Drilling fluid static high temperature and high pressure filtration rate testing device and method of use thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to a static high-temperature and high-pressure filtration loss testing device for drilling fluid and its usage method. The device comprises an adjusting seat, a heating jacket, an inner cylinder, and a pressure regulating component. The heating jacket is mounted on the adjusting seat, which is used to position the heating jacket at different tilt angles. The inner cylinder is located inside the heating jacket. The pressure regulating component is connected to the upper and lower ends of the inner cylinder via upper and lower valve stems, respectively. The inner cylinder includes a cylinder body and a filter assembly. An installation groove for installing the filter assembly is formed on the inner side wall of the cylinder body. A filtrate channel is formed inside the cylinder body, with one end connected to the installation groove and the other end connected to the lower valve stem. This static high-temperature and high-pressure filtration loss testing device for drilling fluid can obtain more accurate test data, better guiding the research and development of drilling fluid treatment agents and the evaluation of drilling fluid performance, especially for drilling fluid operations in deep and ultra-deep wells.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of petroleum exploration technology, and in particular to a drilling fluid static high-temperature and high-pressure filtration loss testing device and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Maintaining wellbore stability and preventing well collapse during oil drilling is a critical technical issue closely monitored by researchers and field engineers. Many factors contribute to well collapse, with shale hydration being a major cause. To prevent well collapse, it is essential to reduce the permeation of drilling fluid filtrate into the formation, prevent shale hydration, and control the high-temperature, high-pressure filtrate loss of the drilling fluid. Therefore, high-temperature, high-pressure filtrate loss has become a crucial indicator for evaluating drilling fluid performance.

[0003] Currently, there are two main types of instruments for measuring the high-temperature, high-pressure filtration loss of drilling fluids: the GGS42 and GGS71 models. Both instruments are vertically placed with the filter medium at the bottom, and the high-temperature, high-pressure filtration loss of the drilling fluid is measured under predetermined temperature and pressure. This method of measuring high-temperature, high-pressure filtration loss has two limitations: First, directional wells are the most common in field operations. Under certain well inclination conditions, the forces exerted by the drilling fluid on the upper and lower well walls differ. Under different pressures, the volume of drilling fluid filtrate that permeates into the formation varies, leading to different degrees of well collapse due to shale hydration. Second, high-temperature, high-pressure filtration loss is a crucial indicator for evaluating the performance of drilling fluids in deep and ultra-deep wells. Due to the high bottom-hole temperature and formation pressure in deep and ultra-deep wells, high-density drilling fluid systems must be used during construction. Under high temperatures, solid particles such as cuttings and weighting agents in high-density drilling fluid systems are prone to sedimentation under gravity. If existing instruments are used to measure high-temperature and high-pressure filtration loss, at high temperatures, solid particles such as rock cuttings and weighting agents settle on the filter medium, which has a certain blocking effect on the filter medium, resulting in an artificially thick mud cake. Furthermore, the measured value of high-temperature and high-pressure filtration loss deviates greatly from the actual value, which cannot effectively guide on-site drilling fluid construction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a static high-temperature and high-pressure filtration loss testing device for drilling fluid and its usage method, which is used to accurately evaluate the quality of drilling fluid or treatment agent and its sealing ability on the well wall, so as to better guide the research and development of drilling fluid treatment agents and evaluate the performance of drilling fluid, especially for drilling fluid construction in deep and ultra-deep wells.

[0005] On one hand, the present invention provides a drilling fluid static high temperature and high pressure filtration loss testing device, including an adjusting seat, a heating sleeve, an inner cylinder, and a pressure regulating component. The heating sleeve is disposed on the adjusting seat, and the adjusting seat is used to set the heating sleeve at different tilt angles. The inner cylinder is located inside the heating sleeve. The pressure regulating component is connected to the upper and lower ends of the inner cylinder through an upper valve rod and a lower valve rod, respectively. The inner cylinder includes a cylinder body and a filter component. The inner side wall of the cylinder body has an installation groove for installing the filter component. The inner wall of the cylinder body has a filtrate channel. One end of the filtrate channel is connected to the installation groove, and the other end of the filtrate channel is connected to the lower valve rod.

[0006] In one embodiment, the filter assembly includes a fixed mesh frame and a filter medium filled inside the fixed mesh frame, wherein a first sealing ring is provided between the fixed mesh frame and the inner wall of the mounting groove, and the filter medium is filter paper, ceramic disc, or artificial rock filter sheet.

[0007] In one embodiment, the fixed grid frame does not protrude from the mounting groove.

