Systems and methods for history-aided perception

Abstract

At least one aspect relates to the following systems, methods, apparatuses, or computer readable media. A sensing device can determine measurement history information acquired in an inter-sensory awareness convergence (ISAC) system. The sensing device can determine (e.g., receive or establish) a sensing configuration for reporting or updating one or more sets of sensing information from the measurement history information. The sensing device can manage the one or more sets of sensing signal information from the measurement history information.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure generally relates to wireless communication, including but not limited to systems and methods for assisting in historical record sensing. Background Technology

[0002] The standards organization 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is currently developing specifications for a new radio interface known as 5G New Radio (5G NR) and the Next Generation Packet Core Network (NG-CN or NGC). 5G NR will have three main components: the 5G Access Network (5G-AN), the 5G Core Network (5GC), and the User Equipment (UE). To facilitate the implementation of different data services and needs, the elements of the 5GC (also known as network functions) have been simplified, with some based on software and others on hardware, allowing for customization as needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The exemplary embodiments disclosed herein are intended to address problems related to one or more issues raised in the prior art and provide additional features that will become apparent when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. According to various embodiments, exemplary systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products are disclosed herein. However, it should be understood that these embodiments are presented by way of example and not limitation, and various modifications to the disclosed embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art who have read this disclosure, while remaining within the scope of this disclosure.

[0004] At least one aspect relates to the following systems, methods, apparatus, or computer-readable media. One method may include determining measurement history information acquired in a sensing-integrated sensing (ISAC) system by a sensing device. The sensing device may determine (e.g., receive or establish) a sensing configuration for reporting or updating one or more sets of sensing information based on the measurement history information. The sensing device may manage (e.g., construct, format, organize, establish) this one or more sets of sensing signal information based on the measurement history information.

[0005] In some embodiments, the sensing device may determine at least one of the following: when the measurement history information indicates that the measurement instance relates to a new target, add a measurement instance with a new local identifier (ID), and at least one of the following: ID information from a sensing receiver or ID information from a sensing transmitter; when the measurement history information indicates a change relative to the measurement instance, add an incremental entry relative to the measurement instance, wherein the incremental entry has the same local ID as the measurement instance and at least one of the following: ID information from a sensing receiver or ID information from a sensing transmitter; when the measurement history information indicates no change relative to the measurement instance, maintain the measurement instance, wherein the message for reporting the maintenance has the same local ID as the measurement instance, and at least one of the following: ID information from a sensing receiver or ID information from a sensing transmitter; or when the measurement history information indicates that no target exists within a threshold duration period, remove the measurement instance of the target, wherein the message for removal has the same local ID as the measurement instance, and at least one of the following: ID information from a sensing receiver or ID information from a sensing transmitter.

[0006] In some implementations, the identifier information of the sensing receiver or transmitter includes at least one of the following: device ID information of the transmission receiving point, device ID information of the sensing receiver or sensing transmitter; physical cell identifier (PCI) information of the sensing receiver or sensing transmitter; globally unique identifier information of the cell of the sensing receiver or sensing transmitter; or ID information of the reference signal, which includes at least one of the following: ID information of the resource of the reference signal, or ID information of the resource set of the reference signal.

[0007] In some embodiments, the local ID is unique for the corresponding target. Measurement instances may include indications of at least one of the following: local ID, time information, or measurement information. Measurement information may include at least one of the following: location information, including indications of at least one of delay, distance, angle of arrival (AOA), angle of departure (AOD), zenith of arrival (ZOA), or zenith of departure (ZOD); Doppler information, including indications of at least one of Doppler frequency or velocity; or micro-Doppler information.

[0008] In some implementations, in response to performing this operation, the transmitting device sends a measurement report to the sensing server to update the global database. The sensing service may be caused to: add a measurement instance with a new global identifier (ID) to the global database when the measurement report indicates a change relative to the measurement instance; add an incremental entry relative to the measurement instance to the global database when the measurement report indicates no change relative to the measurement instance, wherein the incremental entry has the same global ID as the measurement instance; maintain the measurement instance in the global database when the measurement report indicates no change relative to the measurement instance; or remove the measurement instance of the target from the global database when the measurement history indicates that the target does not exist within a threshold duration period.

[0009] In some implementations, a global ID is mapped to one or more local IDs of different sensing devices. Measurement reports may include at least one type of report determined by the sensing device to cause the sensing server to perform at least one corresponding operation. The sensing device may receive auxiliary information from the sensing server. The auxiliary information may include at least one of the following: a threshold for triggering a sensing device report of an add operation (e.g., a threshold duration, or a threshold number of missed measurements before deleting the target); a threshold for triggering a sensing device report of a modify operation; a threshold for triggering a sensing device report of a maintain operation; or a threshold for triggering a sensing device report of a remove operation.

[0010] In some embodiments, the sensing device (e.g., in a single-station or dual-station configuration) updates a set of resources for relaxing the degree of sensing measurement based on measurement history. The sensing device can then acquire a first measurement of a target at a first time and a second measurement at a second time, based on the updated set of resources. The sensing device can determine the difference between the first and second measurements. The sensing device can then use this difference to perform target tracking.

[0011] The sensing device can receive auxiliary information from the sensing server, including multiple candidate resource sets. The sensing device can then select resources from these candidate resource sets to relax the measurement level. The sensing device can switch / change / transition from the selected resources to another set of resources before or after completing frequency layer measurements.

[0012] In some implementations, the auxiliary information includes a relaxationSet information element (IE). This relaxationSet IE may include indications of multiple candidate resource sets. These candidate resource sets may originate from a specific frequency layer, thus the frequency layer is not indicated in the relaxationSet IE.

[0013] In some implementations, updating the set of resources used to relax the degree of sensing measurement includes one of the following operations: a user equipment selects a first set of resources and signals the selected first set of resources to a base station to cause the base station to switch to the selected first set of resources to transmit or receive sensing reference signals; a base station selects a first set of resources and signals the selected first set of resources to the user equipment to cause the user equipment to switch to the selected first set of resources to transmit or receive sensing reference signals; a first user equipment selects a first set of resources and signals the selected first set of resources to a second user equipment to cause the second user equipment to switch to the selected first set of resources to transmit or receive sensing reference signals; a first base station selects a first set of resources and signals the selected first set of resources to the second base station to cause the second base station to switch to the selected first set of resources to transmit or receive sensing reference signals; a first user equipment selects a first set of resources to cause the first user equipment to switch to the selected first set of resources to transmit and receive sensing reference signals; or a first base station selects a first set of resources to cause the first base station to switch to the selected first set of resources to transmit and receive sensing reference signals.

[0014] In some embodiments, a sensing device (e.g., a monitoring node) determines to apply a first set of resources to enhance the sensing measurement level based on a measurement history indicating that the target has greater mobility. This is achieved by at least one of the following: linking two sets of resources to form a first set of resources configured by a sensing server or a sensing device; receiving a configuration of the first set of resources from a sensing server; or having the sensing device select a configuration of the first set of resources.

[0015] The sensing device may send / report historical measurement information indicating greater target mobility to the sensing server. The sensing device may notify one or more sensing devices to apply a first set of resources to enhance the level of sensing measurement. In some embodiments, the sensing device reports / sends historical measurement information indicating greater target mobility to one or more sensing devices. The one or more sensing devices may request the sensing server to allocate or provide the first set of resources to enhance the level of sensing measurement. The one or more sensing devices may determine to apply the first set of resources to enhance the level of sensing measurement.

[0016] The sensing device can send a sensing information report to a sensing server containing a map of measured values, which correspond to at least one of the following: location information, including indications of at least one of delay, distance, angle of arrival (AOA), angle of departure (AOD), zenith angle of arrival (ZOA), or zenith angle of departure (ZOD); Doppler information, including indications of at least one of Doppler frequency or velocity; or micro-Doppler information. In some embodiments, the measured values ​​are either measured values ​​or values ​​processed according to one or more defined parameters, ranges, or thresholds. These measured values ​​may be compressed before being sent to the sensing server, depending on one or more configuration parameters. These measured values ​​may be the difference between reference values ​​and actual measured values. The report sending the information may include a map of measured values ​​and measurement instances.

[0017] In some implementations, the graph represents a neighborhood of the measurement instance. The graph may include value differences relative to a reference graph. The graph of the measurement values ​​can be limited by at least one of the following configurations: window size, granularity, minimum value, maximum value, or a specified size.

[0018] In some embodiments, the sensing device may determine to add, modify, maintain, or remove multiple measurement instances, each containing a corresponding value for a parameter hierarchy. The sensing device may combine these multiple measurement instances into a combined measurement instance organized in a hierarchical structure. Specifically, as traversing the hierarchy downwards, for each parameter in the hierarchy, the same value or operation for that corresponding parameter (e.g., removing or maintaining a measurement instance) is listed once as a branch in the hierarchy, while different values ​​or operations are listed separately, thus forming independent branches in the hierarchy. The sensing device may use this combined measurement instance to send a report to the sensing server regarding the addition, modification, maintenance, or removal operation. At the leaf nodes of the hierarchical branches, each leaf node may include: (i) the corresponding value for the corresponding parameter, and (ii) an identifier (e.g., a local ID) of the corresponding instance among the multiple measurement instances.

