Hydraulic system for forging heat-resistant steel of thermal power unit with closed loop pressure compensation

Abstract

The application discloses a heat-resistant steel forging hydraulic system with closed-loop pressure compensation for a thermal power generating unit, and relates to the technical field of heat-resistant steel forging of the thermal power generating unit.The hydraulic system comprises an oil cylinder arranged on the top of a hydraulic machine, a compensation mechanism communicated with the output end of a hydraulic pump, an oil pressure opening valve end and a hydraulic compensation end of the compensation mechanism, and the hydraulic compensation end of the compensation mechanism is communicated with the top of the oil cylinder.Two valve structures are arranged in the compensation mechanism.The compensation mechanism comprises the oil pressure opening valve end and the two valve structures, the oil pressure opening valve end is used for receiving the hydraulic feedback in the oil cylinder, and the two valves are automatically opened through mechanical linkage according to the mechanical feedback of the hydraulic pressure, so that the self-adaptive closed-loop pressure compensation is realized in the mechanical linkage mode, and the use and subsequent maintenance costs are low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat-resistant steel forging technology for thermal power units, specifically to a hydraulic system for forging heat-resistant steel for thermal power units with closed-loop pressure compensation. Background Technology

[0002] Heat-resistant steel components of thermal power units operate under high temperature and high pressure conditions for extended periods, imposing stringent requirements on the material's internal density, grain uniformity, and mechanical properties. These components are mostly formed using large-scale forging hydraulic presses. As the core of the forging equipment, the stability of the forging hydraulic system's output pressure directly determines the forming quality of the heat-resistant steel forgings. If the forging pressure fluctuates or is insufficient, defects such as porosity, segregation, and cracks can easily occur inside the forgings, directly leading to product scrap and seriously affecting the operational safety of the core components of thermal power units.

[0003] In existing large forging hydraulic presses, during the forging of heat-resistant steel, as the billet continuously deforms and hardens, the forging load increases, causing a significant drop in the working pressure inside the cylinder. Therefore, a pressure compensation unit is generally required to maintain stable forging pressure. Currently, most mainstream pressure compensation solutions in the industry rely on an electro-hydraulic closed-loop compensation system composed of pressure sensors, proportional solenoid valves, and controllers. This system collects pressure signals, performs electronic calculations, and then drives the solenoid valve to complete pressure compensation.

[0004] During long-term operation, this type of electro-hydraulic compensation system suffers from high failure rates and high equipment maintenance costs due to the harsh working conditions at the forging site, including large vibrations and drastic oil temperature fluctuations. Electrical components such as sensors and solenoid valves are susceptible to vibration and oil contamination. In addition, the entire electro-hydraulic compensation system has many components, resulting in high purchase costs and requiring high professional technical skills from on-site maintenance personnel.

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, the inventors proposed a closed-loop pressure compensation hydraulic system for heat-resistant steel forging in thermal power units. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the high failure rate of electro-hydraulic compensation systems during long-term operation, which is caused by harsh working conditions at forging sites, high vibration, and drastic oil temperature fluctuations, and the susceptibility of electrical components such as sensors and solenoid valves to vibration and oil contamination, the present invention aims to provide a closed-loop pressure compensation hydraulic system for heat-resistant steel forging in thermal power units.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a hydraulic system for forging heat-resistant steel for thermal power units with closed-loop pressure compensation, including a hydraulic press, an oil tank disposed on one side of the bottom of the hydraulic press, and a hydraulic pump installed on the top of the oil tank for hydraulic output, wherein an oil cylinder is disposed on the top of the hydraulic press; The output end of the hydraulic pump is connected to a compensation mechanism, which is provided with an oil pressure opening valve end and a hydraulic compensation end. The hydraulic compensation end of the compensation mechanism is connected to the top of the oil cylinder, and the compensation mechanism has two valve structures inside. The hydraulic opening valve of the compensation mechanism is connected to one side of the top of the oil cylinder; The hydraulic opening end of the compensation mechanism is connected to the valve structure, and drives the two valve structures to open and close in conjunction, performing adaptive closed-loop pressure compensation.

