Use of cdpe for the preparation of a product for promoting growth or improving muscle performance in animals

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of feed additives, and particularly relates to application of cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine in preparation of products for promoting animal growth or improving animal muscle performance. The application obtains the key metabolite cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine related to animal muscle performance through multi-omics joint analysis screening, the key metabolite cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine is derived from an animal body, is a key intermediate in phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, and participates in CDP-Etn pathway regulation. The cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine can be applied in feed, feed additives or health products in a specific adding mode and dose, is suitable for various breeding animals such as rodents, poultry and mammals, and can significantly improve average daily feed intake, body weight growth rate, increase chest muscle weight, improve chest muscle rate and enhance grip strength.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of feed additive technology, specifically relating to the application of cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine in the preparation of products that promote animal growth or improve animal muscle performance. Background Technology

[0002] Improving animal growth efficiency, feed conversion rate, and muscle product quality are core development goals of the intensive farming industry. To achieve these goals, hormones and antibiotics have been widely used. However, hormone residues can harm consumer health, and antibiotic overuse leads to antibiotic resistance. Both are now restricted or banned in most countries. With the comprehensive implementation of antibiotic-free policies, the development of safe, efficient, and residue-free natural growth promoters and muscle performance enhancers has become an urgent need to address the industry's pain points.

[0003] Current alternative products on the market (such as probiotics, enzyme preparations, and plant extracts) mostly work indirectly by regulating the gut microbiota and improving nutrient digestion and absorption. They have limited effectiveness in directly stimulating animals' appetite and directing the distribution of nutrients to muscle tissue, making it difficult to meet the livestock industry's demand for high-efficiency products.

[0004] Cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine (CDP-Etn) is a core intermediate in the CDP-ethanolamine pathway, a key pathway for phospholipid metabolism in organisms. It participates in the biosynthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) through enzymatic reactions. PE, as an important component of the cell membrane, plays a crucial role in maintaining cell structural stability, regulating cell signal transduction, and energy metabolism. Current research mainly focuses on its physiological functions in cellular metabolic regulation, and there are no reports on its application as an exogenous nutrient regulator for improving animal growth and muscle performance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the technical problems of insufficient safety and limited targeted effects of existing growth-promoting and muscle-enhancing products for animal husbandry. It provides an application of cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine in the preparation of products that promote animal growth or improve animal muscle performance, thereby achieving efficient and safe enhancement of animal growth and muscle performance.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution claimed by this invention is as follows:

[0007] This invention provides the application of cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine in the preparation of products that promote animal growth or improve animal muscle performance. In specific embodiments of this invention, the products include at least one of feed, feed additives, and health products.

[0008] This invention utilizes multi-omics joint analysis to screen and obtain cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine, a key metabolite related to animal muscle performance. Derived from pigeons, it is a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and participates in the regulation of the CDP-Etn pathway. Cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine can be applied to feed, feed additives, or health products through specific addition methods and dosages. It is suitable for various farmed animals, including rodents, poultry, and mammals, and can significantly increase average daily feed intake, weight gain rate, pectoral muscle weight, pectoral muscle rate, and grip strength.

[0009] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the amount of cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine added per day is 0.005 mg.

[0010] This invention also provides a method for promoting animal growth or improving animal muscle performance, the method comprising: administering an effective amount of cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine to the animal; the effective amount is 0.005 mg of cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine per day; in a specific embodiment of this invention, the cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine is administered to the animal by gavage; the animals include rodents, poultry, and mammals of economic importance.

[0011] Beneficial effects:

[0012] This invention provides the application of cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine (CDP) in the preparation of feed or feed additives that promote animal growth or improve muscle performance. Through systematic multi-omics screening and animal experiments, the significant role of CDP in promoting animal feed intake, growth, and muscle development has been clearly demonstrated for the first time, providing solid theoretical support and practical basis for its development as a novel functional additive for animal husbandry. This invention clarifies the mechanism of action of CDP in promoting animal feed intake, growth, and muscle development, filling a gap in its application in the animal husbandry field. It has advantages such as safety, no residue, clear effects, and wide applicability, providing a new, green, and efficient solution for animal husbandry. CDP is a naturally occurring metabolite in animals; exogenous addition leaves no residue and poses no risk of drug resistance, completely avoiding the harm of hormones and antibiotics. It fully complies with the "antibiotic ban" policy and food safety standards, and has no adverse effects on animal liver function and bone development, ensuring the quality and safety of animal products. It solves the technical problems of insufficient safety and lack of targeted effects in existing growth promoters and muscle performance enhancers for animal husbandry.

[0013] This invention uses mice as research subjects. Cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine is administered via gavage (after serial dilution with physiological saline) to ensure precise dosage. It is suitable for various farmed animals and can significantly increase the average daily feed intake and weight gain rate of animals, increase pectoral muscle weight, increase pectoral muscle rate, and enhance grip strength. On the sixth day of the experiment, the body weight was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05), and the grip strength and pectoral muscle-related indicators were significantly improved (P < 0.001). Moreover, it has no adverse effects on the liver function and bone development of animals.