[0019] In some implementations, combining multiple measurement instances into a combined measurement instance includes: determining to group a subset of the multiple measurement instances into a group; and / or assigning a group ID to the group. When traversing the hierarchy downwards, for each parameter in the hierarchy, the same value or operation associated with that group for the corresponding parameter can be listed once as a branch of the hierarchy, along with the group ID.

[0020] In some implementations, the plurality of parameters includes at least one of the following: one or more location information parameters, one or more Doppler information parameters, or one or more micro-Doppler information parameters. The one or more location information parameters may include at least one of the following: delay, distance, angle of arrival (AOA), angle of departure (AOD), zenith angle of arrival (ZOA), or zenith angle of departure (ZOD). The one or more Doppler information parameters may include at least one of Doppler frequency or velocity.

[0021] In some example embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable medium-storeable instruction is proposed that, when executed by at least one processor, causes the at least one processor to perform any part, combination, and / or embodiment of the methods described herein. In some example embodiments, an apparatus is proposed that may include at least one processor configured to perform any part, combination, and / or embodiment of the methods described herein. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 An example cellular communication network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated, wherein the techniques disclosed herein may be implemented; Figure 2 The illustration shows a block diagram of an example base station and user equipment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 3 The illustration shows an example implementation of tracking and managing a sensed target according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 4 The illustration shows an example implementation of resource optimization when using historical data comparison to track and manage perceived targets according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 5 The illustration shows an example implementation of a monitoring node configured to track a sensed target using different reference signal resources, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; Figure 6 The diagram illustrates a block diagram of data and resource exchange between sensing devices in a sensing network system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; Figure 7 The diagram illustrates a block diagram of data and resource exchange between sensing devices in a sensing network system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; Figure 8 The diagram illustrates a block diagram of data and resource exchange between sensing devices in a sensing network system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; Figure 9 This is a flowchart of an example method for determining a perception configuration according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0023] 1. Mobile communication technology and environment Figure 1 An example wireless communication network and / or system 100 according to one embodiment of this disclosure is illustrated, wherein the techniques disclosed herein may be implemented. In the following discussion, wireless communication network 100 may be any wireless network, such as a cellular network or a narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) network, referred to herein as "network 100". Example network 100 includes base station 102 (hereinafter referred to as "BS 102"; also referred to as a wireless communication node) and user equipment device 104 (hereinafter referred to as "UE 104"; also referred to as a wireless communication device), which may communicate with each other via communication link 110 (e.g., a wireless communication channel) and cell clusters 126, 130, 132, 134, 136, 138, and 140 covering a geographic area 101. Figure 1 In this context, BS 102 and UE 104 are contained within the respective geographical boundaries of cell 126. Each of the other cells 130, 132, 134, 136, 138, and 140 may include at least one base station operating under its allocated bandwidth to provide sufficient radio coverage to its intended users.

[0024] For example, BS 102 can operate within the allocated channel transmission bandwidth to provide sufficient coverage for UE 104. BS 102 and UE 104 can communicate via downlink radio frame 118 and uplink radio frame 124, respectively. Each radio frame 118 / 124 can be further divided into subframes 120 / 127 that may include data symbols 122 / 128. In this disclosure, BS 102 and UE 104 are described herein as non-limiting examples of "communication nodes" that can generally implement the methods disclosed herein. According to various embodiments of the invention, such communication nodes may be capable of performing wireless and / or wired communications.

[0025] Figure 2 A block diagram of an exemplary wireless communication system 200 for transmitting and receiving wireless communication signals (e.g., OFDM / OFDMA signals) according to some embodiments of the present invention is illustrated. The system 200 may include components and elements configured to support known or conventional operating characteristics that do not need to be described in detail herein. In one illustrative embodiment, the system 200 can be used in applications such as those described above. Figure 1 Wireless communication environment 100 and other wireless communication environments (e.g., sending and receiving) data symbols.

[0026] System 200 typically includes a base station 202 (hereinafter referred to as "BS 202") and a user equipment unit 204 (hereinafter referred to as "UE 204"). BS 202 includes a BS (Base Station) transceiver module 210, a BS antenna 212, a BS processor module 214, a BS memory module 216, and a network communication module 218, each module being interconnected and configured as needed via a data communication bus 220. UE 204 includes a UE (User Equipment) transceiver module 230, a UE antenna 232, a UE memory module 234, and a UE processor module 236, each module being interconnected and configured as needed via a data communication bus 240. BS 202 communicates with UE 204 via a communication channel 250, which can be any wireless channel or other medium suitable for data transmission as described herein.

[0027] Those skilled in the art will understand that system 200 may also include, in addition to Figure 2 Any number of modules other than those shown. Those skilled in the art will understand that the various illustrative blocks, modules, circuits, and processing logic described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in hardware, computer-readable software, firmware, or any practical combination thereof. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability and compatibility of hardware, firmware, and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps are generally described according to their functionality. Whether this functionality is implemented as hardware, firmware, or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the system as a whole. Those skilled in the art can implement these functions appropriately for each specific application; however, such implementation decisions should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure. According to some embodiments, UE transceiver 230, referred to herein as "uplink" transceiver 230, includes a radio frequency (RF) transmitter and an RF receiver, wherein both the transmitter and the RF receiver include circuitry connected to antenna 232. A duplex switch (not shown) can alternately connect the uplink transmitter or receiver to the uplink antenna in a time-duplex manner. Similarly, according to some embodiments, BS transceiver 210, referred herein as "downlink" transceiver 210, includes an RF transmitter and an RF receiver, wherein both the RF transmitter and the RF receiver include circuitry connected to antenna 212. A downlink duplex switch can alternately connect the downlink transmitter or receiver to the downlink antenna 212 in a time-duplex manner. The operation of the two transceiver modules 210 and 230 can be coordinated in time such that when the uplink receiver circuitry is connected to the uplink antenna 232 to receive transmissions via the wireless transmission link 250, the downlink transmitter is simultaneously connected to the downlink antenna 212. Conversely, the operation of the two transceivers 210 and 230 can be coordinated in time such that when the downlink receiver is connected to the downlink antenna 212 to receive transmissions via the wireless transmission link 250, the uplink transmitter is simultaneously connected to the uplink antenna 232. In some embodiments, there is tight time synchronization with a minimum guard time between changes in duplex direction.

[0028] UE transceiver 230 and base transceiver 210 are configured to communicate via wireless data communication link 250 and cooperate with RF antenna devices 212 / 232 that are appropriately configured to support specific wireless communication protocols and modulation schemes. In some illustrative embodiments, UE transceiver 210 and base transceiver 210 are configured to support industry standards such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) and emerging 5G standards. However, it should be understood that this disclosure is not necessarily limited to specific standards and related protocols in application. Rather, UE transceiver 230 and base transceiver 210 may be configured to support alternative or additional wireless data communication protocols, including future standards or variations thereof.

[0029] According to various embodiments, BS 202 may be, for example, an evolved node B (eNB), a serving eNB, a target eNB, a femtocell, or a picocell. In some embodiments, UE 204 may be embodied as various types of user equipment, such as a mobile phone, smartphone, personal digital assistant (PDA), tablet computer, laptop computer, wearable computing device, etc. Processor modules 214 and 236 may be implemented or implemented by a general-purpose processor, content-addressable memory, digital signal processor, application-specific integrated circuit, field-programmable gate array, any suitable pre-defined logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, designed to perform the functions described herein. In this way, the processor may be implemented as a microprocessor, controller, microcontroller, state machine, etc. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors incorporating a digital signal processor core, or any other such configuration.

[0030] Furthermore, the steps of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be directly embodied in hardware, firmware, software modules executed by processor modules 214 and 236 respectively, or any actual combination thereof. Memory modules 216 and 234 can be implemented as RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. In this regard, memory modules 216 and 234 can be connected to processor modules 210 and 230 respectively, such that processor modules 210 and 230 can read information from and write information to memory modules 216 and 234 respectively. Memory modules 216 and 234 can also be integrated into their respective processor modules 210 and 230. In some embodiments, memory modules 216 and 234 may each include a cache memory for storing temporary variables or other intermediate information during the execution of instructions to be executed by processor modules 210 and 230 respectively. Memory modules 216 and 234 may each include non-volatile memory for storing instructions to be executed by processor modules 210 and 230, respectively.

