A beamwidth adjustable antenna

Abstract

This invention discloses a beamwidth-adjustable antenna, belonging to the field of mobile communication antennas, comprising: a reflector having a front and a back side arranged opposite to each other; at least two antenna elements disposed on the front side of the reflector, each antenna element including a first polarization feed terminal and a second polarization feed terminal; at least one amplitude-adjustable component disposed on the back side of the reflector, each amplitude-adjustable component including a first phase shifter, a second phase shifter, a first power divider, and a second power divider, the first phase shifter being electrically connected to the first power divider, the second phase shifter being electrically connected to the second power divider, the output terminal of the first power divider being electrically connected to the first polarization feed terminals of the at least two antenna elements respectively, the output terminal of the second power divider being electrically connected to the second polarization feed terminals of the at least two antenna elements respectively, the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter being able to move synchronously under external force to adjust the coupling phase of the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter on the first power divider and the second power divider respectively.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mobile communication antenna technology, and more specifically to a beamwidth-adjustable antenna. Background Technology

[0002] In the development of mobile communication networks, network coverage has gradually shifted from wide-area universal coverage to refined deep coverage and scenario-based blind spot filling. After macro base stations complete basic coverage, filling signal blind spots in complex scenarios such as residential areas, commercial streets, and tourist attractions has become an important goal of network optimization. Traditional macro base station antennas are difficult to deploy flexibly in such complex coverage scenarios due to their large size, high cost, and difficulty in site selection. In addition, different coverage scenarios have different requirements for antenna beamwidth and gain. In actual deployment, antennas with fixed beamwidth are either prone to insufficient coverage and forming blind spots, or they are prone to excessively wide beamwidth, causing signal leakage to non-target areas and causing interference to neighboring cells.

[0003] In existing technologies, beam control is typically achieved by changing the physical shape of the antenna elements, adjusting the spacing between the antenna elements and the reflector, or modifying the boundary shape of the reflector to adjust the beamwidth of an antenna. However, these methods alter the current distribution and electromagnetic boundaries of the antenna, affecting its input impedance and operating bandwidth, leading to a deterioration in the standing wave ratio and a decrease in efficiency. Moreover, the tuning effect of such methods is usually limited to a specific frequency band. When cross-frequency band operation or adaptation to broadband signals is required, it is difficult to meet the practical application requirements of multi-band, wideband antennas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to propose a beamwidth-adjustable antenna, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art where beam adjustment methods affect impedance bandwidth, have narrow tuning frequency bands, and are difficult to meet broadband multi-frequency requirements.

[0005] This invention provides a beamwidth-adjustable antenna, comprising: A reflector having a front and a back side that are positioned opposite to each other; At least two antenna elements are disposed on the front side of the reflector, and each antenna element includes a first polarization feed terminal and a second polarization feed terminal; At least one amplitude-adjustable component is disposed on the back of the reflector. Each amplitude-adjustable component includes a first phase shifter, a second phase shifter, a first power divider, and a second power divider. The first phase shifter is electrically connected to the first power divider, and the second phase shifter is electrically connected to the second power divider. The output terminal of the first power divider is electrically connected to the first polarization feed terminal of the at least two antenna elements, and the output terminal of the second power divider is electrically connected to the second polarization feed terminal of the at least two antenna elements. The first phase shifter and the second phase shifter can move synchronously under the drive of an external force to adjust the coupling phase of the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter on the first power divider and the second power divider.

[0006] Preferably, the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter are rotatably disposed on the back side of the reflector about a vertical axis. The first end of the first phase shifter and the first end of the second phase shifter can move between a first position and a second position in a plane perpendicular to the vertical axis. The first power divider and the second power divider are disposed vertically on the back side of the reflector, and the first power divider and the second power divider are located on the movement path of the first end of the first phase shifter and the first end of the second phase shifter.

[0007] Preferably, the amplitude-adjustable component further includes a mounting frame, a movable rod slidably mounted on the mounting frame, and a connecting seat disposed on the movable rod. The connecting seat is convexly connected to the ends of the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter, respectively. The movable rod can slide along the mounting frame to apply a thrust to the ends of the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter, driving the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter to rotate around an axis, thereby causing the leading ends of the first phase shifter and the leading ends of the second phase shifter to move between a first position and a second position in a plane perpendicular to the vertical axis.

