A load holding testing device for super high-strength prestressed concrete pile

Abstract

The application provides a kind of super high-strength prestressed concrete pile load test device, including two groups of bearing stand components, beam, loading drive component, spherical surface swing pressure bearing mechanism, self-adapting pressure block mechanism and pipe pile supporting component;Loading drive component is set in the middle of beam, spherical surface swing pressure bearing mechanism is connected to the output end of loading drive component, and self-adapting pressure block mechanism is set below it.Spherical surface swing pressure bearing mechanism realizes swing adjustment through spherical surface cooperation, and keeps centering through elastic centering component;Self-adapting pressure block mechanism is provided with two independent pressure blocks, and the pressure block swings through arc-shaped cooperation structure relative to bearing base, and contacts with the outer wall of pipe pile through arc-shaped contact surface.The application can adapt to the overall attitude change and local contact state change of pipe pile after loading, reduce bias and local stress concentration, and improve loading stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of prestressed concrete pile testing equipment, and in particular relates to a load-bearing testing device for ultra-high strength prestressed concrete piles. Background Technology

[0002] Ultra-high strength prestressed concrete piles are commonly used as foundation components in engineering projects. Their load-bearing capacity, deformation state, and stability under continuous stress conditions directly affect the safety of subsequent construction and use. To verify the stress performance of pipe piles under specified loads, it is usually necessary to support the pipe piles at a dedicated testing station and apply a specified load to the pipe piles through a loading mechanism. After reaching the set load, the load is held for a certain period of time to observe or detect the stress and deformation of the pipe piles during the load-bearing process.

[0003] Existing load-bearing testing devices generally consist of a load-bearing frame, a loading mechanism, a pressure-bearing structure, and a pipe pile support structure. The loading mechanism transmits the force to the outer wall of the pipe pile through the pressure-bearing components. During actual testing, the pipe pile may experience deflection, posture changes, or local contact position changes after continuous loading. Conventional pressure-bearing structures often employ rigid indenters or pressure-bearing components that can only move in a single direction. Their adaptability to changes in the pipe pile's posture and the local contact state of the outer wall is limited, easily leading to local contact, bias pressure, or changes in the force position on the pressure-bearing surface, thus affecting the stress stability during loading. Because the load-bearing testing devices in related technologies lack effective adaptability to the overall posture changes of the pipe pile after loading and the local contact state of the pressure-bearing parts, problems such as uneven pressure stress, local stress concentration, and insufficient loading stability occur during load-bearing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the related technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows:

[0006] A load-bearing test device for ultra-high strength prestressed concrete piles includes two sets of load-bearing frame assemblies, a crossbeam, a loading drive assembly, a spherical swing bearing mechanism, an adaptive pressure block mechanism, and a pipe pile support assembly for bearing the pipe pile.

[0007] The two sets of the bearing frame assemblies respectively support the two ends of the crossbeam, the loading drive assembly is located in the middle of the crossbeam, the spherical swing bearing mechanism is connected to the output end of the loading drive assembly, and the adaptive pressure block mechanism is located below the spherical swing bearing mechanism;

[0008] The spherical swing bearing mechanism includes a bearing seat, a swing bearing member, an annular limiting member, and an elastic centering assembly. The bearing seat is provided with a first spherical mating part. The swing bearing member includes a second spherical mating part that slides and bears pressure with the first spherical mating part and a necking shaft extending downward from the second spherical mating part. The annular limiting member is arranged around the necking shaft and is used to limit the tilt range of the swing bearing member relative to the bearing seat. The elastic centering assembly is arranged on the annular limiting member and elastically abuts against the necking shaft.

[0009] The adaptive pressure block mechanism includes a bearing base fixedly connected to the necking shaft and two pressure blocks symmetrically arranged below the bearing base. The bearing base and each pressure block are provided with a first arc-shaped fitting part and a second arc-shaped fitting part that slide and bear pressure with each other, so that the pressure block can swing relative to the bearing base along the arc-shaped trajectory defined by the first arc-shaped fitting part and the second arc-shaped fitting part; the lower part of the pressure block forms an arc-shaped contact surface for contacting the outer wall of the pipe pile.

[0010] Furthermore, the first spherical mating part is a concave spherical mating structure formed inside the pressure bearing seat, the second spherical mating part is a convex spherical pressure bearing structure that mates with the first spherical mating part, the necked shaft extends downward from the second spherical mating part and passes through the annular limiting member, and the lower end of the necked shaft is fixedly connected to the bearing base by multiple bolts.

[0011] Furthermore, the bottom of the pressure-bearing seat is provided with a stepped mounting part, and the annular limiting member is an integral annular structure and is embedded and fixed in the stepped mounting part;

[0012] The radial cross-section of the annular limiting member is L-shaped, and the inner limiting part of the annular limiting member facing the necking shaft is provided with an arc transition surface. The outer periphery of the annular limiting member is provided with reinforcing ribs arranged in the circumferential direction.

