Photovoltaic sunken ridge greenhouse with seasonal light control and temperature regulation

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of greenhouse engineering and photovoltaic technology, and provides a photovoltaic gutter continuous ridge greenhouse for seasonal light control and temperature regulation, wherein the continuous odd greenhouse units and even greenhouse units are connected along the north-south direction through a gutter area; a light control and temperature regulation system is arranged at the top area of the inner side of the continuous ridge greenhouse, and is used for adjusting the light area and the reflected light path of the odd greenhouse units and the even greenhouse units; and a heat storage and release photovoltaic system is arranged in the gutter area, and is used for supplying heat and power for the continuous ridge greenhouse. In summer, the light control and temperature regulation system adjusts the light area of the greenhouse by using a reflective heat preservation cover, and reflects part of the light to the heat storage and release photovoltaic system for power generation; in winter, the transmitted light enters the photovoltaic gutter continuous ridge greenhouse through the light control and temperature regulation system during the day, and the light environment is optimized, and the heat storage and release photovoltaic system supplies heat and power for the greenhouse at night.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of greenhouse engineering and photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a seasonally controlled light and temperature-regulating photovoltaic gutter greenhouse. Background Technology

[0002] Multi-span greenhouses are large-scale facilities used for crop cultivation in modern agriculture. Solar energy, as their core energy source, not only provides the greenhouse with the necessary heat energy but is also an indispensable key element for crop photosynthesis.

[0003] The "photovoltaic + agriculture" model is an effective way to break through the bottlenecks in the development of the photovoltaic industry. As a mainstream facility form in modern agriculture, multi-span greenhouses typically use glass for the gutter areas between adjacent greenhouse units. Photovoltaic gutter multi-span greenhouse technology partially replaces the glass, PC panels, plastic film, and other covering materials of traditional greenhouses with photovoltaic modules, or adopts other forms that are integrated with the greenhouse structure. This achieves the organic integration of greenhouse crop production and photovoltaic power generation, providing a new direction for the coordinated development of agriculture and the energy industry.

[0004] However, the current development of the photovoltaic gutter greenhouse industry still faces core technical challenges: greenhouse crop production and photovoltaic power generation have an inherent competitive relationship in terms of space occupation and light resource utilization. Determining the balance point of light energy distribution between the two and building a revenue coordination mechanism, as well as the different needs of greenhouses in winter and summer, have always been key issues restricting the development of the industry. Existing technologies are unable to properly solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a seasonally controlled light and temperature photovoltaic gutter greenhouse to solve the problems of different light and heat requirements of crops in winter and summer and day and night in existing multi-span greenhouses, as well as the inherent competitive relationship between greenhouse crop production and photovoltaic power generation in terms of space occupation and light resource utilization, which restricts the development of the industry.

[0006] According to the present invention, a seasonally controlled light and temperature photovoltaic gutter greenhouse includes: a continuous number of odd-numbered greenhouse units and an even-numbered greenhouse unit, wherein the even-numbered greenhouse units and the odd-numbered greenhouse units are connected along a north-south direction through a gutter area; a light and temperature control system is disposed in the inner top area of ​​the greenhouse unit for adjusting the light-receiving area and reflected light path of the odd-numbered and even-numbered greenhouse units; and a heat storage and release photovoltaic system is disposed in the gutter area for providing heat and electricity to the greenhouse unit.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the top of both the odd-numbered greenhouse units and the even-numbered greenhouse units includes: a first top surface and a second top surface; the inclination angle of the first top surface is greater than the inclination angle of the second top surface.

[0008] Specifically, this embodiment provides an implementation method for odd-numbered greenhouse units and even-numbered greenhouse units.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the light control and temperature regulation system includes: two reflective insulation blankets, the two reflective insulation blankets respectively corresponding to the arrangement of the odd-numbered greenhouse units and the even-numbered greenhouse units; two guiding mechanisms, respectively disposed on the inner top of the odd-numbered greenhouse units and the even-numbered greenhouse units, for providing directional guidance for the unwinding or winding of the reflective insulation blankets; and a driving mechanism, connected to the two reflective insulation blankets respectively by traction ropes bypassing the guiding mechanisms, for providing traction for the unwinding or winding of the reflective insulation blankets.

