A method for treating salinization of a roof garden of a garage

Abstract

The application relates to a garage roof greening land salinization treatment method, which comprises the following steps: S1, laying a drainage blind pipe on a water filtering layer of a garage roof, the drainage blind pipe is arranged at a set interval and is inclined to a sedimentation tank to form an organized drainage system; S2, constructing a reinforced concrete sedimentation tank at the pipe network end of the drainage blind pipe, setting a filter layer and a submersible pump in the sedimentation tank, adopting a gravity flow water collecting and active forced discharge combined mode to guide away accumulated water, and washing away salt in the soil through water flow; S3, laying a physical isolation layer on an existing soil surface layer of a to-be-improved area to block soil capillary channels and inhibit the upward migration of lower layer salt; in the application, the drainage system provides an outlet channel for salt leaching, the physical isolation layer blocks the upward migration of salt to create a low-salt environment for a planting layer, microtopography reconstruction strengthens the leaching efficiency, and chemical improvement reduces the soil alkalinity, so that the comprehensive treatment of the salinization of the garage roof greening land is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of greening and saline-alkali land management, and particularly to a method for managing the salinization of green areas on garage roofs. Background Technology

[0002] With the advancement of urban vertical greening construction, underground parking garage rooftop greening has become an important engineering form for expanding urban green space and increasing green coverage. However, parking garage rooftop greening sites have unique underlying surface conditions: the underlying structure is impermeable reinforced concrete, the thickness of the planting soil layer is limited by the load, and the drainage path within the soil differs significantly from that of the natural ground. Under evaporation, salts in the deep soil and groundwater easily rise to the surface through capillary action and accumulate. Coupled with factors such as the accumulation of mineralization in irrigation water and the lateral migration of salts from the surrounding area, soil salinization is a common problem in parking garage rooftop greening sites. This can lead to vegetation yellowing and declining growth in mild cases, and large-scale vegetation death in severe cases, seriously damaging the landscape effect and increasing maintenance costs.

[0003] Existing salinization remediation technologies are mostly designed for natural ground sites, with mainstream methods including replacing topsoil, applying soil conditioners, and digging open drainage ditches. However, directly applying these technologies to garage rooftop greening projects presents significant technical limitations. First, conventional drainage systems are poorly laid out and do not take into account the characteristics of the closed underlying surface of the garage roof to construct a sophisticated salt drainage network. As a result, the salt in the soil cannot be continuously and efficiently drained with the accumulated water, making it difficult to eradicate deep-seated salt deposits. After treatment, salt rebound is very likely to occur. Second, the lack of targeted physical salt-barrier structures means that salt in the lower soil layer can continuously migrate upwards to the planting layer through soil capillary action. Chemical improvement alone cannot block the upward migration of salt, and the improvement effect has a short duration. Third, most garage rooftop greening adopts a flat terrain design, resulting in dispersed surface runoff and short leaching paths. It cannot enhance natural drainage and salt leaching efficiency through terrain guidance, and the overall salt reduction speed is slow. Fourth, the root zone structure was not optimized for the saline-alkali environment when the trees were planted. The bottom of the tree pit was prone to water and salt accumulation and poor ventilation, resulting in a low survival rate of transplanted trees, and the root growth was restricted and the trees were weak in resistance to adverse conditions in the later stages. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose a method for treating the salinization of green areas on garage roofs, in order to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: This invention discloses a method for treating salinization of green areas on garage roofs, the method comprising the following steps: S1, Drainage blind pipes are laid on the filter layer of the garage roof slab. The drainage blind pipes are arranged at a set interval and slope towards the sedimentation tank to form an organized drainage system. S2, a reinforced concrete sedimentation tank is constructed at the end of the drainage blind pipe network. A filter layer and a submersible pump are installed in the sedimentation tank. The accumulated water is discharged by a combination of gravity flow water collection and active forced drainage, and the salt in the soil is washed away by the water flow. S3, lay a physical isolation layer on the existing soil surface layer in the area to be improved to block the capillary pathways of the soil and inhibit the upward migration of lower layer salts; S4 uses planting soil to create a gentle slope micro-topography, forming an undulating green interface, while guiding surface runoff and improving natural drainage efficiency. S5 involves deep tilling and sun-drying the topsoil of the micro-topography, mixing phosphogypsum into the soil, replacing sodium ions in the soil colloids with calcium ions, and reducing soil alkalinity and pH value through irrigation leaching. S6 involves setting a pebble drainage layer at the bottom of the tree pit for transplanting trees, and then backfilling with improved planting soil to complete the planting, thus forming a local drainage and ventilation system in the root zone of the trees.