[0008] Preferably, the amplitude adjustable component further includes a first support plate and a second support plate disposed above the first support plate. The first support plate has a first sliding groove, and the second support plate has a second sliding groove. The first end of the first phase shifter is slidably installed in the first sliding groove, and the first end of the second phase shifter is slidably installed in the second sliding groove. The first phase shifter is rotatably connected to the first support plate through a first rotating shaft, and the second phase shifter is rotatably connected to the second support plate through a second rotating shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the back of the reflector is provided with a plurality of positioning posts, and the first support plate and the second support plate are provided with a plurality of positioning holes along the vertical direction, and the plurality of positioning posts are inserted into the corresponding plurality of positioning holes.

[0010] Preferably, the first phase shifter has a first slide rail extending along its length at its end, and the second phase shifter has a second slide rail extending along its length at its end. The connecting seat is provided with a first sliding post and a second sliding post. The first sliding post extends into the first slide rail and slides in cooperation with the first slide rail. The second sliding post extends into the second slide rail and slides in cooperation with the second slide rail. The moving rod can drive the connecting seat to drive the first sliding post and the second sliding post to slide along the length of the first slide rail and the second slide rail respectively, so as to drive the first phase shifter to rotate around the first rotation axis and the second phase shifter to rotate around the second rotation axis.

[0011] Preferably, the amplitude-adjustable component further includes a connector, which is respectively connected to the first end of the first phase shifter and the first end of the second phase shifter.

[0012] Preferably, the number of amplitude-adjustable components is several, and the several amplitude-adjustable components are arranged in multiple groups at intervals along the length direction of the reflector. Each group of amplitude-adjustable components is distributed on both sides of the moving rod along the width direction of the reflector, and each amplitude-adjustable component is electrically connected to at least two corresponding antenna units.

[0013] Preferably, a sliding bushing is provided between the movable rod and the mounting bracket.

[0014] Preferably, limit blocks are provided at both ends of the movable rod, and the projected area of ​​the limit blocks along the axial direction of the movable rod is greater than the projected area of ​​the guide hole on the mounting bracket through which the movable rod passes along the axial direction of the movable rod.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, it has the following beneficial effects: This invention provides a beamwidth-adjustable antenna. By arranging at least two antenna elements on the front of a reflector and at least one amplitude-adjustable component on the back of the reflector, a first phase shifter and a second phase shifter are driven to move synchronously to adjust the coupling phase of the first and second phase shifters on a first power divider and a second power divider. This changes the excitation amplitude ratio of the first polarization feed terminals of the at least two antenna elements electrically connected to the first power divider and the second polarization feed terminals of the at least two antenna elements electrically connected to the second power divider. The beamwidth can be adjusted without changing the physical structure of the antenna elements. This avoids problems such as changes in current distribution, deterioration of input impedance, and compression of operating bandwidth caused by changes in the shape of the antenna elements, the distance between the antenna elements and the reflector, or the shape of the reflector boundary. Furthermore, the amplitude adjustment method is no longer limited to a single frequency band, enabling it to adapt to broadband and multi-band operating requirements. This solves the contradiction of insufficient coverage or neighboring-cell interference in complex scenarios for fixed-beamwidth antennas, improving the flexibility of antenna deployment. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of a beamwidth-adjustable antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of a beamwidth-adjustable antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the amplitude-adjustable component structure of a beamwidth-adjustable antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connector structure of a beamwidth-adjustable antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram, 1 is a reflector; 2 is an antenna unit; 3 is an amplitude-adjustable component; 301 is a first phase shifter; 3011 is a first slide rail; 302 is a second phase shifter; 3021 is a second slide rail; 303 is a first power divider; 304 is a second power divider; 305 is a mounting bracket; 306 is a moving rod; 307 is a connecting seat; 3071 is a first sliding column; 3072 is a second sliding column; 308 is a first support plate; 3081 is a first sliding groove; 309 is a second support plate; 3091 is a second sliding groove; 310 is a first rotating shaft; and 311 is a second rotating shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To better understand the structure, functional features, and advantages of the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings: like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the present invention provides a beamwidth-adjustable antenna, comprising: a reflector 1, at least two antenna elements 2, and at least one amplitude-adjustable component 3. The reflector 1 has a front and a back side arranged opposite each other. At least two antenna elements 2 are disposed on the front side of the reflector 1, each antenna element 2 including a first polarization feed terminal and a second polarization feed terminal. At least one amplitude-adjustable component 3 is disposed on the back side of the reflector 1, each amplitude-adjustable component 3 including a first phase shifter 301, a second phase shifter 302, a first power divider 303, and a second power divider 304. The first phase shifter 301 is electrically connected to the first power divider 303, and the second phase shifter 304 is electrically connected to the first power divider 304. 302 is electrically connected to the second power divider 304. The output terminal of the first power divider 303 is electrically connected to the first polarization feed terminal of at least two antenna elements 2 respectively. The output terminal of the second power divider 304 is electrically connected to the second polarization feed terminal of at least two antenna elements 2 respectively. The first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302 can move synchronously under the drive of external force to adjust the coupling phase of the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302 on the first power divider 303 and the second power divider 304.