[0010] Specifically, this embodiment provides an implementation of a reflective thermal insulation blanket, a guiding mechanism, and a driving mechanism.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the driving mechanism includes: a first drive shaft disposed at the end of the odd-numbered greenhouse unit away from the even-numbered greenhouse unit and extending along the east-west direction; a second drive shaft disposed on the lower side of the gutter area on the side of the odd-numbered greenhouse unit near the even-numbered greenhouse unit, and spaced apart from the first drive shaft on both sides of the same greenhouse; a third drive shaft disposed in the gutter area and spaced apart from the second drive shaft; a fourth drive shaft disposed at the end of the even-numbered greenhouse unit away from the odd-numbered greenhouse unit and extending along the east-west direction; and a first motor disposed at the end of the odd-numbered greenhouse unit on the side of the gutter area away from the even-numbered greenhouse unit, and the output shaft of the first motor is connected to the first drive shaft for powering the... The system provides power for spreading the reflective insulation blanket; a second motor is located at the end of the gutter area on the side of the odd-numbered greenhouse unit near the even-numbered greenhouse unit, and the output shaft of the second motor is connected to the other end of the second drive shaft opposite to the first motor, for providing power for rolling up the reflective insulation blanket; a gear assembly is connected to the first drive shaft, the second drive shaft, the third drive shaft, and the fourth drive shaft respectively, for realizing power transmission between the first motor and the second motor; wherein, one end of one reflective insulation blanket is connected to the first drive shaft via a traction rope, and the other end is connected to the second drive shaft via a traction rope; one end of another reflective insulation blanket is connected to the third drive shaft via a traction rope, and the other end is connected to the fourth drive shaft via a traction rope.

[0012] Specifically, this embodiment provides an implementation method for a drive mechanism.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the gear assembly includes: a first gear connected to the first drive shaft; a second gear connected to the second drive shaft and disposed on the opposite side of the first gear; a third gear connected to the third drive shaft and disposed on the same side as the first gear; a fourth gear connected to the fourth drive shaft and disposed on the same side as the second gear; a first transmission chain meshing with the first gear and the third gear respectively; and a second transmission chain meshing with the second gear and the fourth gear respectively.

[0014] Specifically, this embodiment provides an implementation method for a gear assembly.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the lengths of the first transmission chain and the second transmission chain satisfy the following formula: L=2(D+π R0) Wherein, L is the length of the first transmission chain or the second transmission chain; D is the span of the odd-numbered greenhouse unit or the even-numbered greenhouse unit; R0 is the radius of the first transmission shaft and the second transmission shaft, or the radius of the third transmission shaft and the fourth transmission shaft.

[0016] Specifically, this embodiment provides an implementation of a first transmission chain and a second transmission chain.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the reflective insulation blanket includes: an insulation layer; a first reflective layer disposed on the surface of the insulation layer near the top of the greenhouse; and a second reflective layer disposed on the surface of the insulation layer away from the top of the greenhouse; wherein the first reflective layer is a specular reflective layer; and the second reflective layer is a specular reflective layer or a diffuse reflective layer.

[0018] Specifically, this embodiment provides an implementation method for a reflective thermal insulation blanket.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the heat storage and release photovoltaic system includes: a photovoltaic cell disposed on the side of the gutter area closer to the external environment, for converting solar energy into electrical energy required by the odd-numbered greenhouse units and the even-numbered greenhouse units; and a heat storage and temperature regulation unit disposed on the surface of the photovoltaic cell away from the external environment, for cooling the photovoltaic cell and heat preservation of the greenhouse.

[0020] Specifically, this embodiment provides an implementation method for a photovoltaic cell and a thermal storage and temperature regulation unit.

[0021] According to one embodiment of the present invention, it further includes: a heating pipe disposed on the side of the corresponding planting area within the odd-numbered greenhouse units and the even-numbered greenhouse units.

[0022] Specifically, this embodiment provides an implementation method for a heat-increasing pipe, which involves setting up the heat-increasing pipe.

[0023] According to one embodiment of the present invention, it further includes: supplementary lighting, which is disposed on the top of the corresponding planting areas in the odd-numbered greenhouse units and the even-numbered greenhouse units.

[0024] Specifically, this embodiment provides an implementation method for a supplementary lighting lamp.

[0025] The above-mentioned one or more technical solutions of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects: The present invention provides a seasonal light-controlled and temperature-regulating photovoltaic gutter greenhouse, which, by setting up odd-numbered and even-numbered greenhouse units in a row and setting up a light-controlled and temperature-regulating system, realizes the adjustment of the light-transmitting area of ​​the odd-numbered and even-numbered greenhouse units, so as to meet the light requirements of plants in different seasons and at different times. At the same time, the heat storage and release photovoltaic system is set in the gutter area between the odd-numbered and even-numbered greenhouse units, which can realize the temperature regulation within the odd-numbered and even-numbered greenhouse units, ensuring the temperature requirements for normal plant growth, thereby achieving a balance of light and temperature throughout the day.