[0014] This invention provides standardized dosage (0.005 mg per day for optimal effect), usage methods, and supporting products. The addition method is simple and easy to operate, requiring no significant modifications to existing aquaculture equipment and processes, thus lowering the technical barriers to promotion and facilitating rapid implementation in large-scale aquaculture scenarios. Its multi-omics screening and precise dosage optimization technical approach provides a referable paradigm for the development of novel aquaculture additives. By regulating muscle growth-related metabolic pathways, it achieves a synergistic effect of "promoting feed intake, increasing body weight, and strengthening muscle," thereby enhancing growth rate and specifically improving muscle quality and function, significantly improving the economic benefits of aquaculture. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a mouse pectoral muscle slice in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To further illustrate the present invention, the technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] Unless otherwise specified, all components described in this invention are readily available to those skilled in the art.

[0018] Group 1 Examples: Application of cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine in the preparation of products that promote animal growth or improve animal muscle performance

[0019] This set of examples provides the application of cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine in the preparation of products that promote animal growth or improve animal muscle performance; the products include at least one of: feed, feed additives and health products.

[0020] The cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine (CDP-Etn) is derived from pigeons and obtained through transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic association analysis. It is a differentially metabolite from a common enrichment pathway and a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), participating in the regulation of the CDP-Etn pathway. CDP-Etn can be applied to feed, feed additives, or health products through specific addition methods and dosages. It is suitable for various farmed animals, including rodents, poultry, and mammals, and can significantly increase average daily feed intake, weight gain rate, pectoral muscle weight, pectoral muscle rate, and grip strength.

[0021] Preferably, the amount of cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine added per day is 0.005 mg.

[0022] Group 2 Examples: Methods for promoting animal growth or improving animal muscle performance

[0023] This set of embodiments provides a method for promoting animal growth or improving animal muscle performance, the method being: administering an effective amount of cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine to the animal; the effective amount is 0.005 mg of cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine per day; in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine is administered to the animal by gavage; the animals include: rodents, poultry, and economically important mammals.

[0024] Experimental Example

[0025] Experimental Example 1. Verification Experiment of Cytidine Diphosphate Ethanolamine on the Growth Performance of Mice

[0026] Experimental Design: Eighty healthy weaned mice with no significant difference in initial body weight (P > 0.05) were randomly divided into 5 groups (treatment group 1, treatment group 2, treatment group 3, treatment group 4, and treatment group 5), with 16 mice in each group and 4 mice per cage. 20 mg of cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine was accurately weighed and added to 40 mL of sterile physiological saline, stirred thoroughly until completely dissolved, and used as the initial concentration stock solution, designated as the high-dose group 5 (treatment group 5). Group 4 (treatment group 4) was serially diluted 1:9 with the solutions from group 5, and after thorough mixing, a dilution with a concentration 1 / 10 of group 5 was obtained (designated as dilution 10). -1 Group); repeat the above gradient dilution operation stepwise to prepare 3 groups (treatment group 3) 10 -2 Group 2 (treatment group 2) 10 -3 Concentration solution; Group 1 (treatment group 1) received only physiological saline and served as the control group. All groups were administered gavage once a day in the morning, with a consistent gavage volume of 0.10 mL / mouse, which was a standard volume appropriate for the size of the mouse.

[0027] Feed standards: All groups were fed the same basic feed. The nutritional indicators of the feed are shown in Table 1, and the hygiene indicators are shown in Table 2.

[0028] Table 1. Nutritional indicators (per kilogram of feed)

[0029]

[0030] Table 2. Hygiene Indicators (per kilogram of feed)

[0031]

[0032] Feeding and management: The experimental period lasted for 6 days. The feeding environment was controlled at a temperature of 22℃~25℃, humidity of 50%~60%, and light exposure of 12 h / d. All mice had free access to food and water. The amount of food consumed was recorded daily, and the mice were weighed on days 0, 3, and 6 of the experiment.

[0033] Data statistics: One-way ANOVA was performed using SPSS 25.0 software. Duncan's method was used for multiple comparisons. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

[0034] Results: As shown in Table 3, the initial body weight of mice in each group was consistent (P > 0.05), ensuring the fairness of the experiment. From the third day of the experiment, the body weight of each experimental group showed a trend of being higher than that of the control group, with group 4 showing the highest body weight. By the sixth day of the experiment, the body weight of all CDP-added groups was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05), indicating that CDP has a clear promoting effect on body weight gain. Simultaneously, CDP significantly increased the food intake of mice. The food intake on the third day of the experiment and the average daily food intake throughout the experiment showed a trend of first increasing and then slightly decreasing with the increase of CDP concentration. Group 4 showed the most significant effect in promoting food intake, with the average daily food intake increasing by 45.6% compared to the control group (P < 0.001). In conclusion, cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine can lay the material basis for body weight gain by stimulating appetite and increasing nutrient intake in animals, and the effect is best when cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine is added at a daily dose of 0.005 mg.

