Figure 8As shown, in a section orthogonal to the axis of rotation O, the bottom surface 50 of the turbine exhaust chamber 40 includes a connecting line 52 connecting the lower end 26Ab of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A to the lower end 26Bb of the exhaust chamber outlet 26B. The connecting line 52 includes a first connecting line portion 52A connecting the midpoint P0 of the connecting line 52 to the lower end 26Ab of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A, and a second connecting line portion 52B connecting the midpoint P0 of the connecting line 52 to the lower end 26Bb of the exhaust chamber outlet 26B. Here, if the highest position in the first connecting line portion 52A is defined as the first position P1, and the highest position in the second connecting line portion 52B is defined as the second position P2, then the first position P1 and the second position P2 are respectively located below the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32. Here, if the highest position in the first connecting line portion 52A covers a predetermined range, the portion of the first connecting line portion 52A belonging to that predetermined range may also be located below the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32. Furthermore, if the highest position in the second connecting line portion 52B covers a predetermined range, the portion of the second connecting line portion 52B that falls within that predetermined range may also be located below the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32.

[0069] according to Figure 7 and Figure 8 The embodiments shown, in addition to using Figures 1-5 In addition to the effects of the embodiments described above, even if one of the condensers 12A and 12B stops operating, the turbine 8 can continue to operate, and the risk of the turbine rotor 32 becoming immersed in condensate is reduced, thus suppressing the increase of the aforementioned liquid mixing loss. Figure 9 The effects are illustrated by comparing the embodiments shown.

[0070] like Figure 9 As shown, assuming that pipe 3Ab connected to exhaust chamber outlet 26A and pipe 3Bb connected to exhaust chamber outlet 26B are connected to condenser 12A, and pipe 3Ad connected to exhaust chamber outlet 26C and pipe 3Bd connected to exhaust chamber outlet 26D are connected to condenser 12B, when only condenser 12A in condenser 12A and condenser 12B stops operating, the hot medium is no longer discharged from exhaust chamber outlets 26A and 26B. The liquid level of the condensate in turbine exhaust chamber 40 rises, and turbine rotor 32 is immersed in the condensate. Therefore, the aforementioned liquid mixing loss increases, and turbine performance decreases.

[0071] In contrast, according to Figure 7 and Figure 8In the illustrated embodiment, for example, even if the operation of condenser 12A stops and the hot medium cannot be discharged from exhaust chamber outlets 26A and 26C, but the operation of condenser 12B continues and the hot medium can be discharged from exhaust chamber outlets 26B and 26D, the condensate at the bottom of turbine exhaust chamber 40 is also discharged from exhaust chamber outlet 26B. Furthermore, for example, even if the operation of condenser 12B stops and the hot medium cannot be discharged from exhaust chamber outlets 26B and 26D, but the operation of condenser 12A continues and the hot medium can be discharged from exhaust chamber outlets 26A and 26C, the condensate at the bottom of turbine exhaust chamber is also discharged from exhaust chamber outlet 26A. Therefore, even if one of condenser 12A and condenser 12B stops operating, the turbine 8 can continue operating and the increase in the aforementioned liquid mixing loss can be suppressed. Therefore, the robustness of turbine performance relative to moisture content can be improved.

[0072] This disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but also includes modifications to the above-described embodiments and appropriate combinations of these embodiments.

[0073] For example, the aforementioned organic Rankine cycle system 2 can also be an airtight, gearless, and oilless system that uses oil-free magnetic bearings in the turbine bearings and various seals. This allows for compact design, and by eliminating the use of oil, the exhaust gas from the turbine 8 remains in a single-phase state under rated conditions, thus eliminating the aforementioned liquid mixing losses.

