An apparatus for producing rhenium metal from ammonium rhenate

Abstract

The present application relates to smelting furnace technical field, especially in kind of ammonium rhenate preparation rhenium metal's equipment, include: furnace body, inside form heat treatment channel;Smelt subassembly, including furnace tube and microvibration material boat, furnace tube sets up in heat treatment channel, the central part of furnace tube bottom is equipped with undulating guide rail;Microvibration material boat includes nested cooperation's first boat body and second boat body, the central part of second boat body bottom is equipped with vibration cooperation part;Microvibration material boat still includes microporous cover plate, microporous cover plate cover sets up in first boat body top opening, and the lower surface of microporous cover plate and second boat body top between be equipped with buffer gap;Gas supply subassembly, for the second boat body inside melt smelting atmosphere;Push boat mechanism, for driving first boat body along undulating guide rail to the discharge end of furnace tube sliding.The present application provides the equipment for preparation rhenium metal of ammonium rhenate, and the problem of uneven reduction caused by static accumulation is effectively solved by microvibration, and product granularity concentration and batch consistency are significantly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of smelting furnace technology, and in particular to an apparatus for producing rhenium metal from ammonium perrhenate. Background Technology

[0002] Rhenium is a rare refractory metal with a high melting point, high density, and excellent high-temperature mechanical properties, making it irreplaceable in aerospace high-temperature alloys, electron sputtering targets, and petrochemical catalysis. With the rapid development of single-crystal blades for aero-engines and high-end semiconductor manufacturing technologies, downstream markets have placed stringent requirements on the purity (typically ≥99.99%) and batch-to-batch consistency of high-purity rhenium powder.

[0003] Currently, the mainstream industrial process for producing rhenium metal uses ammonium perperurate as a precursor and carries out a two-stage reduction in a tubular hydrogen reduction furnace: the first stage decomposes it into rhenium dioxide at 300-450℃, and the second stage deeply reduces it into rhenium metal powder at 900-1100℃.

[0004] Currently, multi-zone tube furnaces are commonly used for preparation. However, existing tube furnaces face the problem of uneven reduction due to static material accumulation in actual continuous production. Inside the furnace tube, the powder in the boat is in a natural accumulation state, with hydrogen gas only passing over the surface of the powder layer and failing to penetrate into the interior of the material. Water vapor generated by the reduction reaction accumulates at the bottom of the powder layer, and the local high water vapor partial pressure severely inhibits the forward reduction reaction, causing the surface rhenium powder to be over-burned and caking while the interior is under-reduced. This unevenness directly results in a wide distribution of oxygen content and poor batch-to-batch particle size consistency in the product, failing to meet the stringent requirements of high-end sputtering targets for rhenium powder particle size concentration and low oxygen content. At the same time, moderately turning the powder can effectively refresh the gas-solid reaction interface and improve reduction uniformity. However, due to the high-temperature environment inside the furnace, there is currently a lack of safe dynamic material turning methods, making it difficult for the preparation equipment to meet this requirement.

[0005] Current rotary kiln tube designs rely on the overall rotation of the kiln tube to agitate the powder. However, under high-temperature atmospheres, the long-term reliability of the rotational dynamic seal between the kiln tube and the fixed end cap is difficult to guarantee, posing a risk of hydrogen leakage. Mechanical stirring designs also require rotating blades above the boat, with the drive shaft penetrating the kiln tube wall, which also faces high-temperature sealing issues and poses safety concerns during long-term operation.

[0006] Therefore, how to improve the tube furnace to meet the need for continuous production of high-quality rhenium metal has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an apparatus for producing rhenium metal from ammonium perrhenate, thereby solving the problem that existing tube furnaces cannot meet the demand for continuous production of high-quality rhenium metal.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an apparatus for producing rhenium metal from ammonium rhenium oxide, comprising: The furnace body extends along the first direction and forms a heat treatment channel inside. Multiple sets of independently temperature-controlled heating elements are arranged axially within the heat treatment channel, and the heating elements divide the heat treatment channel into multiple independent temperature zones. The smelting assembly includes a furnace tube and a micro-vibrating material boat. The furnace tube is distributed along a first direction and arranged in a heat treatment channel. An undulating guide rail is provided at the center of the bottom of the furnace tube, and multiple lifting protrusions are spaced along the first direction on the undulating guide rail. The micro-vibrating material boat includes a first boat body and a second boat body that are nested together. A vibration mating part is provided at the center of the bottom of the second boat body, and a clearance channel is provided at the bottom of the first boat body corresponding to the vibration mating part. The vibration mating part extends downward through the clearance channel and slides against the undulating guide rail. The micro-vibrating material boat also includes a micro-perforated cover plate, which is placed over the top opening of the first boat body, and a buffer gap is provided between the lower surface of the micro-perforated cover plate and the top of the second boat body. A gas supply assembly is arranged on both sides of the furnace body along the first direction. The gas outlet of the gas supply assembly extends into the furnace tube and slides against the top of the first boat body to introduce a smelting atmosphere into the second boat body. The boat-pushing mechanism is located at the feed end of the furnace tube and is used to drive the first boat to slide along the undulating guide rail toward the discharge end of the furnace tube. During the sliding process of the first boat, the vibrating mating part and the lifting protrusion periodically contact and disengage, so that the second boat performs vertical reciprocating micro-vibration within the first boat.

