Application of antler polypeptide in preparation of products for preventing radioactive liver injury

Abstract

The application discloses application of a pilose antler polysaccharide in preparation of a radioactive liver injury protection product and belongs to the technical field of biological pharmacy. The application of the pilose antler polysaccharide in preparation of the radioactive liver injury protection product shows that the polysaccharide can not only effectively reduce oxidative stress and inflammatory injury, but also specifically intervene in the core pathological mechanism of the radioactive liver injury, that is, the pilose antler polysaccharide can inhibit progressive liver fibrosis by down-regulating the expression of a TGF-beta signal path and regulate the expression balance of BAX / Bcl-2 genes to block liver cell apoptosis mediated by a mitochondrion path, thereby effectively relieving liver injury caused by ionizing radiation, and the pilose antler polysaccharide has no toxic side effects and has a wide application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the application of deer antler polysaccharide in the preparation of radiation-induced liver injury protection products, belonging to the field of biopharmaceutical technology. Background Technology

[0002] Radiation-induced liver injury (RILE) is a type of pathological damage to the liver caused by exposure to ionizing radiation, resulting in structural destruction and functional abnormalities. It primarily includes structural damage to hepatocytes caused by direct ionizing radiation, excessive production of radiation-induced oxygen free radicals leading to oxidative stress disorders, and persistent activation of radiation-mediated inflammatory responses. Long-term progression can lead to liver fibrosis and even increase the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. The most effective way to prevent RILE is to avoid exposure to any radioactive materials, or, in cases of unavoidable exposure, to take effective protective measures to reduce the harm to the body. Currently, clinical interventions for RILE primarily focus on symptomatic and supportive care, such as targeted interventions to protect normal liver function and alleviate liver inflammation, thereby reducing clinical symptoms and slowing the progression of damage.

[0003] In the field of biomedicine, the application of polysaccharides and their derivatives has become increasingly widespread. These substances are mostly derived from natural plants and animals, and compared to chemically synthesized components, they have significant advantages such as lower toxicity and no obvious serious side effects. Deer antler polysaccharide, an acidic polysaccharide, is the core active component of deer antler, a traditional and precious Chinese medicinal material, and is also one of the key components of animal connective tissue. Its chemical composition is complex and diverse, and its corresponding pharmacological activities are also very extensive. Among these, its effects on anti-ulceration, enhancing the body's immunity, accelerating wound healing, anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, and inhibiting tumor growth have been confirmed by modern pharmacology.

[0004] However, there is very little research on the effects of deer antler polysaccharides in preventing and treating radiation-induced liver injury. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide an application of deer antler polysaccharide in the preparation of radiation-induced liver injury protection products. The research results of the present invention show that deer antler polysaccharide has a significant preventive and therapeutic effect on radiation-induced liver injury caused by ionizing radiation, filling a technological gap in related fields and possessing significant clinical application value and industrialization prospects.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the following technical solution is provided: This invention provides the application of deer antler polysaccharide in the preparation of radiation-induced liver injury protection products.

[0007] In one embodiment, the product includes pharmaceuticals, health products, and animal feed.

[0008] In one embodiment, the deer antler polysaccharide is commercially available or homemade.

[0009] In one embodiment, the deer antler polysaccharide achieves the effect of protecting against radiation-induced liver injury by regulating the expression of apoptosis and fibrosis-related factors; that is, it reduces the mRNA expression levels of radiation-induced TGF-β and BAX genes, increases the mRNA expression level of Bcl-2 gene, thereby correcting the imbalance of the BAX / Bcl-2 ratio, reducing collagen deposition in liver tissue, and inhibiting hepatocyte apoptosis to alleviate liver injury.

[0010] In one embodiment, the deer antler polysaccharide alleviates liver damage by increasing the expression of IL-10, HO-1, and Nrf-2 in liver tissue, while decreasing the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and the pro-inflammatory factor TNF-α in liver tissue.

[0011] In one embodiment, the drug is one or more of liquid reagents, powders, and granules.

[0012] In one embodiment, the deer antler polysaccharide is composed of mannose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, glucose, galactose, arabinose and fucose, with a molar ratio of 5:11:2:6:11:1:1.

