Spliced household PVC foam board and processing equipment thereof

Abstract

The application discloses spliced household PVC foamed plate and processing equipment thereof and belongs to the technical field of PVC foamed plate. The plate comprises a PVC foamed plate body, a protective layer and a colloid. A main hole is formed in the surface of the PVC foamed plate body. A plurality of side holes extending radially outward are formed in the inner wall of the main hole. A hollow connecting rod is installed on the protective layer and inserted into the main hole. The colloid is filled into the main hole and the side holes and connected and fixed with the hollow connecting rod. The root hair-shaped anchoring structure formed by solidification of the colloid in the main hole and the side holes bears, the combination of the protective layer and the PVC foamed plate body no longer depends on interface bonding, and thus the problem that the protective layer is easy to bubble and delaminate is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of PVC foam board technology, specifically to a spliced ​​PVC foam board for home furnishings and its processing equipment. Background Technology

[0002] PVC foam board is a sheet material made from polyvinyl chloride resin as a matrix, with the addition of foaming agents, stabilizers, lubricants, and processing aids, followed by extrusion foaming. Its core layer consists of numerous tiny cells, giving it advantages such as light weight, moisture resistance, heat insulation, easy processing, and low cost. It is widely used in the home furnishing industry as wall panels, wainscoting, cabinet panels, and interlocking decorative panels. Interlocking PVC foam boards typically have tongue-and-groove joints on the sides, allowing for quick installation through the interlocking of adjacent boards.

[0003] Existing modular PVC foam boards for home furnishings are mostly used directly on the board itself, with the outer surface exposed. Because the surface hardness of PVC foam boards is low and the foam core layer undergoes non-rebound plastic deformation under pressure, everyday use in a home environment can lead to scratches, dents, and damage from children's toys, pen marks, pet scratches and chews, and furniture dragging. This damage cannot heal itself. Once the surface is torn, the pores of the foam core are exposed, absorbing water and dirt, turning black and moldy, significantly shortening the board's lifespan. To improve this situation, current technology typically laminates a wear-resistant protective layer onto the outer surface of the PVC foam board. This lamination is usually achieved by applying adhesive to the board surface and then rolling it onto the protective layer, or by using hot melt adhesive or hot-press transfer to attach the protective layer to the board surface.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned methods of applying a protective layer to the surface of PVC foam board still have the following drawbacks: the composite protective layer is difficult to achieve a durable and reliable bond, and bubbling, curling, and delamination are common during use. The reason for this is that the above-mentioned composite methods rely solely on the chemical bonding between the adhesive and the board surface as the only way to achieve the required bonding strength, and PVC foam board has inherent obstacles in this process due to the characteristics of the material itself. On the one hand, the formulation of PVC foam boards must include lubricants and processing aids such as paraffin wax, stearates, and polyethylene wax. These low-molecular-weight substances continuously migrate and accumulate on the surface of the board during extrusion molding and storage, forming a weak boundary layer that can be easily peeled off. This significantly reduces the effective surface free energy of the board, and the adhesive actually adheres to this extruded layer rather than the board itself. Peeling results in interface damage rather than substrate damage, and the extruded layer thickens continuously with prolonged storage time, causing the bonding strength to decrease over time. On the other hand, the softening temperature of PVC foam boards is much lower than the temperature required for conventional thermal lamination processes. Heating and pressurizing will cause the cells to collapse, while cooling will prevent the adhesive layer from flowing and wetting sufficiently, creating a temperature dilemma. At the same time, the openings on the surface of the board will absorb the adhesive, causing a lack of adhesive, and the air trapped in the pores will expand when heated, forming point-like bubbles. Therefore, this defect cannot be eliminated by adjusting process parameters such as the amount of adhesive applied, bonding temperature, or pressure. Rather, it stems from the inherent conflict between chemical bonding, a load-bearing method, and the low surface energy, heat sensitivity, and porosity of PVC foam. Thus, there is an urgent need for a technical solution that can reliably bond the protective layer to the PVC foam board without relying on interfacial chemical bonding. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a spliced ​​PVC foam board for home furnishings and its processing equipment, so as to solve the problems in the prior art where the protective layer and the PVC foam board can only rely on interfacial chemical bonding for support, while the PVC foam board surface has a weak boundary layer formed by the precipitation of additives, the material is heat-sensitive and the surface is porous, resulting in low bonding strength of the protective layer, which decays over time and is prone to bubbling, curling, delamination and peeling.

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solution: a splicing type PVC foam board for home furnishing, comprising: a PVC foam board body, the surface of which has a main hole, and the inner wall of the main hole has a plurality of side holes extending radially outward; a protective layer covering the surface of the PVC foam board body, and a hollow connecting rod inserted into the main hole is installed on the protective layer; and an adhesive filling the main hole and the side holes, and connected and fixed to the hollow connecting rod.

[0007] A processing device for interlocking PVC foam boards for home furnishings includes: a processing table, on which a drilling mechanism and an integration mechanism are installed, and a driving mechanism is installed on the processing table, the driving mechanism being located between the drilling mechanism and the integration mechanism, and a connecting rod being installed at the output end of the driving mechanism; a pressing plate, which is installed at the bottom end of the connecting rod, and multiple extrusion components are installed at the bottom end of the pressing plate; wherein, the drilling mechanism is used to process a main hole in the PVC foam board body; the multiple extrusion components are used to extend into the main hole and radially heat-melt puncture the inner wall of the main hole to form multiple frustum-shaped side holes; the integration mechanism is used to inject colloid into the main hole and the side holes, and press the hollow connecting rod of the protective layer into the main hole, so that the colloid fills the side holes to form a root-like anchoring structure, and excess colloid is discharged through the hollow connecting rod.

[0008] Preferably, the extrusion assembly includes a limiting cylinder and a barb assembly. The limiting cylinder has multiple evenly distributed extrusion holes, and a fixing ring is installed at the top of the limiting cylinder. The fixing ring is connected to the bottom of the pressing plate.

[0009] Preferably, the barb assembly includes an insertion rod disposed within a limiting cylinder, a movable rod mounted at the bottom end of the insertion rod, and a plurality of rotary telescopic units matching the movable rod mounted at the bottom end of the pressing plate, the output end of the rotary telescopic unit being connected to the movable rod.

[0010] Preferably, the insertion rod is surrounded by an integrated block, and the integrated block is surrounded by multiple sets of transmission cylinders, with a sealing cylinder mounted on one set of the transmission cylinders via a bearing.

[0011] Preferably, a heat-conducting barb is slidably connected inside the sealing cylinder, and a tapered spike is installed at the top of the heat-conducting barb.

[0012] Preferably, the sealing cylinder is made of a heat-insulating material.

[0013] Preferably, the heat-conducting barb is composed of multiple heat-conducting rods, and the shape of the heat-conducting barb is set as a frustum.

[0014] Preferably, the thermal conductivity of the multiple heat-conducting rods increases segment by segment along the extension direction of the heat-conducting barbs.

