Longitudinal basalt fiber reinforced and polyester filament nonwoven fabric, and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of longitudinal basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament nonwoven fabric and its preparation method and application, belong to nonwoven fabric technical field.The preparation method is by in the laying of polyester filament base cloth in the process of web formation Longitudinal basalt fiber filament is doped in fiber web, obtain longitudinal basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament nonwoven fabric, utilize the excellent high modulus of basalt fiber, heat resistance, effectively improve the curling and the phenomenon of shrinkage of polyester filament base cloth under high temperature condition, improve the temperature resistance of polyester filament nonwoven fabric, while improving the acid, alkali resistant environmental performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of nonwoven fabric technology, and relates to a longitudinal basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament nonwoven fabric, its preparation method and application. Background Technology

[0002] Polyester filament base fabric is widely used in the production of waterproof membranes due to its excellent tensile strength and high elongation at break. However, because the raw material PET (polyethylene terephthalate) is prone to shrinkage when heated and has poor heat resistance, the polyester filament base fabric is easily affected by temperature during its production, processing, and laying of the membrane, resulting in edge curling and dimensional shrinkage, which affects the overall waterproofing effect of the waterproof membrane.

[0003] To improve the waterproofing effect of waterproof membranes, a type of longitudinally reinforced polyester filament base fabric is widely used in their preparation. This fabric exhibits significantly improved heat shrinkage and thermal dimensional stability compared to ordinary polyester filament base fabrics. However, these issues still inevitably arise when production lines operate at high temperatures and high mechanical speed ratios. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a longitudinally reinforced polyester filament base fabric with basalt fiber reinforcement and its preparation method. By longitudinally incorporating basalt fiber filaments into the fiber web during the laying and web formation process of the polyester filament base fabric, the excellent high modulus and heat resistance of basalt fiber are utilized to effectively improve the curling and shrinkage phenomena of the polyester filament base fabric under high temperature conditions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a longitudinally reinforced polyester filament nonwoven fabric with basalt fiber reinforcement, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Crystallize and dry the polyester chips; Step 2: The dried polyester is cut and subjected to melt extrusion and melt filtration; Step 3: Cool and stretch the filtered melt, separate the fibers using a fiber splitter and lay out polyester filaments to obtain the first layer of yarn. Step 4: Use a yarn splitter to lay basalt fiber filaments onto the surface of the first layer of yarn to obtain the second layer of yarn; then lay polyester filaments onto the surface of the second layer of basalt yarn to obtain the third layer of yarn. Step 5: Needle-punch the three layers of yarn from Step 4 to obtain a nonwoven fabric; the needle-punching reinforcement includes pre-needle punching and main needle punching. Step 6: Perform single-circular web setting and hot rolling on the needle-punched reinforced nonwoven fabric; Step 7: Use corn starch solution as the treatment liquid to impregnate the hot-rolled nonwoven fabric, then dry the round wire, slit and rewind to obtain longitudinal basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament nonwoven fabric.

[0007] Optionally, in step 1, the crystallization temperature is 175~185℃ (i.e., 180±5℃); the drying temperature is 165~175℃ (i.e., 170±5℃).

[0008] Optionally, in step 1, the polyester chips are semi-dull fiber grade polyester chips.

[0009] The present invention provides a method for preparing longitudinal basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament base fabric, which involves using polyester spunbonding to produce a fiber web, then laying basalt fiber filaments between two layers of fiber web, and then performing needle punching reinforcement, hot rolling, post-treatment, and drying to obtain longitudinal basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament nonwoven fabric.

[0010] Optionally, in step 3, the cooling stretching is performed using tubular positive pressure stretching, with a total stretching pressure of 2.4 to 2.6 bar (e.g., 2.5 bar).

[0011] Optionally, in step 3, the polyester filament has a breaking strength of 16.85~17.15 cN (e.g., 16.94 cN), a breaking strength of 4.95~5.05 cN / dtex (e.g., 5.01 cN / dtex), a breaking elongation of 77%~78% (77.20%), and a fiber diameter of 18.5~19.5 μm (e.g., 19.10 μm). Optionally, in step 3, the monofilament size of the basalt fiber filament is 7~10μm, the multifilament linear density is 22tex, and the density of the basalt fiber is 2.65~3.0 g / cm³. 3 The spacing between the filament fibers is 6~10 mm.