[0013] In one embodiment, the product further includes commonly used pharmaceutical excipients such as fillers, lubricants, flavoring agents, and antioxidants.

[0014] In one embodiment, the preparation of the deer antler polysaccharide includes the following: Dissolve deer antler powder in water and stir and extract in a water bath. Then adjust the pH of the solution to 7.5-8.5, add a mixture of trypsin and papain for enzymatic hydrolysis, sterilize after enzymatic hydrolysis, centrifuge, collect the supernatant, concentrate by rotation, add anhydrous ethanol for alcohol precipitation, redissolve after alcohol precipitation, and freeze dry to obtain the final product.

[0015] In one embodiment, the mass ratio of the deer antler powder to water is 1~5:20.

[0016] In one embodiment, the extraction temperature is 30~40°C and the time is 1~3 hours.

[0017] In one embodiment, the mass ratio of trypsin to papain is 1:1.

[0018] In one embodiment, the enzymatic hydrolysis is performed at 30-40°C for 2-5 hours.

[0019] In one embodiment, the amount of the enzyme mixture added is 2-5% of the mass of the deer antler powder.

[0020] In one embodiment, the centrifugation conditions are: centrifugation at a speed of 8000~10000 r / min for 15~20 min.

[0021] In one embodiment, the spin concentration is to concentrate the reaction solution to one-tenth of its original volume.

[0022] In one embodiment, the reconstituted solution is repeatedly deproteinized using the Sevage method.

[0023] Beneficial effects: This invention utilizes deer antler polysaccharide to prepare products that protect against radiation-induced liver injury. Deer antler polysaccharide achieves its protective effect against radiation-induced liver injury by regulating the expression of apoptosis and fibrosis-related factors; that is, it effectively reduces the mRNA expression levels of radiation-induced TGF-β and BAX genes, increases the mRNA expression level of Bcl-2 gene, thereby correcting the imbalance of the BAX / Bcl-2 ratio, reducing collagen deposition in liver tissue, and inhibiting hepatocyte apoptosis to alleviate liver injury. In addition, deer antler polysaccharide can also alleviate radiation-induced liver injury by increasing the expression of IL-10, HO-1, and Nrf-2 in liver tissue, while reducing the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and pro-inflammatory factor TNF-α in liver tissue. In summary, this deer antler polysaccharide not only effectively reduces oxidative stress and inflammatory damage, but also specifically intervenes in the core pathological mechanism of radiation-induced liver injury: by downregulating the expression of the TGF-β signaling pathway to inhibit progressive liver fibrosis, and by regulating the balance of BAX / Bcl-2 gene expression to block mitochondrial pathway-mediated hepatocyte apoptosis, it effectively alleviates liver damage caused by ionizing radiation without any toxic side effects, and has very important clinical application value and industrialization prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 The above are liver H&E images of mice in each group in Example 2 of this invention. Figure 2 Masson diagrams of the livers of mice in each group in Example 2 of this invention; Figure 3 This is a graph showing the weight changes of mice in each group in Example 2 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a liver index graph of mice in each group in Example 2 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a graph showing the serum ALT content data of mice in each group in Example 2 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a graph showing the serum AST content data of mice in each group in Example 2 of the present invention; Figure 7This is a graph showing the relative mRNA expression levels of the TNF-α gene in the liver tissues of mice in each group in Example 2 of this invention. Figure 8 This is a graph showing the relative mRNA expression levels of the HO-1 gene in the liver tissues of mice in each group of mice in Example 2 of this invention. Figure 9 This is a graph showing the relative mRNA expression levels of the Nrf-2 gene in the liver tissues of mice in each group in Example 2 of this invention. Figure 10 This is a graph showing the relative mRNA expression levels of the IL-10 gene in the liver tissues of mice in each group of the present invention, Example 2. Figure 11 This is a graph showing the relative mRNA expression levels of the TGF-β gene in the liver tissues of mice in each group of mice in Example 2 of this invention. Figure 12 This is a graph showing the relative mRNA expression levels of the BAX gene in the liver tissues of mice in each group in Example 2 of the present invention. Figure 13 This is a graph showing the relative mRNA expression levels of the Bcl-2 gene in the liver tissues of mice in each group of mice in Example 2 of this invention. Figure 14 This is a graph showing the relative mRNA expression levels of the BAX / Bcl-2 gene in the liver tissues of mice in each group of mice in Example 2 of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The specific embodiments described below further illustrate the present invention.