[0009] In one embodiment, the gas supply assembly includes a gas supply main pipe, a gas supply channel, and a fitting gas supply component. The fitting gas supply component is distributed along a first direction and disposed on both sides of the top of the furnace tube. The fitting gas supply component is provided with a fitting groove, and the side of the fitting groove near the furnace body is provided with several independent spaced gas supply chambers. The gas supply main pipe is disposed on both sides of the furnace body, and the gas supply channel passes through the furnace body and the furnace tube to connect the gas supply main pipe with the spaced gas supply chambers. The top of the first boat body is provided with a receiving slider, and the receiving slider is provided with a receiving gas channel. The receiving gas channel extends from the side wall of the receiving slider to the bottom of the first boat body, so as to allow the smelting atmosphere to enter the second boat body from the bottom of the second boat body.

[0010] In one embodiment, a control valve is provided between the main gas supply pipe and the gas supply channel. The control valve is electrically connected to the boat pushing mechanism. The control valve delivers smelting atmosphere to the spaced gas supply chamber in contact with the first boat body according to the pushing stroke of the boat pushing mechanism.

[0011] In one embodiment, a conical baffle is provided inside the second boat body. The conical baffle, together with the bottom plate and side wall of the second boat body, forms a pulse cavity. A receiving opening is provided on the side wall of the pulse cavity corresponding to the air outlet of the receiving air channel. The height of the receiving opening is lower than the height of the air outlet of the receiving air channel. The height difference between the receiving opening and the air outlet of the receiving air channel is less than the maximum rising height of the vertical reciprocating micro-vibration of the second boat body.

[0012] In one embodiment, the bottom plate of the second boat has an air cushion recess on the side near the first boat, and the air cushion recess and the first boat together form an air cushion cavity. The receiving air passage extends downward through the extension air passage and communicates with the air cushion cavity.

[0013] In one embodiment, the sidewall of the second hull near the first hull is provided with a flow guide groove, which extends from the air cushion depression to the top of the second hull and communicates with the buffer gap.

[0014] In one embodiment, the flow channel is connected to the receiving opening.

[0015] In one embodiment, the lifting protrusion includes a gradually rising portion and a rapidly falling portion, which are smoothly connected; the radius of curvature of the gradually rising portion is greater than the radius of curvature of the rapidly falling portion; the distance between adjacent lifting protrusions along the first direction is not less than the length of the vibration mating portion along the first direction.

[0016] In one embodiment, the vibration mating part is a semi-cylinder extending along a first direction, and the arc surface of the vibration mating part slides and fits against the contour of the lifting protrusion.

[0017] In one embodiment, the heat treatment channel is divided into at least a low-temperature decomposition section and a high-temperature reduction section, with lifting protrusions correspondingly arranged in the low-temperature decomposition section and the high-temperature reduction section; the highest point of the lifting protrusion in the low-temperature decomposition section is smaller than the highest point of the lifting protrusion in the high-temperature reduction section, and the distance between adjacent lifting protrusions in the low-temperature decomposition section is greater than the distance between adjacent lifting protrusions in the high-temperature reduction section.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: In the hydrogen reduction process of ammonium rhenium oxide to prepare rhenium metal, conventional pushboat-type tube reduction furnaces use a single-layer corundum boat to load powder. The material is statically stacked, and hydrogen only passes over the surface of the powder layer, making it difficult to penetrate into the interior of the material. The water vapor generated by the reaction accumulates at the bottom of the powder layer, leading to over-sintering and caking on the surface while under-reduction inside. This results in a wide distribution of oxygen content in the product and poor batch-to-batch consistency. At the same time, the powder in the high-temperature reduction section of ammonium rhenium oxide is prone to sintering and sticking, requiring dynamic material turning to refresh the reaction interface. However, conventional rotary kiln tube designs have the problem of dynamic sealing during high-temperature rotation, and the seal of the drive shaft of the mechanical stirring solution that penetrates the furnace tube wall is also difficult to operate reliably for a long time in a hydrogen atmosphere at 1100℃.

