Intelligent method and system for non-vibration demolition of concrete tower

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of concrete tower demolition, and discloses a concrete tower non-vibration intelligent demolition method and system, which comprises the following steps: S1, constructing a BIM three-dimensional model containing the geometric and mechanical properties of the concrete tower body to be demolished, and performing dynamic simulation of the whole demolition process; S2, calibrating the cutting line and the lifting point coordinates planned in the BIM model to the corresponding parts of the entity tower body; S3, installing a self-adaptive ring cutting system at the cutting section according to the calibrated position, and installing a lifting point composite protection structure at the lifting point position, and connecting an intelligent hoisting device; S4, the BIM model sends the cutting parameters to the self-adaptive ring cutting system, and drives it to complete the closed-loop synchronous cutting of the current section; S5, collecting and returning the operation data to the BIM model in real time, and visually monitoring and safety evaluating the demolition state. The present application changes the concrete tower demolition operation from the traditional mode relying on artificial experience to the intelligent collaborative operation driven by digital twin, and realizes safe, accurate and efficient non-vibration demolition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of concrete tower demolition technology, and in particular to a vibration-free intelligent demolition method and system for concrete towers. Background Technology

[0002] Concrete is the most widely used building material in modern construction engineering. It is mainly composed of cement, coarse and fine aggregates (such as sand and gravel), and water mixed in a certain proportion and hardened through a hydration reaction. Its raw materials are readily available, and products with different strengths and properties can be made by adjusting the mix proportions. Concrete has characteristics such as high compressive strength, good durability, and strong plasticity, and is widely used in the structural main body of various civil engineering projects such as houses, bridges, roads, and dams. It is the basic material for constructing the framework of modern cities. From the actual situation of concrete tower demolition projects in China, the vast majority of projects adopt blasting demolition technology, while non-blasting segmented demolition technology is less commonly used.

[0003] Existing blasting demolition methods cause serious environmental pollution, while the application rate of non-blasting segmented demolition technology is low. Therefore, developing new demolition technologies to reduce construction costs and accelerate project progress is of great practical significance. To this end, we propose a vibration-free intelligent demolition method and system for concrete towers. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a vibration-free intelligent demolition method and system for concrete towers to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: In the first aspect, this application provides a vibration-free intelligent demolition method for concrete towers, comprising the following steps: S1. Construct a high-precision BIM 3D model containing the geometric and mechanical properties of the concrete tower to be demolished, and perform dynamic simulation of the entire demolition process in the model to automatically generate an optimized scheme including cutting segments, hoisting path, hoisting point position and process sequence. S2. Using the on-site measurement and positioning system, accurately mark the cutting lines and lifting point coordinates planned in the BIM model to the corresponding parts of the physical tower body; S3. Based on the calibrated position, install an adaptive ring cutting system on the cutting section, and install a composite protective structure at the lifting point position, and connect it to the intelligent lifting equipment; S4. The BIM model sends the cutting parameters to the adaptive ring cutting system, driving it to complete the closed-loop synchronous cutting of the current segment; after the cutting is completed, the hoisting command is immediately sent to the intelligent hoisting system, driving it to smoothly lift the separation tower segment away in a multi-point synchronous mode. S5. Collect and transmit work data to the BIM model in real time, drive the digital twin update, perform visual monitoring and safety assessment of the demolition status, and dynamically optimize subsequent work instructions based on feedback until demolition is completed.

[0006] Preferably, in step S2, the precise calibration specifically involves: obtaining on-site point cloud data and BIM model calibration through three-dimensional laser scanning, and using intelligent layout equipment to convert the coordinates of the cutting loop into a visible laser projection, which is then directly projected onto the surface of the tower.

[0007] Preferably, in step S3, the installation and fixing process of the adaptive ring cutting system includes: automatically adjusting the length of multiple radial support arms according to the tower curvature data provided by the BIM model, so that the plane of a ring guide rail is aligned with the theoretical cutting surface and locked.

[0008] Preferably, in step S3, when installing the composite protective structure at the suspension point, the locking force is set and applied based on the local pressure analysis results of the suspension point area in the BIM model.

