A waste heat and waste electricity coupled peak regulation and frequency modulation system

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of renewable energy utilization, and particularly relates to a waste heat and waste electricity and biomass coupled peak regulation and frequency modulation system, which comprises: an energy scheduling module, which is used for distributing photovoltaic waste electricity to a straw heat processing module when the photovoltaic waste electricity exists, and distributing photothermal waste heat to the straw heat processing module when the photothermal waste heat exists; the straw heat processing module, which is used for carbonizing a first quantity of straws to generate biochar by using photovoltaic, and carrying out biogas fermentation by using the biochar, the photothermal waste heat and a second quantity of straws to generate biogas, and transmitting the biogas to a gas separation module; and the gas separation module, which is used for generating power by using the biogas when the power grid system needs to be regulated and modulated. The present application can solve the problems of waste photovoltaic waste electricity and waste photothermal waste heat, and simultaneously consider the function of energy storage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of renewable energy utilization technology, and in particular to a peak shaving and frequency regulation system that couples waste heat and waste electricity with biomass. Background Technology

[0002] With the deepening of the global energy structure transformation, the renewable energy industry has achieved rapid development. As a core component of clean and low-carbon energy, photovoltaic and solar thermal power generation have seen their installed capacity continue to climb and have gradually become an important supporting force in the energy supply system, playing an irreplaceable role in replacing fossil energy, reducing carbon emissions, and alleviating the contradiction between energy supply and demand.

[0003] However, with the increase in installed capacity of renewable energy, high resource loss rate has become a pain point for the industry. For example, the steam turbines of concentrated solar power (CSP) often discharge a large amount of steam directly, resulting in waste heat loss; another example is that the intermittent nature of photovoltaic (PV) output means that a large amount of electricity cannot be connected to the grid, and during peak electricity demand periods, PV power generation far exceeds the grid's absorption capacity, resulting in a large amount of PV power curtailment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical issues, this disclosure provides a peak-shaving and frequency-regulating system that couples waste heat and waste electricity with biomass, thereby solving the problems of untimely consumption of photovoltaic waste electricity and waste of photovoltaic and thermal waste heat.

[0005] In a first aspect, this disclosure provides a peak shaving and frequency regulation system coupled with waste heat and waste electricity and biomass. The peak shaving and frequency regulation system coupled with waste heat and waste electricity and biomass includes an energy dispatch module, a straw thermal processing module, and a gas separation and storage module.

[0006] The energy dispatch module is used to allocate photovoltaic waste electricity to the straw thermal processing module when there is photovoltaic waste electricity, and to allocate solar thermal waste heat to the straw thermal processing module when there is solar thermal waste heat.

[0007] The straw thermal processing module is used to carbonize a first quantity of straw to generate biochar using photovoltaic waste electricity, and to ferment biogas using biochar, photovoltaic waste heat and a second quantity of straw to generate biogas, and then transmit the biogas to the gas separation module.

[0008] The gas separation module is used to generate electricity from biogas when the power grid system needs peak shaving and frequency regulation, and then feed the new electricity back to the power grid system.

[0009] Specifically, the straw thermal processing module is used for: Photovoltaic waste electricity is used to heat the carbonization furnace; when the temperature inside the carbonization furnace is detected to be greater than or equal to the first temperature value, the carbonization of the first quantity of straw is started to generate biochar; when the temperature inside the carbonization furnace is greater than or equal to the second temperature value, it is determined that the biochar generation is complete, and the second temperature value is greater than the first temperature value.

[0010] Specifically, the straw thermal processing module is also used for: Heat the anaerobic biogas digester using solar thermal waste heat; When the temperature of the anaerobic biogas digester is detected to be greater than or equal to the third temperature value, biochar is used as a catalyst to start the biogasification reaction of the second quantity of straw, generating a mixed gas, which includes biogas and carbon dioxide.

[0011] Specifically, the gas separation module is also used to separate the mixed gas using a selective mixing membrane until the concentration of biogas is greater than or equal to a first concentration value and the concentration of carbon dioxide is greater than or equal to a second concentration value, and then transfer the biogas and carbon dioxide to their respective storage tanks for storage.

[0012] Specifically, the gas separation module is also used to transfer carbon dioxide gas to the anaerobic biogas digester.