[0019] Therefore, the equipment for producing rhenium metal from ammonium rhenium oxide provided by this invention features an undulating guide rail at the center of the furnace tube bottom, with lifting protrusions spaced along the pushing direction on the undulating guide rail. Simultaneously, the material boat is designed as a nested first boat and a second boat, with a vibrating engagement part at the bottom of the second boat extending downwards through a clearance channel at the bottom of the first boat and sliding against the undulating guide rail. When the boat-pushing mechanism pushes the first boat to slide along the undulating guide rail, the vibrating engagement part periodically contacts and disengages from the lifting protrusions, causing the second boat to generate vertical reciprocating micro-vibrations within the first boat. These micro-vibrations cause continuous interlayer displacement of the powder particles within the second boat, dynamically updating the gas-solid reaction interface, promoting water vapor escape, effectively solving the problem of uneven reduction caused by static accumulation, and significantly improving product particle size concentration and batch consistency.

[0020] Furthermore, the vibration drive of the equipment for producing rhenium metal from ammonium perrylate provided by the present invention relies entirely on the forward power of the boat pushing mechanism and the mechanical contour of the undulating guide rail, without the need for additional power input. All moving parts are located inside the furnace tube, without a drive shaft or rotating dynamic sealing structure penetrating the furnace tube wall, which fundamentally avoids the risk of sealing leakage under high temperature hydrogen atmosphere and effectively improves the safety and reliability of the equipment.

[0021] Meanwhile, the lifting protrusion adopts an asymmetrical contour design with a gradual lifting section and a sudden descent section. The gradual lifting section allows the second boat to rise smoothly, while the sudden descent section allows the second boat to fall quickly. The inertial hysteresis effect enhances the interlayer slippage effect of the powder and further strengthens the material turning capability. The distance between adjacent lifting protrusions is not less than the length of the vibration mating part, ensuring that the vibration mating part always has at least one support point after the previous protrusion detaches and before the next protrusion contacts it, thus avoiding movement jamming.

[0022] Meanwhile, the outlet of the gas supply component slides against the top of the first boat, ensuring that the input molten atmosphere can reach the second boat as quickly as possible, guaranteeing a sufficient molten atmosphere. Furthermore, the outlet of the gas supply component mechanically limits the position of the first boat, preventing tilting or shaking of the first boat due to the lifting and lowering vibrations of the second boat, thus ensuring the stability of the micro-vibration boat during propulsion. In addition, a buffer gap is provided between the lower surface of the microporous cover plate and the top of the second boat, ensuring gas flow while providing a safe limiting space for the micro-vibration of the second boat, preventing rigid collisions between the second boat and the cover plate in case of abnormal vibration, and ensuring long-term mechanical reliability.

[0023] Other features and beneficial effects of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects of the invention and other beneficial effects may be realized and obtained by means of the structures and / or components pointed out in the description and claims. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1This is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view at point AA; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a section at point I; Figure 5 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view at point BB; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of a section at point II; Figure 7 This is an exploded view of a micro-vibration material boat according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Label Explanation: 1. Furnace body; 11. Protective shell; 2. Melting assembly; 21. Furnace tube; 211. Irregular guide rail; 2111. Lifting protrusion; 2111a. Gradual lifting section; 2111b. Sudden descent section; 22. Micro-vibrating material boat; 221. First boat body; 2211. Clearance channel; 2212. Receiving slider; 2213. Receiving air passage; 2214. Extending air passage; 222. Second boat body; 2221. Vibration 2222, Conical Hole Baffle; 2223, Pulse Cavity; 2224, Receiving Opening; 2225, Air Cushion Recess; 2226, Guide Groove; 223, Microporous Cover Plate; 224, Buffer Gap; 3, Air Supply Assembly; 31, Air Supply Main Pipe; 32, Air Supply Channel; 33, Fitting Air Supply Component; 331, Fitting Slide Groove; 332, Interval Air Supply Chamber; 34, Control Valve; 4, Pushing Boat Mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The technical features designed in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that all terms used in this invention (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains, and should not be construed as limiting the invention; it should be further understood that the terms used in this invention should be understood to have the same meaning as those in the context of this specification and in the relevant field, and should not be understood in an idealized or overly formal sense, except as expressly defined in this invention.