[0013] An elastic buffer is provided between the annular limiting member and the swing bearing member. The elastic buffer is sleeved around the necking shaft and applies an elastic supporting force to the swing bearing member in the direction of the first spherical mating part, so that the second spherical mating part remains in contact with the first spherical mating part. When the swing bearing member is tilted relative to the bearing seat, the elastic buffer generates elastic deformation. The annular limiting member is used to limit the necking shaft when it is offset to the limiting position defined by the annular limiting member.

[0014] Furthermore, four elastic centering components are provided, and the four elastic centering components are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the annular limiting member, and each elastic centering component penetrates the annular limiting member radially.

[0015] Each of the aforementioned elastic centering components includes a guide slide rod, a ball-head pressing portion disposed at the inner end of the guide slide rod, an adjusting nut, a centering spring sleeved on the outer side of the guide slide rod, and a limiting nut. The ball-head pressing portion abuts against the outer circumferential surface of the necking shaft. The adjusting nut and the limiting nut are both threadedly connected to the guide slide rod. The adjusting nut and the limiting nut are arranged from the inside to the outside along the guide slide rod. The adjusting nut is used to adjust the preload of the centering spring, and the limiting nut is used to limit the outward movement of the guide slide rod.

[0016] Furthermore, two mounting slots are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the bearing base, and the two pressure blocks are respectively disposed in the two mounting slots;

[0017] Each of the pressure blocks includes a pressure block body and an adjustment base disposed on the upper end of the pressure block body. The first arc-shaped mating part is formed in the mounting groove, and the second arc-shaped mating part is disposed in the middle of the adjustment base. The first arc-shaped mating part is a concave arc-shaped mating structure, and the second arc-shaped mating part is a convex arc-shaped structure that slides and bears pressure with the first arc-shaped mating part.

[0018] Furthermore, each of the pressure blocks is provided with two return springs, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the top of the adjustment base. One end of the return spring abuts against the adjustment base, and the other end of the return spring abuts against the inner wall of the mounting groove.

[0019] The adjustment base has a first positioning protrusion at each of the reset spring's positions, and a second positioning protrusion is provided on the inner wall of the mounting groove opposite to the first positioning protrusion. The two ends of the reset spring are respectively sleeved on the outside of the first positioning protrusion and the second positioning protrusion to limit the lateral slippage of the reset spring during the swinging process of the pressure block.

[0020] Furthermore, each of the pressure-bearing blocks is provided with two swing guide mechanisms, which are respectively located at both ends of the adjustment base along its length.

[0021] Each of the swing guide mechanisms includes two arc-shaped adjustment holes respectively disposed on opposite side walls of the mounting groove and a guide rod. The guide rod passes through the adjustment base and extends into the two arc-shaped adjustment holes at both ends. The guide rod can move along the arc-shaped adjustment holes. The extension trajectory of the arc-shaped adjustment holes is adapted to the swing trajectory defined by the first arc-shaped mating part and the second arc-shaped mating part, so as to limit the swing path of the pressure block relative to the bearing base.

[0022] Furthermore, the two pressure blocks are symmetrically arranged along a direction perpendicular to the length of the pipe pile. The arc-shaped contact surface is a shallow concave arc-shaped contact surface formed on the lower surface of the pressure block body. The arc-shaped contact surface extends along the length of the pipe pile, and the two pressure blocks can respectively form pressure contact with the outer wall of the pipe pile through the arc-shaped contact surface.

[0023] Furthermore, the pipe pile support assembly is arranged in three sets at intervals along the length of the pipe pile. Each set of the pipe pile support assembly includes a support base plate, two limiting blocks and an arc-shaped support seat. The two limiting blocks are symmetrically arranged above the support base plate. The arc-shaped support seat is arranged between the two limiting blocks and is used to support the pipe pile. Limiting grooves that cooperate with the two limiting blocks are formed on both sides of the arc-shaped support seat. The bottom of the arc-shaped support seat is pressure-fitted with the support base plate through the support part.

[0024] Furthermore, each of the aforementioned support frame assemblies includes a column, a crossbeam support connection portion disposed at the upper end of the column, and a support base disposed at the lower end of the column. The two ends of the crossbeam are respectively supported by two crossbeam support connection portions and are fixedly connected by bolts.

[0025] The loading drive assembly includes a linear drive component, two drive mounting plates, and an output connection plate. The two drive mounting plates are respectively disposed on the upper and lower sides of the crossbeam and together fix the linear drive component. The output connection plate is disposed on the output end of the linear drive component and is fixedly connected to the pressure bearing seat. The linear drive component is a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder, and the output direction of the linear drive component is perpendicular to the length direction of the pipe pile.

