376 results about "Thermal techniques" patented technology

Methods and apparatus for the deposition of a source material (10) are disclosed. An atomizer (12) renders a supply of source material (10) into many discrete particles. A force applicator (14) propels the particles in continuous, parallel streams of discrete particles. A collimator (16) controls the direction of flight of the particles in the stream prior to their deposition on a substrate (18). In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the viscosity of the particles may be controlled to enable complex depositions of non-conformal or three-dimensional surfaces. The invention also includes a wide variety of substrate treatments which may occur before, during or after deposition. In yet another embodiment of the invention, a virtual or cascade impactor may be employed to remove selected particles from the deposition stream. Also a method and apparatus for maskless deposition of copper lines on a target, specifically relating to localized solution-based deposition of copper using an annular aerosol jet and subsequent material processing using conventional thermal techniques or laser processing.

A temperature probe for monitoring temperatures of a surface of a tissue or organ within the body of a subject includes a section with a substantially two-dimensional arrangement and a plurality of temperature sensors positioned across an area defined by the substantially two-dimensional arrangement. Such an apparatus may be used in conjunction with procedures in which thermal techniques are used to diagnose a disease state or treat diseased tissue. Specifically, a temperature probe may be used to monitor temperatures across an area of a surface of a tissue or organ located close to the treated tissue to prevent subjection of the monitored tissue or organ to potentially damaging temperatures.

The invention discloses an efficient machine for desalting sea water. The efficient machine for desalting sea water mainly comprises a sea water desalting device and a water supply tank, wherein the sea water desalting device comprises a high-pressure water chamber, a heat exchange chamber, a pipe sheet, a transversely fluted tube, an sprayer, a heat exchange surface, a film forming device, a baffle and a plurality of heat pipes; and a sewage draining cooling pipe and a desalted water cooling pipe are arranged inside the water supply tank. According to the efficient machine for desalting sea water, the technology of using smoke to release heat on high-speed spraying by an orifice spraying method is adopted, so that the heat transfer coefficient of the device is improved; the technology of using the excess heat of the smoke is preheated on the sea water, so that the smoke is secondarily used in the device, and the energy use ratio of the device is improved; the two-stage preheating technology of the fed material sea water is adopted, so that the temperature of the preheated sea water is raised; and the technology of using the film forming device to form rotary water film at the heat exchange surface of a round table body is adopted, so that the heat transfer effect and the evaporation effect of a water side are effectively improved. Therefore, the efficient machine for desalting sea water has the advantages of high energy use ratio and good heat transfer effect, and is suitable for the demands of places, such as ships, islands and enterprises on middle or small sea water desalting devices.

A single-flow low-temperature spiral winding tube type heat exchanger with a vacuum heat-insulation effect mainly comprises a spiral winding tube bundle and a vacuum shell. A winding equation of a novel spiral tube bundle theory is applied, a mathematical model is built and applied to a numerical simulation process of a flow field, accordingly, a computation method of the tube bundle winding theory is obtained, and the spiral winding tube type heat exchanger is designed and manufactured. The vacuum heat-insulation technology is applied to the single-flow low-temperature spiral winding tube type heat exchanger, a vacuum structure consisting of an upper gland, a lower gland and a barrel which are independent from each other is adopted, and shortcomings that a traditional vacuum structure and a tube nest bundle are combined difficultly and inconvenient in manufacture, installation, detachment and maintenance and the like are overcome. The single-flow low-temperature spiral winding tube type heat exchanger is applicable to technical fields of gas purification and liquefaction separation including natural gas low-temperature liquefaction at the temperature of minus 161 DEG C, air low-temperature liquefaction separation at the temperature of minus 197 DEG C, low-temperature liquid-nitrogen washing at the temperature of minus 197 DEG C, low-temperature methanol washing at the temperature of minus 70 DEG C and the like, low-temperature heat exchange efficiency can be improved, and the single-flow low-temperature spiral winding tube type heat exchanger has the advantages that the single-flow low-temperature spiral winding tube type heat exchanger is compact in structure, heat transfer area of unit volume is large, heat expansion can be automatically compensated, the heat exchanger can be enlarged easily, the quantity of heat exchange equipment can be reduced, and the like.

