Method and system for preventing splashing of molten iron into a converter when charging the molten iron into the converter

Abstract

The application provides a molten iron tank iron-in-converter splash-proof method and system, and belongs to the technical field of smelting, which is used for solving the splash problem in the process of iron pouring. The method comprises the following steps: S1. Real-time acquisition of the three-dimensional posture of the molten iron tank, the thermal imaging of the furnace mouth, the concentration of the flue gas components, the state of the slag-iron interface in the furnace, the liquid level fluctuation of the tank mouth, the micro-pressure difference of the furnace mouth and the vibration frequency spectrum data of the furnace body, and comparison with the corresponding safety threshold interval to identify the splash precursor signal; S2. Determination of the splash risk level according to the splash precursor signal and the current furnace working condition parameters; S3. According to the splash risk level, the graded splash suppression operation corresponding to the risk level is executed. The application can realize automatic identification of the splash precursor and splash suppression, and significantly improve the safety of steelmaking production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of metallurgical technology, specifically relating to a method and system for preventing splashing when adding molten iron into a converter. Background Technology

[0002] Converter steelmaking is a core process in modern steel production. The crucial step connecting ironmaking and steelmaking—pouring high-temperature molten pig iron from the blast furnace into the converter—is also one of the most risky processes in the entire production chain. The extremely high temperature of the molten iron, when poured into the converter, can easily cause a violent outburst from the furnace mouth due to the intense physical and chemical changes generated during the instantaneous gas pressure. Such splashing can destroy valuable equipment such as tilting mechanisms, oxygen lances, and fume hoods, disrupt production, and significantly threaten the lives of on-site operators. Currently, the iron-pouring operation relies primarily on manual judgment by operators observing the flame, smoke color, and height at the furnace mouth. This method suffers from fundamental flaws such as high subjectivity, delayed warnings, and a lack of quantification. Attempts at automated monitoring based on single parameters suffer from high false alarm rates, a lack of multi-dimensional information fusion and adaptive capabilities, making reliable early warnings difficult to achieve, and hindering closed-loop control with actuators. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and system for preventing splashing when adding molten iron into a converter, which can realize automatic identification of splash precursors and suppression of splashing, and significantly improve the safety of steelmaking production.

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a method for preventing splashing when adding molten iron to a converter using a ladle, comprising the following steps: S1. Real-time acquisition of three-dimensional attitude of molten iron ladle, furnace mouth thermal imaging, converter flue gas component concentration, slag-iron interface state in furnace, ladle mouth liquid level fluctuation, furnace mouth micro-pressure difference and furnace body vibration spectrum data, and comparison with the corresponding safety threshold range to identify splash precursor signals. S2. Determine the splash risk level based on splash precursor signals and current furnace operating parameters; S3. Based on the splash risk level, perform the graded splash suppression operation corresponding to the risk level.

[0005] Step S1 includes: Real-time acquisition of three-dimensional attitude data of molten iron ladle, including tilt angle, angular velocity and acceleration; The tilt angle, angular velocity, and acceleration of the molten iron ladle are fused using a Kalman filter algorithm to eliminate swaying interference during crane operation and hoisting. Obtain the stability index of the molten iron ladle; If the stability index exceeds the set safety threshold range, a splash precursor signal is identified.

[0006] Step S1 includes: Dual-band infrared imaging technology is used to acquire real-time thermal imaging data of the furnace opening; Masking and dynamic deformation tracking are performed on the furnace mouth area to distinguish the characteristics of high-temperature furnace gas radiation and splashes. Obtain the area growth rate and morphological change rate of the sprayed material; If the rate of increase in area and the rate of change in shape exceed the set safety threshold range, then a splash precursor signal will be identified.

[0007] Step S1 includes: The rate of change of CO, CO2 and dust concentrations in converter flue gas over time was obtained. Establish time-series slope curves for CO, CO2, and dust concentrations; If the rate of change of CO, CO2 and dust concentrations exceeds the set safety threshold range, a splash precursor signal will be identified.

[0008] Step S1 includes: Microwave radar is used to perform real-time non-contact scanning of the molten pool inside the converter; A layered model of the slag-iron interface state in the furnace was established based on the echo signal of microwave radar. The slag layer thickness and slag-iron liquid level difference are obtained based on the layered model. If the slag layer thickness and the slag-iron liquid level difference exceed the set safety threshold range, a splash precursor signal will be identified.