[0008] In one embodiment, the pressure regulating assembly includes a gas cylinder, a high-pressure pipeline, and a low-pressure pipeline. The end of the high-pressure pipeline away from the gas cylinder is connected to the upper valve stem, and the end of the low-pressure pipeline away from the gas cylinder is connected to the lower valve stem.

[0009] In one embodiment, a condenser is also connected below the lower valve stem, and a measuring cylinder is provided below the outlet of the condenser. The measuring cylinder is placed on the adjusting seat, and the low-pressure pipeline is connected to the condenser.

[0010] In one embodiment, the cylinder includes a detachably connected upper cylinder and a lower cylinder, with a second sealing ring provided between the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder.

[0011] In one embodiment, the surface of the heating jacket is provided with a temperature regulator.

[0012] In one embodiment, the adjusting seat includes a base, a support frame, and a telescopic rod. The support frame and the telescopic rod are both disposed on the top surface of the base. The outer wall of the heating sleeve is placed on the support frame, and the telescopic rod is connected to the bottom of the heating sleeve.

[0013] On the other hand, a method for using a drilling fluid static high-temperature and high-pressure filtration loss testing device is provided, including the following steps:

[0014] S1. Adjust the tilt angle of the heating jacket and inner cylinder according to the preset angle, connect the high pressure line to the upper valve stem, and connect the low pressure line to the condenser.

[0015] S2. Open the upper valve stem and inject the first set pressure into the inner cylinder through the high-pressure pipeline;

[0016] S3. Heat the inner cylinder to the predetermined temperature using the heating jacket and maintain the temperature for 10 minutes.

[0017] S4. Open the lower valve stem, inject the second set pressure into the inner cylinder through the low-pressure line, and inject the third set pressure into the inner cylinder through the high-pressure line, maintain a constant pressure difference and start timing;

[0018] S5. Periodically open the condenser and collect the outflowing filtrate with a graduated cylinder for 30 minutes, and record the volume of the filtrate.

[0019] In one embodiment, the method of using the drilling fluid static high-temperature and high-pressure filtration loss testing device further includes the following steps:

[0020] S6. Close the lower valve stem, upper valve stem and gas cylinder in sequence to release the pressure in the low-pressure line and high-pressure line, and allow the heating jacket and inner cylinder to cool to room temperature.

[0021] S7. Remove the inner cylinder from the heating jacket, slowly open the upper valve rod to release the pressure in the inner cylinder, open the inner cylinder and remove the filter assembly, and record the mass and thickness of the mud cake on the filter assembly.

[0022] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are that the filter assembly is installed in the mounting groove on the inner wall of the cylinder rather than at the bottom of the cylinder, thus solving the problem of solid particles in the drilling fluid settling on the filter assembly under gravity, leading to insufficient mud cake thickness and clogging of the filter assembly; by setting an adjustment seat, the degree of drilling fluid filtrate penetration into the formation under different well inclination conditions can be simulated; by setting a heating jacket and pressure regulating components, the filtrate loss of drilling fluid under high temperature and high pressure conditions can be simulated. Therefore, the drilling fluid static high temperature and high pressure filtrate loss testing device of this invention can obtain more accurate test data, better guide the research and development of drilling fluid treatment agents and evaluate the performance of drilling fluids, especially for drilling fluid construction in deep and ultra-deep wells, which has important guiding significance. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drilling fluid static high temperature and high pressure filtration loss testing device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a structural cross-sectional view of the inner cylinder in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the usage method of the drilling fluid static high-temperature and high-pressure filtration loss testing device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure label:

[0029] 1. Adjusting seat; 11. Base; 12. Support frame; 13. Telescopic rod; 2. Heating jacket; 3. Inner cylinder; 31. Cylinder body; 311. Upper cylinder; 312. Lower cylinder; 313. Second sealing ring; 32. Filter assembly; 321. Fixing mesh frame; 322. Filter medium; 4. Pressure regulating assembly; 41. Upper valve stem; 42. Lower valve stem; 43. Gas cylinder; 44. High-pressure pipeline; 45. Low-pressure pipeline; 5. Condenser; 6. Measuring cylinder; 7. Thermostat; 100. Filtrate channel. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the drilling fluid static high-temperature and high-pressure filtration loss testing device of the present invention includes an adjusting seat 1, a heating sleeve 2, an inner cylinder 3, and a pressure regulating component 4. The heating sleeve 2 is disposed on the adjusting seat 1, and the adjusting seat 1 is used to set the heating sleeve 2 at different tilt angles. The inner cylinder 3 is located inside the heating sleeve 2. The pressure regulating component 4 is connected to the upper and lower ends of the inner cylinder 3 through an upper valve stem 41 and a lower valve stem 42, respectively. Figure 2 As shown, the inner cylinder 3 includes a cylinder body 31 and a filter assembly 32. The inner wall of the cylinder body 31 has a mounting groove (not shown in the figure) for installing the filter element. Figure 3 As shown, a filtrate channel 100 is provided inside the cylinder wall of the cylinder body 31. One end of the filtrate channel 100 is connected to the mounting groove, and the other end of the filtrate channel 100 is connected to the lower valve stem 42.

