A co-packaged optical interface based on single-lens focusing and turning integrated architecture and a manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a co-packaged optical interface based on a single-lens focusing and steering integrated architecture and its manufacturing method, belonging to the field of optical communication and optoelectronic packaging technology. The optical interface includes a single-piece transparent ferrule substrate, which is formed as a single structure by injection molding from optical-grade transparent material. A 45° freeform lens is integrally formed at the rear end of the ferrule substrate, which is used to simultaneously achieve a 90° optical path deflection and beam focusing or collimation. A planar optical entrance window is provided on the top surface of the ferrule substrate, and this planar optical entrance window does not have an independent lens structure. A mechanical alignment structure is provided at the light-emitting end of the ferrule substrate. An optical fiber assembly is also provided at the rear end of the ferrule substrate. Through this structure, a single aspherical lens can simultaneously perform optical path steering and beam focusing functions, thereby reducing the number of optical components, reducing optical interface loss, simplifying the structure, and improving optical coupling efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optical communication and optoelectronic packaging technology, specifically to a co-packaged optical interface based on a single-lens focusing and optical path steering integrated architecture and its manufacturing method. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of high-speed interconnect technology in data centers, high-speed optical modules based on parallel optical interconnects are gradually moving towards higher bandwidth and higher integration. Co-packaged optics (CPO) technology can significantly reduce electrical interconnect losses and improve the overall system bandwidth by packaging the optical engine and the switching chip in close proximity.

[0003] In existing technologies, optical path reversal and focusing structures used to achieve optical signal coupling between optical chips and optical fibers typically employ multi-element combination structures. For example, in traditional optical module structures, the optical path usually passes sequentially through a collimating lens, a reflecting mirror, and a focusing lens, with multiple optical elements used to achieve beam reversal and focusing coupling. These structures generally suffer from the following problems: a large number of optical elements and increased optical interfaces lead to increased insertion loss; precise active alignment between multiple optical elements is required, resulting in high assembly complexity; the complex optical path structure increases the overall structural height, hindering module miniaturization; and multi-element structures typically contain multiple independent components, leading to higher manufacturing costs.

[0004] To address these issues, some technical solutions attempt to integrate the reflector and lens, but at least two optical elements are still required to achieve the optical path deflection and focusing functions, making the optical structure still relatively complex. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings and deficiencies of existing technologies by providing a co-packaged optical interface based on a single-lens focusing and steering integrated architecture and its manufacturing method. By integrally forming a 45° freeform surface lens in a single-piece transparent ferrule substrate, a single optical structure can simultaneously achieve optical path steering and beam focusing functions, thereby reducing the number of optical components, reducing optical interface loss and simplifying structural design, while improving optical coupling efficiency and system assembly reliability.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A co-packaged optical interface based on a single-lens focusing and steering integrated architecture includes: a single-piece transparent ferrule substrate 10, which is formed as a single structure by injection molding of optical-grade transparent material; a 45° freeform surface lens 20 disposed at the rear end of the ferrule substrate 10, which is an integral structure with the ferrule substrate 10 and is used to simultaneously achieve 90° optical path deflection of the beam and focusing or collimation of the beam; and a planar optical entrance window 30 disposed on the top surface of the ferrule substrate 10. The aperture 30 is used to allow the light beam to enter the interior of the ferrule substrate 10 from a vertical direction, and the planar optical incident window 30 is not equipped with an independent lens; the light-emitting end of the ferrule substrate 10 is provided with a mechanical alignment structure 40, which is used for positioning and mating with the existing MOI standard interface; the rear end of the ferrule substrate 10 is provided with an optical fiber assembly 60, which is fixed to the rear end assembly structure of the ferrule substrate 10 by means of insertion, bonding or crimping, so that the end face of the optical fiber and the 45° freeform surface lens 20 maintain a predetermined positional relationship;

[0008] After the light beam enters the ferrule substrate 10 through the planar optical incident window, it is reflected at the 45° freeform lens 20 and its propagation direction is changed. At the same time, the light beam is focused or collimated by the aspherical lens, thereby realizing optical signal coupling between the optical chip and the optical fiber. The 45° freeform lens constitutes a single integrated optical structure in the co-packaged optical interface that undertakes the optical path control function.