[0074] Additionally, for example, in the embodiments described above, exhaust chamber outlets 26A and 26B are symmetrically arranged with respect to the vertical plane H, but exhaust chamber outlets 26A and 26B may not be symmetrical with respect to the vertical plane H. For example, in the embodiments described above, one of the lower end 26Ab of exhaust chamber outlet 26A and the lower end 26Bb of exhaust chamber outlet 26B may be located below the rotation axis O, and the other of the lower end 26Ab of exhaust chamber outlet 26A and the lower end 26Bb of exhaust chamber outlet 26B may be located above the rotation axis O. Alternatively, one of the upper end 26Aa of exhaust chamber outlet 26A and the upper end 26Ba of exhaust chamber outlet 26B may be located below the rotation axis O, and the other of the upper end 26Aa of exhaust chamber outlet 26A and the upper end 26Ba of exhaust chamber outlet 26B may be located above the rotation axis O. Alternatively, one of the lower end 26Ab of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A and the lower end 26Bb of the exhaust chamber outlet 26B may be located below the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32, while the other of the lower end 26Ab of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A and the lower end 26Bb of the exhaust chamber outlet 26B may be located above the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32.

[0075] Furthermore, in the above embodiments, the heights of the highest position in the first connecting line portion 52A, i.e., the first position P1, and the highest position in the second connecting line portion 52B, i.e., the second position P2, may be different. For example, one of the first position P1 and the second position P2 may be located below the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32, and the other of the first position P1 and the second position P2 may be located above the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32.

[0076] Furthermore, in the embodiments described above, an organic Rankine cycle system 2 equipped with two evaporators 6A and 6B is illustrated, but the organic Rankine cycle system 2 may also have only one evaporator. For example, in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 Alternatively, the piping can be configured such that the condensates condensed by condensers 12A and 12B are combined and supplied to a single evaporator. In this case, the number of pumps used to pressurize the condensates condensed by condensers 12A and 12B and supply them to the evaporator can also be one.

[0077] In addition, Figure 2 and Figure 7 In the embodiments shown, a turbine 8 having a first stage 28 and a second stage 29 is illustrated, but the number of stages of the turbine 8 is not limited; it may have only one stage or more than three stages.

[0078] The contents described in the above embodiments are as follows.

[0079] [1] The turbine exhaust chamber housing of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure (e.g., the turbine exhaust chamber housing 38 described above), In the turbine exhaust chamber housing, which forms the turbine exhaust chamber (e.g., the turbine exhaust chamber 40 described above) through which the hot medium flows into the moving blades of the final stage of the turbine (e.g., the moving blades 31 of the second stage 29 described above), a plurality of exhaust chamber outlets (e.g., exhaust chamber outlets 26A, 26B, 26C, 26D described above) are formed for discharging the hot medium from the turbine exhaust chamber toward the outer side of the turbine rotor in a radial direction.

[0080] According to the turbine exhaust chamber housing described above [1], since multiple exhaust chamber outlets are formed for discharging the heat medium from the turbine exhaust chamber toward the outer radial direction of the turbine rotor, it is not necessary to branch the piping supplying the heat medium from the exhaust chamber outlets to the condensers when supplying the heat medium from the turbine exhaust chamber to multiple condensers. Therefore, even when multiple condensers are provided on the downstream side of the turbine, it is possible to suppress the enlargement of the piping system connecting the turbine exhaust chamber to the multiple condensers and suppress the increase in pressure loss in the piping system.

[0081] [2] In several embodiments, in the turbine exhaust chamber housing described in [1] above, It has multiple flange portions (e.g., the flange portions 25A, 25B, 25C, and 25D described above) that respectively form the outlets of the plurality of exhaust chambers.

[0082] According to the turbine exhaust chamber housing described above [2], even if multiple condensers are installed on the downstream side of the turbine, it is not necessary to branch the piping (the piping that supplies heat medium from the exhaust chamber outlet to the condenser) connected to the flange. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the enlargement of the piping system that connects the turbine exhaust chamber to multiple condensers and suppress the increase of pressure loss in the piping system.

[0083] [3] In several embodiments, in the turbine exhaust chamber housing described in [1] or [2] above, The lower end (e.g., the lower ends 26Ab and 26Bb) of at least one of the plurality of exhaust chamber outlets (e.g., exhaust chamber outlets 26A and 26B as described above) is located below the rotation axis (e.g., rotation axis O as described above) of the turbine rotor.

[0084] When the heat medium passing through the turbine rotor is a two-phase flow containing gas and liquid, liquid may sometimes accumulate at the bottom of the turbine exhaust chamber.

