Filament controller, control system and power supply regulation method for power electronic tubes

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of tube control, and discloses a filament controller for a power tube, a control system and a power supply regulation method, which comprises a first input switching module, a programmable control module, a first output switching module and a power regulation module; the first input switching module is used for receiving and converting external on-off signals and analog signals; the programmable control module is used for receiving signals and generating regulation instruction signals based on internal preset control logic; the first output switching module is used for receiving and converting the regulation instruction signals; the power regulation module is used for receiving the converted regulation instruction signals and outputting a power supply voltage to a filament power supply loop; wherein the power regulation module adjusts the conduction angle of internal power devices based on the regulation instruction signals to change the conduction duration in an alternating voltage half cycle, thereby regulating the effective value of the power supply voltage. The application can realize continuous control of the power supply voltage and reduce filament damage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electron tube control technology, and in particular to a filament controller, control system and power supply regulation method for power electron tubes. Background Technology

[0002] High-power vacuum tubes are core components of shortwave transmitters, high-frequency power sources, and other equipment. The lifespan of their filaments (cathodes) directly determines the operating cost and stability of the equipment. To ensure the reliable operation of vacuum tubes, precise control of the filament power supply is required to reduce damage caused by factors such as surge currents and sudden changes in temperature.

[0003] Existing filament control schemes have many limitations: direct or segmented start-stop control is prone to inrush current, which shortens the filament life; mechanical voltage regulation relies on motor drive, which is bulky, slow to respond, and prone to mechanical wear; open-loop slow-rise control lacks a feedback mechanism and has insufficient control accuracy; black box control has fixed parameters, poor adaptability, and is difficult to maintain and upgrade, making it difficult to meet the needs of different types of vacuum tubes and complex operating conditions.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, existing control schemes are significantly inadequate in terms of response speed, adaptability, and reliability. An optimized control scheme is urgently needed to achieve filament voltage regulation and protection. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a filament controller, control system, and power supply regulation method for power electron tubes.

[0006] Firstly, the filament controller for power electron tubes provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A filament controller for power tubes includes a first input conversion module, a programmable control module, a first output conversion module, and a power regulation module. The first input conversion module receives and converts external digital and analog signals. The programmable control module is electrically connected to the first input conversion module and receives the converted digital and analog signals, generating regulation command signals based on internally preset control logic. The first output conversion module is electrically connected to the programmable control module and receives and converts the regulation command signals into drive command signals. The input terminal of the power regulation module is electrically connected to the first output conversion module to receive the drive command signals, and its output terminal is connected to the filament power supply circuit to output a power supply voltage to the filament power supply circuit. The power regulation module adjusts the conduction angle of its internal power devices based on the regulation command signals to change the conduction duration within half a cycle of the AC voltage, thereby regulating the effective value of the power supply voltage.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, a closed-loop control architecture of "signal acquisition-logic control-power regulation" is constructed. The programmable control module performs logic operations, and the power regulation module achieves continuous control of the power supply voltage through conduction angle adjustment, replacing the traditional mechanical voltage regulation. It is smaller in size, faster in response, and has no mechanical wear. The closed-loop feedback design ensures control accuracy, suppresses surge current, and reduces damage caused by sudden changes in filament temperature.

[0008] Optionally, the controller further includes a second input conversion module, a second output conversion module, and a human-machine interface module; the second input conversion module is connected between the power regulation module and the programmable control module, and is used to feed back the operating status signal of the power regulation module to the programmable control module; the second output conversion module is electrically connected to the programmable control module, and is used to output the operating status signal of the filament; the human-machine interface module includes a display panel and a touch screen, the input terminal of the display panel is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second output conversion module, and is used to display the operating status of the filament; the touch screen is communicatively connected to the programmable control module, and is used for parameter configuration.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the second input transfer module realizes real-time feedback of the power regulation module status, ensuring the integrity of the control closed loop; the display panel intuitively displays the filament operating status, and the touch screen supports flexible parameter configuration, replacing the traditional black box control mode and improving the ease of operation and maintenance flexibility.

[0010] Optionally, the programmable control module integrates an analog signal acquisition unit and a digital signal acquisition unit. The digital signal acquisition unit is used to acquire switch signals, including fault reset signals, cooling signals, and filament start signals. The analog signal acquisition unit is used to acquire analog signals, including filament voltage signals, filament current signals, and transformer temperature signals.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solutions, we can comprehensively collect the switching and analog signals related to filament operation, providing rich data support for control logic operations and fault diagnosis, and ensuring the accuracy of control decisions and the comprehensiveness of fault protection.