[0009] The 45° freeform lens 20 has a tilt angle of 45° or close to a predetermined angle, so that the incident light beam achieves a 90° optical path reversal at the 45° freeform lens 20.

[0010] The 45° freeform lens 20 is the only optical structure in the co-packaged optical interface that undertakes at least two of the optical path control functions, namely focusing, collimation, and beam steering. The planar optical entrance window 30 serves only as a beam entrance or exit channel and does not undertake independent lens imaging functions. The 45° freeform lens is the only optical structure that undertakes the functions of optical path steering and beam focusing.

[0011] The 45° freeform lens 20 is tilted relative to the main propagation direction of the incident light, so that the incident light is turned at the aspherical lens and then propagates in a second direction different from the incident direction.

[0012] The 45° freeform lens 20 achieves optical path deflection through total internal reflection or reflective coating.

[0013] The surface shape of the 45° freeform lens 20 is an aspherical curved surface structure, and its curvature parameters are used to focus or collimate the light beam. The surface shape parameters of the 45° freeform lens 20 include at least one of the radius of curvature, conic coefficient and higher-order aspherical coefficient, which are used to correct at least one of spherical aberration, coma and field curvature during the optical path turning process.

[0014] The mechanical alignment structure 40 includes one or more of the following: guide post, positioning hole, guide groove, limiting surface, and insertion mating part.

[0015] The mechanical alignment structure 40 is disposed on the side of the ferrule base 10 to form a plug-in positioning fit with the MOI base and to ensure the relative positional accuracy between the 45° freeform surface lens 20 and the chip-side light-emitting / light-receiving area and the optical axis on the fiber side.

[0016] The side of the ferrule base 10 is provided with a locking structure 50, which is used to realize a pluggable connection with the MOI interface.

[0017] The 45° freeform surface lens is a multi-channel lens array structure, used to correspond to multiple optical signal channels respectively.

[0018] The insert substrate 10 is made of at least one optically grade transparent material selected from cyclic olefin polymers, polyetherimide, or polymethyl methacrylate.

[0019] A method for manufacturing a co-packaged optical interface based on a single-lens focusing and steering integrated architecture includes the following steps:

[0020] S1. Based on the chip-side light emission or light reception characteristics, the number of target coupling channels, the target working distance, and the fiber-side coupling requirements, perform optical design on the aspherical curved lens to determine the surface parameters used to simultaneously achieve optical path steering and beam focusing or collimation.

[0021] S2. Based on the surface shape parameters of the aspherical curved lens and the overall structural parameters of the ferrule substrate, establish an integrated molding model of the ferrule substrate, the planar optical window, the mechanical alignment structure, and the aspherical curved lens.

[0022] S3. Process a molding mold according to the integrated molding model, and form a cavity in the mold for molding the ferrule base body, the planar optical window, the mechanical alignment structure and the aspherical curved lens;

[0023] S4. Inject optical-grade transparent material into the molding mold, and obtain a single-piece transparent ferrule substrate through a one-time molding process, so that the aspherical curved lens, the planar optical window and the mechanical alignment structure are integrally formed with the ferrule substrate.

[0024] S5. Demolding, cooling and shaping, and annealing are performed on the molded core substrate to reduce residual internal stress and improve optical stability.

[0025] S6. Inspect the dimensional accuracy, optical surface accuracy, and surface quality of the ferrule substrate;

[0026] S7. Assemble and fix the optical fiber assembly with the ferrule substrate to obtain the co-encapsulated optical interface.

[0027] In step S1, the optical design includes establishing a chip-side beam propagation model, a ferrule internal propagation model, and an optical fiber-side coupling model. By adjusting at least one of the tilt angle, radius of curvature, conic coefficient, and higher-order aspherical coefficient of the aspherical lens, the beam is redirected at the aspherical lens to form an outgoing or incoming beam spot that meets the target coupling requirements.

[0028] In step S2, in the integrated molding model, the planar optical window is set as a planar area without an independent lens structure, and the mechanical alignment structure is set as one or more of the guide post, positioning hole, and guide groove that are compatible with the MOI standard interface.

