Weather-resistant energy-saving cable for photovoltaic power station

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of cable technology, specifically disclosing a weather-resistant and energy-saving cable for photovoltaic power plants. The cable includes a first wiring structure, on which a second wiring structure is detachably inserted. The first and second wiring structures can each connect two cables. A first protective sleeve and a second protective sleeve are detachably fitted onto the exterior of each wiring structure, and one end of each sleeve can be inserted into each other. This invention enables quick insertion and connection between the first and second wiring structures, and prevents disconnection under force after connection. It also facilitates the replacement of the entire first wiring unit with an identical second wiring unit. The first and second wiring units allow for wire clamping and fixation, and the corresponding wiring sleeves can be removed to accommodate cables with different diameter cores, thereby improving reusability and applicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cable technology, specifically to a weather-resistant and energy-saving cable for photovoltaic power plants. Background Technology

[0002] Solar photovoltaic power stations are mostly built in open outdoor settings such as mountains, deserts, and rooftops. As the carrier of electrical energy transmission between components, combiner boxes, and inverters, photovoltaic DC cables are exposed to complex conditions such as strong sunlight, large temperature differences between day and night, rain and snow erosion, and wind and sand abrasion for a long time. Therefore, the outer surface of the cables is mostly made of materials with good weather resistance and insulation performance. However, the cable mid-spindle joint is the weakest link with the highest failure rate in the entire photovoltaic power transmission system. Currently, conventional photovoltaic cable splicing assemblies on the market have many defects in practical applications. For example, they have insufficient weather protection performance, relying only on a single layer of plastic shell for basic coverage. Traditional photovoltaic splicing terminals mostly adopt rigid planar splicing structures without elastic compensation structures. Affected by outdoor thermal expansion and contraction and cable dragging vibration, gaps are very likely to appear on the terminal contact surface. These gaps will significantly increase the contact resistance. During the transmission of high DC current in photovoltaic systems, the joints will continuously heat up, which not only causes a large amount of power loss and violates the energy-saving design requirements of photovoltaic systems, but also the wiring assemblies are one-time connections that cannot be reused. After the cable is crimped, it cannot be disassembled and can only be used with one type of cable, resulting in low applicability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a weather-resistant and energy-saving cable for photovoltaic power plants, which addresses the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a weather-resistant and energy-saving cable for photovoltaic power plants, comprising a first wiring structure, on which a second wiring structure is detachably inserted, the first wiring structure and the second wiring structure being capable of connecting two cables respectively, and a first protective sleeve and a second protective sleeve being detachably fitted over the first wiring structure and the second wiring structure respectively, one end of the first protective sleeve and the second protective sleeve being able to be inserted relative to each other; wherein the first wiring structure is used to form a female plug, which can fix two cables for docking, and is easy to disassemble and replace and can be reused; the second wiring structure is used to form a male plug, which can connect two cables and then dock with the first wiring structure, and is not easy to loosen or pull off, and can achieve a locking mechanism; the first protective sleeve and the second protective sleeve are respectively used to cover the outside of the first wiring structure and the second wiring structure, which further enhances weather resistance, sun protection, and rain protection.

[0005] Preferably, the first wiring structure includes a first wiring housing, a pair of first bolts, three first rotating claws, a first sleeve shaft, a pair of first locking blocks, a first flip cover, a second flip cover, a sleeve base, and a pair of first wiring units; the first wiring housing is a rectangular box structure without an upper wall, and an insertion port is provided in the middle of the right side wall of the first wiring housing; first rubber rings are symmetrically embedded in the left side wall of the first wiring housing, and the first rubber rings are cut with several equidistant slits for use with wires of different diameters; a baffle is provided near the middle of the first wiring housing, and the left and right sides of the baffle are divided into a first chamber and a second chamber; a pair of first mounting ports are symmetrically provided in the middle of the baffle; a pair of first bolts are countersunk and screwed onto the upper wall of the baffle, and the first bolts are respectively connected to the first mounting ports; one end of each of the two first rotating claws is fixedly provided on the rear side wall of the left and right ends of the first wiring housing, and the other first rotating claw is fixedly provided on the rear side wall of the first wiring housing and opposite to the baffle; the first sleeve shafts are respectively fixedly passed through. At the other end of the three first rotating claws, a pair of first locking blocks are respectively fixedly disposed on the front side wall of the first wiring housing, and the first locking blocks correspond to the first chamber and the second chamber respectively. One end of the first flip cover is movably fitted on the first sleeve shaft and located between the pair of first rotating claws. The first flip cover can be snapped onto the top of the first chamber, and the other end of the first flip cover is provided with a locking slot that fits with the first locking block. The other end of the first flip cover can be snapped onto the first locking block, and the side wall of the other end of the first flip cover is provided with a first stop groove. The second flip cover has the same structure as the first flip cover, and the width of the second flip cover is greater than the width of the first flip cover. One end of the second flip cover is movably fitted on the first sleeve shaft, and the second flip cover can be snapped onto the second chamber. The side wall of the other end of the second flip cover is provided with a first stop groove that is the same as and corresponds to the first flip cover. The sleeve is fixedly disposed in the middle of the lower inner wall of the right end of the first wiring housing, and the sleeve is opposite to the socket. A pair of first wiring units are respectively detachably installed through the first mounting port of the baffle and are fixed by the first bolt.

