A method and system for monitoring faults of a heat supply unit of a thermal power plant

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of fault monitoring, and discloses a kind of thermal power plant heating unit fault monitoring method and system, the present application is by collecting heating unit operating data, and the preset monitoring area of heating unit equipment shell is three-dimensional space calibration and global scanning path planning, so that scanning head can be along global scanning path to carry out wide-area general survey scanning to equipment surface, so as to obtain sound wave response signal and its corresponding space coordinates, form global acoustic characteristic distribution data with spatial distribution characteristics.Compared with the traditional fixed point sensor monitoring mode, the present application can be changed from discrete point detection to regionalization, continuous scanning detection, reduce the monitoring blind area caused by limited arrangement of measuring point, improve the perception ability of the overall health status and abnormal spatial distribution of equipment, reduce the risk of missed detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fault monitoring technology, specifically relating to a fault monitoring method and system for heating units in thermal power plants. Background Technology

[0002] The heating units in a combined heat and power (CHP) plant are key equipment in the system, and their operating status directly affects the continuity of heating, power generation efficiency, and the overall safe and stable operation of the power plant. Because CHP units typically operate under high temperature, high pressure, high load, and continuous operation conditions for extended periods, their internal and external structures are susceptible to vibration, thermal stress changes, mechanical wear, and component aging. This can lead to abnormal vibration, localized damage, seal failure, and decreased heat transfer efficiency, among other potential malfunctions. Therefore, real-time, accurate, and comprehensive fault monitoring of CHP units is crucial for ensuring safe operation, reducing the risk of unplanned downtime, and improving maintenance efficiency.

[0003] Existing fault monitoring methods for heating units in thermal power plants typically rely on fixed sensor networks for data acquisition. These networks use vibration sensors, temperature sensors, and noise sensors to collect operational status signals from localized locations within the unit. Backend data processing algorithms then analyze these signals to determine if any abnormalities exist. While this method can achieve some level of status monitoring for key areas, its results depend heavily on discrete data collected from fixed measuring points, and the monitoring range is significantly limited by the sensor placement.

[0004] In actual operation, faults in heating units often exhibit characteristics such as uncertain spatial distribution, weak early signals, and rapid changes in abnormal areas. Relying solely on fixed-point sensors for detection can easily lead to monitoring blind spots, making it difficult to promptly reflect the overall health status and abnormal distribution of the equipment. When a fault occurs in an area not covered by sensors or before the initial fault signal has reached the fixed measuring point, existing monitoring methods may fail to identify it in time, resulting in missed detections, misjudgments, or inaccurate fault location. Furthermore, current technologies primarily focus on improving backend signal analysis models, while paying insufficient attention to frontend data acquisition methods, spatial scanning monitoring processes, and multi-source data fusion diagnostic procedures, making it difficult to meet the actual needs of condition-based maintenance and predictive maintenance of heating units. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problems of existing thermal power plant heating unit fault monitoring mainly relying on fixed-point sensors to collect discrete data, which makes it difficult to reflect the overall health status of the equipment and the spatial distribution of faults, and is prone to monitoring blind spots, missed detections and inaccurate fault location. This invention provides a method and system for monitoring faults in thermal power plant heating units.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for fault monitoring of heating units in a thermal power plant, comprising the following steps: Collect operating data from heating units; The preset monitoring area of ​​the heating unit equipment shell is calibrated in three dimensions, and a global scanning path covering the preset monitoring area is planned. A wide-area survey scan of the surface of the heating unit equipment is carried out along the global scanning path to collect the acoustic response signal and its corresponding spatial coordinates, thereby obtaining global acoustic feature distribution data; The runtime data and global acoustic feature distribution data are preprocessed to obtain preprocessed data; The preprocessed data is synchronized, aggregated, and filtered to obtain standardized monitoring data; Analyze standardized monitoring data to identify trend and abnormal information during the operation of heating units; Fault diagnosis is performed based on trend and anomaly information to determine the fault type and location of the heating unit. Generate a fault report and issue an alarm based on the fault type and location; The heating unit was maintained according to the fault report.

