Asynchronous flotation enrichment method based on quartz and feldspar and application

Abstract

The application provides an asynchronous flotation enrichment method and application based on quartz and feldspar. The asynchronous flotation enrichment method comprises the following steps: S1, providing a to-be-processed ore material containing quartz and feldspar; S2, adding a tertiary amine cationic collector and then adding an anionic collector in the presence of a feldspar depressant, and then performing quartz flotation on the ore material to obtain a first feldspar and quartz rough concentrate; and S3, performing feldspar flotation on the quartz rough concentrate by using a feldspar combined collector in the presence of a feldspar activator and a quartz depressant to obtain a second feldspar and quartz concentrate. In the quartz flotation, the combination of the tertiary amine cationic collector and the anionic collector can realize the pre-enrichment of the quartz under neutral conditions; meanwhile, the pre-enrichment of the quartz reduces the feldspar content of the to-be-processed ore slurry in the feldspar flotation, and the use amount of the feldspar activator can be effectively reduced, so that the feldspar flotation under weakly acidic or neutral conditions is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mineral processing, and in particular to an asynchronous flotation enrichment method based on quartz and feldspar and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Tailings are solid waste remaining after ore beneficiation and extraction of useful components. They are produced and discharged at high intensity, with large stockpiles, posing a dual risk of resource waste and environmental pollution. Therefore, it is urgent to develop high-value utilization technologies for tailings to accelerate their resource utilization and large-scale disposal. Feldspar and quartz are the main constituent phases in tailings, and their efficient flotation separation is key to expanding product applications and increasing product value. However, the flotation separation of quartz and feldspar is limited by their similar physicochemical properties and mineralogical structures.

[0003] Currently, the flotation separation of these two methods mainly includes the feldspar method under acidic conditions and the pumice method under alkaline conditions. The feldspar method under acidic conditions includes both "fluorine-containing acid method" and "fluorine-free acid method." Chinese invention patent application CN121063544A discloses a method for preparing high-purity quartz sand by reverse flotation, using organic acids as modifiers, modified starch as inhibitors, and mixed amines and mixed fatty acids as collectors. Quartz sand concentrate is obtained by reverse flotation under pulp pH conditions of 2-4. However, this type of process not only causes severe corrosion to equipment and pipelines but also poses significant harm to the environment and human health. Furthermore, the pumice method mainly operates under alkaline pulp conditions of pH 11-12, using calcium ions as activators and carboxylic acids or sulfonates as anionic collectors. However, the separation efficiency of this process is often easily affected by fluctuations in pulp pH, resulting in poor selectivity.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an asynchronous flotation enrichment method and application based on quartz and feldspar to solve the technical problem of how to separate feldspar and quartz in complex tailings without additional adjustment of the pulp pH. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide an asynchronous flotation enrichment method and application based on quartz and feldspar, aiming to solve the technical problem of how to separate feldspar and quartz in complex tailings without additional adjustment of the pulp pH.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an asynchronous flotation enrichment method based on quartz and feldspar, comprising the following steps: S1, providing ore to be processed; the ore contains quartz and feldspar; S2, in the presence of feldspar inhibitor, first add cationic collector, then add anionic collector, and perform quartz flotation on the ore to obtain a first-stage feldspar and quartz rough concentrate; The cationic collector is a tertiary amine having the structure of formula A; In formula A, R1 is a saturated alkyl group of C10 to C18 or a carbon chain with 1 to 2 unsaturated double bonds, R2 is a saturated alkyl group of C1 to C3, and R3 is a saturated alkyl group of C1 to C3. S3, in the presence of feldspar activator and quartz inhibitor, the quartz rough concentrate is subjected to feldspar flotation using a feldspar combined collector to obtain a two-stage feldspar and quartz concentrate.

[0007] Furthermore, the ore material includes lepidolite tailings; in the ore material, the mass percentage of SiO2 is 76-80%, and the mass percentage of Al2O3 is 11-14%.

[0008] Furthermore, the cationic collector is N,N-dimethyldodecylamine, with the structural formula shown in Formula I: .

[0009] Furthermore, the feldspar inhibitor includes at least one of sodium hexametaphosphate, starch, and water glass; The feldspar activator includes at least one of oxalic acid, citric acid, malonic acid, and succinic acid; The quartz inhibitor includes at least one of sodium hexametaphosphate, water glass, and carboxymethyl cellulose; The feldspar-based collector comprises anionic collectors and fatty amine collectors; the mass ratio of the fatty amine collector to the anionic collector is 1:1.5~3.

