A machining inner hole polishing device

Abstract

The application discloses a machining inner hole polishing device and particularly relates to the technical field of machining, which comprises a polishing table, a fixing assembly arranged on the polishing table and used for clamping and fixing a workpiece, a fixing frame arranged on the top of the polishing table and provided with a fixing seat which is installed in the fixing frame in a liftable manner, and a fixing shaft which is rotatably installed on the fixing seat through a bearing. The polishing plate and the polishing block arranged in a corresponding manner on the polishing roller are provided, the polishing plate and the polishing block have different radial extension strokes, the synchronous fitting and positioning of the inner walls of different diameter hole sections of the stepped hole are realized, the inner walls of different diameter hole sections of the upper and lower parts of the workpiece inner hole can be respectively polished during polishing, the one-time synchronous polishing of the two inner walls of the stepped hole is realized, the uneven roughness of the inner walls of each region and the out-of-tolerance problem of the roundness caused by the inconsistent factors such as the rotating speed and the polishing time in the traditional segmented polishing are avoided, and the consistency and the processing efficiency of the inner wall processing of the stepped hole are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining technology, and in particular to a grinding device for internal holes in machining. Background Technology

[0002] Grinding of internal holes in machining is an important process in the fields of machinery manufacturing, automobile, motorcycle and non-motor vehicle parts processing. Various supporting parts such as bushings, connecting sleeves and valve sleeves generally have internal hole structures. Grinding the inner wall of the hole can remove residual burrs from machining, smooth tool marks and improve surface finish. It is a key link to ensure the assembly accuracy, operation performance and service life of the workpiece.

[0003] Currently, existing internal hole grinding equipment typically clamps and fixes the workpiece on the machining table during operation. The grinding head is mounted on the machine tool spindle and extends into the inner hole of the workpiece to complete the inner wall grinding. However, for stepped internal hole workpieces, since the diameters of the upper and lower sections of the stepped internal hole are different, the traditional grinding head with a fixed diameter is difficult to effectively adapt to the two sections of the hole, especially for internal holes with large differences in diameter. Therefore, segmented grinding is often used, which is not only cumbersome and has low production efficiency, but also makes it difficult to achieve complete uniformity in equipment speed and grinding time, which can easily lead to inconsistent inner wall roughness and roundness of each hole section, greatly affecting the quality of internal hole machining.

[0004] Therefore, this application proposes a machining internal hole grinding device to solve the above-mentioned shortcomings. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a machining internal hole grinding device.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: Polishing table; A fixing component is provided on the grinding table for clamping and fixing the workpiece; A fixed frame is set on the top of the grinding table, and a fixed seat is installed inside it in a height-adjustable manner. A fixed shaft is rotatably mounted on the fixed seat via a bearing. The bottom end of the fixed shaft is connected to the grinding unit, and the top end is provided with a rotating component for driving its rotation. The polishing unit includes a polishing roller with a cavity inside. A pair of connecting blocks are symmetrically arranged radially above the interior of the cavity. The outer ends of the connecting blocks pass through the side wall of the polishing roller and are provided with polishing plates. A pair of connecting columns are symmetrically arranged radially below the interior of the cavity. The outer ends of the connecting columns pass through the side wall of the polishing roller and are provided with polishing blocks. The polishing blocks are located below the polishing plates. A linkage is provided between the connecting blocks and the connecting columns. A drive unit is connected to the chamber. The radial sliding stroke of the connecting block is less than that of the connecting column. When the grinding roller is inserted into the stepped inner hole of the workpiece, the drive unit can drive the connecting column and the connecting block to extend radially through the linkage, so that the grinding plate abuts against the inner wall of the upper small-diameter hole section of the workpiece, and the grinding block abuts against the inner wall of the lower large-diameter hole section of the workpiece.

[0007] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the chamber includes a first chamber, a second chamber and a third chamber distributed sequentially from top to bottom along the axial direction, the two connecting blocks are slidably connected to both ends of the second chamber, and the two connecting columns are slidably connected to both ends of the third chamber.