[0028] To explain in detail the technical content, objectives, and effects of the present invention, the following description is provided in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0029] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 An apparatus for producing rhenium metal from ammonium perrylate, comprising: The furnace body 1 extends along the first direction and forms a heat treatment channel inside. Multiple sets of independently temperature-controlled heating elements are arranged axially in the heat treatment channel, and the heating elements divide the heat treatment channel into multiple independent temperature zones. The smelting assembly 2 includes a furnace tube 21 and a micro-vibration boat 22. The furnace tube 21 is distributed along a first direction and is arranged in a heat treatment channel. An undulating guide rail 211 is provided at the center of the bottom of the furnace tube 21. Multiple lifting protrusions 2111 are arranged at intervals along the first direction on the undulating guide rail 211. The micro-vibration boat 22 includes a first boat body 221 and a second boat body 222 that are nested together. A vibration mating part 2221 is provided at the center of the bottom of the second boat body 222. A clearance channel 2211 is provided at the bottom of the first boat body 221 corresponding to the vibration mating part 2221. The vibration mating part 2221 extends downward through the clearance channel 2211 and slides against the undulating guide rail 211. The micro-vibration boat 22 also includes a micro-perforated cover plate 223. The micro-perforated cover plate 223 is placed over the top opening of the first boat body 221, and a buffer gap 224 is provided between the lower surface of the micro-perforated cover plate 223 and the top of the second boat body 222. Gas supply assembly 3 is arranged on both sides of furnace body 1 along the first direction. The gas outlet of gas supply assembly 3 extends into furnace tube 21 and slides against the top of first boat body 221 to introduce smelting atmosphere into second boat body 222. The boat pushing mechanism 4 is located at the feeding end of the furnace tube 21 and is used to drive the first boat body 221 to slide along the undulating guide rail 211 toward the discharge end of the furnace tube 21. During the sliding process of the first boat body 221, the vibration mating part 2221 and the lifting protrusion 2111 periodically contact and disengage, so that the second boat body 222 performs vertical reciprocating micro-vibration within the first boat body 221.

[0030] Specifically, the inlet and outlet ends of the furnace tube 21 are equipped with sealing and vacuum mechanisms to create a vacuum environment inside the furnace tube 21. Those skilled in the art can select appropriate sealing mechanisms, vacuum mechanisms, or other corresponding accessories such as inert gas input mechanisms according to the actual specifications of the furnace tube 21, without making specific limitations.

[0031] Specifically, hydrogen can be used as the smelting atmosphere when reducing rhenium metal.

[0032] Preferably, sliding guide rails are provided on both sides of the bottom of the furnace tube 21, and the first boat body 221 is slidably connected to the sliding guide rails.

[0033] Specifically, the furnace body 1 is provided with a protective shell 11.

[0034] Conventional tubular reduction furnaces use a gas supply method at the end of furnace tube 21. Hydrogen flows axially along the furnace tube 21 over the surface of the boat. The gas flow contacts the powder bed in a surface-skimming manner, making it difficult for the gas to penetrate into the material. Therefore, in this embodiment, the gas supply assembly 3 includes a gas supply main pipe 31, a gas supply channel 32, and a fitting gas supply component 33. The fitting gas supply component 33 is distributed along the first direction and is arranged on both sides of the top of the furnace tube 21. The fitting gas supply component 33 is provided with a fitting groove 331. The fitting groove 331 is provided with several independent spaced gas supply chambers 332 on the side near the furnace body 1. The gas supply main pipe 31 is arranged on both sides of the furnace body 1. The gas supply channel 32 passes through the furnace body 1 and the furnace tube 21 to connect the gas supply main pipe 31 with the spaced gas supply chambers 332. The top of the first boat body 221 is provided with a receiving slider 2212. The receiving slider 2212 is provided with a receiving gas channel 2213. The receiving gas channel 2213 extends from the side wall of the receiving slider 2212 to the bottom of the first boat body 221, so as to allow the smelting atmosphere to enter the second boat body 222 from the bottom of the second boat body 222. This configuration allows the gas supply assembly 3 to form multiple independent gas supply zones along the first direction inside the furnace tube 21, providing multiple gas supply points for different stages of smelting. The receiving slider 2212 slides along the fitting groove 331 with the first boat 221. When the first boat 221 stops at a gas supply point, the receiving slider 2212 engages with the corresponding interval gas supply chamber 332. The smelting atmosphere enters the powder layer from the bottom of the second boat 222 through the receiving gas channel 2213 in the first boat 221, achieving bottom-up penetrating gas supply. As the first boat 221 continues to move, the receiving slider 2212 disengages from the current interval gas supply chamber 332, and the gas supply is interrupted. When the first boat 221 connects to the next interval gas supply chamber 332, the gas supply resumes. This allows the boat-pushing rhythm to match the spacing of the interval gas supply chambers 332, creating a mechanical linkage between the gas supply action and the boat-pushing step, achieving fixed-point and timed gas supply at each stage.

