Punching and bending combined processing numerical control machine tool for street code support

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of mechanical device of different metal processing in specific combination, and specifically discloses a punching and bending combined processing numerical control machine tool of street code support, which comprises a workbench, a driving mechanism one is arranged on the workbench, a driving mechanism two is arranged on the driving mechanism one, a driving mechanism three is arranged on the driving mechanism two, a servo motor is arranged on the driving mechanism three, and a twist drill is arranged on the servo motor; a supporting plate is arranged on the workbench, and a bending mechanism one and a bending mechanism two are arranged on the supporting plate. The present application drives the bending concave die rotation by using the rotary motor four, drives the press bending punch rotation by using the rotary motor five, realizes the opposite combination of the second plane and the supporting plate, forms the punching clamping surface, then is flexibly shifted in the three-dimensional space by the driving mechanism one, the driving mechanism two and the driving mechanism three to carry out the drilling, can adapt to the processing requirement of different hole positions, and after resetting, can utilize the first plane and the V-shaped groove to cooperate with the press bending punch to carry out the bending, so that the process conversion time is significantly shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mechanical devices for specific combinations of different metal processing, and more particularly to a CNC machine tool for punching and bending composite processing of street code brackets. Background Technology

[0002] Street brackets are key hardware used in power line installation to fix insulators and conductors. The processing of street bracket plates typically involves multiple steps, including punching and bending. Punching creates mounting holes for connection with crossarms or other hardware, while bending gives the bracket a specific structural shape to meet load-bearing requirements. The processing accuracy of these two steps directly affects the installation adaptability and load-bearing reliability of the street bracket.

[0003] Currently, the punching and bending processes for street code brackets are typically completed in separate steps. First, punching or drilling is performed on a punch press or drilling machine, then the workpiece is transferred to a bending machine for bending. This method requires repeated handling and clamping of the workpiece between different machines, resulting in time-consuming process changes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a CNC machine tool for punching and bending composite machining of street code brackets, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A CNC machine tool for punching and bending composite processing of street code brackets includes a worktable, on which a first drive mechanism is provided, a second drive mechanism is provided on the first drive mechanism, a third drive mechanism is provided on the second drive mechanism, a servo motor is provided on the third drive mechanism, and a twist drill is provided on the servo motor; a support plate is provided on the worktable, and a bending mechanism is provided on the support plate, the bending mechanism includes a steel plate, a fixed plate is provided on the steel plate, a first cylinder is provided on the fixed plate, the first cylinder drives a movable plate through a piston rod, a motor support is provided on the movable plate, a rotary motor is provided on the motor support, and the output end of the rotary motor is connected to a bending die through a connecting rod; a bending mechanism is also provided on the support plate, the bending mechanism includes a second cylinder, the second cylinder drives a moving block through a piston rod, a connecting seat is provided on the moving block, a rotary motor is provided on the connecting seat, and a bending punch is connected to the output end of the rotary motor through a connecting rod, and a support plate is provided at one end of the bending punch.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the servo motor is connected to the twist drill using a precision chuck, which effectively prevents slippage and deviation of the twist drill during high-speed rotation (drilling). Simultaneously, the servo motor can achieve stepless speed adjustment according to the preset hole diameter (e.g., high speed and low torque for small holes, and low speed and high torque for large holes), avoiding problems such as chipping, burrs, or uneven hole walls during drilling. During processing, the first and second cable chains not only provide follow-up protection for the cables of each moving part but also organize the cable routing, preventing circuit failures caused by cable tangling and pulling, ensuring continuous and stable operation of the equipment.

[0008] As a preferred implementation, when switching to the punching process, the equipment mode switching is precisely controlled by the PLC. The rotation angle and speed of rotary motors four and five can be precisely adjusted to ensure that the second plane of the bending die and the support plate of the bending punch rotate inward synchronously, and the clamping surface formed by the two remains horizontal and flat without any height difference. After clamping is completed, the external control system will detect the clamping status of the workpiece again through a vision sensor. Only after confirming that the workpiece is not loose or offset will the punching-related actions be started. (If the equipment is equipped with a punching component, its action logic is similar to that of drilling. The punching component is precisely positioned to the preset punching position through the drive mechanism to complete the punching. If the existing structure is used in conjunction with an external punching tool, the clamping surface provides a stable support base for the punching tool, avoiding hole position deviation caused by workpiece shaking during punching.) When drilling is completed and the process switches to bending, the coordinated actions of bending mechanism one and bending mechanism two are precisely timed: PLC-controlled scheduling ensures that the speed at which the second cylinder pushes the bending punch is synchronized with the speed at which the first cylinder drives the bending die to approach, preventing uneven workpiece stress and bending angle deviations caused by excessively fast feed on one side. The first plane at one end of the bending die and the V-groove on it, with anti-slip textures on the inner wall of the V-groove, increase friction with the workpiece on the support plate, preventing slippage and misalignment during bending. The bottom of the bending die is in close contact with the movable plate, which moves along the steel plate, providing vertical guidance to prevent tilting during sliding. This ensures the bending die remains parallel to the bending punch, guaranteeing accurate bending angles.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, a telescopic rod and a compression spring are sequentially connected to the steel plate, with a limit plate connected to the other end of each. The limit plate is in close contact with the moving block. The elastic preload of the telescopic rod and compression spring connected to the steel plate can be adapted to the length of the telescopic rod (for street code bracket plates of different thicknesses and materials), ensuring that the preload of the limit plate on the moving block is moderate—providing sufficient damping support to suppress the springback after workpiece bending, without obstructing the moving block's feed due to excessive thrust. Simultaneously, the contact surfaces of the limit plate and the moving block are treated with wear-resistant materials to reduce wear caused by long-term contact and sliding, ensuring the stability of the limiting effect.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, one end of the bending die is provided with a first plane, on which a V-shaped groove is formed; the other end of the bending die is provided with a second plane.

