Flexible clamping anti-vibration multi-axis vertical CNC machine tool

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of CNC machine tool technology and discloses a flexible clamping and vibration-damping multi-axis vertical CNC machine tool, including a machine tool gantry frame, a multi-axis power spindle box, a lifting and clamping assembly, a flexible vibration-damping clamping fixture, and a machine tool base protective housing. The multi-axis power spindle box is slidably mounted on the top of the machine tool gantry frame, the lifting and clamping assembly is fixed in the middle of the machine tool gantry frame, and the flexible vibration-damping clamping fixture is mounted above the machine tool base protective housing corresponding to the lifting and clamping assembly. In this flexible clamping and vibration-damping multi-axis vertical CNC machine tool, after workpiece positioning, the equipment control system activates the clamping drive cylinder. The cylinder drives the push rod to extend and retract, causing the spring-mounted slide to slide smoothly along the guide optical axis, thereby driving the flexible clamping jaw assembly to close. During clamping, the workpiece contacts the clamping head first, and the buffer and vibration-damping spring is simultaneously compressed, utilizing the flexible buffering characteristics of the spring to adaptively conform to the workpiece's shape contour.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of CNC machine tool technology, specifically to a flexible clamping and vibration-damping multi-axis vertical CNC machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] Multi-axis vertical CNC machine tools are core equipment in the field of precision machining, widely used in milling, drilling, and boring processes for high-precision parts in aerospace, precision molds, and automotive components. However, existing traditional multi-axis vertical CNC machine tools suffer from numerous technical defects in actual production, severely restricting workpiece machining accuracy and equipment stability.

[0003] Firstly, existing CNC machine tools mostly employ rigid clamping structures, directly locking the workpiece with a rigid chuck or pressure plate. This clamping method is highly susceptible to stress concentration when clamping thin-walled parts, irregularly shaped curved surfaces, or brittle precision workpieces, leading to workpiece deformation and surface damage. Furthermore, rigid clamping lacks buffering margins, and the workpiece is subjected to high-frequency micro-vibrations during machining due to spindle cutting impact and equipment vibration, resulting in rough workpiece textures, out-of-tolerance dimensional deviations, and significantly reducing the yield rate of precision workpieces.

[0004] Secondly, the existing anti-vibration structure design of vertical CNC machine tools is imperfect, relying solely on the machine tool's own base to achieve basic vibration reduction. During the machining process, the vibration generated by the high-speed rotation of the spindle and the cutting of the tool will be directly transmitted to the workpiece and the entire machine tool. Long-term high-frequency vibration not only aggravates the machining error of the workpiece, but also causes wear and loosening of the machine tool guide rails, spindle, and transmission components, shortening the service life of the equipment. At the same time, the debris generated during machining is easy to accumulate in the gaps of the worktable, aggravating the wear of components and making it difficult to clean, further affecting the operational stability of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a flexible clamping and vibration-damping multi-axis vertical CNC machine tool to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as the imperfect vibration-damping structure design of vertical CNC machine tools, which rely solely on the machine tool's own base for basic vibration reduction. During the machining process, the vibration generated by the high-speed rotation of the spindle and the cutting of the tool will be directly transmitted to the workpiece and the entire machine tool. Long-term high-frequency vibration not only aggravates the machining error of the workpiece, but also causes wear and loosening of the machine tool guide rails, spindle, and transmission components, shortening the service life of the equipment.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a flexible clamping and vibration-damping multi-axis vertical CNC machine tool, comprising a machine tool gantry frame, a machine tool base protective box for intercepting debris installed at the bottom of the machine tool gantry frame, a flexible vibration-damping clamping fixture fixedly installed above the machine tool base protective box, a multi-axis power spindle box drivenly installed at the top of the machine tool gantry frame, and a lifting and pressing assembly fixedly installed in the middle of the machine tool gantry frame, wherein the flexible vibration-damping clamping fixture and the lifting and pressing assembly are arranged on the same central axis;