[0026] Compared with existing technologies, the load-bearing testing device for ultra-high strength prestressed concrete piles described in this invention has the following advantages:

[0027] 1. The spherical oscillating bearing mechanism, through the mutual sliding bearing cooperation of concave and convex spherical surfaces, maintains the continuous transmission of the main load while allowing the loading end to tilt in multiple directions according to the overall posture changes of the pipe pile after loading, reducing the bias pressure caused by the deflection or posture changes of the pipe pile in the fixed bearing structure. Four elastic centering components evenly distributed along the circumference continuously act on the necking shaft, keeping the oscillating bearing component centered under normal conditions and providing elastic recovery after tilting. The elastic buffer and the annular limiting component further constitute a two-level constraint from elastic buffer to rigid limiting, which can limit excessive tilting of the bearing component and reduce the impact and local stress concentration at the limit contact, thereby improving the stability of the loading direction and stress state during the holding process.

[0028] 2. The adaptive pressure block mechanism employs two independent pressure blocks that contact the outer wall of the pipe pile. Through a concave-convex arc-shaped fit, each pressure block can change its posture according to its contact position. This ensures that even when there are local curvature differences or deformation under load on the outer wall of the pipe pile, the two arc-shaped contact surfaces can still maintain effective pressure contact, reducing the possibility of edge contact and local stress concentration caused by a single rigid pressure block. A return spring continuously provides clamping and resetting action to the pressure blocks. Its two ends are positioned by positioning protrusions, reducing the risk of spring slippage during the pressure block's swing. The swing guide mechanism limits the movement trajectory of the pressure blocks through arc-shaped adjustment holes and guide rods, ensuring that its swing direction matches the geometry of the arc-shaped pressure pair. This maintains the controlled movement state of the structure while ensuring local self-adaptation. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the load-bearing testing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the loading drive component, the spherical swing bearing mechanism, and the adaptive pressure block mechanism described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the adaptive pressing mechanism described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the adaptive pressing mechanism described in an embodiment of the present invention from another perspective;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the spherical swing bearing mechanism and the adaptive pressure block mechanism described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the spherical swing pressure-bearing mechanism described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a partially enlarged structural diagram of the elastic centering component described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the loading driver component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the load-bearing frame assembly and the crossbeam according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pipe pile support assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0041] 100. Support frame assembly; 110. Column; 120. Horizontal beam support connection; 130. Support base; 200. Horizontal beam; 300. Pipe pile; 400. Loading drive assembly; 410. Linear drive component; 420. Drive mounting plate; 430. Output connection plate; 500. Spherical swing bearing mechanism; 510. Bearing seat; 520. First spherical mating part; 531. Second spherical mating part; 532. Necked shaft; 540. Annular limiting component; 541. Reinforcing rib; 550. Elastic centering assembly; 551. Ball head pressing part; 552. Adjusting nut; 553. Centering spring; 554. Limiting nut; 560. Elastic buffer; 600. Adaptive pressure block mechanism; 610. Bearing base; 611. First arc-shaped mating part; 620. Pressure block; 621. Arc-shaped contact surface; 630. Mounting groove; 631. Second arc-shaped mating part; 640. Return spring; 650. Swinging guide mechanism; 700. Pipe pile support assembly; 710. Support base plate; 720. Limiting stop; 730. Arc-shaped support seat. Detailed Implementation

[0042] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0043] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0044] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0045] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0046] This embodiment provides a load-bearing testing device for ultra-high strength prestressed concrete piles, including two sets of load-bearing frame assemblies 100, a crossbeam 200, a loading drive assembly 400, a spherical swing bearing mechanism 500, an adaptive pressure block mechanism 600, and a pipe pile support assembly 700 for supporting the pipe pile 300. The two sets of load-bearing frame assemblies 100 are respectively disposed at both ends of the crossbeam 200 and are used to support the crossbeam 200. The loading drive assembly 400 is disposed in the middle of the crossbeam 200 and faces the pipe pile 300. The spherical swing... The dynamic pressure bearing mechanism 500 is connected to the output end of the loading drive component 400, and the adaptive pressure block mechanism 600 is set below the spherical swing pressure bearing mechanism 500, so that the loading action generated by the loading drive component 400 can be transmitted to the pipe pile 300 in sequence through the spherical swing pressure bearing mechanism 500 and the adaptive pressure block mechanism 600. The pipe pile support component 700 is set below the pipe pile 300 and supports the pipe pile 300, thereby forming a load-bearing test force system composed of the loading end, the pipe pile 300 and the lower support end.

[0047] Each set of support frame assemblies 100 includes a column 110, a crossbeam support connection 120, and a support base 130. The support base 130 is located at the lower end of the column 110 and is used to fix and support the column 110. The crossbeam support connection 120 is located at the upper end of the column 110. The two ends of the crossbeam 200 are respectively supported on two crossbeam support connections 120 and fixed to the corresponding crossbeam support connections 120 by bolts, so that the two sets of support frame assemblies 100 jointly support the same crossbeam 200. The loading drive assembly 400 is installed in the middle of the crossbeam 200, and includes The linear drive component 410, two drive mounting plates 420, and an output connecting plate 430 are provided. The two drive mounting plates 420 are respectively disposed on the upper and lower sides of the crossbeam 200 and are used together to install and fix the linear drive component 410. The output connecting plate 430 is disposed at the output end of the linear drive component 410 and is fixedly connected to the pressure seat 510 of the spherical swing pressure bearing mechanism 500. The output direction of the linear drive component 410 is perpendicular to the length direction of the pipe pile 300, thereby enabling the spherical swing pressure bearing mechanism 500 and the adaptive pressure block mechanism 600 to move toward or away from the pipe pile 300. Optionally, the linear drive component 410 is a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder.