[0011] The bottom of the bending die is in close contact with the movable plate.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the movable plate is movably mounted on the steel plate, and a baffle is bolted to the movable plate.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the worktable is provided with a reserved slot. The reserved slot not only shares the cantilever load of the side plate, reduces overturning moment, suppresses vibration, and extends the service life of the equipment, but also further improves the guiding accuracy when the side plate moves, ensuring the consistency of drilling positions.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the drive mechanism includes a rotary motor three mounted on the worktable. The output end of the rotary motor three is connected to a ball screw three via a connecting rod. The ball screw three is provided with a screw nut three and a top plate. A side plate is connected to the top plate. The drive mechanism also includes a slide rod three mounted on the worktable. The slide rod three is provided with a slider three and a top plate is connected to the slider three. The drive mechanism also includes a bearing three mounted on the worktable. One end of the ball screw three passes through the bearing three. A second cable chain is also provided on the worktable.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the side plate is movably inserted into the reserved groove.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, a rotary motor is provided on the side plate. The output end of the rotary motor is connected to a ball screw via a connecting rod. A screw nut is provided on the ball screw, and a slider is connected to the screw nut. A moving plate is connected to the slider, and a rotary motor is provided on the moving plate. The driving mechanism 2 further includes a bearing and a slide rod. The bearing and slide rod are mounted on the side plate. One end of the ball screw passes through the bearing. The slider slides on the slide rod. A first cable chain is also provided on the side plate.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the drive mechanism three includes a rotary motor two, the output end of which is connected to a ball screw two via a connecting rod. A screw nut two is mounted on the ball screw two, a slider two is connected to the screw nut two, a connecting plate is connected to the slider two, and a servo motor is connected to the connecting plate. The drive mechanism three also includes a slide rod two and a bearing two. The slide rod two and the bearing two are mounted on a moving plate. One end of the ball screw two passes through the bearing two. The slider two slides on the slide rod two. In the initial processing stage, in addition to basic visual acquisition and deviation compensation, the equipment first completes self-initialization calibration: the rotary motors (rotary motor one, rotary motor two, rotary motor three), servo motors, and cylinders (first cylinder, second cylinder) of each drive mechanism are reset to their initial zero points. The mating surfaces of the ball screw and the slide rod are pre-lubricated by spraying lubricant to reduce frictional resistance during feeding and avoid feeding jams or positioning deviations due to insufficient lubrication.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the connecting plate is further provided with a bracket, on which a vision sensor is mounted. The vision sensor mounted on the connecting plate bracket can not only collect the position information of the code holder plate to be processed, but also identify the workpiece's specifications (such as thickness and width) and surface condition. If obvious damage, deformation, or discrepancies between the workpiece surface and preset parameters are detected, a signal will be immediately sent to the external control system to trigger a stop alarm, preventing defective workpieces from entering the processing flow and reducing material waste. After data collection, the control system, combined with preset processing parameters (drilling position, hole diameter, bending angle, punching position), calculates the positional deviation and generates precise three-axis linkage compensation commands to ensure that the positioning error of the processing starting point is controlled within the allowable range. When the drilling process starts, the precision of the linkage of the three-stage drive mechanism (drive mechanism one, drive mechanism two, and drive mechanism three) is ensured by multiple structures: one end of the ball screw three of drive mechanism one is inserted into the bearing three of the worktable. The bearing three can effectively counteract the radial runout generated when the ball screw rotates, and prevent the screw from bending and deforming. At the same time, in conjunction with the sliding guide of slide bar three and slider three, it ensures that the lateral movement of the top plate and side plate is smooth and without deviation. Similarly, the bearings one and two of drive mechanisms two and three provide stable support for ball screw one and ball screw two, respectively, reducing the vibration when the screw is running and ensuring the synchronization and accuracy of the feed.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include at least one of the following:

[0020] 1. This invention utilizes a four-wheel drive rotary motor to rotate the bending die and a five-wheel drive rotary motor to rotate the bending punch, achieving an opposing combination of the second plane and the support plate to form a punching clamping surface. Then, through drive mechanism one, drive mechanism two, and drive mechanism three, the device can flexibly shift in three-dimensional space to perform drilling, adapting to the processing requirements of different hole positions. After resetting, the first plane and V-groove can be used to cooperate with the bending punch for bending. This design allows for rapid switching between punching and bending processes at the same workstation without the need to transfer workpieces or change tooling, shortening the process changeover time.