[0012] Optionally, in step 3, the thickness of the first layer of mesh is 0.5~2.0 mm.

[0013] Optionally, in step 4, the thickness of the second layer of mesh is 0.5~1.0 mm.

[0014] Optionally, in step 4, the thickness of the third layer of mesh is 0.5~2.0 mm.

[0015] In this invention, the thickness of the mesh varies with the weight, and the thickness decreases after two needle punchings.

[0016] Optionally, in step 4, the basalt fiber is laid using the following method: After the basalt fiber filaments are fed and guided, they are finally fed onto the first layer of yarn (i.e., non-woven fabric) through compressed air and stainless steel pipes. The negative pressure suction of the web forming machine arranges them on the first layer of yarn, and then they are covered by the second layer of yarn. In this way, the two layers of polyester filament non-woven fabric (i.e., non-woven fabric) sandwich the basalt fiber filaments together and enter the needle punching machine.

[0017] Optionally, in step 4, after the basalt fiber filaments are guided through the pipe, they are arranged longitudinally parallel to the first and second layers of yarn, with a spacing of 6 mm to 10 mm.

[0018] Optionally, in step 5, the acupuncture density during pre-needling is 22.0~26.0 p / cm². 2 (i.e., 24.0±2 p / cm) 2 The needle penetration depth is 6~10 mm (i.e., 8±2 mm), the mesh spacing is 8~12 mm (i.e., 10±2 mm), and the needle penetration density of the main needle is 28.0~32.0 p / cm. 2 (i.e., 30.0±2p / cm) 2 The needle penetration depth is 6~10 mm (i.e., 8±2 mm), and the mesh spacing is 8~12 mm (i.e., 10±2 mm).

[0019] Optionally, in step 6, the temperature for shaping the single round mesh is 145~155℃ (i.e., 150±5℃), and the hot rolling temperature is 145~155℃ (i.e., 150±5℃).

[0020] Optionally, in step 6, the thickness of the hot-rolled nonwoven fabric is 1.00~1.50 mm.

[0021] Optionally, in step 7, the amount of adhesive applied during the impregnation process is 18% to 20%.

[0022] Optionally, in step 7, the corn starch solution contains 6-8% corn starch by mass.

[0023] Optionally, the basis weight of the longitudinal basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament nonwoven fabric is 160 g to 200 g.

[0024] Secondly, the present invention provides a longitudinal basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament nonwoven fabric, which is prepared by any of the above-described methods for preparing longitudinal basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament nonwoven fabric.

[0025] In this invention, basalt fiber is utilized to enhance its temperature resistance (long-term operating temperature up to 650℃, strength retention rate ≥85% and ≥80% at 400℃ and 600℃ respectively, and excellent low-temperature resistance (-269℃)). Basalt fiber filaments are added to polyester filament nonwoven fabric for reinforcement, thereby improving the temperature resistance of the polyester filament nonwoven fabric. This reduces the impact of temperature on the overall performance and thermal dimensional stability of the product during the preparation process, application in the production of waterproof membranes, and use of waterproof membranes.

[0026] In addition, compared with commonly used glass fiber, basalt fiber has better water resistance, acid resistance and alkali resistance. By reinforcing polyester filament nonwoven fabric with basalt fiber, the stability of polyester filament nonwoven fabric in acidic and alkaline environments can be improved.

[0027] Thirdly, the present invention provides an application of basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament nonwoven fabric as a base fabric in waterproof rolls, wherein the basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament nonwoven fabric adopts any of the longitudinal basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament nonwoven fabrics described above.

[0028] In this invention, the above-mentioned technical features can be freely combined to form new technical solutions, provided they do not conflict with each other.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the above-mentioned technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: (1) The method for preparing longitudinal basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament nonwoven fabric provided by the present invention is to reinforce basalt fiber filaments into double-layer yarn during the splitting and web laying process of polyester filament nonwoven fabric, thereby improving the temperature resistance of polyester filament nonwoven fabric by utilizing the temperature resistance of basalt fiber. (2) The longitudinal basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament nonwoven fabric provided by the present invention has excellent temperature resistance as well as excellent acid and alkali resistance. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a process flow diagram for preparing a longitudinal basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament base fabric according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Unless otherwise specified, the terminology used herein should be understood as having the meaning commonly used in the art. Therefore, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. In the event of any conflict, this specification shall prevail.