[0007] The lifting and clamping assembly includes a lifting drive housing, which is fixedly connected to the machine tool gantry frame. Guide columns are driven and installed on both sides of the lifting drive housing's transmission connection. A lifting pressure plate is vertically slidably mounted on the surface of each guide column. A machining spindle head is driven and installed at the bottom of the lifting drive housing, and the machining spindle head is assembled at the bottom of a multi-axis power spindle box. After the workpiece is flexibly clamped, the lifting drive housing starts, driving the lifting pressure plate to descend vertically along the guide columns until the lifting pressure plate lightly presses against the top of the workpiece, forming a bidirectional positioning structure with the bottom flexible clamping fixture. The guide columns ensure vertical and unbiased lifting stroke, preventing workpiece tilting or shifting during clamping, improving workpiece clamping stability, and counteracting vertical vibrations generated during subsequent cutting. Together with the flexible clamping fixture, it forms an all-around vibration-damping clamping system.

[0008] Two sets of guide columns are vertically symmetrically arranged, and the two ends of the lifting pressure plate are slidably engaged with the two sets of guide columns respectively. After the workpiece is processed, the machining spindle head stops running and returns to its initial position. The lifting drive housing drives the lifting pressure plate to move upward and reset, releasing the top clamping state of the workpiece. Subsequently, the clamping drive cylinder retracts, driving the flexible clamping claw assembly to open, releasing the lateral clamping state of the workpiece. After the worker removes the finished workpiece and cleans the debris from the worktable, the equipment resets and stands by, waiting for the next processing operation.

[0009] Furthermore, the flexible vibration-damping clamping fixture includes a fixture mounting base, which is fixed to the top of the machine tool base protective housing. A rotating fixture base is rotatably mounted on the center of the fixture mounting base. In the initial state of the equipment, the multi-axis power spindle box and the lifting and clamping assembly are in a high-position standby state, and the flexible vibration-damping clamping fixture remains open. The operator places the workpiece to be processed on the top of the fixture mounting base. Multiple sets of positioning support columns achieve precise workpiece limiting support, ensuring that the workpiece is placed horizontally and centered, avoiding workpiece displacement, and laying the foundation for subsequent precise clamping and processing. At the same time, the machine tool base protective housing provides stable support for the entire machine. The housing support base is fixed to the ground, and the worktable enclosure forms a closed processing area, preventing processing debris from splashing out.

[0010] The upper surface of the rotating tooling base is evenly distributed with positioning support columns, and a clamping drive cylinder is fixed on the side of the tooling mounting base. The actuator end of the clamping drive cylinder is connected to a flexible clamping claw assembly, and a sliding limit seat is slidably fitted to the outer side of the flexible clamping claw assembly.

[0011] The flexible clamping claw assembly includes a cylinder-driven push rod. One end of the cylinder-driven push rod is fixed to the output end of the clamping drive cylinder, and the other end is connected to a spring-mounted slide. A guide optical axis is internally provided in the spring-mounted slide, and the guide optical axis is laterally fixed to the tooling mounting base. After the workpiece is positioned, the equipment control system activates the clamping drive cylinder. The cylinder-driven push rod extends and retracts, causing the spring-mounted slide to slide smoothly along the guide optical axis, thereby driving the flexible clamping claw assembly to close. During clamping, the workpiece contacting the clamping head first contacts the outer wall of the workpiece, and the buffer and vibration-damping spring is simultaneously compressed. Utilizing the flexible buffering characteristics of the spring, it adaptively conforms to the workpiece's shape contour, eliminating the stress concentration problem of rigid clamping. The clamping claw plate, in conjunction with the sliding limit seat, achieves sliding limit, ensuring precise and controllable clamping stroke, and achieving non-damaging flexible clamping for irregularly shaped and thin-walled workpieces. Simultaneously, the rotating tooling base allows for fine-tuning of the workpiece angle according to processing requirements, meeting multi-directional and multi-process processing needs.

