High-chromium grinding ball heat treatment device and process

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of heat treatment, and particularly discloses a high-chromium grinding ball heat treatment device and process, which comprises a quenching unit, a feeding unit, a horizontal moving unit, a lifting unit and a cooling circulating unit. The driving member simultaneously drives the flow disturbing member and the inner rotating cylinder, realizes dynamic flow disturbance of quenching oil and continuous tumbling of the grinding ball, the flow disturbing member reciprocatingly lifts to forcibly vertically convection, breaks the thermal stratification, fully mixes the deep oil of each layer, the inner rotating cylinder rotates to make the grinding ball continuously tumble, rapidly exchanges heat with the quenching oil, effectively inhibits the steam film stagnation, avoids the soft point, obtains high surface hardness and uniform metallographic structure, the tumbling and collision between the grinding balls release the thermal stress and the organizational stress in real time, reduces the cracking and distortion, and shakes off the surface residual carbide and the oxide skin, realizes online surface purification during quenching.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat treatment technology, and more specifically, to a high-chromium grinding ball heat treatment apparatus and process. Background Technology

[0002] High-chromium grinding balls mainly resist material wear through surface hardness and wear resistance. Quenching can transform its metallographic structure into high-hardness martensite while retaining some tough austenite, achieving the ideal state of hard on the outside and tough on the inside, and preventing the grinding balls from breaking and failing during use.

[0003] Existing grinding ball quenching processes typically involve directly immersing the grinding ball-filled frame in static quenching oil for static quenching or simple stirring. This results in temperature differences between the upper and lower parts of the oil due to thermal stratification. The vapor film on the surface of the grinding balls cannot be broken up in time, severely hindering heat exchange. Consequently, the cooling rate of the grinding balls is low, the uniformity is poor, soft spots frequently appear, and the surface hardness and internal metallographic structure fail to meet process requirements. In addition, a heat exchange dead zone is formed in the core of the grinding balls, resulting in insufficient contact between the grinding balls and the quenching oil. The high concentration of structural stress caused by uneven local cooling leads to a significant tendency for quenching cracking and distortion of the grinding balls. The accumulated thermal and structural stresses cannot be released in real time, further exacerbating the risk of cracking. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the above-mentioned technical problems, this invention proposes a high-chromium grinding ball heat treatment device and process.

[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A high-chromium grinding ball heat treatment apparatus, comprising:

[0007] A quenching unit includes a frame on which a quenching tank and a discharge tank are respectively installed. A liftable baffle is provided in the quenching tank, and a drive unit for driving the baffle is connected to one side of the quenching tank.

[0008] The feeding unit is movably disposed above the quenching tank and includes an outer tank body, in which an inner rotating cylinder is rotatably installed and connected to the driving component.

[0009] A transverse movement unit, mounted on a platform, is used to drive the outer tank to move laterally;

[0010] The lifting unit, which is connected to the transverse unit, is used to drive the lifting movement of the outer tank.

[0011] The cooling circulation unit, located on one side of the stand, is used to circulate, cool, and filter the quenching oil in the quenching tank.

[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention: the inner rotating cylinder has several through holes circumferentially, and hollow frames are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the inner rotating cylinder. A rotating shaft that penetrates the outer groove is fixed on the hollow frame, and a feed groove is opened on the outer circumferential surface of the inner rotating cylinder.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention: the bottom of the outer tank is provided with a plurality of strip-shaped slots, the top of the outer tank is provided with a conical guide hopper, the connection between the conical guide hopper and the inner rotating cylinder is provided with an arc-shaped sliding groove, and an arc-shaped sealing plate is slidably embedded in the arc-shaped sliding groove; the bottom of the outer tank facing the discharge trough is provided with a discharge port, and a fan-shaped sealing plate is rotatably installed in the discharge port.

[0014] As a further aspect of the present invention: the baffle includes symmetrically vertically fixed lifting guide rods on both sides inside the quenching tank, a lifting frame is slidably sleeved on the lifting guide rods, and a plurality of flexible baffles are equidistantly arranged on the lifting frame.

[0015] As a further aspect of the present invention: the driving component includes a driving motor fixed on a frame, the output end of the driving motor is connected to a driving shaft that movably passes through and extends into the quenching tank, a crank is fixed on the driving shaft, and a journal is fixed at the end of the crank away from the driving shaft; a paddle is fixedly connected between the two lifting frames, and a through groove adapted to the journal is opened on the paddle.