[0026] Furthermore, in summer, the light control and temperature regulation system uses reflective insulation blankets to adjust the greenhouse's light-receiving area and reflects some light to the heat storage and release photovoltaic system for power generation; in winter, during the day, transmitted light enters the photovoltaic gutter greenhouse through the light control and temperature regulation system and optimizes the lighting environment, while at night the heat storage and release photovoltaic system provides insulation, heating, and electricity to the greenhouse. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the operating principle of daytime sunlight in winter for a multi-span greenhouse according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the operating principle of the summer morning and evening sunlight for a multi-span greenhouse according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the operating principle of photovoltaic cells concentrating sunlight during the summer daytime in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal structure of the thermal insulation quilt driving mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a top view of the thermal insulation quilt driving mechanism of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rolled-up state of the reflective thermal insulation blanket according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the operating principle of midday sunlight in winter according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the summer morning and evening reflection in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reflective thermal insulation blanket of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the lower diffuse reflection structure in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the daytime and nighttime operation principle of the heat storage and temperature regulation unit in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the supplementary lighting lamp for summer nights in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the nighttime supplementary lighting in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0041] Figure label: 10. Odd-numbered greenhouse units; 20. Even-numbered greenhouse units; 30. Reflective thermal insulation blanket; 31. Thermal insulation layer; 32. First reflective layer; 33. Second reflective layer; 40. Guiding mechanism; 50. Drive mechanism; 51. First drive shaft; 52. Second drive shaft; 53. Third drive shaft; 54. Fourth drive shaft; 55. First motor; 56. Second motor; 57. Gear assembly; 571. First gear; 572. Second gear; 573. Third gear; 574. Fourth gear; 575. First transmission chain; 576. Second transmission chain; 60. Photovoltaic cells; 70. Heat storage and temperature regulation unit; 80. Gutter area; 90. First top surface; 100. Second top surface; 110. Heating pipes; 120. Fill light. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Furthermore, odd-numbered and even-numbered greenhouses are only used to refer to two adjacent greenhouses and do not limit the specific number of connected greenhouses. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0044] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.

[0045] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 11 As shown, a seasonally controlled light and temperature photovoltaic gutter greenhouse is provided, comprising a north-south direction and an east-west direction perpendicular to each other. The photovoltaic gutter greenhouse includes: an even-numbered greenhouse unit 10 and an even-numbered greenhouse unit 20, with at least the top being a light-receiving area, and the even-numbered greenhouse unit 20 and the odd-numbered greenhouse unit 10 are connected along the north-south direction through a gutter area 80; a light and temperature control system is installed in the inner top area of ​​the greenhouse to adjust the light-receiving area of ​​the odd-numbered greenhouse unit 10 and the even-numbered greenhouse unit 20. The system includes a light path for accumulation and reflection; a solar thermal storage and release photovoltaic system, located in the gutter area 80, for providing heat and electricity to the odd-numbered greenhouse units 10 and the even-numbered greenhouse units 20; wherein, a gutter area 80 is formed between the odd-numbered greenhouse units 10 and the even-numbered greenhouse units 20; the light control and temperature regulation system, based on the effect of light reflection, uses solar energy to heat the solar thermal storage and release photovoltaic system, reflecting and converging high-angle sunlight in summer to the temperature control photovoltaic module, thereby converting more light energy into electrical energy and reducing the loss of low-angle weak light in winter due to glass obstruction.

[0046] During the midday hours of summer, the sun's altitude angle is high and solar radiation is strong, requiring shading to cool the greenhouse. Conversely, in winter, the sun's altitude angle is low and solar radiation is weak, necessitating warming and supplemental lighting in the greenhouse crop growing areas. Therefore, achieving a precise balance between greenhouse crop production and photovoltaic power generation in terms of spatial layout and solar energy utilization has become a core technological direction for promoting the high-quality development of the photovoltaic gutter-connected greenhouse industry.

[0047] Furthermore, this invention uses a light-controlling and temperature-regulating system to reduce the area of ​​the light-receiving zone during periods of strong sunlight and high temperature, such as noon or around noon, thus providing a certain degree of shading. At the same time, the light-controlling and temperature-regulating system utilizes light reflection to concentrate sunlight onto the heat storage and release photovoltaic system. The photovoltaic cells convert sunlight into electrical energy, and the heat storage and temperature-regulating unit absorbs and stores heat energy, reducing the temperature of the photovoltaic cells by 60°C, maintaining optimal photoelectric conversion efficiency, and balancing the internal temperature of the greenhouse.