[0009] Step S1 includes: Monitor the liquid level fluctuation signal at the mouth of the molten iron ladle at a sampling frequency of not less than 200Hz; If abnormal jumps in liquid level and turbulent spectral characteristics are identified, then the precursor signal of splashing can be identified.

[0010] Step S1 includes: A joint analysis was performed on the micro-pressure difference at the furnace mouth and the vibration spectrum data of the furnace body. Obtain the coupling characteristic value of furnace mouth micro-pressure difference and furnace body vibration spectrum data; If the coupling characteristic value exceeds the set safety threshold range, a splash precursor signal is identified.

[0011] Step S2 includes: Obtain the current heat temperature, silicon content, scrap steel loading amount, and target steel grade of the molten iron. The safety threshold range is adjusted based on the molten iron temperature, silicon content, amount of scrap steel loaded, and target steel grade. The data of each splash precursor signal are compared with the corrected safety threshold range, and a comprehensive judgment is made to determine the splash risk level.

[0012] Step S3 includes: Adjust the pouring speed of the molten iron ladle according to the splash risk level; The start-up and shutdown of the inert gas purging system are controlled according to the splash risk level.

[0013] This invention also provides a system for preventing splashing when adding molten iron to a converter using a ladle, for implementing the above-mentioned method. The system includes: a three-axis attitude sensor, a dual-band thermal imager, an online flue gas composition analyzer, a microwave radar, a micro-differential pressure sensor, a vibration sensor, and a control system. The three-axis attitude sensor is mounted on the molten iron ladle to acquire its three-dimensional attitude data. The dual-band thermal imager is mounted above the converter's opening to acquire thermal imaging data of the opening. The online flue gas composition analyzer is mounted on the converter's flue to acquire flue gas composition concentration data. The microwave radar is mounted above the converter to acquire slag-iron interface state data within the furnace. The micro-differential pressure sensor is mounted at the converter's opening to acquire micro-differential pressure data at the opening. The vibration sensor is mounted on the converter body to acquire furnace body vibration spectrum data. The control system is connected to the three-axis attitude sensor, the dual-band thermal imager, the online flue gas composition analyzer, the microwave radar, the micro-differential pressure sensor, the vibration sensor, the molten iron ladle's tilting mechanism, and the inert gas injection system.

[0014] Beneficial effects: The method and system for preventing splashing when adding molten iron to a converter provided by this invention can comprehensively capture the physical, chemical, and hydrodynamic precursors of splashing. By fusing and comparing multiple features, it can determine the splashing risk level and then perform corresponding level of splash suppression operation according to the splashing risk level. This achieves a fundamental shift from passive alarm to active intervention, greatly improving the lead time, accuracy, and reliability of early warning, and significantly reducing the splashing accident rate and production safety risks. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for preventing splashing when adding molten iron into a converter using a ladle, according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an anti-splashing system for molten iron ladle loading into a converter, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] The reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows: 1. Three-axis attitude sensor; 2. Dual-band thermal imager; 3. Online flue gas composition analysis device; 4. Microwave radar; 5. Micro differential pressure sensor; 6. Vibration sensor; 7. Control system; 8. Tilting mechanism; 9. Inert gas injection system; 10. Ladle; 11. Converter. Detailed Implementation

[0017] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "installation," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0018] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0019] This embodiment provides a method for preventing splashing when adding molten iron into a converter using a ladle. Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for preventing splashing when adding molten iron to a converter using a ladle, as provided in this embodiment.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a method for preventing splashing when adding molten iron into a converter using a ladle, including the following steps: S1. Real-time acquisition of three-dimensional attitude of molten iron ladle, furnace mouth thermal imaging, converter flue gas component concentration, slag-iron interface state in furnace, ladle mouth liquid level fluctuation, furnace mouth micro-pressure difference and furnace body vibration spectrum data, and comparison with the corresponding safety threshold range to identify splash precursor signals. S2. Determine the splash risk level based on splash precursor signals and current furnace operating parameters; Specifically, the splash precursor signal and the current furnace operating parameters are input into an AI classification model trained with historical data, and the AI ​​classification model outputs a quantified splash risk level. S3. Based on the splash risk level, perform the graded splash suppression operation corresponding to the risk level.