[0007] A further improvement of this invention lies in the following method for three-dimensional spatial calibration of the preset monitoring area of ​​the heating unit equipment casing, and for planning a global scanning path covering the preset monitoring area: Obtain the preset monitoring area of ​​the heating unit equipment shell and determine the boundary range of the preset monitoring area in three-dimensional space; Generate a global scan path grid that covers the entire preset monitoring area based on the boundary range.

[0008] A further improvement of the present invention is that, when performing a wide-area general survey scan of the surface of the heating unit equipment along the global scanning path, the scan moves and pauses sequentially along each path node in the global scanning path, and emits active sound waves at each path node.

[0009] A further improvement of the present invention is that the active sound wave adopts a broadband pulsed sound wave, or a sound wave emitted according to a preset frequency and preset mode, and the active sound wave is used to excite the outer casing of the heating unit equipment.

[0010] A further improvement of this invention is that, at each path node, the acoustic response signal modulated by the outer shell of the heating unit is collected synchronously, and the spatial coordinates of the scanning head corresponding to each acoustic response signal are recorded to form global acoustic feature distribution data with spatial position correspondence.

[0011] A further improvement of this invention is that, when preprocessing the running data and global acoustic feature distribution data, the acquired data is filtered, denoised, and smoothed.

[0012] A further improvement of this invention is that, when performing fault diagnosis based on trend information and anomaly information, standardized monitoring data is compared with a fault diagnosis database in multiple dimensions, and the fault diagnosis model outputs the fault type and fault location of the heating unit.

[0013] Secondly, the present invention provides a fault monitoring system for heating units in thermal power plants, comprising the following steps: The data acquisition module is used to collect operating data of the heating unit; The path calibration module is used to perform three-dimensional spatial calibration of the preset monitoring area of ​​the heating unit equipment shell and plan a global scanning path covering the preset monitoring area. The spectral scanning module is used to perform a wide-area general survey scan of the surface of the heating unit equipment along the global scanning path, collect the acoustic response signal and its corresponding spatial coordinates, and obtain global acoustic feature distribution data. The preprocessing module is used to preprocess the running data and global acoustic feature distribution data to obtain preprocessed data; The standardization module is used to synchronize, aggregate, and filter preprocessed data to obtain standardized monitoring data; The information identification module is used to analyze standardized monitoring data and identify trend and abnormal information during the operation of the heating unit. The fault location module is used to diagnose faults based on trend and anomaly information, and to determine the fault type and location of the heating unit. The alarm module is used to generate fault reports and issue alarms based on the fault type and location. The maintenance module is used to maintain the heating unit based on fault reports.

[0014] Thirdly, the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of a method for monitoring faults in a thermal power plant heating unit.

[0015] Fourthly, the present invention provides a storage medium storing a computer program thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a method for monitoring faults in a thermal power plant heating unit.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention collects operating data from heating units and performs three-dimensional spatial calibration and global scanning path planning on a preset monitoring area on the unit's outer casing. This allows the scanning head to perform a wide-area survey of the equipment surface along the global scanning path, thereby obtaining acoustic response signals and their corresponding spatial coordinates, forming global acoustic feature distribution data with spatial distribution characteristics. Compared with traditional fixed-point sensor monitoring methods, this invention transforms discrete-point detection into regionalized, continuous scanning detection, reducing monitoring blind spots caused by limited measurement point placement, improving the perception of the overall health status and abnormal spatial distribution of the equipment, and reducing the risk of missed detections. This invention preprocesses, synchronizes, aggregates, and filters operating data and acoustic feature distribution data, unifying the format and temporal relationship of data from different sources, improving data quality and the accuracy of subsequent analysis. By identifying trends and anomalies in standardized monitoring data and combining this with fault diagnosis to determine fault type and location, this invention can improve the accuracy of fault judgment and location. This invention generates fault reports and alarms based on fault type and location, enabling maintenance personnel to promptly detect anomalies and carry out targeted maintenance, thereby improving the efficiency of fault monitoring, operational safety, and timeliness of maintenance for heating units. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a system diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a system diagram of Example 4. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To further understand the content of this invention, the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments are merely illustrative and not limiting of the invention.