[0048] Furthermore, when plants require more light in winter, the light and temperature control system increases the area of ​​the light-receiving zone to improve the plant's light environment and ensure the light and temperature requirements for normal plant growth. At the same time, the light and temperature control system can use the heat energy converted from solar energy to provide heat for the multi-span greenhouse, ensuring the temperature requirements for normal plant growth, thereby achieving a balance of light and temperature throughout the day.

[0049] Furthermore, during the nighttime hours when there is no sunlight, the light and temperature control system can utilize the electrical energy stored during the day for lighting, thereby improving the light environment for plants.

[0050] Specifically, the top of both the odd-numbered greenhouse units 10 and the even-numbered greenhouse units 20 includes: a first top surface 90 and a second top surface 100; the first top surface 90 and the second top surface 100 are connected to each other to form a triangular structure, and the tilt angle of the first top surface 90 is greater than the tilt angle of the second top surface 100.

[0051] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 As shown, by setting the tops of the odd-numbered greenhouse units 10 and the even-numbered greenhouse units 20 into an asymmetrical structure, that is, the tilt angle of the first top surface 90 is greater than the tilt angle of the second top surface 100, when sunlight shines on the first top surface 90 and the second top surface 100, the light can be better focused on the heat storage and release photovoltaic system through reflection, so as to realize the storage of solar energy by the heat storage and release photovoltaic system.

[0052] For the first top surface 90, when the sun shines brightly at a high solar altitude angle in summer, Fresnel reflection occurs at the first top surface 90, and most of the light is guided to the photovoltaic gutter, while a small amount of light passes through the glass and enters the plant growth area; when the sun shines weakly at a low solar altitude angle in winter, most of the sunlight will pass through the area of ​​the first top surface 90 and enter the plant growth area, providing more light and heat for the plant growth area in winter.

[0053] For the second top surface 100, when strong sunlight shines at a high solar altitude angle in summer, it is reflected, and part of the sunlight is guided to the solar panels in the photovoltaic gutter area. The other part of the sunlight shines through the glass onto the reflective insulation blanket used to block part of the strong summer sunlight. Due to the reflection effect of the reflective layer on the side of the reflective insulation blanket away from the plant growth area, the sunlight is guided to the photovoltaic gutter area to enhance the light intensity of the solar panel area and enhance the utilization of light energy in summer. When weak sunlight shines at a low solar altitude angle in winter, due to the reflection effect of the reflective layer on the side of the reflective insulation blanket closer to the plant growth area, the sunlight is guided to the plant growth area to provide more light and heat for the plant growth area in winter.

[0054] Specifically, the light control and temperature regulation system includes: two reflective insulation blankets 30, which correspond to the odd-numbered greenhouse units 10 and the even-numbered greenhouse units 20 respectively; two guide mechanisms 40, which are respectively set on the top of the odd-numbered greenhouse units 10 and the even-numbered greenhouse units 20, to provide trajectory guidance for the unwinding or winding of the reflective insulation blankets 30; and a drive mechanism 50, which is connected to the two reflective insulation blankets 30 respectively through traction ropes that bypass the guide mechanisms 40, to provide power for the unwinding or winding of the reflective insulation blankets 30.

[0055] Furthermore, by installing reflective insulation blankets 30 in both odd-numbered greenhouse units 10 and even-numbered greenhouse units 20, and by adjusting the unwinding and rewinding of the reflective insulation blankets 30 through the guiding mechanism 40 and the driving mechanism 50, the area of ​​the light-receiving zone of the odd-numbered greenhouse units 10 and even-numbered greenhouse units 20 can be adjusted according to different light and temperature conditions, thereby adjusting the light and temperature environment within the odd-numbered greenhouse units 10 and even-numbered greenhouse units 20.

[0056] It should be noted that the guide mechanism 40 mainly includes a shaft and a fixed bearing. The shaft can roll in place under the action of the fixed bearing. The shaft is set on the top of the odd-numbered greenhouse units 10 and the even-numbered greenhouse units 20. The fixed bearing is set at both ends of the shaft and slides with the traction rope to provide trajectory guidance for the movement of the reflective insulation blanket 30.

[0057] Furthermore, the reflective insulation blanket 30 can be positioned and rolled up according to the direction and angle of sunlight, guiding sunlight to the favorable area. At the same time, it can reduce energy waste, promote the coordinated development of crop production and photovoltaic power generation, take into account both high-efficiency crop production and large-scale photovoltaic power generation, and ultimately achieve dual benefits, which is conducive to the healthy and sustainable development of photovoltaic agriculture.