[0021] The method for preventing splashing when adding molten iron to the converter using a ladle in this embodiment can comprehensively capture the physical, chemical, and hydrodynamic precursors of splashing. By fusing and comparing multiple features, it can determine the splashing risk level and then perform corresponding level of splash suppression operations based on the splashing risk level. This achieves a fundamental shift from passive alarm to active intervention, significantly improving the lead time, accuracy, and reliability of early warnings, and significantly reducing the splashing accident rate and production safety risks.

[0022] Among them, see Figure 1 Step S1 includes: Real-time acquisition of three-dimensional attitude data of molten iron ladle, including tilt angle, angular velocity and acceleration; The tilt angle, angular velocity, and acceleration of the molten iron ladle are fused using a Kalman filter algorithm to eliminate swaying interference during crane operation and hoisting. Obtain the stability index of the molten iron ladle; If the stability index exceeds the set safety threshold range, a splash precursor signal is identified.

[0023] This embodiment utilizes the three-dimensional attitude data of the molten iron ladle and the Kalman filter algorithm to accurately separate the motion of the molten iron ladle actively controlled by the tilting mechanism from the passive swaying caused by external disturbances. This allows for the acquisition of the true tilting stability, reflecting the stability of the molten iron flow, and enables precise quantitative monitoring of the molten iron pouring process. This provides a direct basis for identifying the risk of splashing caused by excessively fast or unstable pouring.

[0024] Among them, see Figure 1 Step S1 includes: Dual-band infrared imaging technology is used to acquire real-time thermal imaging data of the furnace opening; Masking and dynamic deformation tracking are performed on the furnace mouth area to distinguish the characteristics of high-temperature furnace gas radiation and splashes. Obtain the area growth rate and morphological change rate of the sprayed material; If the rate of increase in area and the rate of change in shape exceed the set safety threshold range, then a splash precursor signal will be identified.

[0025] This embodiment utilizes the differences in sensitivity of different infrared bands to flame background and solid / molten radiation to effectively distinguish interference sources from target objects. Combined with mask segmentation and dynamic deformation tracking algorithms, it can automatically and accurately identify and quantify the visual characteristics of early slag overflow or molten iron splashing from complex high-temperature furnace images. This solves the problem that the naked eye and single-band thermal imagers struggle to identify early splashing signs under strong light and high background radiation, achieving a visual early warning system for splash prevention.

[0026] Among them, see Figure 1 Step S1 includes: The rate of change of CO, CO2 and dust concentrations in converter flue gas over time was obtained. Establish time-series slope curves for CO, CO2, and dust concentrations; If the rate of change of CO, CO2 and dust concentrations exceeds the set safety threshold range, a splash precursor signal will be identified.

[0027] This embodiment utilizes the phenomenon that the carbon-oxygen reaction in the furnace accelerates or becomes unbalanced before splashing occurs, leading to a sudden change in the concentration of flue gas components. By obtaining the rate of change of the concentration of each component over time, the severity of the reaction can be sensitively reflected. By establishing a time-series slope curve, the fluctuation range of the rate of change of the converter flue gas component concentration can be reflected, so as to capture the signal of chemical reaction runaway earlier and more quantitatively, providing key chemical dimension early warning information for splash prevention.

[0028] Among them, see Figure 1 Step S1 includes: Microwave radar is used to perform real-time non-contact scanning of the molten pool inside the converter; A layered model of the slag-iron interface state in the furnace was established based on the echo signal of microwave radar. The slag layer thickness and slag-iron liquid level difference are obtained based on the layered model. If the slag layer thickness and the slag-iron liquid level difference exceed the set safety threshold range, a splash precursor signal will be identified.

[0029] This embodiment utilizes the difference in microwave reflection of substances (slag and iron) with different dielectric properties to penetrate flames and flue gas, enabling the detection and modeling of the internal structure of the molten pool. This allows for online, real-time, and direct measurement of slag layer thickness and slag-iron level difference during the molten iron mixing process. Excessive slag layer thickness is one of the core causes of splashing; this embodiment achieves accurate slag measurement, providing precise data for splash prevention.

[0030] Among them, see Figure 1 Step S1 includes: Monitor the liquid level fluctuation signal at the mouth of the molten iron ladle at a sampling frequency of not less than 200Hz; If abnormal jumps in liquid level and turbulent spectral characteristics are identified, then the precursor signal of splashing can be identified.