[0016] As a further embodiment of the present invention: a sleeve is coaxially fixedly connected to the end of the drive shaft, an assembly cavity is provided inside the sleeve, and a slot is provided on the inner wall of the assembly cavity; a transmission sleeve adapted to the assembly cavity is coaxially fixed on the shaft of the inner rotating cylinder facing the drive component, and a key is provided on the outer wall of the transmission sleeve to slide axially with the slot.

[0017] The feeding unit also includes a double-rod cylinder connected to the output end of the lifting unit, and the two ends of the outer tank are provided with suspension frames connected to the double-rod cylinder.

[0018] As a further aspect of the present invention: the transverse unit includes a slide rail horizontally fixed to the top of the frame, a slide table slidably mounted on the slide rail, a transverse motor mounted at one end of the slide rail, a lead screw connected to the output end of the transverse motor, and the slide table threadedly connected to the lead screw.

[0019] As a further aspect of the present invention: the lifting unit includes a vertically sliding slide rod that passes through the slide table, a lifting platform is fixed at the lower end of the slide rod, and a lifting cylinder for driving the slide table is installed on the slide table; the feeding unit is installed on the lifting platform.

[0020] As a further aspect of the present invention: the cooling circulation unit includes an inlet pipe connected to the interior of the quenching tank and a cooling filter tank disposed below the quenching tank, and a delivery pump is installed on the inlet pipe.

[0021] The present invention also discloses a process using a high-chromium grinding ball heat treatment apparatus, comprising the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: Pour the high-chromium grinding balls to be quenched into the inner rotating cylinder inside the outer tank;

[0023] Step 2: Drive the entire feeding unit laterally to directly above the quenching tank using the lateral movement unit;

[0024] Step 3: Drive the outer tank and inner rotating cylinder vertically downward through the lifting unit to completely immerse the grinding balls in the quenching oil; at the same time, the inner rotating cylinder and the driving component complete the transmission connection.

[0025] Step 4: Start the drive unit, drive the turbulence unit to move up and down in the quenching tank, force the oil to flow vertically; at the same time, drive the inner rotating cylinder to rotate relative to the outer tank body, so that the grinding balls continue to roll and collide, release stress and peel off surface residues.

[0026] Step 5: Quenching is complete. The lifting unit drives the outer tank to rise vertically, removing the inner rotating cylinder along with the quenched grinding balls from the quenching oil.

[0027] Step 6: The transverse unit drives the feeding unit to move laterally to directly above the discharge trough, and discharges the quenched grinding balls from the outer tank into the discharge trough.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0029] The driving component simultaneously drives the turbulence-inducing component and the inner rotating cylinder to achieve dynamic turbulence of the quenching oil and continuous tumbling of the grinding balls. The turbulence-inducing component moves back and forth in the quenching tank, forcing vertical convection to completely break the temperature difference between the top and bottom of the quenching oil caused by thermal stratification, allowing quenching oil of different depths to be fully mixed. At the same time, the inner rotating cylinder rotates relative to the outer tank, driving the grinding balls to tumble continuously, ensuring that each grinding ball can quickly exchange heat with quenching oil of different depths, improving the cooling rate and cooling uniformity, effectively suppressing the vapor film stagnation phenomenon commonly found in static quenching oil, avoiding the formation of soft spots in the grinding balls, thereby obtaining higher surface hardness and a more uniform internal metallographic structure.

[0030] The rotation of the inner cylinder not only promotes heat exchange, but also causes continuous and uniform tumbling and collision between the grinding balls. Through mutual collision, the thermal stress and structural stress accumulated inside the grinding balls are released in real time, reducing the tendency of the grinding balls to crack and deform during quenching. The collision and oscillation action shakes off the carbides and oxide scale remaining on the outer shell of the grinding balls, realizing the surface purification of the grinding balls during the quenching process.

[0031] The cooling circulation unit continuously circulates, cools, and filters the quenching oil in the quenching tank. It can precisely control the quenching oil temperature and effectively filter out impurities such as oxide scale. This ensures that the cooling capacity and cleanliness of the quenching oil are improved when processing high-chromium grinding balls in large batches, thus guaranteeing the consistency of the quenching effect between batches. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a high-chromium grinding ball heat treatment device according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a high-chromium grinding ball heat treatment device according to the present invention from another perspective;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the quenching unit and the feeding unit in a high-chromium grinding ball heat treatment device according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding unit in a high-chromium grinding ball heat treatment apparatus according to the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding unit in a high-chromium grinding ball heat treatment apparatus according to the present invention from another perspective;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the inner rotating cylinder in a high-chromium grinding ball heat treatment apparatus according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the outer tank and inner rotating cylinder in a high-chromium grinding ball heat treatment device according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the quenching unit in a high-chromium grinding ball heat treatment apparatus according to the present invention;

[0041] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the drive component in a high-chromium grinding ball heat treatment device according to the present invention.