[0029] In step S3, the cavity in the forming mold used to form the aspherical curved lens is formed by one or more processes such as single-point diamond turning, ultra-precision cutting, precision grinding, and electrical discharge machining; the forming mold includes a main cavity for forming the ferrule substrate body, a planar cavity for forming the planar optical window, an alignment cavity for forming the mechanical alignment structure, and an oblique optical cavity for forming the tilted aspherical curved lens.

[0030] In step S4, the one-time molding process is injection molding. During the injection molding process, the barrel temperature, mold temperature, injection pressure, holding pressure, holding time, and cooling time are controlled to ensure the surface shape replication accuracy of the aspherical curved lens, the flatness of the planar optical window, and the positional accuracy of the mechanical alignment structure.

[0031] In step S5, the annealing process involves placing the formed ferrule substrate in a constant temperature environment below the material's heat distortion temperature for a predetermined time and then slowly cooling it down to release the forming stress and reduce birefringence and optical distortion.

[0032] In step S6, the detection includes: detecting the flatness and surface roughness of the planar optical window; detecting the surface shape deviation and surface roughness of the aspherical curved lens; and detecting the positional accuracy, dimensional tolerance, and relative positional accuracy of the mechanical alignment structure with the optical functional surface.

[0033] The working principle of this invention is as follows: When the light source chip emits a light beam, the beam first enters the interior of the ferrule substrate 10 through the planar optical incident window 30 on the top surface of the ferrule substrate 10 in a vertical direction, and then propagates inside the ferrule to the 45° freeform lens 20 located at the rear end of the ferrule substrate. Since the 45° freeform lens 20 is inclined relative to the main propagation direction of the incident light, when the beam reaches the surface, it is reflected at the aspherical lens 20, causing the beam propagation direction to change, thereby achieving a 90° turn in the optical path, transforming the beam that originally propagated in the vertical direction into one that propagates in the horizontal direction.

[0034] Meanwhile, since the 45° freeform lens 20 is an aspherical structure with optically optimized curvature parameters, the light beam can be refocused or collimated while being reflected, thereby forming a spot size that matches the fiber end face in the fiber assembly 60. This allows the redirected light beam to propagate horizontally and couple into the fiber end face, realizing optical signal transmission between the optical chip and the optical fiber. When the optical signal is input from the fiber end, its propagation process is the reverse of the above process, thus realizing the reception of the optical signal.

[0035] The beneficial effects of this invention, achieved by integrating a 45° freeform lens into the ferrule substrate, allow this lens to simultaneously perform optical path steering and beam focusing or collimation functions, thus forming a single integrated optical structure that controls the optical path. Compared to traditional optical interface structures that combine mirrors and independent lenses, this invention achieves a 90° beam deflection and beam focusing or collimation using only a single aspherical lens, significantly reducing the number of optical elements and interfaces, thereby helping to reduce insertion loss and improve optical coupling efficiency.

[0036] Furthermore, the ferrule substrate of this invention adopts a one-piece injection-molded integral structure, integrating the 45° freeform surface lens, the planar optical incident window, and the mechanical alignment structure. This avoids the assembly process of independent lenses or microlens arrays in traditional structures, simplifying the structural design and reducing manufacturing costs and assembly difficulty. Simultaneously, by setting a mechanical alignment structure compatible with the MOI standard interface, high-precision positioning between the optical interface and the optical module can be ensured, thereby improving the coupling stability and system reliability between the optical chip and the optical fiber. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the co-packaged optical interface of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Top view;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the 45° freeform surface lens portion in this invention;

[0041] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: ferrule substrate 10, 45° freeform lens 20, planar optical entrance window 30, mechanical alignment structure 40, locking structure 50, fiber optic assembly 60. Detailed Implementation

[0042] See Figure 1-3 As shown in the figure, a technical solution for a co-packaged optical interface based on a single-lens focusing and steering integrated architecture in this specific embodiment is as follows: it mainly includes a ferrule substrate 10, a 45° freeform surface lens 20, a planar optical incident window 30, a mechanical alignment structure 40, and an optical fiber assembly 60; the above structures together constitute an optical interface structure for realizing optical signal coupling between the optical chip and the optical fiber.