[0031] Network communication module 218 typically represents the hardware, software, firmware, processing logic, and / or other components of base station 202 that enable bidirectional communication between base station transceiver 210 and other network components and communication nodes configured to communicate with base station 202. For example, network communication module 218 may be configured to support Internet or WiMAX traffic. In a non-limiting typical deployment, network communication module 218 provides an 802.3 Ethernet interface, enabling base station transceiver 210 to communicate with legacy Ethernet-based computer networks. In this way, network communication module 218 may include a physical interface for connecting to a computer network (e.g., a Mobile Switching Center (MSC)). The terms “configured to,” “configured as,” and combinations thereof, when used herein with respect to a specified operation or function, refer to a device, component, circuit, structure, machine, signal, etc., that is physically constructed, programmed, formatted, and / or arranged to perform that specified operation or function.

[0032] The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model (referred to herein as the "OSI model") defines the conceptual and logical layout of network communications adopted by systems (e.g., wireless communication devices, wireless communication nodes) that are open to interconnecting and communicating with other systems. The model is divided into seven sub-components or layers, each representing a set of conceptual services provided to the layers above and below it. The OSI model also defines logical networks and efficiently describes the transmission of computer data packets by applying different layer protocols. The OSI model may also be referred to as the seven-layer OSI model or the seven-layer model. In some embodiments, the first layer may be the physical layer. In some embodiments, the second layer may be the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer. In some embodiments, the third layer may be the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer. In some embodiments, the fourth layer may be the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer. In some embodiments, the fifth layer may be the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer. In some embodiments, the sixth layer may be a Non-Access Stratum (NAS) or Internet Protocol (IP) layer, and the seventh layer may be other layers.

[0033] Several exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings to enable those skilled in the art to make and apply the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art, upon reading this disclosure, that various changes or modifications can be made to the examples described herein without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments and applications described and illustrated herein. Furthermore, the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the methods disclosed herein is merely exemplary. Based on design preferences, the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the disclosed methods or processes may be rearranged while remaining within the scope of this document. Therefore, those skilled in the art should understand that the methods and techniques disclosed herein present various steps or actions in an exemplary order, but this document is not limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented unless explicitly stated otherwise.

[0034] 2. Historical records aid perception For sensing systems, the management burden of managing multiple sensing targets can be several times that of localization systems due to the denser density of passive targets and the greater complexity of wireless resources. These drawbacks necessitate simplification of the interaction within sensing systems and the configuration of sensing wireless resources. Furthermore, for object identification / detection, sensing servers may require more information from the time domain, Doppler domain, and / or angular domain spectrum, which places a greater burden on the measurement and reporting of sensing information.

[0035] Historical measurement information of the sensed target can be used to assist in simplifying the configuration of sensed resources and the reporting of sensed information. For example, the context of the sensed result carries / includes a large amount of prior information, which can serve as a reference information unit. This disclosure proposes methods for generating and managing sensed IDs, as well as related methods for simplifying the reporting of sensed information. Based on historical measurements, a new reference signal configuration can be used to save power.

[0036] Example 1 In current positioning systems, measurements from different time samples can be isolated, and reports on different measurements can be independent. In future sensing systems, if the structure of measurement and reporting remains unchanged, it may cause the following problems / inefficiencies: even if the sensed target and the sensing device remain relatively static, the same measurement reports will be repeatedly / redundantly sent. In scenarios with dense sensed targets, the duplication of identical reports can lead to a significant waste of wireless resources. By incorporating historical information, a sensing server can, for example, build a database storing all sensing information from different times, and the sensing device can perform various operations, including adding new sensed objects, deleting old sensed objects, modifying the sensed information related to the sensed target, or performing other operations. To enable the sensing device to know which operations can be performed, for example, a local database can be set up for each sensing device to manage local sensing information.

[0037] For each measurement cell from a sensing reference resource, there may be multiple estimation result instances coupled to multiple sensing targets. For a sensing target, a measurement instance may contain at least one or more of the following parameters: position, delay, distance, Doppler frequency, velocity, angle of arrival, angle of departure, micro-Doppler information, and / or other information. To identify the relationship between measurement instances and sensing targets on a local sensing device, a local identifier can be proposed, which can maintain a unique coupling relationship with a specific target. Capable sensing devices can establish a small local sensing information database containing a list of measurement instances. Each instance may include a unique identifier and / or information (such as a timestamp). Each instance may include measurement results such as delay, distance, Doppler frequency, velocity, angle of arrival, angle of departure, micro-Doppler information, and / or other information.

[0038] After performing sensing measurements, the sensing device can observe state changes in sensing parameters from multiple sensing targets. Potential state changes may include, but are not limited to, disappearance, the creation of new targets, parameter changes / unchanged changes in existing targets, and / or other detailed changes. The sensing device can use identifiers to distinguish the relationship between new measurement instances and stored historical measurements (e.g., newly created or modified). The sensing device can perform operations to modify the local database, as follows. It should be noted that all operation names here are non-limiting examples.

[0039] { Add a local measurement instance: {New local ID, Time information: {timestamp...} Perceptual IE: {Position / Delay / Distance / Doppler / Velocity / AOA / ZOA / AOD / ZOD / RSRPP....} Other IE} Current sensing measurements can originate from new sensing targets; therefore, these measurements can be appended with new identifiers and added to the database.

[0040] Modify the local measurement instance: {Stored local ID, Time information: {timestamp...} Differential sensing IE: {Position delay / distance / Doppler / velocity / AOA / ZOA / AOD / ZOD / RSRPP....} Other IE} The current sensing measurement can come from a stored sensing target in a local database, so the sensing device can modify the measurement instance or stored sensing information from a specific target. In this way, only the difference between the current measurement and the matching information in the database can be considered.

[0041] Maintain local measurement instances: Current perception measurements indicate that a particular target remains static. Only this historical information is maintained.

[0042] {Stored local ID, Time information: {timestamp...}} Delete local measurement instance: {Stored local ID, Time information: {timestamp...}} Some older, stored targets have not been observed on this sensing device for an extended period. The sensing device can delete these measurement instances or targets.

[0043] Other local operations.

[0044] } Once a sensing device completes some sensing measurements and decides to perform some operations on its local sensing database, it can send a measurement report from the sensing device to the sensing server. The sensing server manages the global sensing database. Based on the sensing device's local database and / or a global database on the sensing server, the sensing measurement report from the sensing device can be simplified into a report of local operations. The global sensing database can have the following related operations: { Add a global measurement instance: New global ID, Time information: {timestamp…} Perceptual IE: {Position Delay / Distance / Doppler / Velocity / AOA / ZOA / AOD / ZOD / RSRPP….} Other IE} Modify global measurement instance: Global ID has been stored. Time information: {timestamp…} Differential sensing IE: {Position delay / distance / Doppler / velocity / AOA / ZOA / AOD / ZOD / RSRPP…} Other IE} Maintaining global measurement instances: Global ID has been stored. Time information: {timestamp…}} Delete global measurement instance: Global ID has been stored. Time information: {timestamp…}} Other local operations.

[0045] } Multiple sensing devices can perform sensing measurements for a single sensing target. Operations on the sensing server can consider merging / combining all potential measurement reports from multiple sensing devices (e.g., to reduce redundancy in reports). A global ID used for sensing can be matched with multiple local IDs. The sensing server manages the matching relationships between global and local IDs. Through local and global databases, sensing devices can report a list of operations linked to a specific target. For example, sensing elements may include: NR-DL-Sensing-MeasElement ::= SEQUENCE { dl-PRS-ID-r16INTEGER (0..255), nr-PhysCellID-r16NR-PhysCellID-r16OPTIONAL, nr-CellGlobalID-r16NCGI-r15OPTIONAL, nr-ARFCN-r16ARFCN-ValueNR-r15OPTIONAL, nr-DL-PRS-ResourceID-r16NR-DL-PRS-ResourceID-r16OPTIONAL, nr-DL-PRS-ResourceSetID-r16NR-DL-PRS-ResourceSetID-r16OPTIONAL, nr-TimeStamp-r16NR-TimeStamp-r16, nr-Sense-OperationsSet SEQUENCE (SIZE(1..nrMaxOperationsPerTRP)) OFNr-Sense-Operation nr-DL-TDOA-AdditionalMeasurements-r16 NR-DL-TDOA-AdditionalMeasurements-r16OPTIONAL, } Nr-Sense-Operation ::= ENUMERATED { AddItem, DeleteItem, SustainItem, ModifyItem, ... } AddItem ::= SEQUENCE { nr-local-Sensing-IDINTEGER (..), nr-TimeStampNR-TimeStamp, sensingResultSEQUENCE { Position INTEGER(...)OPTIONAL Delay INTEGER(...)OPTIONAL Distance INTEGER(...)OPTIONAL Doppler INTEGER(...)OPTIONAL Velocity INTEGER(...)OPTIONAL ZOA INTEGER(...)OPTIONAL AOA INTEGER(...)OPTIONAL Power INTEGER(...)OPTIONAL RSRPP INTEGER(...)OPTIONAL ...} ... } DeleteItem ::= SEQUENCE { nr-local-Sensing-IDINTEGER (...), nr-TimeStampNR-TimeStamp, ... } ModifyItem ::= SEQUENCE { nr-local-Sensing-ID INTEGER (...), nr-TimeStampNR-TimeStamp, sensingResultDiff SEQUENCE { Position INTEGER(...)OPTIONAL Delay INTEGER(...)OPTIONAL Distance INTEGER(...)OPTIONAL Doppler INTEGER(...)OPTIONAL Velocity INTEGER(...)OPTIONAL ZOA INTEGER(...)OPTIONAL AOA INTEGER(...)OPTIONAL Power INTEGER(...)OPTIONAL RSRPP INTEGER(...)OPTIONAL ...} ... } SustainItem ::= SEQUENCE { nr-local-Sensing-ID INTEGER (...), nr-TimeStampNR-TimeStamp, ... } Figure 3 An example implementation for tracking and managing sensed targets is illustrated. Sensing information reporting can be simplified based on reports with action lists. To support reporting sensing devices as action lists, the sensing server can include hyperparameters. Therefore, the sensing server can provide hyperparameters such as thresholds defining the boundaries for adding or modifying sensed targets, a number defining the maximum number of measurements the sensing server can miss without deleting the target, or a threshold defining a tolerable range for maintaining measurements. These hyperparameters can be provided in auxiliary data configured by the sensing server.