[0042] In the picture:

[0043] 100. Quenching unit; 110. Stand; 120. Quenching tank; 130. Discharge chute; 140. Baffle; 141. Lifting guide rod; 142. Lifting frame; 143. Flexible baffle; 144. Paddle; 145. Through slot; 150. Drive component; 151. Drive motor; 152. Drive shaft; 153. Crank; 154. Journal; 155. Sleeve; 156. Assembly cavity; 157. Slot;

[0044] 200. Feeding unit; 210. Outer trough; 211. Strip groove; 212. Discharge port; 213. Fan-shaped sealing plate; 214. Conical guide hopper; 215. Arc-shaped chute; 216. Arc-shaped sealing plate; 220. Inner rotating cylinder; 221. Through hole; 222. Hollow frame; 223. Rotating shaft; 224. Feed trough; 225. Transmission sleeve; 226. Locking key; 230. Double-rod cylinder; 240. Suspension frame;

[0045] 300. Lateral movement unit; 310. Slide rail; 320. Slide table; 330. Lateral movement motor; 340. Lead screw;

[0046] 400. Lifting unit; 410. Slide bar; 420. Lifting platform; 430. Lifting cylinder;

[0047] 500, Cooling circulation unit; 510, Liquid inlet pipe; 520, Transfer pump; 530, Cooling filter tank. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the subject matter described herein, and changes may be made to the function and arrangement of the elements discussed without departing from the scope of this specification. Various processes or components may be omitted, substituted, or added as needed in the examples. Furthermore, features described in some examples may be combined in other examples.

[0049] Please see Figure 1 The present invention discloses a heat treatment device for high chromium grinding balls, including a quenching unit 100, a feeding unit 200, a transverse moving unit 300, a lifting unit 400, and a cooling circulation unit 500.

[0050] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The quenching unit 100 includes a frame 110, on which a quenching tank 120 and a discharge tank 130 are respectively installed. A liftable baffle 140 is provided in the quenching tank 120, and a drive unit 150 for driving the baffle 140 is connected to one side of the quenching tank 120.

[0051] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5 The feeding unit 200 is movably disposed above the quenching tank 120, and includes an outer tank body 210. An inner rotating cylinder 220 that is connected to the driving component 150 is rotatably installed inside the outer tank body 210.

[0052] The transverse unit 300 is mounted on the frame 110 and is used to drive the outer tank 210 to move laterally; the lifting unit 400 is connected to the transverse unit 300 and is used to drive the outer tank 210 to move up and down; the cooling circulation unit 500 is mounted on one side of the frame 110 and is used to circulate and cool the quenching oil in the quenching tank 120.

[0053] Specifically, the high-chromium grinding balls to be quenched are poured into the inner rotating cylinder 220 inside the outer tank 210. The lateral movement unit 300 drives the entire feeding unit 200 to move laterally to directly above the quenching tank 120. Then, the lifting unit 400 drives the outer tank 210 to descend into the quenching tank 120, immersing the high-chromium grinding balls in the inner rotating cylinder 220 in the quenching oil within the quenching tank 120. At this point, the inner rotating cylinder 220 is connected to the drive component 150, which drives the flow-dispersing component 140 to reciprocate up and down within the quenching tank 120, thereby vertically turbulenting the quenching oil within the quenching tank 120 and promoting the full flow of quenching oil at different depths. The mixture is mixed to avoid the static quenching oil reducing the heat exchange effect with the grinding balls; at the same time, the drive unit 150 drives the inner rotating cylinder 220 to rotate relative to the outer tank 210, so that the grinding balls in the inner rotating cylinder 220 continue to roll and fully contact the quenching oil of different depths. During the rolling process, the grinding balls collide with each other to release internal stress and cause the residual carbides on the outer shell of the grinding balls to fall off under the vibration. After quenching, the lifting unit 400 drives the outer tank 210 to rise and move out of the quenching tank 120. Then, the lateral moving unit 300 drives the outer tank 210 to move laterally towards the discharge tank 130. Finally, the quenched grinding balls in the outer tank 210 are discharged into the discharge tank 130.