[0013] Specifically, the straw thermal processing module is also used for: in the process of heating the anaerobic biogas digester using solar thermal waste heat, if the solar thermal waste heat is insufficient to heat the anaerobic biogas digester to the third temperature value, then the waste heat from the carbonization furnace is used to supplement the heating of the anaerobic biogas digester; if the solar thermal waste heat and the waste heat from the carbonization furnace are insufficient to heat the anaerobic biogas digester to the third temperature value, then the electrical energy from the power grid system is used to heat the anaerobic biogas digester until the anaerobic biogas digester reaches the third temperature value.

[0014] Specifically, the energy dispatch module is also used to allocate electrical energy from the power grid system to the straw thermal processing module when the waste heat from solar thermal energy and the residual heat from the carbonization furnace are insufficient to heat the anaerobic biogas digester to the third temperature value.

[0015] Specifically, the energy dispatch module is also used to allocate electrical energy from the power grid system to the straw thermal processing module when the photovoltaic waste electricity is insufficient to heat the carbonization furnace to the second temperature value during the process of heating the carbonization furnace.

[0016] Specifically, the straw thermal processing module is also used to heat the carbonization furnace by utilizing photovoltaic waste electricity. If the photovoltaic waste electricity is insufficient to heat the temperature inside the carbonization furnace to the second temperature value, then the electrical energy in the power grid system is used to heat the carbonization furnace until the temperature inside the carbonization furnace reaches the second temperature value.

[0017] Specifically, the peak shaving and frequency regulation system coupled with waste heat and waste electricity and biomass also includes a carbon dioxide recovery module; a gas separation module is also used to transfer carbon dioxide gas to the carbon dioxide recovery module, and the carbon dioxide recovery module includes at least one carbon dioxide utilization system.

[0018] Secondly, this invention provides a method for a peak-shaving and frequency-regulating system coupled with waste heat and waste electricity and biomass, the method comprising: The energy dispatch module is used to allocate photovoltaic waste electricity to the straw thermal processing module when there is photovoltaic waste electricity, and to allocate solar thermal waste heat to the straw thermal processing module when there is solar thermal waste heat.

[0019] The straw thermal processing module is used to carbonize a first quantity of straw to generate biochar using photovoltaic waste electricity, and to ferment biogas using biochar, photovoltaic waste heat and a second quantity of straw to generate biogas, and then transmit the biogas to the gas separation module.

[0020] The gas separation module is used to generate electricity from biogas when the power grid system needs peak shaving and frequency regulation, and then feed the new electricity back to the power grid system.

[0021] The technical solution provided in this disclosure has the following advantages: The peak-shaving and frequency regulation system coupled with waste heat and waste electricity and biomass provided in this disclosure can drive carbonization to generate biochar through photovoltaic waste electricity, and provide energy for biogas fermentation through photovoltaic waste heat. Biochar and straw synergistically participate in fermentation to generate biogas. When the power grid system needs peak-shaving and frequency regulation, biogas is used to generate electricity, producing new electrical energy. In this approach, the intermittent photovoltaic power curtailment and redundant photovoltaic waste heat can be maximized, avoiding the idle waste, resource loss, and low energy utilization efficiency of photovoltaic waste electricity and photovoltaic waste heat, and reducing resource loss rate. At the same time, since the mixed gas can be used to generate electricity when the power grid system needs peak-shaving and frequency regulation, new electrical energy can be generated to balance peak and valley loads and meet the peak-valley difference regulation requirements of the power grid. In addition, a closed-loop system of "renewable energy waste energy - straw conversion - biogas storage - grid feedback - by-product recycling" of straw biomass is realized, achieving multi-resource synergistic efficiency. At the same time, the modules are linked and adapted, solving the problem of fragmented links in existing technologies, taking into account both energy recovery and environmental benefits, and forming a synergistic system of waste energy utilization and biomass conversion. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure.

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1This is a topology diagram of a peak-shaving and frequency-modulating system coupled with waste heat and waste electricity and biomass, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of a peak shaving and frequency modulation method for coupling waste heat and waste electricity with biomass, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating another peak shaving and frequency modulation method for coupling waste heat and waste electricity with biomass, provided according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this disclosure, the solutions disclosed herein will be further described below. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other.

[0026] Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this disclosure, but this disclosure may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only some, and not all, of the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0027] The embodiments of this application are applied to scenarios where waste heat and waste electricity are used for biogas fermentation.

[0028] In related technologies, the steam turbines of photovoltaic power generation often discharge a large amount of high-temperature steam directly, resulting in the loss of solar thermal waste heat; the intermittent nature of photovoltaic output means that a large amount of waste electricity cannot be connected to the grid, and during peak electricity consumption periods, photovoltaic power generation far exceeds the grid's absorption capacity, resulting in a large amount of power loss.