[0046] Example 1b Historical information incorporating time-series relationships can be applied to perception report messages. Spatial relationships may not be fully utilized in this report. Perception information from the sensing device to the sensing server may include location or positioning information, which may include at least one of the following: delay, distance, angle of arrival (AOA), angle of departure (AOD), ZOA, and / or ZOD. Perception information from the sensing device to the sensing server may include micro-Doppler information and Doppler / positioning information, which may include at least one of Doppler frequency shift and / or velocity.

[0047] Each parameter can be a dimension of the perceived information, and within each same dimension, measurements that are close to that dimension can be grouped together. Through iteration, perceived measurement data A and perceived measurement data B can be combined at dimension 1 (e.g., parameter type 1), and then at dimension 2 (e.g., parameter type 2). The number of rounds of combination can be more than one. For example, a combined report of the perceived information structure can look like this: There are four measurement results, and each result has four dimensions (parameters 1, 2, 3, and 4). The four measurement results are {1a, 2a, 3a, 4a}, {1a, 2a, 3b, 4a}, {1a, 2b, 3c, 4b}, and {1a, 2b, 3c, 4c}, where, for example, "1a" is represented as the value 1a in dimension 1. After iterative grouping, the combined report of these four perceptual measurement results can be described as follows: { Perception measurement result elements Combined parameter 1: a common value 1a Combination parameter 2: a common value 2a Combination parameter 4: a common value 4a Parameter 3: Value 3a Value 3b Combination parameter 2: a common value 2b Combination parameter 3: a common value 3c Parameter 4: Value 4b Parameter 4: Value 4c } The entire combined report can be sent from the sensing device to the sensing server to provide sensing information for the four measurement results.

[0048] In another example, this grouping can be applied to the measurement instances mentioned in Example 1. The sensing device can locally group several measurement instances to report messages about "addition, modification, maintenance, deletion, and others." The sensing device can report addition messages to the sensing server. Four new sensing measurements can be as follows: {Local ID1, 1a, 2a, 3a, 4a}, {Local ID2, 1a, 2a, 3b, 4a}, {Local ID3, 1a, 2b, 3c, 4b}, {Local ID4, 1a, 2b, 3c, 4c} Here, the local ID is referred to as the local ID for a specific sensing target mentioned in Example #1. The structure of the entire reported add message can be as follows: { Add sensor measurement result element Combined parameter 1: a common value 1a Combination parameter 2: a common value 2a Combination parameter 4: a common value 4a Parameter 3: {Local ID1, value 3a} {Local ID2, value 3b} Combination parameter 2: a common value 2b Combination parameter 3: a common value 3c Parameter 4: {Local ID3, value 4a} Parameter 4: {Local ID4, value 4c} } For modification messages, if the sensing device wants to report a modification message to the sensing server about an existing measurement instance with local ID {local ID1, local ID2}, the modified value of the measurement instance can be... {Local ID 1, 2a, 3a, 4c}, {Local ID 2, 2a, 3a, 4b} For local ID1, parameter 1 may remain unchanged, the value of parameter 2 can be changed to value 2a, the value of parameter 3 can be changed to value 3a, and the value of parameter 4 can be changed to value 4c. For target ID2, parameter 1 may remain unchanged, the value of parameter 2 can be changed to value 2a, the value of parameter 3 can be changed to value 3a, and the value of parameter 4 can be changed to value 4b. Therefore, the structure of the combined modification message should be as follows.

[0049] { Modify sensing measurement result elements Combination parameter 2: a common value 2a Combination parameter 3: a common value 3a Parameter 4: {Local ID1, value 4c} {Local ID2, value 4b} } The messages used for maintenance and deletion can be the same as or similar to those disclosed in Example 1.

[0050] A single local ID can be expanded into multiple local IDs at different levels of groups. Each group may include a group ID, and all group IDs with local IDs can collectively identify a sensing target. Therefore, for the add message mentioned in the report, the structure of the report message with group IDs may include... { Add sensor measurement result element Combination parameter 1: {Group ID A, a common value 1a} Combination parameter 2: {Group ID B, a common value 2a} Combination parameter 4: {Group ID C, a common value 4a} Parameter 3: {Local ID1, value 3a} {Local ID2, value 3b} Combination parameter 2: {Group ID E, some common value 2b} Combination parameter 3: {Group ID F, a common value 3c} Parameter 4: {Local ID3, value 4a} Parameter 4: {Local ID4, value 4c} } Therefore, sensing devices can report messages at different granularities, group levels, or minimum local IDs. For example, by reporting based on group ID B information, a sensing device can report modifications to parameter 2 in measurements for local ID 1 and local ID 2. The structure of the modification can be as follows: { Modify sensing measurement result elements Group ID A Combination parameter 2: {Group ID B, a common value 2a} } Modification messages may require (or be configured to) reference group ID information (Group ID A, Group ID B) to jointly update parameters. For maintenance and deletion messages, sensing devices can apply different levels of groups to report maintenance operations. { Maintain / delete elements of perception measurement results Group ID A Group ID B } The above message can be applied to maintain or delete all measurement instances from group A in group B.

[0051] Example 2 Figure 4 This illustration shows an example implementation of resource optimization when using historical data comparison to track and manage a sensed target. When periodic measurements can be configured by a sense server, the sensed device may need to perform measurements periodically without relaxation, even when the sensed target remains static. To save power for the sensed device, a method for relaxing sensed reference signal resources can be considered. Based on Example 1, the difference between the current measurement and the historical record is important. Ambiguity in absolute measurement results in the time and Doppler domains is tolerable when the measurement difference can be distinguished. For tracking a target (after continuously adding and modifying local measurement instances), the resources applied to the measurement difference information can be sparser in both the time and Doppler domains than the resources initially applied to adding new measurement instances. The relationship between sequential sensed execution signal resources can be coupled without degrading sensed QoS. For example, a signal resource can be applied to add a measurement, which may occupy bandwidth B and time T. This signal can be sparse, and its period in the frequency domain can be [missing information]. And the period in the time / symbol domain can be This means that the distance measurement resolution can be [missing information]. The maximum unambiguous distance can be Doppler measurement resolution can be And the maximum unambiguous Doppler can be .

[0052] After adding measurement instances, sparser signal resources can be applied to modify the recorded measurements. The signal can maintain the same bandwidth and time length, while the period in the frequency domain can be extended. Furthermore, the period in the time domain can be extended to This means that the resolution can remain unchanged, and the maximum blur-free distance can be increased from... Reduce to The original measurement can be distorted into several possible values, and the absolute value may be lost. The distorted, blurred values ​​may not affect the differential measurement. The perception server can be based on... , , and Calculate the historical values ​​of distortion, and the difference between the historical values ​​of distortion and the current distorted values ​​can be the same as the difference between the undistorted values.

[0053] Question 1 Certain signal resources (possessing different characteristics across different frequency layers as defined in TS37.355) can be matched and configured for sensing devices by a sensing server. These signal resources can consist of a set (which may be referred to as a relaxed set). The sensing server can configure this relaxed set to provide auxiliary data. Sensing devices can sequentially select different resources for a sensing target under different states.

[0054] For the configuration of the relaxed set, the awareness server can add some IEs that are applied to match different resources from different resource sets or different frequency tiers, as shown below.