[0048] The spherical oscillating pressure bearing mechanism 500 includes a pressure bearing seat 510, an oscillating pressure bearing component, an annular limiting component 540, an elastic centering component 550, and an elastic buffer component 560. The pressure bearing seat 510 is fixedly connected to the output connecting plate 430. The pressure bearing seat 510 has a first spherical mating part 520 inside, which is an inwardly recessed spherical mating structure. The oscillating pressure bearing component includes a second spherical mating part 531 located at the upper part and a necked shaft 532 extending downward from the second spherical mating part 531. The second spherical mating part 531 is a convex spherical pressure bearing structure adapted to the first spherical mating part 520. A sliding pressure bearing fit is formed between the second spherical mating part 531 and the first spherical mating part 520, so that when the oscillating pressure bearing component is subjected to the axial load transmitted by the pressure bearing seat 510, it can tilt and adjust relative to the pressure bearing seat 510 in different directions according to the force state of the lower part. At the same time, the main loading action is transmitted by the spherical areas in contact with each other.

[0049] The pressure bearing seat 510 has a stepped mounting portion at its bottom. The annular limiting member 540 is an integral annular structure and is embedded and fixed in the stepped mounting portion. The necking shaft 532 extends downward from the second spherical fitting portion 531 and passes through the middle area of ​​the annular limiting member 540, so that the annular limiting member 540 is arranged around the necking shaft 532. The radial cross-section of the annular limiting member 540 is L-shaped, and its inner limiting portion facing the necking shaft 532 has an arc transition surface. When the swinging pressure bearing tilts under the spherical fitting relationship, the necking shaft... 532 can produce corresponding positional changes within the limiting space enclosed by the annular limiting member 540. When the degree of tilt reaches the position defined by the annular limiting member 540, the annular limiting member 540 forms a mechanical limit on the necking shaft 532 to restrict the swinging bearing member from continuing to tilt. The arc transition surface is used to increase the contact area during extreme contact and reduce local stress concentration. The annular limiting member 540 is also provided with reinforcing ribs 541 along the circumferential direction to improve the structural strength of the annular limiting member 540 under the limiting force state.

[0050] The elastic buffer 560 is sleeved around the necked shaft 532 and supported between the annular limiting member 540 and the swing bearing member. The elastic buffer 560 applies an axial preload force to the swing bearing member in the direction of the first spherical mating part 520, so that the second spherical mating part 531 remains in contact with the first spherical mating part 520 in the unloaded and unloaded states, preventing the swing bearing member from moving downward under its own weight and being directly supported by the annular limiting member 540; when the loading drive assembly 400 applies a load, the bearing seat 510 passes through the first spherical mating part 532. The direct pressure contact between the first spherical mating part 520 and the second spherical mating part 531 transmits the main axial load to the swing bearing member, while the elastic buffer 560 does not serve as a main load-transmitting structure. When the swing bearing member tilts relative to the bearing seat 510, the corresponding part of the elastic buffer 560 undergoes elastic deformation, providing elastic support and buffering for the tilting movement of the swing bearing member while maintaining contact between the first spherical mating part 520 and the second spherical mating part 531. When the swing bearing member continues to tilt to a limited position, it is mechanically limited by the annular limiting member 540. Optionally, the elastic buffer 560 may be a wave spring or an annular elastic member with axial elastic deformation capability.

[0051] Four elastic alignment components 550 are provided, and the four elastic alignment components 550 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the annular limiting member 540. Each elastic alignment component 550 passes through the annular limiting member 540 radially and acts inwardly on the necking shaft 532 from the annular limiting member 540. Each elastic alignment component 550 includes a guide slide rod, a ball head pressing part 551, an adjusting nut 552, an alignment spring 553, and a limiting nut 554. The ball head pressing part 551 is located at the inner end of the guide slide rod and abuts against the outer circumferential surface of the necking shaft 532. The alignment spring 553 is sleeved on the outer side of the guide slide rod and provides an elastic force to the guide slide rod toward the necking shaft 532. The adjusting nut 552 and the limiting nut 554 are also included. All are threadedly connected to the guide slide rod. The adjusting nut 552 and the limiting nut 554 are set from the inside to the outside along the guide slide rod. The adjusting nut 552 is used to adjust the preload of the centering spring 553, and the limiting nut 554 is used to limit the outward movement of the guide slide rod. The four ball head pressing parts 551 are elastically abutted against the necking shaft 532 in different radial directions, so that the swing bearing member is in a centered state close to the output axis of the loading drive assembly 400 when it is not subjected to the tilting action. When the swing bearing member is tilted by force, the centering spring 553 in the corresponding direction is compressed and the centering spring 553 in the opposite direction is released, thereby forming an elastic recovery action opposite to the tilting direction, and assisting the swing bearing member to return to the initial position after the load is released.