[0012] Optionally, the programmable control module integrates a storage unit, which pre-stores a ramp-up curve and a ramp-down curve. The programmable control module is configured to: during the startup phase, control the conduction angle of the power adjustment module to gradually increase according to the ramp-up curve, so that the power supply voltage input to the filament power supply circuit gradually increases to the target set value at a preset rate; during the shutdown phase, control the conduction angle of the power adjustment module to gradually decrease according to the ramp-down curve, so that the power supply voltage input to the filament power supply circuit gradually decreases to zero.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the gradual rise and fall curve can achieve a smooth transition of the power supply voltage, thereby suppressing surge current, reducing the impact of thermal stress on the filament, preventing damage to vacuum degree and electrode stability, and extending the service life of the electron tube.

[0014] Optionally, the storage unit also pre-stores linear adjustment parameters and step adjustment parameters; the programmable control module is configured to execute the gradual rise curve and gradual fall curve in a linear or step manner, respectively, according to the linear adjustment parameters or step adjustment parameters.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, both linear and stepped adjustment methods are supported, which can be flexibly selected according to the electron tube model, aging degree and working scenario, thereby improving the adaptability of the device to different application requirements.

[0016] Optionally, the programmable control module also integrates an interrupt intervention logic unit; the interrupt intervention logic unit is used to lock the current conduction angle of the power regulation module in response to an external pause command during the process of gradually increasing or decreasing the supply voltage, so as to maintain a constant supply voltage; and in response to an external recovery command, to continue to complete the conduction angle regulation corresponding to the remaining curve from the currently locked conduction angle.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the interruption intervention function allows for flexible pausing and resumption during voltage regulation, adapting to the need for manual intervention under complex operating conditions and improving operational flexibility.

[0018] Optionally, the storage unit also pre-stores a fast recovery curve, and the programmable control module integrates a fast recovery logic unit; the fast recovery logic unit is used to call the fast recovery curve when the fast recovery trigger condition is met, and control the power regulation module to operate at a conduction angle increment rate higher than that of the gradual rise curve, so as to accelerate the recovery of the power supply voltage to the target set value.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solutions, for hot-state drop scenarios such as external power flashover, the rapid recovery curve can shorten the voltage recovery time, reduce the duration of work interruption, and improve the system's operating efficiency and continuity.

[0020] Secondly, the filament control system for power electron tubes provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A filament control system for power electron tubes includes: a power supply module, a host computer, a filament power supply circuit, and a filament controller as described in any of the technical solutions of the first aspect; the filament controller is connected to the power supply module, the host computer, and the filament power supply circuit respectively.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solutions, power supply, remote control and filament power supply functions are integrated to form a complete systematic solution; the host computer supports remote monitoring and command issuance, and together with the local operation function of the control device, it realizes dual local and remote control, adapts to the operation needs of different scenarios, and improves the practicality and scalability of the system.

[0022] Optionally, the filament power supply circuit includes a filament transformer, a filament rectifier, and a vacuum tube filament connected in series. The filament transformer is connected to a filament controller, which is used to adjust the power supply voltage input to the filament transformer.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the filament transformer and rectifier work together to transform and rectify the power supply voltage, adapting to the power supply requirements of the electron tube filament; the filament controller achieves continuous control of the power supply voltage by adjusting the conduction angle of the power adjustment module, replacing the traditional mechanical voltage regulation, which is smaller in size, faster in response and has no mechanical wear.

[0024] Thirdly, the filament power supply control method provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A method for regulating filament power supply, applied to a filament controller as described in any of the first aspects, comprising the following steps: S1. Receive external digital signals and analog signals through the first input conversion module, and convert the digital signals and analog signals to obtain a level signal that is compatible with the programmable control module. S2. The programmable control module receives the converted digital signal and analog signal, and generates an adjustment command signal based on the internal preset control logic. S3. Receive the adjustment command signal through the first output conversion module, and convert the adjustment command signal to obtain the drive command signal that is adapted to be executed by the power adjustment module. S4. The power adjustment module receives the converted drive command signal and adjusts the conduction angle of the internal power device based on the drive command signal to change the conduction duration within half a cycle of AC voltage, thereby regulating the effective value of the power supply voltage output to the filament power supply circuit.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, through a complete process of signal acquisition and conversion, logic operation and processing, instruction-driven output and power regulation execution, continuous, precise and closed-loop control of the power tube filament supply voltage is achieved. By dynamically adjusting the conduction angle within half a cycle of AC voltage, the effective value of the supply voltage can be smoothly controlled, surge current and voltage surge impact can be suppressed, filament damage caused by thermal stress and current impact can be reduced, and the service life of the tube can be extended. At the same time, the control response is fast, the control precision is high, there is no mechanical wear, and the overall control process is simple and reliable. It can meet the needs of high-power tubes for stable, safe and precise control of filament power supply under different operating conditions, and improve the overall reliability and adaptability of the system.