[0058] like Figure 1 and Figure 7As shown, during the daytime in winter, the solar altitude angle is small. The reflective insulation blanket 30 is tilted and driven by the motor. Part of the reflective insulation blanket 30 is rolled out, basically covering the tilted area on the north side, so that the sunlight on the south side shines directly on the lower reflective surface of the reflective insulation blanket 30. Through light refraction, the light is guided to the plant growth area.

[0059] like Figure 2 As shown, during the daytime in summer, the indoor temperature of the photovoltaic gutter greenhouse is relatively high. Part of the reflective insulation blanket 30 can be deployed to provide shade, thereby reducing the impact of the high temperature inside the greenhouse. At the same time, the reflective insulation blanket 30 can guide the high solar altitude angle sunlight in summer to the heat storage and release photovoltaic system, thereby reducing the waste of sunlight and improving the power generation efficiency.

[0060] like Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown, in the early morning and late evening of summer, before the sun has fully risen and the solar altitude angle is relatively small, similar to the situation during the day in winter, but it should be noted that the direction of the sunlight is from north to south. Driven by the driving mechanism 50, the reflective insulation blanket 30 on the southern half of the greenhouse roof is spread out, and the original light is refracted and guided to the plant growth area.

[0061] Specifically, the drive mechanism 50 includes: a first drive shaft 51, disposed at the end of the odd-numbered greenhouse unit 10 away from the even-numbered greenhouse unit 20, and extending in an east-west direction; a second drive shaft 52, disposed on the lower side of the gutter area 80 on the side of the even-numbered greenhouse unit 20 near the odd-numbered greenhouse unit 10, and spaced apart from the first drive shaft 51 on both sides of the same greenhouse; a third drive shaft 53, disposed in the gutter area 80, and spaced apart from the second drive shaft 52; a fourth drive shaft 54, disposed at the end of the even-numbered greenhouse unit 20 away from the odd-numbered greenhouse unit 10, and extending in an east-west direction; and a first motor 55, disposed at the end of the gutter area 80 on the side of the odd-numbered greenhouse unit 10 away from the even-numbered greenhouse unit 20, and the output shaft of the first motor 55 is connected to the first drive shaft 51 for use in reflective insulation. The first motor 55 provides power for the unfolding of the reflective insulation blanket 30; the second motor 56 is located at the end of the gutter area 80 on the side of the odd-numbered greenhouse unit 10 near the even-numbered greenhouse unit 20, and the output shaft of the second motor 56 is connected to the other end of the second drive shaft 52 opposite to the first motor 55, for providing power for the winding of the reflective insulation blanket 30; the gear assembly 57 is connected to the first drive shaft 51, the second drive shaft 52, the third drive shaft 53 and the fourth drive shaft 54 ​​respectively, for realizing the power transmission of the first motor 55 and the second motor 56; wherein, one end of one reflective insulation blanket 30 is connected to the first drive shaft 51 through a traction rope, and the other end is connected to the second drive shaft 52 through a traction rope; one end of another reflective insulation blanket 30 is connected to the third drive shaft 53 through a traction rope, and the other end is connected to the fourth drive shaft 54 ​​through a traction rope.

[0062] Furthermore, the drive mechanism 50 is designed to include four spaced-apart shafts, namely the first drive shaft 51, the second drive shaft 52, the third drive shaft 53, and the fourth drive shaft 54. The four shafts are respectively located at the two ends of the odd-numbered greenhouse units 10 along the north-south direction and at the two ends of the even-numbered greenhouse units 20 along the north-south direction. At the same time, the two reflective insulation blankets 30 are connected to the four shafts respectively through traction ropes. The distributed configuration of the four shafts provides support for the spreading and unrolling of the two reflective insulation blankets 30.

[0063] Furthermore, the first motor 55 and the second motor 56 provide power for the unwinding and spreading of the reflective insulation blanket 30, respectively, and transmit the power to the four shafts through the gear assembly 57, thereby realizing the spreading and unwinding operations of the reflective insulation blanket 30.

[0064] It should be noted that, in order to enable the rotation of the shaft, the drive mechanism 50 also includes components such as fixed bearings.

[0065] Specifically, the gear assembly 57 includes: a first gear 571 connected to a first drive shaft 51; a second gear 572 connected to a second drive shaft 52 and disposed on the opposite side of the first gear 571; a third gear 573 connected to a third drive shaft 53 and disposed on the same side of the first gear 571; a fourth gear 574 connected to a fourth drive shaft 54 ​​and disposed on the same side of the second gear 572; a first transmission chain 575 meshing with the first gear 571 and the third gear 573 respectively; and a second transmission chain 576 meshing with the second gear 572 and the fourth gear 574 respectively.