[0031] This embodiment utilizes the phenomenon that disturbances inside the molten pool before splashing are transmitted to the liquid surface at the ladle opening, manifesting as high-frequency, large-amplitude fluctuations. By employing high-frequency sampling far exceeding the human eye's ability to perceive these subtle signs of hydrodynamic instability, it can capture these subtle precursors of hydrodynamic instability and provide an early warning signal at the source of molten iron for splash prevention.

[0032] Among them, see Figure 1 Step S1 includes: A joint analysis was performed on the micro-pressure difference at the furnace mouth and the vibration spectrum data of the furnace body. Obtain the coupling characteristic value of furnace mouth micro-pressure difference and furnace body vibration spectrum data; If the coupling characteristic value exceeds the set safety threshold range, a splash precursor signal is identified.

[0033] This embodiment, by acquiring the micro-pressure difference at the furnace mouth, can directly reflect the accumulation of gas pressure inside the furnace, i.e., the splashing driving force. By acquiring furnace body vibration spectrum data, it can reflect the impact of energy release on the furnace structure, i.e., splashing behavior. Coupled analysis of these two factors provides a more reliable determination of splash precursor signals than analyzing either factor alone. This embodiment, by acquiring furnace mouth micro-pressure difference and furnace body vibration spectrum data and coupling their analysis, can directly obtain criteria reflecting the physical nature of splashing, resulting in high confidence in early warning and making it particularly suitable for triggering the highest level of emergency response.

[0034] Among them, see Figure 1 Step S2 includes: Obtain the current heat temperature, silicon content, scrap steel loading amount, and target steel grade of the molten iron. The safety threshold range is adjusted based on the molten iron temperature, silicon content, amount of scrap steel loaded, and target steel grade. The data of each splash precursor signal are compared with the corrected safety threshold range, and a comprehensive judgment is made to determine the splash risk level.

[0035] For example, the splash risk levels can be set from low to high as blue alert, yellow alert, orange alert, and red alert. Different splash suppression strategies can be implemented according to the risk level.

[0036] Because the normal parameter range and splashing threshold differ under different operating conditions, this embodiment introduces the current furnace operating parameters, including molten iron temperature, silicon content, scrap steel loading amount, and target steel grade operating conditions, as correction factors. This allows the judgment criteria to dynamically change with production conditions, greatly improving the applicability and reliability under all operating conditions and effectively avoiding false alarms or missed alarms caused by fixed threshold models when operating conditions change.

[0037] Among them, see Figure 1 Step S3 includes: Adjust the pouring speed of the molten iron ladle according to the splash risk level; The start-up and shutdown of the inert gas purging system are controlled according to the splash risk level.

[0038] For example, during a blue warning, the pouring speed of the molten iron ladle is reduced by 10%-20%; during a yellow warning, the pouring speed is reduced by 30%-50%; during an orange warning, the pouring of the molten iron ladle is suspended; during a red warning, the pouring mechanism is locked and the inert gas blowing system is automatically activated to suppress splashing; after the risk signal is eliminated, the system automatically resets and continues or resumes the molten iron pouring process.

[0039] This embodiment adopts different levels of intervention measures according to the splash risk level, avoiding the impact of excessive intervention on production, ensuring decisive and timely intervention when the risk escalates, and realizing a complete automated closed loop. It can complete the entire process from early warning to disposal to recovery without human intervention, with a high degree of safety and automation.

[0040] This embodiment also provides an anti-splashing system for molten iron ladle pouring into a converter, used to implement the method described in the above embodiment. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an anti-splashing system for molten iron ladle pouring into a converter, provided in this embodiment.

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, the anti-splashing system for molten iron ladle charging into the converter in this embodiment includes: a three-axis attitude sensor 1, a dual-band thermal imager 2, an online flue gas composition analyzer 3, a microwave radar 4, a micro-differential pressure sensor 5, a vibration sensor 6, and a control system 7; the three-axis attitude sensor 1 is installed on the molten iron ladle 10 to acquire the three-dimensional attitude data of the molten iron ladle 10; the dual-band thermal imager 2 is installed above the furnace mouth of the converter 11 to acquire the furnace mouth thermal imaging data; the online flue gas composition analyzer 3 is installed on the flue of the converter 11 to acquire the converter flue gas composition data. Component concentration data; microwave radar 4 is installed above converter 11 to acquire slag-iron interface state data in the furnace; micro-differential pressure sensor 5 is installed at the furnace mouth of converter 11 to acquire micro-differential pressure data at the furnace mouth; vibration sensor 6 is installed on the furnace body of converter 11 to acquire furnace body vibration spectrum data; control system 7 is connected to triaxial attitude sensor 1, dual-band thermal imager 2, flue gas component online analysis device 3, microwave radar 4, micro-differential pressure sensor 5, vibration sensor 6, tilting mechanism of molten iron ladle 10, and inert gas injection system 9.