[0015] Preferably, an air pump is installed inside the integrated block, and the output end of the air pump is connected to multiple transmission cylinders.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows: 1. This invention involves creating multiple radially outward extending side holes on the inner wall of the main hole of the PVC foam board body. This allows the colloid to penetrate into the board body through the main hole and then solidify, forming a root-like anchoring structure composed of the colloid pillars in the main hole and the colloid branches in the multiple side holes. This transforms the load-bearing mode of the protective layer from peeling failure that extends along the interface to shear failure that requires cutting off all the colloid branches one by one. The source of the bonding force is thus decoupled from the surface state of the board and is no longer affected by additive precipitation, low surface energy, and porous adhesive absorption. Its magnitude depends on the shear strength of the colloid and the total cross-sectional area of ​​the colloid branches, two designable quantities that do not decay over time. This fundamentally solves the problem of easy bubbling, curling, and delamination of the protective layer.

[0017] 2. This invention addresses the problem of the loose foam core layer and low radial compressive strength, which prevents the formation of side holes on the inner wall of the main hole. It proposes an extrusion assembly consisting of a limiting cylinder and a barb assembly. After the limiting cylinder extends into the main hole, its outer wall fits against the hole wall, diffusing the puncture reaction force circumferentially to the entire hole wall to prevent collapse. Simultaneously, it only releases force at the extrusion hole, precisely concentrating the force at the predetermined puncture point. The inner wall of the limiting cylinder also forms a circumferential constraint on the sealing cylinder mounted via a bearing. When the sealing cylinder descends to the extrusion hole, the constraint is released, and it rotates for alignment. These two processes are mutually conditional; the descent, alignment, rotation, and barb release sequence is automatically completed based solely on the relative positions of the parts, allowing for the directional formation of side holes in a low-strength porous substrate without the need for sensors or angle control.

[0018] 3. This invention addresses the dual constraints of tearing of the hole wall and shrinkage due to room temperature extrusion, as well as the small space inside the main hole and the inability to lay electrical circuits due to the reciprocating rotation of the sealing cylinder via the bearing. The heating element is placed inside a transmission cylinder that does not rotate with the sealing cylinder. Gas serves as both the driving medium and the heat carrier. Rapid heat storage is achieved through an air intake and return circulation loop and a thermal contact seat at the retraction position. At the same time, the frustum-shaped outline of the heat-conducting barb is matched with its increasing thermal conductivity along the extension direction, forming a propulsion process of softening and opening the tip, extruding and expanding the hole in the middle section, and cooling and shaping at the root. This allows the extruded material to fill the adjacent bubble cavity nearby, stably obtaining a side hole with a large opening and a small inner diameter and a dense layer on the hole wall. It also achieves four effects: no glue absorption, no rebound, no water seepage, and easy glue injection. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the PVC foam board processing equipment provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the driving mechanism provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the pressing plate provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the extrusion assembly provided by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the limiting cylinder provided by the present invention; Figure 6 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the barb assembly provided by the present invention; Figure 7 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the heat-conducting barb rod in its normal moving state provided by the present invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the heat-conducting barb rod in its working and moving state, provided by the present invention.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Processing table; 2. Pressing plate; 3. Extrusion assembly; 4. Limiting cylinder; 5. Barb assembly; 11. Drive mechanism; 12. Connecting rod; 41. Extrusion hole; 42. Fixing ring; 51. Insertion rod; 52. Moving rod; 53. Integrated block; 54. Sealing cylinder; 55. Heat-conducting barb rod; 56. Transfer cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0022] Example 1 Existing PVC foam boards have limited functionality. When used in home settings, their outer surface is directly exposed. In daily life, children's toys bump into them, pens scribble on them, pets scratch and chew on them, and furniture dragging and rubbing against them will leave scratches, dents, and damage on the surface. Because the surface of PVC foam boards has low hardness and the foam core layer undergoes non-rebound plastic deformation after being compressed, the above damage cannot be repaired on its own. Once the surface is scratched, the openings in the foam core layer are exposed. After absorbing water and dirt, the foam core layer turns black and moldy, significantly reducing the lifespan and appearance quality of the boards.

[0023] Therefore, a wear-resistant protective layer needs to be laminated on its outer surface. However, due to the special material of PVC foam board, it is difficult to obtain reliable bonding force using traditional glue bonding methods. Specifically, this manifests as blistering of the film, peeling of the edges, dotted bulges, and substandard peel strength. Even qualified boards that are manufactured will delaminate and peel off after several weeks or months in sunlight, heating, or humid environments, especially at the seams and corners where they first peel and turn black.

[0024] The reason for this is that PVC foam board formulations must include lubricants and processing aids such as paraffin wax, stearates, and polyethylene wax. These low-molecular-weight substances continuously migrate to and accumulate on the surface of the board during extrusion molding and storage, forming a weak boundary layer on the surface. This significantly reduces the effective surface free energy of the board. The adhesive actually adheres to this easily peelable exudate rather than the board itself. Peeling results in interface damage rather than substrate damage.

[0025] Meanwhile, the softening temperature of PVC foam board is much lower than the temperature required by conventional thermal lamination process. Heating and pressurizing will cause the foam cells to collapse and the board surface to become concave and lose its gloss. Cooling will prevent the adhesive layer from flowing and wetting sufficiently, creating a dilemma in terms of temperature. In addition, the openings exposed after sanding or milling the surface of the board will absorb the adhesive and cause a lack of adhesive. The air trapped in the pores will expand when heated and form dot-like bubbles.

[0026] The aforementioned failures cannot be eliminated by adjusting process parameters, but are inherent defects determined by the low surface energy, heat sensitivity, and porosity of PVC foam material itself. It is difficult to obtain a durable and reliable bond on this substrate by simply relying on the chemical bonding route of adhesives.

[0027] In this embodiment, a splicing type PVC foam board for home furnishing is provided, which includes a PVC foam board body, a protective layer and an adhesive.

[0028] The PVC foam board body has multiple main holes on its surface. Multiple side holes extending radially outward are formed on the inner wall of each main hole. The walls of the side holes have a densified layer formed by heat melting. A protective layer covers the surface of the PVC foam board body with the main holes. Multiple hollow connecting rods, corresponding one-to-one with the main holes, are installed on the side of the protective layer facing the PVC foam board body. These hollow connecting rods are inserted into the main holes. Adhesive fills the main holes and side holes and is connected and fixed to the hollow connecting rods. The sides of the PVC foam board body have tongue-and-groove joints for splicing adjacent boards.

[0029] The working principle of the above structure: This embodiment abandons the technical route of relying on the chemical bonding between the adhesive and the surface of the board to bear the bonding force, and instead achieves locking through the interlocking of geometric shapes.

[0030] Before curing, the colloid is in a flowable state. It enters through the main hole and seeps into the interior of the PVC foam board through the side holes on the inner wall of the main hole. After curing, the colloid column in the main hole and the colloid branch in the side holes are connected to form a root-like anchoring structure similar to tree roots rooted into the soil. The hollow connecting rod is wrapped and fixed in the colloid column.

[0031] When the protective layer is subjected to peeling or pull-out forces from the outside, the direction of the load is approximately perpendicular to the axis of each adhesive branch. In order to detach the protective layer from the PVC foam board body, all adhesive branches must be cut off one by one along their roots. Therefore, the failure mode of the connection changes from peeling failure that extends along the interface to shear failure of the adhesive branches. The connection strength no longer depends on the uncontrollable adhesive properties of the PVC foam board surface, but on the shear strength of the adhesive itself and the total cross-sectional area of ​​all adhesive branches. Both of these are designable, calculable, and do not decay over time.