[0019] Example 1: See Figure 1 A method for fault monitoring of heating units in a thermal power plant includes the following steps: S1 collects operating data of the heating unit.

[0020] S2 performs three-dimensional spatial calibration of the preset monitoring area of ​​the heating unit equipment shell and plans a global scanning path covering the preset monitoring area.

[0021] S3 performs a wide-area general scan of the surface of the heating unit equipment along the global scanning path, collects the acoustic response signal and its corresponding spatial coordinates, and obtains global acoustic feature distribution data.

[0022] S4 preprocesses the running data and global acoustic feature distribution data to obtain preprocessed data.

[0023] S5 synchronizes, aggregates, and filters the preprocessed data to obtain standardized monitoring data.

[0024] S6 analyzes standardized monitoring data to identify trend and abnormal information during the operation of heating units.

[0025] S7 performs fault diagnosis based on trend and anomaly information to determine the fault type and location of the heating unit.

[0026] S8 generates a fault report and issues an alarm based on the fault type and location.

[0027] S9, perform maintenance on the heating unit based on the fault report.

[0028] Example 2: See Figure 2 A fault monitoring system for heating units in a thermal power plant includes the following steps: The data acquisition module is used to collect operating data of the heating unit.

[0029] The path calibration module is used to perform three-dimensional spatial calibration of the preset monitoring area on the outer shell of the heating unit equipment and plan a global scanning path covering the preset monitoring area.

[0030] The spectral scanning module is used to perform a wide-area survey scan of the surface of the heating unit equipment along the global scanning path, collect the acoustic response signal and its corresponding spatial coordinates, and obtain global acoustic feature distribution data.

[0031] The preprocessing module is used to preprocess the running data and global acoustic feature distribution data to obtain preprocessed data.

[0032] The standardization module is used to synchronize, aggregate, and filter preprocessed data to obtain standardized monitoring data.

[0033] The information identification module is used to analyze standardized monitoring data and identify trend and abnormal information during the operation of the heating unit.

[0034] The fault location module is used to diagnose faults based on trend and anomaly information, and to determine the fault type and location of the heating unit.

[0035] The alarm module is used to generate fault reports and issue alarms based on the fault type and location.

[0036] The maintenance module is used to maintain the heating unit based on fault reports.

[0037] Example 3: The fault monitoring process of the heating unit in the thermal power plant in this embodiment can be achieved collaboratively by functional components such as data acquisition, information collection, diagnostic analysis, and user management. These functional components are connected via network signals, enabling the transmission and exchange of heating unit operating data, acoustic scanning data, analysis results, fault reports, and maintenance information.

[0038] The data acquisition section includes data acquisition and data preprocessing functions. The data acquisition process is used to collect operating data of the heating unit and acoustic response data obtained by acoustic scanning of the equipment casing; the data preprocessing process is used to filter, denoise, and smooth the acquired data to reduce the impact of environmental noise, signal fluctuations, and abnormal interference on subsequent fault diagnosis results.

[0039] Specifically, at the start of fault monitoring, the operating data of the heating unit is first collected. This operating data can reflect the equipment status during the operation of the heating unit. Simultaneously, a pre-defined monitoring area on the outer casing of the heating unit is calibrated in three-dimensional space to determine the boundary range of the pre-defined monitoring area in three-dimensional space, and a global scanning path grid covering the entire pre-defined monitoring area is planned based on this boundary range.