[0035] Although the docking of the receiving slider 2212 with the interval gas supply chamber 332 enables natural gas flow, when the main gas supply pipe 31 supplies gas to multiple interval gas supply chambers 332 simultaneously, the un-docked interval gas supply chambers 332 are in an open state. Since the airflow preferentially flows along the path of least resistance, a large amount of molten atmosphere will overflow from these open gas chambers into the furnace tube 21, resulting in a significant decrease in the actual gas supply entering the receiving slider 2212 and affecting the powder layer penetration effect. Therefore, in this embodiment, a control valve 34 is provided between the main gas supply pipe 31 and the gas supply channel 32. The control valve 34 is electrically connected to the boat pushing mechanism 4. The control valve 34 delivers molten atmosphere to the interval gas supply chambers 332 that are in contact with the first boat body 221 according to the pushing stroke of the boat pushing mechanism 4. This configuration ensures that the molten atmosphere in the main gas supply pipe 31 is supplied only to the gas supply chamber 332 currently connected to the receiving slider 2212 through the selection of the control valve 34. The other unconnected gas supply chambers 332 are not supplied with atmosphere because the control valve 34 is closed. This fundamentally eliminates the problem of molten atmosphere overflowing through the non-working gas chamber bypass, ensuring that the gas supply pressure is fully applied to the target gas supply position and guaranteeing the flow and pressure stability of the through-type gas supply.

[0036] Preferably, the interval gas supply chambers 332 are tightly connected to each other, separated only by partition walls. This arrangement ensures that the receiving slider 2212 maintains continuous contact with the interval gas supply chambers 332 during its movement, eliminating any gaps in the gas supply path and guaranteeing real-time gas connectivity. Consequently, the smelting atmosphere can be adjusted at any reaction time and location via the control valve 34, effectively improving the equipment's control over the smelting reaction process.

[0037] More preferably, the length of the receiving slider 2212 along the first direction is at least greater than the length of the two spaced gas supply chambers 332 along the first direction. This arrangement ensures that the receiving slider 2212 can completely cover at least one spaced gas supply chamber 332 at any given time. Even when the receiving slider 2212 is crossing the spacer wall at the junction of two gas supply chambers, there is always one complete gas supply chamber fully connected to the receiving slider 2212, ensuring sufficient supply of molten atmosphere and avoiding the problem of insufficient gas supply cross-sectional area due to the receiving slider 2212 being in the transition position of gas chamber switching.

[0038] After continuous gas supply is achieved during the boat pushing process through the gas supply component 3, the smelting atmosphere can continuously enter the powder layer. However, a constant airflow easily forms channels in the powder layer, and the gas preferentially passes through the channels, bypassing most of the material, resulting in a limited effective gas-solid contact area. Therefore, in this embodiment, a conical perforated baffle 2222 is provided inside the second boat body 222. The conical perforated baffle 2222, together with the bottom plate and side wall of the second boat body 222, forms a pulse cavity 2223. A receiving opening 2224 is provided on the side wall of the pulse cavity 2223 corresponding to the outlet end of the receiving gas channel 2213. The height of the receiving opening 2224 is lower than the height of the outlet end of the receiving gas channel 2213, and the height difference between the receiving opening 2224 and the outlet end of the receiving gas channel 2213 is less than the maximum rising height of the vertical reciprocating micro-vibration of the second boat body 222. This setting makes the supply of the smelting atmosphere not continuous and constant, but rather transforms the continuous gas supply into a pulsed gas supply through the micro-vibration motion of the second boat body 222 itself. When the second boat body 222 is lifted upwards by the lifting protrusion 2111 to the high vibration position, the receiving opening 2224 moves upwards along with the second boat body 222, aligning with the outlet of the receiving gas channel 2213, thus opening the gas path. The smelting atmosphere enters the pulse cavity 2223 and penetrates the powder layer after being evenly distributed by the conical baffle 2222. When the second boat body 222 falls back to the low vibration position after passing the protrusion, the receiving opening 2224 moves downwards, re-misaligning with the outlet of the receiving gas channel 2213, mechanically cutting off the gas path and suspending the gas supply. With the periodic micro-vibration of the second boat body 222, the receiving opening 2224 and the outlet of the receiving gas channel 2213 continuously alternately align and misalign, forming a pulse gas supply rhythm synchronized with the vibration frequency. The pulsed airflow penetrates the powder layer at high pressure at the moment of air supply. During the air supply interruption, the powder bed can be freely turned without being disturbed by the airflow. The turning and air supply are carried out alternately without interfering with each other, which effectively suppresses the channeling effect, expands the effective gas-solid contact area, and significantly improves the mass transfer efficiency and uniformity of the reduction reaction.