[0026] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. Smooth regulation of power supply voltage is achieved through closed-loop control and conduction angle adjustment. The slow rise and slow fall function suppresses surge current. Combined with the fault protection mechanism, the service life of the electron tube can be extended. 2. Flexible operation and wide adaptability, supporting multiple functions such as linear / step adjustment, pause / resume, and fast recovery. Parameters can be flexibly configured via touch screen to adapt to different models of vacuum tubes and complex working conditions. 3. High integration and convenient maintenance, with dual support for local display and remote monitoring, replacing traditional mechanical voltage regulation and open-loop control, smaller size, faster response, reduced operating costs and maintenance difficulty, and ensuring continuous and stable operation of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a system structure diagram of the filament control system provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the filament controller provided in this application embodiment regarding the programmable control module; Figure 3 This is a filament voltage control curve in linear adjustment mode provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 A filament voltage control curve in the stepped adjustment mode provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a functional schematic diagram of the filament controller provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the steps of the filament power supply regulation method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 10. Filament controller; 11. First input conversion module; 12. Programmable control module; 122. Analog signal acquisition unit; 121. Digital signal acquisition unit; 123. Storage unit; 124. Voltage regulation logic unit; 125. Fast recovery logic unit; 126. Fault protection logic unit; 127. Interrupt intervention logic unit; 13. First output conversion module; 14. Power regulation module; 15. Second input conversion module; 16. Second output conversion module; 17. Display panel; 18. Touch screen; 20. Filament power supply circuit; 21. Filament transformer; 22. Filament rectifier; 23. Electron tube filament; 30. Power supply module; 40. Host computer; 50. Signal input module. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-6 This application will be described in further detail.

[0030] This application discloses a filament control system for power tubes. This system optimizes traditional power tube filament power supply control methods, addressing issues such as coarse voltage regulation, inconvenient operation, imperfect protection mechanisms, and poor adaptability. (Refer to...) Figure 1 The filament control system mainly includes a power supply module 30, a filament controller 10, a filament power supply circuit 20, a host computer 40, and a signal input module 50. The filament controller 10 serves as the system control unit and communicates and is electrically connected to the power supply module 30, the host computer 40, the signal input module 50, and the filament power supply circuit 20. The power supply module 30 provides a stable power supply for the entire filament control system and each functional unit, ensuring the continuous and reliable operation of the system. The modules work together to form a closed-loop control system.

[0031] It is understood that the filament control system of this application integrates functions such as stable power supply, remote intelligent monitoring, convenient local operation, and filament power supply to form a complete system covering power supply, control, monitoring, and protection. Among them, the host computer 40 serves as a remote management terminal, supporting real-time remote monitoring of system operation status, parameter data backtracking, remote issuance of control commands, and fault alarm reception. Combined with the local operation function built into the filament controller 10, it realizes a dual control mode of local on-site operation and remote centralized management. This not only meets the needs of on-site debugging and emergency handling for nearby operation, but also adapts to the needs of remote centralized operation and maintenance and batch management scenarios, thereby improving the system's scenario adaptability, practicality, and future functional expansion space.

[0032] In one embodiment, the filament power supply circuit 20 serves as the filament power supply execution terminal, including a filament transformer 21, a filament rectifier 22, and an electron tube filament 23 connected in series. The input terminal of the filament transformer 21 is connected to the output terminal of the filament controller 10, and its input voltage is directly regulated by the filament controller 10, thereby realizing the control of the back-end filament power supply parameters.

[0033] Understandably, the filament transformer 21 is responsible for converting the voltage up and down to match the rated power supply voltage required by the electron tube filament 23, while the filament rectifier 22 rectifies the AC voltage into a DC voltage suitable for the operation of the electron tube filament 23. The two work together to complete the voltage conversion and rectification, which can match the power supply parameter requirements of electron tube filaments 23 of different power models. The filament controller 10 dynamically adjusts the amplitude of the power supply voltage output to the filament transformer 21 by internally regulating the conduction angle of the power adjustment module 14, so as to realize the continuous and smooth adjustment of the power supply voltage, replacing the manual voltage adjustment method of the traditional mechanical voltage adjustment device. It does not require mechanical transmission parts, the overall equipment is smaller and easier to install, the voltage response speed is faster, and there is no mechanical wear and the probability of failure is lower. At the same time, it can improve the problems of voltage change and excessive surge current caused by traditional voltage adjustment methods, further ensuring the stable operation of electron tube filament 23.