[0026] The source of raw materials involved in this invention: Trypsin (Sigma 9002-07-7 1000-2000 BAEE U / mg); Papain (Sangon 9001-73-4 ≥2000 U / mg).

[0027] The testing method involved in this invention: 1. Sevage method Mix the extract with Sevage reagent [chloroform: n-butanol = 4:1 (V / V)] in a 4:1 ratio, shake, centrifuge, and the denatured protein is located at the interface between the extract and Sevage reagent.

[0028] 2. Monosaccharide component analysis The monosaccharide composition of PAPS was determined using a pre-column derivatization method. 5 mg of PAPS sample was accurately weighed into a stoppered hydrolysis tube containing 1 mL of 2 M trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) solution. The tube was placed in a 121°C oven for 3 h of hydrolysis, followed by drying with nitrogen. Then, 1.0 mL of methanol was added, vortexed, and the mixture was dried again under nitrogen. This process was repeated three times. 400 μL of ammonia solution was added to each of the dried sample and a mixed standard of mannose (Man), rhamnose (Rha), glucuronic acid (GlcA), galacturonic acid (GalA), lactose (Lac), glucose (Glc), galactose (Gal), arabinose (Ara), xylose (Xyl), and fucose (Fuc). After vortexing to dissolve, 400 μL of 0.3 M PMP methanol solution was added, and the mixture was incubated in a 70°C water bath for 30 min. The derivatized sample was dried under nitrogen atmosphere, repeated three times. Then, 1 mL of 1% glacial acetic acid solution was added to the sample tube, vortexed, followed by 1 mL of chloroform. After mixing and standing, the chloroform was removed. Extraction was performed three times, discarding the lower organic phase. The sample was filtered through a 0.22 μm microporous membrane and analyzed using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) system equipped with a PDA detector and an LXQ mass spectrometer. The chromatographic column was a Silgreen ODS C18 column (250 x 4.6 mm, 5 μm); column temperature 30°C; injection volume 10 μL; mobile phase 20 mM ammonium acetate-acetonitrile (78:22, v / v); flow rate 1 mL / min.

[0029] Example 1 The preparation methods of deer antler polysaccharides include the following: The ground deer antler powder was placed in a beaker, and 20 times the amount of distilled water was added. The mixture was stirred in a water bath at 37°C (400 rpm) for 1 hour. Then, the pH was adjusted to 7.5-8.5 with sodium hydroxide. An enzyme mixture of 2.5% of the raw material (trypsin:papain = 1:1) was added, and the mixture was enzymatically hydrolyzed at 37°C for 2 hours. After boiling for 40 minutes, the mixture was left overnight. The resulting aqueous extract was centrifuged (4000 rpm, 10 minutes), and the supernatant was retained while the precipitate was discarded. The supernatant was concentrated under reduced pressure to one-tenth of its original volume using a rotary evaporator. Two times the volume of anhydrous ethanol was added, and after alcohol precipitation, the mixture was reconstituted with a small amount of distilled water. The protein was repeatedly removed using the Sevage method, and the mixture was freeze-dried to obtain flocculent deer antler polysaccharide.

[0030] The monosaccharide composition of the deer antler polysaccharide prepared above was determined by pre-column derivatization. By comparing the retention time of the peaks and analyzing the peak area of ​​the chromatogram, it was determined that the deer antler polysaccharide was composed of mannose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, glucose, galactose, arabinose and fucose, with a molar ratio of approximately 5:11:2:6:11:1:1.

[0031] Example 2 The efficacy of deer antler polysaccharide in the treatment of radiation-induced liver injury Forty 6-week-old male C57BL / 6 SPF mice, weighing 18–22 g, were purchased from Liaoning Changsheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Ten mice were placed in each group and given free access to food and water to maintain a circadian rhythm.

[0032] Grouping Experiment: Mice were randomly divided into three groups: a normal control group (NC group), a radioactive model group (Mod group), a low-dose deer antler polysaccharide intervention group (PAPS-L group), and a high-dose deer antler polysaccharide intervention group (PAPS-H group), with 10 mice in each group. All animal experiments were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Dalian University of Technology and conducted in accordance with the guidelines of the Animal Experimentation Institute.