[0054] It should be noted that the driving component 150 simultaneously drives the turbulence component 140 and the inner rotating cylinder 220 to move, realizing dynamic turbulence of the quenching oil and continuous tumbling of the grinding balls; the turbulence component 140 reciprocates within the quenching tank 120, forcibly forming vertical convection, completely breaking the temperature difference between the upper and lower layers of the quenching oil caused by thermal stratification, and ensuring that quenching oils of different depths are fully mixed; at the same time, the inner rotating cylinder 220 rotates relative to the outer tank 210, driving the grinding balls to tumble continuously, ensuring that each grinding ball can quickly exchange heat with quenching oils of different depths, improving the cooling rate and cooling uniformity, effectively suppressing the vapor film stagnation phenomenon commonly found in static quenching oil, avoiding the formation of soft spots in the grinding balls, thereby obtaining higher surface hardness and a more uniform internal metallographic structure;

[0055] The rotation of the inner rotating cylinder 220 not only promotes heat exchange, but also causes continuous and uniform tumbling and collision between the grinding balls. Through mutual collision, the thermal stress and structural stress accumulated inside the grinding balls are released in real time, reducing the tendency of the grinding balls to crack and deform during quenching. The collision and oscillation action shakes off the carbides and oxide scale remaining on the outer shell of the grinding balls, realizing the surface purification of the grinding balls during the quenching process.

[0056] The cooling circulation unit 500 continuously circulates, cools, and filters the quenching oil in the quenching tank 120. It can precisely control the quenching oil temperature and effectively filter out impurities such as oxide scale. This ensures that the cooling capacity and cleanliness of the quenching oil are improved when processing high-chromium grinding balls in large batches, thus guaranteeing the consistency of the quenching effect between batches of products.

[0057] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 6 The inner rotating cylinder 220 has several through holes 221 circumferentially. The inner rotating cylinder 220 has hollow frames 222 symmetrically arranged at both ends. A rotating shaft 223 that penetrates the outer groove 210 is fixed on the hollow frame 222. A feed groove 224 is opened on the outer circumferential surface of the inner rotating cylinder 220.

[0058] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 The outer trough 210 has several strip-shaped slots 211 at its bottom and a conical guide hopper 214 at its top. An arc-shaped sliding groove 215 is provided at the connection between the conical guide hopper 214 and the inner rotating cylinder 220. An arc-shaped sealing plate 216 is slidably embedded in the arc-shaped sliding groove 215. A discharge port 212 is provided at the bottom of one end of the outer trough 210 facing the discharge trough 130. A fan-shaped sealing plate 213 is rotatably installed in the discharge port 212.

[0059] Specifically, during the feeding stage, the feed inlet 224 on the inner rotating cylinder 220 faces upward and is directly opposite the bottom opening of the conical guide hopper 214. The high-chromium grinding balls to be quenched and heat-treated are poured into the inner rotating cylinder 220 through the conical guide hopper 214 and the feed inlet 224. Then, the arc-shaped sealing plate 216 slides along the arc-shaped sliding groove 215 until the arc-shaped sealing plate 216 closes the bottom opening of the conical guide hopper 214.

[0060] When the outer tank 210 is completely immersed in the quenching oil in the quenching tank 120, the power is transmitted through the drive component 150 and the rotating shaft 223, thereby driving the inner rotating cylinder 220 to rotate continuously in the outer tank 210, so that the internal grinding balls continue to tumble. The strip-shaped slot 211 on the outer tank 210 and the through hole 221 on the inner rotating cylinder 220 allow the quenching oil to pass through and fully contact and exchange heat with the grinding balls inside the inner rotating cylinder 220.

[0061] After quenching, the outer tank 210 is moved to the top of the discharge trough 130. The arc-shaped sealing plate 216 at one end of the outer tank 210 is rotated to open the arc-shaped slide 215, so that the grinding balls in the inner rotating cylinder 220 can be discharged through the hollow frame 222.

[0062] It is worth noting that the strip-shaped slot 211 at the bottom of the outer tank 210 and the through hole 221 in the circumferential direction of the inner rotating cylinder 220 form a double-through open flow channel structure. When the inner rotating cylinder 220 rotates in the quenching oil, the grinding balls are continuously agitated. Under the alternating action of centrifugal force and gravity, the quenching oil flows from the strip-shaped slot 211 into the outer tank 210, and then penetrates the grinding ball stack radially in multiple directions through the through hole 221, forming a forced circulation from the outside to the inside and from the bottom to the top. This bidirectional penetration effectively eliminates the heat exchange dead zone caused by the close packing inside the grinding ball stack, so that the entire surface of each grinding ball can fully contact the quenching oil, improve the overall heat exchange efficiency and cooling uniformity, and effectively suppress the stress concentration caused by uneven local cooling.