[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention, the linkage includes: A first piston is disposed above the interior of the first chamber, and a first spring is connected to the bottom of the interior of the first chamber, with the top of the first spring fixedly connected to the first piston. A push block is disposed above the interior of the second chamber and between two connecting blocks. Both ends of the push block and the inner ends of the connecting blocks are provided with mutually fitting inclined surfaces, and a limiting component is provided between the bottom end of the connecting blocks and the second chamber. The second piston is disposed in the third chamber. The top of the interior of the third chamber is connected to a third spring. The bottom end of the third spring is fixedly connected to the second piston. Connecting rods are symmetrically hinged between the bottom side of the second piston and the ends of the two connecting columns. A linkage rod is inserted between the first chamber and the second chamber. The top end of the linkage rod passes through the first piston, and the bottom end of the linkage rod passes through the push block and extends into the third chamber. A guide hole is provided inside the linkage rod.

[0009] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the limiting component includes two limiting grooves symmetrically arranged on the bottom side of the interior of the second chamber. The limiting grooves are located below the connecting block, and a second spring is fixed to the inner outer end of each of the two limiting grooves. A limiting block is slidably connected to the inner outer end of the limiting groove. The side wall of the limiting block is fixedly connected to the second spring, and the top end of the limiting block is fixedly connected to the connecting block.

[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention, the driving unit includes: An air chamber is formed inside the fixed shaft, and the bottom end of the air chamber is connected to the first chamber. An air compressor pump is installed on the top of the fixed base. The air outlet of the air compressor pump is provided with a connecting pipe. One end of the connecting pipe is movably connected to the top of the fixed shaft through a rotary joint and communicates with the air chamber.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a first cylinder is provided at the top of the fixed frame, the output end of the first cylinder is connected to the fixed seat, both ends of the fixed seat are provided with slide seats, and both ends of the inner side of the fixed frame are provided with slide rails that match the slide seats.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the fixing component includes a second cylinder fixedly connected to both ends of the top side of the grinding table by a bracket, and clamping blocks are symmetrically arranged at the output ends of the two second cylinders.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the rotating assembly includes a drive motor, a drive wheel, a driven wheel, and a timing belt. The drive motor is disposed on the top of the fixed base, and its output end is connected to the drive wheel. The driven wheel is disposed at the end of the fixed shaft, and the timing belt is sleeved between the drive wheel and the driven wheel.

[0014] As a further aspect of the present invention, a venting and chip-removing unit is also provided on the fixed shaft, the venting and chip-removing unit comprising: An air hood is located at the bottom end of the fixed shaft near the top of the grinding roller, and the bottom side of the air hood has a plurality of first air outlets arranged in a ring array. The side wall of the fixed shaft and inside the air hood is provided with at least one air inlet, which is connected to the air chamber. The sealing plate is rotatably mounted on the bottom side of the air cover, and its sidewalls are provided with multiple second air outlets in a ring array; An adjustment mechanism, located between the air cover and the sealing plate, is used to adjust the relative positions of the first air outlet and the second air outlet.

[0015] As a further aspect of the present invention, the adjusting mechanism includes: A drive motor is fixedly connected to the side wall of the air hood via a bracket, and its output end is connected to a gear. A gear ring is provided on the side wall of the sealing plate, and the gear ring meshes with the gear. The top side of the sealing plate is provided with a slip ring, and the bottom side of the air hood is provided with a sliding groove that matches the slip ring.