[0009] Preferably, in step S4, a flexible anti-fall and debris collection device is simultaneously deployed below the cutting seam during the annular cutting operation.

[0010] Preferably, in step S4, when the intelligent hoisting system operates in multi-point synchronous mode, it dynamically adjusts the output of the hoist by comparing the sensor data of each hoisting point with the theoretical trajectory issued by BIM in real time, so as to maintain the preset posture of the hoisted object.

[0011] Preferably, in step S5, the dynamic optimization includes: adjusting the hoisting acceleration of subsequent segments based on the measured tower vibration data during the previous segment hoisting process.

[0012] In the second aspect, this application provides a vibration-free intelligent demolition system for concrete towers, including: a BIM intelligent planning and monitoring platform, a high-precision positioning and measurement unit, an adaptive ring cutting unit, an intelligent synchronous hoisting unit, and a composite protection and collection unit; The BIM intelligent planning and monitoring platform serves as the central controller, connecting to the local controllers of each execution unit via a standard industrial data interface.

[0013] Preferably, the composite protection and collection unit includes a suspension point composite protection structure and a debris collection device; The composite protective structure for the suspension points includes an arc-shaped pressure plate that fits against the curved surface of the tower, an elastic damping layer located inside the pressure plate, and a self-locking anchoring mechanism.

[0014] Preferably, the standard industrial data interface adopts a real-time communication protocol based on Ethernet, and the data exchanged between the BIM platform and each unit controller is encapsulated in a structured data format.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this technical solution compared to existing technologies are as follows: (1) This invention constructs a high-precision BIM model that integrates geometric and mechanical properties, and performs dynamic simulation of the entire demolition process within it. It automatically generates optimized schemes including cutting segments, hoisting paths, hoisting point positions, and process sequence, achieving pre-simulation and optimization of the demolition process. Subsequently, using 3D laser scanning and intelligent layout technology, the digital scheme is accurately mapped onto the physical structure, guiding the collaborative operation of the adaptive ring cutting system and the intelligent hoisting system. Simultaneously, through real-time data acquisition and digital twin updates, it achieves visualized monitoring and dynamic safety assessment of the demolition status, and continuously optimizes subsequent instructions based on feedback. This method transforms traditional experience-based demolition operations into data-driven, model-guided intelligent engineering, effectively avoiding risks such as human error, cutting misalignment, and asynchronous hoisting, ensuring structural stability and operational safety during the demolition process.

[0016] (2) This system takes the BIM intelligent platform as its core and integrates multiple units such as high-precision measurement, adaptive cutting, intelligent hoisting, and composite protection collection. It realizes real-time data interaction and collaborative control between the units through a standard industrial interface. This method not only realizes the synchronization and automation of cutting and hoisting operations, reducing process intervals and human intervention, but also dynamically adjusts operation parameters based on real-time monitored vibration, load, and other data, possessing good environmental adaptability and process optimization capabilities. Compared with traditional blasting or segmented manual demolition methods, this invention significantly improves the overall efficiency and engineering quality of demolition operations while ensuring vibration-free, low-noise, and low-dust operation, and is suitable for concrete tower demolition projects in various complex environments. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 Provided for the present invention; Detailed Implementation The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: The core of this invention is an intelligent engineering equipment integration system based on a closed-loop "perception-decision-execution" process. The system's central hub is a BIM intelligent planning and monitoring platform, which acts as the central brain and collaborates with four key on-site intelligent execution units: a high-precision positioning and measurement unit, an adaptive ring cutting unit, an intelligent synchronous hoisting unit, and a composite protection and data collection unit. All these units are connected to the central platform via a real-time industrial Ethernet network, forming a tightly integrated, two-way data-flowing system.