[0008] Preferably, a central pivot valve is connected to the outer wall of the hydraulic press, and a return oil pipe is connected to one side of the central pivot valve, with the bottom of the return oil pipe connected to the inside of the oil tank; The bottom of the central hub valve is connected to an oil supply pipe, and the bottom of the oil supply pipe is connected to the inside of the oil tank. The top of the central hub valve is connected to a downstroke connecting pipe, and one end of the top of the downstroke connecting pipe is connected to the top of the oil cylinder. One side of the central hub valve is connected to an upstroke connecting pipe, one end of which is connected to the bottom of the oil cylinder, and a piston is slidably connected inside the oil cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, the central hub valve includes a support plate fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top of the hydraulic press and a cross valve body disposed on the support plate; A servo motor is installed on the outer wall of the support plate, and two rotating shafts are rotatably connected to the support plate. The output shaft of the servo motor is connected to one of the rotating shafts, which passes through the cross valve body and is rotatably connected. A valve block is connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and the valve block is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the cross valve body. One end of the upstroke connecting pipe is connected to the outer wall of the cross valve body, and a ball valve body is connected to the outer wall of the cross valve body. The top of the return oil pipe is connected to the outer wall of the ball valve body. The downstroke connecting pipe is connected to the top of the cross valve body, and the oil supply pipe is connected to the bottom of the cross valve body.

[0010] Preferably, one end of each of the two rotating shafts is connected to a gear, and the two gears mesh with each other; A rotating shaft passes through the ball valve body and is rotatably connected thereto, and a valve plate is connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the compensation mechanism includes a bifurcated pipe, the bottom of which is connected to the output end of the hydraulic pump, and the top of which is connected to the top of the oil cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the hydraulic opening valve end of the compensation mechanism includes a T-shaped sleeve slidably connected to the outer wall of the branch pipe and a pressure-relieving chamber shell connected to the oil cylinder; The bottom end of the T-shaped sleeve is slidably connected to the inside of the pressure-relieving chamber shell, and a feedback rod is slidably connected inside the pressure-relieving chamber shell, with one end of the feedback rod connected to one end of the pressure-relieving chamber shell; A circular plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the feedback rod, and a first spring is provided between the circular plate and the pressure relief chamber shell.

[0013] Preferably, the valve of the compensation mechanism includes a connecting strip for connecting to the inside of the T-shaped sleeve and an olive cone for connecting to one end of the connecting strip, wherein the end of the connecting strip near the olive cone is configured as a rod. A conical ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bifurcated tube, and the conical ring is engaged with the olive cone for on / off connection.

[0014] Preferably, the valve of the compensation mechanism includes a conical block for connecting to one end of the connecting bar; The bifurcated pipe has a flow cavity at one end near the oil cylinder, and the conical block is slidably connected inside the flow cavity; A second spring is provided between the conical block and the flow cavity. The second spring is sleeved on the connecting strip. A flow hole is provided at the top of the flow cavity, and a port is provided at the bottom of the flow cavity.

[0015] Preferably, the bottom of the conical block is configured as a conical inclined surface, and the bottom of the flow cavity is configured as a conical inner wall, wherein the conical inclined surface and the conical inner wall fit together.

[0016] Preferably, a groove is provided on the bottom outer wall of the bifurcation tube, the groove being used for the connecting strip and the T-shaped sleeve to slide together, and the T-shaped sleeve being sealed and slidably connected to the outer wall of the bifurcation tube.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention utilizes a compensation mechanism, which includes a hydraulic opening valve and two valve structures. The hydraulic opening valve receives hydraulic feedback from inside the cylinder. Based on the mechanical feedback of the hydraulic pressure, the two valves are opened adaptively through mechanical linkage, achieving mechanical linkage-based adaptive closed-loop pressure compensation. Compared with existing pressure compensation methods, this invention eliminates the need for numerous sensors and solenoid valves, resulting in lower usage and subsequent maintenance costs.