[0052] The lower end of the necking shaft 532 of the swing bearing member is fixedly connected to the bearing base 610 of the adaptive pressure block mechanism 600 by multiple bolts. Therefore, when the swing bearing member tilts and adjusts, it can drive the bearing base 610 to change its posture synchronously. Two mounting grooves 630 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the bearing base 610. Two bearing blocks 620 are respectively arranged in the two mounting grooves 630 and symmetrically distributed above the pipe pile 300 along the direction perpendicular to the length of the pipe pile 300, so that the two bearing blocks 620 can respectively make pressure contact with the outer wall areas on both sides of the top of the pipe pile 300.

[0053] Each pressure block 620 includes a pressure block body and an adjustment base disposed on the upper end of the pressure block body. A first arc-shaped mating part 611 is formed in the mounting groove 630, and a second arc-shaped mating part 631 is formed in the middle of the adjustment base. The first arc-shaped mating part 611 is a concave arc-shaped mating structure, and the second arc-shaped mating part 631 is a convex arc-shaped structure adapted to the first arc-shaped mating part 611. The two slide and bear pressure with each other, so that the loading action can be carried by the bearing base 610 through the first arc-shaped mating part 611 and the second arc-shaped mating part 631. The mating part 631 transmits the force to the bearing block 620, enabling the bearing block 620 to swing relative to the bearing base 610 according to the arc trajectory defined by the two arc-shaped mating parts; the lower surface of the pressure block body forms an arc-shaped contact surface 621, which is a shallow concave arc-shaped contact surface extending along the length of the pipe pile 300, used to form a pressure-bearing contact with the outer wall of the pipe pile 300, so that the left and right bearing blocks 620 can adjust their contact posture according to the shape of the outer wall of the pipe pile 300 and the load state of their respective corresponding areas.

[0054] Each pressure block 620 is provided with two return springs 640. The two return springs 640 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the top of the adjusting base. One end of the return spring 640 abuts against the adjusting base, and the other end abuts against the inner wall of the mounting groove 630. This causes elastic deformation when the pressure block 620 swings relative to the bearing base 610, and forms an elastic force to restore the pressure block 620 to its initial position. The adjusting base is provided with a first positioning protrusion at the location of each return spring 640. A second positioning protrusion is provided on the inner wall of the mounting groove 630 at the position opposite to the first positioning protrusion. The two ends of the return spring 640 are respectively sleeved on the outside of the first positioning protrusion and the second positioning protrusion, so that the position of the two ends of the return spring 640 is restricted, and the return spring 640 is prevented from sliding laterally along the inside of the mounting groove 630 or leaving the predetermined position when the pressure block 620 swings.

[0055] Each pressure block 620 is also provided with two swing guide mechanisms 650. The two swing guide mechanisms 650 are located at both ends of the adjustment base along its length. Each swing guide mechanism 650 includes two arc-shaped adjustment holes respectively provided on the opposite side walls of the mounting groove 630 and a guide rod. The guide rod passes through the adjustment base, and its two ends extend into the two opposite arc-shaped adjustment holes respectively. It can move along the corresponding arc-shaped adjustment holes as the pressure block 620 swings. The extension trajectory of the arc-shaped adjustment holes is adapted to the swing trajectory defined by the first arc-shaped mating part 611 and the second arc-shaped mating part 631, so that the swing guide mechanisms 650 at both ends of the same pressure block 620 jointly constrain the movement direction and swing range of the pressure block 620, and prevent the pressure block 620 from leaving the mounting groove 630 or from producing movement inconsistent with the arc-shaped pressure mating relationship. The swing guide mechanism 650 mainly serves as a motion guide and anti-detachment limiter. When the pressure block 620 is under normal loading, the main load is still transmitted upward through the pressure-bearing contact between the first arc-shaped mating part 611 and the second arc-shaped mating part 631, so as to reduce the main ballast load on the guide rod.

[0056] The two pressure blocks 620 can swing independently within their respective mounting slots 630. When there is a difference in the initial contact state between the outer wall of the pipe pile 300 and the two arc-shaped contact surfaces 621, or when the pipe pile 300 deforms during loading, causing a change in the local contact posture, the corresponding pressure block 620 can change its posture along the trajectory defined by the first arc-shaped mating part 611 and the second arc-shaped mating part 631 under the action of the reaction force of the pipe pile 300. At the same time, the return spring 640 always provides elastic pressing and reset action to the pressure block 620, keeping the arc-shaped contact surface 621 close to the outer wall of the pipe pile 300. Thus, the spherical swing pressure mechanism 500 undertakes the adjustment of the overall pressure posture, and the adaptive pressure block mechanism 600 undertakes the adjustment of the local contact state of the outer wall of the pipe pile 300. The two-stage structure acts on posture changes of different scales.