The invention provides a method for manufacturing a flash memory, comprising the steps: a floating grid dielectric layer, a floating grid material layer, a dielectric layer, a control grid material layer, a metal silicide layer and a hard mask layer are sequentially formed on the surface of a semiconductor substrate, and then the hard mask layer is patterned; after that, the metal silicide layer, the control grid material layer, the dielectric layer and the floating grid dielectric layer which are covered by the hard mask layer are removed to form a stacking structure, the a silicon covering layer is formed to cover on the surface of the stacking structure, and then a thermal technique is carried out.

According to a multi-mode groove-type solar thermal power generator provided by the invention, through selection of fuel gas complementary thermal storage and two-tank or single-tank thermal storage new technologies, organic combination with different types of power units such as a Rankine steam power unit, a supercritical Bretton power unit and an air Bretton power unit, and complementation of solar energy and other renewable energy, heat transfer and storage media, a solid filling heat storage technology and an appropriate thermal power technology which adapt to the domestic natural geographical environment are selected as far as possible; and a brand new technical route is provided for simplifying the structure, reducing the cost, increasing the power generating hours, enlarging the userange and reducing the hardware investment. The multi-mode groove-type solar thermal power generator belongs to the technical field of solar thermal power generation.

A system and method for standoff detection of explosives, CWAs and TICs using optical techniques. Preliminary analysis indicates detection of TNT at a distance of 0.5 km with a signal-to-noise ratio exceeding 10,000. The optical/thermal techniques apparently permit unambiguous detection of the target molecules even the presence of commonly encountered interferents. The technique, named Remote Optothermal Sensor (ROSE), has the potential for standoff detection at distances greater than one (1) kilometer.

The present invention is directed to a device for splitting a propelled aerosol cloud. The device utilizes a curved spray chamber and a thermal technique to divert any desired portion of the aerosol to waste. The remainder of the aerosol is made available to an ELSD or similar instrument for analysis.

A new rapid optical specific absorption rate (SAR) system is disclosed. The rapid optical SAR system has ability to measure and map the power deposited in a flat phantom or other phantom filled with a transparent simulant fluid. Absolute rates of temperature increase in the phantom by photo thermal techniques are measured. For example, the temperature increase and gradients in the phantom bend the path of a laser beam, which may be aimed at a position sensitive detector. The spatial SAR may be mapped and SAR differences between different telephones and telephone orientations, for example, can be distinguished. The system is non-invasive and non-perturbing of the SAR distribution in the phantom, can measure at locations up to the interior surface of the phantom, and provides thermally-based SAR measurements that do not necessarily require constant calibration.

Far infrared ray heating technology is used to breakdown waste plastic and resultant heavy oils into usable products. Waste plastics may thus be processed into petroleum products and used to generate energy.

The invention relates to the technical field of heat supply, and discloses a heat supply system thermal delay time identification method based on a Pearson correlation coefficient and a moving averagemethod. The method is based on historical big data; external climate data and building temperature are combined; the method is based on a Pearson correlation coefficient and a moving average method.The thermal response time of the heating station or the secondary network is automatically obtained through a data identification method; according to the method, only common historical operation dataof the heat supply system needs to be obtained; the thermal response time of the heat supply system is identified through a big data method; the method does not depend on high-quality data collection, is not liable to be affected by single fault data or abnormal data, formulates different energy storage or scheduling strategies according to different delay time of the heat supply network based onan identification result, facilitates the improvement of the refinement degree of the operation and regulation of the heat supply system, and reduces the operation energy consumption level of the heat supply network.

The invention discloses a balance adjusting method for heat storage and release of a heat supply network and a heat supply system, and belongs to the technical field of centralized heat supply. The heat supply system comprises a thermoelectric unit, a heat supply network initial station, a heat supply network circulating water pump, n heat stations, an electric adjusting valve, a temperature pressure flow measuring instrument, a temperature flow measuring instrument, a temperature measuring instrument and a flow measuring instrument, and n is larger than or equal to 2. The heat imbalance degree of the heat supply system is calculated in real time, and a bypass is arranged on the primary network side of the heat station to adjust the heat supply network water flow entering the heat station, so that the heat supply load balance of each heat station is ensured, the dynamic balance of heat supply network operation is achieved, the reliability of balance adjustment of the heat supply system is improved while the heat storage capacity of the heat supply system is brought into play, and high practical application value is achieved.