[0016] The technical effects and advantages provided by the present invention in the above technical solution are as follows: This invention features grinding plates and grinding blocks arranged vertically on a grinding roller. These, along with a drive unit and linkage, work together to drive the connecting column and connecting block to slide outward radially. Due to the differentiated structural design of the upper and lower branches of the linkage, the grinding plates and grinding blocks have different radial extension strokes. The grinding block can move a long distance and abut against the inner wall of the lower, large-diameter hole section of the workpiece, while the grinding plate can move slightly and abut against the inner wall of the upper, small-diameter hole section of the workpiece. This achieves synchronous contact and positioning of the inner walls of different diameter hole sections in a stepped hole. During grinding, both can respectively grind the inner walls of the different diameter hole sections at the upper and lower parts of the workpiece's inner hole, achieving simultaneous grinding of the two inner walls of the stepped hole in one go. This avoids the problems of uneven surface roughness and out-of-tolerance roundness caused by inconsistent rotation speed and grinding time in traditional segmented grinding, greatly improving the consistency and efficiency of the stepped hole inner wall processing. This invention uses a workpiece with the large diameter hole end facing downwards for positioning, which allows dust and debris during the grinding process to fall down along the hole wall and be discharged directly through the large diameter hole section. Compared with the large diameter hole end facing upwards, it is less likely for grinding debris to accumulate at the bottom of the small diameter hole section, making it easier to clean. This invention utilizes an exhaust and chip-removing unit installed on the outside of the grinding roller. This unit consists of an air hood, a sealing plate, and an adjustment mechanism. The adjustment mechanism drives the sealing plate to rotate at the bottom of the air hood, adjusting the relative positions of the first and second air outlets to switch the airflow on and off. When the two outlets are staggered and not connected, the airflow is closed; when they are aligned vertically, the airflow is open, allowing airflow to be sprayed axially downwards to sweep the inner hole area of ​​the workpiece. Simultaneously, the grinding plate and grinding block quickly retract to their original positions, releasing their contact with the hole wall. The high-speed airflow synchronously washes the gap between the outer end faces of the grinding plate and grinding block and the hole wall, removing accumulated dust and grinding debris. Through this cyclical misalignment, intermittent airflow chip removal is achieved in the inner hole of the workpiece and the contact area between the outer end faces of the grinding plate and grinding block and the inner wall of the hole. This timely cleaning of dust and debris generated during grinding effectively prevents grinding debris from accumulating in the processing area and causing scratches on the hole wall, greatly ensuring processing quality. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is one of the overall structural schematic diagrams of the present invention; Figure 2 This is the second schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the connection between the fixed base and the fixed shaft of the present invention; Figure 4 This is the second schematic diagram of the connection between the fixed base and the fixed shaft of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the fixed shaft and the grinding roller of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fixed shaft and the grinding roller of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the grinding roller of the present invention; Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the grinding roller, grinding plate, and grinding block of the present invention; Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the air hood and sealing plate of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the air cover and sealing plate of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 100, grinding table; 200, fixed frame; 201, first cylinder; 202, second cylinder; 203, clamping block; 300, fixed seat; 301, fixed shaft; 302, grinding roller; 303, drive motor; 304, drive wheel; 305, driven wheel; 306, synchronous belt; 400, air chamber; 401, first chamber; 4010, first piston; 4011, linkage rod; 4012, first spring; 402, second chamber; 4020, push block; 4021, limiting groove; 4 022, Second spring; 4023, Limiting block; 403, Third chamber; 4030, Second piston; 4031, Third spring; 500, Grinding plate; 501, Connecting block; 600, Grinding block; 601, Connecting column; 602, Connecting rod; 700, Air compressor pump; 701, Connecting pipe; 800, Air cover; 801, First air outlet; 8010, Drive motor; 8011, Gear; 8012, Gear ring; 8020, Air inlet; 900, Sealing plate; 901, Second air outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] like Figures 1-2As shown, the present invention provides a machining internal hole grinding device, including a grinding table 100, a fixing component, a fixing frame 200, a grinding unit, and a driving unit; the fixing component is disposed on the grinding table 100 for clamping and fixing the workpiece; the fixing frame 200 is disposed on the top of the grinding table 100, and a fixing seat 300 is installed therein that can be raised and lowered; a fixing shaft 301 is rotatably mounted on the fixing seat 300 via a bearing; the grinding unit is disposed at the bottom end of the fixing shaft 301; and a rotating component for driving the rotation of the fixing shaft 301 is provided at the top end of the fixing shaft 301. The bushing workpiece is placed on the grinding table 100. The workpiece is first clamped and fixed by the fixing component. The fixed seat 300 is driven to descend, so that the fixed seat 300 drives the grinding unit to descend through the fixed shaft 301. The grinding unit enters the inner hole of the bushing workpiece. The rotating component drives the fixed shaft 301 to rotate, so that the fixed shaft 301 drives the grinding unit to rotate and grind the inner hole.

[0021] In this embodiment, a first cylinder 201 is provided at the top of the fixed frame 200. The output end of the first cylinder 201 is connected to the fixed seat 300. Both ends of the fixed seat 300 are provided with slides. Both ends of the inner side of the fixed frame 200 are provided with slide rails that match the slides. The fixed seat 300 is driven to rise and fall by the first cylinder 201. With the support and limiting of the slides and slide rails, the stability of the fixed seat 300 during the rise and fall can be greatly guaranteed.