[0006] Preferably, the second wiring structure includes a second wiring housing, a pair of second rotating claws, a second sleeve shaft, a third flip cover, a second locking block, a pair of second bolts, a pair of second wiring units, and a locking rod; the second wiring housing is convex, and a sleeve opening that fits into the sleeve seat is provided through the middle of one end. One end of the second wiring housing is detachably inserted into the slot, and the sleeve opening is fitted onto the sleeve seat. A third chamber is provided in the middle of the other end of the second wiring housing, and a second mounting port communicating with the third chamber is symmetrically provided in one end of the second wiring housing. The second mounting port is located on both sides of the sleeve opening. An insertion port is provided in the middle of the front side wall of the other end of the second wiring housing, and locking holes corresponding to the first stop groove are provided on the left and right sides of the insertion port. A first rubber ring is symmetrically embedded in the right side wall of the other end of the second wiring housing for wiring. The pair of second rotating claws are the same as the first rotating claws, and one end of the pair of second rotating claws is symmetrically provided in the rear side wall of the second wiring housing. Located at both ends of the third chamber, the second set of shafts is fixedly inserted through the second rotating claw. The third flip cover has the same structure as the first flip cover, and the third flip cover has a second stop groove that fits with the first stop groove. One end of the third flip cover is movably fitted onto the second set of shafts and is located between the second rotating claws. The third flip cover can be fastened onto the top of the third chamber. The second locking block is fixedly set on the front side wall of the other end of the third flip cover and is located in the middle of the insertion opening. The second locking block can lock with the third flip cover. A pair of second bolts are countersunk and screwed into the front and rear side walls of one end of the second wiring housing and communicate with the second mounting port. A pair of second wiring units are detachably inserted into the second mounting port, and the second wiring units movably penetrate one end of the second wiring housing. The pair of second wiring units have the same structure as the first wiring unit, and the second wiring unit can be tightly fitted against the first wiring unit. One end of the locking rod movably penetrates the lock hole, the second stop groove, and the first stop groove.

[0007] Preferably, the second wiring unit includes a wiring tube, a top rod, a spring, a top plate, and a wiring sleeve; the wiring tube is a tubular structure, detachably passing through a first mounting port and a second mounting port, and is fixed by a first bolt and a second bolt respectively; the top rod is a T-shaped round rod, one end of which movably passes through one end of the wiring tube, and the top rod can extend and retract within the wiring tube; the top rod is fitted to the inner wall of the wiring tube for energizing; the spring is movably embedded in the wiring tube, and one end of the spring is fitted to one end of the top rod; the top plate is movably embedded in the wiring tube, and the top plate is fitted to the other end of the spring; one end of the wiring sleeve is a threaded rod of the same diameter, and the other end is a tubular structure of a different diameter; one end of the wiring sleeve is movably screwed to the other end of the wiring tube, and one end of the wiring sleeve presses against the top plate; the wiring sleeve, the wiring tube, and the top rod are connected in series; and several pressure grooves are equidistantly provided on the side wall of the other end of the wiring sleeve.

[0008] Preferably, the other end of the connector sleeve can be fitted onto the metal core of the cable and clamped and fixed by compression.

[0009] Preferably, the locking rod passes through the first stop groove and the second stop groove, and is used to limit the first flip cover and the second flip cover.

[0010] Preferably, one end of the first protective sleeve is movably fitted onto the outside of the first wiring housing, and the other end of the first protective sleeve is provided with a wire hole corresponding to the first rubber ring.

[0011] Preferably, the second protective sleeve is movably fitted onto the outside of the second wiring housing, and one end of the second protective sleeve can be inserted into the other end of the first protective sleeve, with the other end of the second protective sleeve having the same wire-passing hole as the first protective sleeve.

[0012] Compared with existing technologies, this invention enables quick plugging and docking of the first and second wiring structures, and the docking cannot be broken under force. Simultaneously, it facilitates the replacement of the entire first wiring unit with an identical second wiring unit. The first and second wiring units allow for wire clamping and fixing, and the corresponding wiring sleeves can be disassembled to accommodate cables with different diameter cores, thereby improving reusability and applicability. After docking, the first and second protective sleeves are re-attached for further external sealing and protection, improving resistance to sun, rain, and cold, and enabling quick and detachable cable docking. The top rods in the first and second wiring units are relatively close together, compressing the internal springs to achieve full docking, preventing gaps due to thermal expansion and contraction and thus energy loss. Therefore, the beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. The first and second wiring units of this solution have built-in elastic clamping structures. After docking, the pre-tightening force of the springs keeps the end faces of the top rods on both sides in close contact. This can offset the thermal expansion and contraction caused by the temperature difference between day and night outdoors, as well as the assembly gap caused by cable dragging and vibration. It effectively avoids the increase in contact resistance caused by the separation of contact surfaces, reduces joint heating and power loss, and is suitable for photovoltaic DC high current transmission scenarios, meeting the energy-saving operation requirements of photovoltaic systems.