[0021] 2. The bending mechanism of the present invention applies a pre-push force to the limiting plate that is attached to one side of the moving block under the linkage of the steel plate, the telescopic rod and the compression spring. During the bending process, the pre-push mechanism provides continuous damping support for the workpiece, effectively counteracts the elastic recovery force generated when the material is bent, prevents the workpiece from springing back or shifting position at the moment of forming, and ensures the accuracy and consistency of the bending angle.

[0022] 3. The present invention has a reserved slot on the worktable, and the side plate is movably inserted into the reserved slot, so that part of the weight of the side plate is directly transferred to the worktable surface. This structure transforms the side plate from a simple cantilever beam to a simply supported beam, reducing the overturning moment and vibration amplitude generated by the long cantilever structure during high-speed drilling. It effectively solves the problem of oscillating cutter and drilling position drift caused by insufficient system rigidity, and improves the drilling accuracy and the service life of twist drill. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings:

[0024] The accompanying drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way. Furthermore, the shapes and proportions of the components in the drawings are merely illustrative to aid in understanding the invention and do not specifically limit the shapes and proportions of the components. Those skilled in the art, guided by the teachings of this invention, can select various possible shapes and proportions to implement the invention according to specific circumstances.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a CNC machine tool for punching and bending composite machining of street code brackets proposed in this invention. Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drive mechanism, servo motor, and twist drill of a CNC machine tool for punching and bending composite processing of street code brackets proposed in this invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a CNC machine tool for punching and bending composite machining of street code brackets proposed in this invention. Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a CNC machine tool for punching and bending composite machining of street code brackets proposed in this invention. Figure 3 ;

[0029] Figure 5 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the bending mechanism one and bending mechanism two of a CNC machine tool for punching and bending composite processing of street code brackets. Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 6This invention provides a schematic diagram of the bending mechanism one and bending mechanism two of a CNC machine tool for punching and bending composite processing of street code brackets. Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the bending mechanism one and bending mechanism two of a CNC machine tool for punching and bending composite processing of street code brackets proposed in this invention, showing their bending state structure.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling state structure of the bending mechanism one and bending mechanism two of the CNC machine tool for punching and bending composite processing of street code brackets proposed in this invention.

[0033] Figure label:

[0034] 1. Workbench; 2. Side plate; 3. Rotary motor 1; 4. Ball screw 1; 5. Bearing 1; 6. Slide rod 1; 7. Screw nut 1; 8. Slider 1; 9. Moving plate; 10. First cable chain; 11. Rotary motor 2; 12. Ball screw 2; 13. Screw nut 2; 14. Slide rod 2; 15. Slider 2; 16. Bearing 2; 17. Connecting plate; 18. Servo motor; 19. Twist drill; 20. Rotary motor 3; 21. Ball screw 3; 22. Screw nut 3; 23. Slide rod 3; 24. Slider 3; 25. Top plate; 26. Shaft 27. Reserved slot; 28. Bracket; 29. ​​Vision sensor; 30. Second drag chain; 31. Pallet; 32. Steel plate; 33. Telescopic rod; 34. Compression spring; 35. Limiting plate; 36. Fixing plate; 37. First cylinder; 38. Movable plate; 39. Motor support; 40. Rotary motor four; 41. Bending die; 42. First plane; 43. V-groove; 44. Second plane; 45. Second cylinder; 46. Moving block; 47. Connecting seat; 48. Rotary motor five; 49. Bending punch; 50. Support plate; 51. Baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this invention more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0036] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "long," "short," "inner," "outer," and "bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that when a component is considered to be "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intermediate component present simultaneously. When a component is considered to be "set" on another component, it can be directly set on the other component or there may be an intermediate component present simultaneously. It should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "installed," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can refer to the internal communication between two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, these embodiments do not limit the present invention, and any structural, methodological, or functional modifications made by those skilled in the art based on these embodiments are included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] This embodiment provides a CNC machine tool for punching and bending composite processing of street code brackets, including a worktable 1. The worktable 1 is equipped with a first drive mechanism, a second drive mechanism, and a third drive mechanism. The third drive mechanism is equipped with a servo motor 18, and the servo motor 18 is equipped with a twist drill 19. The worktable 1 is also equipped with a support plate 31, which is equipped with a first bending mechanism. The first bending mechanism includes a steel plate 32, a fixed plate 36, and a first cylinder 37, which is driven by a piston rod. There is a movable plate 38, on which a motor support 39 is provided, and on which a rotary motor 40 is provided. The output end of the rotary motor 40 is connected to a bending die 41 via a connecting rod. The support plate 31 is also provided with a bending mechanism 2, which includes a second cylinder 45. The second cylinder 45 drives a moving block 46 via a piston rod. The moving block 46 is provided with a connecting seat 47, and on which a rotary motor 48 is provided. The output end of the rotary motor 48 is connected to a bending punch 49 via a connecting rod. One end of the bending punch 49 is provided with a support plate 50.

[0041] See Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 When punching is required on the coder support plate, the external control system switches modes: the rotary motor 48 drives the bending punch 49 to rotate, turning the support plate 50 at one end inward; simultaneously, the rotary motor 40 drives the bending die 41 to rotate, turning the second plane 44 at the other end inward. At this time, a flat clamping surface is formed between the second plane 44 and the support plate 50, which can firmly clamp the coder support plate to be processed, providing reliable workpiece fixation for subsequent punching processes.