[0085] Regarding this point, according to the turbine exhaust chamber housing described above [3], the lower end of at least one of the multiple exhaust chamber outlets is located below the rotation axis of the turbine rotor, thus reducing the risk of the turbine rotor being largely immersed in liquid. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the increase in liquid mixing losses caused by the turbine rotor mixing liquid during turbine rotor rotation, thereby improving the robustness of turbine performance relative to moisture.

[0086] [4] In several embodiments, in the turbine exhaust chamber housing described in any one of [1] to [3] above, The upper end (e.g., the upper end 26Aa, 26Ba) of at least one of the plurality of exhaust chamber outlets (e.g., exhaust chamber outlets 26A, 26B as described above) is located below the rotation axis of the turbine rotor of the turbine.

[0087] When the heat medium passing through the turbine rotor is a two-phase flow containing gas and liquid, liquid may sometimes accumulate at the bottom of the turbine exhaust chamber.

[0088] Regarding this point, the turbine exhaust chamber housing described above [4] reduces the risk of the turbine rotor being largely immersed in liquid compared to the turbine exhaust chamber housing described above [3]. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the increase in liquid mixing losses caused by the turbine rotor mixing with liquid during turbine rotor rotation, thereby improving the robustness of turbine performance relative to moisture content.

[0089] [5] In several embodiments, in the turbine exhaust chamber housing described in any one of [1] to [4] above, The lower end (e.g., the lower ends 26Ab and 26Bb) of at least one of the plurality of exhaust chamber outlets (e.g., exhaust chamber outlets 26A and 26B as described above) is located below the lower end (e.g., the lower end 54 as described above) of the turbine rotor of the turbine.

[0090] When the heat medium passing through the turbine rotor is a two-phase flow containing gas and liquid, liquid may sometimes accumulate at the bottom of the turbine exhaust chamber.

[0091] Regarding this, the turbine exhaust chamber housing described above [5] can reduce the risk of liquid immersion at the lower end of the turbine rotor. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the increase in liquid mixing losses caused by the turbine rotor mixing liquid during turbine rotor rotation, thereby improving the robustness of turbine performance relative to moisture.

[0092] [6] In several embodiments, in the turbine exhaust chamber housing described in any one of [1] to [5] above, The plurality of exhaust chamber outlets include: a first exhaust chamber outlet (e.g., exhaust chamber outlet 26A as described above), located below the rotation axis of the turbine rotor (e.g., rotation axis O as described above) and on one side relative to the vertical plane containing the rotation axis (e.g., vertical plane H as described above); and a second exhaust chamber outlet (e.g., exhaust chamber outlet 26B as described above), located below the rotation axis and on the opposite side of the vertical plane containing the rotation axis from the first exhaust chamber outlet. In a section orthogonal to the axis of rotation, the bottom surface of the turbine exhaust chamber includes a connecting line (e.g., the connecting line 52 described above) that connects the lower end of the first outlet of the exhaust chamber (e.g., the lower end 26Ab described above) to the lower end of the second outlet of the exhaust chamber (e.g., the lower end 26Bb described above). In a section orthogonal to the axis of rotation, the connecting line includes a first connecting line portion (e.g., the first connecting line portion 52A described above) connecting the midpoint of the connecting line (e.g., the midpoint P0 described above) to the lower end of the first outlet of the exhaust chamber, and a second connecting line portion (e.g., the second connecting line portion 52B described above) connecting the midpoint of the connecting line to the lower end of the second outlet of the exhaust chamber. If the highest position in the first connecting line portion is defined as the first position (e.g., the first position P1 mentioned above), and the highest position in the second connecting line portion is defined as the second position (e.g., the second position P2 mentioned above), then at least one of the first position and the second position is located below the lower end of the turbine rotor (e.g., the lower end 54 mentioned above).

[0093] When the heat medium passing through the turbine rotor is a two-phase flow containing gas and liquid, liquid may sometimes accumulate at the bottom of the turbine exhaust chamber. In addition, when the heat medium is discharged from the first outlet and the second outlet of the exhaust chamber, liquid accumulates in the turbine exhaust chamber only at the lower of the first and second positions (these positions are when the first and second positions are at the same height).