[0013] 2. Both the first and second wiring housings are equipped with a first rubber ring with cracks at the wire inlet, which can seal the wire thread gap and prevent rainwater and dust from entering the cavity; the external sleeves can be connected to the first and second protective sleeves, which completely cover the internal wiring components, which can reduce the impact of strong outdoor sunlight, rain and snow erosion, and sudden temperature changes on the inside of the connector, reduce the probability of connector failure under complex outdoor working conditions, and extend the overall service life.

[0014] 3. The first and second wiring units adopt a detachable design, which can be adapted to photovoltaic cable cores of various diameters by replacing the wiring sleeves of different diameters. There is no need to replace the entire set of connectors due to differences in cable specifications, thus improving the applicability. At the same time, the core wiring components can be disassembled and repaired separately by loosening the first and second bolts, and can be reused. During operation and maintenance, faulty components can be replaced in a targeted manner without the need for complete scrapping, which helps to reduce the consumable costs of on-site operation and maintenance.

[0015] 4. The first and second wiring structures are connected by a socket and a slot, which ensures that the first and second wiring units inside are precisely aligned and fitted, avoiding poor contact caused by misalignment. After docking, the locking rod passes through the locking hole, the first stop groove and the second stop groove in series, and locks the two side shells and the first, second and third flip covers simultaneously. Under the condition of cable being dragged and environmental vibration, the flip covers are not easy to pop open and the docking structure is not easy to loosen, which improves the mechanical reliability of the connector connection.

[0016] 5. It adopts a flip-type compartmentalized wiring structure. The first wiring housing is divided into independent chambers by baffles. With the first, second and third flip covers that can be opened and closed, there is ample space for wiring operations and the wiring logic is clear. The whole uses a plug-in docking with locking rods for locking. The installation steps are simple and assembly and disassembly can be completed without special complicated tools, which is convenient for outdoor on-site construction and also facilitates later inspection and maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the first wiring structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first wiring structure assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the second wiring structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the second wiring structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the first wiring structure and the second wiring structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the second wiring unit of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the first protective sleeve and the second protective sleeve of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. First wiring structure; 10. First wiring housing; 11. First bolt; 12. First rotating claw; 13. First sleeve shaft; 14. First locking block; 15. First flip cover; 16. Second flip cover; 17. Sleeve base; 18. First wiring unit; 2. Second wiring structure; 21. Second wiring housing; 22. Second rotating claw; 23. Second sleeve shaft; 24. Third flip cover; 25. Second locking block; 26. Second bolt; 27. Second wiring unit; 271. Wiring tube; 272. Top rod; 273. Spring; 274. Top plate; 275. Wiring sleeve; 28. Locking rod; 3. Cable; 4. First protective sleeve; 5. Second protective sleeve; 61. Socket; 62. First rubber ring; 63. Baffle; 64. First mounting port; 65. First retaining groove; 71. Sleeve opening; 72. Second mounting port; 73. Locking hole; 74. Second retaining groove. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The following will refer to the appendices in the embodiments of the present invention. Figures 1-8 For further details: like Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a weather-resistant and energy-saving cable for photovoltaic power stations, comprising a first wiring structure 1, a second wiring structure 2 detachably inserted on the first wiring structure 1, the first wiring structure 1 and the second wiring structure 2 respectively capable of connecting two cables 3, and a first protective sleeve 4 and a second protective sleeve 5 detachably fitted on the outside of the first wiring structure 1 and the second wiring structure 2 respectively, one end of the first protective sleeve 4 and the second protective sleeve 5 being able to be inserted relative to each other; wherein the first wiring structure 1 is used to form a female plug, which can fix two cables 3 for docking, and is easy to disassemble and replace and can be reused; the second wiring structure 2 is used to form a male plug, which can connect two cables 3 and then dock with the first wiring structure 1, and is not easy to loosen or pull off, and can achieve locking relative to each other; the first protective sleeve 4 and the second protective sleeve 5 are respectively used to fit the outside of the first wiring structure 1 and the second wiring structure 2, which further play a role in weather resistance, sun protection and rain protection.