[0039] Preferably, a ceramic filter layer is provided above the conical baffle 2222. The ceramic filter layer ensures that when the molten atmosphere penetrates upwards from the pulse cavity 2223 through the conical baffle 2222, it undergoes secondary flow equalization through the ceramic filter layer before entering the powder layer, further improving the uniformity of airflow distribution across the powder layer cross-section. Simultaneously, the ceramic filter layer can prevent the migration and penetration of fine powder particles into the conical baffle 2222, preventing blockage of the conical holes and ensuring the smoothness and stability of the pulse gas supply path during long-term continuous operation, thus extending the maintenance cycle and service life of the conical baffle 2222.

[0040] When the second boat 222 undergoes vertical reciprocating micro-vibration within the first boat 221, the bottom plate of the second boat 222 and the bottom plate of the first boat 221 form a collision surface. Repeated rigid impacts during long-term operation may cause micro-cracks or even breakage of the corundum material bottom plate contact surface, affecting the structural strength and service life of both the second boat 222 and the first boat 221. Therefore, in this embodiment, an air cushion recess 2225 is provided on the side of the bottom plate of the second boat 222 closest to the first boat 221. The air cushion recess 2225 and the first boat 221 together form an air cushion cavity. The receiving air channel 2213 extends downwards through the extending air channel 2214 and communicates with the air cushion cavity. This arrangement allows the smelting atmosphere to enter the air cushion cavity through the extending air channel 2214, forming a micro-air cushion between the bottom plates of the second boat 222 and the first boat 221. When the second boat body 222 is lifted upward by the lifting protrusion 2111, the atmospheric pressure in the air cushion cavity provides a slight lift, assisting the second boat body 222 to rise smoothly and reducing the starting resistance at the moment of lifting. When the second boat body 222 falls after passing the protrusion, the molten atmosphere in the air cushion cavity is gradually discharged after being squeezed by the bottom plate of the second boat body 222, forming an air cushion buffer, which transforms rigid collision into elastic damping, effectively absorbing the impact energy of falling, avoiding direct collision between the bottom plate of the second boat body 222 and the bottom plate of the first boat body 221, preventing fatigue damage to the corundum material due to repeated impacts, and ensuring the structural integrity and reliability of the double-layer boats during long-term continuous operation.

[0041] Preferably, the highest point of the air cushion depression 2225 is slightly lower than the lowest point of the extended air passage 2214, so that the replenishment time of the molten atmosphere in the air cushion cavity during the pulse process is earlier than the replenishment time of the molten atmosphere in the pulse cavity 2223.

[0042] When the second boat 222 falls, the molten atmosphere inside the air cushion cavity is compressed and needs to be discharged outwards. If the gas can only escape disorderly from the gap between the bottom plate of the second boat 222 and the bottom plate of the first boat 221, the exhaust direction is uncontrollable and the exhaust resistance is uneven, which may affect the stability of the air cushion's cushioning effect. Therefore, in this embodiment, a guide groove 2226 is provided on the side wall of the second boat 222 near the first boat 221. The guide groove 2226 extends from the air cushion recess 2225 to the top of the second boat 222 and communicates with the buffer gap 224. This arrangement ensures that when the second boat 222 falls, the molten atmosphere inside the air cushion cavity is compressed and flows upwards in an orderly manner along the preset guide groove 2226, and is discharged through the buffer gap 224. The exhaust path is fixed and the resistance is controllable, ensuring the consistency and stability of the air cushion's cushioning effect during each fall.

[0043] In this embodiment, the guide groove 2226 is connected to the receiving opening 2224. This arrangement allows the compressed molten atmosphere within the air cushion cavity to flow upwards along the guide groove 2226 during the descent of the second boat 222, and then converge into the receiving opening 2224 and enter the pulse cavity 2223 via the connecting path. When the second boat 222 is falling, the receiving opening 2224 and the outlet of the receiving air channel 2213 are misaligned, and the pulse airflow supply is interrupted, the gas discharged from the air cushion cavity is used as an auxiliary gas source to continue replenishing the atmosphere to the pulse cavity 2223, maintaining a weak penetrating airflow in the powder layer during the interval between two pulse air supply cycles, and preventing recompaction caused by the powder bed becoming completely still during the gas interruption period. When the second boat 222 rises again and the receiving opening 2224 and the outlet of the receiving air channel 2213 are realigned, the pulse airflow path is opened, and a new round of pulse air supply immediately begins. This allows pulsed airflow and air cushion-assisted air supply to alternate during a lifting and lowering vibration process, providing two different rates of pulsed airflow. This further increases the dynamic change frequency of the airflow channels inside the powder layer, strengthens the ability to suppress channeling effect, and ensures the continuity of the air supply rhythm.