[0010] Furthermore, the fatty amine collector is dodecylamine.

[0011] Furthermore, the anionic collector includes at least one of C12-18 fatty carboxylic acids, sodium petroleum sulfonate, and C12-18 alkyl sulfonate.

[0012] Furthermore, the anionic collector is sodium oleate.

[0013] Furthermore, step S2 further includes: adjusting the ore to obtain a slurry for quartz flotation before performing the quartz flotation; the pH of the slurry is 7.0~8.0.

[0014] Furthermore, the quartz flotation includes one roughing stage, 0-1 scavenging stages, and 0-2 cleaning stages; The roughing reagent system used in the quartz flotation is as follows: the amount of feldspar inhibitor added relative to the ore is 500~1500g / t, the amount of cationic collector added relative to the ore is 300~800g / t, and the amount of anionic collector added relative to the ore is 600~1800g / t. The feldspar flotation includes one roughing stage and one to three cleaning stages; The roughing reagent system used in the feldspar flotation is as follows: the amount of feldspar activator added relative to the ore is 300~1000g / t, the amount of quartz depressant added relative to the ore is 300~1000g / t, and the amount of feldspar combined collector added relative to the ore is 600~2000g / t. The fine-refining reagent system used in the feldspar flotation is as follows: the amount of feldspar activator added relative to the ore is 100~400g / t, the amount of quartz depressant added relative to the ore is 100~400g / t, and the amount of feldspar combined collector added relative to the ore is 200~800g / t.

[0015] The present invention also provides an application of a quartz composite collector in quartz flotation, wherein the quartz composite collector includes a cationic collector and an anionic collector, and the cationic collector is a tertiary amine having the structure of formula A; In formula A, R1 is a saturated alkyl group of C10 to C18 or a carbon chain with 1 to 2 unsaturated double bonds, R2 is a saturated alkyl group of C1 to C3, and R3 is a saturated alkyl group of C1 to C3.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following advantages: This invention enables the flotation of quartz products without additional adjustment of the pulp pH, and the feldspar carryover rate in the quartz product is low. Specifically, this invention employs an "asynchronous flotation" approach of quartz pre-enrichment and quartz rough concentrate re-purification, achieving efficient recovery of feldspar and quartz from tailings. The stepwise purification approach of quartz pre-enrichment-quartz rough concentrate re-purification provided by this invention can effectively reduce the amount of flotation reagents used, lower production costs, and simultaneously improve separation efficiency.

[0017] This invention utilizes a combination of tertiary amine cationic collectors and carboxylic acid or sulfonate anionic collectors in quartz flotation, enabling pre-enrichment of quartz under neutral conditions. Simultaneously, quartz pre-enrichment reduces the feldspar content in the pulp to be treated during feldspar flotation, effectively reducing the amount of feldspar activator required and allowing feldspar flotation under weakly acidic or neutral conditions. This flotation process overcomes the traditional challenge of requiring strong acid or alkaline conditions for feldspar and quartz flotation. It features minimal equipment corrosion, a short process flow, environmental friendliness, and excellent flotation separation, while also effectively reducing subsequent wastewater treatment costs. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the asynchronous flotation enrichment process in Embodiment 3 of the present invention; Figure 2 Phase analysis of lepidolite tailings in Example 3 of this invention.

[0020] The realization of the objective, functional characteristics and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but only if they are based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0023] When numerical ranges are given in the embodiments, it should be understood that, unless otherwise stated in the present invention, both endpoints of each numerical range and any value between the two endpoints may be selected. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention, as well as the prior art known to those skilled in the art and the description of this invention, may be implemented using any prior art methods, devices, and materials similar to or equivalent to those described, used, or made of materials in the embodiments of this invention.

[0024] In view of the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention develops a flotation process that is mild, green, efficient, and highly feasible for industrial application, which is of great significance for the processing and utilization of silicate minerals.

[0025] This invention provides an asynchronous flotation enrichment method based on quartz and feldspar, comprising the following steps: S1 provides the ore to be processed.