[0020] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, as a preferred embodiment, the first wiring structure 1 further includes a first wiring housing 10, a pair of first bolts 11, three first rotating claws 12, a first sleeve shaft 13, a pair of first locking blocks 14, a first flip cover 15, a second flip cover 16, a sleeve base 17, and a pair of first wiring units 18; the first wiring housing 10 is a rectangular box structure without an upper wall, and an insertion port 61 is provided in the middle of the right side wall of the first wiring housing 10; first rubber rings 62 are symmetrically embedded in the left side wall of the first wiring housing 10, and the first rubber rings 62 are cut with several equidistant slits for use with wires of different diameters; a baffle 63 is provided near the middle of the first wiring housing 10, and the left and right sides of the baffle 63 are divided into a first chamber and a second chamber. A pair of first mounting ports 64 are symmetrically provided in the middle of the 3rd section. A pair of first bolts 11 are countersunk and screwed onto the upper wall of the baffle 63, and the first bolts 11 are respectively connected to the first mounting ports 64. Two first rotating claws 12 are fixed at one end to the rear side walls of the left and right ends of the first wiring housing 10, and the other first rotating claw 12 is fixedly fixed to the rear side wall of the first wiring housing 10 and opposite to the baffle 63. A first shaft 13 is fixedly inserted through the other end of the three first rotating claws 12. A pair of first locking blocks 14 are fixedly fixed to the front side wall of the first wiring housing 10, and the first locking blocks 14 are respectively corresponding to the first chamber and the second chamber. One end of the first flip cover 15 is movably fitted onto the first shaft 13 and is located at the pair of first rotating claws 12. Between them, the first flip cover 15 can be fastened to the top of the first chamber, and the other end of the first flip cover 15 is provided with a slot that fits with the first locking block 14. The other end of the first flip cover 15 can be engaged with the first locking block 14, and the side wall of the other end of the first flip cover 15 is provided with a first retaining groove 65. The second flip cover 16 has the same structure as the first flip cover 15, and the width of the second flip cover 16 is greater than the width of the first flip cover 15. One end of the second flip cover 16 is movably fitted onto the first sleeve shaft 13, and the second flip cover 16 can be fastened to the second chamber. The side wall of the other end of the second flip cover 16 is provided with a first retaining groove 65 that is the same as and corresponds to the first flip cover 15. The sleeve 17 is fixedly disposed in the middle of the lower inner wall of the right end of the first wiring housing 10, and the sleeve 17 is opposite to the socket 61. A pair of first wiring units 18 are detachably inserted through the first mounting port 64 of the baffle 63 and are secured by the first bolt 11. The wiring is divided into two chambers through the first wiring housing 10: the first wiring housing 10 is an open box, and the internal baffle 63 divides it into two independent chambers. The cable 3 passes through the first rubber ring 62 with multiple slots and enters the chamber, which can realize the connection of the two cables 3. The baffle 63 has a mounting port for inserting the first wiring unit 18. Tightening the first bolt 11 can press and fix the conductive unit. The first flip cover 15 and the second flip cover 16 open and close the sealing lock chamber, sharing a first shaft 13, which is locked with the first locking block 14 on the front side of the housing to seal the chamber. The first retaining groove 65 is reserved on the side wall for the subsequent locking rod 28 to be inserted for overall locking.

[0021] More specifically, the first wiring structure 1 is divided into two independent chambers by the baffle 63 inside the first wiring housing 10, which can realize the separate arrangement of two cables 3. The first rubber ring 62 with cracks at the inlet can adapt to cables 3 of different diameters, and at the same time seals the wire threading gap to prevent rainwater and dust from entering the cavity. The first wiring unit 18 is installed through the first mounting port 64 and then tightened and fixed by the first bolt 11. It is easy to disassemble and assemble and can be replaced individually, improving the reusability of the components. The first flip cover 15 and the second flip cover 16, which share the first set of shafts 13, can respectively fasten the corresponding chambers and achieve chamber closure by engaging with the first locking block 14. The first retaining groove 65 reserved on the side wall of the flip cover can cooperate with the locking rod 28 to achieve overall locking and prevent the flip cover from accidentally popping open. The sleeve 17 at the right end of the housing cooperates with the plug 61 to accurately align and plug into the second wiring structure 2, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the internal conductive unit docking.