[0044] In this embodiment, the lifting protrusion 2111 includes a gradually rising portion 2111a and a rapidly falling portion 2111b, which are smoothly connected. The radius of curvature of the gradually rising portion 2111a is greater than that of the rapidly falling portion 2111b. The spacing between adjacent lifting protrusions 2111 along the first direction is not less than the length of the vibration mating portion 2221 along the first direction. With this configuration, when the vibration mating portion 2221 rises along the gradually rising portion 2111a, the second boat 222 is raised smoothly. When the vibration mating portion 2221 passes the highest point of the protrusion and enters the rapidly falling portion 2111b, the second boat 222 falls rapidly under the combined action of gravity and the steep contour of the protrusion. The powder bed generates interlayer displacement lagging behind the movement of the boat under the action of inertia, and the relative displacement amplitude between particles is significantly increased, greatly enhancing the material turning effect. Meanwhile, the spacing between the lifting protrusions 2111 provides a buffer zone, preventing the vibration mating part 2221 from simultaneously bridging two lifting protrusions 2111, which could lead to motion interference or jamming, thus ensuring the continuity and reliability of the vibration action of the second boat 222.

[0045] In this embodiment, the vibration mating part 2221 is a semi-cylinder extending along the first direction, and the arc surface of the vibration mating part 2221 slides and fits against the contour of the lifting protrusion 2111.

[0046] In this embodiment, the heat treatment channel is divided into at least a low-temperature decomposition section and a high-temperature reduction section, with lifting protrusions 2111 correspondingly positioned in each section. The highest point of the lifting protrusions 2111 in the low-temperature decomposition section is lower than that in the high-temperature reduction section, and the spacing between adjacent lifting protrusions 2111 in the low-temperature decomposition section is greater than that in the high-temperature reduction section. This arrangement allows for gentle vibration in the low-temperature decomposition section, where the lower-height, larger-spacing protrusions generate a gentle, slow vibration, promoting water vapor escape while preventing powder dust from splashing and maintaining the permeability of the powder layer. In the high-temperature reduction section, the higher-height, smaller-spacing protrusions generate a strong, dense vibration, effectively breaking down the powder sintering neck and continuously exposing fresh reaction surfaces. This satisfies the needs of different stages, thereby improving the overall reaction efficiency.

[0047] Furthermore, those skilled in the art should understand that although many problems exist in the prior art, each embodiment or technical solution of the present invention can be improved in only one or a few aspects, without necessarily solving all the technical problems listed in the prior art or the background art simultaneously. Those skilled in the art should understand that any content not mentioned in a claim should not be construed as a limitation on that claim.

[0048] Although this document frequently uses terms such as furnace body and protective shell, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely for the convenience of describing and explaining the essence of the invention; interpreting them as any kind of additional limitation would contradict the spirit of the invention. The terms "first," "second," etc. (if present) in the description and claims of the embodiments of the invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An apparatus for producing rhenium metal from ammonium perrylate, characterized in that, include: The furnace body (1) extends along the first direction and forms a heat treatment channel inside. Multiple sets of independently temperature-controlled heating elements are arranged axially in the heat treatment channel, and the heating elements divide the heat treatment channel into multiple independent temperature zones. The smelting assembly (2) includes a furnace tube (21) and a micro-vibration boat (22). The furnace tube (21) is distributed along the first direction and disposed within the heat treatment channel. An undulating guide rail (211) is provided at the center of the bottom of the furnace tube (21), and multiple lifting protrusions (2111) are spaced apart along the first direction on the undulating guide rail (211). The micro-vibration boat (22) includes a nested first boat body (221) and a second boat body (222). A vibration mating part (2221) is provided at the center of the bottom of the second boat body (222). The bottom of the first boat body (221) is provided with a clearance channel (2211) corresponding to the vibration mating part (2221). The vibration mating part (2221) extends downward through the clearance channel (2211) and slides against the undulating guide rail (211). The micro-vibration material boat (22) also includes a micro-perforated cover plate (223). The micro-perforated cover plate (223) is placed over the top opening of the first boat body (221), and a buffer gap (224) is provided between the lower surface of the micro-perforated cover plate (223) and the top of the second boat body (222). Gas supply assembly (3) is arranged on both sides of the furnace body (1) along the first direction. The gas outlet of the gas supply assembly (3) extends into the furnace tube (21) and slides against the top of the first boat body (221) to introduce smelting atmosphere into the second boat body (222). The boat pushing mechanism (4) is located at the feed end of the furnace tube (21) and is used to drive the first boat body (221) to slide along the undulating guide rail (211) toward the discharge end of the furnace tube (21). During the sliding process of the first boat body (221), the vibration mating part (2221) and the lifting protrusion (2111) periodically contact and disengage, so that the second boat body (222) performs vertical reciprocating micro-vibration within the first boat body (221). The gas supply assembly (3) includes a main gas supply pipe (31), a gas supply channel (32), and a fitting gas supply component (33). The fitting gas supply component (33) is distributed along a first direction and is located on both sides of the top of the furnace tube (21). The fitting gas supply component (33) is provided with a fitting groove (331). The fitting groove (331) has several independent spaced gas supply chambers (332) on the side near the furnace body (1). The main gas supply pipe (31) is located on both sides of the furnace body (1), and the gas supply channel (32) passes through it. The furnace body (1) and the furnace tube (21) connect the gas supply main pipe (31) to the spaced gas supply chamber (332); the top of the first boat body (221) is provided with a receiving slider (2212), and the receiving slider (2212) is provided with a receiving gas passage (2213). The receiving gas passage (2213) extends from the side wall of the receiving slider (2212) to the bottom of the first boat body (221), so as to allow the smelting atmosphere to enter the second boat body (222) from the bottom of the second boat body (222).