[0043] The insert substrate 10 is a transparent structural component, and its overall shape is long strip or block. In this embodiment, the insert substrate 10 is made of optical grade transparent material, such as cyclic olefin polymer (COP), polyetherimide (PEI), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC) or polyethersulfone (PES).

[0044] The ferrule substrate 10 is integrally formed by a one-time injection molding process, so that the following structures are integrated with the ferrule substrate 10: 45° freeform surface lens 20, planar optical incident window 30, and mechanical alignment structure 40. By adopting an integral molding method, the structure that requires separate installation of lenses, mirrors or microlens arrays in traditional optical interfaces can be avoided, thereby significantly reducing the number of optical components and reducing assembly complexity.

[0045] In this embodiment, a beam propagation channel is formed inside the ferrule substrate 10, which allows the beam from the optical chip side to propagate inside the ferrule and reach the 45° freeform lens 20.

[0046] A 45° freeform lens 20 is provided on the inner bottom side of the ferrule base 10; the 45° freeform lens 20 is an integral structure with the ferrule base 10, and its surface is an aspherical curved surface that has been optically optimized.

[0047] In this embodiment, the 45° freeform lens 20 is tilted relative to the direction of incident light propagation, and its tilt angle is preferably 45° or a predetermined angle close to 45°. With this structure, the light beam entering from the bottom of the ferrule can undergo optical path reversal when it reaches the aspherical lens 20, thereby changing the direction of light beam propagation.

[0048] The 45° freeform lens 20 simultaneously performs the following optical functions: when a light beam reaches the 45° freeform lens 20, because the incident angle of the beam is greater than the critical angle of the material, the beam undergoes total internal reflection at the curved surface, causing a change in the beam propagation direction, thereby achieving a 90° deflection of the optical path. In another embodiment, a reflective film layer can also be deposited on the surface of the aspherical curved lens to achieve optical path deflection. Since the curved surface is an aspherical structure, its surface parameters are optimized through optical design, allowing the light beam to be refocused or collimated while being reflected. Therefore, through the aspherical curved lens 20, the diverging beam from the light source can be formed into a light spot of a suitable size after the deflection to meet the requirements of fiber coupling.

[0049] The planar optical incident window 30 is a planar transparent area integrally formed with the ferrule substrate, and its main function is to allow light beams to enter the interior of the ferrule substrate from the optical chip side.

[0050] In this embodiment, the planar optical incident window 30 does not have any independent lens structure or microlens array.

[0051] The planar optical incident window 30 serves only as a beam transmission channel and does not perform beam focusing or imaging functions. By eliminating the bottom microlens array in the traditional structure, the optical interface structure can be further simplified and the mold manufacturing complexity can be reduced.

[0052] The mechanical alignment structure 40 is used to achieve the positioning connection between the co-packaged optical interface and the external optical module interface. In this embodiment, the mechanical alignment structure 40 includes: guide posts, positioning holes, guide grooves, etc.

[0053] The guide post can be inserted into the guide hole in the external MOI interface base to ensure the positioning accuracy of the optical interface during assembly. The locking structure is used to fix the ferrule 10 after it is inserted into the MOI interface base, thereby forming a stable mechanical connection. Through the above-mentioned mechanical alignment structure 40, a stable relative positional relationship can be maintained between the 45° freeform lens 20, the light-emitting area of ​​the optical chip, and the end face of the optical fiber, thereby improving the optical coupling accuracy.

[0054] The fiber optic assembly 60 can be a single-core fiber, a multi-core fiber, a ribbon fiber, or an MPO fiber optic connector. The fiber optic assembly 60 is fixed to the front-end assembly structure of the ferrule substrate 10 by means of insertion, bonding, or crimping, ensuring that the fiber end face maintains a predetermined positional relationship with the 45° freeform lens 20. This structure enables efficient coupling of the beam from the optical chip side to the fiber end face.