[0022] The fixing component includes a second cylinder 202 fixedly connected to both ends of the top side of the grinding table 100 via a bracket. The output ends of the two second cylinders 202 are symmetrically provided with clamping blocks 203. The clamping blocks 203 are driven to move by the second cylinders 202, so that the two clamping blocks 203 are close together to clamp the bushing workpiece, thereby fixing the bushing workpiece.

[0023] It is worth noting that the clamping block 203 in this application is detachably connected to the output end of the second cylinder 202, thus facilitating the replacement of clamping block structures of different specifications; the grinding table 100 is equipped with a dust collection device for adsorbing and collecting dust and debris during grinding, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a support platform with mesh is set at the grinding station. A dust collection hood is connected to the bottom of the support platform. The dust collection hood is connected to the dust collection fan on the side of the equipment through a pipe. The specific internal structure is not shown. These are all conventional technical means in this field, so they will not be described in detail.

[0024] refer to Figure 4As shown, the rotating assembly includes a drive motor 303, a drive wheel 304, a driven wheel 305, and a timing belt 306. The drive motor 303 is located on the top of the fixed base 300, and its output end is connected to the drive wheel 304. The driven wheel 305 is located at the end of the fixed shaft 301, and the timing belt 306 is sleeved between the drive wheel 304 and the driven wheel 305. By starting the drive motor 303, the drive motor 303 drives the drive wheel 304 to rotate, and the drive wheel 304 drives the driven wheel 305 to rotate through the timing belt 306, so that the driven wheel 305 drives the fixed shaft 301 to rotate stably on the fixed base 300.

[0025] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 3-8 As shown, the grinding unit includes a grinding roller 302, which has a cavity. A pair of connecting blocks 501 are symmetrically arranged radially above the interior of the cavity. The outer ends of the connecting blocks 501 pass through the side wall of the grinding roller 302 and are provided with grinding plates 500. A pair of connecting columns 601 are symmetrically arranged radially below the interior of the cavity. The outer ends of the connecting columns 601 pass through the side wall of the grinding roller 302 and are provided with grinding blocks 600. The grinding blocks 600 are located below the grinding plates 500. A linkage is provided between the connecting blocks 501 and the connecting columns 601. Depend on Figure 8 It can be seen that the chamber includes a first chamber 401, a second chamber 402 and a third chamber 403 distributed sequentially from top to bottom along the axial direction. Two connecting blocks 501 are slidably connected to both ends of the second chamber 402, and two connecting columns 601 are slidably connected to both ends of the third chamber 403.

[0026] refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7The linkage includes a first piston 4010, a push block 4020, a second piston 4030, and a linkage rod 4011. The first piston 4010 is positioned above the interior of the first chamber 401, and a first spring 4012 is connected to the bottom of the interior of the first chamber 401. The top of the first spring 4012 is fixedly connected to the first piston 4010. The push block 4020 is positioned above the interior of the second chamber 402 and between two connecting blocks 501. Both ends of the push block 4020 and the inner ends of the connecting blocks 501 are provided with mutually engaging inclined surfaces, and a limiting assembly is provided between the bottom end of the connecting blocks 501 and the second chamber 402. The components include: a second piston 4030 disposed in a third chamber 403; a third spring 4031 connected to the top of the interior of the third chamber 403; a bottom end of the third spring 4031 fixedly connected to the second piston 4030; a connecting rod 602 symmetrically hinged between the bottom side of the second piston 4030 and the ends of the two connecting columns 601; a linkage rod 4011 passing through the first chamber 401 and the second chamber 402; the top end of the linkage rod 4011 passing through the first piston 4010; and the bottom end of the linkage rod 4011 passing through the push block 4020 and extending into the third chamber 403; and a guide hole provided inside the linkage rod 4011. High-pressure air enters the first chamber 401 through the air chamber 400. The first piston 4010 in the first chamber 401 divides its interior into two parts, and high-pressure air continuously enters the upper sealed space. At the same time, the high-pressure air can directly enter the third chamber 403 through the guide hole in the linkage rod 4011. Since the second piston 4030 also divides its interior into two parts, high-pressure air also continuously enters the upper sealed space. Under the action of air pressure, the air pressure pushes the second piston 4030 down and stretches the third spring 4031 to undergo elastic deformation. The second piston 4030 can drive the symmetrical connecting rod 602 to rotate, so that the connecting rod 602 drives the connecting column 601 to slide outward. The connecting column 601 drives the grinding block 600 to move synchronously, so that the grinding block 600 presses against the inner wall of the large-diameter hole section at the bottom of the workpiece's inner hole. Due to the air pressure, the upper sealed space of the first chamber 401 can push the first piston 4010 downward and compress the first spring 4012 to undergo elastic deformation. The first piston 4010 drives the push block 4020 to move through the linkage rod 4011, so that the two inclined sides of the push block 4020 press against the inclined surface of the inner end of the connecting block 501. As the push block 4020 moves downward, the two connecting blocks 501 are subjected to force and slide outward in the radial direction, thereby driving the grinding plate 500 to move synchronously, so that the grinding plate 500 abuts against the inner wall of the small diameter hole section at the upper part of the workpiece's inner hole.