The invention provides a method of controlling the boiling heat transfer by the acoustic cavitation and titanium dioxide nano-particles, and relates to the heat exchange technology. The method includes the steps of adding the titanium dioxide nano-particles to a liquid in a testing case, and generating an acoustic cavitation field to the liquid so as to control the boiling heat transfer to intensify or weaken. The method of the invention has two elements, i.e., an adjustable-frequency ultrasonic transducer capable of generating cavitation bubble bunches and particles with the size in the nanometer level. A device for realizing the method of the invention comprises the testing case, a heat transfer test surface, electric heaters, the ultrasonic transducer, a supersonic generator, an observation window, a condenser, a thermocouple, a pressure gauge and the nano-particles. The method can carry out intensifying and weakening control for single-phase convection heat transfer of the heat transfer surface and the nucleate boiling heat transfer, with high heat transfer intensification rate and high cooling heat flow density; and the method of the invention is an active complex heat transfer intensification method.

The invention relates to a heat transfer performance testing device and a testing method thereof for a high-temperature heat pipe, and belongs to the technical field of heat transfer. The device comprises high-temperature heating equipment (1), a to-be-tested high-temperature heat pipe (2), a thermal insulation material (3), an air gap protection sleeve (4), a working medium container (5), a working medium (6), a working medium absorption device (7), a quality measurement system (8), an electronic computer (9), and a temperature measurement system (10). The heat transfer capacity is calculatedthrough the real-time change condition of the mass of the working medium absorption device, and the temperature of each temperature measurement point of the to-be-tested high-temperature heat pipe ismeasured in real time through the temperature measurement system, so the heat transfer performance of the high-temperature heat pipe can be calculated by combining the test data with the size parameters of the high-temperature heat pipe. The heat transfer amount is calculated without subtracting heat leakage from input heat, the heat transfer amount is calculated without measuring the mass flow and temperature change of the cooling medium, and the device is simple, convenient to test, high in test precision and the like.

The invention discloses a scale-free and radiation-free technology of an intelligent electromagnetic energy water heater. Heating is carried out in a high-frequency electromagnetic induction manner, and electricity is saved by 1/4 or near 1/3 compared with a common electric heating tube water heater. As heating coils are not in contact with water, the combustible-gas inflammable possibility, the combustible gas explosive possibility and the carbon monoxide poisoning possibility can be avoided, and therefore safety is quite high. After several years of long-term experimenting, the working frequency and the waveform of the water heater are changed, and scale is effectively eliminated; the water temperature can be controlled to the accurate temperature with the temperature error of +/-0.5 DEG C through the PID adjustment technology and the self-adaptive technology; multiple intelligent technologies such as various intelligent functions including WiFi, voices, a Bluetooth network, a wireless panel and the like are adopted; the water-cooling cooling technology of a water inlet tank is used, and therefore stable work of a high-power electronic device is guaranteed; and a shell is made of a flame-retardant and insulating material, the interior is made of an anti-radiation material, the resistance-capacitance absorption technology is adopted for the interior, and the electromagnetic radiation value is reduced to be zero. The electromagnetic-energy, radiation-free and scale-free technology is suitable for water heaters, induction cookers, water dispensers, winter heating and the like, and can be further applied to hospitals, touring, civil boilers and industrial boilers, and the market is quite large.

The invention provides a multi-stage heat storage device and a copious cooling liquefied air energy storage system using the multi-stage heat storage technology. The heat storage device comprises at least two heat storage devices; every two adjacent heat storage devices are connected in series by means of a heat transfer channel; at least one heat storage device is connected with the heat energy output end; in the heat storage process, heat energy overflowing in the heat storage process of the previous stage of heat storage device enters the later stage of heat storage device by means of the heat transfer channel to preheat the later stage of heat storage device; and tail gas released by the previous stage of heat storage device still contains certain heat energy, after the later stage of heat storage device is preheated, heat energy in the tail gas can be exchanged into heat storage media in the heat storage devices to a large extent, and therefore the heat energy storage rate can be increased to a large extent, and heat energy waste is avoided.