[0055] In this embodiment, when the light source chip (e.g., a VCSEL chip) emits a light beam, the beam first enters the interior of the ferrule substrate 10 through the planar optical incident window 30 at the bottom of the ferrule substrate 10 in a vertical direction, and then propagates inside the ferrule to the 45° freeform lens 20 disposed at the rear end of the ferrule substrate. Since the 45° freeform lens 20 is tilted at a predetermined angle relative to the incident light direction, when the light beam reaches the surface, it is reflected at the surface, thereby changing the propagation direction of the light beam and changing the original vertical propagation direction to horizontal propagation.

[0056] Meanwhile, since the curved lens is an aspherical structure with its curvature parameters optimized through optical design, the light beam is focused or collimated simultaneously with reflection. This results in the redirected beam forming a spot that matches the numerical aperture and core diameter of the optical fiber, and coupling it into the fiber end face of the optical fiber assembly 60, achieving efficient optical signal coupling and transmission between the optical chip side and the optical fiber side. When the optical signal is input from the optical fiber side, its propagation process is the reverse of the above process, thereby achieving optical signal reception.

[0057] A method for manufacturing a co-packaged optical interface based on a single-lens focusing and steering integrated architecture is as follows:

[0058] First, optical design is performed based on the optical coupling requirements between the optical chip and the optical fiber. Specifically, a beam propagation model is established based on parameters such as the divergence angle of the light-emitting chip or photodetector, the size of the light-emitting aperture or photosensitive surface, the operating wavelength, the working distance between the optical chip and the ferrule substrate, the fiber core diameter, and the fiber numerical aperture. Through optical simulation, the radius of curvature, conic coefficient, and higher-order aspherical coefficients of the 45° freeform lens are optimized to ensure that the beam can both redirect and focus or collimate at this surface, thereby forming a beam spot size that matches the fiber end face on the propagation path after redirection.

[0059] After completing the optical design, an overall structural model of the ferrule substrate is established. This model includes the ferrule substrate body, a planar optical window at the top of the ferrule substrate, a mechanical alignment structure at the bottom or side of the ferrule substrate, and a 45° freeform lens at the rear end of the ferrule substrate. The planar optical window is a planar light-transmitting area used to allow light beams to enter the interior of the ferrule substrate and does not have an independent lens structure. The mechanical alignment structure is configured according to the target interface standard as one or more of a guide post, positioning hole, guide groove, or locking structure to ensure precise positioning and mating of the ferrule substrate with the MOI standard interface during assembly.

[0060] Subsequently, mold design and manufacturing are carried out based on the above structural model. The mold includes a main cavity for forming the ferrule substrate, a planar cavity for forming the planar optical window, a positioning cavity for forming the mechanical alignment structure, and an inclined optical cavity for forming the 45° freeform lens. For the optical cavity portion of the aspherical lens, ultra-precision machining processes such as single-point diamond turning, ultra-precision cutting, precision grinding, or electrical discharge machining can be used to ensure that the mold cavity has high surface accuracy and surface finish, thereby meeting the requirements of optical replication.

[0061] After the mold is manufactured, an optical-grade transparent material is selected for injection molding. The transparent material can be a cyclic olefin polymer, polyetherimide, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, or polyethersulfone, etc. During the injection molding process, the material is heated to a molten state and then injected into the mold cavity. By controlling the barrel temperature, mold temperature, injection pressure, holding pressure, holding time, and cooling time, the ferrule substrate body, planar optical window, mechanical alignment structure, and 45° freeform lens are integrally formed through a single injection molding process, thus forming a single-piece transparent ferrule substrate structure.

[0062] After injection molding is completed, the molded ferrule substrate is demolded from the mold and then post-processed. In order to reduce the internal stress generated in the material during the molding process, the ferrule substrate can be annealed in a constant temperature environment below the material's heat distortion temperature. After being kept at the constant temperature for a predetermined time, it is slowly cooled to room temperature, thereby releasing the internal stress of the material and improving optical stability.

[0063] After annealing, the ferrule substrate is inspected for dimensional accuracy and optical quality. The inspection includes: the flatness and surface roughness of the planar optical window, the surface shape deviation and surface finish of the 45° freeform lens, the positional accuracy of the mechanical alignment structure, and the relative positional relationship between the mechanical alignment structure and the optical functional surface, to ensure that the ferrule substrate meets the design requirements.