[0026] The ore contains quartz and feldspar; the ore includes lepidolite tailings; the ore contains 76-80% SiO2 and 11-14% Al2O3 by mass; the ore has a particle size of -50 mesh to +400 mesh. The ore mainly contains quartz, sodium feldspar, and potassium feldspar phases, with mass percentages of 43-45%, 36-38%, and 13-15%, respectively.

[0027] S2, in the presence of feldspar inhibitor, first add cationic collector, then add anionic collector, and perform quartz flotation on the ore to obtain a first-stage feldspar and quartz rough concentrate.

[0028] In this invention, the cationic collector is a tertiary amine having the structure of formula A.

[0029] In Formula A, R1 is a saturated alkyl group of C10 to C18 or a carbon chain with 1 to 2 unsaturated double bonds; any hydrogen atom in the aliphatic hydrocarbon group of R1 may be further monosubstituted by halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro or alkoxy; R2 is a saturated alkyl group of C1 to C3; R3 is a saturated alkyl group of C1 to C3.

[0030] In the preferred tertiary amine cationic collector structure of this invention, two electron-donating alkyl groups replace two H atoms in the amino group, which increases the electron cloud density in the fixative region and shifts the electrostatic potential in the negative direction, weakening the electrostatic attraction between the tertiary amine cationic collector and the feldspar surface. At the same time, the steric hindrance of the tertiary amine restricts the adsorption of collector molecules at the cation vacancies on the feldspar surface, effectively enhancing its adsorption selectivity.

[0031] In this invention, as an example, the cationic collector is N,N-dimethyldodecylamine, with the structural formula shown in Formula I: .

[0032] In this invention, the anionic collector includes at least one of C12-18 fatty carboxylic acids, sodium petroleum sulfonate, and C12-18 alkyl sulfonate; the anionic collector is preferably sodium oleate.

[0033] In this invention, carboxylic acid or sulfonate anionic collectors, carrying a negative charge, can further weaken the adsorption of tertiary amine cationic collectors on the feldspar surface through a competitive effect. Compared to feldspar, quartz exhibits stronger electrostatic interaction with amine cationic collectors under neutral conditions, and its surface adsorption is almost unaffected. The combined use of tertiary amine cationic and anionic collectors in the quartz flotation process enables pre-enrichment of quartz in tailings through positive flotation under neutral pulp conditions.

[0034] In the quartz flotation process of the present invention, the mass ratio of the cationic collector to the anionic collector is 1:1.5~6, more specifically 1:1.5~2.5.

[0035] In the quartz flotation process of the present invention, the feldspar inhibitor is at least one of sodium hexametaphosphate, starch, and water glass.

[0036] Step S2 of the present invention further includes: adjusting the ore to obtain a slurry for the quartz flotation before the quartz flotation; not adjusting the pH of the slurry, the pH of the slurry being 7.0~8.0; in the present invention, not adjusting the pH of the slurry means not adjusting the pH of the slurry formed from the ore; the mass concentration of the slurry being 25~55%, further being 25~35%.

[0037] Specifically, the present invention involves screening and slurry preparation of the ore material before performing quartz flotation.

[0038] In this invention, the quartz flotation process includes: first, adding feldspar inhibitor to the slurry or slurry to be treated and stirring for 5-8 minutes; then, adding cationic collector and anionic collector in sequence and stirring for 2-6 minutes respectively; and then performing flotation by skimming.

[0039] In this invention, the quartz flotation includes one roughing, 0-1 scavenging, and 0-2 cleaning; the number of scavenging can be 0 or 1, and the number of cleaning can be 0, 1, or 2.

[0040] In this invention, the roughing reagent system used in the quartz flotation is as follows: the amount of feldspar inhibitor added relative to the ore is 500~1500 g / t, more specifically 700~1400 g / t; the amount of cationic collector added relative to the ore is 300~800 g / t, more specifically 400~700 g / t; and the amount of anionic collector added relative to the ore is 600~1800 g / t, more specifically 800~1500 g / t.

[0041] In this invention, the scavenging reagent system used in the quartz flotation can be as follows: the amount of feldspar inhibitor added relative to the ore is 100~500 g / t, more specifically 300~500 g / t; the amount of cationic collector added relative to the ore is 100~400 g / t, more specifically 300~400 g / t; and the amount of anionic collector added relative to the ore is 200~1000 g / t, more specifically 600~700 g / t.