[0032] It should be emphasized that the core improvement of this embodiment lies in addressing the inherent defect of PVC foam boards, which is that the protective layer cannot adhere firmly due to the weak boundary layer on the surface, the heat sensitivity of the material, and the porous surface. Instead of the conventional approach of relying mainly on chemical bonding, radially extending side holes are further opened on the inner wall of the main hole. This allows the colloid to form a root-like anchoring structure that extends laterally into the interior of the board after curing. This changes the load-bearing method from interfacial peeling to adhesive branch shear resistance, decoupling the source of bonding force from the surface state of the board. At the same time, the densification layer of the side hole wall seals the originally open pores, preventing the colloid from being absorbed by the pores and blocking moisture from seeping in along the pores, thus balancing anchoring strength and moisture and mildew prevention.

[0033] It should be noted that each side hole is evenly distributed around the circumference of the main hole, so that the root-like anchoring structure is subjected to balanced force in all directions, avoiding the premature shearing of the adhesive branches due to concentrated force on one side, which could lead to a chain failure.

[0034] It should be noted that the side holes are frustum-shaped, with the larger end located on the inner wall of the main hole and the smaller end located inside the PVC foam board body. This shape allows the colloid to narrow gradually as it fills, with the flow resistance increasing gradually along the path without abrupt changes, which is beneficial for the colloid to fill to the end of the side holes. At the same time, the root of the colloid has the largest cross-sectional area, which corresponds precisely to the part where the stress is most concentrated under shear, thereby improving the shear bearing capacity of the colloid.

[0035] In this embodiment, the inner cavity of the hollow connecting rod extends to the side surface of the protective layer that faces away from the main body of the PVC foam board. The motivation for setting this through-cavity is that if the hollow connecting rod is a solid structure, during its insertion into the main hole, the air and displaced colloid inside the hole will have nowhere to escape, forming an airlock. On the one hand, this would prevent the colloid from fully filling each side hole, and on the other hand, the air pressure formed inside the hole would push up the protective layer, causing local bulges on the board surface and loss of flatness.

[0036] After the through-hole is set, the air in the hole can be smoothly discharged through the through-hole, eliminating the airlock effect and ensuring that the colloid is fully squeezed into each side hole during the pressing process; excess colloid also overflows to the outer surface of the protective layer through the through-hole, so that the protective layer can completely adhere to the surface of the PVC foam board body and remain flat; after the overflowing colloid cures on the outer surface of the protective layer, it forms an overflow cap, which is connected to the colloid column in the main hole through the colloid in the through-hole, forming a secondary lock in the thickness direction of the protective layer, further improving the pull-out resistance.

[0037] Example 2 It is understandable that in Embodiment 1, the formation of the root-like anchoring structure is based on the premise that multiple radially extending side holes are pre-processed on the inner wall of the main hole, and how to process such side holes on the PVC foam board becomes the key to whether this solution can be implemented.

[0038] If mechanical cutting is used, the tool needs to be inserted into the main hole with a limited diameter and fed radially within the hole. It is difficult to guarantee the rigidity of the tool and the chip space. More importantly, the core layer of PVC foam board is a loose structure composed of a large number of thin-walled cells, which has very low radial compressive strength. Whether the side holes are formed on the hole wall by cutting or cold extrusion, the force will cause the entire hole wall to be pushed, crushed, or even collapsed, making it impossible to obtain side holes with regular shape and accurate position. At the same time, mechanical cutting will cut open the cells on the hole wall one by one, making the side hole wall full of openings. The subsequently injected adhesive will be largely absorbed by these openings, causing adhesive branches to be missing or broken, which will weaken the anchoring effect.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 8 To address the aforementioned issues, this embodiment provides a processing device for spliced ​​PVC foam boards for home furnishings, which includes a processing table 1 and a pressing plate 2. A drilling mechanism and an integration mechanism are installed on the processing table 1. A driving mechanism 11 is also installed on the processing table 1. The driving mechanism 11 is located between the drilling mechanism and the integration mechanism, and a connecting rod 12 is installed at the output end of the driving mechanism 11.

[0040] The pressing plate 2 is installed at the bottom end of the connecting rod 12, and multiple extrusion components 3 are installed at the bottom end of the pressing plate 2. The extrusion component 3 includes a limiting cylinder 4 and a barb component 5. The limiting cylinder 4 has multiple evenly distributed extrusion holes 41, and a fixing ring 42 is installed at the top end of the limiting cylinder 4. The fixing ring 42 is connected to the bottom end of the pressing plate 2.

[0041] The barb assembly 5 includes an insertion rod 51 disposed inside the limiting cylinder 4. A movable rod 52 is installed at the top of the insertion rod 51. Multiple rotary telescopic units that match the movable rod 52 are installed at the bottom of the pressing plate 2. The output end of the rotary telescopic unit is connected to the movable rod 52.

[0042] An integrated block 53 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the insertion rod 51. Multiple sets of transmission cylinders 56 are spaced apart along the circumferential direction on the outer periphery of the integrated block 53. A sealing cylinder 54 is installed at the outer end of each set of transmission cylinders 56 through a bearing. A heat-conducting barb rod 55 is slidably connected inside the sealing cylinder 54. A conical spike is installed on the protruding end of the heat-conducting barb rod 55 away from the integrated block 53. An air pump is installed inside the integrated block 53. The output end of the air pump is connected to multiple transmission cylinders 56.

[0043] The working principle of the processing equipment is as follows: First, the drilling mechanism processes multiple main holes on the PVC foam board body. Then, the PVC foam board body is transported to the bottom of the pressing plate 2 and stopped. It should be noted that the drilling mechanism is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0044] Start the drive mechanism 11. The drive mechanism 11 drives the pressing plate 2 to move downward as a whole through the connecting rod 12. The multiple extrusion components 3 at the bottom of the pressing plate 2 then descend, and each limiting cylinder 4 extends into the corresponding main hole. It should be noted that the drive mechanism 11 can be a reciprocating lead screw or an electric push rod, which is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0045] The outer wall of the limiting cylinder 4 is in contact with the inner wall of the main hole. At this time, the barb assembly 5 is located inside the limiting cylinder 4, and the protruding ends of each heat-conducting barb 55 on it are still a distance from the inner wall of the main hole, that is, the heat-conducting barb 55 is not in direct contact with the inner wall of the main hole.

[0046] Next, the rotary telescopic unit on the pressing plate 2 is activated. The output end of the rotary telescopic unit drives the insertion rod 51 and the integrated block 53, transmission cylinder 56, sealing cylinder 54 and heat-conducting barb rod 55 fixed to the outer periphery of the insertion rod 51 to move downward along the axial direction of the limiting cylinder 4 through the moving rod 52. During this downward movement, the outer wall of each sealing cylinder 54 always abuts against the inner wall of the limiting cylinder 4. The inner wall of the limiting cylinder 4 forms a circumferential constraint on the sealing cylinder 54, preventing it from rotating.