[0018] 2. In one part of the valve structure of the present invention, the conical block is provided with a conical top to reduce the frontal resistance of hydraulic oil flow. The conical block is made of a deformable material. When hydraulic oil flows, the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic oil acts on the outer wall of the conical block, and the conical block contracts and lengthens, thereby increasing the flow gap between the conical block and the flow cavity. When there is no subsequent hydraulic flow compensation inside the bifurcation pipe, the cone block deforms and resets, opening and closing the bottom port of the flow cavity, thus enabling adaptive flow rate changes based on pressure. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic cylinder structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the central hub valve and return oil pipe structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the oil tank, hydraulic pump, and central hub valve of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the compensation mechanism of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the compensation mechanism of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure at point B.

[0028] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure at point C.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Hydraulic press; 11. Cylinder; 12. Piston; 2. Downstroke connecting pipe; 3. Oil tank; 4. Central pivot valve; 41. Servo motor; 42. Support plate; 43. Cross valve body; 44. Ball valve body; 45. Gear; 46. Valve block; 47. Valve plate; 48. Shaft; 5. Return oil pipe; 6. Compensation mechanism; 61. Bifurcation pipe; 610. Conical ring; 611. Flow chamber; 612. Flow hole; 62. Pressure relief chamber shell; 63. Feedback rod; 64. T-shaped sleeve; 65. First spring; 66. Circular plate; 67. Olive cone; 68. Connecting bar; 681. Conical block; 69. Second spring; 7. Upstroke connecting pipe; 8. Hydraulic pump; 9. Oil delivery pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] like Figure 1 - Figure 9 As shown, the present invention provides a hydraulic system for forging heat-resistant steel for thermal power units with closed-loop pressure compensation, including a hydraulic press 1, an oil tank 3 disposed on one side of the bottom of the hydraulic press 1, and a hydraulic pump 8 installed on the top of the oil tank 3 for hydraulic output. An oil cylinder 11 is disposed on the top of the hydraulic press 1. The output end of the hydraulic pump 8 is connected to a compensation mechanism 6, which is provided with an oil pressure opening valve end and a hydraulic compensation end. The hydraulic compensation end of the compensation mechanism 6 is connected to the top of the oil cylinder 11, and the compensation mechanism 6 has two valve structures inside. The hydraulic opening valve of the compensation mechanism 6 is connected to the top side of the oil cylinder 11; The hydraulic opening end of the compensation mechanism 6 is connected to the valve structure, and drives the two valve structures to open and close in a coordinated manner to perform adaptive closed-loop pressure compensation.

[0032] Combination Figure 2 - Figure 4 As shown, a central pivot valve 4 is connected to the outer wall of the hydraulic press 1. A return oil pipe 5 is connected to one side of the central pivot valve 4, and the bottom of the return oil pipe 5 is connected to the inside of the oil tank 3. The bottom of the central hub valve 4 is connected to an oil supply pipe 9, and the bottom of the oil supply pipe 9 is connected to the inside of the oil tank 3. The top of the central pivot valve 4 is connected to the downstroke connecting pipe 2, and one end of the top of the downstroke connecting pipe 2 is connected to the top of the oil cylinder 11. One side of the central pivot valve 4 is connected to the upstroke connecting pipe 7, one end of the upstroke connecting pipe 7 is connected to the bottom of the oil cylinder 11, and the piston 12 is slidably connected inside the oil cylinder 11. The purpose of this setup is to pump the hydraulic oil inside the oil tank 3 through the oil delivery pipe 9, the central hub valve 4, and the lower stroke connecting pipe 2 to the top of the oil cylinder 11 via the hydraulic pump 8. The hydraulic oil pushes the piston 12 downward to perform the stamping operation. When the piston 12 moves upward inside the cylinder 11, the upstroke connecting pipe 7 pumps water into the bottom of the cylinder 11 to push the piston 12 upward, thereby controlling the up and down movement of the piston 12.