[0042] The control system 7 in this embodiment adopts a PLC control system, which can be directly connected to the existing control system, with low modification cost and strong adaptability.

[0043] The molten iron ladle pouring and converter anti-splashing system of this embodiment can achieve the molten iron ladle pouring and converter anti-splashing method of the above embodiment, and therefore has all the above-mentioned beneficial effects, which will not be repeated here.

[0044] Taking a steel plant as an example, the system of this embodiment will be further described in detail: A three-axis attitude sensor 1 is installed in the molten iron ladle 10, with a sampling frequency of 100Hz; A dual-band thermal imager 2 with a sampling frequency of 50Hz is installed at the furnace mouth of converter 11. A flue gas composition online analysis device 3 is installed in converter 11 flue gas duct, with a sampling frequency of 10Hz; The converter 11 furnace body is equipped with microwave radar 4, micro differential pressure sensor 5 and vibration sensor 6, with sampling frequencies of 10Hz, 100Hz and 100Hz respectively. The control system 7 is equipped with an industrial computer and PLC to achieve data fusion, AI judgment, and linkage control of the tilting mechanism.

[0045] The molten iron ladle 10 tilts to add iron, and various sensors collect data in real time and upload it to the control system.

[0046] The operator enters the following parameters into the HMI interface of the control system 7: molten iron temperature 1380℃, silicon content 0.6%, scrap steel loading amount 12 tons, and target steel grade.

[0047] The control system 7 acquires in real time the stability index of the molten iron ladle 10, the area growth rate and morphological change rate of the splashes, the change rate of CO, CO2 and dust concentration, the slag layer thickness and slag-iron liquid level difference, the peak value of the liquid level fluctuation at the ladle mouth, and the coupled characteristic values ​​of the furnace mouth micro-pressure difference and furnace body vibration spectrum data.

[0048] Based on the stability index of molten iron ladle 10, the area growth rate and morphological change rate of splashes, the change rate of CO, CO2 and dust concentrations, slag layer thickness and slag-iron liquid level difference, ladle mouth liquid level fluctuation peak, coupling characteristics of furnace mouth micro-pressure difference and furnace body vibration spectrum data, and previous furnace operating conditions parameters, the splash risk level is output.

[0049] Perform splash suppression operations corresponding to the risk level: In this heat, the initial stability index of the molten iron ladle was slightly low, triggering a blue warning. The system automatically reduced the pouring speed by 10%. Mid-term monitoring revealed a rapid increase in the slope of flue gas CO concentration and an excessive increase in the area of ​​splashes, leading to an upgrade to a yellow alert, and a further reduction of the dumping rate by 30%. Subsequently, microwave radar 4 detected that the slag thickness was close to the critical value, the peak value of the liquid level fluctuation at the tank opening increased, the risk level was upgraded to orange, and the control system suspended the dumping action. If the coupling characteristic value of the furnace mouth micro-pressure difference and furnace body vibration spectrum data continues to rise, a red warning is triggered. The locking tilting mechanism is controlled, and the inert gas injection system is activated to suppress splashing. Operation is gradually resumed after the molten pool stabilizes. Nitrogen gas can be used as the inert gas.

[0050] The entire process data for this furnace run was automatically stored and used as training samples for the control system's AI model.

[0051] It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the aforementioned advantageous methods can be freely combined and superimposed without conflict.

[0052] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention. The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preventing splashing when adding molten iron to a converter using a ladle, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1. Real-time acquisition of three-dimensional attitude of molten iron ladle, furnace mouth thermal imaging, converter flue gas component concentration, slag-iron interface state in furnace, ladle mouth liquid level fluctuation, furnace mouth micro-pressure difference and furnace body vibration spectrum data, and comparison with the corresponding safety threshold range to identify splash precursor signals. S2. Determine the splash risk level based on the splash precursor signal and the current furnace operating parameters; S3. Based on the splash risk level, perform a graded splash suppression operation corresponding to the risk level.