[0047] When the barb assembly 5 continues to move down until each sealing cylinder 54 and each extrusion hole 41 opened on the limiting cylinder 4 are at the same horizontal height, the circumferential constraint of the inner wall of the limiting cylinder 4 on the sealing cylinder 54 is released, and the sealing cylinder 54 then rotates to the side closer to the extrusion hole 41 and fits against the inner wall of its PVC foam board main hole.

[0048] At this time, the air pump in the integrated block 53 is started. After the air pump is output, the gas enters the corresponding sealing cylinder 54 through each group of transmission cylinders 56, pushing the heat-conducting barb rod 55 in the sealing cylinder 54 to slide radially outward. The heat-conducting barb rod 55 passes through the extrusion hole 41 and presses the inner wall of the main hole with its conical spike at the protruding end. The conical spike guides the heat-conducting barb rod 55 to continuously pierce into the interior of the PVC foam board body, forming a side hole on the inner wall of the main hole.

[0049] During the aforementioned puncture process, the limiting cylinder 4 plays an irreplaceable supporting role. Because the outer wall of the limiting cylinder 4 is in contact with the inner wall of the main hole, the radial reaction force generated when the heat-conducting barb 55 punctures outward is diffused circumferentially through the cylinder wall of the limiting cylinder 4 and transmitted to the entire hole wall, preventing the hole wall from being pushed up as a whole.

[0050] Meanwhile, the limiting cylinder 4 has a compression hole 41 only at a predetermined position. The walls of the holes other than this are firmly constrained by the cylinder wall of the limiting cylinder 4, so that the piercing force is precisely concentrated on the piercing points corresponding to the compression hole 41, and finally a side hole with accurate position and regular shape is obtained.

[0051] After the side holes are machined, the air pump is reversed to draw air, and each heat-conducting barb 55 retracts into the sealing cylinder 54 and exits the side hole. Then, the rotary telescopic unit is activated to drive the barb assembly 5 to continue moving downward. The outer wall of each sealing cylinder 54 contacts the inner wall of the limiting cylinder 4 again and is forcibly pushed back to the reset state. Then, the rotary telescopic unit drives the barb assembly 5 to rotate as a whole by an angle, so that each sealing cylinder 54 and each extrusion hole 41 on the limiting cylinder 4 are no longer on the same vertical line. At this time, the barb assembly 5 is pulled back upward, so that the sealing cylinder 54 will not fall into the extrusion hole 41 again during the upward movement and get stuck. Finally, the drive mechanism 11 drives the pressing plate 2 to rise and reset, and each limiting cylinder 4 exits the main hole, completing the machining of one station.

[0052] It should be emphasized that the core improvement of this embodiment is: to address the problem that it is difficult to form side holes on the loose foam pore wall, an extrusion component 3 consisting of a limiting cylinder 4 and a barb component 5 is proposed, and the two are mutually conditional rather than simply superimposed.

[0053] The limiting cylinder 4 provides circumferential support for the loose main hole wall, allowing the puncture reaction force to diffuse and preventing the hole wall from collapsing. On the other hand, based on the geometric relationship between its inner wall and the extrusion hole 41, it constrains and releases the sealing cylinder 54. Thus, without any sensors or angle control, it automatically completes the sequence of actions of descent, alignment, turning, and puncture by relying solely on the relative positions between the parts. The barb assembly 5 achieves radial puncture by means of pneumatic pushing and conical spikes. Its puncture position is uniquely determined by the extrusion hole 41 of the limiting cylinder 4. Both are indispensable and together solve the problem of directional forming of side holes inside a low-strength porous substrate.

[0054] It should be noted that the protruding end of the heat-conducting barb 55 is set as a conical spike. Its function is to gradually transition the piercing process from point contact to surface contact. The initial contact area is extremely small and the contact stress is extremely high, so it can successfully penetrate the hole wall with a low air pressure. Subsequently, as the piercing depth increases, the contact area gradually expands and gently pushes the hole wall material outwards, avoiding hole wall cracking due to instantaneous impact.

[0055] It should be noted that the extrusion holes 41 of the limiting cylinder 4 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the limiting cylinder 4, so that each side hole in the same main hole is evenly distributed in the circumference, which corresponds to the requirement of balanced force on the root-like anchoring structure in Embodiment 1.

[0056] The limiting cylinder 4 and the fixing ring 42 are detachably connected. By replacing the limiting cylinder 4 with extrusion holes 41 with different numbers, layers or distribution angles, the number and layout of the side holes can be adjusted without changing the rest of the equipment to adapt to PVC foam boards with different thicknesses and different load-bearing requirements.

[0057] In this embodiment, the integration mechanism is located on the processing table 1 downstream of the drive mechanism 11. The PVC foam board body with the side hole processed is transported to the integration mechanism. The integration mechanism first injects colloid into the main hole. The colloid flows into the interior of the PVC foam board body through the side holes on the inner wall of the main hole. Then, the integration mechanism aligns the hollow connecting rod on the protective layer and inserts it into the main hole. Then, it presses the protective layer down. The air and excess colloid in the hole are discharged outward through the inner cavity of the hollow connecting rod, so that the colloid is fully squeezed into each side hole and forms a root-like anchoring structure after curing. The protective layer is flatly attached to the surface of the PVC foam board body.

[0058] Example 3 It is understandable that in Embodiment 2, the heat-conducting barb 55 relies on the air pressure provided by the air pump and the conical barb to penetrate the PVC foam board body by purely mechanical extrusion. This method still has obvious shortcomings.

[0059] Firstly, the core layer of PVC foam board is composed of a large number of thin-walled cells. When it is forcibly squeezed in by mechanical force at room temperature, the cell walls are torn instead of being crushed and bonded. The resulting side pores are covered with open holes. The subsequently injected adhesive will be largely absorbed by these open holes, resulting in insufficient adhesive or even broken adhesive branches inside the board, and the anchoring strength will decrease. At the same time, the open pore walls allow moisture to penetrate into the board through the cells, which will cause mold and blackening after long-term use.

[0060] Secondly, PVC is in a glassy state at room temperature, and its molecular chain segments cannot move. The material exhibits rigid and brittle mechanical properties. The holes formed by mechanical extrusion will spring back and shrink inward after the heat-conducting barb 55 is withdrawn, making the actual size of the side holes smaller than the design size and the size of each hole discrete, making it difficult for the colloid to fill smoothly.

[0061] Third, the thrust required for room temperature extrusion is relatively large, which places higher demands on the pressure of the air pump and the sealing performance of the sealing cylinder 54. Furthermore, excessive thrust can easily cause radial cracks to form on the hole wall around the puncture point.

[0062] Fourth, the side holes formed by pure mechanical extrusion have a diameter that is basically consistent along the depth direction, or even exhibit an inlet contraction shape due to springback. When the colloid is pressed, it is difficult for it to smoothly enter the depth of the side hole with the help of the pressure transmitted by the hollow connecting rod, resulting in incomplete filling.

[0063] As can be seen from the above analysis, in order to fundamentally improve the forming quality of side holes, the hole wall material must be made to move away from the rigid and brittle glassy state during forming and have sufficient plastic deformation capacity, that is, heat needs to be supplied to the puncture site.