[0040] In one specific embodiment, the scanning head is mounted at the end of a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate robotic arm, which is fixed to a foundation or movable platform near the heating unit equipment via a lockable universal bracket. This mounting method allows the scanning head to move precisely along the surface of the equipment casing in three-dimensional space, thereby achieving area-based scanning of the heating unit equipment surface.

[0041] After completing the three-dimensional spatial calibration and global scanning path planning, the scanning head is driven to perform a wide-area survey scan of the heating unit equipment surface along the global scanning path. During the scanning process, the scanning head moves and pauses sequentially along each path node in the global scanning path, emitting active sound waves at each path node. The active sound waves can be broadband pulse sound waves or sound waves emitted according to a preset frequency and preset mode. The active sound waves are used to excite the heating unit equipment casing, and then the sound wave response signal modulated or reflected by the equipment casing is simultaneously acquired.

[0042] While acquiring acoustic response signals, the spatial coordinates of the scanning head corresponding to each acoustic response signal are precisely recorded, establishing a correspondence between the acquired acoustic response signals and spatial positions, thereby forming global acoustic feature distribution data with spatial distribution characteristics. This method allows for the acquisition of the acoustic response status of different areas of the device casing, providing a more comprehensive reflection of the overall health status and abnormal spatial distribution of the equipment compared to fixed-point acquisition methods.

[0043] After obtaining the operating data of the heating unit and the global acoustic characteristic distribution data, the data is preprocessed. Preprocessing includes filtering, denoising, and smoothing the data to improve data quality and reduce the impact of noise and interference on subsequent analysis. The preprocessed data is then obtained.

[0044] The information collection process includes data synchronization, data aggregation, and information filtering. Specifically, preprocessed data is synchronized and interacted with data from sensors, control systems, and other devices. Data from different sources is aggregated and integrated to form a unified data format. This aggregation process ensures the timeliness, format consistency, and unit consistency of data from different sources, reducing misjudgments and analytical errors caused by data inconsistencies. Subsequently, the aggregated data is filtered to remove invalid or interfering information, improving the accuracy of subsequent diagnostic analysis and obtaining standardized monitoring data.

[0045] The diagnostic analysis process includes data analysis, fault diagnosis, data transmission, and alarm processing. Specifically, standardized monitoring data is analyzed to extract valuable information. Analysis methods may include at least one of statistical analysis, time-series analysis, and mathematical model analysis. Through these methods, data change trends, acoustic characteristic distribution changes, and abnormal data changes during the operation of the heating unit can be identified, and the results can be used to determine whether the heating unit is in an abnormal operating state.

[0046] After identifying trend and anomaly information, fault diagnosis is performed based on this information. During fault diagnosis, standardized monitoring data is compared with a fault diagnosis database in a multi-dimensional manner, and the fault type and location of the heating unit are output through fault diagnosis model analysis. The fault diagnosis database includes normal operating data of the heating unit and a standard comparison database for the heating unit. By comparing current monitoring data with normal operating data and standard comparison data, the accuracy of fault identification and location can be improved.

[0047] After determining the fault type and location, a fault report is generated based on the fault diagnosis results. The fault report may include the fault type, fault location, abnormal data, and relevant maintenance prompts. After generating the fault report, an alarm is triggered. The alarm method may include at least one of the following: audible alarm, visual cue, SMS notification, or email notification, to ensure that operators are promptly informed of any abnormal status of the heating unit and can respond accordingly.

[0048] The user management process includes unit data terminal and unit fault maintenance. Specifically, fault reports and alarm information are transmitted to the unit data terminal. Based on the fault type and location in the fault report, the unit data terminal evaluates the operating efficiency and performance of the heating unit, analyzes indicators such as thermal efficiency and power generation efficiency, and generates a performance report. Monitoring and maintenance personnel, based on the fault type, fault location, and performance report output by the unit data terminal, determine the maintenance areas of the heating unit and perform fault maintenance.