[0020] According to the embodiments of the present invention, the antenna in this application is used to cover signals for different usage scenarios in a mobile communication network. By adjusting the coupling phase distribution of the signals fed into each antenna element 2, the beamwidth can be continuously adjusted without changing the physical structure of the antenna element 2. The first power divider 303 of the antenna is electrically connected to the first polarization feed terminal of each antenna element 2, and the second power divider 304 is electrically connected to the second polarization feed terminal of each antenna element 2. When the antenna is in a narrow beam operating state, the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302 are at their initial positions. A first coupling phase is formed between the first phase shifter 301 and the first power divider 303, and a second coupling phase is formed between the second phase shifter 302 and the second power divider 304. The first power divider 303 and the second power divider 304 can output uniform feed power to each antenna element 2 respectively, so that each antenna element 2 obtains the same excitation amplitude. In this state, each antenna element 2 together forms a larger equivalent array aperture, thereby forming a narrower radiation beam.

[0021] When it is necessary to expand the coverage area and form a wide beam, the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302 are driven to move synchronously. As the positions of the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302 change, the coupling phase between the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302 and the first power divider 303 and the second power divider 304 also changes synchronously. Since the output power distribution ratio of the first power divider 303 and the second power divider 304 is related to the coupling phase between the first phase shifter 301 and the first power divider 303, and between the second phase shifter 302 and the second power divider 304, the power ratio output at the output of the first power divider 303 changes, and the power ratio output at the output of the second power divider 304 also changes synchronously. As the combined phase changes, the power ratio output by the first power divider 303 and the second power divider 304 to each antenna element 2 gradually shifts, causing the feed power received by one of the at least two antenna elements 2 to gradually increase and the feed power received by the other antenna element 2 to gradually decrease. This results in a gradually increasing difference in excitation amplitude between the at least two antenna elements 2. As the difference in excitation amplitude continues to increase, the radiation beamwidth also gradually increases. By continuously adjusting the relative positions of the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302 with respect to the first power divider 303 and the second power divider 304, the difference in excitation amplitude between each antenna element 2 can be continuously changed, thereby achieving continuous adjustment of the radiation beamwidth from a narrow beam to a wide beam.

[0022] It should be noted that the synchronous movement of the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302 is not used to maintain the same feed power for each antenna element 2, but to ensure that the first power divider 303 and the second power divider 304 change the power distribution ratio between the output terminals according to the same adjustment law. As a result, different excitation amplitudes can still be formed between each antenna element 2 to achieve beamwidth adjustment. At the same time, it ensures that the first polarization feed terminal and the second polarization feed terminal have consistent beam adjustment characteristics. Thus, the beamwidth can be adjusted without changing the physical structure of the antenna element 2. This avoids problems such as changes in current distribution, deterioration of input impedance, and compression of operating bandwidth caused by changes in the shape of the antenna element 2, the distance between the antenna element 2 and the reflector 1, or the boundary shape of the reflector 1. At the same time, the amplitude adjustment method is no longer limited to a single frequency band and can adapt to the requirements of broadband and multi-frequency band operation. This solves the contradiction of insufficient coverage or neighboring area interference of fixed beamwidth antennas in complex scenarios and improves the flexibility of antenna deployment.