[0027] In this embodiment, the limiting component includes two limiting grooves 4021 symmetrically arranged on the bottom side inside the second chamber 402. The limiting grooves 4021 are located below the connecting block 501, and a second spring 4022 is fixed to the inner outer end of each of the two limiting grooves 4021. A limiting block 4023 is slidably connected to the inner outer end of the limiting grooves 4021. The sidewall of the limiting block 4023 is fixedly connected to the second spring 4022, and the top end of the limiting block 4023 is fixedly connected to the connecting block 501. When the connecting block 501 slides out, it can drive... The limiting block 4023 slides within the limiting groove 4021 and compresses the second spring 4022, causing elastic deformation. When the pressure inside the chamber is released, the third spring 4031 rebounds, causing the second piston 4030 to move upward and reset, thereby causing the connecting column 601 to retract. The first spring 4012 rebounds, causing the first piston 4010 to move upward and reset, and simultaneously causing the push block 4020 to reset and lock. Under the elastic rebound of the second spring 4022, the connecting block 501 can be retracted, thereby allowing the grinding block 600 and the grinding plate 500 to reset synchronously.

[0028] The drive unit is connected to the chamber. The radial sliding stroke of the connecting block 501 is less than that of the connecting column 601. When the grinding roller 302 is inserted into the stepped inner hole of the workpiece, the drive unit can drive the connecting column 601 and the connecting block 501 to extend radially through the linkage, so that the grinding plate 500 abuts against the inner wall of the upper small diameter hole section of the workpiece, and the grinding block 600 abuts against the inner wall of the lower large diameter hole section of the workpiece.

[0029] The drive unit includes: an air chamber 400, which is opened inside the fixed shaft 301, and the bottom end of the air chamber 400 is connected to the first chamber 401; an air compressor pump 700, which is set on the top of the fixed base 300, and the air outlet end of the air compressor pump 700 is provided with a connecting pipe 701. One end of the connecting pipe 701 is movably connected to the top end of the fixed shaft 301 through a rotary joint and is connected to the air chamber 400. By starting the air compressor pump 700, the air compressor pump 700 inputs high-pressure air into the air chamber 400 through the connecting pipe 701, so that the high-pressure air enters the first chamber 401 to drive the linkage to move.