[0055] NR-DL-PRS-AssistanceDataPerTRP-r16 ::= SEQUENCE { ...the omitted above ... relaxationSet RelaxationSet } RelaxationSet::= SEQUENCE { nr-RelaxationResourceSetSEQUENCE (SIZE(1..nrMaxSourcePerRelaxSet)) OFnr-RelaxationResource } nr-RelaxationResource ::= SEQUENCE{ DelayRelaxLevelENUMERATED {n2, n4, n6, n12, ...}, DopplerRelaxLevelENUMERATED {n2, n4, n6, n12, ...}, nr-DL-PRS-PositioningFrequencyLayer-r16NR-DL-PRS-PositioningFrequencyLayer-r16, nr-DL-PRS-ResourceSetID-r16NR-DL-PRS-ResourceSetID-r16, nr-DL-PRS-ResourceID-r16NR-DL-PRS-ResourceID-r16, } To combine multiple resources from different frequency layers, an IE describing a relaxation set can be configured for the sensing device. Each relaxation set can have a sequence of signal resources. Each resource can come from a different frequency layer or a different resource set. Within a relaxation set, there may be multiple relaxed resources with different delayRelaxLevel and / or different DopplerRelaxLevel. Relaxation set configuration allows the sensing device to select appropriate relaxed resources for transmission and reception. Within a relaxed resource, the sensing device may not need to wait for a frequency layer measurement to finish / complete and can be allowed to directly switch to the relaxationSource in the RelaxationSet. This switching operation may go unnoticed by the sensing server.

[0056] In another example, the relaxation resources in a RelaxationSet may come from different resource sets in a frequency layer, so the positioning frequency layer may not be included in the elements of the relaxation resources, as shown below.

[0057] Nr-RelaxationResource ::= SEQUENCE{ DelayRelaxLevel ENUMERATED {n2, n4, n6, n12, …}, DopplerRelaxLevel ENUMERATED {n2, n4, n6, n12, ...}, nr-DL-PRS-ResourceSetID-r16NR-DL-PRS-ResourceSetID-r16, nr-DL-PRS-ResourceID-r16NR-DL-PRS-ResourceID-r16, } The DelayRelaxLevel and DopplerRelaxLevel messages can be used to indicate the sparsity of relaxed resources to help / assist sensing devices select appropriate resources. DelayRelaxLevel and DopplerRelaxLevel may not be explicitly provided and can be omitted as follows.

[0058] nr-RelaxationResource ::= SEQUENCE{ nr-DL-PRS-PositioningFrequencyLayer-r16NR-DL-PRS-PositioningFrequencyLayer-r16, nr-DL-PRS-ResourceSetID-r16NR-DL-PRS-ResourceSetID-r16, nr-DL-PRS-ResourceID-r16NR-DL-PRS-ResourceID-r16, } or nr-RelaxationResource ::= SEQUENCE{ nr-DL-PRS-ResourceSetID-r16NR-DL-PRS-ResourceSetID-r16, nr-DL-PRS-ResourceID-r16NR-DL-PRS-ResourceID-r16, } The relaxed resource may include, but is not limited to, sensing devices configured with a local sensing database and reporting in an operational manner. This relaxed resource can be configured for raw sensing devices that do not have a local sensing database.

[0059] After a relaxation set is configured, sensing devices (e.g., transmitters and receivers) can select relaxation resources from the relaxation resource set to perform sensing tasks. For single-site sensing mode, the resource selection strategy can be determined by the sensing device itself and can be recommended by the sensing server. In single-site sensing mode, there are at least six example / possible ways to switch relaxation resources: Option 1: Based on historical measurements, the perception server may decide to configure perception resources to replace the current perception resource. Each configured resource can replace the current resource in the same relaxed set.

[0060] Option 2: Based on historical measurements, the perception server can decide to directly configure new perception resources to replace the current ones. A relaxed set may not be necessary.

[0061] Option 3: Based on historical measurement records, the sensing server can provide the sensing device with certain historical measurement or parameter estimation results. The sensing device can select appropriate resources and request these resources from the sensing server to replace the current sensing resources. Considering capabilities and other factors, the sensing server can provide reference resources. A relaxed set may not be necessary.

[0062] Option 4: Based on historical measurement records, the sensing server can provide sensing devices with certain historical measurement or parameter estimation results. Sensing devices can then select appropriate resources to replace certain resources within the same relaxed set. Sensing devices configured with this relaxed set may have the authority to directly switch relaxed resources to perform sensing tasks.

[0063] Option 5: The sensing device may request certain sensing resources from the sensing server to replace the current sensing resources. The sensing server may provide reference resources, taking into account capabilities and / or other factors. A relaxed set may not be necessary.

[0064] Option 6: Based on local historical measurement records, the sensing device can select appropriate resources to replace certain resources within the same relaxed set. Sensing devices configured with this relaxed set may have the authority to directly switch relaxed resources to perform sensing tasks.

[0065] For a dual-station sensing mode, some of the following options may exist for switching resources. For example, there may be sensing device A and sensing device B; sensing device B can control certain sensing measurement results and decide whether to switch sensing reference signal resources.

[0066] Option 1: Based on certain historical measurements, the sensing server may decide to configure sensing resources for sensing devices to replace the current sensing resources. Each configured resource can replace the current resource in the same relaxed set.

[0067] Option 2: Based on certain historical measurements, the sensing server may decide to configure new sensing resources to replace the current sensing resources of the sensing devices. A relaxed set may not be necessary.

[0068] Option 3: Based on certain historical measurement records, the sensing server can provide sensing device B with some historical measurement or parameter estimation results. Sensing device B can select appropriate resources and request these resources from the sensing server to replace the current sensing resources. Taking into account capabilities and other factors, the sensing server can provide the sensing device with a reference resource configuration. A relaxed set may not be necessary.

[0069] Option 4: Sensing device B can request sensing resources from the sensing server to replace the current sensing resources. Considering capabilities and other factors, the sensing server can provide reference resources to the sensing device. A relaxed set may not be necessary.

[0070] The above options can be used with a perception server to manage relaxed resources. Since the perception server is a core network functional unit, the real-time performance of these options may be uncertain. The following options for four different perception modes can be considered.

[0071] Option 5: For a sensing mode transmitted by the base station and received by the UE, the UE may select appropriate resources to replace certain resources pre-configured in the same relaxed set. The UE may send a notification to the base station via the physical layer uplink channel and signaling, and the base station may switch to the sensing resources specified by the UE for transmission. The base station may consider its capabilities and other factors, and respond to the UE regarding whether the base station has decided to switch sensing resources.

[0072] Option 6: For a sensing mode transmitted by the UE and received by the base station, the base station may select appropriate resources to replace certain resources in the same pre-configured relaxed set. The base station may send a notification to the UE via the physical layer downlink channel and signaling, and the UE may switch to the sensing resources specified by the base station for transmission. The UE may consider its capabilities and other factors and respond to the base station regarding whether the base station is able to switch sensing resources.

[0073] Option 7: For a sensing mode transmitted by UE A and received by UE B, UE B may select appropriate resources to replace certain resources pre-configured in the same relaxed set. UE B may send a notification to UE A via physical layer sidelink channels and signaling, and UE A may switch to the sensing resources specified by UE B for transmission. UE A may consider its capabilities and other factors and respond to UE B regarding whether UE B is able to switch sensing resources.

[0074] Option 8: For a sensing mode transmitted by base station A and received by base station B, base station B may select appropriate resources to replace certain resources pre-configured in the same relaxed set. Base station B may send a notification to base station A via inter-base station channels and signaling, and base station A may switch to the sensing resources specified by base station B for transmission. Base station A may consider its capabilities and other factors and respond to base station B regarding whether base station B is capable of switching sensing resources.

[0075] Example 3 Based on Example 2, sensing devices can be allowed to perform sensing tasks using sparser resources, which can save wireless resources and energy, especially when tracking certain sensed targets after initializing the target state. The accuracy of range and Doppler estimation may not be affected. However, sparser resources can make sensing devices less sensitive to the mobility of sensed targets, and they may not be able to properly apply higher-density resources when sensed targets begin to move rapidly. One approach is to implement a sensing server that configures a small number of sensing devices as monitoring nodes in the sensing network. These monitoring nodes can utilize resources for sensing to monitor whether the state of sensed targets changes rapidly. Upon detecting strong mobility of a sensed target, the monitoring sensing devices can directly report the measurements to the sensing server or other sensing devices to help other sensing devices switch resources at appropriate times.

[0076] Figure 5 The illustration shows an example implementation of a monitoring node configured to track a sensed target using different reference signal resources. For monitoring the sensed target, the sensed reference signal resources configured for the monitoring node can be of high temporal density. Besides directly configuring high temporal density reference signal resources, two other options for monitoring can be proposed.

[0077] Option 1: Different sensing reference signal resources can be linked together. The sensing server can configure multiple linked reference signal resources for monitoring nodes. Multiple linked sensing reference signal resources with different attributes can be sent together by the monitoring node to enhance the ability to observe mobility in a short period of time.

[0078] Option 2: Configurable special reference signal. This special reference signal can contain a special pattern, which has a waveform pattern concatenated with the original sensing reference signal waveform pattern by a small number of subcarriers and a large number of symbols. The sensing server can configure these special reference signal resources for the monitoring nodes.