[0064] After passing inspection, the fiber optic assembly is installed on the assembly structure at the front end of the ferrule. The fiber optic assembly can be a single-core fiber, multi-core fiber, ribbon fiber, or MPO fiber optic assembly. During assembly, the fiber optic assembly can be fixed to the ferrule by bonding, snapping, or crimping, maintaining a predetermined spatial relationship between the fiber end face and the 45° freeform lens.

[0065] Finally, the assembled co-packaged optical interface undergoes optical performance testing. Tests may include insertion loss, return loss, channel consistency, repeated insertion / removal stability, and thermal cycling reliability. Once the performance requirements are met, the finished co-packaged optical interface of this invention is obtained.

[0066] The above description is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and is not intended to limit it. Any other modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present invention, as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A co-packaged optical interface based on a single-lens focusing and steering integrated architecture, characterized in that... It includes: a single-piece transparent ferrule substrate (10), which is formed into an integral structure by one-time injection molding of optical grade transparent material; a 45° freeform surface lens (20) is provided at the rear end of the ferrule substrate (10), which is an integral structure with the ferrule substrate (10) and is used to simultaneously realize the 90° optical path reversal of the beam and the focusing or collimation of the beam; a planar optical entrance window (30) is provided on the top surface of the ferrule substrate (10), which is used to allow the beam to enter from the vertical direction. The ferrule is inserted into the interior of the ferrule substrate (10), and the planar optical incident window (30) is not provided with an independent lens; the light-emitting end of the ferrule substrate (10) is provided with a mechanical alignment structure (40), which is used to position and cooperate with the existing MOI standard interface; the rear end of the ferrule substrate (10) is provided with an optical fiber assembly (60), which is fixed on the rear end assembly structure of the ferrule substrate (10) by means of insertion, bonding or crimping, so that the end face of the optical fiber and the 45° freeform surface lens (20) maintain a predetermined positional relationship; After the light beam enters the ferrule substrate (10) through the planar optical incident window (30), it is reflected at the 45° freeform lens (20) and its propagation direction is changed. At the same time, the light beam is focused or collimated by the aspherical lens, thereby realizing the optical signal coupling between the optical chip and the optical fiber. The 45° freeform lens constitutes a single integrated optical structure in the co-packaged optical interface that undertakes the optical path control function.

2. The co-packaged optical interface based on a single-lens focusing and steering integrated architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The 45° freeform lens (20) has a tilt angle of 45° or a predetermined angle close to 45°, so that the incident beam achieves a 90° optical path reversal at the 45° freeform lens (20); the 45° freeform lens (20) is the only optical structure in the co-packaged optical interface that undertakes at least two of the optical path control functions of focusing, collimation and reversal; the planar optical incident window (30) only serves as the beam incident or outgoing channel and does not undertake the independent lens imaging function; the 45° freeform lens (20) is tilted relative to the main propagation direction of the incident light so that the incident light is reversed at the 45° freeform lens (20) and propagates in a second direction different from the incident direction; the 45° freeform lens (20) achieves optical path reversal through total internal reflection or reflective coating; the 45° freeform lens is a multi-channel lens array structure, used to correspond to multiple optical signal channels respectively.

3. A co-packaged optical interface based on a single-lens focusing and steering integrated architecture as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The surface shape of the 45° freeform lens (20) is an aspherical curved surface structure, and its curvature parameters are used to focus or collimate the light beam; the surface shape parameters of the 45° freeform lens (20) include at least one of the radius of curvature, conic coefficient and higher-order aspherical coefficient, which are used to correct at least one of spherical aberration, coma and field curvature during the optical path turning process.

4. A co-packaged optical interface based on a single-lens focusing and steering integrated architecture as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The mechanical alignment structure (40) includes one or more of a guide post, a positioning hole, a guide groove, a limiting surface, and a plug-in mating part; the mechanical alignment structure (40) is disposed on the side of the ferrule base (10) to form a plug-in positioning mating with the MOI base, and to ensure the relative positional accuracy between the 45° freeform surface lens (20) and the chip-side light-emitting / light-receiving area and the optical axis on the fiber side.