[0042] In this invention, the quartz flotation process can be blank selection.

[0043] S3, in the presence of feldspar activator and quartz inhibitor, the quartz rough concentrate is subjected to feldspar flotation using a feldspar combined collector to obtain a two-stage feldspar and quartz concentrate.

[0044] In this invention, the feldspar activator includes at least one of oxalic acid, citric acid, malonic acid, and succinic acid; wherein, the organic acid can etch the feldspar surface, destroy the Al-O bonds and Si-O bonds in its crystal lattice structure, and expose more active metal particles such as aluminum, sodium, and potassium on the surface.

[0045] In this invention, the quartz inhibitor includes at least one of sodium hexametaphosphate, water glass, and carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0046] In this invention, the feldspar combined collector comprises anionic collectors and aliphatic amine collectors; the aliphatic amine collectors and the anionic collectors are composed in a mass ratio of 1:1.5~3, and the mass ratio is further 1:2~3. During the feldspar flotation process, the anionic collectors selectively adsorb onto the feldspar surface through chelation and hydrogen bonding, while the aliphatic amine collectors can further achieve co-adsorption through electrostatic interactions, enhancing the floatability of feldspar and achieving further purification of the quartz concentrate.

[0047] In this invention, the fatty amine collector is preferably dodecylamine.

[0048] In this invention, the feldspar flotation includes one roughing process and one to three cleaning processes, wherein the number of cleaning processes can be one of 1, 2, or 3.

[0049] In this invention, the feldspar flotation process includes: adding feldspar activator and quartz inhibitor to the quartz rough concentrate slurry or the slurry to be treated in sequence and stirring for 2-5 minutes and 5-8 minutes respectively; then adding feldspar combined collector and stirring for 2-6 minutes; and then performing flotation by scraping bubbles.

[0050] In this invention, the roughing reagent system used in the feldspar flotation is as follows: the amount of feldspar activator added relative to the ore is 300~1000 g / t, more specifically 400~800 g / t; the amount of quartz depressant added relative to the ore is 300~1000 g / t, more specifically 400~800 g / t; the amount of feldspar combined collector added relative to the ore is 600~2000 g / t, more specifically 600~1500 g / t; during roughing, the mass ratio of fatty amine collector to anionic collector can be 1:1.5~3.

[0051] In this invention, the fine-refining reagent system used in the feldspar flotation is as follows: the amount of feldspar activator added relative to the ore is 100~400 g / t; the amount of quartz depressant added relative to the ore is 100~400 g / t; the amount of feldspar combined collector added relative to the ore is 200~800 g / t; during fine-refining, the mass ratio of fatty amine collector to anionic collector can be 1:1.5~3.

[0052] The present invention also provides an application of a quartz composite collector in quartz flotation, wherein the quartz composite collector includes any of the cationic collectors and any of the anionic collectors described above; specifically, the present invention limits the types of the cationic collectors and the anionic collectors, which can be equivalent in different subjects.

[0053] As an illustrative example of the application, the application includes the following steps: mixing ore and water to obtain a slurry; then, adding the cationic collector and the anionic collector to the slurry, allowing the reaction to proceed for 2-5 minutes; finally, performing skimming flotation. The ore comprises quartz and feldspar in a mass ratio of 0.8-1.2:0.8-1.2; the ore to water ratio is 2g:20-40mL. During this process, no pH adjuster is added, and the slurry pH is not adjusted; the amount of cationic collector added is 0.9 × 10⁻⁶. -5 mol / L ~ 1.6 × 10 -5 The concentration of the anion collector is mol / L, and the amount added is 4 × 10⁻⁶. -5 mol / L ~ 9×10 -5 mol / L.

[0054] To address the challenges of efficient flotation separation of quartz and feldspar in tailings, and the shortcomings of existing flotation technologies such as low separation efficiency and demanding process conditions, this invention provides an asynchronous flotation enrichment method for quartz and feldspar in tailings. This method, based on the differentiated control of silicate mineral surface properties, employs an "asynchronous flotation" beneficiation approach to achieve pre-enrichment of quartz and repurification of quartz rough concentrate under different conditions. This flotation process is mild, environmentally friendly, requires low reagent dosage, and achieves good flotation separation results. This invention utilizes the combined selective collecting effect of a tertiary amine cationic collector with a structure of formula A and anionic collectors. This is based on the unique steric hindrance effect and electrophilicity of the amino group in the tertiary amine cationic collector structure, combined with the competitive adsorption of the anionic collector, effectively weakening the adsorption intensity of the collector on the feldspar surface, enhancing the selective enrichment of quartz, and achieving positive flotation of quartz under neutral conditions.