[0063] During loading, simply rotate the inner rotating cylinder 220 to align the feed inlet 224 with the conical guide hopper 214. The grinding balls can then be quickly poured into the inner rotating cylinder 220 using the guiding effect of the conical guide hopper 214. After loading, push the arc-shaped sealing plate 216 along the arc-shaped slide 215 to prevent the grinding balls from being accidentally thrown out of the feed inlet 224 or stuck in the gap when the inner rotating cylinder 220 is tumbling in the quenching oil. The inner rotating cylinder 220 is supported at both ends by a hollow frame 222, which facilitates the subsequent discharge of the grinding balls in the inner rotating cylinder 220 through the hollow frame 222 from the outer tank 210 to the discharge trough 130.

[0064] The outer tank 210 is provided with a discharge port 212 facing the discharge trough 130, and is equipped with a rotatable fan-shaped sealing plate 213. During the quenching process, the fan-shaped sealing plate 213 is closed to ensure that the side wall of the outer tank 210 is intact and the grinding balls will not leak out when tumbling in the inner rotating cylinder 220. After the quenching is completed, the feeding unit 200 is moved above the discharge trough 130 and the fan-shaped sealing plate 213 is rotated to guide the grinding balls through the discharge port 212 to the discharge trough 130.

[0065] Further, please refer to Figure 8 The baffle 140 includes lifting guide rods 141 that are symmetrically and vertically fixed on both sides inside the quenching tank 120. A lifting frame 142 is slidably sleeved on the lifting guide rods 141. A plurality of flexible baffles 143 are equidistantly arranged on the lifting frame 142.

[0066] Please see Figure 8 and Figure 9 The driving component 150 includes a driving motor 151 fixed on the frame 110. The output end of the driving motor 151 is connected to a driving shaft 152 that movably passes through and extends into the quenching tank 120. A crank 153 is fixed on the driving shaft 152, and a journal 154 is fixed at the end of the crank 153 away from the driving shaft 152. A paddle 144 is fixedly connected between the two lifting frames 142. The paddle 144 has a through groove 145 that matches the journal 154.

[0067] Specifically, the drive motor 151 drives the drive shaft 152 to rotate, thereby causing the crank 153 to swing circumferentially. Then, the journal 154 moves the paddle 144 up and down. The journal 154 slides adaptively in the through groove 145 to drive the lifting frames 142 on both sides to slide vertically up and down along the corresponding lifting guide rod 141, thereby driving the flexible baffle 143 to move up and down back and forth to achieve a turbulence effect on the quenching oil and promote the full fusion of quenching oil of different depths.

[0068] It should be noted that the drive motor 151 drives the crank 153 to rotate through the drive shaft 152. The journal 154 on the crank 153 adaptively slides in the through groove 145 of the paddle 144, converting the uniform rotational motion into the non-uniform vertical reciprocating motion of the lifting frame 142. The lifting frame 142 is fastest at the midpoint of its stroke and has zero speed at the upper and lower dead points, forming periodic rapid acceleration and deceleration. This speed change characteristic allows the flexible baffle 143 to generate pulse-like pushing and sucking of the quenching oil during the movement, which can more effectively break the vapor film on the surface of the grinding ball and promote the intense mixing of the hot and cold oil layers in the vertical direction, thereby obtaining a better heat transfer coefficient and temperature field uniformity.

[0069] Multiple flexible baffles 143 are arranged at equal intervals on the lifting frame 142. When moving up and down, the flexible baffles 143 interact with the quenching oil and undergo moderate elastic deformation, forming a biomimetic fin-like wave-like oscillation. This not only increases the effective baffle area, but also makes the oil flow more gentle and in a three-dimensional turbulent state.

[0070] The quenching tank 120 has symmetrical lifting guide rods 141 on both sides inside, which jointly support and guide the lifting frame 142. This dual-side synchronous vertical guide structure ensures that the lifting frame 142 and the flexible baffle 143 on it always maintain a horizontal posture throughout the entire lifting stroke, and will not tilt or shake due to uneven oil resistance, thus ensuring the symmetry and consistency of the baffle effect.

[0071] Furthermore, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 9 The drive shaft 152 is also coaxially fixedly connected to a sleeve 155 at its end. The sleeve 155 has an assembly cavity 156, and the inner wall of the assembly cavity 156 has a slot 157. The inner rotating cylinder 220 has a transmission sleeve 225 adapted to the assembly cavity 156 coaxially fixed on the rotating shaft 223 facing the drive component 150. The outer wall of the transmission sleeve 225 is provided with a key 226 that is axially adapted to the slot 157.