[0023] The following detailed description uses specific examples: like Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments, the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302 are rotatably disposed on the back of the reflector 1 about a vertical axis. The first end of the first phase shifter 301 and the first end of the second phase shifter 302 can move between a first position and a second position in a plane perpendicular to the vertical axis. The first power divider 303 and the second power divider 304 are disposed on the back of the reflector 1 in a vertical direction, and the first power divider 303 and the second power divider 304 are located on the movement path of the first end of the first phase shifter 301 and the first end of the second phase shifter 302.

[0024] When it is necessary to adjust the width of the antenna beam, the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302 are driven to rotate synchronously around the vertical axis. As the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302 rotate, the starting ends of the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302 change continuously in a plane perpendicular to the vertical axis. Since the first power divider 303 and the second power divider 304 are located on the path of the rotation of the starting ends of the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302, respectively, the relative positions between the starting ends of the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302 and the first power divider 303 and the second power divider 304 also change synchronously, thereby causing the coupling phase between the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302 and the first power divider 303 and the second power divider 304 to change continuously.

[0025] It should be noted that the vertical axis around which the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302 are wound is perpendicular to the back surface of the reflector 1. Figure 2 The direction indicated by arrow c is the direction of the vertical axis, which is perpendicular to the back of the reflector 1. The second phase shifter 302 and the first phase shifter 301 are arranged in a stacked relationship along this vertical axis. When the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302 are driven to move synchronously, the first phase shifter 301 located at the lower layer and the second phase shifter 302 located at the upper layer can move simultaneously between a first position and a second position in a plane perpendicular to the vertical axis. Figure 3 The directions indicated by the middle arrows a and b are the directions of movement of the first end of the first phase shifter 301 and the first end of the second phase shifter 302 between the first and second positions in the plane.

[0026] In some embodiments, the amplitude adjustable component 3 further includes a mounting frame 305, a movable rod 306 slidably mounted on the mounting frame 305, and a connecting seat 307 disposed on the movable rod 306. The connecting seat 307 is convexly connected to the end of the first phase shifter 301 and the end of the second phase shifter 302, respectively. The movable rod 306 can slide along the mounting frame 305 to apply a thrust to the end of the first phase shifter 301 and the end of the second phase shifter 302, driving the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302 to rotate around an axis, thereby causing the head end of the first phase shifter 301 and the head end of the second phase shifter 302 to move between a first position and a second position in a plane perpendicular to the vertical axis.

[0027] When adjusting the beamwidth, the linear motion of the moving rod 306 is transmitted through the connecting seat 307 to the ends of the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302 by driving the moving rod 306 to slide along the mounting bracket 305. Since the connecting seat 307 is connected to the ends of the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302 respectively, the displacement of the moving rod 306 is converted into a pushing and pulling force on the ends of the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302. When the moving rod 306 slides in one direction, the connecting seat 307 pushes the ends of the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302, so that the ends of the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302 move synchronously around their respective vertical axes. When the moving rod 306 slides in the opposite direction, the connecting seat 307 pulls the end of the first phase shifter 301 and the end of the second phase shifter 302, causing the end of the first phase shifter 301 and the end of the second phase shifter 302 to rotate synchronously in opposite directions around their respective vertical axes. The rotation of the end of the first phase shifter 301 and the end of the second phase shifter 302 causes the beginning of the first phase shifter 301 and the beginning of the second phase shifter 302 to produce corresponding position changes. The beginning of the first phase shifter 301 and the beginning of the second phase shifter 302 make arc movements in a plane perpendicular to the vertical axis. The projection of the beginning of the first phase shifter 301 and the beginning of the second phase shifter 302 along the vertical direction is manifested as movement between the first position and the second position.

[0028] In some embodiments, the amplitude-adjustable component 3 further includes a first support plate 308 and a second support plate 309 disposed above the first support plate 308. The first support plate 308 has a first sliding groove 3081, and the second support plate 309 has a second sliding groove 3091. The first end of the first phase shifter 301 is slidably mounted in the first sliding groove 3081, and the first end of the second phase shifter 302 is slidably mounted in the second sliding groove 3091. The first phase shifter 301 and the first support plate 308 are rotatably connected via a first rotating shaft 310, and the second phase shifter 302 and the second support plate 309 are rotatably connected via a second rotating shaft 311. A plurality of positioning posts are provided on the back of the reflector 1. The first support plate 308 and the second support plate 309 have a plurality of positioning holes along the vertical direction, and the plurality of positioning posts pass through the corresponding plurality of positioning holes.