[0033] Example 1 A longitudinal basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament base fabric is obtained by producing a fiber web by polyester spunbonding, laying basalt fiber filaments between two layers of fiber web, and then undergoing needle punching reinforcement, round web shaping and hot rolling, impregnation treatment, round web drying, slitting and winding to finally obtain a longitudinal basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament nonwoven fabric (i.e., base fabric).

[0034] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the preparation method of longitudinal basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament base fabric includes the following steps.

[0035] Step S1, Polyester Chip Crystallization and Drying: Semi-dull fiber-grade polyester chips are transported to a wet silo for crystallization and drying, with the crystallization / drying temperature set at 180±5℃ / 170±5℃.

[0036] Step S2, melt extrusion and melt filtration: The dried polyester chips are melt extruded through a screw extruder, and the melt is filtered through a melt filter to remove fine impurities.

[0037] Step S3, Cooling and Drawing, Splitting and Web Formation: After filtration, the melt passes through a cooling and drawing system, and polyester filaments are evenly laid out by a filament splitter to obtain the first layer of yarn web (or fiber web, i.e., nonwoven fabric); using a filament splitter, basalt fiber filaments (Hubei Huierjie, BCY9-68*1*4S110) are evenly and parallelly laid onto the surface of the first layer of yarn web to obtain the second layer of yarn web; then, polyester filaments are laid to cover the second layer of yarn web to obtain the third layer of yarn web; wherein, the basalt fiber filaments are arranged longitudinally parallel to the first and second layers of yarn web; during the cooling and drawing process, the side-blowing cooling temperature is 18±2℃ and the air pressure is 400±20 Pa.

[0038] Step S4, Needle Punching Reinforcement: The three-layer yarn web is needle punched and reinforced using a pre-needle punching machine and a main needle punching machine to obtain a nonwoven fabric; wherein, the needle punching density of the pre-needle punching is 24.0±2 p / cm 2 The needle penetration depth is 8±2 mm, the mesh spacing is 10±2 mm, and the needle penetration density of the main needle is 30.0±2 p / cm. 2 The needle penetration depth is 8±2 mm and the mesh spacing is 10±2 mm.

[0039] Step S5: The nonwoven fabric obtained by needle punching reinforcement is subjected to circular mesh shaping and hot rolling to obtain a shaped nonwoven fabric with a thickness of 1.0~1.5mm.

[0040] Step S6: The shaped nonwoven fabric is impregnated with corn starch solution, then dried through a nine-circle wire, and finally slit and wound up by a winding machine to obtain the finished product, a longitudinally reinforced polyester filament nonwoven fabric with basalt fiber reinforcement. Figure 1 Basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament base fabric.

[0041] Comparative Example 1 A longitudinal glass fiber reinforced polyester filament base fabric differs from the embodiment in that, in step S3, glass fiber is used instead of basalt fiber filament for reinforcing the polyester filament base fabric; other technical solutions are the same as in the embodiment.

[0042] Comparative Example 2 A longitudinally reinforced polyester filament base fabric with basalt fiber reinforcement differs from the embodiment in that, in step S3, basalt fiber short filaments are used instead of basalt fiber long filaments for reinforcement of the polyester filament base fabric, wherein the basalt fiber short filaments are; other technical solutions are the same as in the embodiment.

[0043] Performance testing of basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament base fabric In accordance with the requirements of GB / T 18840-2018 "Base Material for Bituminous Waterproofing Membranes", various indicators of basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament base fabrics with different basis weights prepared in the above examples and comparative examples were tested. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0044] Table 1:

[0045] Table 1 shows that the overall strength of the nonwoven fabric reinforced with basalt fiber filament meets the requirements of the national standard GB / T 18840-2018, and its heat resistance is superior to that of ordinary glass fiber reinforced nonwoven fabric (Tian Ding Feng glass fiber reinforced polyester filament base fabric, with an average basis weight of 160~200 g / m). 2 ).