[0072] The feeding unit 200 also includes a double-rod cylinder 230 connected to the output end of the lifting unit 400, and the outer groove 210 is provided with a suspension frame 240 connected to the double-rod cylinder 230 at both ends;

[0073] Specifically, while the drive motor 151 drives the aerodynamic component 140 to reciprocate up and down, it also drives the sleeve 155 to rotate synchronously via the drive shaft 152. When the lifting unit 400 descends to its position, the transmission sleeve 225 on the rotating shaft 223 is vertically inserted into the assembly cavity 156 of the sleeve 155, and at the same time, the locking key 226 is also locked into the slot 157. Thus, the circumferential limiting of the locking key 226 and the slot 157 realizes the torque transmission between the drive shaft 152 and the rotating shaft 223, thereby achieving the continuous rotation of the inner rotating drum 220; while the drive motor 151 drives the inner rotating drum 220 to rotate... During the process, the double-rod cylinder 230 drives the outer groove 210 and the inner rotating cylinder 220 to reciprocate along the axial direction (i.e., laterally) through the suspension frame 240. This allows the grinding balls in the inner rotating cylinder 220 to not only continuously roll but also reciprocate in the horizontal direction, further promoting the uniform contact between the grinding balls and the quenching oil. When the outer groove 210 and the inner rotating cylinder 220 reciprocate axially, since the axial length of the key 226 is less than the axial length of the slot 157, the key 226 also slides adaptively in the slot 157 without affecting the torque transmission between the sleeve 155 and the transmission sleeve 225.

[0074] It should be noted that a sleeve 155 is provided at the end of the drive shaft 152, and a matching transmission sleeve 225 is provided on the shaft 223 of the inner rotating cylinder 220. When the lifting unit 400 drives the feeding unit 200 to descend to the working position, the transmission sleeve 225 is precisely inserted vertically into the assembly cavity 156 of the sleeve 155, and at the same time, the key 226 slides axially into the slot 157. The key 226 and the slot 157 adopt an axial sliding fit, and the axial length of the key 226 is less than the axial length of the slot 157. While transmitting circumferential torque, relative axial displacement between the two is allowed. When the double-rod cylinder 230 drives the outer tank 210 and the inner rotating cylinder 220 to move laterally reciprocally through the suspension frame 240, the key 226 adaptively reciprocates within the slot 157, always maintaining the meshed state without disengaging, ensuring the continuous and stable transmission of rotational torque.

[0075] The double-rod cylinder 230 drives the entire outer tank 210 and its inner rotating cylinder 220 to move axially and reciprocally through the suspension frame 240. This causes the grinding balls to roll circumferentially with the inner rotating cylinder 220 while also bearing a horizontal reciprocating inertial force. This combined motion forces the grinding ball pile to generate periodic axial compression and loosening outside of rolling, continuously reconstructing the contact pattern and gap distribution between the grinding balls. This effectively breaks the static accumulation core that may form in the core of the grinding ball pile, ensuring that the quenching oil can dynamically penetrate to any position in the grinding ball pile, so that all surfaces of each grinding ball can fully contact and exchange heat with the flowing quenching oil, thereby improving the quenching uniformity to a higher level.

[0076] Both ends of the outer groove 210 are connected to the double-rod cylinder 230 through the suspension bracket 240, forming a symmetrical force application and guidance layout on both sides. This ensures that the outer groove 210 and the inner rotating cylinder 220 maintain balanced force at both ends during axial reciprocating movement, effectively suppressing the swaying or uneven wear phenomenon that may be caused by the eccentricity of the driving force on one side, and ensuring that the fit between the transmission sleeve 225 and the ferrule 155 always remains coaxial, reducing abnormal wear.

[0077] In yet another embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 The transverse unit 300 includes a slide rail 310 horizontally fixed to the top of the frame 110, a slide table 320 slidably mounted on the slide rail 310, a transverse motor 330 mounted at one end of the slide rail 310, a lead screw 340 connected to the output end of the transverse motor 330, and the slide table 320 threadedly connected to the lead screw 340.

[0078] Please see Figure 2 The lifting unit 400 includes a vertical sliding rod 410 that slides through the slide table 320. The lower end of the sliding rod 410 is fixed to the lifting table 420. A lifting cylinder 430 for driving the slide table 320 is installed on the slide table 320. The feeding unit 200 is installed on the lifting table 420.

[0079] Specifically, by driving the lead screw 340 to rotate through the transverse motor 330, the slide table 320 can be driven to slide horizontally along the slide rail 310, thereby driving the feeding unit 200 to move laterally, thus realizing the transfer of the feeding unit 200 between the loading position, the quenching position and the unloading position.

[0080] The lifting cylinder 430 drives the lifting platform 420 to move up and down. The lifting platform 420 is vertically guided to drive the feeding unit 200 to move up and down vertically, thereby realizing the immersion and removal of the feeding unit 200 in the quenching oil.

[0081] Further, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The cooling circulation unit 500 includes an inlet pipe 510 connected to the interior of the quenching tank 120 and a cooling filter tank 530 disposed below the quenching tank 120. A delivery pump 520 is installed on the inlet pipe 510.