[0030] During processing, the stepped hole bushing workpiece to be processed is first placed on the grinding table 100 and clamped and positioned with the fixing component, so that the end with the larger inner diameter of the workpiece faces down and the end with the smaller inner diameter faces up. The grinding roller 302 is inserted into the inner hole of the bushing workpiece, the drive unit is started, and the power generated is applied to the cavity inside the grinding roller 302 through the fixed shaft 301. The connecting column 601 and the connecting block 501 are driven to slide outward radially through the linkage. Due to the differentiated structural design of the upper and middle branches of the linkage using inclined plane direct push transmission and the lower branch using linkage transmission, the radial sliding stroke of the connecting column 601 is greater than that of the connecting block 501. The connecting column 601 can drive the grinding block 600 to move a long distance and abut against the inner wall of the lower large diameter hole section of the workpiece. The connecting block 501 drives the grinding plate 500 to move slightly and abut against the inner wall of the upper small diameter hole section of the workpiece, so as to realize the synchronous fitting and positioning of the inner walls of the stepped hole with different diameter sections. During grinding, the rotating component drives the grinding roller 302 to rotate through the fixed shaft 301, while controlling the fixed seat 300 to rise and fall slightly. This allows the grinding plate 500 to grind the inner wall of the small-diameter long hole section at the top of the workpiece's inner hole, and the grinding block 600 to grind the inner wall of the large-diameter hole section at the bottom of the workpiece's inner hole. This achieves simultaneous grinding of the inner walls of the two sections of the stepped hole in one go, avoiding the problems of uneven surface roughness and out-of-tolerance roundness caused by inconsistent rotation speed and grinding time in traditional segmented grinding. This greatly improves the consistency and efficiency of the processing of the inner wall of the stepped hole. Meanwhile, this application adopts a positioning method with the large diameter end of the workpiece facing downwards, so that the dust and debris during the grinding process can fall down along the hole wall and be discharged directly through the large diameter hole section. Compared with the large diameter end facing upwards, it is not easy for grinding debris to accumulate at the bottom of the small diameter hole section, which is convenient for cleaning.

[0031] like Figures 3-6 and Figures 9-10 As shown, a venting and chip-removing unit is also provided on the fixed shaft 301. The venting and chip-removing unit includes: An air hood 800 is disposed at the bottom end of the fixed shaft 301 near the upper part of the grinding roller 302, and a plurality of first air outlets 801 are arranged in a ring array on the bottom side of the air hood 800. At least one air inlet 8020 is provided on the side wall of the fixed shaft 301 and inside the air hood 800, and the air inlet 8020 is connected to the air chamber 400. The sealing plate 900 is rotatably mounted on the bottom side of the air cover 800, and its sidewall is provided with multiple second air outlets 901 in a ring array; An adjustment mechanism is provided between the air hood 800 and the sealing plate 900 to adjust the relative positions of the first air outlet 801 and the second air outlet 901.

[0032] The sealing plate 900 is driven to rotate on the bottom side of the air cover 800 by the adjustment mechanism. Since multiple first air outlets 801 and second air outlets 901 are arranged in a ring array on the bottom side of the air cover 800 and the side wall of the sealing plate 900, the relative positions of the first air outlets 801 and the second air outlets 901 can be adjusted by the rotation of the sealing plate 900, so as to realize the switching of air passage opening and closing. When the first air outlet 801 and the second air outlet 901 are staggered and not connected, the air hood 800 is in a closed state. At this time, high-pressure air can circulate in the air chamber 400 to continuously act on the linkage components inside the chamber. When the first air outlet 801 and the second air outlet 901 are aligned and connected, the high-pressure air in the air chamber 400 can flow into the air hood 800 through the air inlet 8020, and then be ejected outward through multiple sets of connected first air outlets 801 and second air outlets 901. Since the first air outlet 801 and the second air outlet 901 are arranged in a ring between the grinding roller 302 and the inner hole of the workpiece, the jet airflow blows the inner hole area of ​​the workpiece downward along the axial direction. At the same time, since the air cover 800 is connected to the outside, the chamber can be depressurized and the air can be exhausted. The grinding plate 500 and the grinding block 600 quickly retract and return to their original positions, releasing the contact state with the hole wall. The high-speed airflow simultaneously washes the gap between the outer end face of the grinding plate 500 and the grinding block 600 and the hole wall, blowing away the attached dust and grinding debris. During continuous grinding, the intermittent air jetting of the inner hole of the workpiece and the contact area between the outer end face of the grinding plate 500 and the grinding block 600 and the inner wall of the hole can be achieved by the cyclical misalignment of the first air outlet 801 and the second air outlet 901. This timely cleaning of dust and debris generated during grinding effectively prevents grinding debris from accumulating in the processing area and causing scratches on the hole wall, thus greatly ensuring the processing quality.