[0029] When installing the adjustable amplitude component 3, the positioning holes on the first support plate 308 and the second support plate 309 are aligned vertically with the positioning posts on the back of the reflector plate 1 and stacked for installation. The first support plate 308 is located below the second support plate 309. After fixing the first support plate 308 and the second support plate 309, the first end of the first phase shifter 301 is slidably installed in the first slide groove 3081, and the first phase shifter 301 is rotatably connected to the first support plate 308 via the first rotating shaft 310. The first end of the second phase shifter 302 is slidably installed in the second slide groove 3091, and the second phase shifter 302 is rotatably connected to the second support plate 309 via the second rotating shaft 311. The first rotating shaft 310 is vertically installed on the surface of the first support plate 308, and the first support plate 308 is installed in a vertical direction perpendicular to the reflector plate 1. Therefore, the surface of the first support plate 308 and the surface of the reflector plate 1 are aligned vertically. The surfaces are in a mutually parallel positional relationship, that is, the axis of the first rotating shaft 310 is perpendicular to the reflector 1. Similarly, the axis of the second rotating shaft 311 is also perpendicular to the reflector 1. The first rotating shaft 310 and the second rotating shaft 311 are respectively rotatably mounted on the first support plate 308 and the second support plate 309, providing support for the smooth rotation of the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302 along the first slide groove 3081 and the second slide groove 3091. The first slide groove 3081 and the second slide groove 3091 provide sliding guides for the beginning ends of the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302, respectively. By setting the first rotating shaft 310 and the second rotating shaft 311 to support the rotation of the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302, that is, to support the sliding of the beginning ends of the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302 along the first slide groove 3081 and the second slide groove 3091.

[0030] Furthermore, since the ends of the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302 are connected by the connecting seat 307, the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302 maintain synchronous movement under the drive of the moving rod 306. During this process, the beginning ends of the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302 move along the range defined by the first slide groove 3081 and the second slide groove 3091, respectively, that is, they move between the first position and the second position in the plane perpendicular to the vertical axis, thereby changing the coupling phase (coupling length) of the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302 on the first power divider 303 and the second power divider 304, thereby adjusting the signal amplitude distribution ratio of the first power divider 303 and the second power divider 304 to the first polarization feed end and the second polarization feed end of each antenna element 2, and realizing continuous adjustment of the beamwidth.

[0031] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the end of the first phase shifter 301 is provided with a first slide rail 3011 extending along its length direction, and the end of the second phase shifter 302 is provided with a second slide rail 3021 extending along its length direction. The connecting seat 307 is provided with a first slide post 3071 and a second slide post 3072. The first slide post 3071 extends into the first slide rail 3011 and slides in cooperation with the first slide rail 3011. The second slide post 3072 extends into the second slide rail 3021 and slides in cooperation with the second slide rail 3021. The moving rod 306 can drive the connecting seat 307 to drive the first slide post 3071 and the second slide post 3072 to slide along the length direction of the first slide rail 3011 and the second slide rail 3021 respectively, so as to drive the first phase shifter 301 to rotate around the first rotation axis 310 and the second phase shifter 302 to rotate around the second rotation axis 311. The amplitude adjustable component 3 also includes a connector, which is connected to the beginning of the first phase shifter 301 and the beginning of the second phase shifter 302 respectively.

[0032] During beamwidth adjustment, the moving rod 306 reciprocates linearly along the mounting bracket 305, causing the connecting seat 307 to move synchronously. As the connecting seat 307 moves, the first sliding pin 3071 and the second sliding pin 3072 on the connecting seat 307 slide relative to each other along the length of the first slide rail 3011 and the second slide rail 3021, respectively. This transmits the linear motion of the moving rod 306 to the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302. The connecting seat 307 then pushes the first phase shifter 301 through the first sliding pin 3071 and the second sliding pin 3072. The ends of the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302 provide power for the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302 to rotate around the first rotation axis 310 and the second rotation axis 311 respectively, converting the linear motion of the moving rod 306 into the rotational motion of the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302. The connecting piece connects the beginning of the first phase shifter 301 and the beginning of the second phase shifter 302 to ensure that the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302 always remain synchronized during the movement, avoiding phase adjustment deviation caused by asynchronous movement.