[0034] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the filament controller 10 includes a first input conversion module 11, a programmable control module 12, a first output conversion module 13, and a power regulation module 14. The first input conversion module 11 is connected to the external signal input module 50 and is used to receive and convert external switch signals and analog signals. Its function is to achieve electrical isolation, level matching, and signal shaping, and to convert external signals of different levels and different driving capabilities into standard level signals that can be directly recognized by the programmable control module 12. The switch signals include fault reset signals, cooling normal signals, and filament start signals, and the analog signals include filament voltage signals, filament current signals, and transformer temperature signals. The programmable control module 12 is electrically connected to the first input conversion module 11 and is used to receive the converted switch signal and analog signal, and generate adjustment command signal based on the internal preset control logic. The first output converter module 13 is electrically connected to the programmable control module 12 and is used to receive conversion and adjustment command signals. Its function is to amplify, level convert and drive isolate the weak control signal output by the programmable control module 12, and output start, reset, adjustment and other drive command signals that meet the drive requirements of the power adjustment module 14 to the power adjustment module 14, so as to prevent the high-voltage circuit from interfering with the control unit. The input terminal of the power regulation module 14 is electrically connected to the first output conversion module 13 to receive the converted regulation command signal. The output terminal is used to connect to the filament power supply circuit 20 and to output the power supply voltage to the filament power supply circuit 20. The power regulation module 14 may further include semiconductor power devices such as thyristors, bidirectional thyristors, and IGBTs and corresponding drive circuits. Power regulation is achieved by turning on and off the semiconductor devices. The power regulation module 14 adjusts the conduction angle of the internal power devices based on the regulation command signal to change the conduction duration within half a cycle of the AC voltage, thereby regulating the effective value of the power supply voltage.

[0035] For example, in a 50Hz AC mains power environment, the full cycle of the AC voltage is 20 milliseconds and the half cycle is 10 milliseconds. The power regulation module 14 performs conduction angle control in units of half cycles. The smaller the conduction angle, the shorter the conduction time of the device in half cycles and the lower the effective value of the output voltage, which is suitable for the low-voltage preheating stage of the filament. As the conduction angle gradually increases, the conduction time is extended accordingly and the effective value of the output voltage increases synchronously until each half cycle is fully conducted and the output voltage reaches its maximum value. This achieves continuous and smooth adjustment of the power supply voltage from low to high.

[0036] Understandably, this application constructs a closed-loop control architecture of "signal acquisition-logic control-power regulation". The programmable control module 12 performs logic operations, and the power regulation module 14 achieves continuous controllability of the power supply voltage by adjusting the conduction angle of the internal power devices, replacing the traditional mechanical voltage regulation. It is smaller in size, faster in response, and has no mechanical wear. The closed-loop feedback design ensures control accuracy, suppresses surge current, and reduces damage caused by sudden changes in the filament's hot and cold states.

[0037] Continue to refer to Figure 1In one embodiment, the controller further includes a second input conversion module 15, a second output conversion module 16, and a human-machine interface module. The second input conversion module 15 is connected between the power regulation module 14 and the programmable control module 12, and is specifically used to collect and feedback the operating status signals of the power regulation module 14, including but not limited to normal operating status, overcurrent, overtemperature, and overload abnormal status signals of the power regulation module 14. The second input conversion module 15 also has electrical isolation, level matching, and anti-interference processing functions, and can convert the high-voltage side operating status signals output by the power regulation module 14 into standard low-voltage signals recognizable by the programmable control module 12 to ensure the accuracy and safety of the status feedback. The second output conversion module 16 is electrically connected to the programmable control module 12 and is used to receive the filament operating status signals output by the programmable control module 12. The signal is converted, amplified, and isolated before being output to the human-machine interface module to achieve stable transmission and visual display of the filament's operating status. The human-machine interface module includes a display panel 17 and a touch screen 18. The input terminal of the display panel 17 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second output conversion module 16 to display the filament's operating status information in real time, including filament zero position, filament voltage, filament current, transformer temperature, normal filament status, and fault alarms. The touch screen 18 is communicatively connected to the programmable control module 12 and can be used to view and modify pre-stored parameters (such as target voltage, step-up / step-down rate, fault protection threshold, step height and holding time, etc.), switch operating modes (such as linear adjustment / step adjustment, etc.), reset faults, start / stop control, and adjust curve parameters, etc., to realize human-machine interaction and parameter management of the power tube filament 23 control device.