[0079] Figure 6The diagram illustrates the data and resource exchange between sensing devices in a sensing network system. Regarding monitoring reports measuring and triggering other sensing devices to switch sensing reference signal resources, at least two different scenarios exist. In the first scenario, the monitoring node can first report to the sensing server, and the sensing server will trigger the sensing devices to switch sensing reference signal resources. In the second scenario, the monitoring node can directly trigger other sensing devices. The following options are available for triggering by the monitoring node.

[0080] Option 1: The monitoring node can send reports to other sensing devices capable of sensing certain common targets via physical downlink / uplink / sidelink or Xn channel. The monitoring node and device B can manage reference signal resources to request the sensing server to switch resources. The sensing server responds by providing reference signal resources to all sensing devices. Figure 7 The diagram illustrates the data and resource exchange between sensing devices in a sensing network system.

[0081] Option 2: The monitoring node sends a report to other sensing devices capable of sensing certain common targets via the physical downlink / uplink / sidelink or Xn channel. Among the other sensing devices, device B, which manages the reference signal resources, decides to switch relaxed resources to replace resources in the same relaxed set, and directly sends a notification to the other sensing devices via the physical downlink / uplink / sidelink or Xn channel to switch relaxed resources. Figure 8 The diagram illustrates the data and resource exchange between sensing devices in a sensing network system.

[0082] Example 4 For perception tasks, traditional perception reports containing estimation results may not meet the requirements of complex perception tasks. It might be proposed to report the entire atlas containing all measurements to the perception server. This atlas contains a large number of measurements and related indexes from one or more dimensions, which can be combinations of some of the following domains: time, frequency, delay, distance, velocity, Doppler frequency, Doppler shift, antenna, port, angle of arrival, angle of departure, zenith angle of arrival, and zenith angle of departure.

[0083] The measurement results attached to each index can be raw measurements or some processed values ​​based on observations. In each dimension of the spectrum, the minimum and maximum indices, as well as the granularity of the indices, can be provided by the perception server, or some of these parameters can be pre-set. Measurements can include real values, absolute values, and complex values. The minimum and maximum measurements (ranges of values) and the quantization granularity of the measurements can be provided by the perception server, or some of these parameters can be pre-set. If a range of measurements is available, values ​​outside that range may not be reported. The perception server can also request the perception devices to begin reporting the spectrum, and each spectrum measurement provided by the perception devices can be attached to a reference resource, reference resource set, or frequency layer.

[0084] This spectral information can be compressed / formatted into a report. Some sensing devices can use an algorithm to compress the spectrum into a bit string. The sensing server can configure the sensing devices to compress the spectrum report and provide certain hyperparameters.

[0085] In another approach, differences in the graph can be configured into the report to reduce the size of the report message. The perception server can configure a reference graph for certain reference resources, and the reported content can be the graph differences between the graphs from these resources and the reference graph. The reference graph can also be specified by the perception device itself, such as the graph from the last measurement of the same reference resource, and all differential graphs between the current graph and the last graph from the same reference resource can be reported. In normal scenarios, almost all values ​​in these differential graphs are likely to be small, and the number of values ​​within the configured minimum and maximum value ranges may be relatively small. The differential graph can also be configured to be reported as a bit string after compression.

[0086] In some sensing scenarios, spectra and measurement instances can be combined for reporting. The estimation results in each measurement instance may relate to an estimation point in the spectra. The smaller spectra surrounding this estimation point may contain important micro-Doppler frequency shift information. Each measurement instance may include a neighborhood spectra, which is: sensingResultSEQUENCE { PositionINTEGER(...)OPTIONAL DelayINTEGER(...)OPTIONAL DistanceINTEGER(...)OPTIONAL DopplerINTEGER(...)OPTIONAL VelocityINTEGER(...)OPTIONAL ZOAINTEGER(...)OPTIONAL AOAINTEGER(...)OPTIONAL PowerINTEGER(...)OPTIONAL RSRPPINTEGER(...)OPTIONAL neighborhoodSpectrumNeighborhoodSpectrumOPTIONAL ...} The perception server can configure the window size and granularity of the map, minimum value, maximum value, and / or the quantization granularity of the measurement values ​​for the perception device. Therefore, the reported map can be a list / vector / matrix / tensor of a specified size.

[0087] The difference in perceived results can also be considered, and it can be displayed as follows: sensingResultDiffSEQUENCE { PositionINTEGER(...)OPTIONAL DelayINTEGER(...)OPTIONAL DistanceINTEGER(...)OPTIONAL DopplerINTEGER(...)OPTIONAL VelocityINTEGER(...)OPTIONAL ZOAINTEGER(...)OPTIONAL AOAINTEGER(...)OPTIONAL PowerINTEGER(...)OPTIONAL RSRPPINTEGER(...)OPTIONAL neighborhoodSpectrumNeighborhoodSpectrumOPTIONAL ...} The sensingResult and sensingResultDiff here can be applied to Example 1.

[0088] Figure 9 The diagram illustrates a flowchart of an example method for determining a perception configuration (e.g., applying historical data to assist perception). Method 900 can be combined with... Figures 1 to 8 This can be implemented using any one or more components and devices detailed herein.

[0089] Regarding (905), in some embodiments, the method may include determining measurement history information acquired in an integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system by a sensing device. The sensing device may, for example, perform sensing and / or measurement of one or more targets. The sensing device may collect, process, and / or store the measurement results in measurement history information.

[0090] Regarding (910), in some embodiments, the method may include determining a sensing configuration by a sensing device based on measurement history information. The sensing device may determine (e.g., receive or establish) a sensing configuration for reporting or updating one or more sets of sensing information based on the measurement history information. The sensing device may manage (e.g., build, format, organize, establish) these one or more sets of sensing signal information based on the measurement history information. For example, the sensing device may establish / update a database of sensing signal information based on the measurement history information.

[0091] When determining the sensing configuration, the sensing device may use (or rely on) measurement history information to determine one or more operations to perform. For example, when the measurement history indicates that a measurement instance is related to a new target, the sensing device may determine to add a measurement instance with a new local identifier (ID) to the database. In some embodiments, the sensing device may determine at least one of the following: adding a measurement instance with a new local identifier (ID) and at least one of the following: ID information from a sensing receiver or ID information from a sensing transmitter when measurement history information indicates that the measurement instance relates to a new target; adding an incremental entry relative to the measurement instance when measurement history information indicates a change relative to the measurement instance, wherein the incremental entry has the same local ID as the measurement instance and at least one of the following: ID information from a sensing receiver or ID information from a sensing transmitter; maintaining the measurement instance when measurement history information indicates no change relative to the measurement instance, wherein a message for reporting the maintenance has the same local ID as the measurement instance and at least one of the following: ID information from a sensing receiver or ID information from a sensing transmitter; or removing the measurement instance of the target when measurement history information indicates that no target exists within a threshold duration period, wherein a message for removal has the same local ID as the measurement instance and at least one of the following: ID information from a sensing receiver or ID information from a sensing transmitter.

[0092] In some implementations, the identifier information of the sensing receiver or transmitter includes at least one of the following: device ID information of the transmission receiving point, device ID information of the sensing receiver or sensing transmitter; physical cell identifier (PCI) information of the sensing receiver or sensing transmitter; globally unique identifier information of the cell of the sensing receiver or sensing transmitter; or ID information of the reference signal, which includes at least one of the following: ID information of the resource of the reference signal, or ID information of the resource set of the reference signal.

[0093] In some embodiments, the local ID is unique for the corresponding target. Measurement instances may include indications of at least one of the following: local ID, time information, or measurement information. Measurement information may include at least one of the following: location information, including indications of at least one of delay, distance, angle of arrival (AOA), angle of departure (AOD), zenith of arrival (ZOA), or zenith of departure (ZOD); Doppler information, including indications of at least one of Doppler frequency or velocity; or micro-Doppler information.

[0094] In some implementations, in response to performing this operation, the transmitting device sends a measurement report to the sensing server to update the global database. The sensing service may be caused to: add a measurement instance with a new global identifier (ID) to the global database when the measurement report indicates a change relative to the measurement instance; add an incremental entry relative to the measurement instance to the global database when the measurement report indicates no change relative to the measurement instance, wherein the incremental entry has the same global ID as the measurement instance; maintain the measurement instance in the global database when the measurement report indicates no change relative to the measurement instance; or remove the measurement instance of the target from the global database when the measurement history indicates that the target does not exist within a threshold duration period.

[0095] In some implementations, a global ID is mapped to one or more local IDs of different sensing devices. Measurement reports may include at least one type of report determined by the sensing device to cause the sensing server to perform at least one corresponding operation. The sensing device may receive auxiliary information from the sensing server. The auxiliary information may include at least one of the following: a threshold for triggering a sensing device report of an add operation (e.g., a threshold duration, or a threshold number of missed measurements before deleting the target); a threshold for triggering a sensing device report of a modify operation; a threshold for triggering a sensing device report of a maintain operation; or a threshold for triggering a sensing device report of a remove operation.