[0022] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, as a preferred embodiment, the second wiring structure 2 further includes a second wiring housing 21, a pair of second rotating claws 22, a second sleeve shaft 23, a third flip cover 24, a second locking block 25, a pair of second bolts 26, a pair of second wiring units 27, and a locking rod 28; the second wiring housing 21 is convex, and a sleeve opening 71 that fits into the sleeve base 17 is provided through the middle of one end; one end of the second wiring housing 21 is detachably inserted into the socket 61, and the sleeve opening 71 is fitted onto the sleeve base 17; a third chamber is provided in the middle of the other end of the second wiring housing 21, and a second mounting port 72 communicating with the third chamber is symmetrically provided on one end of the second wiring housing 21; the second mounting port 72 is located at the sleeve opening 71. On both sides, an insertion opening is provided in the middle of the front side wall of the other end of the second wiring housing 21, and corresponding locking holes 73 are provided on the left and right sides of the insertion opening, corresponding to the first stop groove 65. A first rubber ring 62 is symmetrically embedded in the right side wall of the other end of the second wiring housing 21 for wiring. A pair of second rotating claws 22 are the same as the first rotating claw 12. One end of the pair of second rotating claws 22 is symmetrically arranged on the rear side wall of the second wiring housing 21 and located at both ends of the third chamber. The second sleeve shaft 23 is fixedly inserted through the second rotating claws 22. The third flip cover 24 has the same structure as the first flip cover 15, and the third flip cover 24 has a second stop groove 74 that fits with the first stop groove 65. One end of the third flip cover 24 is movably fitted onto the second sleeve shaft 23. The second cover 24 is located between the second rotating claws 22 and can be snapped onto the top of the third chamber. The second locking block 25 is fixedly disposed on the front side wall of the other end of the third cover 24 and is located in the middle of the insertion opening. The second locking block 25 can lock with the third cover 24. A pair of second bolts 26 are countersunk and screwed into the front and rear side walls of one end of the second wiring housing 21 and communicate with the second mounting opening 72. A pair of second wiring units 27 are detachably inserted into the second mounting opening 72, and the second wiring unit 27 moves through one end of the second wiring housing 21. The pair of second wiring units 27 have the same structure as the first wiring unit 18, and the second wiring unit 27 can be tightly fitted against the first wiring unit 18. One end of the locking rod 28 moves through the lock hole 73, the second stop groove 74, and the first stop groove 65 respectively; through plug-in positioning and conduction, the convex second wiring housing 21 aligns with the female end socket 17 by relying on the sleeve opening 71, and inserts one end into the socket 61 of the first wiring housing 10, so that the internal second wiring unit 27 and the first wiring unit 18 are precisely fitted and conductive; the cable 3 passes through the self-adhesive multi-slit rubber ring into the third chamber and connects to the second wiring unit 27, and the second wiring unit 27 is pressed and fixed by tightening the second bolt 26; the locking rod 28 passes laterally through the housing lock hole 73, the second stop groove 74 of the third flip cover 24, and the first stop groove 65 of the female end first flip cover 15, and simultaneously limits and locks the male and female plugs, completing the overall locking.

[0023] More specifically, the second wiring structure 2 adopts a convex second wiring shell 21, which aligns with the socket 17 of the first wiring structure 1 through the sleeve 71, and can be accurately inserted into the socket 61, ensuring that the internal second wiring unit 27 and the first wiring unit 18 are accurately fitted and connected, effectively avoiding poor contact caused by insertion misalignment; the first rubber ring 62 on the wire inlet side of the shell can adapt to cables 3 of different diameters and seal the wire threading gaps, and together with the independent wiring space of the third chamber, improves the convenience of wiring operation and the dustproof and waterproof performance of the cavity; the second wiring unit 27 is pressed and fixed by the second bolt 26, and can be disassembled and replaced individually, which is conducive to operation and maintenance and component reuse; the third flip cover 24 can be fastened and closed by the second latch 25 to close the third chamber, and together with the locking rod 28, it passes through the lock hole 73, the second stop groove 74 and the first stop groove 65 in sequence, which can simultaneously lock the male and female wiring structures and each flip cover, making it less likely to loosen and pop open under the condition of cable dragging and environmental vibration, significantly improving the overall mechanical connection reliability of the connector.

[0024] like Figure 7As shown, as a preferred embodiment, the second wiring unit 27 further includes a wiring sleeve 271, a push rod 272, a spring 273, a top plate 274, and a wiring sleeve 275. The wiring sleeve 271 is a tubular structure, detachably passing through the first mounting port 64 and the second mounting port 72, and is fixed by the first bolt 11 and the second bolt 26 respectively. The push rod 272 is a T-shaped round rod, with one end of the push rod 272 movably passing through one end of the wiring sleeve 271, and the push rod 272 can be inside the wiring sleeve 271. The device allows for telescopic movement. The top rod 272 is fitted against the inner wall of the junction box 271 for energizing. A spring 273 is movably embedded within the junction box 271, with one end of the spring 273 fitting against one end of the top rod 272. A top plate 274 is movably embedded within the junction box 271, with the other end of the top plate 274 fitting against the other end of the spring 273. A connector sleeve 275 has a threaded rod of the same diameter at one end and a tubular structure of a different diameter at the other end. One end of the connector sleeve 275 is movably screwed onto the other end of the junction box 271. The top plate 274 is tightened at the end. The connector sleeve 275 is connected in series with the connector tube 271 and the top rod 272. Several pressure grooves are evenly arranged on the side wall of the other end of the connector sleeve 275. The tubular connector tube 271 is inserted into the first mounting port 64 and the second mounting port 72 of the first connector housing 10 and the second connector housing 21, and is pressed and fixed by the first bolt 11 and the second bolt 26. The T-shaped top rod 272, spring 273 and top plate 274 are sequentially installed in the tube. The connector sleeve 275 is threaded onto the end of the connector tube 271. The top plate 274 is pushed and the spring 273 is compressed so that the top rod 272 has an outward elastic force; the metal inner core of the photovoltaic cable 3 is inserted into the tube section with the pressure groove of the connector sleeve 275, and the pressure groove is squeezed to clamp the wire core, so as to realize the conductive connection between the cable 3 and the connector unit; when docking, the top rods 272 on both sides press against each other and retract, and the spring 273 keeps the top rods 272 tightly attached, forming a stable conductive path. The other end of the connector sleeve 275 can be fitted onto the metal inner core of the cable 3 and clamped and fixed by compression.

