Multi-mode drilling process multi-dimensional parameter real-time while-drilling monitoring system

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-mode drilling process multi-dimensional parameter real-time while-drilling monitoring system, belongs to the technical field of while-drilling monitoring, and solves the problems that a monitoring system matched with an existing engineering driller is insufficient in transient feature capture, deficient in data timeliness and diversity, limited in application scene and low in data reliability under a strong vibration working condition. The system comprises a rock drilling subsystem, a hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem, a control subsystem and a data collecting and monitoring subsystem. According to the invention, millisecond-level real-time monitoring, data visualization and storage can be carried out on multi-dimensional parameters such as drilling stroke, pressure, flow, frequency, displacement, acceleration and the like in the while-drilling process. The system is high in integration level, quick in response, complete in data and high in adaptability, and reliability, effectiveness, comprehensiveness and timeliness of while-drilling data are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of drilling-while-monitoring, and in particular relates to a real-time drilling-while-drilling monitoring system for multi-dimensional parameters in a multi-mode drilling process. Background Art

[0002] Geotechnical engineering is an important supporting field for infrastructure construction. The accurate acquisition of its core parameters (rock strength, integrity, structural surface characteristics and dynamic characteristics of the formation) directly determines the engineering design, construction safety and efficiency. Traditional geotechnical mechanical parameter acquisition mainly relies on indoor experiments and in-situ tests, but such methods have significant limitations: on the one hand, indoor tests need to be completed through drilling sampling, and the rock cores in complex formations are easily disturbed, resulting in the sample being unable to truly reflect the in-situ rock structural surface characteristics; on the other hand, in-situ tests are mostly discrete point sampling, which makes it difficult to track dynamic formation changes in real time. In addition, the construction cycle of a single hole is long and the cost is high, which cannot meet the needs of large-scale projects.

[0003] In reality, the construction of projects such as mines, tunnels, and slopes requires the execution of numerous drilling operations. Drilling rig status data contains a wealth of information closely related to the strength, integrity, structural planes, and other aspects of the rock mass being drilled. Obtaining and utilizing this information to predict rock mass quality can be highly effective. However, the lack of a comprehensive while-drilling monitoring system for complex drilling processes makes it difficult to collect while-drilling data in real time, making it impossible to develop a method for characterizing rock mass quality based on this data. Therefore, the development of a multi-mode while-drilling monitoring system for drilling processes is imperative.

[0004] Currently, drilling rigs widely used in engineering projects suffer from the following significant issues, hindering the intelligent upgrade of drilling equipment and the real-time collection and display of while-drilling data: Serious data loss: Drilling operations are common in tunnel construction, slope protection, and geological surveys. For example, tunnel construction requires the excavation of blasting holes and grouting holes, slope protection requires drilling holes to install anchor rods and cables, and geological surveys use rotary cutting coring to obtain rock core samples. These drilling operations often utilize percussive or rotary drilling. While highly efficient and capable of obtaining complete rock samples, the drilling rigs typically lack data collection and monitoring capabilities, making it difficult to collect all drilling data in real time while drilling, resulting in the loss of a large amount of while-drilling data. Furthermore, during the drilling process, complex geological conditions and operating conditions pose severe challenges to drilling rig performance, impacting both drilling efficiency and the validity and accuracy of the data. Low data collection frequency: Currently used monitoring systems generally have a low data collection frequency and are unable to accurately capture the transient parameter characteristics of the drilling process. Many drilling rigs are equipped only with low-frequency sensors, making it difficult to record dynamic changes in critical parameters such as impact pressure and vibration acceleration over short periods of time. This results in a lack of timely and comprehensive monitoring data. The sampling interval and accuracy of existing equipment are insufficient to meet the high-frequency monitoring requirements in complex geological conditions. Data acquisition lags: Traditional drilling rigs often rely on manual recording of key parameters or intermittent data acquisition through simple instrument readings. This prevents continuous, dynamic monitoring of the drilling process and makes it easy to miss key changes during drilling, leading to potential equipment failures and construction anomalies. The lack of real-time data support can severely impact accuracy and response speed, especially in complex geological conditions or during long-term continuous operations. Drilling mode limitations: Most current drilling equipment operates in fixed modes, unable to flexibly adjust its drilling method to changing geological conditions. In actual projects, the physical properties of different geological layers vary significantly, such as hard rock, soft soil, or water-rich strata, requiring appropriate mode switching based on different drilling requirements. For example, in slope protection projects, the impact-push drilling mode is often used for the installation and protection of static prefabricated steel sheet piles: the steel sheet piles need to be buried deep in complex rock and soil layers to form a stable support structure. In this case, the impact-push mode drives the steel sheet piles downward through high-frequency impact force, which can efficiently penetrate the hard rock and soil layers, ensuring the installation depth and stability of the steel sheet piles, and providing reliable support for slope protection. The rotary cutting drilling mode is widely used in geological exploration and coring operations: by cutting the core with a rotating drill bit, a complete core sample can be collected for analysis of geological structure, mineral composition, and formation characteristics. This mode is suitable for soft soil layers or medium-hard rock layers, and can achieve high drilling accuracy while ensuring the integrity of the core.Drilling in complex formations utilizes a combined impact-rotation-propulsion drilling mode. This mode combines impact to break hard rock, rotation to cut soft rock, and propulsion to adapt to changing ground conditions. This hybrid drilling method effectively reduces the impact of ground variations on construction efficiency, increases drilling speed, and ensures tunnel construction safety. However, existing drilling equipment typically only operates in a single mode, making it inflexible in complex geological environments. This results in low drilling efficiency and can even cause equipment damage or accidents due to incompatibility with ground conditions.