[0033] In some embodiments, the number of amplitude-adjustable components 3 is several, and the several amplitude-adjustable components 3 are arranged in multiple groups along the length direction of the reflector 1 at intervals. Each group of amplitude-adjustable components 3 is distributed on both sides of the moving rod 306 along the width direction of the reflector 1, and each amplitude-adjustable component 3 is electrically connected to at least two corresponding antenna elements 2.

[0034] When it is necessary to enhance the intensity of antenna beamwidth adjustment, multiple amplitude-adjustable components 3 can be arranged on the back of the reflector 1. These components are divided into multiple groups, each group arranged at predetermined intervals along the length of the reflector 1 (i.e., the array arrangement direction of at least two antenna elements 2). Two amplitude-adjustable components 3 are set in each group, and each component is distributed along the width of the reflector 1, positioned on the left and right sides of the moving rod 306. The moving rod 306 extends along the length of the reflector 1 and is connected to the connecting seats 307 in the multiple amplitude-adjustable components 3. When beamwidth adjustment is required, the moving rod 306 reciprocates linearly along its axial direction (i.e., the length of the reflector 1). Since the connecting seats 307 in each group of amplitude-adjustable components 3 are fixedly connected to the moving rod 306, the moving rod... The movement of 306 will simultaneously drive all amplitude-adjustable components 3 distributed along the width direction of the reflector 1 to move synchronously, independently adjusting the rotation angle of the first phase shifter 301 and the second phase shifter 302 in each group of amplitude-adjustable components 3, thereby changing the amplitude distribution ratio of the output of the corresponding first power divider 303 and the second power divider 304 to at least two connected antenna units 2, thus realizing continuous adjustment of the antenna beamwidth as a whole. At the same time, since each group of amplitude-adjustable components 3 is arranged at intervals along the length direction of the reflector 1, there is a certain distance between adjacent groups, avoiding motion interference between adjacent amplitude-adjustable components 3. When it is necessary to adjust the antenna beamwidth for different coverage scenarios, it is only necessary to drive the moving rod 306 to move to the target position, and all amplitude-adjustable components 3 will synchronously complete the corresponding beamwidth adjustment.

[0035] In some embodiments, a sliding bushing is provided between the movable rod 306 and the mounting bracket 305. Limiting blocks are respectively provided at both ends of the movable rod 306, and the projected area of ​​the limiting blocks along the axial direction of the movable rod 306 is larger than the projected area of ​​the guide hole on the mounting bracket 305 through which the movable rod 306 passes along the axial direction of the movable rod 306.

[0036] The sliding bushing is fitted between the inner wall of the guide hole on the mounting bracket 305 and the outer wall of the moving rod 306, which can reduce the frictional resistance of the moving rod 306 during reciprocating linear motion and extend the service life of the moving rod 306. When the moving rod 306 slides in the guide hole on the mounting bracket 305, when the moving rod 306 moves to the limit position, because the projected area of ​​the limiting block along the axial direction of the moving rod 306 is larger than the projected area of ​​the guide hole along the axial direction of the moving rod 306, the limiting block cannot pass through the guide hole, thereby preventing the moving rod 306 from moving further and limiting the range of movement of the moving rod 306.

[0037] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention, or modify them into equivalent embodiments, without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technology of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A beamwidth-adjustable antenna, characterized in that, include: The reflector (1) has a front and a back side arranged opposite to each other; At least two antenna elements (2) are disposed on the front side of the reflector (1), and each antenna element (2) includes a first polarization feed terminal and a second polarization feed terminal; At least one amplitude-adjustable component (3) is disposed on the back of the reflector (1). Each amplitude-adjustable component (3) includes a first phase shifter (301), a second phase shifter (302), a first power divider (303), and a second power divider (304). The first phase shifter (301) is electrically connected to the first power divider (303), and the second phase shifter (302) is electrically connected to the second power divider (304). The output terminal of the first power divider (303) is respectively connected to... The first polarization feed terminals of the at least two antenna units (2) are electrically connected, and the output terminal of the second power divider (304) is electrically connected to the second polarization feed terminals of the at least two antenna units (2). The first phase shifter (301) and the second phase shifter (302) can move synchronously under the drive of an external force to adjust the coupling phase of the first phase shifter (301) and the second phase shifter (302) on the first power divider (303) and the second power divider (304).

