Cascade temperature and humidity compensation method of semiconductor combustible gas sensor and monitoring terminal
By employing a cascaded temperature and humidity compensation method, combined with multivariate polynomial fitting and a lightweight neural network model, the baseline drift and response offset problems of low-cost semiconductor combustible gas sensors under temperature and humidity changes are solved, achieving stability and accuracy of monitoring results, and making it suitable for low-cost distributed monitoring nodes.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202610544669.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-24
Smart Images
Figure CN122448916A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of combustible gas detection technology, specifically to a cascaded temperature and humidity compensation method and monitoring terminal for a semiconductor combustible gas sensor. Background Technology
[0002] In urban gas infrastructure and modern buildings, there are numerous enclosed or semi-enclosed spaces such as pipe shafts, gas valve rooms, and meter boxes. Ventilation in these spaces is relatively limited, and when a small gas leak occurs, flammable gas may accumulate in localized areas. If timely monitoring and early warning are not provided when gas concentrations are low, it can pose certain safety risks. Considering the large number and dispersed distribution of these spaces, achieving multi-point coverage monitoring typically requires the use of low-cost, low-power, and easily distributed online monitoring terminals.
[0003] In existing combustible gas monitoring technologies, common detection schemes include gas sensors based on the non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) principle and catalytic combustion gas sensors. These schemes typically offer good detection stability and anti-interference capabilities, but their hardware cost, power consumption, and system complexity are relatively high, limiting their application in some low-cost, node-based deployment scenarios. In contrast, low-cost gas sensors based on metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) devices offer advantages such as low cost, small size, and simple peripheral interface circuitry, making them more suitable for constructing distributed combustible gas monitoring nodes.
[0004] However, the output of low-cost semiconductor gas sensors is susceptible to changes in ambient temperature and humidity. In practical applications, variations in ambient temperature and humidity affect the adsorption state and electrical properties of the sensor's sensitive material surface, leading to changes in its output baseline or response characteristics. This phenomenon typically manifests as baseline drift and response shift in monitoring results; that is, even under the same gas conditions, differences in ambient temperature and humidity can cause variations in the sensor's output signal, thus affecting the accuracy and stability of identifying abnormal gas accumulation.
[0005] In existing technologies, methods for addressing the influence of temperature and humidity on gas sensors often employ offline data correction or rely on relatively complex compensation devices. These methods typically struggle to simultaneously meet the demands of simultaneous multi-source data acquisition at the front end, online compensation processing at the terminal, and remote deployment. Therefore, their applicability remains limited in low-cost, resource-constrained distributed monitoring node scenarios. Summary of the Invention
[0006] This application provides a cascaded temperature and humidity compensation method and monitoring terminal for semiconductor combustible gas sensors, which solves the problems of output baseline drift, response offset and decreased monitoring stability of existing low-cost semiconductor combustible gas sensors under environmental temperature and humidity changes.
[0007] The specific technical solution of this embodiment is as follows: In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a cascaded temperature and humidity compensation method for a semiconductor combustible gas sensor, comprising the following steps: Collect raw gas detection data, ambient temperature data, and ambient humidity data; The collected raw gas detection data, ambient temperature data, and ambient humidity data are input into a pre-deployed cascaded temperature and humidity compensation model, and online compensation processing is performed to obtain the compensated gas detection results. The cascaded temperature and humidity compensation model includes a front-stage explicit compensation model and a rear-stage residual correction model. Online compensation processing includes: Using a pre-stage explicit compensation model, the estimated offset is calculated based on ambient temperature and humidity data, and the estimated offset is used to preliminarily correct the original gas detection data to obtain preliminary compensation results. By using the post-stage residual correction model, the preliminary compensation results, ambient temperature data, and ambient humidity data are used as input features to correct the remaining nonlinear coupling error after the pre-stage compensation, thus obtaining the compensated gas detection results.
[0008] In some embodiments, the method for constructing the pre-stage explicit compensation model includes the following steps: a multivariate polynomial fitting model, using ambient temperature parameters and ambient humidity parameters as inputs and the gas sensor output offset as the fitting target, to obtain the pre-stage explicit compensation model.