[0005] At the same time, the monitoring systems for existing engineering drilling rigs are still at the "low-dimensional, low-efficiency, single-mode" stage, making it difficult to meet the needs of efficient and safe construction of geotechnical engineering projects under complex geological conditions. Specifically, the following technical pain points need to be addressed:

[0006] Inadequate capture of transient characteristics: Dynamic parameters such as impact pressure and impact acceleration exhibit transient changes during drilling, and their key characteristics are crucial for understanding rock and soil response. However, existing monitoring systems mostly use low-frequency acquisition methods, which collect limited data and make it difficult to accurately depict the dynamic changes throughout the drilling process. This results in a lack of effective data support for establishing the relationship between drilling parameters and the drilled rock mass, predicting unknown formation conditions, and forecasting rock mass quality.

[0007] Lack of data timeliness and diversity: Traditional monitoring systems are limited in functionality and can only collect a small number of parameters. They are unable to fully capture the multidimensional characteristics of rock formation changes, making it difficult to achieve real-time monitoring and data collection while drilling. For example, in complex geological conditions, existing systems struggle to accurately determine the specific location and properties of unfavorable geological units around the borehole. Due to issues such as delayed data sources and limited data types, they are unable to meet the demand for detailed analysis of the drilling process.

[0008] Limited application scenarios and low data reliability under strong vibration conditions: Current drilling systems typically only support a single drilling mode, making them difficult to adapt to complex and changing geological conditions and diverse application scenarios. This limitation not only reduces construction efficiency but also restricts the drill rig's adaptability to different engineering environments. Furthermore, under strong vibration conditions, existing systems exhibit low data reliability issues, such as data fluctuations and sensor failures leading to disconnected data streams. This often makes the collected data unusable, further hindering the effective monitoring and analysis of the drilling process.

[0009] Based on the above problems, we proposed a real-time while-drilling monitoring system for multi-dimensional parameters of the multi-mode drilling process, which can switch drilling modes according to different formation conditions and realize real-time high-precision, high-frequency and comprehensive data acquisition and monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to address the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a real-time while-drilling monitoring system for multi-dimensional parameters of a multi-mode drilling process, which solves the problems of insufficient transient feature capture, lack of data timeliness and diversity, limited application scenarios and low data reliability under strong vibration conditions in the monitoring systems of existing engineering drilling rigs.