[0038] Understandably, the second input adapter module 15 can provide real-time feedback on the status of the power regulation module 14, ensuring the integrity of the control closed loop; the display panel 17 intuitively displays the filament operating status, and the touch screen 18 supports flexible parameter configuration, replacing the traditional black box control mode and improving the ease of operation and maintenance flexibility.

[0039] Reference Figure 2In one embodiment, the programmable control module 12 integrates a digital signal acquisition unit 121, an analog signal acquisition unit 122, a storage unit 123, a voltage regulation logic unit 124, a fast recovery logic unit 125, a fault protection logic unit 126, and an interrupt intervention logic unit 127. The programmable control module 12 internally includes an acquisition, storage, computation, and execution control architecture. The digital signal acquisition unit 121 and the analog signal acquisition unit 122 form a signal acquisition layer, responsible for the acquisition and quantization transmission of switching and analog signals related to filament operation. The storage unit 123 forms a data storage layer. The full-module control logic provides preset curves, parameters, and strategy benchmarks; the voltage regulation logic unit 124 is the main operation and execution layer, which coordinates signal parsing, logic operation, and voltage regulation command generation. It is the main carrier for power regulation, voltage ramp-up and ramp-down, and linear / step mode execution under normal operating conditions; the interrupt intervention logic unit 127, the fast recovery logic unit 125, and the fault protection logic unit 126 are special operation and execution layers, which are respectively responsible for the determination and triggering of special operating conditions such as interruption pause / recovery, hot fast recovery, and fault monitoring and protection. The control signals of each special execution layer cooperate with the main execution layer.

[0040] Specifically, the digital acquisition unit 121 is used to acquire external switching signals. By acquiring and identifying the switching signals, it can monitor the device's start-up and shutdown, fault reset, and cooling status. The analog acquisition unit 122 is used to acquire external analog signals. By acquiring and quantizing the analog signals with high precision, it can provide data support for subsequent power regulation, status monitoring, and fault diagnosis.

[0041] Understandably, collecting the switching and analog signals related to filament operation can provide rich data support for control logic operations and fault diagnosis, ensuring the accuracy of control decisions and the comprehensiveness of fault protection.

[0042] In one embodiment, the storage unit 123 pre-stores a gradual rise curve, a gradual fall curve, a fast recovery curve, linear adjustment parameters, and step adjustment parameters, which are used to provide a preset control strategy and parameter reference for the voltage regulation logic unit 124 in the programmable control module 12; Specifically, for system startup and shutdown scenarios, the voltage regulation logic unit 124 in the programmable control module 12 can call the gradual rise curve and the gradual fall curve respectively to achieve a smooth transition of the power supply voltage. Specifically, during the startup phase, the voltage regulation logic unit 124 calls the gradual rise curve and outputs an instruction to gradually increase the conduction angle of the power regulation module 14, so that the power supply voltage input to the filament power supply circuit 20 steadily rises to the target set value at a preset gradual rate. For example, if the target power supply voltage is 100V, the gradual rise curve sets the voltage rise rate to 5V / s. After the system starts up, the power supply voltage will rise steadily from 0V to 100V at a constant rate, taking about 20 seconds in total, to prevent surge current caused by sudden voltage changes at the moment of power-on. During the power-off phase, the voltage regulation logic unit 124 calls the slow-down curve and outputs control commands to gradually reduce the conduction angle of the power regulation module 14, so that the power supply voltage drops smoothly back to zero. For example, by using a voltage drop rate of 5V / s that is symmetrical to the slow-up curve, the 100V power supply voltage is gradually reduced to 0V within 20 seconds to prevent the sudden voltage drop at the time of power-off from causing a severe impact on the filament.

[0043] Understandably, by designing the gradual rise and fall curves, it is possible to suppress the power-on surge current and power-off transient current, reduce the thermal stress fatigue of the filament caused by rapid heating and cooling, reduce fluctuations in the vacuum level inside the electron tube, and reduce electrode structure deformation or embrittlement, thereby improving the operational stability and service life of the power electron tube.

[0044] In one embodiment, to further enhance the flexibility and adaptability of the control strategy, the storage unit 123 also pre-stores linear adjustment parameters and step adjustment parameters. The voltage regulation logic unit 124 can select to execute the above-mentioned gradual rise curve and gradual fall curve in a linear or step manner according to the actual working conditions.

[0045] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, in linear regulation mode, the supply voltage changes smoothly with a constant slope: during the filament raising stage, the voltage rises linearly from its initial value to the preset target voltage V0 over time, corresponding to a gradual rise curve; after reaching the target voltage, it enters a stable operation stage where the voltage remains constant; during the filament lowering stage, the voltage then drops linearly to zero with a constant slope, corresponding to a gradual decrease curve. This mode is suitable for scenarios requiring high voltage continuity and continuous, stable temperature rise, ensuring uniform filament temperature increase and effectively preventing localized overheating.