[0094] Therefore, as described above [6], at least one of the first and second positions is located below the lower end of the turbine rotor, thereby geometrically preventing the lower end of the turbine rotor from being immersed in liquid while the hot medium is being discharged from the first and second outlets of the exhaust chamber. Thus, liquid mixing losses caused by the turbine rotor mixing with liquid during turbine rotor rotation can be suppressed, thereby improving the robustness of turbine performance relative to moisture content.

[0095] [7] In several embodiments, in the turbine exhaust chamber housing described in any one of [1] to [6] above, The plurality of exhaust chamber outlets include: a first exhaust chamber outlet (e.g., exhaust chamber outlet 26A as described above), located below the rotation axis of the turbine rotor (e.g., rotation axis O as described above) and on one side relative to the vertical plane containing the rotation axis (e.g., vertical plane H as described above); and a second exhaust chamber outlet (e.g., exhaust chamber outlet 26B as described above), located below the rotation axis and on the opposite side of the vertical plane containing the rotation axis from the first exhaust chamber outlet. In a cross section orthogonal to the axis of rotation, the bottom surface of the turbine exhaust chamber (e.g., the bottom surface 50 described above) includes a connecting line (e.g., the connecting line 52 described above) connecting the first outlet of the exhaust chamber and the second outlet of the exhaust chamber. The highest position of the connecting line (e.g., position P1 and position P2 described above) is located below the lower end of the turbine rotor (e.g., the lower end 54 described above).

[0096] When the heat medium passing through the turbine rotor is a two-phase flow containing gas and liquid, liquid may sometimes accumulate at the bottom of the turbine exhaust chamber.

[0097] Regarding this, according to the turbine exhaust chamber housing described above [7], the highest point in the connecting line is located below the lower end of the turbine rotor. Therefore, even in a state where the hot medium cannot be discharged from either the first outlet or the second outlet of the exhaust chamber (e.g., when one of the two condensers located on the downstream side of the turbine is not operating), it is geometrically possible to prevent the lower end of the turbine rotor from being immersed in liquid. Thus, it is possible to suppress the liquid mixing loss caused by the turbine rotor mixing liquid during turbine rotor rotation, thereby improving the robustness of turbine performance relative to moisture content.

[0098] [8] In several embodiments, in the turbine exhaust chamber housing described in any one of [1] to [7] above, The plurality of exhaust chamber outlets include: a first exhaust chamber outlet (e.g., exhaust chamber outlet 26A as described above), located lower than the rotation axis of the turbine rotor (e.g., rotation axis O as described above) and on one side relative to the vertical plane containing the rotation axis (e.g., vertical plane H as described above); and a second exhaust chamber outlet (e.g., exhaust chamber outlet 26B as described above), located lower than the rotation axis and on the opposite side of the vertical plane containing the rotation axis from the first exhaust chamber outlet. The first outlet and the second outlet of the exhaust chamber are symmetrically arranged with respect to the vertical plane containing the axis of rotation.

[0099] According to the turbine exhaust chamber housing described above [8], the generation of asymmetric flow within the turbine can be suppressed, and the risk of the turbine rotor being mostly immersed in liquid can be reduced, thereby suppressing the increase in liquid mixing losses caused by the turbine rotor mixing with liquid. Therefore, the robustness of turbine performance relative to moisture content can be improved.

[0100] [9] In several embodiments, in the turbine exhaust chamber housing described in any one of [1] to [8] above, The plurality of exhaust chamber outlets include: a first exhaust chamber outlet (e.g., exhaust chamber outlet 26A as described above), located below the rotation axis of the turbine rotor (e.g., rotation axis O as described above) and on one side relative to the vertical plane containing the rotation axis (e.g., vertical plane H as described above); a second exhaust chamber outlet (e.g., exhaust chamber outlet 26B as described above), located below the rotation axis and on the opposite side relative to the vertical plane containing the rotation axis; a third exhaust chamber outlet (e.g., exhaust chamber outlet 26C as described above), located above the rotation axis and on the opposite side relative to the vertical plane containing the rotation axis; and a fourth exhaust chamber outlet (e.g., exhaust chamber outlet 26D as described above), located above the rotation axis and on the opposite side relative to the vertical plane containing the rotation axis.