[0055] The following are specific examples of the present invention: The structural compound formulas involved in the various cases of this invention are shown below: ; ; ; .

[0056] In all cases of this invention, all quantities and percentages refer to mass unless otherwise specified.

[0057] Example 1 Using N,N-dimethyldodecylamine (Formula I) and sodium oleate (Formula II) as flotation collectors, flotation experiments were conducted on 2g of quartz or feldspar single minerals with a particle size of 200-400 mesh in an XFGⅡ5-35g aerated hanging tank flotation machine at a rotation speed of 1992 r / min. The flotation conditions are shown in Table 1.

[0058] The specific process of the flotation experiment is as follows: Two g of a single mineral (quartz or feldspar) was added to the flotation cell, along with approximately 29 mL of deionized water. The mixture was stirred for 1 min to obtain a slurry. Then, N,N-dimethyldodecylamine and sodium oleate were added to the slurry, and the reaction was allowed to proceed for 3 min. Finally, a skimmed flotation process was performed for 3 min. The froth product and the product remaining in the cell were filtered, dried, and weighed, respectively. The recovery rate was calculated by the mass percentage of the froth product in the total mass of both the froth product and the product remaining in the cell.

[0059] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example uses N-dodecylmethylamine (Comparative Formula I) and sodium oleate (Formula II) as flotation collectors and is carried out under the flotation conditions shown in Table 1, with other conditions being the same as in Example 1.

[0060] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example uses dodecylamine (Comparative Formula II) and sodium oleate (Formula II) as flotation collectors and is carried out under the flotation conditions shown in Table 1, with other conditions being the same as in Example 1.

[0061] Comparative Example 3 In this comparative example, calcium chloride was used as the activator, and dodecylamine (Comparative Formula II) and sodium oleate (Formula II) were used as flotation collectors. The flotation experiment was carried out on 2g of quartz or feldspar single minerals with a particle size of 200~400 mesh in an XFGⅡ5-35g aerated hanging tank flotation machine at a rotation speed of 1992 r / min. The flotation conditions are shown in Table 1.

[0062] The specific process of the flotation experiment is as follows: Two g of a single mineral (quartz or feldspar) was added to the flotation cell, along with approximately 29 mL of deionized water. After stirring for 1 min, the pH of the pulp was adjusted to a fixed value using 0.1 M hydroxide (as shown in Table 1), and stirred for 2 min to obtain the pulp. Then, calcium chloride, sodium oleate, and dodecylamine were added to the pulp, and each reacted for 3 min. Finally, a 3 min skimmed flotation was performed. The froth product and the product in the cell were filtered, dried, and weighed, respectively. The recovery rate was calculated by the mass ratio of the froth product to the total mass of the froth product and the product in the cell.

[0063] Analysis example 1 The flotation conditions and product recovery rates in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3 are shown in Table 1.

[0064] Table 1 Comparison of Quartz-Feldspar Single Mineral Flotation Experiments As shown in Comparative Example 3, the separation efficiency of the alkaline pumice method is easily affected by the pH value of the slurry, and its separation effect on quartz is poor. However, the acid-free and alkali-free pumice method proposed in this invention (Example 1) can achieve the separation of feldspar and quartz under neutral conditions, and the effect is better. In addition, by comparing Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2, it can be clearly seen that the number of substituents on the amino group of the cationic collector is the key factor affecting the separation effect.

[0065] Example 2 In this embodiment, N,N-dimethyldodecylamine (Formula I) and sodium oleate (Formula II) were used as flotation collectors to conduct flotation experiments on 2g of a quartz and feldspar mixed ore (1:1) with a particle size of 200~400 mesh. The flotation conditions are shown in Table 2.

[0066] The specific process of the flotation experiment is as follows: Add 2 g of mixed minerals (quartz and feldspar in a mass ratio of 1:1) to the flotation cell, add about 29 mL of deionized water, stir for 1 min to obtain a slurry; then add N,N-dimethyldodecylamine and sodium oleate to the slurry and react for 3 min; finally, perform a 3 min skimming flotation.