[0018] The entire demolition process begins with intelligent modeling and simulation planning. First, the original design drawings, as-built survey reports, and structural inspection data of the concrete tower to be demolished are collected. A high-precision 3D model, including accurate geometric dimensions, material properties, and internal reinforcement layout, is then constructed using BIM modeling software. Subsequently, this model is imported into finite element analysis software via the IFC standard interface, integrating key mechanical properties such as the concrete's elastic modulus, standard values ​​of compressive strength, and design values ​​of bending moment and shear force at each key section. This forms a "static baseline BIM model" that combines geometric and mechanical information. These integrated mechanical properties form the physical basis for all subsequent intelligent decisions. For example, the concrete's elastic modulus and compressive strength directly affect the accuracy of calculating cutting stress release and structural deformation under lifting loads in the simulation; while the design values ​​of bending moment and shear force at key sections are the core basis for determining the cutting segment locations (preferably at locations with smaller bending moments) and assessing the safety of the remaining tower structure after the lifting points are set. Based on this model, a dynamic simulation of the entire demolition process is conducted on the BIM platform. The simulation process follows an optimization principle that prioritizes maximizing the overall structural stability and safety factor, with minimizing the estimated total construction period as a secondary objective, while comprehensively considering constraints such as hoisting equipment capacity and operating space. To achieve this multi-objective optimization, the platform employs intelligent iterative algorithms such as genetic algorithms and simulated annealing algorithms. The algorithms use the segment height and lifting point coordinates as variables, searching within a solution space that satisfies multiple constraints such as structural stress and lifting weight. Through iterative simulation, they automatically find one or more optimal Pareto solutions, which are then selected by the decision-maker for the final implementation plan. Through iterative calculations, the platform automatically outputs an optimal dismantling plan, which clearly defines the segmentation, the three-dimensional lifting path for each segment, the precise coordinates of each lifting point, and the detailed sequence of procedures, serving as the "master script" for all subsequent operations.

[0019] Following this, high-precision digital layout and calibration are performed. At the construction site, a 3D laser scanner is used to acquire millimeter-precision point cloud data of the tower structure, and specialized software is used to automatically register and calibrate this data with the aforementioned "static benchmark BIM model." This automatic registration process typically employs a technical workflow based on the Iterative Closest Point Algorithm and its variants. First, the software automatically identifies and extracts common feature points (such as window corners, structural joints, and equipment brackets) between the point cloud and the BIM model, achieving coarse registration. Then, using the ICP algorithm, the overall distance error between the point cloud and the model surface is minimized, achieving millimeter-precision fine registration, thus generating a "calibrated precise BIM model" that perfectly matches the physical entity's spatial location. The BIM platform generates a construction positioning file from the planned cutting lines and lifting point coordinates in this model and transmits it to an intelligent layout robot. Based on the received coordinates, the robot automatically controls a laser emitter to project a bright annular cutting guide laser beam and a crosshair positioning laser line with a width not exceeding 5 millimeters onto the tower surface, achieving a precise and efficient mapping from digital coordinates to physical space.

[0020] Next comes the installation and configuration of the intelligent equipment. The installation of the adaptive ring cutting unit is crucial at this stage. Its core is an adjustable-diameter ring support rail and multiple radially telescopic support arms. During installation, the ring rail is initially fitted onto the marked cutting line position on the tower body. The system reads the tower curvature data provided by the BIM model at that location and automatically controls the extension of each support arm. Each support arm is equipped with an adaptive curved surface clamp and a pressure sensor. When the clamp is fully in contact with the concrete surface and the pressure at each point reaches the preset tightening threshold, all support arms automatically and mechanically lock, forming a rigidly fixed ring-shaped working platform that is strictly parallel to the theoretical cutting surface. Afterwards, multiple water drill bits are installed onto the traveling trolley of the guide rail. The selection of the water drill bits is determined based on the concrete strength, aggregate hardness, and cutting efficiency requirements. Typically, high-power, high-speed diamond thin-walled drill bit units are selected to ensure a smooth cutting surface and control vibration. The deployment of the cutting unit is then complete. Simultaneously, a composite protective structure for the lifting points is installed at the lifting points. The structure consists of an arc-shaped pressure-bearing plate that conforms to the curved surface of the tower, an elastic damping layer adhered to the inner side of the plate, and a self-locking anchoring mechanism. The self-locking anchoring mechanism employs internally expanding hydraulic anchors or wedge-type clamps. For example, after reaching the preset oil pressure, the internal wedge block of the hydraulic anchor generates significant frictional force under the mechanical self-locking angle, achieving anchoring. Even after the pressure is released, it remains locked, ensuring safety and reliability. During installation, based on the recommended locking torque value given by the BIM platform based on finite element local pressure analysis, a torque feedback tool is used for tightening to ensure a secure connection without damaging the concrete. Finally, the slings of the intelligent lifting unit are reliably connected to the protective structure.