2. The method for preventing splashing when adding molten iron to a converter using a ladle according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 includes: Real-time acquisition of the three-dimensional attitude data of the molten iron ladle, including tilt angle, angular velocity and acceleration; The tilt angle, angular velocity, and acceleration of the molten iron ladle are fused using a Kalman filter algorithm to eliminate swaying interference during crane operation and hoisting. Obtain the stability index of the molten iron ladle; If the stability index exceeds the set safety threshold range, a splash precursor signal is identified.

3. The method for preventing splashing when adding molten iron to a converter using a ladle according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 includes: The furnace opening thermal imaging data is acquired in real time using dual-band infrared imaging technology. Masking and dynamic deformation tracking are performed on the furnace mouth area to distinguish the characteristics of high-temperature furnace gas radiation and splashes. The area growth rate and morphological change rate of the sprayed material were obtained; If the rate of increase in area and the rate of change in shape exceed the set safety threshold range, then a splash precursor signal is identified.

4. The method for preventing splashing when adding molten iron to a converter using a ladle according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 includes: The rate of change of CO, CO2 and dust concentrations in the converter flue gas components over time was obtained; Establish time-series slope curves for CO, CO2, and dust concentrations; If the rate of change of CO, CO2 and dust concentrations exceeds the set safety threshold range, a splash precursor signal will be identified.

5. The method for preventing splashing when adding molten iron to a converter using a ladle according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 includes: Microwave radar is used to perform real-time non-contact scanning of the molten pool inside the converter; A layered model of the slag-iron interface state in the furnace is established based on the echo signal of the microwave radar. The slag layer thickness and slag-iron liquid level difference are obtained based on the layered model. If the slag layer thickness and the slag-iron liquid level difference exceed the set safety threshold range, a splashing precursor signal will be identified.

6. The method for preventing splashing when adding molten iron to a converter using a ladle according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 includes: The liquid level fluctuation signal at the mouth of the molten iron ladle is monitored at a sampling frequency of not less than 200Hz; If abnormal jumps in liquid level and turbulent spectral characteristics are identified, then the precursor signal of splashing can be identified.

7. The method for preventing splashing when adding molten iron to a converter using a ladle according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 includes: The micro-pressure difference at the furnace mouth and the vibration spectrum data of the furnace body were jointly analyzed; Obtain the coupling characteristic value of the micro-pressure difference at the furnace mouth and the vibration spectrum data of the furnace body; If the coupling characteristic value exceeds the set safety threshold range, a splash precursor signal is identified.

8. The method for preventing splashing when adding molten iron to a converter using a ladle according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2 includes: Obtain the molten iron temperature, silicon content, scrap steel loading amount, and target steel grade for the current heat batch; The safety threshold range is adjusted based on the molten iron temperature, silicon content, scrap steel loading amount, and target steel grade. The data of each splash precursor signal are compared with the corrected safety threshold range, and a comprehensive judgment is made to determine the splash risk level.

9. The method for preventing splashing when adding molten iron to a converter using a ladle according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S3 includes: Adjust the pouring speed of the molten iron ladle according to the splash risk level; The start-up and shutdown of the inert gas purging system are controlled according to the splash risk level.

10. A system for preventing splashing when adding molten iron to a converter using a ladle, characterized in that, The system for implementing the method of any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises: a three-axis attitude sensor, a dual-band thermal imager, an online flue gas component analysis device, a microwave radar, a micro-differential pressure sensor, a vibration sensor, and a control system; The three-axis attitude sensor is mounted on the molten iron ladle and is used to acquire the three-dimensional attitude data of the molten iron ladle. The dual-band thermal imager is positioned above the furnace opening of the converter to acquire thermal imaging data of the furnace opening. The online flue gas component analysis device is installed on the flue of the converter and is used to obtain the concentration data of the converter flue gas components. The microwave radar is installed above the converter and is used to acquire the slag-iron interface status data inside the furnace. The differential pressure sensor is installed at the furnace mouth of the converter to acquire differential pressure data at the furnace mouth; The vibration sensor is installed on the furnace body of the converter to acquire the vibration spectrum data of the furnace body; The control system is connected to the triaxial attitude sensor, the dual-band thermal imager, the flue gas composition online analysis device, the microwave radar, the micro-differential pressure sensor, the vibration sensor, the tilting mechanism of the molten iron ladle, and the inert gas injection system.

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