[0009] In some embodiments, the method for constructing the post-stage residual correction model includes the following steps: employing a lightweight feedforward neural network model, the neural network model including an input layer, at least one hidden layer, and an output layer.
[0010] In some embodiments, the input features of the input layer also include raw gas detection data.
[0011] In some embodiments, the method for constructing a cascaded temperature and humidity compensation model includes the following steps: During the calibration experiment, raw gas detection data, ambient temperature data, and ambient humidity data under different temperature and humidity combinations were collected simultaneously to construct a calibration dataset. Based on the calibration dataset, the mapping features between changes in environmental parameters and sensor output offset are extracted; Based on the mapping characteristics, a cascaded temperature and humidity compensation model is constructed, consisting of a front-stage explicit compensation model and a rear-stage residual correction model connected in series.
[0012] In some embodiments, after obtaining the compensated gas detection result, the method further includes the following steps: Based on the degree of deviation of the compensated gas detection result from the preset judgment threshold, an abnormal accumulation is judged, and an alarm and information reporting are triggered when the preset abnormal conditions are met.
[0013] On the other hand, embodiments of this application provide a semiconductor combustible gas sensor monitoring terminal, which obtains gas detection results based on any of the methods in the above embodiments. The semiconductor combustible gas sensor monitoring terminal includes: Main control module; The combustible gas acquisition module is connected to the main control module and is configured to acquire raw gas detection data. The ambient temperature and humidity acquisition module is connected to the main control module and is configured to synchronously acquire ambient temperature and humidity data. The main control module is configured to execute a cascaded temperature and humidity compensation model to perform online compensation processing on the original gas detection data and obtain the compensated gas detection results.
[0014] In some embodiments, the main control module is connected to the combustible gas acquisition module via an analog-to-digital converter interface and to the ambient temperature and humidity acquisition module via a serial bus interface.
[0015] In some embodiments, the semiconductor combustible gas sensor monitoring terminal further includes a power supply module, which is configured to provide the operating voltage required by different functional modules. The power supply module includes an input power supply unit, a first-stage step-down conversion unit, and a second-stage regulated output unit.
[0016] In some embodiments, the semiconductor combustible gas sensor monitoring terminal further includes a status indication module, which is communicatively connected to the main control module. The status indication module includes a network status indication unit and an alarm status indication unit. The main control module controls the status indication module to be lit, turned off, or flashing through a general-purpose input / output interface.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of this application have the following beneficial effects: (1) Improved output stability under low-cost hardware conditions: The embodiments of this application do not require the use of expensive infrared gas sensors or complex dual-probe compensation bridges. Relying on the low-cost MQ-4 semiconductor sensor and SHT30 environmental sensor, by introducing a cascaded compensation model at the software algorithm layer, the output drift caused by temperature and humidity cross-interference of the semiconductor sensor is reduced, thereby improving the consistency and usability of monitoring results under low-cost hardware conditions.
[0018] (2) A cascaded compensation structure suitable for edge terminal deployment is proposed: The embodiments of this application adopt a cascaded compensation method that combines a front-end explicit compensation model with a rear-end residual correction model. The front-end model is used to eliminate the main offset caused by changes in environmental temperature and humidity, and the rear-end model is used to further correct the remaining nonlinear error, thereby achieving a balance between compensation effect and terminal computing overhead.
[0019] (3) Improve the reliability of early warning under complex working conditions: By combining the anti-interference hardware power supply design with the hardware and software collaborative synchronous sampling mechanism, the terminal can reduce the interference of environmental factors on gas detection output under complex working conditions such as ambient temperature fluctuations or high humidity, thereby helping to improve the stability of monitoring output and the consistency of anomaly identification. Attached Figure Description
[0020] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the overall architecture of a terminal system provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 2 These are schematic diagrams of specific circuit embodiments of the main control module provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 3 These are schematic diagrams of specific circuit embodiments of the combustible gas detection module provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a specific circuit embodiment of the environmental temperature and humidity acquisition module provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 5 These are schematic diagrams of specific circuit embodiments of the communication module provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 6 These are schematic diagrams of specific circuit embodiments of the status indication module provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 These are schematic diagrams of specific circuit embodiments of the power module provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the cascaded temperature and humidity compensation method provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 11 This is a topology diagram of a cascaded temperature and humidity compensation model provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 12 This is a functional block diagram of a cascaded temperature and humidity compensation device provided in some embodiments of this application.