[0066] It should be noted that the first gear 571 and the third gear 573 correspond to the first drive shaft 51 and the third drive shaft 53, and the second gear 572 and the fourth gear 574 correspond to the second drive shaft 52 and the fourth drive shaft 54. The first gear 571 and the third gear 573 are on the same side, and the second gear 572 and the fourth gear 574 are on the other side. The first gear 571 and the third gear 573 are driven by the first drive chain 575, and the second gear 572 and the fourth gear 574 are driven by the second drive chain 576.

[0067] Furthermore, such as Figures 4 to 6 As shown, by connecting four gears to four shafts respectively, and transmitting power to the first motor 55 and the second motor 56 through the first transmission chain 575 and the second transmission chain 576, the needs for spreading or rolling up the reflective insulation blanket 30 under different light and temperature conditions are met. At the same time, through the setting of the drive mechanism 50, the simultaneous unrolling and rolling up of two reflective insulation blankets 30 in the multi-span greenhouse is realized.

[0068] Furthermore, gears and rolling bearings are respectively located at the beginning and end of the east-west axis of the multi-span greenhouse to ensure the normal operation of the rotating shaft. The second drive shaft 52 and the third drive shaft 53 are located in the gutter area 80 to transmit power to the first motor 55 and provide a mounting position for the second motor 56. The arrangement of the second drive shaft 52 and the third drive shaft 53 in the gutter area 80 also includes corresponding support structures such as support frames and bearings to fix the second drive shaft 52 and the third drive shaft 53 in the gutter area 80 and to avoid interference with the heat storage and release photovoltaic system. To save space, the present invention has not been described in detail here; this section mainly describes the arrangement of the second drive shaft 52 and the third drive shaft 53.

[0069] Furthermore, the lengths of the first transmission chain 575 and the second transmission chain 576 satisfy the following formula: L=2(D+π R0) Wherein, L is the length of the first transmission chain 575 or the second transmission chain 576; D is the span of the odd-numbered greenhouse unit 10 or the even-numbered greenhouse unit 20; R0 is the radius of the first transmission shaft 51 and the second transmission shaft 52, or the radius of the third transmission shaft 53 and the fourth transmission shaft 54.

[0070] Furthermore, by providing the calculation formulas for the lengths of the first transmission chain 575 and the second transmission chain 576, the transmission requirements of the reflective insulation blanket 30 for multi-span greenhouses of different sizes are realized, and the design requirements of the first transmission chain 575 and the second transmission chain 576 under different multi-span greenhouses are met.

[0071] Specifically, the reflective insulation blanket 30 includes: an insulation layer 31; a first reflective layer 32 disposed on the surface of the insulation layer 31 near the top of the greenhouse; and a second reflective layer 33 disposed on the surface of the insulation layer 31 away from the top of the greenhouse. The first reflective layer 32 is a specular reflective layer, and the second reflective layer 33 is either a specular reflective layer or a diffuse reflective layer.

[0072] Furthermore, such as Figure 9 and Figure 10 Two implementation methods of reflective insulation blanket 30 are provided. Each reflective insulation blanket 30 includes an insulation layer 31, a first reflective layer 32, and a second reflective layer 33. The insulation layer 31 provides a stable temperature environment for the multi-span greenhouse, while the first reflective layer 32 better focuses light onto the heat storage and release photovoltaic system, thereby realizing the storage of solar energy by the heat storage and release photovoltaic system.

[0073] Furthermore, the second reflective layer 33 provides a more uniform light environment for the plants in the multi-span greenhouse by reflecting light, providing a stable environment for plant growth. The diffuse reflection layer can better distribute light evenly in the plant growth area, and distribute low-angle sunlight in the morning and evening of winter and summer evenly in the plant growth area.

[0074] Specifically, the solar thermal storage and release photovoltaic system includes: a photovoltaic cell 60, which is located on the side of the gutter area 80 closest to the external environment, for converting solar energy into electrical energy required by the odd-numbered greenhouse units 10 and the even-numbered greenhouse units 20; and a thermal storage and temperature regulation unit 70, which is located on the surface of the photovoltaic cell 60 furthest from the external environment, for regulating the temperature inside the odd-numbered greenhouse units 10 and the even-numbered greenhouse units 20.

[0075] Furthermore, such as Figure 11 As shown, the photovoltaic cell 60 can convert solar energy into electrical energy for storage, while the heat storage and temperature regulation unit 70 regulates the temperature of the photovoltaic cell and the greenhouse by absorbing and releasing heat.

[0076] It should be noted that during the spring, summer, autumn and winter seasons, the photovoltaic system absorbs solar radiation energy and electrical energy from the photovoltaic cells 60 during the day, keeping the photovoltaic cells 60 at their optimal photoelectric conversion efficiency. At night, when the temperature inside the greenhouse drops, the heat storage and temperature regulation unit 70 releases heat on its own, thereby regulating the temperature inside the multi-span greenhouse and providing a stable environment for plant growth.