[0029] To address the aforementioned technical issues, this application provides a peak-shaving and frequency-regulating system that couples waste heat and waste electricity with biomass. This system utilizes photovoltaic waste electricity to carbonize a first quantity of straw to generate biochar, and then uses the biochar, photovoltaic waste heat, and a second quantity of straw for biogas fermentation. This achieves the utilization of waste electricity and waste heat, reducing heat loss from photovoltaic waste heat and the significant energy loss from waste electricity due to the intermittent nature of photovoltaic output. Furthermore, the electricity generated from waste electricity and waste heat can participate in grid peak-shaving and frequency regulation, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the grid and reducing operational risks.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a topology diagram of a peak-shaving and frequency-modulating system coupled with waste heat and waste electricity and biomass, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 In the process, the peak shaving and frequency regulation system 100, which couples waste heat and waste electricity with biomass, includes an energy dispatch module 101, a straw thermal processing module 102, a gas separation and storage module 103, and a carbon dioxide recovery module 104.

[0031] The energy dispatch module 101 includes a photovoltaic waste electricity module, a storage battery, and a solar thermal turbine waste heat module.

[0032] The straw thermal processing module 102 includes a carbonization furnace, an anaerobic biogas digester, and a waste treatment system.

[0033] The gas separation and storage module 103 includes a selective mixing membrane, a biogas storage tank, a carbon dioxide storage tank, and a biogas generator. The carbon dioxide storage tank is connected to a solar thermal carbon dioxide recovery module for recycling carbon dioxide and the solar thermal system. The biogas storage tank is connected to the biogas generator for generating electricity from biogas, which can then be fed back to the power grid.

[0034] The carbon dioxide recovery module 104 includes a supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system and at least one carbon dioxide utilization system. For example, the at least one carbon dioxide utilization system may include a cooling system, a heliostat cleaning system, and a molten salt leakage handling system.

[0035] Based on the above-mentioned peak shaving and frequency regulation system that couples waste heat and waste electricity with biomass, the energy dispatch module is used to allocate photovoltaic waste electricity to the straw thermal processing module when there is photovoltaic waste electricity, and to allocate solar thermal waste heat to the straw thermal processing module when there is solar thermal waste heat.

[0036] The straw thermal processing module is used to carbonize a first quantity of straw to generate biochar using photovoltaic waste electricity, and to ferment biogas using biochar, photovoltaic waste heat and a second quantity of straw to generate mixed gas, which is then transported to a gas separation module.

[0037] The gas separation module is used to generate electricity using mixed gas when the power grid system needs peak shaving and frequency regulation, and then feed the new electricity back to the power grid system.

[0038] Among them, photovoltaic waste electricity refers to the surplus electricity generated during the operation of photovoltaic power generation systems. Due to the natural intermittency and randomness of photovoltaic output, the generated electricity exceeds the real-time absorption capacity, dispatch and regulation capacity and supporting energy storage capacity of the power grid, and cannot be effectively integrated into the power grid for utilization. Ultimately, it is disposed of through limiting or abandoning power generation.

[0039] In this embodiment, the solar thermal waste heat refers to the medium-to-high grade heat energy that is not fully recovered and utilized and is ultimately lost during the operation of the solar thermal power generation system, which is generated during the energy conversion process. Its main source is the high-temperature steam directly discharged after the steam turbine of the solar thermal power plant generates electricity, and it also includes the heat energy lost by the collector and heat storage system due to insufficient insulation.

[0040] In this embodiment, biochar is produced by heating straw at high temperatures under anaerobic or oxygen-deficient conditions, causing it to decompose and carbonize, removing impurities such as moisture and volatile matter from the straw, and ultimately generating a solid product. Biochar can improve biogas production and stabilize the anaerobic environment.

[0041] It is understandable that converting photovoltaic waste electricity into the electricity required for carbonization not only realizes the resource utilization of photovoltaic waste electricity and avoids its direct abandonment and waste, but also allows the generated biochar to serve as a core auxiliary raw material for subsequent biogas fermentation, laying the foundation for improving biogas fermentation efficiency.