[0082] Specifically, the external quenching oil refined liquid pipe 510, which has been cooled and filtered to remove impurities, is pumped into the quenching tank 120 by the transfer pump 520, while the oil in the quenching tank 120, after being quenched and heated, flows downward into the cooling and filtering tank 530 for forced cooling and filtration.

[0083] It should be noted that the cooling filter tank 530 is located below the quenching tank 120. After the quenching oil is heated, it flows downward into the cooling filter tank 530 by its own gravity. The quenching tank 120 and the cooling filter tank 530 are functionally separated. After the quenching oil completes the rapid cooling of the grinding ball in the quenching tank 120, it is immediately guided to the cooling filter tank 530 below for forced cooling. The cooled clean oil is then pumped back by the delivery pump 520 through the liquid inlet pipe 510 in a metered manner, ensuring that the oil temperature in the quenching tank 120 is always maintained within the process window. This avoids the decline in cooling capacity caused by the cumulative increase in oil temperature during continuous operation and ensures strict consistency of quenching effect between batches.

[0084] The cooling filter tank 530 performs filtration while cooling. Solid impurities such as oxide scale and carbide debris that fall off the surface of the grinding ball during the quenching process are continuously discharged with the hot oil flow and filtered out, so that the quenching oil circulating back to the quenching tank 120 always maintains a high level of cleanliness. This not only prevents impurities from clogging the through hole 221 of the inner rotating cylinder 220 and the strip groove 211 of the outer tank 210, ensuring the smooth flow of heat exchange channels, but also prevents impurities from re-adhering to the surface of the grinding ball and forming surface defects, thereby improving the surface quality level of the grinding ball.

[0085] Low-temperature clean oil is injected from the upper part or a specific area of ​​the quenching tank 120 through the liquid inlet pipe 510, while high-temperature oil flows into the cooling filter tank 530 from the lower part. A stable longitudinal temperature gradient of upper cooling and lower heating is naturally formed in the quenching tank 120, which is consistent with the forced vertical convection direction generated by the turbulence device 140. The synergistic effect of the two can break the thermal stratification more quickly and achieve uniform temperature throughout the tank, so that the cooling capacity of the quenching oil on the grinding ball is highly uniform throughout the entire working space.

[0086] The present invention also provides a process using a high-chromium grinding ball heat treatment apparatus, comprising the following steps:

[0087] Step 1: Pour the high-chromium grinding balls to be quenched into the inner rotating cylinder 220 inside the outer tank 210;

[0088] Step 2: Drive the entire feeding unit 200 laterally to be directly above the quenching tank 120 via the transverse unit 300;

[0089] Step 3: Drive the outer tank 210 and inner rotating cylinder 220 vertically downward through the lifting unit 400, so that the grinding ball is completely immersed in the quenching oil; at the same time, the inner rotating cylinder 220 and the driving component 150 complete the transmission connection.

[0090] Step 4: Start the drive unit 150, drive the turbulence unit 140 to move up and down in the quenching tank 120, and force the oil to flow vertically; at the same time, drive the inner rotating cylinder 220 to rotate relative to the outer tank 210, so that the grinding balls continue to roll and collide, release stress and peel off surface residues.

[0091] Step 5: Quenching is complete. The lifting unit 400 drives the outer tank 210 to rise vertically, removing the inner rotating cylinder 220 along with the quenched grinding balls from the quenching oil.

[0092] Step 6: The transverse unit 300 drives the feeding unit 200 to move laterally to directly above the discharge trough 130, and discharges the quenched grinding balls in the outer tank 210 into the discharge trough 130.

[0093] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the present invention, all of which are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat treatment apparatus for high-chromium grinding balls, characterized in that, include: The quenching unit (100) includes a frame (110), on which a quenching tank (120) and a discharge tank (130) are respectively installed. A liftable baffle (140) is provided in the quenching tank (120), and a drive (150) for driving the baffle (140) is connected to one side of the quenching tank (120). The feeding unit (200) is movably disposed above the quenching tank (120) and includes an outer tank body (210). An inner rotating cylinder (220) that is rotatably installed in the outer tank body (210) and is connected to the driving component (150) for transmission. A transverse unit (300), which is mounted on a platform (110), is used to drive the outer tank (210) to move laterally; A lifting unit (400), which is connected to a transverse unit (300), is used to drive the outer tank (210) to move up and down; A cooling circulation unit (500) is provided on one side of the stand (110) for circulating and cooling the quenching oil in the quenching tank (120).