[0021] After preparation, the data-driven closed-loop collaborative operation phase begins. The first step is synchronous circular cutting. The BIM platform sends cutting commands, including parameters such as start and end angles, feed rate, and drill bit speed, to the programmable logic controller (PLC) of the cutting unit. The PLC drives all water drill heads to start synchronously on the circular guide rail, moving in the same direction and at the same speed. The cooling water system is simultaneously activated to suppress dust and form mud. The cooling water system is equipped with flow and pressure control, maintaining a water pressure of no less than 0.5 MPa, and matching the flow rate to the cutting speed to ensure effective cooling of the drill bit, dust suppression, and smooth flushing of debris to form manageable mud. To ensure the formation of a continuous and complete circular separation seam, the cutting trajectories of adjacent drill heads have an overlap of at least 50 mm. Simultaneously, a flexible fall arrestor and debris collection device, pre-deployed below the cutting surface, deploys synchronously to catch all falling debris and mud and guide them to a ground collection box. After cutting is completed, the system immediately triggers intelligent synchronous hoisting. The BIM platform sends a lifting instruction package for the tower section to the main controller of the lifting unit. This package contains a preset spatial trajectory, velocity curve, and theoretical load distribution for each lifting point. During lifting, high-precision force sensors and laser displacement sensors at each lifting point collect data at a frequency of at least 100 Hz. The main controller's built-in synchronous control algorithm calculates the deviation between the measured and theoretical values ​​in real time. The core logic of this synchronous control algorithm is based on the principle of adaptive fuzzy PID control. The algorithm first performs Kalman filtering fusion on the data from multiple sensors to obtain an accurate estimate of the lifting object's attitude. Then, based on the magnitude and trend of the load deviation (ΔF) and displacement deviation (ΔS), it dynamically adjusts the proportional, integral, and derivative parameters of the PID controller and generates a feedforward compensation signal. For example, when a continuous slight asynchrony occurs, the integral action is strengthened to eliminate steady-state error; when a sudden large deviation occurs, the proportional and derivative actions are rapidly increased to quickly correct the deviation. If the load deviation at any lifting point exceeds 10% or the displacement is out of sync by more than 10 mm, the algorithm immediately outputs an adjustment signal, dynamically adjusting the flow rate of the corresponding hydraulic lifter through the electro-hydraulic proportional valve, so that the tower section posture quickly returns to the preset trajectory, achieving stable and synchronous lifting.

[0022] The entire demolition process is an iterative cycle of feedback optimization. All real-time data collected during the operation is transmitted back to the BIM platform. The platform's digital twin engine uses this data to drive the "calibrated and accurate BIM model" to update its status. The digital twin engine technology is a data synchronization mechanism based on a unified timestamp. The engine receives real-time data streams through a dedicated data interface and, according to predefined mapping rules (such as a sensor ID corresponding to a certain attribute of a component in the model), drives the real-time updating of the status (position, stress cloud map color, deformation) of the corresponding components in the virtual model. For example, the lifting point position moves in three-dimensional space with the measured displacement, or the color of the tower component changes according to the strain value, thereby generating a "dynamic digital twin" synchronized with the physical site. Operators can intuitively monitor the overall situation through this twin, and the system also automatically performs safety threshold comparisons and early warnings. The platform performs dynamic optimization based on the post-evaluation of the data from each cycle of operation. The optimization logic is not limited to the lifting process. For example, the system can monitor the current value of the cutting head spindle. If the current remains high, it indicates that the concrete has high local hardness. The system will then automatically fine-tune and reduce the cutting feed speed in that area to protect the drill bit and ensure the quality of the cut surface. For example, if analysis reveals that the tower vibration acceleration is close to the safety limit during the hoisting of the previous segment, the optimization algorithm will automatically lower the preset hoisting acceleration value for the next segment and inject the optimized parameters into the instructions for the next work cycle, allowing the system to continuously self-adjust in practice.