[0012] The inner side of the spring mounting slide is equipped with a buffer and vibration damping spring, and the end of the spring mounting slide is fixed with a clamping jaw plate. A workpiece clamping head is detachably mounted on the inner end face of the clamping jaw plate. After the workpiece is bidirectionally positioned and clamped, the multi-axis power spindle box drives the machining spindle head to rotate at high speed, performing multi-axis linkage milling, drilling, boring, and other precision machining on the workpiece according to a preset machining program. During machining, the buffer and vibration damping spring of the flexible clamping jaw assembly continuously absorbs the cutting impact force of the tool and the lateral and micro-amplitude vibrations generated by the equipment operation, significantly reducing vibration transmission and ensuring no micro-vibration during workpiece machining, thus improving machining accuracy and surface finish.

[0013] The buffer and vibration damping spring is a high-elasticity compression spring, and the buffer and vibration damping spring is in a slightly tense state under normal conditions. The workpiece clamping head is made of soft, wear-resistant and non-slip material.

[0014] Furthermore, the machine tool base protective housing includes a housing support base, a workbench baffle, a top bearing platform, and an elastic anti-vibration and chip-blocking assembly. The top bearing platform is fixed to the top of the housing support base, the workbench baffle is fixed around the outside of the top bearing platform, and the elastic anti-vibration and chip-blocking assembly is assembled on the upper surface of the top bearing platform.

[0015] Furthermore, the machine tool base protective housing includes a housing support base, a top bearing platform is fixed to the top of the housing support base, a workbench baffle is fixed around the outer side of the top bearing platform, and an elastic anti-vibration and chip-blocking component is assembled on the upper surface of the top bearing platform.

[0016] The elastic vibration damping and chip blocking assembly includes a chip blocking mounting beam, which is horizontally fixed to the top support platform. A chip blocking fixing plate is vertically fixed to the outer side of the chip blocking mounting beam, and an elastic vibration damping and chip blocking sheet is attached to the inner side wall of the chip blocking fixing plate. The chip blocking mounting beam is fixed to the top support platform of the worktable, and the chip blocking fixing plate, together with the elastic vibration damping and chip blocking sheet, forms a surrounding chip barrier, effectively intercepting machining chips and preventing them from entering the tooling gaps and machine tool transmission components. At the same time, the elastic vibration damping and chip blocking sheet has elastic buffering performance, which can help absorb the lateral vibration of the machine tool, improve the overall vibration damping effect of the machine, and can flexibly adapt to machining vibration deformation without cracking or falling off.

[0017] The elastic vibration damping and chip blocking sheet is made of elastic rubber composite material, and the surface of the elastic vibration damping and chip blocking sheet is provided with a wear-resistant and anti-slip coating.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] (i) In this flexible clamping and vibration-damping multi-axis vertical CNC machine tool, after the workpiece is positioned, the equipment control system starts the clamping drive cylinder. The cylinder drives the push rod to extend and retract, causing the spring-mounted slide to slide smoothly along the guide optical axis, thereby driving the flexible clamping jaw assembly to close. During the clamping process, the workpiece contacts the clamping head first, and the buffer and vibration-damping spring is compressed simultaneously. The flexible buffering characteristics of the spring adaptively conform to the shape contour of the workpiece, eliminating the stress concentration problem of rigid clamping.

[0020] (ii) This flexible clamping and vibration-damping multi-axis vertical CNC machine tool uses clamping jaws in conjunction with sliding limit seats to achieve sliding limit, ensuring precise and controllable clamping stroke, and achieving non-damaging flexible clamping for irregularly shaped and thin-walled workpieces. At the same time, the rotating tooling base can finely adjust the workpiece angle according to processing requirements to meet the needs of multi-directional and multi-process processing.