[0064] The extrusion assembly 3 needs to be inserted into the main hole to work. However, the diameter of the main hole is limited by the thickness of the plate and the density of the anchor points. Its usable internal space is very limited. After deducting the wall thickness of the limiting cylinder 4, the space left for the barb assembly 5 is even smaller. This space must also accommodate the insertion rod 51, the integrated block 53, multiple sets of transmission cylinders 56 distributed circumferentially, the sealing cylinder 54, and the heat-conducting barb rod 55.

[0065] If the conventional method of directly mounting the resistance heating element on the heat-conducting barbed rod 55 is adopted, three obstacles will be encountered.

[0066] The first obstacle is that the rotating joint cannot be crossed. The sealing cylinder 54 is a component mounted on the outer end of the transmission cylinder 56 via a bearing and needs to reciprocate around the bearing. It rotates outward when the barb assembly 5 descends to the extrusion hole 41, and is pushed back into position when the barb assembly 5 continues to descend and contacts the inner wall of the limiting cylinder 4. It reciprocates once for each processing cycle. Electrical wires cannot cross this rotating joint, and long-term reciprocating motion will inevitably lead to wire entanglement, insulation wear, and even wire breakage and failure. However, gas can be smoothly transported through the rotating mating surface between the transmission cylinder 56 and the sealing cylinder 54, and the sealing of the gas path on the rotating joint is a mature and feasible achievement.

[0067] The second obstacle lies in the number of parallel connections at the ends. Multiple sets of transmission cylinders 56 are spaced circumferentially around the outer periphery of the integrated block 53. Each set has a sealing cylinder 54 and a heat-conducting barb 55 at its end. If electric heating is configured one by one, each circuit must be independently laid with heating wire, insulation layer, lead wire, terminal block and temperature measuring element. The number of wires increases exponentially with the number of puncture points. There is neither a wiring path nor fixed space inside the limiting cylinder 4.

[0068] The third obstacle lies in the available volume at the end. While the heat-conducting barb 55 itself can be made small, electric heating requires more than just the heating element itself; it requires a complete combination of heating element, insulation layer, lead wire, terminal block and temperature sensing element, the total volume of which far exceeds the available space inside the sealed cylinder 54.

[0069] Therefore, this embodiment adopts a heating method using gas as a heat carrier, and arranges the large heating element in a part that does not rotate with the sealed cylinder 54, so that the heated gas is only transported to the end, thereby realizing the spatial separation of the heat source and the heat-using point, and no heating and power distribution parts need to be arranged at the end.

[0070] Even more advantageously, in this scheme, the gas is originally the driving medium for the radial extension of the heat-conducting barb rod 55. After it is also used as a heat carrier, one gas path simultaneously undertakes the functions of driving and heating. There is no need to set up a separate channel and pipeline for heating. This is a feasible way to obtain thrust and heat simultaneously under extremely limited space conditions.

[0071] like Figures 4 to 8 To address the aforementioned issues, this embodiment further improves the heat-conducting barb rod 55, the sealing cylinder 54, the transmission cylinder 56, and the integrated block 53.

[0072] The heat-conducting barb 55 is composed of multiple heat-conducting rods connected sequentially along its extension direction, and the thermal conductivity of the multiple heat-conducting rods increases segment by segment along the extension direction of the heat-conducting barb 55.

[0073] The section of the heat-conducting barbed rod 55 near the sealing cylinder 54 is a cylindrical piston section, which slides and seals with the inner wall of the sealing cylinder 54; the part of the heat-conducting barbed rod 55 in front of the piston section is generally frustum-shaped, with its small end being an extended end with a tapered spike, and its large end connecting with the piston section.

[0074] The transmission cylinder 56 is equipped with an air inlet channel and an air return channel that are isolated from each other. Both the air inlet channel and the air return channel are connected to the inner cavity of the sealing cylinder 54 and together with the air pump in the integrated block 53, they form a closed gas circulation loop.

[0075] A heating unit is installed inside the transmission cylinder 56. The heating unit is located on the air intake channel and near the end of the transmission cylinder 56 that mates with the sealing cylinder 54. A heat contact seat is provided on the inner end face of the transmission cylinder 56. The heat contact seat is thermally connected to the heating unit. When the heat-conducting barb rod 55 is in the retracted position, the tail end of its piston section abuts against the heat contact seat.

[0076] The sealing cylinder 54 is made of heat-insulating material. The diameter of the extrusion hole 41 is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the heat-conducting barb 55, forming a venting gap between them.

[0077] The heating unit is located inside the transmission cylinder 56 rather than the integrated block 53. The motivation for this is that the transmission cylinder 56 is a fixed part that does not rotate with the sealing cylinder 54. There is no problem of crossing the rotating pair when arranging the heating element and the lead wire inside it. At the same time, this position is close to the sealing cylinder 54, which can minimize the transmission path of the hot air and reduce the temperature drop along the way.

[0078] It should be noted that the heat exchange between the gas and the solid is convective heat exchange, and its heat exchange intensity is much lower than that between solids. Moreover, the thermal conductivity of a stationary gas is extremely low, almost adiabatic. Only by keeping the gas in a flowing state to form forced convection can a usable heat exchange intensity be obtained. If hot gas is only filled into the sealed cylinder 54 once and then left to linger, the gas temperature will drop to near the temperature of the heat-conducting barb 55 after releasing a small amount of heat, and the heat exchange will stop immediately. The heat-conducting barb 55 will not be able to rise to the required temperature.

[0079] To this end, the transmission cylinder 56 is provided with an air inlet channel and an air return channel that are isolated from each other. The hot airflow enters the inner cavity of the sealing cylinder 54 from the air inlet channel, passes over the piston section and rod of the heat-conducting barb rod 55, returns through the air return channel, and is then reheated by the heating unit before being sent out in a cycle. This process is repeated continuously to replenish the heat-conducting barb rod 55 with heat.

[0080] It should also be noted that the extension of the heat-conducting barb rod 55 by air pressure is completed instantaneously after the gas is filled, while the establishment of temperature by gas-solid convection heat transfer takes a certain amount of time, and the two are not synchronized in time.

[0081] If high-pressure hot gas is introduced all at once without differentiation, the heat-conducting barb 55 will be pushed out and pressed against the inner wall of the main hole, but the temperature of its protruding end has not yet reached the set value. At this time, the piercing process is still a mechanical tear at room temperature, and the improvement of this embodiment will not be reflected. Even more disadvantageous is that the conical spike is pressed against the hole wall for a long time at low temperature, which will cause the PVC material at the contact point to slowly creep under pressure and form a pit, destroying the shape of the side hole entrance.

[0082] Therefore, this embodiment divides a processing cycle into three stages: heat storage and preheating, puncture and advance, and evacuation and retraction.

[0083] During the heat storage and preheating stage, the heat-conducting barb 55 remains in the retracted position, with the tail end of its piston section abutting against the heat contact seat at the inner end of the transfer cylinder 56. The heat from the heating unit is directly transferred to the heat-conducting barb 55 via the heat contact seat through solid-solid contact heat conduction. The heat transfer intensity of solid-solid contact heat conduction is one to two orders of magnitude higher than that of gas-solid convection heat transfer, allowing the temperature of the heat-conducting barb 55 to be rapidly established within seconds.