[0006] Furthermore, in step S1, the drainage blind pipe is a UPVC110 blind pipe, arranged in a fishbone shape, with a spacing of 4m between adjacent drainage blind pipes; the top two sides of the drainage blind pipe have openings with a diameter of 10mm, the opening spacing is 100mm, and the outside of the drainage blind pipe is covered with non-woven fabric.

[0007] Furthermore, in step S1, before laying the drainage blind pipe, a 100mm thick layer of medium sand is laid on the filter layer of the garage roof. After the drainage blind pipe is placed, crushed stone is used to backfill and compact the area around the blind pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, in step S2, the internal dimensions of the reinforced concrete sedimentation tank are 2m long, 2m wide, and 2.5m deep.

[0009] Furthermore, in step S3, the physical isolation layer consists of a 50mm thick layer of rice husks or wheat straw and a 100mm thick layer of crushed stone backfill, from bottom to top.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S4, the height of the gentle slope micro-topography is 60-90cm.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S5, the depth of deep plowing and sun-drying is 300mm below the surface of the micro-topography, and phosphogypsum is evenly mixed into the soil layer.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S6, the thickness of the pebble drainage layer is 200mm, and the pebble particle size is 100mm; a 300mm thick layer of special improved planting soil is backfilled on top of the pebble drainage layer.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S6, the width of the tree pit for planting trees is 400-600mm larger than the diameter of the tree root ball; a gravel drainage layer and a fine sand cushion layer are set at the bottom of the tree pit from bottom to top, with a total thickness of 200-300mm.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: In this invention, the drainage system provides a discharge channel for salt leaching, the physical isolation layer blocks the upward movement of salt to create a low-salt environment for the planting layer, the micro-topography modification enhances the leaching efficiency, and the chemical improvement reduces soil alkalinity, together achieving comprehensive treatment of salinization of the green area on the roof of the garage. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drainage blind pipe structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0017] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," and "back," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0018] Furthermore, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "connector" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in light of the specific circumstances.

[0019] The following will refer to the appendix. Figure 1 The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments.

[0020] Overall, this embodiment discloses a method for treating salinization of green areas on garage roofs, which includes the following steps: Step S1: Lay drainage blind pipes on the filter layer of the garage roof. The drainage blind pipes are arranged at a set interval and slope towards the sedimentation tank to form an organized drainage system. Step S2: Construct a reinforced concrete sedimentation tank at the end of the drainage blind pipe network. Install a filter layer and a submersible pump in the sedimentation tank. Use a combination of gravity flow water collection and active forced drainage to remove the accumulated water and wash away the salt in the soil through water flow. In this embodiment, a sophisticated and organized drainage system is constructed on the impermeable subsurface of the garage roof using a combination of blind drainage pipes, sedimentation tanks, and active forced drainage. The blind drainage pipes are arranged at predetermined intervals and slope towards the sedimentation tank, efficiently collecting and draining water containing dissolved salts from the soil, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional drainage systems that are poorly laid out and unable to continuously remove salts. The sedimentation tank is equipped with a filter layer and a submersible pump, employing a combination of gravity flow collection and active forced drainage. Even in flat terrain with insufficient natural drainage, the forced drainage can completely remove saline water from the system.

[0021] When performing step S1, as follows Figure 2 As shown, the drainage blind pipes are made of UPVC110 blind pipes and are arranged in a fishbone shape. The distance between adjacent drainage blind pipes is 4m. The top two sides of the drainage blind pipes have openings with a diameter of 10mm and a spacing of 100mm between the openings. The outside of the drainage blind pipes is covered with non-woven fabric.

[0022] It should be noted that the main pipes are spaced 4m apart, and the main pipes are equipped with fishbone-shaped branch pipes with a spacing of 1m between the branch pipes. The branch pipes are connected to the main pipes at an acute angle.

[0023] Based on this, even under conditions of heavy rain or intensive irrigation, saline water can be quickly and evenly collected and drained. In addition, the non-woven fabric covering the outside of the blind pipe forms a reliable solid-liquid separation interface, preventing salt backflow caused by clogging.