[0033] The filter assembly 32 is installed in the mounting groove on the inner wall of the cylinder 31 instead of being located at the bottom of the cylinder 31. This solves the problem of solid particles in the drilling fluid settling on the filter assembly 32 under gravity, leading to insufficient mud cake thickness and clogging of the filter assembly 32. By setting the adjusting seat 1, the degree of drilling fluid filtrate penetration into the formation under different well inclination conditions can be simulated. By setting the heating jacket 2 and the pressure regulating assembly 4, the filtrate loss of the drilling fluid under high temperature and high pressure conditions can be simulated. Therefore, the drilling fluid static high temperature and high pressure filtrate loss testing device of the present invention can obtain more accurate test data, better guide the research and development of drilling fluid treatment agents and evaluate the performance of drilling fluids, especially for drilling fluid construction in deep and ultra-deep wells, which has important guiding significance.

[0034] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the filter assembly 32 includes a fixed mesh frame 321 and a filter medium 322 filled inside the fixed mesh frame 321. A first sealing ring (not shown) is provided between the fixed mesh frame 321 and the inner wall of the mounting groove. Since the filter medium 322 needs to withstand a large pressure, without the constraint of the fixed mesh frame 321, its shape cannot be guaranteed to be stable. The fixed mesh frame 321 enables the filter medium 322 to maintain a specific shape and gives the filter assembly 32 a certain structural strength, facilitating installation and disassembly. The first sealing ring has a certain elasticity, which allows the filter assembly 32 to be more firmly fixed in the mounting groove through elastic deformation, and can prevent drilling fluid from seeping into the filtrate channel 100 from the gap between the filter assembly 32 and the mounting groove, thus improving the accuracy of the test results.

[0035] Furthermore, the fixed grid frame 321 does not protrude from the mounting groove, thus preventing solid particles in the drilling fluid from settling on the top of the fixed grid frame 321 under gravity.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the pressure regulating assembly 4 includes a gas cylinder 43, a high-pressure pipeline 44, and a low-pressure pipeline 45. The end of the high-pressure pipeline 44 furthest from the gas cylinder 43 is connected to the upper valve stem 41, and the end of the low-pressure pipeline 45 furthest from the gas cylinder 43 is connected to the lower valve stem 42. The high-pressure pipeline 44 injects higher pressure into the inner cylinder 3 through the upper valve stem 41, and the low-pressure pipeline 45 injects lower pressure into the inner cylinder 3 through the lower valve stem 42. By adjusting these two pressures, a relatively accurate pressure difference can be created in the inner cylinder 3, which can better simulate the actual high-pressure state of the drilling fluid and facilitate pressure adjustment. Both the upper valve stem 41 and the lower valve stem 42 are threadedly connected to the cylinder 31, and can be turned on and off by rotating them at a certain angle.

[0037] Furthermore, a condenser 5 is connected below the lower valve stem 42, and a measuring cylinder 6 is located below the outlet of the condenser 5. The measuring cylinder 6 is placed on the adjusting seat 1, and the low-pressure pipeline 45 is connected to the condenser 5. Due to the influence of high temperature, some drilling fluid filtrate may exist in gaseous form in the filtrate channel 100. If the fluid is drained directly using the lower valve stem 42, it may cause filtrate loss. Therefore, the condenser 5 is connected below the lower valve stem 42 to liquefy the partially vaporized filtrate for collection.