[0046] The above descriptions are merely some preferred embodiments of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a longitudinally reinforced polyester filament nonwoven fabric with basalt fiber reinforcement, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Crystallize and dry the polyester chips; Step 2: The dried polyester is cut and subjected to melt extrusion and melt filtration; Step 3: Cool and stretch the filtered melt, separate the fibers using a fiber splitter and lay out polyester filaments to obtain the first layer of yarn. Step 4: Use a yarn splitter to lay basalt fiber filaments onto the surface of the first layer of yarn to obtain the second layer of yarn; then lay polyester filaments onto the surface of the second layer of basalt yarn to obtain the third layer of yarn. Step 5: Needle-punch the three layers of yarn from Step 4 to obtain a nonwoven fabric; the needle-punching reinforcement includes pre-needle punching and main needle punching. Step 6: Perform single-circular web setting and hot rolling on the needle-punched reinforced nonwoven fabric; Step 7: Use corn starch solution as the treatment liquid to impregnate the hot-rolled nonwoven fabric, then dry the round wire, slit and rewind to obtain longitudinal basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament nonwoven fabric.

2. The method for preparing longitudinal basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, the crystallization temperature is 175~185℃; the drying temperature is 165~175℃; and the polyester chips are semi-dull fiber grade polyester chips. In step 3, the cooling stretching adopts tubular positive pressure stretching, and the total stretching pressure is 2.4~2.6 bar; In step 3, the monofilament size of the basalt fiber filament is 7~10μm, the multifilament linear density is 22 tex, and the density of the basalt fiber is 2.65~3.0 g / cm³. 3 The spacing between the filament fibers is 6~10 mm.

3. The method for preparing longitudinal basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament nonwoven fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step 3, the tensile strength of the polyester filament is 16.85~17.15 cN, the tensile strength is 4.95~5.05 cN / dtex, the elongation at break is 77%~78%, and the fiber diameter is 18.5~19.5 μm.

4. The method for preparing longitudinal basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, the thickness of the first layer of mesh is 0.5~2.0 mm; in step 4, the thickness of the second layer of mesh is 0.5~1.0 mm, and the thickness of the third layer of mesh is 0.5~2.0 mm.

5. The method for preparing longitudinal basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament nonwoven fabric according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, In step 4, the basalt fiber is laid as follows: After the basalt fiber filaments are fed and guided, they are finally fed onto the first layer of yarn through compressed air and stainless steel pipes. The negative pressure suction of the web forming machine arranges them on the first layer of yarn, and then they are covered by the second layer of yarn. In this way, the two layers of polyester nonwoven fabric sandwich the basalt fiber filaments together and enter the needle punching machine.

6. The method for preparing longitudinal basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament nonwoven fabric according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step 4, after the basalt fiber filaments are guided through the pipe, they are arranged longitudinally parallel to the first and second layers of yarn, with a spacing of 6 mm to 10 mm.

7. The method for preparing longitudinal basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament nonwoven fabric according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, In step 5, the acupuncture density during pre-needling is 22.0~26.0 p / cm². 2 The needle penetration depth is 6-10 mm, the mesh spacing is 8-12 mm, and the needle penetration density of the main needle is 28.0-32.0 p / cm². 2 The needle penetration depth is 6~10 mm, and the mesh spacing is 8~12 mm; In step 6, the temperature for setting the single circular mesh is 145~155℃, the hot rolling temperature is 145~155℃, and the thickness of the nonwoven fabric after hot rolling is 1.00~1.50 mm. In step 7, during the impregnation process, the amount of adhesive applied is 18% to 20%; the mass content of corn starch in the corn starch solution is 6% to 8%.

8. The method for preparing longitudinal basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament nonwoven fabric according to claim 7, characterized in that, The basis weight of the longitudinal basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament nonwoven fabric is 160 g to 200 g.

9. A longitudinally reinforced polyester filament nonwoven fabric with basalt fiber reinforcement, characterized in that, The nonwoven fabric is prepared by the method for preparing longitudinal basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament according to any one of claims 1-8.

10. The application of a basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament nonwoven fabric as a base fabric in waterproof membranes, characterized in that, The basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament nonwoven fabric described in claim 9 is a longitudinal basalt fiber reinforced polyester filament nonwoven fabric.

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