[0046] like Figure 4As shown, in the stepped adjustment mode, the power supply voltage increases or decreases in preset steps: during the filament raising stage, the voltage first rises to the first-step voltage V1 and is held briefly, allowing the filament sufficient time to adapt to temperature changes within the critical temperature range; then it rapidly rises to the target voltage V2, entering the stable operation stage; during the filament lowering stage, it first drops to V1 and is held, then slowly drops to zero. In the stepped adjustment mode, the voltage value and duration of each step can be set according to the filament characteristics. For example, the step holding time can be gradually reduced according to a preset ratio to match the actual temperature rise characteristics of the filament from a cold state to its rated operating state, ensuring sufficient preheating while avoiding overheating damage caused by prolonged stay in the high-voltage section.

[0047] Understandably, by supporting both linear and stepped adjustment modes, the device can be flexibly adapted to factors such as tube model, aging status, and application scenario, achieving more refined power control while ensuring the safe operation of the filament, thus improving the device's versatility and adaptability to different scenarios.

[0048] In one embodiment, the programmable control module 12 also integrates an interruption intervention logic unit 127, which is used to respond to external commands to pause, maintain, and continue the control process during the automatic adjustment of the power supply voltage according to the gradual rise curve or gradual fall curve. Specifically, when the power supply voltage is in the gradual rise start-up or gradual fall shutdown process, if an external pause command is input, the interruption intervention logic unit 127 will lock the current conduction angle of the power adjustment module 14 to keep the conduction angle unchanged, thereby stabilizing the power supply voltage output to the filament power supply circuit 20 at the current value and no longer rising or falling. When an external recovery command is input, the interruption intervention logic unit 127 will unlock and control the power adjustment module 14 to continue executing the unfinished gradual rise or gradual fall curve from the currently locked conduction angle position until the target set value is reached or the value drops to zero.

[0049] Understandably, by setting up an interruption intervention function, it is possible to pause, maintain at a fixed point, and continue operation at any time during the automatic voltage regulation process. This meets the needs of complex operating conditions such as equipment debugging, filament preheating observation, intermediate state detection, temporary handling of abnormalities, and manual step-by-step intervention. It improves the problem that the regulation process must start from the beginning or be directly interrupted, and enhances the device's operational flexibility, debugging convenience, and adaptability to operating conditions.

[0050] In one embodiment, the storage unit 123 also pre-stores a fast recovery curve, and the programmable control module 12 integrates a fast recovery logic unit 125 to deal with hot recovery conditions such as short-term voltage drops and power restoration after momentary external power interruption. Specifically, when the system detects power restoration and meets the fast recovery triggering conditions, the fast recovery logic unit 125 calls the fast recovery curve and controls the power adjustment module 14 to operate at a conduction angle increment rate higher than that of the conventional gradual rise curve, so that the power supply voltage rises to the target set value at a faster slope. For example, if the conventional gradual rise rate is 5V / s, the fast recovery rate can be set to 10V / s. Within the same voltage recovery range, the recovery time is shortened by about half. Under the premise of ensuring filament safety, the stable working state is quickly rebuilt, which improves the problems of excessive temperature drop of the electron tube filament 23 and excessive time for interruption or restart of the working state caused by the slow voltage recovery process.

[0051] Understandably, for operating conditions such as external power flashover and instantaneous voltage drop where the filament is still hot, the fast recovery curve can shorten the voltage recovery time, allowing the vacuum tube to quickly return to the stable operating point, reducing equipment downtime and work interruption time, improving the efficiency loss caused by repeatedly executing the complete slow-rise process, and enhancing the system's operational continuity, operating condition stability, and resistance to instantaneous power failure.

[0052] In one embodiment, the programmable control module 12 integrates a fault protection logic unit 126 for real-time monitoring and anomaly determination of the operating parameters of the filament power supply circuit 20 and key components. Specifically, the fault protection logic unit 126 acquires the filament voltage signal, filament current signal, and transformer temperature signal uploaded by the analog quantity acquisition unit 122 in real time, and dynamically compares the above real-time operating parameters with preset overvoltage threshold, overcurrent threshold, and overtemperature threshold respectively. When any operating parameter exceeds the corresponding preset threshold range, the fault protection logic unit 126 determines that an abnormal fault has occurred in the system, and outputs a reliable shutdown control signal to the power regulation module 14 through the first output conversion module 13 to forcibly cut off the output path of the power regulation module 14 and prohibit the continued supply of power to the filament power supply circuit 20. On the other hand, the fault code and fault type signal are synchronously output to the human-machine interaction module through the second output conversion module 16 to realize the real-time display of fault information and local alarm.