[0038] like Figure 2As shown, the cylinder 31 in this embodiment includes a detachably connected upper cylinder 311 and lower cylinder 312, with a second sealing ring 313 between the upper cylinder 311 and lower cylinder 312. Since the filter assembly 32 needs to be placed in the mounting slot and removed after the test, the cylinder 31 is designed as two detachable parts. The second sealing ring 313 between the upper cylinder 311 and lower cylinder 312 in this embodiment ensures good sealing of the cylinder 31. The upper cylinder 311 and lower cylinder 312 are connected by snap-fit ​​connections, enabling quick assembly and disassembly; the relevant snap-fit ​​structure is not shown in the figure.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, a temperature controller 7 is provided on the surface of the heating jacket 2. By operating the temperature controller 7, the temperature of the heating jacket 2 can be accurately controlled so that the temperature of the inner cylinder 3 meets the test requirements.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the adjusting seat 1 includes a base 11, a support frame 12, and a telescopic rod 13. Both the support frame 12 and the telescopic rod 13 are mounted on the top surface of the base 11. The outer wall of the heating sleeve 2 rests on the support frame 12, and the telescopic rod 13 is connected to the bottom of the heating sleeve 2. The support frame 12 can make good contact with the surface of the heating sleeve 2, providing relatively stable support. By adjusting the length of the telescopic rod 13, the bottom of the heating sleeve 2 can be positioned at different heights, thereby changing the angle of the heating sleeve 2 and simulating different well inclination angles.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] like Figure 4 As shown, embodiments of the present invention also provide a method for using a drilling fluid static high-temperature and high-pressure filtration loss testing device, comprising the following steps:

[0043] S1. Adjust the tilt angle of the heating jacket 2 and the inner cylinder 3 according to the preset angle, connect the high pressure line 44 to the upper valve stem 41, and connect the low pressure line 45 to the condenser 5.

[0044] S2. Open the upper valve stem 41 and inject the first set pressure of 0.7MPa into the inner cylinder 3 through the high pressure pipeline 44;

[0045] S3. Use heating jacket 2 to heat inner cylinder 3 to the predetermined temperature and maintain the temperature for 10 minutes;

[0046] S4. Open the lower valve stem 42, inject the second set pressure of 0.7MPa into the inner cylinder 3 through the low pressure line 45, and inject the third set pressure of 4.2MPa into the inner cylinder 3 through the high pressure line 44, maintain the pressure difference of 3.5MPa and start timing.

[0047] S5. Open the condenser 5 every 3 minutes and collect the outflowing filtrate with a graduated cylinder 6 for 30 minutes. Record the volume of the filtrate.

[0048] Under high temperature and pressure, the drilling fluid in the inner cylinder 3 flows into the filtrate channel 100 after being filtered by the filter assembly 32. Because the drilling fluid permeation process is relatively slow, it needs to be collected in stages over a longer period. The condenser 5 is not limited to opening once every 3 minutes; opening it once every 3 to 5 minutes is sufficient. The filtrate entering the filtrate channel 100 then passes through the lower valve stem 42 and flows into the condenser 5. Opening the condenser 5 allows the filtrate to flow into the measuring cylinder 6. By dividing the volume of the filtrate by the effective filtration area of ​​the filter assembly 32, the drilling fluid loss per unit filtration area can be obtained.

[0049] Before step S1, the filter assembly 32 needs to be installed into the mounting slot, and the upper valve stem 41 and lower valve stem 42 need to be connected to both ends of the cylinder 31. The top of the upper cylinder 311 can be opened to allow drilling fluid to be injected into the interior of the cylinder 31.

[0050] Furthermore, the method of using the drilling fluid static high-temperature and high-pressure filtration loss testing device in this embodiment also includes the following steps:

[0051] S6. Close the lower valve stem 42, the upper valve stem 41 and the gas cylinder 43 in sequence to release the pressure in the low-pressure pipeline 45 and the high-pressure pipeline 44, and let the heating jacket 2 and the inner cylinder 3 cool to room temperature.

[0052] S7. Remove the inner cylinder 3 from the heating jacket 2, slowly open the upper valve rod 41 to release the pressure in the inner cylinder 3, open the inner cylinder 3 and remove the filter assembly 32, and record the mass and thickness of the mud cake on the filter assembly 32.

[0053] By checking and recording the mass and thickness of the mud cake on the filter assembly 32, it is possible to compare it with the mass and thickness of the mud cake obtained by the existing GGS42 high-temperature and high-pressure filtration loss tester or GGS71 high-temperature and high-pressure filtration loss tester, thereby verifying whether the mass and thickness of the mud cake obtained in this embodiment are smaller, and verifying the usage method of the drilling fluid static high-temperature and high-pressure filtration loss test device in this embodiment.

[0054] The high-temperature resistant and anti-collapse water-based drilling fluid used in the field construction of ultra-deep wells in Block 1 of the central Junggar Basin was tested using the same type of filter paper and a GGS71 high-temperature and high-pressure filtration loss tester. The results were compared with the static high-temperature and high-pressure filtration loss test device of the present invention. The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0055] Table 1. Results of high-temperature and high-pressure filtration loss measured by two experimental instruments.