[0042] See Figure 7 The first plane 42 at one end of the bending die 41 and the V-groove 43 thereon cooperate with the bending punch 49 to clamp the workpiece support plate to be processed between them for bending. See also Figure 8 When drilling is required, a baffle 51 is first bolted to the movable plate 38. The baffle 51 limits the movement of the workpiece code bracket plate to be processed. At the same time, a flat clamping surface is formed between the second plane 44 and the support plate 50, which can clamp the workpiece code bracket plate to be processed. Then, the twist drill 19 is driven by the drive mechanism to drill. Finally, the bent and drilled workpiece code bracket plate is assembled and welded to form the code bracket.

[0043] When the street code bracket plate needs to be bent, bending mechanism two is activated: the second cylinder 45 pushes the moving block 46 and the connecting seat 47 to move, thereby driving the bending punch 49 to feed towards the street code bracket plate workpiece. At the same time, bending mechanism one is activated: the first cylinder 37 pushes the movable plate 38 to slide along the steel plate 32, thereby causing the bending die 41 installed on the movable plate 38 to move closer to the workpiece. The first plane 42 at one end of the bending die 41 and the V-shaped groove 43 opened on it cooperate with the bending punch 49 to clamp the street code bracket plate to be processed between them for bending.

[0044] A telescopic rod 33 and a compression spring 34 are sequentially connected to the steel plate 32. The other end of the telescopic rod 33 and the compression spring 34 are connected to a limit plate 35. The limit plate 35 is in close contact with the moving block 46.

[0045] One end of the bending die 41 is provided with a first plane 42, and a V-shaped groove 43 is provided on the first plane 42; the other end of the bending die 41 is provided with a second plane 44; the bottom of the bending die 41 is in close contact with the movable plate 38.

[0046] The movable plate 38 is movably mounted on the steel plate 32. A baffle 51 is bolted to the movable plate 38. The baffle 51 is used to limit the plate to be processed.

[0047] The workbench 1 has a reserved slot 27.

[0048] See Figure 1 Throughout the machining process, the side plate 2 moves through the pre-reserved slot 27 on the worktable 1. The pre-reserved slot 27 not only provides ample space for the movement of the side plate 2, but more importantly, it directly transfers part of the weight of the side plate 2 to the worktable 1, significantly reducing the overturning moment generated by the side plate 2 as a cantilever structure. This greatly improves the overall rigidity of the system during drilling and effectively solves the technical problem of vibration that easily occurs when a long cantilever shaft is drilling at high speed.

[0049] The drive mechanism includes a rotary motor 20, which is mounted on the worktable 1. The output end of the rotary motor 20 is connected to a ball screw 21 via a connecting rod. The ball screw 21 is provided with a screw nut 22, and the screw nut 22 is provided with a top plate 25. A side plate 2 is connected to the top plate 25. The drive mechanism also includes a slide bar 23, which is mounted on the worktable 1. The slide bar 23 is provided with a slider 24, and the slider 24 is connected to the top plate 25. The drive mechanism also includes a bearing 26, which is mounted on the worktable 1. One end of the ball screw 21 passes through the bearing 26. A second drag chain 30 is also provided on the worktable 1.

[0050] The side plate 2 is movably inserted into the reserved groove 27.

[0051] The second drive mechanism includes a side plate 2, on which a rotary motor 3 is mounted. The output end of the rotary motor 3 is connected to a ball screw 4 via a connecting rod. A screw nut 7 is mounted on the ball screw 4. A slider 8 is connected to the screw nut 7. A moving plate 9 is connected to the slider 8. A second rotary motor 11 is mounted on the moving plate 9. The second drive mechanism also includes a bearing 5 and a slide rod 6. The bearing 5 and the slide rod 6 are mounted on the side plate 2. One end of the ball screw 4 passes through the bearing 5. The slider 8 slides on the slide rod 6. A first drag chain 10 is also mounted on the side plate 2.

[0052] The third drive mechanism includes a rotary motor 11, the output end of which is connected to a ball screw 12 via a connecting rod. A screw nut 13 is provided on the ball screw 12, and a slider 15 is connected to the screw nut 13. A connecting plate 17 is connected to the slider 15, and a servo motor 18 is connected to the connecting plate 17. The third drive mechanism also includes a slide rod 14 and a bearing 16. The slide rod 14 and the bearing 16 are mounted on the moving plate 9. One end of the ball screw 12 passes through the bearing 16. The slider 15 slides on the slide rod 14.

[0053] In this embodiment, each drive mechanism (drive mechanism one, drive mechanism two, drive mechanism three) is equipped with a displacement sensor (not shown). When the drive component (such as top plate 25, moving plate 9, connecting plate 17) moves to the preset limit position, the displacement sensor will trigger a signal, and the PLC will immediately control the corresponding motor to stop, so as to avoid collision and damage of the components, and at the same time prevent the workpiece from being scrapped due to over-travel.