[0067] The foam product and the product in the tank were filtered, dried, and weighed separately. The yield was calculated by the mass percentage of the foam product and the product in the total mass of the foam product and the product in the tank, respectively. The Si and Al contents in the foam product and the product in the tank were determined by ICP.

[0068] Comparative Example 4 This comparative example uses N-dodecylmethylamine (Comparative Formula I) and sodium oleate (Formula II) as flotation collectors and is carried out under the flotation conditions shown in Table 2, with other conditions being the same as in Example 2.

[0069] Comparative Example 5 This comparative example uses dodecylamine (Comparative Formula II) and sodium oleate (Formula II) as flotation collectors and is carried out under the flotation conditions shown in Table 2, with other conditions being the same as in Example 2.

[0070] Analysis example 2 The flotation conditions and yields in Example 2 and Comparative Examples 4-5 are shown in Table 2.

[0071] Table 2 Comparison of flotation experiments of quartz-feldspar mixed minerals (1:1) By comparing Example 2 and Comparative Examples 4-5, it is clear that the combined use of tertiary amine cationic collectors and anionic collectors can exhibit superior sorting efficiency.

[0072] Example 3 This embodiment provides an asynchronous flotation enrichment method for quartz and feldspar in lepidolite tailings, the process flow of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the specific steps are as follows: 1) Mixing the paste: Extracting lithium mica tailings from a certain mine in Jiangxi Province, Figure 2 The phase composition of the lepidolite tailings mainly consists of quartz, sodium feldspar, and potassium feldspar, with mass percentages of approximately 44%, 37%, and 14%, respectively. Tailings with particle sizes between -50 mesh and +400 mesh were selected as the feedstock for subsequent flotation. The chemical composition analysis is shown in Table 3 for the raw ore.

[0073] At room temperature, the screened tailings were placed in a single-cell flotation machine, water was added, and the mixture was stirred for 3 minutes at a flotation machine speed of 1992 rpm to prepare the pulp. The pulp concentration was 25 wt.%, and the pulp pH was not adjusted, with a pulp pH of 7.5.

[0074] 2) Quartz pre-enrichment in the first stage of quartz flotation: Sodium hexametaphosphate was first added to the above slurry of lepidolite tailings and stirred for 6 min. Then, N,N-dimethyldodecylamine (Formula I) and sodium oleate (Formula II) were added in sequence and stirred for 4 min respectively. In this example, a rough flotation of quartz was carried out to obtain a rough quartz concentrate slurry and a section of feldspar.

[0075] The first roughing stage flotation time is 4 min, the amount of sodium hexametaphosphate relative to the tailings is 1000 g / t, the amount of N,N-dimethyldodecylamine (Formula I) relative to the tailings is 450 g / t, and the amount of sodium oleate (Formula II) relative to the tailings is 900 g / t.

[0076] 3) Feldspar flotation stage II further purifies quartz rough concentrate: In the quartz rough concentrate slurry, oxalic acid and sodium hexametaphosphate were added sequentially, and stirred for 3 min and 6 min respectively. Then, the feldspar collector dodecylamine (comparative formula II) + sodium oleate (formula II) was added and stirred for 4 min. In this example, feldspar was floated in a rough and a concentrate stage to obtain quartz concentrate and two stages of feldspar.

[0077] Among them, the flotation time of the first roughing stage is 4 min, the amount of oxalic acid relative to the tailings is 600 g / t, the amount of sodium hexametaphosphate relative to the tailings is 600 g / t, the amount of sodium oleate (Formula II) relative to the tailings is 800 g / t, and the amount of dodecylamine (Comparative Formula II) relative to the tailings is 400 g / t. The flotation time for the first stage is 4 minutes. The amount of oxalic acid used relative to the tailings is 300 g / t, the amount of sodium hexametaphosphate used relative to the tailings is 300 g / t, the amount of sodium oleate (Formula II) used relative to the tailings is 400 g / t, and the amount of dodecylamine (Comparative Formula II) used relative to the tailings is 200 g / t.