[0033] NC group: 200ulPBS once a day for a total of 7 times by gavage.

[0034] Mod group: 200ulPBS once a day for a total of 7 times.

[0035] PAPS-L group: 100 mg / mL deer antler polysaccharide, once a day, for a total of 7 times by gavage.

[0036] PAPS-H group: 200 mg / mL deer antler polysaccharide, once a day, for a total of 7 times by gavage.

[0037] Following the above protocol, one week after gavage, the radioactive model group (Mod group), the low-dose intervention group (PAPS-L group), and the high-dose group (PAPS-H group) were uniformly subjected to timed and quantitative abdominal X-ray irradiation to induce an ionizing radiation-induced liver injury model. Three days after irradiation, mice were fasted for 12 hours but allowed to drink water before being euthanized by dislocation. Blood samples were collected, centrifuged (3000 r / 10 min), and serum was separated and stored at -20℃. ALT and AST levels were measured using a kit from Nanjing Jiancheng Biotechnology Research Institute. After euthanasia, liver tissue was removed and washed with pre-cooled physiological saline to remove blood contamination. Liver weight was measured, and liver index was calculated. A small amount of liver tissue was fixed and stained with H&E. An appropriate amount of liver tissue was cut, added with an appropriate amount of PBS solution, homogenized, centrifuged at 4℃, 12000×g for 10 min, and the supernatant was collected to obtain the liver homogenate sample, which was stored at -80℃ for later use.

[0038] Results Analysis 1. Degree of liver tissue damage in mice On the first day of the experiment, the mice in the other three groups, except for the control group, showed a significant state of depression after being subjected to quantitative and timed ionizing radiation by a CT scanner. Their activity level was significantly reduced, and some mice even remained still for a long time.

[0039] Figure 1The images show H&E staining of mouse liver tissue after the experiment. In the control group, the liver lobule structure was intact, with no obvious inflammatory cell infiltration in the portal area, and no abnormalities were observed in hepatocyte morphology, nuclei, or nuclear membranes. In the model group, after exposure to ionizing radiation, the liver tissue showed a significant inflammatory response, with lymphocytes and monocytes forming focal infiltrations in the portal area, accumulating to form hepatic granuloma-like lesions, accompanied by punctate necrosis and small vacuoles of hepatocytes, demonstrating the successful establishment of the radiation-induced liver injury model. In the low-dose deer antler polysaccharide treatment group, after continuous administration of 100 mg / mL deer antler polysaccharide for one week, compared with the model group, the inflammatory cell infiltration in the liver tissue was reduced, and the granuloma-like lesions were significantly alleviated, but hepatocyte edema was still observed, indicating that deer antler polysaccharide has a certain repairing effect on liver ionizing radiation damage. In the high-dose deer antler polysaccharide treatment group, after continuous administration of 200 mg / mL deer antler polysaccharide for one week... After applying mg / mL of deer antler polysaccharide, the liver tissue showed significant improvement. Compared with the model group, the inflammatory infiltration, necrosis, and edema lesions in the liver tissue basically subsided, indicating that the liver tissue damage in mice was significantly improved, and their overall condition was closer to that of the control group. This result further verifies that there is a close relationship between the repair effect of deer antler polysaccharide on liver damage and the dosage.

[0040] Figure 2 shows the Masson collagen staining results of liver tissue in mice of each group. In the control group, only a small amount of physiological collagen fibers were present in the portal area, with no abnormal collagen deposition. The model group showed characteristic fibrotic changes secondary to radiation injury: a large amount of collagen fibers proliferated in the portal area and infiltrated and cross-linked into the liver parenchyma. The fibrotic lesions and inflammatory granulomas occurred simultaneously, further confirming the successful construction of the radiation-induced liver injury model. Compared with the model group, the low-dose deer antler polysaccharide intervention group showed a reduced degree of collagen fiber proliferation in the liver, but a small amount of collagen deposition was still present. Compared with the model group, the high-dose deer antler polysaccharide intervention group showed a significant inhibition of collagen deposition, and the fibrotic pathological changes were basically restored.