[0101] According to the turbine exhaust chamber housing described above [9], the risk of the turbine rotor being largely immersed in liquid can be reduced. Therefore, the increase in liquid mixing losses caused by the turbine rotor mixing liquid during turbine rotor rotation can be suppressed, thereby improving the robustness of turbine performance relative to moisture content.

[0102]

[10] A turbine of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, It includes a turbine rotor (e.g., the turbine rotor 32 described above) and a turbine exhaust chamber housing as described in any one of [1] to [9].

[0103] According to the turbine described above

[10] , since it has the turbine exhaust chamber housing described in any one of [1] to [9], even if multiple condensers are provided on the downstream side of the turbine, it is possible to suppress the enlargement of the piping system that connects the turbine exhaust chamber to the multiple condensers and suppress the increase of pressure loss in the piping system.

[0104]

[11] An organic Rankine cycle system (e.g., the organic Rankine cycle system 2 described above) according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure comprises: At least one evaporator (e.g., evaporators 6A and 6B as described above) is used to evaporate the heat medium of organic matter; The turbine (e.g., turbine 8 as described above) is driven by the heat medium evaporated using the at least one evaporator; Multiple condensers (e.g., condensers 12A and 12B described above) condense the heat medium discharged from the turbine; and At least one pump (e.g., pumps 14A and 14B as described above) pressurizes the heat medium condensed by the plurality of condensers and supplies it to the at least one evaporator. The turbine is the turbine described above

[10] .

[0105] According to the organic Rankine cycle system described above

[11] , it is possible to suppress the enlargement of the piping system that connects the turbine exhaust chamber to multiple condensers and to suppress the increase in pressure loss in the piping system.

[0106]

[12] In some embodiments, in the organic Rankine cycle system described above

[11] , The plurality of exhaust chamber outlets include: a first exhaust chamber outlet (e.g., exhaust chamber outlet 26A as described above), located lower than the rotation axis of the turbine rotor (e.g., rotation axis O as described above) and on one side relative to the vertical plane containing the rotation axis (e.g., vertical plane H as described above); and a second exhaust chamber outlet (e.g., exhaust chamber outlet 26B as described above), located lower than the rotation axis and on the opposite side of the vertical plane containing the rotation axis from the first exhaust chamber outlet. The plurality of condensers includes a first condenser (e.g., condenser 12A described above) and a second condenser (e.g., condenser 12B described above). The organic Rankine cycle system further includes a first pipe (e.g., pipe 3Ab described above) on the lower side of the exhaust chamber for supplying the heat medium from the first outlet of the exhaust chamber to the first condenser, and a second pipe (e.g., pipe 3Bb described above) on the lower side of the exhaust chamber for supplying the heat medium from the second outlet of the exhaust chamber to the second condenser.

[0107] According to the organic Rankine cycle system described above

[12] , even in a state where the heat medium cannot be discharged from either the first outlet or the second outlet of the exhaust chamber (e.g., when either the first condenser or the second condenser is shut down), the risk of the turbine rotor being mostly immersed in liquid can be reduced, and the increase in liquid mixing losses caused by the turbine rotor mixing with liquid can be suppressed. Therefore, the robustness of turbine performance relative to moisture content can be improved.

[0108]