[0033] Combination Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown; More specifically, the central hub valve 4 includes a support plate 42 fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the hydraulic press 1 and a cross valve body 43 disposed on the support plate 42; A servo motor 41 is installed on the outer wall of the support plate 42, and two rotating shafts 48 are rotatably connected to the support plate 42. The output shaft of the servo motor 41 is connected to one of the rotating shafts 48, which passes through the cross valve body 43 and is rotatably connected. A valve block 46 is connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and the valve block 46 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the cross valve body 43. One end of the upper stroke connecting pipe 7 is connected to the outer wall of the cross valve body 43, and the outer wall of the cross valve body 43 is connected to the ball valve body 44. The top of the return oil pipe 5 is connected to the outer wall of the ball valve body 44. The downstroke connecting pipe 2 is connected to the top of the cross valve body 43, and the oil supply pipe 9 is connected to the bottom of the cross valve body 43. During the hydraulic oil circulation process, when it is necessary to pump hydraulic oil through the downstroke connecting pipe 2 to the top of the cylinder 11, combined with... Figure 4 As shown, valve block 46 keeps the connection port between the upper stroke connecting pipe 7 and the cross valve body 43 closed, and then valve plate 47 keeps the connection between ball valve body 44 and return oil pipe 5 closed, allowing lubricating oil to be pumped from oil supply pipe 9 into the interior of cross valve body 43, and flow through lower stroke connecting pipe 2 to the top of oil cylinder 11. Hydraulic pressure acts on the top of piston 12 to realize the downward operation of piston 12.

[0034] Combination Figure 4 As shown; Furthermore, one end of each of the two shafts is connected to a gear 45, and the two gears 45 mesh with each other; A rotating shaft 48 passes through the ball valve body 44 and is rotatably connected thereto; a valve plate 47 is connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft. When it is necessary to rotate and adjust the valve block 46 and the valve plate 47, the output shaft of the servo motor 41 drives one of the rotating shafts to rotate, which in turn drives a gear 45 to rotate. The two gears 45 have the same gear ratio and diameter, and the two gears 45 mesh and rotate with each other. Combination Figure 4 As shown, when the right gear 45 rotates counterclockwise, the left gear 45 rotates clockwise. At this time, the valve plate 47 changes from vertical to horizontal, completing a 90-degree rotation change, which is used for the flow of lubricating oil between the cross valve body 43 and the ball valve body 44. The valve block 46 rotates 90 degrees counterclockwise with the rotating shaft and the right gear 45. At this time, the valve block 46 does not completely seal the connection between the cross valve body 43 and the lower stroke connecting pipe 2, leaving a part of the port exposed. The purpose is that, in this process, the piston 12 moves upward, and the lubricating oil from the oil supply pipe 9 passes through the cross valve body 43 and the upper stroke connecting pipe 7. Since the port of the upper stroke connecting pipe 7 is larger at this time and the leakage port of the lower stroke connecting pipe 2 is smaller, the pumped lubricating oil is guided along the bottom arc surface of the valve block 46 to the inside of the upper stroke connecting pipe 7 and flows to the bottom of the oil cylinder 11, pushing the piston 12 upward, and the piston 12 moves upward.

[0035] Combination Figure 5 - Figure 9 As shown; The compensation mechanism 6 includes a bifurcated pipe 61, the bottom of which is connected to the output end of the hydraulic pump 8, and the top of which is connected to the top of the oil cylinder 11. This configuration allows the hydraulic pump 8 to deliver the hydraulic oil from inside the oil tank 3 to the top of the cylinder 11 via the branch pipe 61 for pressure compensation.