2. The high-chromium grinding ball heat treatment apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner rotating cylinder (220) has several through holes (221) in the circumferential direction. Hollow frames (222) are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the inner rotating cylinder (220). A rotating shaft (223) that passes through the outer groove (210) is fixed on the hollow frame (222). A feed groove (224) is opened on the outer circumferential surface of the inner rotating cylinder (220).

3. The high-chromium grinding ball heat treatment apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the outer tank (210) is provided with several strip-shaped slots (211), and the top of the outer tank (210) is provided with a conical guide hopper (214). The conical guide hopper (214) and the inner rotating cylinder (220) are connected by an arc-shaped sliding groove (215). An arc-shaped sealing plate (216) is slidably embedded in the arc-shaped sliding groove (215). The bottom of the outer tank (210) facing the discharge trough (130) is provided with a discharge port (212). A fan-shaped sealing plate (213) is rotatably installed in the discharge port (212).

4. The high-chromium grinding ball heat treatment apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The baffle (140) includes lifting guide rods (141) that are symmetrically and vertically fixed on both sides inside the quenching tank (120). A lifting frame (142) is slidably sleeved on the lifting guide rod (141), and several flexible baffles (143) are equidistantly arranged on the lifting frame (142).

5. The high-chromium grinding ball heat treatment apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drive unit (150) includes a drive motor (151) fixed on the frame (110), the output end of the drive motor (151) is connected to a drive shaft (152) that moves through and extends into the quenching tank (120), a crank (153) is fixed on the drive shaft (152), and a journal (154) is fixed at one end of the crank (153) away from the drive shaft (152); a paddle (144) is fixedly connected between the two lifting frames (142), and a through groove (145) adapted to the journal (154) is provided on the paddle (144).

6. The high-chromium grinding ball heat treatment apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drive shaft (152) is also coaxially fixedly connected to a sleeve (155), the sleeve (155) has an assembly cavity (156) inside, and the inner wall of the assembly cavity (156) has a slot (157); the inner rotating cylinder (220) has a transmission sleeve (225) adapted to the assembly cavity (156) on the rotating shaft (223) facing the drive component (150) of the inner rotating cylinder (220), and the outer wall of the transmission sleeve (225) is provided with a key (226) adapted to the axial sliding of the slot (157). The feeding unit (200) also includes a double-rod cylinder (230) connected to the output end of the lifting unit (400), and the outer tank (210) is provided with a suspension frame (240) connected to the double-rod cylinder (230) at both ends.

7. The high-chromium grinding ball heat treatment apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transverse unit (300) includes a slide rail (310) horizontally fixed to the top of the frame (110), a slide table (320) slidably mounted on the slide rail (310), a transverse motor (330) mounted on one end of the slide rail (310), a lead screw (340) connected to the output end of the transverse motor (330), and the slide table (320) and the lead screw (340) threadedly connected.

8. The high-chromium grinding ball heat treatment apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The lifting unit (400) includes a slide rod (410) that slides vertically through the slide table (320), and the lower end of the slide rod (410) is fixed to the lifting table (420). The slide table (320) is equipped with a lifting cylinder (430) for driving the slide table (320); the feeding unit (200) is installed on the lifting table (420).

9. The high-chromium grinding ball heat treatment apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling circulation unit (500) includes an inlet pipe (510) connected to the interior of the quenching tank (120) and a cooling filter tank (530) located below the quenching tank (120). A delivery pump (520) is installed on the inlet pipe (510).

10. A process using the high-chromium grinding ball heat treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Pour the high-chromium grinding balls to be quenched into the inner rotating cylinder (220) inside the outer tank (210); Step 2: Drive the entire feeding unit (200) to move laterally to directly above the quenching tank (120) via the transverse unit (300); Step 3: Drive the outer tank (210) and inner rotating cylinder (220) vertically downward through the lifting unit (400) so that the grinding ball is completely immersed in the quenching oil; at the same time, the inner rotating cylinder (220) and the driving component (150) complete the transmission connection. Step 4: Start the drive unit (150) and drive the turbulence unit (140) to move up and down in the quenching tank (120) to force the oil to flow vertically; at the same time, drive the inner rotating cylinder (220) to rotate relative to the outer tank body (210) so that the grinding balls continue to roll and collide, release stress and peel off surface residues. Step 5: Quenching is complete. The lifting unit (400) drives the outer tank (210) to rise vertically, removing the inner rotating cylinder (220) along with the quenched grinding ball from the quenching oil. Step 6: The transverse unit (300) drives the feeding unit (200) to move laterally to directly above the discharge trough (130) and discharge the quenched grinding balls in the outer tank (210) into the discharge trough (130).

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