[0021] (III) In this flexible clamping and vibration-damping multi-axis vertical CNC machine tool, after the workpiece is flexibly clamped, the lifting drive box is activated, driving the lifting pressure plate to descend vertically along the guide column until the lifting pressure plate lightly presses the top of the workpiece, forming a bidirectional positioning structure with the bottom flexible clamping fixture. The guide column ensures that the lifting stroke is vertical and without deviation, avoiding workpiece tilting or shifting during clamping, improving workpiece clamping stability, and offsetting vertical vibrations generated by subsequent cutting processes. Together with the flexible clamping fixture, it forms an all-round vibration-damping clamping system.

[0022] (iv) In this flexible clamping and vibration-damping multi-axis vertical CNC machine tool, after the workpiece is bidirectionally positioned and clamped, the multi-axis power spindle box drives the machining spindle head to rotate at high speed, performing multi-axis linkage milling, drilling, boring and other precision machining on the workpiece according to the preset machining program. During the machining process, the buffer and vibration-damping springs of the flexible clamping claw assembly continuously absorb the cutting impact force of the tool and the lateral and micro-amplitude vibrations generated by the operation of the equipment, greatly reducing the vibration transmission, ensuring that there is no micro-vibration during the machining of the workpiece, and improving the machining accuracy and surface finish.

[0023] (V) In this flexible clamping and vibration-damping multi-axis vertical CNC machine tool, the elastic anti-vibration chip-blocking assembly continuously plays a protective and vibration-reducing role throughout the entire machining process. The chip-blocking mounting beam is fixed to the top support surface of the worktable, and the chip-blocking fixing plate, together with the elastic anti-vibration chip-blocking plate, forms a surrounding chip-blocking barrier, effectively intercepting machining chips and preventing them from entering the tooling gaps and machine tool transmission components. At the same time, the elastic anti-vibration chip-blocking plate has elastic buffering performance, which can help absorb the lateral vibration of the machine tool, improve the overall vibration damping effect of the machine, and can flexibly adapt to machining vibration deformation without cracking or falling off. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is another schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting and pressing assembly structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a disassembly diagram of the lifting and clamping assembly and the flexible anti-vibration clamping fixture structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the flexible vibration-damping clamping fixture structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a disassembly diagram of the flexible vibration-damping clamping fixture structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the flexible vibration-damping clamping fixture structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the flexible clamping claw assembly structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the protective housing structure for the machine tool base of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic vibration damping and chip blocking assembly of the present invention.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Machine tool gantry frame; 2. Multi-axis power spindle box; 3. Lifting and clamping assembly; 31. Lifting drive housing; 32. Lifting pressure plate; 33. Guide column; 34. Machining spindle head; 4. Flexible anti-vibration clamping fixture; 41. Clamping drive cylinder; 42. Rotating fixture base; 43. Positioning support column; 44. Fixture mounting base; 45. Flexible clamping jaw assembly; 451. Clamping jaw plate; 452. Workpiece attachor. 453. Clamping head; 454. Buffer and vibration damping spring; 455. Spring mounting slide; 456. Cylinder-driven push rod; 457. Guide optical axis; 48. Sliding limit seat; 59. Machine tool base protective box; 50. Box support base; 51. Workbench baffle; 52. Top bearing platform; 53. Elastic anti-vibration and chip blocking assembly; 548. Chip blocking mounting beam; 549. Chip blocking fixing upright plate; 540. Elastic anti-vibration and chip blocking plate. Detailed Implementation

[0035] Example 1, as Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a flexible clamping and vibration-damping multi-axis vertical CNC machine tool, including a machine tool gantry frame 1, a machine tool base protective box 5 for intercepting debris installed at the bottom of the machine tool gantry frame 1, a flexible vibration-damping clamping fixture 4 fixedly installed above the machine tool base protective box 5, a multi-axis power spindle box 2 drivenly installed at the top of the machine tool gantry frame 1, and a lifting and pressing assembly 3 fixedly installed in the middle of the machine tool gantry frame 1. The flexible vibration-damping clamping fixture 4 and the lifting and pressing assembly 3 are arranged on the same central axis.