[0078] Analysis example 3 The various indicators of the quartz product, feldspar product and raw ore in Example 3 were tested, and the results are shown in Table 3. In Table 3, raw ore refers to lepidolite tailings, quartz refers to quartz concentrate obtained by enrichment in quartz flotation stage I and feldspar flotation stage II, and feldspar refers to a first-stage feldspar obtained in quartz flotation stage I. Yield refers to the mass percentage (dry weight) of the product in the total product.

[0079] Table 3 Flotation Experiments of Lithium Mica Tailings The above technical solutions of the present invention are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural transformations made under the technical concept of the present invention using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An asynchronous flotation enrichment method based on quartz and feldspar, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1, providing ore to be processed; the ore contains quartz and feldspar; S2, in the presence of feldspar inhibitor, first add cationic collector, then add anionic collector, and perform quartz flotation on the ore to obtain a first-stage feldspar and quartz rough concentrate; The cationic collector is a tertiary amine having the structure of formula A; In formula A, R1 is a saturated alkyl group of C10 to C18 or a carbon chain with 1 to 2 unsaturated double bonds, R2 is a saturated alkyl group of C1 to C3, and R3 is a saturated alkyl group of C1 to C3. S3, in the presence of feldspar activator and quartz inhibitor, the quartz rough concentrate is subjected to feldspar flotation using a feldspar combined collector to obtain a two-stage feldspar and quartz concentrate.

2. The asynchronous flotation enrichment method based on quartz and feldspar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ore material includes lithium mica tailings; in the ore material, the mass percentage of SiO2 is 76-80%, and the mass percentage of Al2O3 is 11-14%.

3. The asynchronous flotation enrichment method based on quartz and feldspar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cationic collector is N,N-dimethyldodecylamine, with the structural formula shown in Formula I: 。 4. The asynchronous flotation enrichment method based on quartz and feldspar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feldspar inhibitor includes at least one of sodium hexametaphosphate, starch, and water glass. The feldspar activator includes at least one of oxalic acid, citric acid, malonic acid, and succinic acid; The quartz inhibitor includes at least one of sodium hexametaphosphate, water glass, and carboxymethyl cellulose; The feldspar-based collector comprises anionic collectors and fatty amine collectors; the mass ratio of the fatty amine collector to the anionic collector is 1:1.5~3.

5. The asynchronous flotation enrichment method based on quartz and feldspar according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fatty amine collector is dodecylamine.

6. The asynchronous flotation enrichment method based on quartz and feldspar according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The anionic collector includes at least one of C12-18 fatty carboxylic acids, sodium petroleum sulfonate, and C12-18 alkyl sulfonate.

7. The asynchronous flotation enrichment method based on quartz and feldspar according to claim 6, characterized in that, The anionic collector is sodium oleate.

8. The asynchronous flotation enrichment method based on quartz and feldspar according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2 further includes: before performing the quartz flotation, adjusting the ore to obtain a slurry for the quartz flotation; the slurry pH is 7.0~8.

0.

9. The asynchronous flotation enrichment method based on quartz and feldspar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The quartz flotation includes one roughing stage, 0-1 scavenging stages, and 0-2 cleaning stages. The roughing reagent system used in the quartz flotation is as follows: the amount of feldspar inhibitor added relative to the ore is 500~1500g / t, the amount of cationic collector added relative to the ore is 300~800g / t, and the amount of anionic collector added relative to the ore is 600~1800g / t. The feldspar flotation includes one roughing stage and one to three cleaning stages; The roughing reagent system used in the feldspar flotation is as follows: the amount of feldspar activator added relative to the ore is 300~1000g / t, the amount of quartz depressant added relative to the ore is 300~1000g / t, and the amount of feldspar combined collector added relative to the ore is 600~2000g / t. The fine-refining reagent system used in the feldspar flotation is as follows: the amount of feldspar activator added relative to the ore is 100~400g / t, the amount of quartz depressant added relative to the ore is 100~400g / t, and the amount of feldspar combined collector added relative to the ore is 200~800g / t.

10. The application of a quartz composite collector in quartz flotation, characterized in that, The quartz composite collector includes a cationic collector and an anionic collector, wherein the cationic collector is a tertiary amine having the structure of formula A; In formula A, R1 is a saturated alkyl group of C10 to C18 or a carbon chain with 1 to 2 unsaturated double bonds, R2 is a saturated alkyl group of C1 to C3, and R3 is a saturated alkyl group of C1 to C3.

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