[0025] More specifically, the second wiring unit 27 uses the wiring tube 271 as the conductive and installation carrier. It can be installed as a whole into the corresponding installation port and fixed by bolts. It is easy to disassemble and install and can be inspected and replaced individually, which helps to improve the reuse rate of components and reduce maintenance costs. Inside the tube, the spring 273 and the top rod 272 form an elastic clamping structure. When docking, the top rods 272 on both sides press against each other and retract. The continuous pre-tightening force of the spring 273 keeps the end face tightly attached, which can offset the contact gap caused by thermal expansion and contraction and cable vibration under outdoor conditions, stabilize the contact resistance, reduce joint heating and power loss, and ensure the stability of photovoltaic DC high current transmission. The wiring sleeve 275 is connected to the wiring tube 271 by a threaded connection. The wiring sleeve 275 can be replaced with the corresponding diameter according to the cable diameter, which has a wider range of applicability. Its tube section with pressure grooves can easily squeeze and clamp the metal core of the cable, and the wiring connection is reliable. With the top plate 274, the spring pre-tightening degree can be adjusted to ensure the stability of the series conductive path of the wiring sleeve 275, wiring tube 271 and top rod 272.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment, the locking rod 28 passes through the first stop groove 65 and the second stop groove 74 to limit the first flip cover 15 and the second flip cover 16; one end of the first protective sleeve 4 is movably fitted onto the outside of the first wiring housing 10, and the other end of the first protective sleeve 4 is provided with a wire hole corresponding to the first rubber ring 62; the second protective sleeve 5 is movably fitted onto the outside of the second wiring housing 21, and one end of the second protective sleeve 5 can be inserted into the other end of the first protective sleeve 4, and the other end of the second protective sleeve 5 is provided with the same wire hole as the first protective sleeve 4.

[0027] Working principle: During the assembly and wiring stage, the photovoltaic wire is first passed through the first protective sleeve 4 and the second protective sleeve 5, and then through the first rubber ring 62 and sent into the first wiring shell 10 and the second wiring shell 21. The first rubber ring 62 has multiple cracks to accommodate various diameter cables 3 and seal the wire entry gap to prevent rainwater and dust from entering the shell from the wire passing position. The first wiring housing 10 is divided into two independent chambers by a baffle 63. A first mounting port 64 is opened on the baffle 63. After the first wiring unit 18 is inserted into the first mounting port 64, the first bolt 11 is tightened to complete the clamping and fixing. Three rotating claws 12 jointly support a first shaft 13, which respectively hinges the first flip cover 15 and the wider second flip cover 16. By flipping open the first flip cover 15 and the second flip cover 16, the cable 3 can be laid in the chamber and connected to the second wiring structure 2. When wiring, strip the cable 3 to allow the internal wire core to be inserted into the wiring sleeve 275, and then clamp and press it with pliers. After wiring is completed, press down the first flip cover 15 and the second flip cover 16 to lock the chamber by engaging with the first locking block 14. The right side of the first wiring housing 10 has a reserved insertion port 61, and the corresponding position of the internal fixed sleeve 17 is used for alignment and insertion with the second wiring structure 2. The second wiring housing 21 has a convex structure with a sleeve opening 71 at one end. The sleeve opening 71 is aligned with the socket 17 and inserted into the socket 61 to complete the initial connection of the male and female structures. At the same time, the first wiring unit 18 and the push rod 272 in the second wiring unit 27 are pressed tightly against each other. The other end of the second wiring housing 21 forms a third chamber with second mounting openings 72 on both sides of the chamber. After the second wiring unit 27 is inserted into the second mounting opening 72, the second bolt 26 is tightened to lock and fix it. The two sets of second rotating claws 22 are hinged to the third flip cover 24 through the second sleeve shaft 23. When wiring, the third flip cover 24 is flipped open. After completion, it is pressed down and the third chamber is closed by self-locking by the second locking block 25. The side wall of the third flip cover 24 also has a second retaining groove 74 and a corresponding locking hole 73. The locking hole 73 can be aligned with the first retaining groove 65 and the second retaining groove 74. The second wiring unit 27 is composed of a wiring tube 271, a push rod 272, a spring 273, a top plate 274, and a wiring sleeve 275. The wiring tube 271 is installed in the mounting opening of the housing. Inside the wiring tube 271, the push rod 272, the spring 273, and the top plate 274 are placed in sequence. The wiring sleeve 275 with a threaded rod end is screwed onto the tail of the wiring tube 271 and presses the top plate 274, thereby compressing the spring 273 and giving the T-shaped push rod 272 an outward elastic force. The metal inner core of the cable 3 is inserted into the tube section with the pressure groove of the wiring sleeve 275. The core is clamped and fixed by compression clamping. The wiring sleeve 275, the wiring tube 271, and the push rod 272 are connected in series to form a complete conductive path. When the first wiring unit 18 and the second wiring unit 27 are connected to each other, the two end rods 272 press against each other and retract, and the spring 273 continuously outputs pre-tightening force to keep the end faces of the end rods 272 tightly fitted, eliminating the conductive gap caused by thermal expansion and contraction. After the male and female structures are inserted into place and all the flip covers are fastened, the locking rod 28 is inserted laterally into the outer shell locking hole 73, the second stop groove 74 and the first stop groove 65. The locking rod 28 simultaneously limits all the flip covers and the connected shell. Finally, the first protective sleeve 4 is put on the outside of the first wiring shell 10 and the second protective sleeve 5 is put on the outside of the second wiring shell 21. The end of the second protective sleeve 5 is inserted into the first protective sleeve 4 to complete the insertion and sealing. The two protective sleeves completely wrap the internal wiring components and provide weather protection against sun, rain and cold. The assembly of the entire photovoltaic cable 3 connection structure is completed.