The invention provides a cascade air source high-temperature heat pump hot water unit. The cascade air source high-temperature heat pump hot water unit comprises medium and high temperature compressors, medium and high temperature condensers, coupling heat exchangers, medium and high temperature expansion valves and a finned-tube evaporator, which constitute a medium temperature loop and a high temperature loop; one end of the medium temperature compressor is sequentially connected with the medium temperature condenser, the coupling heat exchanger, the medium temperature expansion valve and the finned-tube evaporator, the other end of the evaporator is connected with the other end of the medium temperature compressor, and the parts constitute the medium temperature loop; one end of the high temperature compressor is sequentially connected with the high temperature condenser, the high-temperature expansion valve and the coupling heat exchanger, the other end of the coupling heat exchanger is connected with the other end of the high temperature compressor, and the parts constitute the high temperature loop; a waterway of the medium temperature condenser and the waterway of the high temperature condenser are connected in series. The cascade air source high-temperature heat pump hot water unit increases the temperature of hot water to 85 DEG C from room temperature by the cascade heat exchange technology, the dual-refrigerant coupling heat exchange technology and the water side series coupling heat exchange technology.

The embodiment of the invention relates to a heat exchanger provided with a non-circular section and used for a heat exchange tube, relates to the technical field of heat exchange, and mainly solves the technical problems that an existing heat exchanger is insufficient in heat exchange efficiency. The heat exchanger provided with the non-circular section and used for the heat exchange tube comprises a housing, wherein a heat exchange space is arranged inside the housing; a second heat exchange channel extending to a second heat exchange medium outlet from a second heat exchange medium inlet isformed in the heat exchange space; at least one flow-direction distribution plate divides the first heat exchange channel into at least two subsection channels; and a gas-flow distributing hole whichcommunicates with the at least two subsection channels is formed in the flow-direction distributing plate. A flow direction of at least two subsection channels of the second heat exchange channel isdefined by the position of the distributing hole, so that deflected-flow and eddy-flow phenomena generated by a second heat exchange medium in the second heat exchange channel can be reduced, the second heat exchange medium in the second heat exchange channel uniformly flows through the heat exchange tube, and heat exchange of the first heat exchange channel and the second heat exchange channel isimproved, and therefore, heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger is relatively high.

The invention relates to a matching method for a heat accumulating type electric heating load and a power distribution network court. The method comprises the following steps of 1, establishing a minimum heat load demand calculation model of a user in each time period, and screening and determining a possible start-stop strategy of user equipment by combining a start-stop control strategy of heataccumulating type electric heating equipment and a heat accumulating amount calculation model of a heat accumulating electric heating heat storage tank in each time period; and 2, establishing a heataccumulating type electric heating load response optimization model aiming at stabilizing a total load curve of the power distribution network court and reducing the peak-valley difference, and searching an optimal start-stop control strategy as a matching method of the heat accumulating type electric heating load and the power distribution network court based on the screened and determined possible start-stop strategy of the user equipment in the step 1. According to the method, the interaction mode between heat accumulating type electric heating and a power distribution network can be improved through a direct load control manner, so that the advantages of the heat accumulating technology can be brought into full play and the heat accumulating type electric heating equipment can be popularized and used in a large range.

A three-dimensional heat exchange electromagnetic energy steam generator device comprises an electromagnetic energy heating device and a three-dimensional heat exchange evaporator device. The outer portion of the device is connected with a water inlet pipe, a steam output pipe, a water return pipe, an air bleeding valve, a temperature and pressure gauge and other components. The three-dimensional heat exchange electromagnetic energy steam generator device has the beneficial effects that based on the efficient electromagnetic energy heating technology, by means of the specially-designed three-dimensional heat exchange steam evaporator device, heat conversion efficiency is high, steam is generated quickly, and equipment safety is good; and the device is a novel steam generation device which saves energy, is environment-friendly, achieves zero emission and is free of pollution, efficient and safe, and the device is an ideal replacement product for various traditional steam boilers.