[0054] The connecting plate 17 is also equipped with a bracket 28, and the bracket 28 is equipped with a vision sensor 29.

[0055] See Figure 4In this specific embodiment, during the initial processing stage, the vision sensor 29 mounted on the connecting plate 17 first completes visual acquisition, taking pictures of the code bracket plate to be processed. The vision sensor 29 transmits the acquired workpiece image to the external control system (PLC) in real time. The external control system performs image preprocessing, template matching and deviation calculation, and coordinate compensation signal generation on the received workpiece image, identifies the deviation between the actual position of the code bracket plate to be processed and the standard station, and generates the corresponding coordinate compensation signal. The external control system sends the coordinate compensation signal to the motion controller, which drives the rotary motors of each axis (rotary motor 3, rotary motor 11, and rotary motor 20) to perform compensation motion, correcting the actual position of the code bracket plate to be processed so that it coincides with the standard station. It is understandable that the image preprocessing algorithms (including Gaussian filtering and histogram equalization), normalized cross-correlation template matching algorithm, affine transformation matrix solving method, hand-eye calibration method, and communication protocol between the control system and motion controller used in the above-mentioned external control system are all conventional technical means in the field of industrial vision-guided positioning. Their specific algorithm principles and implementation details will not be elaborated here.

[0056] In the initial processing stage, a vision sensor mounted on the connecting plate at the end of the drive mechanism takes pictures of the workpiece on the pallet. The external control system generates coordinate compensation signals to drive each axis to perform compensating movements through image matching and deviation calculation. This closed-loop correction mechanism avoids processing deviations caused by random workpiece placement or wear of the limit switches, achieving precise positioning.

[0057] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 Specifically, the rotary motor 320 of drive mechanism one drives the ball screw 321 to rotate, which in turn drives the top plate 25 and the entire side plate 2 on it to move along the slide bar 323 via the screw nut 322. Simultaneously, the rotary motor 3 of drive mechanism two drives the moving plate 9 to move along the slide bar 6 via the ball screw 4 and screw nut 7. The rotary motor 11 of drive mechanism three drives the connecting plate 17 to move up and down along the slide bar 14 via the ball screw 12 and screw nut 13. Thus, the servo motor 18 and twist drill 19 mounted on the connecting plate 17 are precisely positioned to the drilling position on the code bracket plate under three-axis linkage. The servo motor 18 drives the twist drill 19 to rotate, completing the drilling of the workpiece. During the processing, the cable is protected by the first drag chain 10 and the second drag chain 30.

[0058] See Figure 6During this process, the telescopic rod 33 and compression spring 34 connected sequentially on the steel plate 32 apply a pre-push force to the limiting plate 35, causing the limiting plate 35 to fit tightly against one side of the moving block 46. This pre-push mechanism provides damping support for the bending process, effectively preventing the workpiece from springing back or shifting position during bending and ensuring the accuracy of the bending angle.

[0059] In this implementation, the workbench 1 is also equipped with a control panel (not shown) and an emergency stop button (not shown). When the equipment malfunctions (such as jamming, abnormal noise, or failure to respond to alarms in a timely manner), the operator can manually press the emergency stop button, and the equipment will immediately stop all operations to ensure the safety of the operator and the equipment. After the fault is cleared, the equipment can be restored to its initial state and restarted for processing by manual reset.

[0060] In this implementation, various processing parameters can be flexibly adjusted through an external control system: drilling depth and hole diameter can be set according to the specifications of the coder support plate; bending angle can be achieved by adjusting the feed amount of the piston rod driven by the first cylinder 37 and the second cylinder 45; punching position can be adjusted by the linkage of drive mechanism one, drive mechanism two, and drive mechanism three to adapt to the processing requirements of different models of coder support plates. At the same time, the support plate 31 can be disassembled and adjusted according to the workpiece size, and by replacing the limit plate 35, bending die 41, and bending punch 49 of different specifications, composite processing of coder support plates of various specifications can be realized.

[0061] It is important to note that the "connecting rods" (couplings or connecting shafts) connecting rotary motors 1, 2 (11), and 3 (20) to the ball screw ensure coaxial fixation of the motor shaft and the screw, transmitting rotational power. Rotary motor 40 drives the bending die 41 to rotate via a connecting rod: this "connecting rod" is the transmission main shaft; rotary motor 40 directly drives the bending die 41 to rotate, achieving the bending function. Rotary motor 5 (48) drives the bending punch 49 to rotate via a connecting rod: this "connecting rod" is the transmission main shaft; rotary motor 48 directly drives the bending punch 49 to rotate, achieving the bending function.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1 and further improves the bending die 41.

[0064] In this embodiment, the V-shaped groove 43 formed on the first plane 42 of the bending die 41 has a circular arc transition surface at its bottom. The ratio of the radius of this circular arc transition surface to the thickness of the billet support plate to be processed is 1:1 to 1.5:1. This structure avoids stress concentration and indentation damage to the workpiece surface caused by the sharp bottom of the V-shaped groove during the bending process.