[0041] The combined results of the two staining methods show that the ionizing radiation-induced liver injury model was successfully constructed and further verified that the repair effect of deer antler polysaccharide on liver injury is closely related to the dosage.

[0042] 2. Mouse growth curve Body weight is a core basic indicator reflecting the health and growth status of mice. The body weight growth curves of mice in different treatment groups are shown below. Figure 3 .Depend on Figure 3It was found that after a week of continuous administration of deer antler polysaccharide, compared with the normal group and the model group, the mice in the high- and low-dose deer antler polysaccharide groups showed no significant abnormal fluctuations in body weight gain, and no adverse phenomena such as weight loss or growth retardation occurred. In addition, the mice exhibited good growth, positive mental state, and good stress response. Their dietary intake, excretion function, and daily behavior patterns were all normal, indicating that deer antler polysaccharide at these two doses had no significant toxic effects.

[0043] 3. Effects of liver index on mice The liver index, which is the ratio of liver weight to total body weight in mice, is an important indicator of liver health. Under normal physiological conditions, the liver-to-body weight ratio remains within a relatively stable range. However, when an animal's body suffers some degree of injury, the weight of the corresponding organ may change significantly.

[0044] like Figure 4 As shown, the liver indices of the control group mice remained stable within the normal range, indicating that these mice were in good health and their livers had not suffered significant damage. In contrast, the liver indices of the other three groups of mice were all lower than those of the control group, clearly revealing that the livers of these mice had suffered radiation damage.

[0045] Notably, in both groups of mice treated with deer antler polysaccharide, the liver index was significantly higher compared to the model group. This is mainly attributed to the antioxidant properties of deer antler polysaccharide, which effectively alleviates liver damage symptoms caused by oxidation. This finding clearly demonstrates that deer antler polysaccharide exhibits a significant protective effect against radiation-induced liver injury in mice.

[0046] 4. Effects on transaminase levels in mice The main function of transaminases is to catalyze the amino-transfer reaction between amino acids and keto acids. They are widely distributed in animal tissues, especially in the myocardium, brain, liver, and kidneys. Transaminases are mainly found in hepatocytes and are essential "catalysts" for normal liver function, as well as an important indicator of liver health.

[0047] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the control group mice remained stable within the normal range, demonstrating that ALT and AST function normally in healthy mice with normal liver function. However, the levels of ALT and AST in irradiated mice were significantly higher than those in the control group. This is because the irradiated mice suffered liver cell damage, leading to the release of transaminases into the serum. With the intervention of deer antler polysaccharide, the levels of both transaminases decreased significantly compared to the model group mice, indicating a role in repairing damaged liver cells.

[0048] 5. Influence of other physiological indicators 1) Detection of expression of inflammation-related genes and antioxidant-related genes like Figure 7 As shown, compared with the control group, the relative expression level of TNF-α gene mRNA in the model group mice was significantly increased, indicating a higher degree of oxidative stress and inflammation in the body, and the radiation injury mouse model was successfully established. In the two groups of mice given polysaccharides, the relative expression level of TNF-α gene mRNA in the liver tissue was slightly higher than that in the control group and lower than that in the model group. This indicates that deer antler polysaccharides have an intervention effect on the relative expression level of TNF-α inflammatory factor mRNA in mice.

[0049] like Figures 8-10 As shown, compared with the control group, the relative mRNA expression levels of IL-10, HO-1, and Nrf-2 genes in the liver tissue of the model group mice were significantly reduced, indicating that the radiation-induced injury mouse model was successfully established. Compared with the model group, under the intervention of deer antler polysaccharide, the relative mRNA expression levels of IL-10, HO-1, and Nrf-2 genes in mice in the low-dose and high-dose groups were significantly increased, indicating that deer antler polysaccharide has an intervention effect on the relative mRNA expression levels of IL-10, HO-1, and Nrf-2 genes in the liver tissue of radiation-injured mice. This further demonstrates that deer antler polysaccharide can exert liver-protective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects by activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway, upregulating the expression of downstream HO-1 antioxidant protein, and promoting the secretion of the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10.