[0077] The photovoltaic cells 60 are also connected to the power grid via inverters, controllers, and other accessories. Installed in the gutter area 80 of the multi-span greenhouse, the photovoltaic cells generate electricity in the upper space of greenhouse areas unsuitable for or unable to support agricultural production, improving land utilization. Photovoltaic power generation provides some or all of the energy for greenhouse horticultural crop production. By combining the power consumption needs of different cultivated crops with the actual photovoltaic power generation status, the allocation of greenhouse electricity consumption and grid-connected power supply is precisely controlled by computer, achieving self-sufficiency, with surplus electricity fed into the grid, reducing external energy consumption, and minimizing power transmission losses, thus contributing to the ecological energy cycle of the facility park. The photovoltaic cells 60, after meeting the power needs for supplemental lighting at night and basic equipment control operations, have all surplus electricity fed into the grid. The heat storage and temperature regulation unit 70 is made of nanofluid materials or phase change materials, which are heat-absorbing and heat-storing substances.

[0078] Example 2 The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that Example 2 mainly adds control measures for the light and temperature required for plant growth, which is reflected in supplemental lighting and warming measures in the plant growth area at night.

[0079] like Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, it also includes: a heating pipe 110 and a supplementary light 120. The heating pipe 110 is installed on the side of the corresponding planting area in the odd-numbered greenhouse unit 10 and the even-numbered greenhouse unit 20; the supplementary light 120 is installed on the top of the corresponding planting area in the odd-numbered greenhouse unit 10 and the even-numbered greenhouse unit 20.

[0080] Specifically, the heating pipe 110 is installed to increase the temperature for plant growth in winter, providing the best growing environment for plants, and at the same time, to provide supplemental light for plants when there is insufficient sunlight in the morning and evening during winter and summer.

[0081] Furthermore, such as Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the heating pipe 110 is aligned with the plant canopy growth area. The heating pipe 110 extends in the east-west direction and is arranged in parallel. When the greenhouse needs to be heated, the greenhouse is collectively heated. The heating pipe 110 releases heat when the temperature inside the greenhouse is low, mainly during the winter period.

[0082] Furthermore, such as Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the temperature inside the photovoltaic gutter greenhouse gradually decreases at night in winter. The internal reflective insulation blanket 30 is laid out, and the heat storage and temperature regulation unit 70 begins to release heat on its own. The supplemental light lamp 120 can provide supplemental lighting and heating at night. The electrical energy converted by the photovoltaic cells 60 during the day is stored in the power supply of the supplemental light lamp 120 and the heating pipe 110 at night. The heating pipe 110 is used to warm the plants, and the supplemental light lamp 120 is used to supplement the plants with light. At the same time, the ability of the photovoltaic gutter greenhouse to resist low nighttime temperatures is effectively improved.

[0083] Furthermore, such as Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, low-angle sunlight can be evenly distributed to the plant growth area in the morning and evening during winter and summer. In winter, the temperature inside the greenhouse drops at night. In addition to the heat storage and release photovoltaic system, heating pipes 110 are laid between the plant rows inside the greenhouse. Supplemental lights 120 are installed near the plant canopy of the heating pipes. The heating pipes can increase the temperature at night in winter, and the supplemental lights 120 can provide supplemental lighting and heat at night. Both methods provide the best growing environment for plant growth.

[0084] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0085] In embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0086] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "method," "specific method," or "some methods," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or method is included in at least one embodiment or method of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or method. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or methods. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or methods described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or methods.

[0087] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various combinations, modifications, or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions of the present invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention and should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seasonally controlled light and temperature photovoltaic gutter greenhouse, characterized in that, include: A series of odd-numbered and even-numbered greenhouse units, wherein the even-numbered greenhouse units are connected to the odd-numbered greenhouse units along the north-south direction through a gutter area; A light control and temperature regulation system is installed in the inner top area of ​​the connected greenhouse to adjust the light-receiving area and reflected light path of the odd-numbered greenhouse units and the even-numbered greenhouse units; A heat storage and release photovoltaic system is installed in the gutter area to provide heating and electricity to the connected greenhouses.

2. The seasonal light-controlled and temperature-regulating photovoltaic gutter greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of both the odd-numbered greenhouse units and the even-numbered greenhouse units includes: a first top surface and a second top surface; The tilt angle of the first top surface is greater than the tilt angle of the second top surface.