[0035] Table 3. Effects of cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine on growth performance in mice

[0036]

[0037] Experimental Example 2. Verification Test of the Effects of Cytidine Diphosphate Ethanolamine on Mouse Muscle Performance and Safety

[0038] Experimental design: Same as Experiment Example 1.

[0039] Index Measurement: Grasping Force Measurement: On the 6th day of the experiment, the combined forelimb and hindlimb gripping force of each mouse was measured using a digital small animal gripping force meter. Each mouse was measured 3 times, and the average value was taken.

[0040] Tissue sample analysis: Mice were sacrificed with carbon dioxide on day 7 of the experiment. Their pre-slaughter body weight and body length were measured. The pectoral muscles were dissected and weighed, and the pectoral muscle ratio was calculated. The liver was removed, weighed, and the liver index (liver weight / pre-slaughter body weight × 100%) was calculated.

[0041] Results: Adding CDP-Etn to the diet had a significant impact on muscle development and function in mice. The grip strength of each CDP-added group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.001), and this increase was dose-dependent. The grip strength of the five groups was 112.5% ​​higher than that of the control group, indicating that CDP-Etn effectively enhances muscle strength. Simultaneously, CDP-Etn significantly increased the absolute weight and relative proportion (pectoral muscle percentage) of the pectoral muscles. The pectoral muscle percentage of the five groups was 76.2% higher than that of the control group, indicating that it can directionally promote muscle tissue synthesis and improve carcass quality. Regarding safety, there was no significant difference in body length among the groups (P > 0.05), indicating that CDP-Etn did not affect linear bone growth; there was no significant difference in liver index among the groups (P > 0.05), indicating that within the experimental dosage range, it did not cause metabolic burden or damage to the liver, demonstrating good biocompatibility (Table 4).

[0042] Table 4. Effects of cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine on muscle performance and organ development in mice.

[0043]

[0044] Experimental Example 3. Effects of Cytidine Diphosphate Ethanolamine on the Morphology of Mouse Pectoral Muscle Tissue

[0045] Experimental design: Same as Experiment Example 1.

[0046] Sample preparation and detection methods: On day 7 of the experiment, mice were euthanized with carbon dioxide, and pectoral muscle tissue was rapidly dissected. Muscle samples from the same location were collected and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde solution. After fixation, the samples were routinely dehydrated, cleared, embedded in paraffin, and cut into continuous sections with a thickness of approximately 5 μm. The sections were histologically stained using the hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining method.

[0047] Stained pectoral muscle sections were scanned in their entirety using an NDP view2 scanning system, with selected fields of view at 10× objective magnification. Image-Pro Plus 6.0 image analysis software was used to quantitatively analyze the pectoral muscle fibers, measuring morphological parameters such as cross-sectional area, perimeter, and equivalent diameter. Multiple fields of view were randomly selected for each mouse, and the average value was taken as the measurement result for that individual.

[0048] Results analysis: As shown in Table 5 and Figure 1As shown, compared with the control group (group 1), the area, perimeter, and diameter of the pectoral muscle fibers in mice treated with cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine showed a significant increasing trend. With increasing doses of cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine, the cross-sectional area of ​​the muscle fibers increased from 429.1 μm² to 791.3 μm², the perimeter increased from 405.7 μm to 774.3 μm, and the diameter increased from 31.10 μm to 43.13 μm, with significant differences among the treatment groups (P < 0.001). Among them, the high-dose groups (groups 5) showed significantly higher muscle fiber area, perimeter, and diameter than the low-dose groups and the control group.

[0049] Table 5. Effects of cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine on muscle development in mice

[0050]

[0051] Conclusion: The above results indicate that cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine can significantly promote the hypertrophy of pectoral muscle fibers in mice, increase the cross-sectional area and diameter of muscle fibers, and confirm its role in enhancing muscle development from a histological perspective, providing experimental evidence for its application in improving muscle performance.

Claims

1. Application of cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine in the preparation of products that promote animal growth or improve animal muscle performance.

2. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The products include at least one of the following: feed, feed additives, and health products.

3. The application according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine is derived from pigeons and is a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine, participating in the regulation of the CDP-Etn pathway.

4. The application according to claim 2, characterized in that, The improvement of animal muscle performance includes enhancing the animal's grip strength, increasing pectoral muscle weight, and increasing pectoral muscle rate.

5. The application according to claim 4, characterized in that, The animals mentioned include rodents, birds, and economically important mammals.

6. The application according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that, The amount of cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine added per day is 0.005 mg.

7. The application according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that, The cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine can significantly increase the average daily feed intake and weight gain rate of animals.

8. A method for promoting animal growth or improving animal muscle performance, characterized in that, Animals were given an effective amount of cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine by gavage; the effective amount was 0.005 mg of cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine per day.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The cytidine diphosphate ethanolamine is administered to animals by adding it to animal feed, feed additives, or health products.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The animals mentioned include rodents, birds, and economically important mammals.

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