[0036] Furthermore, in combination Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the hydraulic valve opening end of the compensation mechanism 6 includes a T-shaped sleeve 64 that is slidably connected to the outer wall of the branch pipe 61 and a pressure relief chamber shell 62 that is connected to the oil cylinder 11. The bottom end of the T-shaped sleeve 64 is slidably connected inside the pressure relief chamber 62. A feedback rod 63 is slidably connected inside the pressure relief chamber 62, and one end of the feedback rod 63 is connected to one end of the pressure relief chamber 62. A circular plate 66 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the feedback rod 63, and a first spring 65 is provided between the circular plate 66 and the pressure relief chamber shell 62. The purpose of this arrangement is that when the piston 12 moves downwards and performs a pressing action, some of the hydraulic oil inside the cylinder 11 flows to and pushes the feedback rod 63 to move. The feedback rod 63 drives the circular plate 66 to move inside the pressure-relieving chamber 62, compressing the first spring 65. The movement of the feedback rod 63 also drives the T-shaped sleeve 64 to move. The T-shaped sleeve 64 slides to the right along the top of the bifurcation tube 61, combining... Figure 7 As shown, this causes the two valve structures to open, allowing the hydraulic oil flowing from the branch pipe 61 to be pumped into the top of the cylinder 11 for adaptive compensation.

[0037] Combination Figure 8 As shown, one structure of the valve of the compensation mechanism 6 includes a connecting bar 68 for connecting to the inside of the T-shaped sleeve 64 and an olive cone 67 for connecting to one end of the connecting bar 68. The end of the connecting bar 68 near the olive cone 67 is configured as a rod. A conical ring 610 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the branch pipe 61, and the conical ring 610 and the olive cone 67 are engaged in a through-and-off fit. As the T-shaped sleeve 64 slides to the right along the top of the bifurcation pipe 61, the T-shaped sleeve 64 drives the connecting bar 68 and the olive cone 67, engaging... Figure 8 The right side moves, the gap between the olive cone 67 and the conical ring 610 opens, and the hydraulic oil flowing to the right side of the branch pipe 61 flows through the gap between the conical ring 610 and the olive cone 67. The olive cone 67 is a cone at both ends, which reduces the flow resistance. The end of the connecting bar 68 near the olive cone 67 is set as a rod, so that the T-shaped sleeve 64 maintains the stability of the horizontal push of the olive cone 67.

[0038] Combination Figure 9 As shown; The valve of the compensation mechanism 6 has a second structure including a tapered block 681 for connecting to one end of the connecting bar 68; A flow chamber 611 is provided at one end of the branch pipe 61 near the oil cylinder 11, and the conical block 681 is slidably connected inside the flow chamber 611. A second spring 69 is provided between the conical block 681 and the flow cavity 611. The second spring 69 is sleeved on the connecting strip 68. A flow hole 612 is provided at the top of the flow cavity 611, and a port is provided at the bottom of the flow cavity 611.

[0039] The bottom of the conical block 681 is set as a conical inclined surface, and the bottom of the flow cavity 611 is set as a conical inner wall, with the conical inclined surface and the conical inner wall fitting together. The purpose of this arrangement is that when the T-shaped sleeve 64 pulls the connecting strip 68, it causes the conical block 681 to move upward and squeeze the second spring 69. The hydraulic oil inside the bifurcated pipe 61 flows through the flow hole 612 into the flow chamber 611 and is injected from the top of the cylinder 11 through the bottom port of the flow chamber 611, thereby achieving hydraulic pressure compensation. The tapered inclined surface and the inner wall of the tapered structure fit together. Under the tension of the second spring 69, the tapered block 681 remains closed to the bottom port of the flow cavity 611. Since the hydraulic cylinder 11 pushes from top to bottom, the tapered block 681 and the bottom port of the flow cavity 611 remain closed when no compensation is required. The tapered top of the tapered block 681 reduces the frontal resistance of hydraulic oil flow. In addition, the tapered block 681 can be made of a deformable material. When hydraulic oil flows, the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic oil acts on the outer wall of the tapered block 681, causing the tapered block 681 to contract and lengthen, thereby increasing the flow gap between the tapered block 681 and the flow cavity 611. When there is no subsequent hydraulic flow compensation inside the bifurcation pipe 61, the cone block 681 deforms and resets, opening and closing the bottom port of the flow cavity 611, so as to adapt the flow rate according to the pressure. Combined with the hydraulic valve opening structure of the compensation mechanism 6, and with the adaptive feedback of the internal pressure of the oil cylinder 11, the two valve structures of the compensation mechanism 6 are opened adaptively, thereby realizing mechanical linkage and adaptive closed-loop pressure compensation.