[0042] In this embodiment, the anaerobic biogas digester receives heat energy from biochar and an energy dispatch module, producing a mixture of carbon dioxide and biogas, as well as biological residue. Biogas fermentation involves the decomposition and metabolism of straw under the action of anaerobic microorganisms. The medium-to-high-grade heat energy provided by waste heat from solar radiation can maintain the fermentation system temperature within a suitable range (typically 35-55°C), significantly enhancing the metabolic activity of anaerobic microorganisms and accelerating the decomposition of straw organic matter. Biochar, as a porous material, can adsorb anaerobic microorganisms to form flocs, and simultaneously adsorb intermediate products during fermentation, further enhancing fermentation efficiency and promoting biogas production.

[0043] In this embodiment, the mixed gas is typically composed mainly of biogas (with methane as its core component) and carbon dioxide. The mixed gas consists of methane and carbon dioxide.

[0044] based on Figure 1 The system shown can drive the carbonization of waste photovoltaic power to generate biochar, and use waste solar thermal energy to power biogas fermentation. Biochar and straw co-fermentation produce biogas, which is then used to generate electricity when the power grid needs peak shaving and frequency regulation. This approach maximizes the utilization of intermittent photovoltaic power curtailment and redundant solar thermal heat, avoiding the waste, resource loss, and low energy efficiency associated with idle photovoltaic power and waste solar thermal heat, thus reducing resource depletion. Furthermore, the biogas-based power generation during peak shaving and frequency regulation balances peak and valley loads, meeting the grid's peak-valley regulation needs. In addition, it achieves a closed-loop system of "renewable energy waste - straw conversion - biogas storage - grid feedback - by-product recycling" for straw biomass, enabling multi-resource synergy and efficiency. The interconnected modules address the fragmentation issues of existing technologies, balancing energy recovery and environmental benefits, and forming a synergistic system for waste energy utilization and biomass conversion.

[0045] Specifically, the straw thermal processing module is used to: heat the carbonization furnace using photovoltaic waste electricity; when the temperature inside the carbonization furnace is detected to be greater than or equal to a first temperature value, start carbonizing a first quantity of straw to generate biochar; when the temperature inside the carbonization furnace is greater than or equal to a second temperature value, determine that biochar generation is complete.

[0046] The second temperature value is greater than the first temperature value. The first temperature value is the temperature threshold for preheating the straw, i.e., the minimum starting temperature for straw preheating. The second temperature value is the temperature threshold for carbonizing the straw, i.e., the minimum completion temperature for straw carbonization. The first and second temperature values ​​can be set according to actual needs and are not limited. For example, the first temperature value can be 200℃, and the second temperature value can be 300℃.

[0047] In this embodiment of the application, photovoltaic waste electricity can be stored in a battery.

[0048] Optionally, during the process of using photovoltaic waste electricity to heat the carbonization furnace, the energy dispatch module is also used to allocate electrical energy from the power grid system to the straw thermal processing module if the photovoltaic waste electricity is insufficient to heat the temperature inside the carbonization furnace to the second temperature value.

[0049] Specifically, the straw thermal processing module is also used to heat the carbonization furnace by utilizing photovoltaic waste electricity. If the photovoltaic waste electricity is insufficient to heat the temperature inside the carbonization furnace to the second temperature value, then the electrical energy in the power grid system is used to heat the carbonization furnace until the temperature inside the carbonization furnace reaches the second temperature value.

[0050] Furthermore, once the temperature inside the carbonization furnace reaches the second temperature value, the straw thermal processing module is also specifically used to heat the anaerobic biogas digester using solar thermal waste heat; when the temperature of the anaerobic biogas digester is detected to be greater than or equal to the third temperature value, biochar is used as a catalyst to start the biogasification reaction of the second quantity of straw to generate mixed gas.

[0051] The third temperature value is the temperature threshold of the anaerobic biogas digester, which is the minimum temperature at which the digester produces carbon dioxide and biogas. This third temperature value can be set according to actual needs and is not restricted. For example, the third temperature value could be 50℃.

[0052] Optionally, the energy dispatch module is also used to allocate electrical energy from the power grid system to the straw thermal processing module when the waste heat from solar thermal energy and the residual heat from the carbonization furnace are insufficient to heat the anaerobic biogas digester to the third temperature value.

[0053] The straw thermal processing module is also specifically used in the process of heating the anaerobic biogas digester using solar thermal waste heat. If the solar thermal waste heat is insufficient to heat the anaerobic biogas digester to the third temperature value, the waste heat from the carbonization furnace is used to supplement the heating of the anaerobic biogas digester. If the solar thermal waste heat and the waste heat from the carbonization furnace are insufficient to heat the anaerobic biogas digester to the third temperature value, the electricity from the power grid system is used to heat the anaerobic biogas digester until the anaerobic biogas digester reaches the third temperature value.