5. A co-packaged optical interface based on a single-lens focusing and steering integrated architecture as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the ferrule substrate (10) is provided with a locking structure (50), which is used to realize a pluggable connection with the MOI interface; the ferrule substrate (10) is made of at least one optical grade transparent material selected from cyclic olefin polymer, polyetherimide or polymethyl methacrylate.

6. A method for manufacturing a co-packaged optical interface based on a single-lens focusing and steering integrated architecture, characterized in that... It includes the following steps: S1. Based on the chip-side light emission or light reception characteristics, the number of target coupling channels, the target working distance, and the fiber-side coupling requirements, perform optical design on the aspherical curved lens to determine the surface parameters used to simultaneously achieve optical path steering and beam focusing or collimation. S2. Based on the surface shape parameters of the aspherical curved lens and the overall structural parameters of the ferrule substrate, establish an integrated molding model of the ferrule substrate, the planar optical window, the mechanical alignment structure, and the aspherical curved lens. S3. Process a molding mold according to the integrated molding model, and form a cavity in the mold for molding the ferrule base body, the planar optical window, the mechanical alignment structure and the aspherical curved lens; S4. Inject optical-grade transparent material into the molding mold, and obtain a single-piece transparent ferrule substrate through a one-time molding process, so that the aspherical curved lens, the planar optical window and the mechanical alignment structure are integrally formed with the ferrule substrate. S5. Demolding, cooling and shaping, and annealing are performed on the molded core substrate to reduce residual internal stress and improve optical stability. S6. Perform dimensional accuracy, optical surface accuracy and surface quality inspection on the ferrule substrate; S7. Assemble and fix the optical fiber assembly with the ferrule substrate to obtain the co-encapsulated optical interface; In step S1, the optical design includes establishing a chip-side beam propagation model, a ferrule internal propagation model, and an optical fiber-side coupling model. By adjusting at least one of the tilt angle, radius of curvature, conic coefficient, and higher-order aspherical coefficient of the aspherical curved lens, the beam is turned at the aspherical curved lens to form an outgoing or incoming beam spot that meets the target coupling requirements. In step S2, in the integrated molding model, the planar optical window is set as a planar area without an independent lens structure, and the mechanical alignment structure is set as one or more of the guide post, positioning hole, guide groove, and locking structure that are compatible with the MOI standard interface.

7. The manufacturing method of a co-packaged optical interface based on a single-lens focusing and steering integrated architecture according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S3, the cavity in the forming mold used to form the aspherical curved lens is formed by one or more processes such as single-point diamond turning, ultra-precision cutting, precision grinding, and electrical discharge machining; the forming mold includes a main cavity for forming the ferrule substrate body, a planar cavity for forming the planar optical window, an alignment cavity for forming the mechanical alignment structure, and an oblique optical cavity for forming the tilted aspherical curved lens.

8. The manufacturing method of a co-packaged optical interface based on a single-lens focusing and steering integrated architecture according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S4, the one-time molding process is injection molding. During the injection molding process, the barrel temperature, mold temperature, injection pressure, holding pressure, holding time, and cooling time are controlled to ensure the surface shape replication accuracy of the aspherical curved lens, the flatness of the planar optical window, and the positional accuracy of the mechanical alignment structure.

9. A manufacturing method for a co-packaged optical interface based on a single-lens focusing and steering integrated architecture according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S5, the annealing process involves placing the formed ferrule substrate in a constant temperature environment below the material's heat distortion temperature for a predetermined time and then slowly cooling it down to release the forming stress and reduce birefringence and optical distortion.

10. A manufacturing method for a co-packaged optical interface based on a single-lens focusing and steering integrated architecture according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S6, the detection includes: detecting the flatness and surface roughness of the planar optical window; detecting the surface shape deviation and surface roughness of the aspherical curved lens; and detecting the positional accuracy, dimensional tolerance, and relative positional accuracy of the mechanical alignment structure with the optical functional surface.

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