[0036] The lifting and clamping assembly 3 includes a lifting drive housing 31, which is fixedly connected to the machine tool gantry frame 1. Guide columns 33 are driven and installed on both sides of the lifting drive housing 31. A lifting pressure plate 32 is vertically slidably installed on the surface of the guide columns 33. A machining spindle head 34 is driven and installed at the bottom of the lifting drive housing 31, and the machining spindle head 34 is assembled at the bottom of the multi-axis power spindle box 2. After the workpiece is flexibly clamped, the lifting drive housing 31 starts, driving the lifting pressure plate 32 to descend vertically along the guide columns 33 until the lifting pressure plate 32 lightly presses against the top of the workpiece, forming a bidirectional positioning structure with the bottom flexible clamping fixture. The guide columns 33 ensure vertical and unbiased lifting stroke, preventing workpiece tilting or shifting during clamping, improving workpiece clamping stability, and counteracting vertical vibrations generated during subsequent cutting. Together with the flexible clamping fixture, it forms an all-around anti-vibration clamping system.

[0037] Two sets of guide columns 33 are vertically symmetrically arranged, and the two ends of the lifting pressure plate 32 are respectively slidably engaged with the two sets of guide columns 33. After the workpiece is processed, the machining spindle head 34 stops running and resets to its initial position. The lifting drive housing 31 drives the lifting pressure plate 32 to move upward and reset, releasing the top clamping state of the workpiece. Subsequently, the clamping drive cylinder 41 retracts, driving the flexible clamping claw assembly 45 to open, releasing the lateral clamping state of the workpiece. After the worker removes the finished workpiece and cleans the debris from the worktable, the equipment resets and stands by, waiting for the next processing operation.

[0038] Example 2, based on Example 1, such as Figures 4 to 8 As shown, the flexible anti-vibration clamping fixture 4 includes a fixture mounting base 44, which is fixed to the top of the machine tool base protective housing 5. A rotating fixture base 42 is rotatably mounted on the middle of the fixture mounting base 44. In the initial state of the equipment, the multi-axis power spindle box 2 and the lifting and clamping assembly 3 are in a high-position standby state, and the flexible anti-vibration clamping fixture 4 remains open. The operator places the workpiece to be processed on the top of the fixture mounting base 44. The workpiece is precisely positioned and supported by multiple sets of positioning support columns 43, ensuring that the workpiece is placed horizontally and centered, avoiding workpiece displacement, and laying the foundation for subsequent precise clamping and processing. At the same time, the machine tool base protective housing 5 provides stable support for the whole machine. The housing support base 51 is fixed to the ground, and the worktable baffle 52 forms a closed processing area to prevent processing debris from splashing out.

[0039] The upper surface of the rotating tooling base 42 is evenly distributed with positioning support columns 43, the side of the tooling mounting base 44 is fixed with a clamping drive cylinder 41, the execution end of the clamping drive cylinder 41 is drivenly connected with a flexible clamping claw assembly 45, and the outer side of the flexible clamping claw assembly 45 is limited and slidably fitted with a sliding limit seat 46.