[0053] Understandably, by setting up the fault protection logic unit 126, real-time protection response can be achieved for abnormal states such as overvoltage, overcurrent, and transformer overheating that occur during the filament power supply process. Power output can be cut off in time at the initial stage of a fault to avoid the risk of filament burnout, power device breakdown, and transformer overheating damage caused by the continuous expansion of the fault. This ensures the safe operation of the power tube, filament power supply circuit 20, and the entire control device, and improves the stability, safety, and reliable operation of the system.

[0054] Reference Figure 5 The filament controller 10 provided in this application integrates a complete functional system including real-time monitoring, local / remote control, lifting mode selection, fast recovery, parameter setting, and protection prompts. It can collect switch and analog signals in real time to monitor the device and filament operating status, supports both linear and stepped lifting adjustment modes, can quickly restore the power supply voltage under hot conditions, and can complete parameter configuration through human-machine interaction or host computer 40. It also has fault protection and alarm capabilities for overvoltage, overcurrent, and overtemperature, realizing safe, efficient, and precise control and full life cycle management of the power tube filament 23.

[0055] In summary, the filament controller 10 or control system of this application achieves smooth regulation of the power supply voltage through closed-loop control and conduction angle adjustment. The gradual rise and fall function suppresses surge current, and with the fault protection mechanism, it can extend the service life of the electron tube. It is flexible in operation and has wide adaptability, supporting multiple functions such as linear / step adjustment, pause / resume, and fast recovery. Parameters can be flexibly configured through the touch screen 18 to adapt to different models of electron tubes and complex working conditions. It has high integration and convenient maintenance, with dual support for local display and remote monitoring. It replaces the traditional mechanical voltage regulation and open-loop control, is smaller in size, responds faster, reduces operating costs and maintenance difficulty, and ensures continuous and stable operation of the equipment.

[0056] This application also discloses a power supply device for power tubes, including the filament control system or power tube controller in any of the above embodiments, such as an integrated filament power supply chassis or a modular power supply unit, for providing a stable, adjustable, preheatable and protected dedicated power supply for the power tube filament 23, and having independent power supply, precise voltage regulation, gradual rise control, fault protection and status feedback functions.

[0057] It is understandable that integrating the power tube controller or control system into the tube filament 23 power supply equipment can directly provide stable and safe filament power supply for tubes in high-power shortwave transmitters, high-frequency power sources and other equipment, thereby improving the integration and ease of use of the equipment.

[0058] Reference Figure 6 This application also discloses a filament power supply regulation method, applied to the filament controller of any of the above embodiments, the method including the following steps: S1. Receive external digital signals and analog signals through the first input conversion module, and convert the digital signals and analog signals to obtain a level signal that is compatible with the programmable control module. S2. Receive the converted digital and analog signals through the programmable control module, and generate adjustment command signals based on the internal preset control logic; S3. Receive the adjustment command signal through the first output conversion module, and convert the adjustment command signal to obtain the drive command signal that is adapted to be executed by the power adjustment module. S4. The power regulation module receives the converted drive command signal and adjusts the conduction angle of the internal power device based on the drive command signal to change the conduction duration within half a cycle of AC voltage, thereby regulating the effective value of the power supply voltage output to the filament power supply circuit.

[0059] Understandably, through a complete process of signal acquisition and conversion, logic operation and processing, instruction-driven output, and power regulation execution, continuous, precise, and closed-loop control of the power tube filament supply voltage can be achieved. By dynamically adjusting the conduction angle within half a cycle of the AC voltage, the effective value of the supply voltage can be smoothly controlled, surge current and voltage surge impacts can be suppressed, filament damage caused by thermal stress and current surges can be reduced, and the service life of the tube can be extended. At the same time, the control response is fast, the control precision is high, there is no mechanical wear, and the overall control process is simple and reliable. It can meet the needs of high-power tubes for stable, safe, and precise control of filament power supply under different operating conditions, and improve the overall reliability and adaptability of the system.