[0065] In this embodiment, the V-groove 43 serves to eliminate stress concentration sources and prevent workpiece cracking. Conventional V-groove molds typically retain a sharp corner or a very small radius at the bottom of the groove. During bending, the sheet metal at the corner of the groove bottom experiences a superposition of bending stress and contact compressive stress, forming a triaxial stress state that can easily exceed the material's strength limit, causing micro-cracks on the workpiece surface or inside. However, this embodiment designs the groove bottom as a rounded transition surface, resulting in a continuous and gentle change in the cross-section at the groove bottom. This effectively eliminates geometric abrupt changes, reduces the stress concentration coefficient during bending, and fundamentally reduces the risk of workpiece cracking. If a sharp-corner V-groove is used, the sharp edges during bending will cut into the workpiece surface like a scraper, disrupting the continuity of the anti-corrosion layer and forming corrosion initiation points in subsequent use. In this embodiment, the rounded transition surface has line contact or narrow band contact with the workpiece, resulting in uniform force distribution. This avoids coating peeling or scratches caused by excessive pressure at a single point, thus ensuring the surface quality and service life of the bracket at the time of manufacture. Regarding the determination of the range of the ratio between the radius of the arc transition surface and the plate thickness, in this embodiment, the ratio is 1:1 to 1.5:1. In this embodiment, the range of 1:1 to 1.5:1 for the ratio of the arc transition surface radius to the plate thickness was determined through the following finite element simulation analysis process:

[0066] First, a three-dimensional finite element model is established, including the bending die 41, the bending punch 49, and the sheet metal for the street code bracket to be processed. The model uses 8-node hexahedral reduced integral elements to mesh the sheet metal, and the mesh is refined in the V-groove contact area. The element size in the refined area is no larger than one-tenth of the sheet thickness to ensure the accuracy of the calculation of contact stress and deformation gradient. A bilinear kinematic hardening model is used for the material constitutive relation to accurately describe the elasto-plastic deformation behavior and springback effect of the sheet metal during the bending process.

[0067] The boundary conditions are set as follows: the bending die 41 is completely fixed; the bending punch 49 applies forced displacement along the direction of the vertical V-groove opening to simulate the bending loading process; the free ends on both sides of the sheet are set as free edges to conform to the non-clamping state in actual processing. The contact pair is set as flexible-rigid body contact, and the friction coefficient is set to 0.12-0.15 based on the actual die surface condition. The augmented Lagrangian method is used for the contact algorithm to avoid contact penetration. During the bending process, the friction state between the surface of the V-groove 43 of the bending die 41 and the surface of the sheet metal to be processed directly affects the force distribution, material flow, and final forming accuracy of the workpiece. The accuracy of the friction coefficient value determines the degree to which the finite element simulation results reproduce the real physical process. The friction coefficient in this simulation is set at 0.12-0.15, based on the following engineering considerations: The surface treatment of the actual mold and workpiece is considered. In the street code bracket processing scenario described in this embodiment, the bending die 41 is made of cold work die steel such as Cr12MoV or SKD11. The V-groove surface in contact with the workpiece is hardened and then ground, achieving a surface roughness Ra of 0.4-0.8 μm. The street code bracket sheet to be processed is mostly Q235B hot-rolled steel plate, typically with a thin layer of oxide scale or slight rust. According to the "Stamping Handbook" and related tribological experimental data, the static friction coefficient between grinding die steel and hot-rolled steel plate under unlubricated dry friction conditions is usually between 0.12 and 0.18. This simulation uses a conservative mid-range value of 0.12-0.15, which is consistent with actual working conditions. The influence of the galvanized layer on friction characteristics is also considered: This invention is particularly suitable for street code brackets with galvanized or anti-corrosion coatings. Hot-dip galvanized layers have a low surface hardness (HV70-100), which leads to micro-plastic deformation under high pressure, increasing the actual contact area and slightly raising the coefficient of friction compared to bare steel. However, the zinc layer also possesses certain self-lubricating properties, so the combined effect keeps the coefficient of friction within the 0.12-0.15 range. If an anti-corrosion coating is applied, the surface becomes smoother, potentially reducing the coefficient of friction to around 0.10. The simulation baseline of 0.12 is a conservative and safe value. A narrow range of values ​​has no substantial impact on the simulation results: comparative simulations of 0.12 and 0.15 show that the differences in simulation results for the evaluation indicators of interest (contact pressure, springback, and coating damage parameters) are less than 5%, not affecting the conclusion regarding the optimal R / t range. Therefore, using the 0.12-0.15 range as the simulation parameter ensures both simulation accuracy and robustness of the conclusions.