[0033] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the adjustment mechanism includes: a drive motor 8010, which is fixedly connected to the side wall of the air cover 800 by a bracket, and its output end is connected to a gear 8011; a gear ring 8012 is provided on the side wall of the sealing plate 900, and the gear ring 8012 meshes with the gear 8011; a slip ring is provided on the top side of the sealing plate 900, and a sliding groove matching the slip ring is provided on the bottom side of the air cover 800; by starting the drive motor 8010, the drive motor 8010 can drive the gear ring 8012 to mesh and move through the gear 8011, so that the gear ring 8012 drives the sealing plate 900 to rotate at the bottom of the air cover 800; since the longitudinal section of the slip ring and the sliding groove is T-shaped, the sliding engagement between the slip ring and the sliding groove can make the sealing plate 900 rotate stably on the bottom side of the air cover 800, while also preventing the sealing plate 900 from detaching.

[0034] Working principle and process: The stepped-hole bushing workpiece to be processed is placed on the grinding table 100 and clamped and positioned by the fixing assembly, with the end of the workpiece with a larger inner diameter facing down and the end with a smaller inner diameter facing up. The grinding roller 302 is controlled to insert into the inner hole of the bushing workpiece. The drive unit activates the linkage to drive the connecting column 601 and the connecting block 501 to slide outward radially, respectively. The radial sliding stroke of the connecting column 601 is greater than that of the connecting block 501, causing the grinding block 600 to move a long distance and abut against the inner wall of the lower large-diameter hole section of the workpiece. The grinding plate 500 moves slightly and abuts against the inner wall of the upper small-diameter hole section of the workpiece. The rotating assembly drives the fixed shaft 301 to drive the grinding roller 302. 2. Rotate and raise and lower it slightly. The grinding plate 500 grinds the inner wall of the small-diameter long hole section at the top of the workpiece's inner hole, and the grinding block 600 grinds the inner wall of the large-diameter hole section at the bottom of the workpiece's inner hole. This achieves simultaneous grinding of the inner walls of the two sections of the stepped hole in one go. At the same time, the large-diameter hole end of the workpiece is positioned downwards, so that dust and debris during the grinding process can be directly discharged through the large-diameter hole section. During continuous grinding, by controlling the sealing plate 900 to rotate on the bottom side of the air cover 800, the first air outlet 801 and the second air outlet 901 are cyclically staggered to clean the grinding debris stuck in the inner hole of the workpiece and the contact area between the outer end face of the grinding plate 500 and the grinding block 600 and the inner wall of the hole in a timely manner.

[0035] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0036] The foregoing has only described certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grinding device for machining internal holes, characterized in that, include: Polishing table (100); A fixing component is disposed on the grinding table (100) for clamping and fixing the workpiece; A fixed frame (200) is set on the top of the grinding table (100), and a fixed seat (300) is installed inside it in a height-adjustable manner. A fixed shaft (301) is rotatably mounted on the fixed seat (300) via a bearing. The bottom end of the fixed shaft (301) is connected to a grinding unit, and the top end is provided with a rotating component for driving its rotation. The polishing unit includes a polishing roller (302), which has a cavity. A pair of connecting blocks (501) are symmetrically arranged radially above the cavity. The outer ends of the connecting blocks (501) pass through the side wall of the polishing roller (302) and are provided with a polishing plate (500). A pair of connecting columns (601) are symmetrically arranged radially below the cavity. The outer ends of the connecting columns (601) pass through the side wall of the polishing roller (302) and are provided with a polishing block (600). The polishing block (600) is located below the polishing plate (500). A linkage is provided between the connecting blocks (501) and the connecting columns (601). A drive unit is connected to the chamber. The radial sliding stroke of the connecting block (501) is less than that of the connecting column (601). When the grinding roller (302) is inserted into the stepped inner hole of the workpiece, the drive unit can drive the connecting column (601) and the connecting block (501) to extend radially through the linkage, so that the grinding plate (500) abuts against the inner wall of the upper small diameter hole section of the workpiece, and the grinding block (600) abuts against the inner wall of the lower large diameter hole section of the workpiece.

2. The machining internal hole grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chamber includes a first chamber (401), a second chamber (402) and a third chamber (403) arranged sequentially from top to bottom along the axial direction. Two connecting blocks (501) are slidably connected to both ends of the second chamber (402), and two connecting columns (601) are slidably connected to both ends of the third chamber (403).