[0054] It can be understood that by adopting the gradient heating logic of giving priority to solar heat waste heat, supplementing with the waste heat of the carbonization furnace, and backing up with grid electric energy, the low-grade waste heat or waste heat generated in the solar heat and straw carbonization links is preferentially absorbed, and the heat energy that was originally directly dissipated is recycled, greatly reducing the consumption of high-grade grid electric energy and significantly improving the overall energy utilization efficiency of the system. It avoids large fluctuations in the temperature of the pool due to fluctuations in solar heat resources and insufficient waste heat output from the carbonization furnace, ensures the rate, stability and biogas production rate of the anaerobic fermentation reaction, and solves the problem of unreliable single-source heating.

[0055] Furthermore, the gas separation module is also used to separate the mixed gas by using a selective mixed membrane until the concentration of methane gas is greater than or equal to the first concentration value, and the concentration of carbon dioxide gas is greater than or equal to the second concentration value, and then transfer the methane gas and carbon dioxide gas to their respective storage tanks for storage.

[0056] Among them, the first concentration value and the second concentration value can be set according to actual needs without limitation.

[0057] In the embodiment of the present application, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor and a methane concentration sensor are arranged in the mixed membrane.

[0058] It can be understood that by using a selective mixed membrane for gas separation, the efficient separation and purification of methane and carbon dioxide can be achieved specifically, the methane concentration and carbon dioxide concentration can be accurately controlled, and methane gas and carbon dioxide gas meeting the purity requirements can be stably produced, solving the problem of uncontrollable separation purity of the mixed gas.

[0059] Optionally, the gas separation module is also used to transfer the carbon dioxide gas to the anaerobic biogas digester.

[0060] It can be understood that since the carbon dioxide is recycled back to the anaerobic biogas digester, the carbon-nitrogen ratio and fermentation environment of the fermentation substrate in the biogas digester can be adjusted, the efficiency of the anaerobic fermentation reaction can be enhanced, the biogas production rate can be increased, and at the same time, the separated carbon dioxide is recycled within the system in a closed loop, reducing the emission of greenhouse gases and constructing an endogenous carbon cycle system.

[0061] Optionally, the gas separation module is also used to transfer the carbon dioxide gas to the carbon dioxide recovery module.

[0062] It can be understood that the recovered carbon dioxide can be定向 supplied to the cooling system, the heliostat cleaning system, and the molten salt leakage disposal system supporting the solar heat system, participate in the operation of the core auxiliary equipment of the solar heat power station as a functional medium, replace traditional working fluids to meet multiple needs such as cooling, cleaning, and emergency disposal, and optimize the operation conditions of the solar heat system.

[0063] In this embodiment, a method for power peak regulation and frequency modulation of waste heat, waste electricity and biomass coupling is provided, which can be used in the above-mentioned peak regulation and frequency modulation system of waste heat, waste electricity and biomass coupling. Figure 2This is a schematic flowchart of a peak shaving and frequency regulation method coupled with waste heat and waste electricity and biomass, according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 As shown, the process includes the following steps: S201, the energy dispatch module, is used to allocate photovoltaic waste electricity to the straw thermal processing module when there is photovoltaic waste electricity, and to allocate solar thermal waste heat to the straw thermal processing module when there is solar thermal waste heat.

[0064] S202, Straw Thermal Processing Module, is used to carbonize a first quantity of straw to generate biochar using photovoltaic waste electricity, and to ferment biogas using biochar, photovoltaic waste heat and a second quantity of straw to generate biogas, and then transmit the biogas to the gas separation module.

[0065] S203, the gas separation module, is used to generate electricity from biogas when the power grid system needs peak shaving and frequency regulation, and then feed the new electricity back to the power grid system.

[0066] The specific implementation process of S201 to S203 can be referred to the specific implementation process of the peak shaving and frequency regulation system coupled with waste heat and waste electricity and biomass, and will not be repeated here.