[0050] 2) Detection of expression of genes related to liver fibrosis and hepatocyte apoptosis like Figure 11 As shown, compared with the control group, the mRNA expression level of TGF-β gene in the liver tissue of mice in the model group was significantly increased, indicating that ionizing radiation can enhance the expression of the pro-fibrotic marker TGF-β, causing abnormal collagen accumulation in the liver. After intervention with deer antler polysaccharide, the expression of TGF-β in the PAPS-L group was lower than that in the model group, and the downregulation effect was more obvious in the PAPS-H group, and the effect increased with the increase of the dosage.

[0051] like Figure 12 , Figure 13As shown, compared with the normal group, the model group showed increased mRNA expression of the pro-apoptotic gene BAX and decreased mRNA expression of the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2 in liver tissue, indicating that ionizing radiation induces hepatocyte apoptosis, thus proving the successful construction of the radiation-induced liver injury model. Compared with the model group, the PAPS-L group downregulated BAX and upregulated Bcl-2 expression; the PAPS-H group showed a more pronounced regulatory effect on both apoptosis genes, improving the imbalance between pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic gene expression and reducing hepatocyte apoptosis. Further analysis of the BAX / Bcl-2 mRNA expression ratio (e.g.) was conducted. Figure 14 As shown in the figure, this ratio, a key indicator reflecting the tendency of cell apoptosis, was significantly increased in the model group (P<0.0001), indicating that the balance between pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic signals in liver tissue was severely disrupted after modeling, and cells were in a state of high apoptotic stress. However, after PAPS intervention, especially in the high-dose group (PAPS-H), this ratio was significantly pulled back to near the normal group level (P<0.0001). This result strongly confirms at the molecular level that PAPS can effectively correct radiation-induced apoptosis signaling pathway disorders by bidirectionally regulating the expression of BAX and Bcl-2, thereby exerting a significant anti-apoptotic and hepatoprotective effect.

[0052] In summary, deer antler polysaccharides can regulate the expression of apoptosis and fibrosis-related factors, dose-dependently reducing the mRNA expression levels of radiation-induced TGF-β and BAX genes, and increasing the mRNA expression level of the Bcl-2 gene, thereby correcting the BAX / Bcl-2 ratio imbalance, reducing collagen deposition in liver tissue, and inhibiting hepatocyte apoptosis, thus exhibiting a significant preventive effect against radiation-induced liver injury. In the above examples, the application of deer antler polysaccharides in the preparation of radiation-induced liver injury protective drugs was verified only in mice, particularly in the prevention and treatment of acute liver injury induced by radiation irradiation. However, the application of deer antler polysaccharides in the preparation of products for the prevention and treatment of liver injury is also applicable to other animals or humans, including but not limited to pigs, cattle, sheep, and humans.

[0053] The embodiments provided above are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, nor are the described steps intended to limit the order of execution. Any obvious modifications made to the invention by those skilled in the art based on existing common knowledge also fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. Application of deer antler polysaccharide in the preparation of radiation-induced liver injury protection products.

2. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The products include pharmaceuticals, health supplements, and animal feed.

3. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The deer antler polysaccharide mentioned is either commercially available or homemade.

4. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The deer antler polysaccharide achieves the effect of protecting against radiation-induced liver injury by regulating the expression of apoptosis and fibrosis-related factors.

5. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The deer antler polysaccharide alleviates liver damage by increasing the expression of IL-10, HO-1, and Nrf-2 in liver tissue, while decreasing the levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and pro-inflammatory factor TNF-α in liver tissue.

6. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drug is one or more of the following: liquid reagent, powder, and granules.

7. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The deer antler polysaccharide is composed of mannose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, glucose, galactose, arabinose and fucose, with a molar ratio of 5:11:2:6:11:1:

1.

8. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The products also include fillers, lubricants, flavoring agents, antioxidants, and other commonly used pharmaceutical excipients.

9. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation of the deer antler polysaccharide includes the following steps: Dissolve deer antler powder in water and stir and extract in a water bath. Then adjust the pH of the solution to 7.5-8.5, add a mixture of trypsin and papain for enzymatic hydrolysis, sterilize after enzymatic hydrolysis, centrifuge, collect the supernatant, concentrate by rotation, add anhydrous ethanol for alcohol precipitation, redissolve after alcohol precipitation, and freeze dry to obtain the final product.

10. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the deer antler powder to water is 1~5:20.

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