[0068] The evaluation indicators include: the maximum equivalent plastic strain (PEEQ), maximum contact pressure (CPRESS), and surface nodal displacement rebound at the contact area between the outer surface of the sheet and the V-groove at the bending endpoint, as well as the simulated damage parameters of the anti-corrosion coating on the sheet surface (characterized by the ratio of contact pressure to coating critical pressure). The smaller the equivalent plastic strain, the smaller the maximum contact pressure (less than the material surface yield strength), the smaller the rebound, and the lower the coating damage parameter (below 1.0), the better the structural parameters. The coating damage parameter is a dimensionless evaluation indicator defined in this simulation, and its physical definition is as follows: Coating damage parameter = Simulated maximum contact pressure (CPRESS) / Critical bearing pressure of the anti-corrosion coating. The critical bearing pressure of the anti-corrosion coating refers to the minimum stress value at which the coating begins to crack, peel, or undergo plastic crushing under pressure perpendicular to the surface; this value is determined by separate material testing. The criterion for the coating damage parameter is: Coating damage parameter < 1.0: The contact pressure has not exceeded the coating's critical bearing capacity. The coating maintains an elastic contact state throughout the bending process, and remains intact after bending, thus fulfilling its anti-corrosion function. This is the criterion for acceptable processing. Coating damage parameter = 1.0: The contact pressure has reached the coating's tolerance limit. The coating is in a critical damage state, with a certain probability of initial micro-cracks. Coating damage parameter > 1.0: The contact pressure exceeds the coating's tolerance limit. The coating will inevitably experience localized crushing, cracking, or peeling from the substrate, losing its protective function. After bending, rework and repair are required, or the product will be deemed scrap. Therefore, the smaller the coating damage parameter, the safer the anti-corrosion layer on the workpiece surface under that structural parameter, and the better the processing quality. When the coating damage parameter for a certain R / t value is below 1.0, it can be confirmed that the arc transition surface design provides acceptable protection for the coating under that working condition; if the value is below 0.6, it is even better, indicating a larger safety margin that can cover variables such as material batch fluctuations and mold wear in actual production.

[0069] Simulations were conducted under five working conditions (R / t) for different arc radius to plate thickness ratios (0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.5, and 1.8). These five conditions were selected based on a comprehensive value selection strategy covering the range from "significant degradation" to "significant over-optimization," aiming to accurately capture performance inflection points and define the boundaries of the optimal range. R / t = 0.8 (Degradation Control Group): This value is below the lower limit of the recommended range, simulating a near-extreme situation of a traditional "corner clearing" V-groove. It is used to verify whether excessive contact pressure, coating damage, and stress concentration actually occur when the arc radius is too small, thus proving the necessity of using an arc transition surface. R / t = 1.0 (Recommended Lower Limit): This value is the theoretical starting point of the recommended range. It is used to verify whether the contact pressure can be reduced below the coating safety line at this ratio, and whether various indicators can meet the qualification threshold. Simulation results confirm this point as the boundary point between "barely qualified" and "basically qualified." R / t = 1.2 (Recommended Median): This value is located in the middle of the recommended range. The simulation results confirm that this is the optimal "sweet spot" for overall performance, including whether the springback is minimized and whether the contact pressure is within the ideal safe range. R / t = 1.5 (Recommended Upper Limit): This value is the theoretical endpoint of the recommended range. It is used to verify whether the forming accuracy (angle deviation, workpiece slippage) is still within tolerance at this ratio, thus determining the upper limit boundary. The simulation results confirm that this is the boundary point of "barely acceptable accuracy". R / t = 1.8 (Over-optimized Control Group): This value is higher than the upper limit of the recommended range. It is used to verify whether the constraint of the V-groove on the workpiece is severely insufficient when the radius of curvature is too large, and whether negative effects such as excessive slippage and excessive bending angle deviation will occur, thus proving the necessity of the upper limit of the recommended range. Through the simulation comparison of these five sets of working conditions, the "invalid range", "acceptable range", and "optimal range" can be clearly delineated at the data level.

[0070] Specifically, the simulation results under five operating conditions (0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.5, and 1.8) are as follows:

[0071] When R / t=0.8, the maximum contact pressure in the bottom contact area reaches 1.3 times the yield strength of the material surface, and the local peak value of the equivalent plastic strain exceeds 0.15, indicating that plastic indentation has begun to form on the workpiece surface; the springback is not significantly improved compared with the reference (R / t=1.0), the coating damage parameter reaches 1.4, and the coating integrity risk is high.

[0072] When R / t = 1.0 to 1.5, the maximum contact pressure drops to less than 0.7 times the yield strength of the material surface, and the equivalent plastic strain drops to less than 0.05, indicating that the workpiece surface is within the elastic contact range and no permanent indentation is generated; the springback reaches its minimum value when R / t = 1.2, which is about 18% lower than R / t = 0.8; the coating damage parameters are all below 0.6;

[0073] When R / t=1.8, due to the excessive curvature of the arc, the effective constraint width of the V-groove side walls on the workpiece is reduced, and the workpiece exhibits obvious lateral slippage (slippage amount>0.3mm) during the bending loading process, resulting in the final bending angle deviation exceeding the design tolerance requirements, and the springback amount showing an upward trend.

[0074] Based on the simulation data above, it was determined that within the range of R / t = 1.0 to 1.5, the surface quality of the workpiece can be effectively protected, stress concentration and coating damage risks can be reduced, and the forming accuracy of the bending angle can be guaranteed. This range is the optimized parameter range required to be protected in this embodiment, ensuring the high applicability and processing yield of this technical solution in actual production. This arc transition surface structure also forms a more stable adaptive contact with the bottom of the arc groove of the V-groove 43 during the bending process in Embodiment 1, where the workpiece is squeezed by the bending die 41 and the bending punch 49. Due to the existence of the arc surface, even if there is a slight positional deviation in the early stage of bending, the workpiece can slide to the center of the groove bottom under the guidance of pressure. At this time, the elastic pre-thrust provided by the telescopic rod 33 and the compression spring 34 in Embodiment 1 no longer needs to use excessive contact friction to prevent the workpiece from slipping, so a spring element with less stiffness can be selected. The smaller pre-thrust means less relative sliding wear between the workpiece surface and the die, and also reduces the energy consumption of driving the first cylinder 37. The remaining structure and working process are the same as in Example 1, and will not be described again here.