2. The beamwidth-adjustable antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first phase shifter (301) and the second phase shifter (302) are rotatably disposed on the back of the reflector (1) about a vertical axis. The first end of the first phase shifter (301) and the first end of the second phase shifter (302) can move between a first position and a second position in a plane perpendicular to the vertical axis. The first power divider (303) and the second power divider (304) are disposed on the back of the reflector (1) in a vertical direction, and the first power divider (303) and the second power divider (304) are located on the movement path of the first end of the first phase shifter (301) and the first end of the second phase shifter (302).

3. The beamwidth-adjustable antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The amplitude adjustable component (3) further includes a mounting frame (305), a movable rod (306) slidably mounted on the mounting frame (305), and a connecting seat (307) disposed on the movable rod (306). The connecting seat (307) is kinetically connected to the end of the first phase shifter (301) and the end of the second phase shifter (302), respectively. The movable rod (306) can slide along the mounting frame (305) to apply a thrust to the end of the first phase shifter (301) and the end of the second phase shifter (302), driving the first phase shifter (301) and the second phase shifter (302) to rotate around the axis, so as to drive the first end of the first phase shifter (301) and the first end of the second phase shifter (302) to move between a first position and a second position in a plane perpendicular to the vertical axis.

4. The beamwidth-adjustable antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The amplitude adjustable component (3) further includes a first support plate (308) and a second support plate (309) disposed above the first support plate (308). The first support plate (308) has a first groove (3081), and the second support plate (309) has a second groove (3091). The first end of the first phase shifter (301) is slidably installed in the first groove (3081), and the first end of the second phase shifter (302) is slidably installed in the second groove (3091). The first phase shifter (301) and the first support plate (308) are rotatably connected by a first rotating shaft (310), and the second phase shifter (302) and the second support plate (309) are rotatably connected by a second rotating shaft (311).

5. The beamwidth-adjustable antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The back of the reflector (1) is provided with a plurality of positioning posts. The first support plate (308) and the second support plate (309) are provided with a plurality of positioning holes in the vertical direction, and the plurality of positioning posts are inserted into the corresponding plurality of positioning holes.

6. The beamwidth-adjustable antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first phase shifter (301) has a first slide rail (3011) extending along its length at its end, and the second phase shifter (302) has a second slide rail (3021) extending along its length at its end. The connecting seat (307) is provided with a first slide post (3071) and a second slide post (3072). The first slide post (3071) extends into the first slide rail (3011) and slides in cooperation with the first slide rail (3011). The second slide post (3072) extends into... The moving rod (306) can drive the connecting seat (307) to drive the first sliding column (3071) and the second sliding column (3072) to slide along the length direction of the first sliding column (3011) and the second sliding column (3021) respectively, so as to drive the first phase shifter (301) to rotate around the first rotating axis (310) and the second phase shifter (302) to rotate around the second rotating axis (311).

7. The beamwidth-adjustable antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The amplitude-adjustable component (3) also includes a connector that connects the first end of the first phase shifter (301) and the first end of the second phase shifter (302) to the first end of the second phase shifter (302).

8. The beamwidth-adjustable antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The number of amplitude adjustable components (3) is several. The several amplitude adjustable components (3) are arranged in multiple groups along the length direction of the reflector (1). Each group of amplitude adjustable components (3) is distributed on both sides of the moving rod (306) along the width direction of the reflector (1). Each amplitude adjustable component (3) is electrically connected to at least two corresponding antenna units (2).

9. A beamwidth-adjustable antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, A sliding bushing is provided between the movable rod (306) and the mounting bracket (305).

10. A beamwidth-adjustable antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, Limiting blocks are provided at both ends of the movable rod (306). The projected area of ​​the limiting block along the axial direction of the movable rod (306) is greater than the projected area of ​​the guide hole on the mounting bracket (305) through which the movable rod (306) passes along the axial direction of the movable rod (306).

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