[13] In some embodiments, in the organic Rankine cycle system described above

[11] , The plurality of exhaust chamber outlets include: a first exhaust chamber outlet (e.g., exhaust chamber outlet 26A as described above), located lower than the rotation axis of the turbine rotor (e.g., rotation axis O as described above) and on one side relative to the vertical plane containing the rotation axis (e.g., vertical plane H as described above); a second exhaust chamber outlet (e.g., exhaust chamber outlet 26B as described above), located lower than the rotation axis and on the opposite side relative to the vertical plane containing the rotation axis from the first exhaust chamber outlet; a third exhaust chamber outlet (e.g., exhaust chamber outlet 26C as described above), located upper than the rotation axis and on the opposite side relative to the vertical plane containing the rotation axis; and a fourth exhaust chamber outlet (e.g., exhaust chamber outlet 26D as described above), located upper than the rotation axis and on the opposite side relative to the vertical plane containing the rotation axis from the third exhaust chamber outlet. The plurality of condensers includes a first condenser (e.g., condenser 12A described above) and a second condenser (e.g., condenser 12B described above). The organic Rankine cycle system further comprises: a first pipe on the lower side of the exhaust chamber (e.g., pipe 3Ab as described above), supplying the heat medium from the first outlet of the exhaust chamber to the first condenser; a first pipe on the upper side of the exhaust chamber (e.g., pipe 3Ad as described above), supplying the heat medium from the third outlet of the exhaust chamber to the first condenser; a second pipe on the lower side of the exhaust chamber (e.g., pipe 3Bb as described above), supplying the heat medium from the second outlet of the exhaust chamber to the second condenser; and a second pipe on the upper side of the exhaust chamber (e.g., pipe 3Bd as described above), supplying the heat medium from the fourth outlet of the exhaust chamber to the second condenser.

[0109] According to the organic Rankine cycle system described above

[13] , even if the operation of the first condenser stops and the hot medium cannot be discharged from the first and third outlets of the exhaust chamber, but the operation of the second condenser continues and the hot medium can be discharged from the second and fourth outlets of the exhaust chamber, the liquid at the bottom of the turbine exhaust chamber is also discharged from the second outlet of the exhaust chamber. Furthermore, even if the operation of the second condenser stops and the hot medium cannot be discharged from the second and fourth outlets of the exhaust chamber, but the operation of the first condenser continues and the hot medium can be discharged from the first and third outlets of the exhaust chamber, the liquid at the bottom of the turbine exhaust chamber is also discharged from the first outlet of the exhaust chamber. Therefore, even if one of the first and second condensers stops operating, the turbine can continue operating while reducing the risk of the turbine rotor being largely immersed in liquid, thus suppressing the increase in liquid mixing losses caused by the turbine rotor mixing with liquid. Therefore, the robustness of turbine performance relative to moisture content can be improved.

[0110]

[14] In some embodiments, in the organic Rankine cycle system described above

[13] , The first condenser is a plate heat exchanger having a plurality of plates arranged at intervals in a first direction. The second condenser is a plate heat exchanger having a plurality of plates arranged at intervals in a second direction. The first pipe on the lower side of the exhaust chamber is connected to the first inlet of the heat medium (e.g., the heat medium inlet 62 of the condenser 12A) on one side end face of the first condenser in the first direction (e.g., the end face 60 of the condenser 12A). The second pipe on the lower side of the exhaust chamber is connected to the second inlet of the heat medium (e.g., the heat medium inlet 62 of the condenser 12B) on one side end face of the second condenser in the second direction (e.g., the end face 60 of the condenser 12B). The first pipe on the upper side of the exhaust chamber is connected to the third inlet of the heat medium (e.g., the heat medium inlet 66 of the condenser 12A) on the other side end face of the first condenser in the first direction (e.g., the end face 64 of the condenser 12A). The second pipe on the upper side of the exhaust chamber is connected to the fourth inlet of the heat medium (e.g., the heat medium inlet 66 of the condenser 12B) on the other side end face of the second condenser in the second direction (e.g., the end face 64 of the condenser 12B).

[0111] According to the organic Rankine cycle system described above

[14] , it can achieve the effects described above

[13] and can improve the heat exchange efficiency of the first condenser and the second condenser respectively.

[0112] [Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures]

[0113] 2 Organic Rankine Cycle System

[0114] 3A and 3B heat medium circulation pipelines

[0115] 3Aa, 3Ab, 3Ac, 3Ad, 3Ba, 3Bb, 3Bc, 3Bd piping

[0116] 4A and 4B high-temperature fluid pipelines

[0117] 5A and 5B cooling water pipelines

[0118] 6A and 6B evaporators

[0119] 8 turbo

[0120] 10 generators

[0121] 12, 12A, 12B condensers

[0122] 14A and 14B pumps

[0123] 15 Piping System

[0124] 16 boards

[0125] 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D Inclined Piping Sections