[0023] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge such as specific technical solutions and / or characteristics are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical solutions of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A vibration-free intelligent demolition method for concrete towers, characterized by: Includes the following steps: S1. Construct a high-precision BIM 3D model containing the geometric and mechanical properties of the concrete tower to be demolished, and perform dynamic simulation of the entire demolition process in the model to automatically generate an optimized scheme including cutting segments, hoisting path, hoisting point position and process sequence. S2. Using the on-site measurement and positioning system, accurately mark the cutting lines and lifting point coordinates planned in the BIM model to the corresponding parts of the physical tower body; S3. Based on the calibrated position, install an adaptive ring cutting system on the cutting section, and install a composite protective structure at the lifting point position, and connect it to the intelligent lifting equipment; S4. The BIM model sends the cutting parameters to the adaptive ring cutting system, driving it to complete the closed-loop synchronous cutting of the current segment. After the cutting is completed, the hoisting command is immediately sent to the intelligent hoisting system, which drives it to smoothly lift the separation tower section away in a multi-point synchronous mode; S5. Collect and transmit work data to the BIM model in real time, drive the digital twin update, perform visual monitoring and safety assessment of the demolition status, and dynamically optimize subsequent work instructions based on feedback until demolition is completed.

2. The vibration-free intelligent demolition method for concrete towers as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the precise calibration specifically involves: obtaining on-site point cloud data and calibrating the BIM model through three-dimensional laser scanning, and using intelligent layout equipment to convert the coordinates of the cutting loop into a visible laser projection, which is then directly projected onto the surface of the tower.

3. The vibration-free intelligent demolition method for concrete towers as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the installation and fixing process of the adaptive ring cutting system includes: automatically adjusting the length of multiple radial support arms according to the tower curvature data provided by the BIM model, so that the plane of a ring guide rail is aligned with the theoretical cutting surface and locked.

4. The vibration-free intelligent demolition method for concrete towers as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, when installing the composite protective structure at the suspension point, the locking force is set and applied based on the local pressure analysis results of the suspension point area in the BIM model.

5. The vibration-free intelligent demolition method for concrete towers as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, while the circular cutting operation is underway, a flexible anti-fall and debris collection device is simultaneously deployed below the cutting seam.

6. The vibration-free intelligent demolition method for concrete towers as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, when the intelligent hoisting system operates in multi-point synchronous mode, it dynamically adjusts the output of the hoist by comparing the sensor data of each hoisting point with the theoretical trajectory issued by BIM in real time, so as to maintain the preset posture of the hoisted object.

7. The vibration-free intelligent demolition method for concrete towers as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the dynamic optimization includes: adjusting the hoisting acceleration of subsequent segments based on the measured tower vibration data during the previous segment hoisting process.

8. A vibration-free intelligent demolition system for concrete towers, applied to the vibration-free intelligent demolition method for concrete towers as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, include: BIM intelligent planning and monitoring platform, high-precision positioning and measurement unit, adaptive ring cutting unit, intelligent synchronous hoisting unit, and composite protection and collection unit; The BIM intelligent planning and monitoring platform serves as the central controller, connecting to the local controllers of each execution unit via a standard industrial data interface.

9. The vibration-free intelligent demolition system for concrete towers as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The composite protection and collection unit includes a suspension point composite protection structure and a debris collection device; The composite protective structure for the suspension points includes an arc-shaped pressure plate that fits against the curved surface of the tower, an elastic damping layer located inside the pressure plate, and a self-locking anchoring mechanism.

10. The vibration-free intelligent demolition system for concrete towers as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The standard industrial data interface adopts a real-time communication protocol based on Ethernet, and the data exchanged between the BIM platform and each unit controller is encapsulated in a structured data format.

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