[0040] The flexible clamping claw assembly 45 includes a cylinder-driven push rod 455. One end of the cylinder-driven push rod 455 is fixed to the output end of the clamping drive cylinder 41, and the other end is connected to a spring-mounted slide 454. A guide shaft 456 is provided inside the spring-mounted slide 454, and the guide shaft 456 is laterally fixed to the tooling mounting base 44. After the workpiece is positioned, the equipment control system activates the clamping drive cylinder 41, causing the cylinder-driven push rod 455 to extend and retract, driving the spring-mounted slide 454 to slide smoothly along the guide shaft 456, thereby driving the flexible clamping claw assembly 45 to close. During clamping, the workpiece-fitting clamping head 452 contacts the outer wall of the workpiece first, and the buffer and vibration-damping spring 453 is simultaneously compressed. Utilizing the flexible buffering characteristics of the spring, it adaptively conforms to the workpiece's shape and contour, eliminating the stress concentration problem of rigid clamping. The clamping claw plate 451, in conjunction with the sliding limit seat 46, achieves sliding limit, ensuring precise and controllable clamping stroke, and achieving non-damaging flexible clamping for irregularly shaped and thin-walled workpieces. Meanwhile, the rotating tooling base 42 can finely adjust the workpiece angle according to processing requirements, meeting the needs of multi-directional and multi-process processing.

[0041] A buffer and vibration damping spring 453 is fitted inside the spring mounting slide 454, and a clamping jaw plate 451 is fixed to the end of the spring mounting slide 454. A workpiece clamping head 452 is detachably mounted on the inner end face of the clamping jaw plate 451. After the workpiece is bidirectionally positioned and clamped, the multi-axis power spindle box 2 drives the machining spindle head 34 to rotate at high speed, and performs precision machining such as multi-axis linkage milling, drilling, and boring on the workpiece according to the preset machining program. During the machining process, the buffer and vibration damping spring 453 of the flexible clamping jaw assembly 45 continuously absorbs the cutting impact force of the tool and the lateral and micro-amplitude vibrations generated by the operation of the equipment, greatly reducing the vibration transmission, ensuring that there is no micro-vibration during the workpiece machining process, and improving the machining accuracy and surface finish.

[0042] The buffer and damping spring 453 is a high-elasticity compression spring, and the buffer and damping spring 453 is in a slightly tense state under normal conditions. The workpiece clamping head 452 is made of soft, wear-resistant and non-slip material.

[0043] Example 3, based on Examples 1 and 2, such as Figures 9 to 10 As shown, the machine tool base protective box 5 includes a box support base 51, a top support platform 53 is fixed on the top of the box support base 51, a workbench baffle 52 is fixed around the outside of the top support platform 53, and an elastic anti-vibration and chip blocking assembly 54 is assembled on the upper end surface of the top support platform 53.

[0044] The elastic anti-vibration and chip-blocking assembly 54 includes a chip-blocking mounting beam 541, which is horizontally fixed to the top support platform 53. A chip-blocking fixing plate 542 is vertically fixed to the outer side of the chip-blocking mounting beam 541, and an elastic anti-vibration and chip-blocking sheet 543 is attached to the inner side wall of the chip-blocking fixing plate 542. The chip-blocking mounting beam 541 is fixed to the top support platform 53 of the worktable, and the chip-blocking fixing plate 542, together with the elastic anti-vibration and chip-blocking sheet 543, forms a surrounding chip barrier, effectively intercepting machining chips and preventing chips from entering the tooling gaps and machine tool transmission components. At the same time, the elastic anti-vibration and chip-blocking sheet 543 has elastic buffering performance, which can help absorb the lateral vibration of the machine tool, improve the overall anti-vibration effect of the machine, and can flexibly adapt to machining vibration deformation without cracking or falling off.

[0045] The elastic anti-vibration chip baffle 543 is made of elastic rubber composite material, and the surface of the elastic anti-vibration chip baffle 543 is provided with a wear-resistant and anti-slip coating.

[0046] In operation, the multi-axis power spindle box 2 and lifting and clamping assembly 3 are in a high-position standby state in the initial state of the equipment, while the flexible anti-vibration clamping fixture 4 remains open. The operator places the workpiece to be processed on top of the fixture mounting base 44. Multiple sets of positioning support columns 43 provide precise workpiece positioning and support, ensuring the workpiece is placed horizontally and centered, preventing workpiece displacement and laying the foundation for subsequent precise clamping and processing. Simultaneously, the machine tool base protective housing 5 provides stable support for the entire machine. The housing support base 51 is fixed to the ground, and the worktable enclosure 52 forms a closed processing area, preventing processing debris from splashing out.