[0126] 24 entrances

[0127] Flange portions of 25A, 25B, 25C, 25D, 44A, 44B, 44C, and 44D

[0128] Exhaust chamber outlets of 26, 26A, 26B, 26C, and 26D

[0129] 26Aa, 26Ba upper end

[0130] 26Ab, 26Bb, 54 lower end

[0131] 28 Level 1

[0132] 29 Level 2

[0133] 30 stationary blades

[0134] 31 moving blades

[0135] 32 turbine rotors

[0136] 34 Turbine Housing

[0137] 36 Turbine inlet side casing

[0138] 38 Turbine Exhaust Chamber Housing

[0139] 38a outer peripheral wall

[0140] 38b inner peripheral wall

[0141] 40 Turbine Exhaust Chamber

[0142] 42 bolts

[0143] 50 base

[0144] 52 connecting cable

[0145] 52A First Connecting Line Section

[0146] 52B Second Connecting Line Section

[0147] 60 and 64 end faces

[0148] 62, 66, 70 heat medium inlet

[0149] 68 heat medium outlet

[0150] H vertical plane

[0151] O Rotation axis

[0152] Midpoint of P0

[0153] P1 First Position

[0154] P2, second position.

Claims

1. A turbine exhaust chamber housing, forming a turbine exhaust chamber into which a hot medium flows through the moving blades of the final stage of the turbine, wherein, A plurality of exhaust chamber outlets are formed for discharging the heat medium from the outer radial direction of the turbine exhaust chamber toward the turbine.

2. The turbine exhaust chamber housing according to claim 1, wherein, It has multiple flange portions that respectively form the outlets of the multiple exhaust chambers.

3. The turbine exhaust chamber housing according to claim 1, wherein, The lower end of at least one of the plurality of exhaust chamber outlets is located below the axis of rotation of the turbine rotor.

4. The turbine exhaust chamber housing according to claim 1, wherein, The upper end of at least one of the plurality of exhaust chamber outlets is located below the rotation axis of the turbine rotor.

5. The turbine exhaust chamber housing according to claim 1, wherein, The lower end of at least one of the plurality of exhaust chamber outlets is located below the lower end of the turbine rotor of the turbine.

6. The turbine exhaust chamber housing according to claim 1, wherein, The plurality of exhaust chamber outlets include: a first exhaust chamber outlet located below the axis of rotation of the turbine rotor and on one side relative to a vertical plane containing the axis of rotation; and a second exhaust chamber outlet located below the axis of rotation and on the opposite side relative to the first exhaust chamber outlet relative to a vertical plane containing the axis of rotation. In a cross-section orthogonal to the axis of rotation, the bottom surface of the turbine exhaust chamber includes a connecting line connecting the lower end of the first outlet of the exhaust chamber to the lower end of the second outlet of the exhaust chamber. In a section orthogonal to the axis of rotation, the connecting line includes a first connecting line portion connecting the midpoint of the connecting line to the lower end of the first outlet of the exhaust chamber, and a second connecting line portion connecting the midpoint of the connecting line to the lower end of the second outlet of the exhaust chamber. If the highest position in the first connecting line portion is defined as the first position, and the highest position in the second connecting line portion is defined as the second position, then at least one of the first position and the second position is located below the lower end of the turbine rotor.

7. The turbine exhaust chamber housing according to claim 1, wherein, The plurality of exhaust chamber outlets include: a first exhaust chamber outlet located below the axis of rotation of the turbine rotor and on one side relative to a vertical plane containing the axis of rotation; and a second exhaust chamber outlet located below the axis of rotation and on the opposite side relative to the first exhaust chamber outlet relative to a vertical plane containing the axis of rotation. In a cross section orthogonal to the axis of rotation, the bottom surface of the turbine exhaust chamber includes a connecting line that connects the first outlet of the exhaust chamber to the second outlet of the exhaust chamber, and the highest point of the connecting line is located below the lower end of the turbine rotor.