[0096] In some embodiments, the sensing device (e.g., in a single-station or dual-station configuration) updates a set of resources for relaxing the degree of sensing measurement based on measurement history. The sensing device can then acquire a first measurement of a target at a first time and a second measurement at a second time, based on the updated set of resources. The sensing device can determine the difference between the first and second measurements. The sensing device can then use this difference to perform target tracking.

[0097] The sensing device can receive auxiliary information from the sensing server, including multiple candidate resource sets. The sensing device can then select resources from these candidate resource sets to relax the measurement level. The sensing device can switch / change / transition from the selected resources to another set of resources before or after completing frequency layer measurements.

[0098] In some implementations, the auxiliary information includes a relaxationSet information element (IE). This relaxationSet IE may include indications of multiple candidate resource sets. These candidate resource sets may originate from a specific frequency layer, thus the frequency layer is not indicated in the relaxationSet IE.

[0099] In some implementations, updating the set of resources used to relax the degree of sensing measurement includes one of the following operations: a user equipment selects a first set of resources and signals the selected first set of resources to a base station to cause the base station to switch to the selected first set of resources to transmit or receive sensing reference signals; a base station selects a first set of resources and signals the selected first set of resources to the user equipment to cause the user equipment to switch to the selected first set of resources to transmit or receive sensing reference signals; a first user equipment selects a first set of resources and signals the selected first set of resources to a second user equipment to cause the second user equipment to switch to the selected first set of resources to transmit or receive sensing reference signals; a first base station selects a first set of resources and signals the selected first set of resources to the second base station to cause the second base station to switch to the selected first set of resources to transmit or receive sensing reference signals; a first user equipment selects a first set of resources to cause the first user equipment to switch to the selected first set of resources to transmit and receive sensing reference signals; or a first base station selects a first set of resources to cause the first base station to switch to the selected first set of resources to transmit and receive sensing reference signals.

[0100] In some embodiments, a sensing device (e.g., a monitoring node) determines to apply a first set of resources to enhance the sensing measurement level based on a measurement history indicating that the target has greater mobility. This is achieved by at least one of the following: linking two sets of resources to form a first set of resources configured by a sensing server or a sensing device; receiving a configuration of the first set of resources from a sensing server; or having the sensing device select a configuration of the first set of resources.

[0101] The sensing device may send / report historical measurement information indicating greater target mobility to the sensing server. The sensing device may notify one or more sensing devices to apply a first set of resources to enhance the level of sensing measurement. In some embodiments, the sensing device reports / sends historical measurement information indicating greater target mobility to one or more sensing devices. The one or more sensing devices may request the sensing server to allocate or provide the first set of resources to enhance the level of sensing measurement. The one or more sensing devices may determine to apply the first set of resources to enhance the level of sensing measurement.

[0102] The sensing device can send a sensing information report to a sensing server containing a map of measured values, which correspond to at least one of the following: location information, including indications of at least one of delay, distance, angle of arrival (AOA), angle of departure (AOD), zenith angle of arrival (ZOA), or zenith angle of departure (ZOD); Doppler information, including indications of at least one of Doppler frequency or velocity; or micro-Doppler information. In some embodiments, the measured values ​​are either measured values ​​or values ​​processed according to one or more defined parameters, ranges, or thresholds. These measured values ​​may be compressed before being sent to the sensing server, depending on one or more configuration parameters. These measured values ​​may be the difference between reference values ​​and actual measured values. The report sending the information may include a map of measured values ​​and measurement instances.

[0103] In some implementations, the graph represents a neighborhood of the measurement instance. The graph may include value differences relative to a reference graph. The graph of the measurement values ​​can be limited by at least one of the following configurations: window size, granularity, minimum value, maximum value, or a specified size.

[0104] In some embodiments, the sensing device may determine to add, modify, maintain, or remove multiple measurement instances, each containing a corresponding value for a parameter hierarchy. The sensing device may combine these multiple measurement instances into a combined measurement instance organized in a hierarchical structure. Specifically, as traversing the hierarchy downwards, for each parameter in the hierarchy, the same value or operation for that corresponding parameter (e.g., removing or maintaining a measurement instance) is listed once as a branch in the hierarchy, while different values ​​or operations are listed separately, thus forming independent branches in the hierarchy. The sensing device may use this combined measurement instance to send a report to the sensing server regarding the addition, modification, maintenance, or removal operation. At the leaf nodes of the hierarchical branches, each leaf node may include: (i) the corresponding value for the corresponding parameter, and (ii) an identifier (e.g., a local ID) of the corresponding instance among the multiple measurement instances.

[0105] In some implementations, combining multiple measurement instances into a combined measurement instance includes: determining to group a subset of the multiple measurement instances into a group; and / or assigning a group ID to the group. When traversing the hierarchy downwards, for each parameter in the hierarchy, the same value or operation associated with that group for the corresponding parameter can be listed once as a branch of the hierarchy, along with the group ID.

[0106] In some implementations, the plurality of parameters includes at least one of the following: one or more location information parameters, one or more Doppler information parameters, or one or more micro-Doppler information parameters. The one or more location information parameters may include at least one of the following: delay, distance, angle of arrival (AOA), angle of departure (AOD), zenith angle of arrival (ZOA), or zenith angle of departure (ZOD). The one or more Doppler information parameters may include at least one of Doppler frequency or velocity.

[0107] While several embodiments of this document have been described above, it should be understood that these embodiments are presented by way of example only and not as a limitation. Similarly, various figures may depict exemplary architectures or constructions provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand the exemplary features and functions described herein. However, those skilled in the art should understand that this document is not limited to the exemplary architectures or constructions shown, but can be implemented using various alternative architectures and constructions. Furthermore, as those skilled in the art should understand, one or more features of one embodiment may be combined with one or more features of another embodiment described herein. Therefore, the breadth and scope of this disclosure should not be limited to any of the exemplary embodiments described above.

[0108] It should also be understood that any reference to elements using designations such as "first" or "second" as used herein does not generally limit the number or order of these elements. Rather, these designations serve as a convenient means of distinguishing two or more elements or instances of elements. Therefore, mentioning first and second elements does not imply that only two elements can be used, or that the first element must somehow precede the second element.

[0109] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that information and signals can be represented using any of a variety of different techniques and methods. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, and symbols may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, light fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0110] Those skilled in the art will also understand that any of the various illustrative logic blocks, modules, processors, devices, circuits, methods, and functions described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware (e.g., digital implementations, analog implementations, or a combination thereof), firmware, various forms of program or design code incorporating instructions (which may be referred to herein as "software" or "software unit" for convenience), or any combination of these technologies. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware, firmware, and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been generally described above in accordance with their functions. Whether such a function is implemented as hardware, firmware, or software, or a combination of these technologies, depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the system as a whole. Those skilled in the art can implement the described functions in various ways for each specific application, but such implementation decisions will not depart from the scope of this disclosure.

[0111] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that the various exemplary logic blocks, modules, devices, components, and circuits described herein can be implemented within or executed by an integrated circuit (IC), which may include a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, or any combination thereof. Logic blocks, modules, and circuits may also include antennas and / or transceivers for communicating with various components within a network or device. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but alternatively, it may be any conventional processor, controller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a DSP core, or any other suitable configuration performing the functions described herein.

[0112] If implemented in software, these functions can be stored as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Therefore, the steps of the methods or algorithms disclosed herein can be implemented as software stored on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include computer storage media and communication media, including any medium capable of transferring computer programs or code from one place to another. Storage media can be any available medium that is accessible to a computer. By way of example and not limitation, such computer-readable media can include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disc storage, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and is accessible to a computer.

[0113] As used herein, the term "module" refers to software, firmware, hardware, and any combination of these elements for performing the relevant functions described herein. Furthermore, for the purposes of discussion, various modules are described as discrete units; however, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that two or more modules can be combined to form a single module that performs the relevant functions according to embodiments of this disclosure.

[0114] Furthermore, in the embodiments described herein, memory or other storage devices and communication components may be employed. It should be understood that, for clarity, the embodiments described above have been described with reference to various functional units and processors. However, it will be apparent that any suitable functional distribution among different functional units, processing logic elements, or domains may be used without departing from this document. For example, a function illustrated as being performed by a separate processing logic element or controller may be performed by the same processing logic element or controller. Therefore, references to specific functional units are merely references to suitable means for providing said function and do not indicate a strict logical or physical structure or organization.

[0115] Various modifications to the embodiments described in this disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other embodiments without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is accorded the widest scope consistent with the novel features and principles disclosed herein, as set forth in the following claims.