[0060] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A filament controller for power electron tubes, characterized in that, include: The first input converter module (11) is used to receive and convert external digital signals and analog signals; The programmable control module (12) is electrically connected to the first input conversion module (11) and is used to receive the converted switch signal and the analog signal, and generate adjustment command signal based on the internal preset control logic; The first output converter module (13) is electrically connected to the programmable control module (12) and is used to receive and convert the adjustment command signal into a drive command signal; The power adjustment module (14) has its input end electrically connected to the first output adapter module (13) for receiving the drive command signal, and its output end for connecting to the filament power supply circuit (20) and outputting power supply voltage to the filament power supply circuit (20). The power regulation module (14) adjusts the conduction angle of the internal power device based on the regulation command signal to change the conduction duration within half a cycle of AC voltage, thereby regulating the effective value of the power supply voltage.

2. The filament controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a second input conversion module (15), a second output conversion module (16), and a human-computer interaction module; The second input adapter module (15) is connected between the power regulation module (14) and the programmable control module (12) and is used to feed back the operating status signal of the power regulation module (14) to the programmable control module (12); The second output adapter module (16) is electrically connected to the programmable control module (12) and is used to output the operating status signal of the filament; The human-computer interaction module includes a display panel (17) and a touch screen (18). The input end of the display panel (17) is electrically connected to the output end of the second output adapter module (16) for displaying the operating status of the filament. The touch screen (18) is communicatively connected to the programmable control module (12) for parameter configuration.

3. The filament controller according to claim 2, characterized in that, The programmable control module (12) integrates a digital quantity acquisition unit (121) and an analog quantity acquisition unit (122). The digital quantity acquisition unit (121) is used to acquire the switching signals, which include fault reset signals, cooling signals and filament start signals. The analog quantity acquisition unit (122) is used to acquire the analog signals, which include filament voltage signals, filament current signals and transformer temperature signals.

4. The filament controller according to claim 3, characterized in that, The programmable control module (12) integrates a storage unit (123), which pre-stores a gradual rise curve and a gradual fall curve. The programmable control module (12) is configured to: during the startup phase, control the conduction angle of the power adjustment module (14) to gradually increase according to the gradual increase curve, so that the power supply voltage input to the filament power supply circuit (20) gradually increases to the target set value at a preset rate; during the shutdown phase, control the conduction angle of the power adjustment module (14) to gradually decrease according to the gradual decrease curve, so that the power supply voltage input to the filament power supply circuit (20) gradually decreases to zero.

5. The filament controller according to claim 4, characterized in that, The storage unit (123) also pre-stores linear adjustment parameters and step adjustment parameters; The programmable control module (12) is configured to execute the gradual rise curve and the gradual fall curve in a linear manner or in a step manner, respectively, according to the linear adjustment parameter or the step adjustment parameter.

6. The filament controller according to claim 4, characterized in that, The programmable control module (12) also integrates an interrupt intervention logic unit (127). The interruption intervention logic unit (127) is used to lock the current conduction angle of the power regulation module (14) in response to an external pause command during the process of the power supply voltage performing gradual rise or gradual fall regulation, so as to maintain the power supply voltage constant; and in response to an external recovery command, to continue to complete the conduction angle regulation corresponding to the remaining curve from the currently locked conduction angle.

7. The filament controller according to claim 4, characterized in that, The storage unit (123) also pre-stores a fast recovery curve, and the programmable control module (12) integrates a fast recovery logic unit (125). The fast recovery logic unit (125) is used to call the fast recovery curve when the fast recovery trigger condition is met, and control the power regulation module (14) to operate at a rate of increasing conduction angle higher than that of the gradual rise curve, so as to accelerate the recovery of the power supply voltage to the target set value.

8. A filament control system for power electron tubes, characterized in that, include: The power supply module (30), the host computer (40), the filament power supply circuit (20), and the filament controller as described in any one of claims 1-7; the filament controller (10) is connected to the power supply module (30), the host computer (40), and the filament power supply circuit (20) respectively.

9. The filament control system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The filament power supply circuit (20) includes a filament transformer (21), a filament rectifier (22) and an electron tube filament (23) connected in series. The filament transformer (21) is connected to the filament controller (10), which is used to adjust the power supply voltage input to the filament transformer (21).

10. A method for regulating filament power supply, applied to the filament controller as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1. Receive external digital signals and analog signals through the first input conversion module, and convert the digital signals and analog signals to obtain a level signal that is compatible with the programmable control module. S2. The programmable control module receives the converted digital signal and analog signal, and generates an adjustment command signal based on the internal preset control logic. S3. Receive the adjustment command signal through the first output conversion module, and convert the adjustment command signal to obtain the drive command signal that is adapted to be executed by the power adjustment module. S4. The power adjustment module receives the converted drive command signal and adjusts the conduction angle of the internal power device based on the drive command signal to change the conduction duration within half a cycle of AC voltage, thereby regulating the effective value of the power supply voltage output to the filament power supply circuit.

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