[0024] It should be noted that before laying the drainage blind pipe, a 100mm thick layer of medium sand with a particle size of 0.35 to 0.50 mm should be laid on the filter layer of the garage roof. After placing the drainage blind pipe, the area around the blind pipe should be backfilled and compacted with crushed stone, and finally buried with the original soil of the site.

[0025] In this embodiment, the medium sand is soft and uniformly graded, serving as a flexible buffer layer. This effectively prevents physical damage or puncture to the waterproofing and filtration layers of the garage roof during subsequent backfilling with crushed stone or mechanical construction, fundamentally ensuring the structural safety of the underground garage. The medium sand layer also possesses good plasticity, allowing for precise leveling according to the designed slope during construction, providing a slope reference for the upper drainage blind pipes. Preferably, it is clean river sand with a natural gradation and an average particle size of 0.35–0.50 mm.

[0026] As a preferred structure in this embodiment, in step S2, the internal dimensions of the reinforced concrete sedimentation tank are 2m long, 2m wide, and 2.5m deep.

[0027] A full-coverage filter board is added to the bottom layer of the garage roof to improve the overall water filtration and drainage performance of the roof; at the same time, the drainage network is constructed with a herringbone-shaped branch pipe system, with multiple sets of branch pipes connected at sharp angles to the main pipe, expanding the water collection area and solving the problem of insufficient salt washing efficiency of simple main pipe drainage. Step S3: Lay a physical isolation layer on the existing soil surface layer of the area to be improved to block the capillary pathways of the soil and inhibit the upward migration of lower layer salts. This invention lays a physical isolation layer on the existing soil surface layer in the area to be improved, which can effectively cut off the capillary pathways of the soil and inhibit the salt in the underlying soil from migrating upward to the planting layer with capillary water.

[0028] In step S3, the physical isolation layer consists of a 50mm thick layer of rice husks or wheat straw and a 100mm thick layer of crushed stone backfill, from bottom to top.

[0029] The lower 50mm thick layer of rice husks or wheat straw has a loose, porous, and fluffy natural structure. The air gaps formed by the numerous interwoven fibers can completely disrupt the continuous upward flow of capillary water in the soil. The upper 100mm thick layer of crushed stone backfill serves two purposes: firstly, it acts as a rigid skeleton layer, protecting the fiber layer from compaction and maintaining its long-term salt-barrier properties; secondly, the high porosity of the crushed stone layer itself allows it to guide any trace amounts of upward or lateral seepage water that might bypass the rice husk layer to the surrounding drainage system.

[0030] Meanwhile, the slow decomposition of rice husks and wheat straw in the soil can increase the soil organic matter content and further improve the soil structure. Step S4 involves using planting soil to create a gentle slope micro-topography, forming an undulating green interface, while guiding surface runoff and improving natural drainage efficiency; micro-topography modification can guide the concentrated flow of surface runoff and enhance the leaching effect on soil salts.

[0031] In specific settings, in step S4, the height of the gentle slope micro-topography is 60-90cm.

[0032] Step S5: Deeply till and dry the planting soil on the surface of the micro-topography, mix phosphogypsum into the soil, replace sodium ions in the soil colloid with calcium ions, and reduce soil alkalinity and pH value by irrigation leaching. In practice, the deep plowing and sun-drying is carried out to a depth of 300mm below the surface of the micro-topography, and phosphogypsum is evenly mixed into the soil layer.

[0033] It should be noted that the main root activity layer of most landscaping plants (lawns, ground cover, flowering shrubs, and shallow-rooted trees) is concentrated within 200-400mm below the ground surface. This invention determines the depth of deep plowing, sun-drying, and phosphogypsum mixing to be 300mm, which precisely covers the main absorption area of ​​the plant roots.

[0034] Step S6: Set a pebble drainage layer at the bottom of the tree pit for transplanting trees, and then backfill with improved planting soil to complete the planting, forming a local drainage and aeration system in the root zone of the trees.

[0035] This invention involves setting a pebble drainage layer at the bottom of the tree planting pit, followed by backfilling with improved planting soil to complete the planting, thus forming an independent local drainage and aeration system in the tree root zone. This structure effectively prevents water and salt accumulation at the bottom of the planting pit, improves root zone aeration, and prevents salt from rising and endangering the plant root system due to poor drainage.

[0036] The aforementioned pebble drainage layer is 200mm thick, with pebbles having a particle size of 100mm; a 300mm thick layer of specially improved planting soil is then backfilled on top of the pebble drainage layer.