[0057] Three sets of pipe pile support assemblies 700 are arranged at intervals along the length of the pipe pile 300. The three sets of pipe pile support assemblies 700 jointly support the same pipe pile 300. Each set of pipe pile support assemblies 700 includes a support base plate 710, two limiting blocks 720, and an arc-shaped support seat 730. The two limiting blocks 720 are symmetrically arranged above the support base plate 710, and the arc-shaped support seat 730 is located between the two limiting blocks 720. Its upper arc-shaped support area is used to support the outer wall of the pipe pile 300, and its two sides form corresponding limiting blocks. The limiting groove of the block 720 is embedded in the corresponding limiting groove and fixedly connected to the arc-shaped support 730 by bolts to laterally position and fix the arc-shaped support 730. The bottom of the arc-shaped support 730 is provided with a support part, which is in pressure contact with the support base plate 710 and fixedly connected by bolts to keep the arc-shaped support 730 fixed relative to the support base plate 710. The load transmitted from the pipe pile 300 to the arc-shaped support 730 is transmitted to the support base plate 710 through the support part. Preferably, the connecting bolt between the limiting block 720 and the arc-shaped support 730 is located on the side away from the pipe pile 300, and the connecting bolt between the arc-shaped support 730 and the support base plate 710 is installed from the bottom to the top of the support base plate 710 to prevent the connecting parts from entering the support contact area of ​​the pipe pile 300.

[0058] In this embodiment, the main loading path during the load test is the linear drive component 410, output connecting plate 430, bearing seat 510, first spherical mating part 520 and second spherical mating part 531, necking shaft 532, bearing base 610, first arc-shaped mating part 611 and second arc-shaped mating part 631, bearing block 620 and pipe pile 300. The load on the pipe pile 300 is transmitted downward through three sets of pipe pile support components 700; the reaction force generated by the loading drive component 400 is transmitted to the foundation support position through the drive mounting plate 420, crossbeam 200 and two sets of bearing frame components 100, thus forming a complete force closed loop. The annular limiting component 540, elastic centering component 550, elastic buffer component 560, return spring 640 and swing guide mechanism 650 mainly undertake the functions of limiting, centering, buffering, returning and guiding, respectively, and are not used as the bearing path for transmitting the main loading force under normal conditions.

[0059] The working method of this embodiment

[0060] Step 1: Set three sets of pipe pile support components 700 along the length of the pipe pile 300 at the test position. Support each pipe pile support component 700 with the support base plate 710. Place the pipe pile 300 to be tested on the three arc-shaped support seats 730, so that the pipe pile 300 is supported at multiple positions along the length direction. The positioning is achieved by the cooperation of the limiting block 720 and the limiting grooves on both sides of the arc-shaped support seat 730. The arc-shaped support seat 730 is fixed to the limiting block 720 and the support base plate 710 with bolts to maintain the support position of the arc-shaped support seat 730.

[0061] Step 2: Before testing, based on the initial state of the spherical oscillating pressure bearing mechanism 500, adjust the preload of the four centering springs 553 by adjusting the adjusting nut 552, so that the four ball head pressing parts 551 elastically abut against the necking shaft 532 respectively, and keep the oscillating pressure bearing component in the initial position adapted to the output direction of the loading drive assembly 400 when not subjected to external bias; at the same time, check that the two pressure blocks 620 are located in the corresponding mounting grooves 630, and that the two ends of the return spring 640 are held in the predetermined position by the first positioning protrusion and the second positioning protrusion respectively.

[0062] Step 3: Activate the linear drive unit 410, so that its output end drives the spherical swing bearing mechanism 500 and the adaptive pressure block mechanism 600 to move toward the pipe pile 300 through the output connecting plate 430. The arc-shaped contact surfaces 621 at the bottom of the two bearing blocks 620 gradually come into contact with the outer wall of the pipe pile 300. When there is a difference in the initial contact state of the two bearing blocks 620, the bearing block 620 that contacts the pipe pile 300 first changes its posture along the arc-shaped trajectory formed by the first arc-shaped mating part 611 and the second arc-shaped mating part 631 under the action of contact reaction force. The guide rods at both ends move synchronously along the corresponding arc-shaped adjustment holes, and the reset spring 640 generates elastic deformation, so that the two bearing blocks 620 gradually form stable pressure contact with the outer wall of the pipe pile 300 respectively.

[0063] Step 4: The linear drive component 410 continues to output the loading action. The load is transmitted to the pipe pile 300 in sequence through the bearing seat 510, the spherical mating structure, the necking shaft 532, the bearing base 610, and the two bearing blocks 620. When the pipe pile 300 flexes or changes its overall contact posture during the loading process, the second spherical mating part 531 slides relative to the first spherical mating part 520, so that the swing bearing component and the adaptive pressure block mechanism 600 connected to it can tilt accordingly with the actual force posture of the pipe pile 300. The four elastic centering components 550 generate different degrees of elastic deformation according to the offset direction of the necking shaft 532, and at the same time provide the swing bearing component with the function of restoring to the initial position.