[0049] In a specific application scenario, when the heating unit is in operation, the data acquisition process continuously collects the unit's operating data while simultaneously controlling the scanning head to perform a wide-area general scan of the equipment surface along a preset global scanning path. At each path node, the scanning head emits active acoustic waves and collects the acoustic response signals modulated or reflected by the equipment casing, recording the corresponding spatial coordinates. After preprocessing, synchronization, convergence, and filtering, standardized monitoring data reflecting the operating status of the heating unit and the acoustic distribution of the equipment surface is obtained. Subsequently, statistical analysis, time-series analysis, and mathematical model analysis are performed on the standardized monitoring data to identify abnormal information. Multi-dimensional data comparison is then conducted using a fault diagnosis database to ultimately output the fault type and precise location. When an anomaly is detected, a fault report is generated and alarms are triggered via sound, visual cues, SMS, or email. Maintenance personnel then perform maintenance on the heating unit based on the fault report.

[0050] This embodiment utilizes a movable scanning head to perform a wide-area survey scan of the heating unit equipment surface, enabling continuous, regionalized surface inspection. This replaces traditional fixed-point measurement methods and reduces blind spots caused by fixed-point sensor placement. By mapping the acoustic response signal to the spatial coordinates of the scanning head, the global acoustic feature distribution of the heating unit equipment surface can be obtained, thus providing a faster and more intuitive reflection of the overall health status and spatial distribution of anomalies. Through a continuous process of data preprocessing, synchronous aggregation, information filtering, trend anomaly identification, fault diagnosis, fault report generation, and alarm maintenance, a standardized fault monitoring process can be established, reducing reliance on manual experience and providing reliable support for condition-based maintenance and predictive maintenance of heating units.

[0051] Example 4: See Figure 3 The present invention also provides an electronic device 100 for a method of monitoring faults in a thermal power plant heating unit; the electronic device 100 includes a memory 101, at least one processor 102, a computer program 103 stored in the memory 101 and executable on the at least one processor 102, and at least one communication bus 104.

[0052] The memory 101 can be used to store the computer program 103. The processor 102 implements the steps of the fault monitoring method for a thermal power plant heating unit described in Embodiment 1 by running or executing the computer program stored in the memory 101 and calling the data stored in the memory 101. The memory 101 may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system, at least one application program required for a function (such as sound playback function, image playback function, etc.), etc.; the data storage area may store data created according to the use of the electronic device 100 (such as audio data), etc. In addition, the memory 101 may include non-volatile memory, such as hard disk, memory, plug-in hard disk, smart media card (SMC), secure digital (SD) card, flash card, at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage device.

[0053] The at least one processor 102 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The processor 102 may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The processor 102 is the control center of the electronic device 100, connecting various parts of the electronic device 100 via various interfaces and lines.

[0054] The memory 101 in the electronic device 100 stores multiple instructions to implement a fault monitoring method for a heating unit in a thermal power plant, and the processor 102 can execute the multiple instructions to achieve the following: Collect operating data from heating units; The preset monitoring area of ​​the heating unit equipment shell is calibrated in three dimensions, and a global scanning path covering the preset monitoring area is planned. A wide-area survey scan of the surface of the heating unit equipment is carried out along the global scanning path to collect the acoustic response signal and its corresponding spatial coordinates, thereby obtaining global acoustic feature distribution data; The runtime data and global acoustic feature distribution data are preprocessed to obtain preprocessed data; The preprocessed data is synchronized, aggregated, and filtered to obtain standardized monitoring data; Analyze standardized monitoring data to identify trend and abnormal information during the operation of heating units; Fault diagnosis is performed based on trend and anomaly information to determine the fault type and location of the heating unit. Generate a fault report and issue an alarm based on the fault type and location; The heating unit was maintained according to the fault report.