[0037] It should be noted that the special improved planting soil is the planting soil that has been deeply tilled and sun-dried, evenly mixed with phosphogypsum, composted and matured in step S5, and has passed the test.

[0038] In step S6, the width of the planting pit for trees is 400-600 mm larger than the diameter of the tree's root ball; this configuration provides ample space for the new root system to extend.

[0039] In addition, a gravel drainage layer and a fine sand pad are set at the bottom of the tree pit from bottom to top, with a total thickness of 200-300mm; this structure can quickly drain excess water from the tree pit to the side or seep into the surrounding drainage blind pipe system.

[0040] In detail, the planting soil structure of the gentle slope micro-topography consists of the following layers from top to bottom: a 300mm thick planting soil layer mixed with phosphogypsum, a 100mm thick gravel backfill layer, a 50mm thick rice husk or wheat straw layer, and the original soil layer of the site below.

[0041] In summary, the drainage system provides a channel for salt leaching, the physical isolation layer blocks the upward movement of salt to create a low-salt environment for the planting layer, the micro-topography modification enhances leaching efficiency, and the chemical improvement reduces soil alkalinity, together achieving a comprehensive treatment of salinization of the green area on the garage roof.

[0042] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for treating salinization of green areas on garage roofs, characterized in that, The governance method includes the following steps: S1, Drainage blind pipes are laid on the filter layer of the garage roof, and the drainage blind pipes are arranged at a set interval and slope towards the sedimentation tank to form an organized drainage system. S2, a reinforced concrete sedimentation tank is constructed at the end of the drainage blind pipe network. A filter layer and a submersible pump are installed in the sedimentation tank. The accumulated water is discharged by a combination of gravity flow water collection and active forced drainage, and the salt in the soil is washed away by the water flow. S3, lay a physical isolation layer on the existing soil surface layer in the area to be improved to block the capillary pathways of the soil and inhibit the upward migration of lower layer salts; S4 uses planting soil to create a gentle slope micro-topography, forming an undulating green interface, while guiding surface runoff and improving natural drainage efficiency. S5 involves deep tilling and sun-drying the topsoil of the micro-topography, mixing phosphogypsum into the soil, replacing sodium ions in the soil colloids with calcium ions, and reducing soil alkalinity and pH value through irrigation leaching. S6 involves setting a pebble drainage layer at the bottom of the tree pit for transplanting trees, and then backfilling with improved planting soil to complete the planting, thus forming a local drainage and ventilation system in the root zone of the trees.

2. The method for treating salinization of green areas on garage roofs according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the drainage blind pipe is a UPVC110 blind pipe, arranged in a fishbone shape, with a spacing of 4m between adjacent drainage blind pipes; the top two sides of the drainage blind pipe have openings with a diameter of 10mm, the opening spacing is 100mm, and the outside of the drainage blind pipe is covered with non-woven fabric.

3. The method for treating salinization of green areas on garage roofs according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, before laying the drainage blind pipe, a 100mm thick layer of medium sand is laid on the filter layer of the garage roof. After placing the drainage blind pipe, the area around the blind pipe is backfilled and compacted with crushed stone.

4. The method for treating salinization of green areas on garage roofs according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the internal dimensions of the reinforced concrete sedimentation tank are 2m long, 2m wide, and 2.5m deep.

5. The method for treating salinization of green areas on garage roofs according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the physical isolation layer consists of a 50mm thick layer of rice husks or wheat straw and a 100mm thick layer of crushed stone backfill, from bottom to top.

6. The method for treating salinization of green areas on garage roofs according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the height of the gentle slope micro-topography is 60-90cm.

7. The method for treating salinization of green areas on garage roofs according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the depth of deep plowing and sun-drying is 300mm below the surface of the micro-topography, and phosphogypsum is evenly mixed into the soil layer.

8. The method for treating salinization of green areas on garage roofs according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, the thickness of the pebble drainage layer is 200mm and the pebble particle size is 100mm; a 300mm thick layer of special improved planting soil is backfilled on top of the pebble drainage layer.

9. A method for treating salinization of green areas on garage roofs according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, the width of the tree pit for planting trees is 400-600mm larger than the diameter of the tree's root ball; the bottom of the tree pit is set with a gravel drainage layer and a fine sand cushion layer from bottom to top, with a total thickness of 200-300mm.

Images