3. The seasonal light-controlled and temperature-regulating photovoltaic gutter greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light control and temperature regulation system includes: Two reflective insulation blankets, the two reflective insulation blankets respectively corresponding to the arrangement of the odd-numbered greenhouse units and the even-numbered greenhouse units; Two guiding mechanisms are respectively installed on the inner top of the odd-numbered greenhouse units and the even-numbered greenhouse units to provide directional guidance for the unrolling or rewinding of the reflective insulation blanket; The drive mechanism is connected to the two reflective thermal insulation blankets respectively via traction ropes that bypass the guide mechanism, and is used to provide traction for the winding or unwinding of the reflective thermal insulation blankets.

4. The seasonal light-controlled and temperature-regulating photovoltaic gutter greenhouse according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes: The first drive shaft is located at the end of the odd-numbered greenhouse unit away from the even-numbered greenhouse unit and extends in the east-west direction; The second drive shaft is located on the lower side of the gutter area on the side of the odd-numbered greenhouse unit that is closer to the even-numbered greenhouse unit, and is spaced apart from the first drive shaft on both sides of the same greenhouse. The third drive shaft is disposed in the gutter area and is spaced apart from the second drive shaft; The fourth drive shaft is located at the end of the even-numbered greenhouse unit away from the odd-numbered greenhouse unit and extends along the east-west direction; A first motor is located at the end of the gutter area on the side of the odd-numbered greenhouse unit away from the even-numbered greenhouse unit, and the output shaft of the first motor is connected to the first transmission shaft to provide power for the spreading of the reflective insulation blanket. The second motor is located at the end of the gutter area on the side of the odd-numbered greenhouse unit near the even-numbered greenhouse unit, and the output shaft of the second motor is connected to the other end of the second transmission shaft opposite to the first motor, for providing power for the winding of the reflective insulation blanket; The gear assembly is connected to the first drive shaft, the second drive shaft, the third drive shaft and the fourth drive shaft respectively, and is used to realize the power transmission of the first motor and the second motor. One end of the reflective thermal insulation blanket is connected to the first drive shaft via a traction rope, and the other end is connected to the second drive shaft via a traction rope. One end of the other reflective thermal insulation blanket is connected to the third drive shaft via a traction rope, and the other end is connected to the fourth drive shaft via a traction rope.

5. The seasonal light-controlled and temperature-regulating photovoltaic gutter greenhouse according to claim 4, characterized in that, The gear assembly includes: The first gear is connected to the first drive shaft; The second gear is connected to the second drive shaft and is located on the opposite side of the first gear; The third gear is connected to the third transmission shaft and is disposed on the same side as the first gear; The fourth gear is connected to the fourth transmission shaft and is disposed on the same side as the second gear; The first transmission chain meshes with the first gear and the third gear respectively; The second transmission chain meshes with the second gear and the fourth gear, respectively.

6. The seasonal light-controlled and temperature-regulating photovoltaic gutter greenhouse according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lengths of the first transmission chain and the second transmission chain satisfy the following formula: L=2(D+π) R0) Where L is the length of the first transmission chain or the second transmission chain; D is the span of the odd-numbered greenhouse units or the even-numbered greenhouse units; R0 is the radius of the first drive shaft and the second drive shaft, or the radius of the third drive shaft and the fourth drive shaft.

7. The seasonal light-controlled and temperature-regulating photovoltaic gutter greenhouse according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that, The reflective thermal insulation blanket includes: Insulation layer; The first reflective layer is disposed on the surface of the insulation layer near the top of the greenhouse; The second reflective layer is disposed on the surface of the insulation layer away from the top of the greenhouse; The first reflective layer is a specular reflective layer; The second reflective layer is either a specular reflective layer or a diffuse reflective layer.

8. The seasonal light-controlled and temperature-regulating photovoltaic gutter greenhouse according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The heat storage and release photovoltaic system includes: Photovoltaic cells are installed on the side of the gutter area closer to the external environment to convert solar energy into electrical energy required by at least the odd-numbered greenhouse units and the even-numbered greenhouse units; A heat storage and temperature regulation unit is installed on the side of the photovoltaic cell away from the external environment, and is used for cooling the photovoltaic cell and heat preservation and heating of the greenhouse.

9. The seasonal light-controlled and temperature-regulating photovoltaic gutter greenhouse according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Also includes: Heating pipes are installed on the sides of the corresponding planting areas in the odd-numbered and even-numbered greenhouse units.

10. The seasonal light-controlled and temperature-regulating photovoltaic gutter greenhouse according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Also includes: Supplemental lighting is installed on the top of the corresponding planting areas in the odd-numbered and even-numbered greenhouse units.

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