[0056]

[0057] As can be seen from the experimental data in Table 1, the high-temperature and high-pressure filtration loss of drilling fluid measured by the GGS71 model was 12.6 mL, with a mud cake thickness of 3.0 mm, due to the sedimentation of the weighting agent. However, the high-temperature and high-pressure filtration loss measured by the static high-temperature and high-pressure filtration loss test device of the present invention was 18.0 mL, with a mud cake thickness of only 1.5 mm, which better reflects the actual situation downhole.

[0058] Although the invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications can be made and components can be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict. The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A drilling fluid static high-temperature and high-pressure filtration loss testing device, characterized in that, The device includes an adjusting seat, a heating jacket, an inner cylinder, and a pressure regulating assembly. The heating jacket is mounted on the adjusting seat, which is used to position the heating jacket at different tilt angles. The inner cylinder is located inside the heating jacket. The pressure regulating assembly is connected to the upper and lower ends of the inner cylinder via an upper valve stem and a lower valve stem, respectively. The inner cylinder includes a cylinder body and a filter assembly. The inner side wall of the cylinder body has an installation groove for installing the filter assembly. The inner wall of the cylinder body has a filtrate channel. One end of the filtrate channel communicates with the installation groove, and the other end of the filtrate channel is connected to the lower valve stem.

2. The drilling fluid static high temperature high pressure fluid loss tester of claim 1, wherein, The filter assembly includes a fixed mesh frame and a filter medium filled inside the fixed mesh frame, and a first sealing ring is provided between the fixed mesh frame and the inner wall of the mounting groove.

3. The drilling fluid static high temperature high pressure fluid loss tester of claim 2, wherein, The fixed grid frame does not protrude from the mounting groove.

4. The drilling fluid static high temperature high pressure fluid loss tester of claim 1, wherein, The pressure regulating assembly includes a gas cylinder, a high-pressure pipeline, and a low-pressure pipeline. The end of the high-pressure pipeline away from the gas cylinder is connected to the upper valve stem, and the end of the low-pressure pipeline away from the gas cylinder is connected to the lower valve stem.

5. The drilling fluid static high temperature high pressure fluid loss tester of claim 4, wherein, A condenser is also connected below the lower valve stem, and a measuring cylinder is provided below the outlet of the condenser. The measuring cylinder is placed on the adjusting seat, and the low-pressure pipeline is connected to the condenser.

6. The drilling fluid static high temperature high pressure fluid loss tester of claim 1, wherein, The cylinder body includes an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder that are detachably connected, and a second sealing ring is provided between the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder.

7. The drilling fluid static high temperature high pressure fluid loss tester of claim 1, wherein, The surface of the heating jacket is equipped with a temperature regulator.

8. The drilling fluid static high temperature high pressure fluid loss tester of claim 1, wherein, The adjusting seat includes a base, a support frame, and a telescopic rod. The support frame and the telescopic rod are both disposed on the top surface of the base. The outer wall of the heating sleeve is placed on the support frame, and the telescopic rod is connected to the bottom of the heating sleeve.

9. A method for using a drilling fluid static high-temperature and high-pressure filtration loss testing device, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Adjust the tilt angle of the heating jacket and inner cylinder according to the preset angle, connect the high pressure line to the upper valve stem, and connect the low pressure line to the condenser. S2. Open the upper valve stem and inject the first set pressure into the inner cylinder through the high-pressure pipeline; S3. Heat the inner cylinder to the predetermined temperature using the heating jacket and maintain the temperature for 10 minutes. S4. Open the lower valve stem, inject the second set pressure into the inner cylinder through the low-pressure line, and inject the third set pressure into the inner cylinder through the high-pressure line, maintain a constant pressure difference and start timing; S5. Periodically open the condenser and collect the outflowing filtrate with a graduated cylinder for 30 minutes, and record the volume of the filtrate.

10. The method of using a drilling fluid static high temperature high pressure fluid loss apparatus of claim 9, wherein, It also includes the following steps: S6. Close the lower valve stem, upper valve stem and gas cylinder in sequence to release the pressure in the low-pressure line and high-pressure line, and allow the heating jacket and inner cylinder to cool to room temperature. S7. Remove the inner cylinder from the heating jacket, slowly open the upper valve rod to release the pressure in the inner cylinder, open the inner cylinder and remove the filter assembly, and record the mass and thickness of the mud cake on the filter assembly.

Images