[0040] Furthermore, a groove is provided on the bottom outer wall of the bifurcation tube 61. The groove is used for the connecting strip 68 and the T-shaped sleeve 64 to slide together. The T-shaped sleeve 64 is sealed and slidably connected to the outer wall of the bifurcation tube 61. This configuration allows the sliding gap to be sealed by a conventional seal when the T-shaped sleeve 64 slides along the outer wall of the bifurcation pipe 61.

[0041] Working principle: When steel is forged through the forging and hydraulic devices equipped in this hydraulic system, the steel will gradually change from soft to hard when it is repeatedly forged. This will gradually require the hydraulic device to have closed-loop pressure compensation. This device presses down on the piston 12 through the downstroke connecting pipe 2, so that the piston 12 performs a downward stroke operation; The upper stroke connecting pipe 7 pushes the piston 12 upward, causing the piston 12 to move upward and retract, thereby realizing the reciprocating forging operation of the piston 12. In this process, the central hub valve 4, return oil pipe 5 and oil supply pipe 9 are conventional hydraulic transmission systems, which only perform hydraulic action on the piston 12 inside the oil cylinder 11. Existing conventional hydraulic transmission systems can also be used. The purpose of this invention is that: the compensation mechanism 6 is provided so that when more hydraulic pressure is needed during the reciprocating forging process of the piston 12, the lower stroke connecting pipe 2 can be supplied by the hydraulic pump 8 to perform a small amount of hydraulic compensation. Since the diameter of the lower stroke connecting pipe 2 is fixed and the hydraulic pump 8 has a maximum output power, the amount of hydraulic pressure that can be compensated is limited. Specifically, through the subsequent downstroke connecting pipe 2, a small amount of hydraulic pressure is compensated, and some of the hydraulic oil inside the cylinder 11 flows to and pushes the feedback rod 63 to move. The feedback rod 63 drives the circular plate 66 to move inside the pressure-relieving chamber 62, compressing the first spring 65. The movement of the feedback rod 63 drives the T-shaped sleeve 64 to move. The T-shaped sleeve 64 slides to the right along the top of the bifurcation pipe 61, combined with... Figure 7 As shown, this causes the two valve structures to open, allowing the hydraulic oil flowing from the branch pipe 61 to be pumped into the top of the cylinder 11 for adaptive compensation. As the T-shaped sleeve 64 slides to the right along the top of the bifurcation pipe 61, the T-shaped sleeve 64 drives the connecting bar 68 and the olive cone 67, engaging... Figure 8 The right side moves, the gap between the olive cone 67 and the conical ring 610 opens, and the hydraulic oil flowing to the right side of the branch pipe 61 flows through the gap between the conical ring 610 and the olive cone 67. The olive cone 67 is a cone at both ends, which reduces the flow resistance. The end of the connecting bar 68 near the olive cone 67 is set as a rod, so that the T-shaped sleeve 64 maintains the stability of the horizontal push of the olive cone 67. When the T-shaped sleeve 64 pulls the connecting strip 68, it causes the conical block 681 to move upward and squeeze the second spring 69. The hydraulic oil inside the branch pipe 61 flows into the flow cavity 611 through the flow hole 612. It is injected from the top of the cylinder 11 through the bottom port of the flow cavity 611, thereby achieving hydraulic pressure compensation. The tapered inclined surface and the inner wall of the tapered structure fit together. Under the tension of the second spring 69, the tapered block 681 remains closed to the bottom port of the flow cavity 611. Since the hydraulic cylinder 11 pushes from top to bottom, the tapered block 681 and the bottom port of the flow cavity 611 remain closed when no compensation is required. The tapered top of the tapered block 681 reduces the frontal resistance of hydraulic oil flow. In addition, the tapered block 681 can be made of a deformable material. When hydraulic oil flows, the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic oil acts on the outer wall of the tapered block 681, causing the tapered block 681 to contract and lengthen, thereby increasing the flow gap between the tapered block 681 and the flow cavity 611. When there is no subsequent hydraulic flow compensation inside the bifurcation pipe 61, the cone block 681 deforms and resets, opening and closing the bottom port of the flow cavity 611, so as to adapt the flow rate according to the pressure. Combined with the hydraulic valve opening structure of the compensation mechanism 6, and with the adaptive feedback of the internal pressure of the oil cylinder 11, the two valve structures of the compensation mechanism 6 are opened adaptively, thereby realizing mechanical linkage and adaptive closed-loop pressure compensation.