[0084] At the same time, the air pump delivers hot air into the sealing cylinder 54 at a low output pressure and keeps it circulating. This pressure is insufficient to push the heat-conducting barb 55 away from the heat contact seat. Its function is twofold: first, to supplement the heating of the barb 55; and second, to keep the inner cavity of the sealing cylinder 54 hot and reduce subsequent temperature drop.

[0085] It should be noted that during this stage, the heat-conducting barb 55 is always retracted into the sealing cylinder 54, and its conical barb does not contact the hole wall of the main hole. Therefore, there will be no situation where heat is continuously absorbed by the hole wall, resulting in a slow heating, nor will the hole wall creep and deform due to prolonged pressure.

[0086] During the puncture and propulsion phase, the air pump increases the output pressure, and the air pressure overcomes the contact force between the piston section and the thermal contact seat, pushing the heat-conducting barb 55 away from the thermal contact seat and sliding radially outward, passing through the extrusion hole 41 and piercing the hole wall.

[0087] The heat-conducting barb 55 mainly relies on the heat stored in the heat storage and preheating stage to work in this stage. At the same time, the gas circulation loop continues to operate, constantly compensating for the heat carried away by the hole wall material during the piercing process, so that the temperature of the protruding end remains stable throughout the entire advance stroke, avoiding the phenomenon of half-course temperature loss due to initial heating followed by cooling.

[0088] During the air extraction and retraction phase, the air pump reverses its direction, causing the heat-conducting barb rod 55 to retract into the sealing cylinder 54 and exit the side hole. The tail end of its piston section then rests against the heat contact seat, immediately beginning heat storage for the next cycle. Thus, the rod retraction action and the heat storage process overlap in time, and heat storage does not additionally occupy the processing cycle.

[0089] It should be noted that the working temperature of the extended end of the heat-conducting barb 55 is determined based on the thermal properties of PVC and the molding mechanism of this solution.

[0090] The glass transition temperature of PVC is about 80 degrees Celsius, and its Vicat softening temperature is about 72 to 82 degrees Celsius. After exceeding these temperatures, the material changes from a rigid and brittle glassy state to a highly elastic state, and the molecular chain segments begin to move, thus possessing the ability to be plastically deformed. The viscous flow temperature of PVC is about 160 to 180 degrees Celsius. Only after entering this range does the material exhibit viscous flow. PVC begins to slowly desorb hydrogen chloride from about 170 degrees Celsius. Above about 200 degrees Celsius, it undergoes significant thermal decomposition, manifested as discoloration, yellowing, and even charring, releasing corrosive gases.

[0091] It should be emphasized that the puncture target of this solution is foamed material rather than solid material. The core layer of the PVC foam board contains a large number of pores, and its porosity is usually above 50%. During the puncture process, the material is not expelled by viscous flow, but by the pores near the pore wall being crushed, folded and pressed together layer by layer after being softened by heat, thus making room. That is, the space is made up by the crushing and densification of the pores.

[0092] This process only requires the material to have sufficient plastic deformation capacity, and does not require it to enter the viscous flow state. Therefore, this method does not require heating the material to a complete melt, but only to allow it to pass the glass transition temperature and enter the elastic state.

[0093] Accordingly, the working temperature of the extended end of the heat-conducting barb 55 is set to 120 degrees Celsius to 195 degrees Celsius.

[0094] The preferred temperature range is 130 to 165 degrees Celsius. The advantages of this range are: firstly, the material is in a highly elastic state and has not entered a viscous flow state, the cell walls can be smoothly crushed and adhered without viscous flow, the heat-conducting barb 55 does not stick to the material or cause stringing when it is withdrawn, and the edges of the pores are clean and regular.

[0095] Secondly, this temperature range is below the temperature at which hydrogen chloride begins to be removed, so almost no corrosive gases are generated during the processing, which protects the equipment and improves the working environment. Thirdly, the target temperature is about 50 degrees Celsius lower than the melting point, which shortens the time required for heat storage and preheating, increases the processing cycle, and reduces energy consumption.

[0096] In applications where higher sealing of the pore walls is required, a higher temperature range of 170 to 195 degrees Celsius can be selected. At this temperature, local fusion occurs between the crushed and bonded pore walls, resulting in a denser layer with better continuity. However, ventilation needs to be strengthened and the single-point action time needs to be shortened accordingly.

[0097] The operating temperature is jointly adjusted by the power of the heating unit and the air flow rate of the air pump. A temperature measuring element is installed at the outlet of the heating unit inside the transmission cylinder 56 for closed-loop control. An exhaust hood is installed on the processing table 1 at the station of the extrusion assembly 3 to promptly remove any small amount of fumes that may be generated during processing.

[0098] It should be noted that during the hot puncture process, the material pushed apart by the heat-conducting barb 55 is not removed, but rather pushed aside and needs to be accommodated nearby.

[0099] If the same puncture is performed on a solid PVC board, the displaced material will be squeezed back in the opposite direction of the puncture and accumulate in large quantities at the opening because there is no space inside the board to accommodate it. This will form obvious flanges and protrusions. These flanges will not only damage the regularity of the inner wall of the main hole, but also hinder the fitting support of the limiting cylinder 4 and the smooth pressing of the hollow connecting rod.

[0100] The core layer of PVC foam board contains numerous independent or semi-interconnected cells. The extruded material can fill the cavities of adjacent cells, causing the cells to collapse and disappear layer by layer. The material rearranges near the pore walls and solidifies upon cooling, forming a denser layer with significantly reduced porosity and higher density than the board matrix. Therefore, the material extruded by puncture is absorbed within the board, with almost no accumulation or edge turning at the pore openings.

[0101] It is evident that the foam structure was originally one of the reasons why PVC foam board surfaces are difficult to adhere to, easy to absorb glue, and easy to seep water. However, in the hot puncture process of this solution, the structure becomes a favorable condition for accommodating the displaced material, allowing the side holes to be formed smoothly and spontaneously forming a dense layer. The inherent defects of the material are transformed into a prerequisite for the implementation of the process.

[0102] The desired side hole in this embodiment is a frustum-shaped hole with the larger end located on the inner wall of the main hole and the smaller end located inside the PVC foam board body, that is, a shape that gradually shrinks from the main hole into the board body. This shape is determined by the frustum-shaped outline of the heat-conducting barb 55 and its axial temperature gradient. The two have different functions: the former determines the geometric dimensions of the side hole, while the latter determines whether the side hole can be formed stably, clearly, and without springback.

[0103] In terms of geometry, the portion of the heat-conducting barb 55 located in front of the piston section is frustum-shaped with the smaller end facing forward. The volume of material displaced during its insertion is determined by the cross-section of the bar at that point. The hole section deep within the plate is formed by the smaller end of the heat-conducting barb 55, hence its smallest diameter. As the heat-conducting barb 55 continues to advance, the cross-section of the bar gradually increases along the extension direction, continuously compressing and densifying the pores near the hole wall, thus gradually increasing the hole diameter. The orifice section closest to the inner wall of the main hole is formed by the larger end of the frustum-shaped portion, hence its largest diameter. This directly results in a frustum-shaped side hole with a large opening and a small inner diameter.