[0064] Step 5: When the swing bearing member is within the normal adjustment range, the elastic buffer 560 maintains the contact between the second spherical mating part 531 and the first spherical mating part 520 while generating elastic deformation and forming a buffer as the swing bearing member tilts; when the necking shaft 532 further shifts to the limiting position defined by the annular limiting part 540, the annular limiting part 540 forms a mechanical limit to restrict the swing bearing member from continuing to tilt, and after reaching the specified test load, the output state of the loading drive assembly 400 is maintained, so that the pipe pile 300 enters the load holding test stage.

[0065] Step 6: After the load is held, the linear drive 410 is unloaded and retracted. The two pressure blocks 620 gradually release their pressure on the pipe pile 300. The reset spring 640 drives the corresponding pressure block 620 to return to the initial position along the arc-shaped fit relationship. The four centering springs 553 act on the necking shaft 532 through the ball head pressing part 551, so that the swinging pressure member returns to the centering state. Then the loading end is completely separated from the pipe pile 300.

[0066] Step 7: After completing the test, remove the pipe pile 300 from the three sets of pipe pile support assemblies 700. When maintenance of the pressure-bearing structure is required, the bolt connection between the necking shaft 532 and the bearing base 610 can be released when the loading drive assembly 400 is in a fully unloaded state. The adaptive pressure block mechanism 600 can be disassembled, and the pressure seat 510, the annular limit member 540, the elastic centering assembly 550 and related elastic members can be inspected or replaced as needed for maintenance.

[0067] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A load-bearing testing device for ultra-high strength prestressed concrete piles, characterized in that: It includes two sets of load-bearing frame assemblies (100), a crossbeam (200), a loading drive assembly (400), a spherical swing bearing mechanism (500), an adaptive pressure block mechanism (600), and a pipe pile support assembly (700) for bearing pipe piles (300); Two sets of the bearing support frame assemblies (100) respectively support the two ends of the crossbeam (200), the loading drive assembly (400) is disposed in the middle of the crossbeam (200), the spherical swing bearing mechanism (500) is connected to the output end of the loading drive assembly (400), and the adaptive pressure block mechanism (600) is disposed below the spherical swing bearing mechanism (500); The spherical swing bearing mechanism (500) includes a bearing seat (510), a swing bearing member, an annular limiting member (540), and an elastic centering assembly (550). The bearing seat (510) is provided with a first spherical mating part (520). The swing bearing member includes a second spherical mating part (531) that slides and bears pressure with the first spherical mating part (520) and a necking shaft (532) extending downward from the second spherical mating part (531). The annular limiting member (540) is arranged around the necking shaft (532) and is used to limit the tilt range of the swing bearing member relative to the bearing seat (510). The elastic centering assembly (550) is arranged on the annular limiting member (540) and elastically abuts against the necking shaft (532). The adaptive pressure block mechanism (600) includes a bearing base (610) fixedly connected to the necking shaft (532) and two pressure blocks (620) symmetrically arranged below the bearing base (610). The bearing base (610) and each pressure block (620) are provided with a first arc-shaped fitting part (611) and a second arc-shaped fitting part (631) that slide and bear pressure with each other, so that the pressure block (620) can swing relative to the bearing base (610) along the arc-shaped trajectory defined by the first arc-shaped fitting part (611) and the second arc-shaped fitting part (631). The lower part of the pressure block (620) forms an arc-shaped contact surface (621) for contacting the outer wall of the pipe pile (300).

2. The load-bearing testing device for ultra-high strength prestressed concrete piles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first spherical mating part (520) is a concave spherical mating structure formed inside the pressure bearing seat (510), and the second spherical mating part (531) is a convex spherical pressure bearing structure that mates with the first spherical mating part (520). The necked shaft (532) extends downward from the second spherical mating part (531) and passes through the annular limiting member (540). The lower end of the necked shaft (532) is fixedly connected to the bearing base (610) by a plurality of bolts.

3. The load-bearing testing device for ultra-high strength prestressed concrete piles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure-bearing seat (510) has a stepped mounting part at the bottom, and the annular limiting member (540) is an integral annular structure and is embedded and fixed in the stepped mounting part; The radial section of the annular limiting member (540) is L-shaped. The inner limiting part of the annular limiting member (540) facing the necked shaft (532) is provided with an arc transition surface. The outer periphery of the annular limiting member (540) is provided with reinforcing ribs (541) arranged in the circumferential direction. An elastic buffer (560) is provided between the annular limiting member (540) and the swing bearing member. The elastic buffer (560) is sleeved around the necking shaft (532) and applies an elastic support force to the swing bearing member in the direction of the first spherical mating part (520) so that the second spherical mating part (531) remains in contact with the first spherical mating part (520). When the swing bearing member is tilted relative to the bearing seat (510), the elastic buffer (560) generates elastic deformation. The annular limiting member (540) is used to limit the necking shaft (532) when it is offset to the limiting position defined by the annular limiting member (540).