[0047] After the workpiece is positioned, the equipment control system activates the clamping drive cylinder 41. The cylinder drives the push rod 455 to extend and retract, causing the spring-mounted slide block 454 to slide smoothly along the guide optical axis 456, thereby driving the flexible clamping claw assembly 45 to close. During clamping, the workpiece-fitting clamping head 452 first contacts the outer wall of the workpiece, and the buffer and vibration damping spring 453 is simultaneously compressed. Utilizing the flexible buffering characteristics of the spring, it adaptively conforms to the contour of the workpiece, eliminating the stress concentration problem of rigid clamping. The clamping claw plate 451, in conjunction with the sliding limit seat 46, achieves sliding limit, ensuring precise and controllable clamping stroke, and achieving non-damaging flexible clamping for irregularly shaped and thin-walled workpieces. At the same time, the rotating fixture base 42 can finely adjust the workpiece angle according to processing requirements, meeting the needs of multi-directional and multi-process processing.

[0048] After the workpiece is flexibly clamped, the lifting drive housing 31 is activated, driving the lifting pressure plate 32 to descend vertically along the guide column 33 until the lifting pressure plate 32 lightly presses against the top of the workpiece, forming a bidirectional positioning structure with the bottom flexible clamping fixture. The guide column 33 ensures that the lifting stroke is vertical and without deviation, preventing the workpiece from tilting or shifting during clamping, improving the workpiece clamping stability, and offsetting the vertical vibration generated by subsequent cutting processing. Together with the flexible clamping fixture, it forms an all-round anti-vibration clamping system.

[0049] After the workpiece is bidirectionally positioned and clamped, the multi-axis power spindle box 2 drives the machining spindle head 34 to rotate at high speed, performing precision machining such as multi-axis linkage milling, drilling, and boring on the workpiece according to the preset machining program. During the machining process, the buffer and vibration damping spring 453 of the flexible clamping jaw assembly 45 continuously absorbs the cutting impact force of the tool and the lateral and micro-amplitude vibrations generated by the operation of the equipment, greatly reducing the vibration transmission, ensuring that there is no micro-vibration during the workpiece machining process, and improving the machining accuracy and surface finish.

[0050] Throughout the machining process, the elastic anti-vibration chip-blocking assembly 54 continuously provides protection and vibration reduction. The chip-blocking mounting beam 541 is fixed to the top support surface 53 of the worktable, and the chip-blocking fixing plate 542, together with the elastic anti-vibration chip-blocking plate 543, forms a surrounding chip barrier, effectively intercepting machining chips and preventing them from entering the tooling gaps and machine tool transmission components. At the same time, the elastic anti-vibration chip-blocking plate 543 has elastic buffering performance, which can help absorb the lateral vibration of the machine tool, improve the overall machine vibration reduction effect, and can flexibly adapt to machining vibration deformation without cracking or falling off.

[0051] After the workpiece is processed, the machining spindle head 34 stops running and returns to its initial position. The lifting drive housing 31 drives the lifting pressure plate 32 to move upward and reset, releasing the top clamping state of the workpiece. Subsequently, the clamping drive cylinder 41 retracts, driving the flexible clamping claw assembly 45 to open, releasing the lateral clamping state of the workpiece. After the operator removes the finished workpiece and cleans the debris from the worktable, the equipment resets and stands by, awaiting the next processing operation.