2. The apparatus for producing rhenium metal from ammonium perrylate according to claim 1, characterized in that: A control valve (34) is provided between the main gas supply pipe (31) and the gas supply channel (32). The control valve (34) is electrically connected to the boat pushing mechanism (4). The control valve (34) delivers smelting atmosphere to the spaced gas supply chamber (332) that is in contact with the first boat body (221) according to the pushing stroke of the boat pushing mechanism (4).

3. The apparatus for producing rhenium metal from ammonium perrylate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second boat body (222) is provided with a conical hole partition (2222) inside. The conical hole partition (2222) together with the bottom plate and side wall of the second boat body (222) forms a pulse cavity (2223). The side wall of the pulse cavity (2223) is provided with a receiving opening (2224) corresponding to the air outlet end of the receiving air channel (2213). The height of the receiving opening (2224) is lower than the height of the air outlet end of the receiving air channel (2213). The height difference between the receiving opening (2224) and the air outlet end of the receiving air channel (2213) is less than the maximum rising height of the vertical reciprocating micro-vibration of the second boat body (222).

4. The apparatus for producing rhenium metal from ammonium perrylate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom plate of the second boat body (222) is provided with an air cushion recess (2225) on the side near the first boat body (221). The air cushion recess (2225) and the first boat body (221) together form an air cushion cavity. The receiving air channel (2213) continues to extend downward through the extending air channel (2214) and communicates with the air cushion cavity.

5. The apparatus for producing rhenium metal from ammonium perrylate according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second hull (222) has a flow guide groove (2226) on the side wall near the first hull (221). The flow guide groove (2226) extends from the air cushion recess (2225) to the top of the second hull (222) and communicates with the buffer gap (224).

6. The apparatus for producing rhenium metal from ammonium perrylate according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flow channel (2226) is connected to the receiving opening (2224).

7. The apparatus for producing rhenium metal from ammonium perrylate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting protrusion (2111) includes a gradually rising portion (2111a) and a rapidly falling portion (2111b), which are smoothly connected; the radius of curvature of the gradually rising portion (2111a) is greater than the radius of curvature of the rapidly falling portion (2111b); the spacing between adjacent lifting protrusions (2111) along the first direction is not less than the length of the vibration mating portion (2221) along the first direction.

8. The apparatus for producing rhenium metal from ammonium perrylate according to claim 7, characterized in that: The vibration mating part (2221) is a semi-cylinder extending along the first direction, and the arc surface of the vibration mating part (2221) slides and fits against the contour of the lifting protrusion (2111).

9. The apparatus for producing rhenium metal from ammonium perrylate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat treatment channel is divided into at least a low-temperature decomposition section and a high-temperature reduction section, and the lifting protrusion (2111) is correspondingly arranged in the low-temperature decomposition section and the high-temperature reduction section; The highest point of the lifting protrusion (2111) in the low-temperature decomposition section is smaller than the highest point of the lifting protrusion (2111) in the high-temperature reduction section, and the distance between adjacent lifting protrusions (2111) in the low-temperature decomposition section is greater than the distance between adjacent lifting protrusions (2111) in the high-temperature reduction section.

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