3. The machining internal hole grinding device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The linkage component includes: A first piston (4010) is disposed above the interior of the first chamber (401). A first spring (4012) is connected to the bottom of the interior of the first chamber (401), and the top of the first spring (4012) is fixedly connected to the first piston (4010). Push block (4020) is disposed above the interior of the second chamber (402) and between two connecting blocks (501). Both ends of the push block (4020) and the inner ends of the connecting blocks (501) are provided with mutually fitting inclined surfaces, and a limiting component is provided between the bottom end of the connecting blocks (501) and the second chamber (402). The second piston (4030) is disposed in the third chamber (403). The top of the third chamber (403) is connected to a third spring (4031). The bottom end of the third spring (4031) is fixedly connected to the second piston (4030). The bottom side of the second piston (4030) is symmetrically hinged to the ends of the two connecting columns (601) with connecting rods (602). A linkage rod (4011) is inserted between the first chamber (401) and the second chamber (402). The top end of the linkage rod (4011) passes through the first piston (4010), and the bottom end of the linkage rod (4011) passes through the push block (4020) and extends into the third chamber (403). A guide hole is provided in the linkage rod (4011).

4. The machining internal hole grinding device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The limiting component includes two limiting grooves (4021) symmetrically arranged on the bottom side inside the second chamber (402). The limiting grooves (4021) are located below the connecting block (501), and a second spring (4022) is fixed to the inner outer end of each of the two limiting grooves (4021). A limiting block (4023) is slidably connected to the inner outer end of the limiting groove (4021). The side wall of the limiting block (4023) is fixedly connected to the second spring (4022), and the top end of the limiting block (4023) is fixedly connected to the connecting block (501).

5. The machining internal hole grinding device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The driving unit includes: An air chamber (400) is formed inside the fixed shaft (301), and the bottom end of the air chamber (400) is connected to the first chamber (401); An air compressor (700) is disposed on the top of the fixed base (300). The air outlet end of the air compressor (700) is provided with a connecting pipe (701). One end of the connecting pipe (701) is movably connected to the top end of the fixed shaft (301) through a rotary joint and communicates with the air chamber (400).

6. The machining internal hole grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the fixed frame (200) is provided with a first cylinder (201), the output end of the first cylinder (201) is connected to the fixed seat (300), both ends of the fixed seat (300) are provided with slides, and both ends of the inner side of the fixed frame (200) are provided with slide rails that match the slides.

7. The machining internal hole grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing component includes a second cylinder (202) fixedly connected to both ends of the top side of the grinding table (100) by a bracket, and clamping blocks (203) are symmetrically arranged at the output ends of the two second cylinders (202).

8. The machining internal hole grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating assembly includes a drive motor (303), a drive wheel (304), a driven wheel (305), and a timing belt (306). The drive motor (303) is located on the top of the fixed base (300), and its output end is connected to the drive wheel (304). The driven wheel (305) is located at the end of the fixed shaft (301), and the timing belt (306) is sleeved between the drive wheel (304) and the driven wheel (305).

9. A grinding device for machining internal holes according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fixed shaft (301) is also provided with an exhaust and chip removal unit, which includes: An air hood (800) is disposed at the bottom end of the fixed shaft (301) near the upper part of the grinding roller (302), and a plurality of first air outlets (801) are provided in a ring array on the bottom side of the air hood (800). At least one air inlet (8020) is provided on the side wall of the fixed shaft (301) and inside the air hood (800), and the air inlet (8020) is connected to the air chamber (400). The sealing plate (900) is rotatably mounted on the bottom side of the air cover (800), and its sidewall is provided with a plurality of second air outlets (901) in a ring array. An adjustment mechanism is provided between the air cover (800) and the sealing plate (900) for adjusting the relative positions of the first air outlet (801) and the second air outlet (901).

10. A grinding device for machining internal holes according to claim 9, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism includes: A drive motor (8010) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the air cover (800) by a bracket, and a gear (8011) is connected to its output end. A gear ring (8012) is provided on the side wall of the sealing plate (900), and the gear ring (8012) meshes with the gear (8011). The top side of the sealing plate (900) is provided with a slip ring, and the bottom side of the air cover (800) is provided with a sliding groove that matches the slip ring.

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