[0042] All standard mechanical parts used in this invention can be purchased commercially, and irregularly shaped parts can be custom-made according to the description and drawings. The specific mechanical connection methods for each part can employ conventional methods such as bolts, rivets, and welding, which are already well-established in the prior art. For motors and other mechanical parts or various electronic components involved in circuitry involved in this invention, the related circuit connections adopt conventional circuit topologies and control principles in the prior art. The corresponding circuit models and operating logic are clearly understood and skillfully applied by those skilled in the art, and will not be detailed here.

[0043] The standard mechanical parts used in this invention, including but not limited to fasteners, gears, and motors, are all commercially available standard products known in the relevant technical field and can be directly purchased from market channels. Irregularly shaped parts can be custom-made according to the structural descriptions in this specification and accompanying drawings.

[0044] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A hydraulic system for forging heat-resistant steel in thermal power units with closed-loop pressure compensation, comprising a hydraulic press (1), an oil tank (3) disposed on one side of the bottom of the hydraulic press (1), and a hydraulic pump (8) installed on the top of the oil tank (3) for hydraulic output, characterized in that: The top of the hydraulic press (1) is provided with an oil cylinder (11). The output end of the hydraulic pump (8) is connected to a compensation mechanism (6), which is provided with an oil pressure opening valve end and a hydraulic compensation end. The hydraulic compensation end of the compensation mechanism (6) is connected to the top of the oil cylinder (11), and the compensation mechanism (6) has two valve structures inside; The hydraulic opening valve end of the compensation mechanism (6) is connected to the top side of the oil cylinder (11); The hydraulic opening end of the compensation mechanism (6) is connected to the valve structure, and drives the two valve structures to open and close in a coordinated manner to perform adaptive closed-loop pressure compensation.

2. The hydraulic system for forging heat-resistant steel in thermal power units with closed-loop pressure compensation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A central pivot valve (4) is connected to the outer wall of the hydraulic press (1). A return oil pipe (5) is connected to one side of the central pivot valve (4). The bottom of the return oil pipe (5) is connected to the inside of the oil tank (3). The bottom of the central hub valve (4) is connected to an oil supply pipe (9), and the bottom of the oil supply pipe (9) is connected to the inside of the oil tank (3). The top of the central hub valve (4) is connected to the downstroke connecting pipe (2), and one end of the top of the downstroke connecting pipe (2) is connected to the top of the oil cylinder (11). One side of the central hub valve (4) is connected to an upstroke connecting pipe (7), one end of which is connected to the bottom of the oil cylinder (11), and a piston (12) is slidably connected inside the oil cylinder (11).