[0028] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Other modifications or functional substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention, as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A weather-resistant and energy-saving cable for photovoltaic power plants, characterized in that, It includes a first wiring structure (1), on which a second wiring structure (2) is detachably inserted. The first wiring structure (1) and the second wiring structure (2) can respectively connect two cables (3). The first wiring structure (1) and the second wiring structure (2) are respectively detachably fitted with a first protective sleeve (4) and a second protective sleeve (5). One end of the first protective sleeve (4) and the second protective sleeve (5) can be inserted into each other. The first wiring structure (1) is used to form a female plug, which can fix two cables (3) for docking. The second wiring structure (2) is used to form a male plug, which can connect two cables (3) and dock with the first wiring structure (1), and can achieve locking. The first protective sleeve (4) and the second protective sleeve (5) are respectively used to cover the outside of the first wiring structure (1) and the second wiring structure (2).

2. The weather-resistant and energy-saving cable for photovoltaic power plants according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first wiring structure (1) includes a first wiring housing (10), a pair of first bolts (11), three first rotating claws (12), a first sleeve shaft (13), a pair of first locking blocks (14), a first flip cover (15), a second flip cover (16), a sleeve base (17), and a pair of first wiring units (18). The first wiring housing (10) is a rectangular box structure without an upper wall, and a socket (61) is provided in the middle of the right side wall of the first wiring housing (10). A first rubber ring (62) is symmetrically embedded in the left side wall of the first wiring housing (10). The first rubber ring (62) is cut with several equidistant slits for use with wires of different diameters. A baffle (63) is provided near the middle of the first wiring housing (10), and the left and right sides of the baffle (63) are divided into a first chamber and a second chamber. A pair of first mounting holes (64) are symmetrically provided in the middle of the baffle (63), and a pair of first bolts (11) are provided. The first bolts (11) are respectively countersunk and screwed onto the upper wall of the baffle (63), and the first bolts (11) are respectively connected to the first mounting ports (64). Two of the first rotating claws (12) are respectively fixed at one end to the rear side walls of the left and right ends of the first wiring housing (10), and the other first rotating claw (12) is fixedly fixed to the rear side wall of the first wiring housing (10) and opposite to the baffle (63). The first sleeve shaft (13) is respectively fixed through the other end of the three first rotating claws (12). A pair of first locking blocks (14) are respectively fixedly fixed to the front side wall of the first wiring housing (10), and the first locking blocks (14) are respectively... Corresponding to the first chamber and the second chamber, one end of the first flip cover (15) is movably fitted onto the first shaft (13) and located between a pair of first rotating claws (12). The first flip cover (15) can be snapped onto the top of the first chamber, and the other end of the first flip cover (15) is provided with a latch that fits into the first locking block (14). The other end of the first flip cover (15) can be engaged with the first locking block (14), and the side wall of the other end of the first flip cover (15) is provided with a first retaining groove (65). The second flip cover (16) has the same structure as the first flip cover (15), and the width of the second flip cover (16) is greater than that of the first chamber. The second flip cover (16) has a width of 15. One end of the second flip cover (16) is movably fitted onto the first sleeve shaft (13), and the second flip cover (16) can be fastened onto the second chamber. The other side wall of the second flip cover (16) is provided with a first retaining groove (65) that is the same as and corresponds to the first flip cover (15). The sleeve (17) is fixedly installed in the middle of the lower inner wall of the right end of the first wiring housing (10), and the sleeve (17) is opposite to the socket (61). A pair of first wiring units (18) can be detachably installed through the first mounting port (64) of the baffle (63), and are tightened and fixed by the first bolt (11).