8. The turbine exhaust chamber housing according to claim 1, wherein, The plurality of exhaust chamber outlets include: a first exhaust chamber outlet located below the axis of rotation of the turbine rotor and on one side relative to a vertical plane containing the axis of rotation; and a second exhaust chamber outlet located below the axis of rotation and on the opposite side relative to the first exhaust chamber outlet relative to the vertical plane containing the axis of rotation. The first outlet and the second outlet of the exhaust chamber are symmetrically configured with respect to the vertical plane containing the axis of rotation.

9. The turbine exhaust chamber housing according to claim 1, wherein, The plurality of exhaust chamber outlets include: a first exhaust chamber outlet located below the axis of rotation of the turbine rotor and on one side relative to a vertical plane containing the axis of rotation; a second exhaust chamber outlet located below the axis of rotation and on the opposite side relative to the vertical plane containing the axis of rotation; a third exhaust chamber outlet located above the axis of rotation and on the same side relative to the vertical plane containing the axis of rotation; and a fourth exhaust chamber outlet located above the axis of rotation and on the opposite side relative to the vertical plane containing the axis of rotation.

10. A turbine comprising a turbine rotor and a turbine exhaust chamber housing as claimed in claim 1.

11. An organic Rankine cycle system, comprising: At least one evaporator for evaporating the heat medium of organic matter; A turbine, driven by the heat medium evaporated using the at least one evaporator; Multiple condensers condense the heat medium discharged from the turbine; and At least one pump pressurizes the heat medium condensed by the plurality of condensers and supplies it to the at least one evaporator. The turbine is the turbine as described in claim 10.

12. The organic Rankine cycle system according to claim 11, wherein, The plurality of exhaust chamber outlets include: a first exhaust chamber outlet located below the axis of rotation of the turbine rotor and on one side relative to a vertical plane containing the axis of rotation; and a second exhaust chamber outlet located below the axis of rotation and on the opposite side relative to the first exhaust chamber outlet relative to the vertical plane containing the axis of rotation. The plurality of condensers includes a first condenser and a second condenser. The organic Rankine cycle system further comprises: a first pipe on the lower side of the exhaust chamber, supplying the heat medium from the first outlet of the exhaust chamber to the first condenser; and a second pipe on the lower side of the exhaust chamber, supplying the heat medium from the second outlet of the exhaust chamber to the second condenser.

13. The organic Rankine cycle system according to claim 11, wherein, The plurality of exhaust chamber outlets include: a first exhaust chamber outlet located below the axis of rotation of the turbine rotor and on one side relative to a vertical plane containing the axis of rotation; a second exhaust chamber outlet located below the axis of rotation and on the opposite side relative to the vertical plane containing the axis of rotation; a third exhaust chamber outlet located above the axis of rotation and on the same side relative to the vertical plane containing the axis of rotation; and a fourth exhaust chamber outlet located above the axis of rotation and on the opposite side relative to the vertical plane containing the axis of rotation. The plurality of condensers includes a first condenser and a second condenser. The organic Rankine cycle system further comprises: a first pipe on the lower side of the exhaust chamber, supplying the heat medium from the first outlet of the exhaust chamber to the first condenser; a first pipe on the upper side of the exhaust chamber, supplying the heat medium from the third outlet of the exhaust chamber to the first condenser; a second pipe on the lower side of the exhaust chamber, supplying the heat medium from the second outlet of the exhaust chamber to the second condenser; and a second pipe on the upper side of the exhaust chamber, supplying the heat medium from the fourth outlet of the exhaust chamber to the second condenser.

14. The organic Rankine cycle system according to claim 13, wherein, The first condenser is a plate heat exchanger having a plurality of plates arranged at intervals in a first direction. The second condenser is a plate heat exchanger having a plurality of plates arranged at intervals in a second direction. The first pipe on the lower side of the exhaust chamber is connected to a first inlet of the heat medium formed on one side of the end face of the first condenser in the first direction; the second pipe on the lower side of the exhaust chamber is connected to a second inlet of the heat medium formed on one side of the end face of the second condenser in the second direction; the first pipe on the upper side of the exhaust chamber is connected to a third inlet of the heat medium formed on the other side of the end face of the first condenser in the first direction; and the second pipe on the upper side of the exhaust chamber is connected to a fourth inlet of the heat medium formed on the other side of the end face of the second condenser in the second direction.

Images