[0104] Regarding the molding quality, if the direction of the temperature gradient does not match the aforementioned geometric relationship, the shape cannot be stably obtained. Assuming an opposite distribution with high root temperature and low tip temperature, the advancing conical spike is in a glassy state, still tearing its way through the deep part of the plate. The pores in the hole wall are broken open and cannot form a dense layer. After the rod is withdrawn, it springs back inward, and the small end hole diameter is out of control. At the same time, the high temperature of the rod root acts on the vicinity of the hole, causing the material around the hole to soften excessively and even flow, with the edges collapsing and rolling. When the rod is withdrawn, the material adheres to the rod body and is pulled out with burrs and wires, and the actual shape of the hole is also out of control. Even more disadvantageous is that the hole is the part where the outer wall of the limiting cylinder 4 is attached to the inner wall of the main hole and bears the circumferential support. If a large area of ​​this part is heated and softened, the support of the limiting cylinder 4 will fail, and the hole wall will collapse as a whole.

[0105] This embodiment adopts a distribution with high tip temperature and low root temperature, which matches the outer contour of the heat-conducting barb 55, which is thinner at the front and thicker at the back, forming a continuous process of softening and opening the front end, extruding and expanding the hole in the middle section, and cooling and shaping the root.

[0106] Specifically, the section of the heat-conducting barb 55 closest to the conical spike has the highest thermal conductivity. Heat rapidly converges towards the tip along the axial direction, causing the tip to reach the set temperature first. The material enters a high-elastic state first at this point and is crushed and displaced, creating a small pilot channel inside the plate. Although the temperature is highest here, the cross-section of the bar is the smallest, so the total amount of material affected is limited. The aperture is small and the boundary is clear.

[0107] The thermal conductivity of each section of the heat-conducting rod decreases sequentially, and its temperature is above the softening point but below the tip temperature. The material is also in a highly elastic state and has good plastic deformation ability in this range. It is smoothly squeezed and compacted outward by the gradually increasing rod cross-section without tearing. The aperture expands smoothly as a result, and the densified layer of the hole wall is also compacted and formed in this section.

[0108] The root section of the heat-conducting rod near the sealing cylinder 54 has the lowest thermal conductivity, and its temperature is below the softening point of the material. This section plays a dual role: first, it forms a thermal resistance to inhibit the backflow of heat to the sealing cylinder 54, bearings, and gas passage sealing parts, thus protecting these components; second, it forms contact cooling at the orifice to the newly expanded orifice wall, causing the material at that location to rapidly drop below the glass transition temperature and re-solidify, thereby locking the obtained frustum-shaped profile in situ.

[0109] It should be emphasized that the root cooling and shaping function is essential. Since the operating temperature in this embodiment is preferably in the high-elasticity range, the material has a significant tendency to elastically recover in this state. If it is not cooled and solidified immediately after molding, the hole wall will spring back inward after the heat-conducting barb 55 is withdrawn, and the hole diameter determined by the outer contour of the barb body will not be maintained. Therefore, the low-temperature setting of the root section is not an optional optimization, but a necessary step to ensure the shaping of the high-elasticity molding.

[0110] It should be noted that the aforementioned frustum-shaped side hole, which has a larger opening and a smaller inner diameter, has a direct and beneficial effect on the subsequent glue injection process.

[0111] When the integrating mechanism presses the hollow connecting rod of the protective layer into the main hole, the colloid is subjected to axial compression, creating pressure within the main hole. The large end of the side hole faces the inner wall of the main hole, where the inlet cross-section is the largest and the flow resistance is the smallest, allowing the colloid to smoothly enter the side hole under this pressure. After entering, the side hole gradually contracts along the depth direction, forming a converging flow channel. As the colloid is advanced, the flow rate increases and the pressure gradually builds up, continuously compressing the residual air in the hole towards the end and ultimately discharging it through the remaining microchannels in the densified layer of the hole wall or through the main hole, thus avoiding the formation of closed air pockets deep within the side hole and causing incomplete filling.

[0112] Conversely, if the side holes are of equal diameter or inlet shrinkage, the colloid will encounter significant resistance at the inlet, making it difficult for pressure to penetrate into the holes, and neither the filling depth nor the filling density can be guaranteed.

[0113] In addition, the root section of the cured rubber branch is the largest, which corresponds to the part of the rubber branch root where the stress is most concentrated when the protective layer is pulled out, thus giving full play to the shear bearing capacity of the rubber branch.

[0114] It should be emphasized that the core improvement of this embodiment is that hot-state crushing and densification is used to replace room-temperature mechanical tearing for hole formation, which changes the forming mechanism of the side holes.

[0115] To address the triple constraints of extremely limited available space within the main bore, the inability to lay electrical wiring in the sealing cylinder 54 (which is a component that reciprocates via a bearing), and the large number of parallel connections at the ends, the heating element is placed inside the transmission cylinder 56, which does not rotate with the sealing cylinder 54. Gas is used as the heat carrier to deliver the heat to the ends, allowing the airflow originally used for driving to also serve as the heating medium. This solves the heating problem without increasing the volume of the ends or crossing the rotating pair.

[0116] To address the timing contradiction of gas-solid convection heat transfer lagging behind gas pressure push, a circulation loop consisting of inlet and outlet air is set up to maintain forced convection heat transfer. On the other hand, a heat contact seat is set at the inner end of the transmission cylinder 56 so that the heat-conducting barb 55 can quickly store heat through solid contact heat conduction when it is in the retracted position. The processing cycle is divided into three stages: heat storage and preheating, piercing and pushing, and air extraction and retraction. This ensures that the heat-conducting barb 55 only pierces after reaching the set temperature, and that the bar retraction and heat storage overlap in time without taking up extra time.

[0117] Based on the molding characteristics of foamed materials, the working temperature is set in the high elasticity range, so that the material gives way by crushing and densifying the cells rather than by flowing viscously. The displaced material fills the adjacent cells and spontaneously forms a densified layer, while avoiding the thermal decomposition temperature and thus avoiding the generation of corrosive gases.

[0118] To meet the requirements for the shape of the side hole, the frustum-shaped outline of the heat-conducting barb 55 is matched with its increasing thermal conductivity along the extension direction, forming a process of tip softening and opening, middle section extrusion and hole expansion, and root cooling and shaping. This results in a stable side hole with a large opening and a small inner diameter, and the hole wall has a dense layer. Simultaneously, it achieves four effects: no glue absorption, no rebound, no water seepage, and easy glue injection.

[0119] It should be noted that the section of the heat-conducting barb rod 55 near the sealing cylinder 54 is designed as a cylindrical piston section. The necessity of this is that the front section of the heat-conducting barb rod 55 is frustoconical. If it is made to directly mate with the inner wall of the sealing cylinder 54, only the large end can form a seal. There will inevitably be an annular gap between the conical surface and the cylinder wall, and the air pressure required for the push cannot be established.