[0067] Optionally, embodiments of this application also provide another method for peak shaving and frequency regulation coupled with waste heat and waste electricity and biomass; such as Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart of another peak-shaving and frequency-regulating method for coupling waste heat and waste electricity with biomass, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 In the power supply chain, photovoltaic power is prioritized, supplemented by battery power when insufficient, and connected to the grid when still insufficient, achieving multi-source complementarity of power. For the heat supply chain, waste heat from solar thermal energy is prioritized, supplemented by carbonization furnace heat when insufficient, and connected to the grid for heating when still insufficient, ensuring a stable supply of heat energy to the system. Energy from the energy dispatch module is used to process straw: the straw is preheated, and then the carbonization furnace temperature determines whether to proceed to the carbonization stage; if the temperature reaches the standard after carbonization, biochar is added to continue heating the straw; the biogas digester temperature determines whether to proceed to the gas treatment stage on the right. The gas separation module is responsible for the separation, storage, and resource utilization of gases. After separating the mixed gases, it first determines whether the biogas and carbon dioxide concentrations meet the standards; the gases that meet the standards are stored separately, with biogas used for power generation and carbon dioxide recycled, achieving closed-loop utilization of gas resources and reducing carbon emissions.

[0068] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0069] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this disclosure, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement it. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not to be limited to the embodiments described herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A peak-shaving and frequency-regulating system coupled with waste heat and waste electricity and biomass, characterized in that, The peak shaving and frequency regulation system coupled with waste heat and waste electricity and biomass includes an energy dispatch module, a straw thermal processing module, and a gas separation and storage module. The energy dispatch module is used to allocate photovoltaic waste electricity to the straw thermal processing module when there is photovoltaic waste electricity, and to allocate solar thermal waste heat to the straw thermal processing module when there is solar thermal waste heat. The straw thermal processing module is used to carbonize a first quantity of straw to generate biochar using the photovoltaic waste electricity, and to ferment biogas using the biochar, the photovoltaic waste heat and a second quantity of straw to generate biogas, and to transmit the biogas to the gas separation module. The gas separation module is used to generate electricity using the biogas when the power grid system needs peak shaving and frequency regulation, and to feed the new electrical energy back to the power grid system.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The straw thermal processing module is specifically used for: The photovoltaic waste electricity is used to heat the carbonization furnace; When the temperature inside the carbonization furnace is detected to be greater than or equal to the first temperature value, the carbonization of the first quantity of straw is started to generate the biochar. When the temperature inside the carbonization furnace is greater than or equal to the second temperature value, it is determined that the biochar generation is complete, and the second temperature value is greater than the first temperature value.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The straw thermal processing module is also specifically used for: The aforementioned solar thermal waste heat is used to heat the anaerobic biogas digester; When the temperature of the anaerobic biogas digester is detected to be greater than or equal to a third temperature value, the biochar is used as a catalyst to start the biogasification reaction of the second quantity of straw to generate the mixed gas, which includes biogas and carbon dioxide gas.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The gas separation module is further configured to separate the mixed gas using a selective mixing membrane until the concentration of biogas is greater than or equal to a first concentration value and the concentration of carbon dioxide is greater than or equal to a second concentration value, and then transfer the biogas and the carbon dioxide to their respective storage tanks for storage.

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The gas separation module is also used to transfer the carbon dioxide gas to the anaerobic biogas digester.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The straw thermal processing module is further specifically used for: during the process of heating the anaerobic biogas digester using the solar thermal waste heat, if the solar thermal waste heat is insufficient to heat the anaerobic biogas digester to the third temperature value, then supplementing the anaerobic biogas digester with the waste heat of the carbonization furnace; if the solar thermal waste heat and the waste heat of the carbonization furnace are insufficient to heat the anaerobic biogas digester to the third temperature value, then using the electrical energy in the power grid system to heat the anaerobic biogas digester until the anaerobic biogas digester reaches the third temperature value.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The energy dispatch module is also used to allocate electrical energy from the power grid system to the straw thermal processing module when the waste heat from solar thermal energy and the residual heat from the carbonization furnace are insufficient to heat the anaerobic biogas digester to the third temperature value.

8. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The energy dispatch module is also used to allocate electrical energy from the power grid system to the straw thermal processing module if, during the process of heating the carbonization furnace using the photovoltaic waste electricity, the photovoltaic waste electricity is insufficient to heat the temperature inside the carbonization furnace to the second temperature value.

9. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The straw thermal processing module is also specifically used to heat the carbonization furnace using the photovoltaic waste electricity. If the photovoltaic waste electricity is insufficient to heat the temperature inside the carbonization furnace to the second temperature value, the module uses electrical energy from the power grid system to heat the carbonization furnace until the temperature inside the carbonization furnace reaches the second temperature value.

10. The system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The peak shaving and frequency regulation system coupled with waste heat and waste electricity and biomass also includes a carbon dioxide recovery module; the gas separation module is also used to transfer the carbon dioxide gas to the carbon dioxide recovery module, and the carbon dioxide recovery module includes at least one carbon dioxide utilization system.

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