[0075] It should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This way of describing the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0076] The detailed descriptions listed above are merely specific descriptions of feasible embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the spirit of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A CNC machine tool for punching and bending composite machining of street code brackets, characterized in that, Includes a workbench (1), on which a first drive mechanism is provided, on which a second drive mechanism is provided, on which a third drive mechanism is provided, on which a servo motor (18) is provided, and on which a twist drill (19) is provided. The workbench (1) is provided with a tray (31), and the tray (31) is provided with a bending mechanism one and a bending mechanism two; The bending mechanism includes a first cylinder (37), which drives a movable plate (38). A rotary motor (40) is provided on the movable plate (38), and the rotary motor (40) is connected to a bending die (41). One end of the bending die (41) is provided with a first plane (42), and a V-groove (43) is provided on the first plane (42). The bending mechanism includes a second cylinder (45), which drives a moving block (46). The moving block (46) is equipped with a rotary motor (48), which is connected to a bending punch (49). One end of the bending punch (49) is equipped with a support plate (50).

2. The CNC machine tool for punching and bending composite processing of street code brackets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bending mechanism also includes a steel plate (32), a fixing plate (36) is provided on the steel plate (32), and a first cylinder (37) is provided on the fixing plate (36). A telescopic rod (33) and a compression spring (34) are connected in sequence on the steel plate (32), and the other end of the telescopic rod (33) and the compression spring (34) is connected to a limit plate (35). The bending mechanism also includes a motor support (39), the movable plate (38) is provided with a motor support (39), and the motor support (39) is provided with a rotary motor (40). The limiting plate (35) and the moving block (46) are in close contact; The movable plate (38) is movably mounted on the steel plate (32).

3. The CNC machine tool for punching and bending composite processing of street code brackets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The other end of the bending die (41) is provided with a second plane (44). The bottom of the bending die (41) is in close contact with the movable plate (38).

4. The CNC machine tool for punching and bending composite processing of street code brackets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bending mechanism 2 also includes a connecting seat (47), the moving block (46) is provided with the connecting seat (47), and the connecting seat (47) is provided with a rotary motor 5 (48).

5. The CNC machine tool for punching and bending composite processing of street code brackets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The workbench (1) is provided with a reserved slot (27).

6. The CNC machine tool for punching and bending composite processing of street code brackets according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes a rotary motor (20), which is mounted on the worktable (1). The output end of the rotary motor (20) is connected to a ball screw (21) via a connecting rod. A screw nut (22) is provided on the ball screw (21), and a top plate (25) is provided on the screw nut (22). A side plate (2) is connected to the top plate (25). The drive mechanism also includes a slide bar three (23), which is mounted on the worktable (1). The slide bar three (23) is provided with a slider three (24), and a top plate (25) is connected to the slider three (24). The drive mechanism one also includes bearing three (26), which is mounted on the worktable (1); One end of the ball screw three (21) passes through the bearing three (26); The workbench (1) is also equipped with a second drag chain (30).

7. A CNC machine tool for punching and bending composite processing of street code brackets according to claim 6, characterized in that, The side plate (2) is movably inserted into the reserved groove (27).

8. A CNC machine tool for punching and bending composite machining of street code brackets according to claim 6, characterized in that, The side plate (2) is provided with a rotary motor (3), the output end of the rotary motor (3) is connected to a ball screw (4) via a connecting rod, the ball screw (4) is provided with a screw nut (7), the screw nut (7) is connected to a slider (8), the slider (8) is connected to a moving plate (9), and the moving plate (9) is provided with a rotary motor (11). The second drive mechanism also includes a bearing (5) and a slide rod (6), which are mounted on the side plate (2); One end of the ball screw (4) is inserted into the bearing (5); A slider (8) slides on the slider (6); The side plate (2) is also provided with a first drag chain (10).

9. A CNC machine tool for punching and bending composite machining of street code brackets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving mechanism three includes a rotary motor two (11), the output end of the rotary motor two (11) is connected to a ball screw two (12) via a connecting rod, the ball screw two (12) is provided with a screw nut two (13), the screw nut two (13) is connected to a slider two (15), the slider two (15) is connected to a connecting plate (17), and the connecting plate (17) is connected to a servo motor (18). The drive mechanism three also includes a slide bar two (14) and a bearing two (16). The slide bar 2 (14) and bearing 2 (16) are mounted on the movable plate (9); One end of the second ball screw (12) is inserted into the second bearing (16); Sliding block two (15) slides on the sliding rod two (14).

10. A CNC machine tool for punching and bending composite machining of street code brackets according to claim 9, characterized in that, The connecting plate (17) is also provided with a bracket (28), and the bracket (28) is provided with a vision sensor (29).

Images