[0120] After setting the cylindrical piston section, the section forms a sliding seal with the inner wall of the sealing cylinder 54, and the air pressure can be stably established behind the piston section; at the same time, the end face of the piston section is also a contact heat exchange surface that abuts against the heat contact seat, and its flat circular end face can obtain a large contact area and stable contact thermal resistance.

[0121] It should be noted that the sealing cylinder 54 is made of heat-insulating material. The purpose is to confine the heat within the inner cavity of the sealing cylinder 54 and the heat-conducting barb 55 as much as possible. On the one hand, this reduces the unnecessary loss of heat from the outer wall of the sealing cylinder 54 to the limiting cylinder 4 and the main hole wall, preventing the entire hole wall from softening due to heat and losing its support capacity. On the other hand, it reduces the temperature of the sealing cylinder 54 and the bearing mating part, preventing long-term high temperature from causing bearing lubrication failure and changes in the mating clearance.

[0122] It should be noted that the various sections of the heat-conducting rod can be connected sequentially as a single unit using methods such as threaded connection, interference fit, or brazing. The piston section near the sealing cylinder 54 can be made of low thermal conductivity materials such as titanium alloy, austenitic stainless steel, or engineering ceramics, with a thermal conductivity not exceeding 15 Kelvin per meter. The middle sections can be made of medium thermal conductivity materials such as carbon steel or nickel-based alloys. The section near the conical spike can be made of high thermal conductivity materials such as copper alloy or aluminum alloy, with a thermal conductivity not less than 200 Kelvin per meter. The thermal conductivity between adjacent sections should increase progressively without abrupt changes, ensuring a continuous axial temperature distribution on the heat-conducting barb rod 55 and preventing the formation of a step in the aperture at a certain interface due to a sudden temperature drop.

[0123] In this embodiment, the diameter of the extrusion hole 41 is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the heat-conducting barb 55, forming a venting gap between them. There are three motivations for setting this gap: Firstly, the heat-conducting barb 55 does not need to be precisely fitted with the hole wall when passing through the extrusion hole 41, which allows for manufacturing errors and thermal expansion of the parts and avoids jamming due to thermal expansion.

[0124] Secondly, some of the hot air entering the sealing cylinder 54 can enter the main hole through the venting gap, blowing out the debris and fumes generated during the processing, thus preventing debris from remaining in the hole and affecting the subsequent filling and bonding of the colloid.

[0125] Third, the released hot airflow preheats and dries the hole wall of the main hole, ensuring that the hole wall is heated and surface moisture is removed before puncture, thereby reducing puncture resistance, minimizing the risk of hole wall cracking, and allowing the subsequently injected colloid to achieve better wetting and curing conditions on the warm and dry hole wall. It should be noted that the amount of air released should be controlled within a small range, so as not to affect the pressure required to maintain the pushing of the heat-conducting barb 55 within the sealing cylinder 54. Furthermore, the airflow entering the main hole through the air release gap should only preheat the hole wall and should not exceed its softening temperature, so as not to weaken the supporting effect of the limiting cylinder 4.

[0126] In this embodiment, the rotary telescopic unit has both axial telescopic and rotational output capabilities. Its telescopic output is used to drive the barb assembly 5 to rise and fall within the limiting cylinder 4 to complete alignment and barb removal. Its rotational output is used to rotate the barb assembly 5 as a whole by an angle after processing is completed and the sealing cylinder 54 is pushed back into position by the inner wall of the limiting cylinder 4, so that each sealing cylinder 54 and each extrusion hole 41 are offset from each other in the circumferential direction. This ensures that when the barb assembly 5 exits the limiting cylinder 4 upward, the sealing cylinder 54 will not be aligned with the extrusion hole 41 again and rotate outward, causing jamming.

[0127] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of this application have been described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely the principles of this application. Various changes and modifications can be made to this application without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed application.

Claims

1. A type of interlocking PVC foam board for home furnishings, characterized in that, include: The PVC foam board body has a main hole on its surface, and multiple side holes extending radially outward are formed on the inner wall of the main hole. A protective layer covers the surface of the PVC foam board body, and a hollow connecting rod inserted into the main hole is installed on the protective layer; The colloid is filled into the main hole and the side hole, and is connected and fixed to the hollow connecting rod.

2. A processing equipment for spliced ​​PVC foam boards for home furnishings, characterized in that, include: A processing table (1) is provided with a drilling mechanism and an integration mechanism. A driving mechanism (11) is provided on the processing table (1). The driving mechanism (11) is located between the drilling mechanism and the integration mechanism, and a connecting rod (12) is provided at the output end of the driving mechanism (11). Press plate (2), the press plate (2) is installed at the bottom end of the connecting rod (12), and multiple extrusion components (3) are installed at the bottom end of the press plate (2). The punching mechanism (6) is used to process a main hole on the PVC foam board body; multiple extrusion components (3) are used to extend into the main hole and radially heat-melt puncture the inner wall of the main hole to form multiple frustum-shaped side holes; the integration mechanism (7) is used to inject colloid into the main hole and side holes, and press the hollow connecting rod of the protective layer into the main hole, so that the colloid fills the side holes to form a root-like anchoring structure, and the excess colloid is discharged through the hollow connecting rod.

3. The processing equipment for spliced ​​PVC foam boards for home furnishings as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The extrusion assembly (3) includes a limiting cylinder (4) and a barb assembly (5). The limiting cylinder (4) has multiple evenly distributed extrusion holes (41) and a fixing ring (42) is installed at the top of the limiting cylinder (4). The fixing ring (42) is connected to the bottom of the pressing plate (2).

4. The processing equipment for spliced ​​PVC foam boards for home furnishings as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The barb assembly (5) includes an insertion rod (51) disposed in a limiting cylinder (4), a moving rod (52) is installed at the bottom end of the insertion rod (51), and a plurality of rotating telescopic units matching the moving rod (52) are installed at the bottom end of the pressing plate (2), and the output end of the rotating telescopic unit is connected to the moving rod (52).

5. The processing equipment for spliced ​​PVC foam boards for home furnishings as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The insertion rod (51) is surrounded by an integrated block (53), and the integrated block (53) is surrounded by multiple sets of transmission cylinders (56). A set of transmission cylinders (56) is surrounded by a sealing cylinder (54) installed through a bearing.

6. The processing equipment for spliced ​​PVC foam boards for home furnishings as described in claim 5, characterized in that, A heat-conducting barb rod (55) is slidably connected inside the sealing cylinder (54), and a conical spike is installed at the top of the heat-conducting barb rod (55).

7. The processing equipment for spliced ​​PVC foam boards for home furnishings as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The sealing cylinder (54) is made of heat-insulating material.

8. The processing equipment for spliced ​​PVC foam boards for home furnishings as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The heat-conducting barb (55) is composed of multiple heat-conducting rods, and the shape of the heat-conducting barb (55) is set as a frustum.

9. The processing equipment for spliced ​​PVC foam boards for home furnishings as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The thermal conductivity of the multiple heat-conducting rods increases segment by segment along the extension direction of the heat-conducting barb (55).

10. The processing equipment for spliced ​​PVC foam boards for home furnishings as described in claim 5, characterized in that, An air pump is installed inside the integrated block (53), and the output end of the air pump is connected to multiple transmission cylinders (56).

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