Claims

1. A flexible clamping and vibration-damping multi-axis vertical CNC machine tool, characterized in that, The machine tool includes a gantry frame (1), a machine tool base protective box (5) for intercepting debris is installed at the bottom of the gantry frame (1), a flexible anti-vibration clamping fixture (4) is fixedly installed above the machine tool base protective box (5), a multi-axis power spindle box (2) is driven to be installed at the top of the gantry frame (1), and a lifting and pressing assembly (3) is fixedly installed in the middle of the gantry frame (1). The flexible anti-vibration clamping fixture (4) and the lifting and pressing assembly (3) are arranged on the same central axis. The lifting and pressing assembly (3) includes a lifting drive housing (31), which is fixedly connected to the machine tool gantry frame (1). Guide columns (33) are installed on both sides of the lifting drive housing (31) for transmission. Lifting pressure plates (32) are vertically slidably installed on the surface of the guide columns (33). A machining spindle head (34) is installed at the bottom of the lifting drive housing (31), and the machining spindle head (34) is assembled at the bottom of the multi-axis power spindle box (2).

2. The flexible clamping and vibration-damping multi-axis vertical CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide columns (33) are arranged in two sets vertically symmetrically, and the two ends of the lifting pressure plate (32) are respectively slidably engaged with the two sets of guide columns (33).

3. The flexible clamping and vibration-damping multi-axis vertical CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible anti-vibration clamping fixture (4) includes a fixture mounting base (44), which is fixed to the top of the machine tool base protective box (5). A rotating fixture base (42) is rotatably mounted in the middle of the fixture mounting base (44).

4. A flexible clamping and vibration-damping multi-axis vertical CNC machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper surface of the rotating tooling base (42) is evenly distributed with positioning support columns (43), and the side of the tooling mounting base (44) is fixed with a clamping drive cylinder (41). The execution end of the clamping drive cylinder (41) is connected to a flexible clamping claw assembly (45), and the outer side of the flexible clamping claw assembly (45) is limited and slidably fitted with a sliding limit seat (46).

5. A flexible clamping and vibration-damping multi-axis vertical CNC machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flexible clamping claw assembly (45) includes a cylinder drive push rod (455), one end of which is fixed to the output end of the clamping drive cylinder (41), and the other end is connected to a spring mounting slide (454). A guide optical shaft (456) is provided inside the spring mounting slide (454), and the guide optical shaft (456) is laterally fixed on the tooling mounting base (44).

6. A flexible clamping and vibration-damping multi-axis vertical CNC machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner side of the spring mounting slide (454) is equipped with a buffer damping spring (453), and the end of the spring mounting slide (454) is fixed with a clamping claw plate (451). The inner end face of the clamping claw plate (451) is detachably equipped with a workpiece fitting clamping head (452).

7. A flexible clamping and vibration-damping multi-axis vertical CNC machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The buffer damping spring (453) is a high elasticity compression spring, and the buffer damping spring (453) is in a slightly tense state under normal conditions. The workpiece clamping head (452) is made of soft, wear-resistant and non-slip material.

8. A flexible clamping and vibration-damping multi-axis vertical CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machine tool base protective box (5) includes a box support base (51), a top bearing platform (53) is fixed on the top of the box support base (51), a workbench baffle (52) is fixed around the outside of the top bearing platform (53), and an elastic anti-vibration and chip blocking assembly (54) is assembled on the upper end surface of the top bearing platform (53).

9. A flexible clamping and vibration-damping multi-axis vertical CNC machine tool according to claim 8, characterized in that: The elastic anti-vibration chip blocking assembly (54) includes a chip blocking mounting beam (541), which is horizontally fixed on the top support platform (53). A chip blocking fixing plate (542) is vertically fixed on the outer side of the chip blocking mounting beam (541), and an elastic anti-vibration chip blocking sheet (543) is attached to the inner side wall of the chip blocking fixing plate (542).

10. A flexible clamping and vibration-damping multi-axis vertical CNC machine tool according to claim 9, characterized in that: The elastic anti-vibration chip block (543) is made of elastic rubber composite material, and the surface of the elastic anti-vibration chip block (543) is provided with a wear-resistant and anti-slip coating.

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