3. The weather-resistant and energy-saving cable for photovoltaic power plants according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second wiring structure (2) includes a second wiring housing (21), a pair of second rotating claws (22), a second sleeve shaft (23), a third flip cover (24), a second locking block (25), and a pair of second bolts (26); The second wiring housing (21) is convex, and a sleeve opening (71) that fits into the sleeve base (17) is provided through the middle of one end. One end of the second wiring housing (21) is detachably inserted into the socket (61), and the sleeve opening (71) is fitted onto the sleeve base (17). A third chamber is provided in the middle of the other end of the second wiring housing (21), and a second mounting port (72) communicating with the third chamber is symmetrically provided in one end of the second wiring housing (21). The second mounting port (72) is located on both sides of the sleeve opening (71). An insertion port is provided in the middle of the front side wall of the other end of the second wiring housing (21), and locking holes (73) corresponding to the first retaining groove (65) are provided on the left and right sides of the insertion port. A first rubber ring (62) is symmetrically embedded in the right side wall of the other end of the second wiring housing (21) for wiring. A pair of second rotating claws (22) are the same as the first rotating claws (12). The second rotating claw (22) is symmetrically arranged at one end on the rear side wall of the second wiring housing (21) and located at both ends of the third chamber. The second sleeve shaft (23) is fixedly inserted through the second rotating claw (22). The third flip cover (24) has the same structure as the first flip cover (15), and the third flip cover (24) has a second stop groove (74) that fits with the first stop groove (65). One end of the third flip cover (24) is movably fitted on the second sleeve shaft (23) and located between the second rotating claws (22). The third flip cover (24) can be snapped onto the top of the third chamber. The second locking block (25) is fixedly arranged on the front side wall of the other end of the third flip cover (24) and located in the middle of the insertion opening. The second locking block (25) can lock with the third flip cover (24). A pair of second bolts (26) are countersunk and screwed into the front and rear side walls of one end of the second wiring housing (21) and communicate with the second mounting port (72).

4. The weather-resistant and energy-saving cable for photovoltaic power plants according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second wiring structure (2) also includes a pair of second wiring units (27) and a locking rod (28); A pair of second wiring units (27) are detachably inserted into the second mounting port (72), and the second wiring unit (27) moves through one end of the second wiring housing (21). The pair of second wiring units (27) have the same structure as the first wiring unit (18), and the second wiring unit (27) can be tightly fitted against the first wiring unit (18). One end of the locking rod (28) moves through the lock hole (73), the second stop groove (74), and the first stop groove (65).

5. The weather-resistant and energy-saving cable for photovoltaic power plants according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second wiring unit (27) includes a wiring tube (271), a top rod (272), a spring (273), a top plate (274), and a wiring sleeve (275); The junction box (271) is a tubular structure. The junction box (271) is detachably connected through the first mounting port (64) and the second mounting port (72), and is fixed by the first bolt (11) and the second bolt (26) respectively. The top rod (272) is a T-shaped round rod. One end of the top rod (272) is movably connected through one end of the junction box (271), and the top rod (272) can extend and retract within the junction box (271). The top rod (272) is fitted to the inner wall of the junction box (271) for energizing. The spring (273) is movably embedded within the junction box (271), and the spring (273) One end is attached to one end of the top rod (272), the top plate (274) is movably embedded in the wiring tube (271), and the top plate (274) is attached to the other end of the spring (273). One end of the wiring sleeve (275) is a threaded rod of the same diameter, and the other end is a tube structure of different diameter. One end of the wiring sleeve (275) is movably screwed to the other end of the wiring tube (271), and one end of the wiring sleeve (275) is pressed against the top plate (274). The wiring sleeve (275) is connected in series with the wiring tube (271) and the top rod (272). The other end of the wiring sleeve (275) has several pressure grooves equidistantly arranged on the side wall.

6. The weather-resistant and energy-saving cable for photovoltaic power plants according to claim 5, characterized in that, The other end of the connector sleeve (275) can be fitted onto the metal core of the cable (3) and clamped and fixed by compression.

7. The weather-resistant and energy-saving cable for photovoltaic power plants according to claim 6, characterized in that, The locking rod (28) passes through the first stop groove (65) and the second stop groove (74) to limit the first flip cover (15) and the second flip cover (16).

8. The weather-resistant and energy-saving cable for photovoltaic power plants according to claim 7, characterized in that, One end of the first protective sleeve (4) is movably fitted onto the outside of the first wiring housing (10), and the other end of the first protective sleeve (4) is provided with a wire hole corresponding to the first rubber ring (62).

9. A weather-resistant and energy-saving cable for photovoltaic power plants according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second protective sleeve (5) is movably fitted onto the outside of the second wiring housing (21), and one end of the second protective sleeve (5) can be inserted into the other end of the first protective sleeve (4). The other end of the second protective sleeve (5) has the same wire hole as the first protective sleeve (4).

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