[0055] Example 5: If the modules / units integrated in the electronic device 100 are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can also be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the various method embodiments described above. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or certain intermediate forms. The computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, a recording medium, a USB flash drive, a portable hard drive, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer memory, and a read-only memory (ROM).

[0056] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0057] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0058] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0059] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for fault monitoring of heating units in a thermal power plant, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Collect operating data from heating units; The preset monitoring area of ​​the heating unit equipment shell is calibrated in three dimensions, and a global scanning path covering the preset monitoring area is planned. A wide-area survey scan of the surface of the heating unit equipment is carried out along the global scanning path to collect the acoustic response signal and its corresponding spatial coordinates, thereby obtaining global acoustic feature distribution data; The runtime data and global acoustic feature distribution data are preprocessed to obtain preprocessed data; The preprocessed data is synchronized, aggregated, and filtered to obtain standardized monitoring data; Analyze standardized monitoring data to identify trend and abnormal information during the operation of heating units; Fault diagnosis is performed based on trend and anomaly information to determine the fault type and location of the heating unit. Generate a fault report and issue an alarm based on the fault type and location; The heating unit was maintained according to the fault report.

2. The method for fault monitoring of a thermal power plant heating unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for three-dimensional spatial calibration of the preset monitoring area of ​​the heating unit equipment casing and planning the global scanning path covering the preset monitoring area is as follows: Obtain the preset monitoring area of ​​the heating unit equipment shell and determine the boundary range of the preset monitoring area in three-dimensional space; Generate a global scan path grid that covers the entire preset monitoring area based on the boundary range.

3. The method for fault monitoring of a thermal power plant heating unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, When performing a wide-area survey scan of the surface of the heating unit equipment along the global scanning path, the scan moves and pauses sequentially along each path node in the global scanning path, and emits active sound waves at each path node.

4. The method for fault monitoring of a thermal power plant heating unit according to claim 3, characterized in that, Active sound waves use broadband pulsed sound waves, or sound waves emitted according to preset frequencies and preset modes, and are used to excite the outer casing of heating unit equipment.

5. The method for fault monitoring of a thermal power plant heating unit according to claim 3, characterized in that, At each path node, the acoustic response signal modulated by the outer shell of the heating unit is collected synchronously, and the spatial coordinates of the scanning head corresponding to each acoustic response signal are recorded to form global acoustic feature distribution data with spatial position correspondence.

6. The method for fault monitoring of a thermal power plant heating unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, When preprocessing the running data and global acoustic feature distribution data, the collected data is filtered, denoised and smoothed.

7. The method for fault monitoring of a thermal power plant heating unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, When diagnosing faults based on trend and anomaly information, standardized monitoring data is compared with the fault diagnosis database in multiple dimensions, and the fault diagnosis model outputs the fault type and location of the heating unit.

8. A fault monitoring system for heating units in a thermal power plant, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The data acquisition module is used to collect operating data of the heating unit; The path calibration module is used to perform three-dimensional spatial calibration of the preset monitoring area of ​​the heating unit equipment shell and plan a global scanning path covering the preset monitoring area. The spectral scanning module is used to perform a wide-area general survey scan of the surface of the heating unit equipment along the global scanning path, collect the acoustic response signal and its corresponding spatial coordinates, and obtain global acoustic feature distribution data. The preprocessing module is used to preprocess the running data and global acoustic feature distribution data to obtain preprocessed data; The standardization module is used to synchronize, aggregate, and filter preprocessed data to obtain standardized monitoring data; The information identification module is used to analyze standardized monitoring data and identify trend and abnormal information during the operation of the heating unit. The fault location module is used to diagnose faults based on trend and anomaly information, and to determine the fault type and location of the heating unit. The alarm module is used to generate fault reports and issue alarms based on the fault type and location. The maintenance module is used to maintain the heating unit based on fault reports.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method for monitoring faults in a thermal power plant heating unit as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the method for monitoring faults in a thermal power plant heating unit as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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