Claims

1. A method comprising: The sensing device determines the historical measurement information acquired in the integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system; as well as The sensing device determines a sensing configuration based on historical measurement information, and the sensing configuration is used to report or update one or more sets of sensing information.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: The sensing device manages the one or more sets of sensing signal information based on the measurement history information.

3. The method according to claim 2, further comprising: The sensing device determines to report at least one of the following: When the measurement history information indicates that the measurement instance is related to a new target, the addition of a measurement instance with a new local identifier ID, and at least one of the following: ID information from the sensing receiver or ID information from the sensing transmitter; When the measurement history information indicates a change relative to the measurement instance, an incremental entry is added relative to the measurement instance, wherein the incremental entry has the same local ID as the measurement instance, and at least one of the following: ID information from the sensing receiver or ID information from the sensing transmitter; When the measurement history information indicates no change relative to the measurement instance, the measurement instance is maintained, wherein the message reporting the maintenance has the same local ID as the measurement instance, and at least one of the following: ID information from the sensing receiver or ID information from the sensing transmitter; or When the measurement history information indicates that there is no target within a threshold duration period, the measurement instance of the target is removed, wherein the message for the removal has the same local ID as the measurement instance, and at least one of the following: ID information from the sensing receiver or ID information from the sensing transmitter.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein, The ID information of the sensing receiver or the ID information of the sensing transmitter includes at least one of the following: The device ID information of the receiving point and the device ID information of the sensing receiver or the sensing transmitter; The physical cell identifier (PCI) information of the sensing receiver or the PCI information of the sensing transmitter; The globally unique identifier of the cell of the sensing receiver or the globally unique identifier of the cell of the sensing transmitter; or The ID information of the reference signal includes at least one of the following: the ID information of the resource of the reference signal, or the ID information of the resource set of the reference signal.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein, Meet at least one of the following: The local ID is unique for the corresponding target; The measurement instance includes an indication of at least one of the following: local ID, time information, or measurement information; or The measurement information includes at least one of the following: Location information, which includes indications of at least one of the following: delay, distance, angle of arrival (AOA), angle of departure (AOD), angle of arrival (ZOA), or angle of departure (ZOD); Doppler information, which includes an indication of at least one of the Doppler frequency or velocity; or Micro-Doppler information.

6. The method according to claim 2, further comprising: In response to performing the operation, the transmitting device sends a measurement report to the sensing server to update the global database.

7. The method of claim 6, further comprising causing the sensing service to: When the measurement report indicates that the measurement instance is related to a new target, add the measurement instance with the new global ID to the global database; When the measurement report indicates a change relative to the measurement instance, an incremental entry relative to the measurement instance is added to the global database, wherein... The incremental entry has the same global ID as the measurement instance; When the measurement report indicates that there has been no change relative to the measurement instance, the measurement instance is maintained in the global database; or When the measurement history indicates that the target does not exist within a threshold duration period, the measurement instance of the target is removed from the global database.

8. The method according to claim 3 or 7, wherein, Meet at least one of the following: The global ID is mapped to one or more local IDs of different sensing devices; or The measurement report includes at least one type of report determined by the sensing device, causing the sensing server to perform at least one corresponding operation.

9. The method according to claim 3, further comprising: The sensing device receives auxiliary information from the sensing server, the auxiliary information including at least one of the following: Used to trigger the sensing device to report the execution of the added threshold; The threshold used to trigger the sensing device to report the execution of the modification; The threshold used to trigger the sensing device to report the maintenance; or The threshold used to trigger the sensing device to report and perform the removal.

10. The method of claim 1, comprising at least one of the following: The sensing device updates the resource set for relaxing the sensing measurement level based on the measurement history; or The sensing device acquires a first measurement of the target at a first time and a second measurement at a second time, based on the updated resource set; or The difference between the first measurement and the second measurement is determined by the sensing device; or The sensing device uses the value difference to track the target.

11. The method of claim 10, comprising at least one of the following: The sensing device receives auxiliary information from the sensing server, the auxiliary information including multiple candidate resource sets; The sensing device selects resources from the plurality of candidate resources for relaxing the measurement level; or The sensing device switches from the selected resource set to another resource set before or after completing the frequency layer measurement.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein, Meet at least one of the following: The auxiliary information includes the relaxationSet information element IE; The relaxationSet IE includes an indication of the plurality of candidate resource sets; or The multiple candidate resource sets are from the frequency layer, so the frequency layer is not indicated in the relaxationSet IE.

13. The method according to claim 10, wherein, Updating the resource set used to relax the degree of perception measurement includes one of the following operations: The user equipment selects a first resource set and sends a signal to the base station to notify the selected first resource set, so that the base station switches to the selected first resource set to send or receive sensing reference signals. The base station selects a first resource set and sends a signal to the user equipment to notify the selected first resource set, so that the user equipment switches to the selected first resource set to send or receive sensing reference signals. The first user equipment selects a first resource set and sends a signal to the second user equipment to notify the selected first resource set, so that the second user equipment switches to the selected first resource set to send or receive sensing reference signals. The first base station selects a first resource set and sends a signal to the second base station to notify the selected first resource set, so that the second base station switches to the selected first resource set to send or receive sensing reference signals. The first user equipment selects a first resource set so that the first user equipment switches to the selected first resource set to transmit and receive sensing reference signals. or The first base station selects a first resource set so that the first base station switches to the selected first resource set to transmit and receive sensing reference signals.

14. The method of claim 10, further comprising: The sensing device updates the measurement history based on the indication that the target has greater mobility, in order to enhance the sensing measurement level by applying the first resource set in at least one of the following ways: Link the two sets of resources to form a first resource set configured by the sensing server or the sensing device; Receive configuration from the first resource set of the perception server; or The configuration of the first resource set is selected by the sensing device.

15. The method of claim 10, comprising at least one of the following: The sensing device reports the measurement history information indicating that the target has greater mobility to the sensing server. in, The sensing device notifies one or more sensing devices to apply a first resource set to enhance the sensing measurement level.

16. The method of claim 10, comprising at least one of the following: The sensing device reports the measurement history information indicating that the target has greater mobility to one or more sensing devices. in, The one or more sensing devices request the sensing server to allocate or provide a first set of resources to enhance the sensing measurement level; or The one or more sensing devices determine to apply a first resource set to enhance the degree of sensing measurement.

17. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: The sensing device sends a sensing information report to the sensing server, the sensing information report including a spectrum of measurement values ​​corresponding to at least one of the following: Location information, which includes indications of at least one of the following: delay, distance, angle of arrival (AOA), angle of departure (AOD), angle of arrival (ZOA), or angle of departure (ZOD); Doppler information, which includes an indication of at least one of the Doppler frequency or velocity; or Micro-Doppler information.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein, Meet at least one of the following: The measured value is either the value being measured or the value after being processed according to one or more defined parameters, ranges, or thresholds; The measurement value is compressed before it is sent to the sensing server, based on one or more configuration parameters. The measured value is the difference between the reference value and the actual measured value; or The report sent includes the measured value graphs and measurement examples.

19. The method according to claim 18, wherein, Meet at least one of the following: The map represents the neighborhood of the measurement instance; The spectrum includes the value difference relative to the reference spectrum; and The graph of the measured values ​​is subject to at least one of the following configurations: window size, granularity, minimum value, maximum value, or specified size.

20. The method of claim 1, comprising at least one of the following: The sensing device determines to add, modify, maintain, or remove multiple measurement instances, each of which includes a corresponding value for a parameter level. The sensing device combines the multiple measurement instances into a combined measurement instance organized in a hierarchical structure, wherein, When traversing the hierarchy downwards, for each parameter in the hierarchy, the same value or operation for the corresponding parameter is listed once as a branch in the hierarchy, while different values ​​or operations are listed separately to form independent branches in the hierarchy. or The sensing device uses the combined measurement instance to send a report to the sensing server regarding the addition, modification, maintenance, or removal operations.

21. The method according to claim 20, wherein, At the leaf nodes of the hierarchical branches, each leaf node includes: (i) the corresponding value of the corresponding parameter, and (ii) the identifier of the corresponding instance among multiple measurement instances.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein, Combining the multiple measurement instances into a combined measurement instance includes: Determine a subset of the plurality of measurement instances to be grouped into one group; and Assign a group ID to the group. When traversing the hierarchy downwards, for each parameter in the hierarchy, the same value or operation associated with the corresponding parameter for that parameter, along with the group ID, is listed once as a branch in the hierarchy.

23. The method of claim 20, wherein, Meet at least one of the following: The plurality of parameters includes at least one of the following: one or more location information parameters, one or more Doppler information parameters, or one or more micro-Doppler information parameters; The one or more location information parameters include at least one of the following: delay, distance, angle of arrival (AOA), angle of departure (AOD), zenith angle of arrival (ZOA), or zenith angle of departure (ZOD); or The one or more Doppler information parameters include at least one of Doppler frequency or velocity.

24. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 23.

25. An apparatus comprising: At least one processor is configured to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 23.

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