Claims
1. A cascaded temperature and humidity compensation method for a semiconductor combustible gas sensor, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Collect raw gas detection data, ambient temperature data, and ambient humidity data; The collected raw gas detection data, ambient temperature data, and ambient humidity data are input into a pre-deployed cascaded temperature and humidity compensation model to perform online compensation processing and obtain the compensated gas detection results. The cascaded temperature and humidity compensation model includes a front-stage explicit compensation model and a rear-stage residual correction model. The online compensation processing includes: The estimated offset is calculated based on the ambient temperature and humidity data using the aforementioned explicit compensation model, and the estimated offset is used to preliminarily correct the original gas detection data to obtain a preliminary compensation result. The subsequent residual correction model uses the preliminary compensation result, the ambient temperature data, and the ambient humidity data as input features to correct the remaining nonlinear coupling error after the previous compensation, thus obtaining the compensated gas detection result.
2. The cascaded temperature and humidity compensation method for a semiconductor combustible gas sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for constructing the pre-stage explicit compensation model includes the following steps: a multivariate polynomial fitting model, using environmental temperature parameters and environmental humidity parameters as inputs, and the gas sensor output offset as the fitting target, to obtain the pre-stage explicit compensation model.
3. The cascaded temperature and humidity compensation method for a semiconductor combustible gas sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for constructing the post-stage residual correction model includes the following steps: using a lightweight feedforward neural network model, wherein the neural network model includes an input layer, at least one hidden layer, and an output layer.
4. The cascaded temperature and humidity compensation method for a semiconductor combustible gas sensor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The input features of the input layer also include the raw gas detection data.
5. The cascaded temperature and humidity compensation method for a semiconductor combustible gas sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for constructing the cascaded temperature and humidity compensation model includes the following steps: During the calibration experiment, raw gas detection data, ambient temperature data, and ambient humidity data under different temperature and humidity combinations were collected simultaneously to construct a calibration dataset. Based on the calibration dataset, the mapping features between environmental parameter changes and sensor output offset are extracted; Based on the mapping characteristics, a cascaded temperature and humidity compensation model is constructed, consisting of the preceding explicit compensation model and the subsequent residual correction model connected in series.
6. The cascaded temperature and humidity compensation method for a semiconductor combustible gas sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, After obtaining the compensated gas detection result, the process further includes the following steps: Based on the degree of deviation of the compensated gas detection result from the preset judgment threshold, an abnormal accumulation judgment is made, and an alarm and information reporting are triggered when the preset abnormal conditions are met.
7. A semiconductor combustible gas sensor monitoring terminal, characterized in that, Based on the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, a gas detection result is obtained, and the semiconductor combustible gas sensor monitoring terminal includes: Main control module; A combustible gas acquisition module is communicatively connected to the main control module, and the combustible gas acquisition module is configured to acquire raw gas detection data. An environmental temperature and humidity acquisition module is communicatively connected to the main control module, and the environmental temperature and humidity acquisition module is configured to synchronously acquire environmental temperature data and environmental humidity data. The main control module is configured to execute the cascaded temperature and humidity compensation model to perform online compensation processing on the original gas detection data and obtain the compensated gas detection results.
8. The semiconductor combustible gas sensor monitoring terminal according to claim 7, characterized in that, The main control module is connected to the combustible gas acquisition module through an analog-to-digital conversion interface and to the ambient temperature and humidity acquisition module through a serial bus interface.
9. The semiconductor combustible gas sensor monitoring terminal according to claim 7, characterized in that, The semiconductor combustible gas sensor monitoring terminal also includes a power supply module, which is configured to provide the operating voltage required by different functional modules. The power supply module includes an input power supply unit, a first-stage step-down conversion unit, and a second-stage regulated output unit.
10. The semiconductor combustible gas sensor monitoring terminal according to claim 7, characterized in that, The monitoring terminal includes a status indicator module that is communicatively connected to the main control module. The status indicator module includes a network status indicator unit and an alarm status indicator unit. The main control module controls the status indicator module to light up, turn off, or flash through a general-purpose input / output interface.