4. The load-bearing testing device for ultra-high strength prestressed concrete piles according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four elastic centering components (550) are provided. The four elastic centering components (550) are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the annular limiting member (540). Each elastic centering component (550) penetrates the annular limiting member (540) radially. Each of the aforementioned elastic centering components (550) includes a guide slide rod, a ball head pressing part (551) disposed at the inner end of the guide slide rod, an adjusting nut (552), a centering spring (553) sleeved on the outer side of the guide slide rod, and a limiting nut (554). The ball head pressing part (551) abuts against the outer peripheral surface of the necking shaft (532). The adjusting nut (552) and the limiting nut (554) are both threadedly connected to the guide slide rod. The adjusting nut (552) and the limiting nut (554) are arranged from the inside to the outside along the guide slide rod. The adjusting nut (552) is used to adjust the preload of the centering spring (553), and the limiting nut (554) is used to limit the outward movement of the guide slide rod.

5. The load-bearing testing device for ultra-high strength prestressed concrete piles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the bearing base (610) is symmetrically provided with two mounting grooves (630), and the two pressure blocks (620) are respectively disposed in the two mounting grooves (630); Each of the pressure blocks (620) includes a pressure block body and an adjustment base disposed on the upper end of the pressure block body. The first arc-shaped mating part (611) is formed in the mounting groove (630), and the second arc-shaped mating part (631) is disposed in the middle of the adjustment base. The first arc-shaped mating part (611) is a concave arc-shaped mating structure, and the second arc-shaped mating part (631) is a convex arc-shaped structure that slides and bears pressure with the first arc-shaped mating part (611).

6. The load-bearing testing device for ultra-high strength prestressed concrete piles according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each of the pressure blocks (620) is provided with two return springs (640). The two return springs (640) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the top of the adjustment base. One end of the return spring (640) abuts against the adjustment base, and the other end of the return spring (640) abuts against the inner wall of the mounting groove (630). The adjustment base has a first positioning protrusion at each of the reset springs (640) positions, and a second positioning protrusion is provided on the inner wall of the mounting groove (630) opposite to the first positioning protrusion. The two ends of the reset spring (640) are respectively sleeved on the outside of the first positioning protrusion and the second positioning protrusion to limit the lateral slippage of the reset spring (640) during the swinging process of the pressure block (620).

7. The load-bearing testing device for ultra-high strength prestressed concrete piles according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each of the pressure blocks (620) is provided with two swing guide mechanisms (650), and the two swing guide mechanisms (650) are respectively provided at both ends of the adjustment base along its length direction; Each of the swing guide mechanisms (650) includes two arc-shaped adjustment holes respectively disposed on opposite side walls of the mounting groove (630) and a guide rod. The guide rod passes through the adjustment base and extends into the two arc-shaped adjustment holes at both ends. The guide rod can move along the arc-shaped adjustment holes. The extension trajectory of the arc-shaped adjustment holes is adapted to the swing trajectory defined by the first arc-shaped mating part (611) and the second arc-shaped mating part (631) to limit the swing path of the pressure block (620) relative to the bearing base (610).

8. A load-bearing testing device for ultra-high strength prestressed concrete piles according to any one of claims 5-7, characterized in that: The two bearing blocks (620) are symmetrically arranged along a direction perpendicular to the length of the pipe pile (300). The arc-shaped contact surface (621) is a shallow concave arc-shaped contact surface formed on the lower surface of the bearing block body. The arc-shaped contact surface (621) extends along the length of the pipe pile (300). The two bearing blocks (620) can respectively form pressure contact with the outer wall of the pipe pile (300) through the arc-shaped contact surface (621).

9. The load-bearing testing device for ultra-high strength prestressed concrete piles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipe pile support assembly (700) is arranged in three sets at intervals along the length of the pipe pile (300). Each set of the pipe pile support assembly (700) includes a support base plate (710), two limiting blocks (720) and an arc-shaped support seat (730). The two limiting blocks (720) are symmetrically arranged above the support base plate (710). The arc-shaped support seat (730) is arranged between the two limiting blocks (720) and is used to support the pipe pile (300). Limiting grooves that cooperate with the two limiting blocks (720) are formed on both sides of the arc-shaped support seat (730). The bottom of the arc-shaped support seat (730) is pressure-fitted with the support base plate (710) through the support part.

10. The load-bearing testing device for ultra-high strength prestressed concrete piles according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the aforementioned support frame assemblies (100) includes a column (110), a crossbeam support connection part (120) disposed at the upper end of the column (110), and a support base (130) disposed at the lower end of the column (110). The two ends of the crossbeam (200) are respectively supported by the two crossbeam support connection parts (120) and are fixedly connected by bolts. The loading drive assembly (400) includes a linear drive (410), two drive mounting plates (420), and an output connecting plate (430). The two drive mounting plates (420) are respectively disposed on the upper and lower sides of the crossbeam (200) and together fix the linear drive (410). The output connecting plate (430) is disposed at the output end of the linear drive (410) and fixedly connected to the pressure seat (510). The linear drive (410) is a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder, and the output direction of the linear drive (410) is perpendicular to the length direction of the pipe pile (300).

Images