3. The hydraulic system for forging heat-resistant steel in thermal power units with closed-loop pressure compensation as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The central hub valve (4) includes a support plate (42) fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the hydraulic press (1) and a cross valve body (43) disposed on the support plate (42). A servo motor (41) is installed on the outer wall of the support plate (42), and two rotating shafts (48) are rotatably connected to the support plate (42). The output shaft of the servo motor (41) is connected to one of the rotating shafts (48), which passes through the cross valve body (43) and is rotatably connected. A valve block (46) is connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and the valve block (46) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the cross valve body (43). One end of the upstroke connecting pipe (7) is connected to the outer wall of the cross valve body (43), and the outer wall of the cross valve body (43) is connected to the ball valve body (44). The top of the return oil pipe (5) is connected to the outer wall of the ball valve body (44). The downstroke connecting pipe (2) is connected to the top of the cross valve body (43), and the oil supply pipe (9) is connected to the bottom of the cross valve body (43).

4. The hydraulic system for forging heat-resistant steel in thermal power units with closed-loop pressure compensation as described in claim 3, characterized in that, One end of each of the two shafts is connected to a gear (45), and the two gears (45) mesh with each other; A pivot (48) passes through the ball valve body (44) and is rotatably connected thereto, and a valve plate (47) is connected to the outer wall of the pivot.

5. The hydraulic system for forging heat-resistant steel in thermal power units with closed-loop pressure compensation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The compensation mechanism (6) includes a bifurcated pipe (61), the bottom of which is connected to the output end of the hydraulic pump (8), and the top of which is connected to the top of the cylinder (11).

6. The hydraulic system for forging heat-resistant steel in thermal power units with closed-loop pressure compensation as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The hydraulic valve opening end of the compensation mechanism (6) includes a T-shaped sleeve (64) slidably connected to the outer wall of the branch pipe (61) and a pressure relief chamber shell (62) connected to the oil cylinder (11). The bottom end of the T-shaped sleeve (64) is slidably connected to the inside of the pressure relief chamber shell (62), and a feedback rod (63) is slidably connected inside the pressure relief chamber shell (62). One end of the feedback rod (63) is connected to one end of the pressure relief chamber shell (62). A circular plate (66) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the feedback rod (63), and a first spring (65) is provided between the circular plate (66) and the pressure relief chamber shell (62).

7. The hydraulic system for forging heat-resistant steel in a thermal power unit with closed-loop pressure compensation as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The valve of the compensation mechanism (6) includes a connecting strip (68) for connecting to the inside of the T-shaped sleeve (64) and an olive cone (67) for connecting to one end of the connecting strip (68), wherein the end of the connecting strip (68) near the olive cone (67) is configured as a rod. A conical ring (610) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bifurcation tube (61), and the conical ring (610) is embedded in the olive cone (67) for on / off connection.

8. The hydraulic system for forging heat-resistant steel in a thermal power unit with closed-loop pressure compensation as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The valve of the compensation mechanism (6) has a second structure including a conical block (681) for connecting to one end of the connecting bar (68). The bifurcation pipe (61) has a flow cavity (611) at one end near the oil cylinder (11), and the conical block (681) is slidably connected inside the flow cavity (611); A second spring (69) is provided between the conical block (681) and the flow cavity (611). The second spring (69) is sleeved on the connecting strip (68). A flow hole (612) is provided at the top of the flow cavity (611), and a port is provided at the bottom of the flow cavity (611).

9. The hydraulic system for forging heat-resistant steel in a thermal power unit with closed-loop pressure compensation as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The bottom of the conical block (681) is set as a conical inclined surface, and the bottom of the flow cavity (611) is set as a conical inner wall, with the conical inclined surface and the conical inner wall fitting together.

10. The hydraulic system for forging heat-resistant steel in a thermal power unit with closed-loop pressure compensation as described in claim 7, characterized in that, A groove is provided on the bottom outer wall of the bifurcation tube (61). The groove is used for the connecting strip (68) and the T-shaped sleeve (64) to slide together. The T-shaped sleeve (64) is sealed and slidably connected to the outer wall of the bifurcation tube (61).

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