[0011] The present invention is implemented as follows: a multi-mode drilling process multi-dimensional parameter real-time drilling monitoring system, the system comprising:

[0012] The rock drilling subsystem is used to perform impact, rotation, and thrust operations during drilling. It supports three drilling modes: impact-thrust, rotary cutting-thrust, and impact-rotary cutting-thrust, and dynamically switches drilling modes based on geological conditions. The subsystem's primary function is to efficiently transmit and convert external hydraulic and electrical energy into the impact, thrust, and rotational kinetic energy required for drilling, and to apply this energy to the drill bit in a coordinated and orderly manner, thereby achieving stable and efficient operation in multiple drilling modes. The rock drill can adjust three parameters during drilling: impact pressure, thrust pressure, and rotation speed. Adjusting the impact pressure adjusts the impact power, while changes in thrust pressure affect the contact force between the drill bit and the rock surface. Its impact module and rotation module are controlled separately by the control subsystem, enabling changes in drilling mode and parameters. In addition, the impact module and rotary module in the rock drilling subsystem are highly integrated with the control subsystem. The control subsystem monitors and precisely controls various parameters in real time, ensuring efficient switching between modes and parameter stability during the drilling process, thereby meeting the operational requirements of various complex working conditions such as impact drilling, rotary cutting drilling, and combined drilling.

[0013] The hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem is used to provide the system with stable and adjustable hydraulic energy and realize real-time monitoring and closed-loop control of oil temperature, oil pressure and oil level. Among them, the hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem includes a pump station frame, a motor pump group, a cooling device, an oil tank assembly, a filter and a pressure control element. The motor pump group is respectively connected to the oil tank assembly and the filter. The motor pump group, cooling device, oil tank assembly, filter and pressure control element are respectively installed in the pump station frame.

[0014] The hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem, through internal devices, converts electrical energy into stable hydraulic energy, providing a stable power source for the rock drilling subsystem. The control subsystem and data acquisition and monitoring subsystem, integrated into the hydraulic pump station, enable real-time monitoring and intelligent regulation of the system's operating status, automatically adjusting output pressure and flow to meet operational requirements under varying working conditions. Furthermore, the data acquisition module enables long-term recording and analysis of key parameters, providing reliable data support for equipment maintenance and fault diagnosis, significantly improving system operational efficiency and reliability.

[0015] The control subsystem is used to coordinate the operation of each subsystem in real time, control the switching of drilling modes, and adjust the drilling posture. The control subsystem includes a control cabinet, a PLC controller, a CAN bus, a wireless remote control, and a control cabinet. The control cabinet is connected to the auxiliary subsystem of the hydraulic pump station, and the PLC controller and CAN bus are integrated in the control cabinet.

[0016] The data acquisition and monitoring subsystem is used to monitor the rock drilling subsystem in real time to collect multi-dimensional parameters of the drilling process, and supports real-time display of data, alarm prompts, historical playback and local storage. The data acquisition and monitoring subsystem includes a data acquisition card, an industrial control computer, a UPS power supply and a distributed sensor group. The data acquisition card is electrically connected to the industrial control computer, and the distributed sensor group is communicatively connected to the data acquisition card. Among them, the multi-dimensional parameters of the drilling process include drilling stroke, drilling speed, impact pressure, impact flow, impact frequency, rotation pressure, rotation speed, propulsion pressure, propulsion force, impact acceleration and other parameters.

[0017] The rock drilling subsystem includes:

[0018] A rock drill, wherein the rock drill is used to perform multi-mode drilling operations, the rock drill being fixed in a propulsion trolley, and a drill clamp being installed on the rock drill, the drill clamp being mounted on a drill rod, and a drill bit being fixed on the drill rod;

[0019] A propulsion trolley is installed on the propulsion beam, and a propulsion motor is fixedly connected to one side of the propulsion trolley;

[0020] A propulsion motor is used to drive the propulsion trolley, and the propulsion motor is fixedly connected to the propulsion trolley through the propulsion beam, and the propulsion motor is arranged in the lifting device;

[0021] A lifting device, the lifting device is arranged below the propulsion beam and is used to adjust the operating height of the rock drill;

[0022] A transverse base is used to support the lifting device, and the transverse base is fixedly connected to the pump station frame;

[0023] The hydraulic control valve station is fixedly installed on one side of the auxiliary subsystem of the hydraulic pump station, and the hydraulic control valve station receives hydraulic energy and electrical energy from the auxiliary subsystem of the hydraulic pump station and transmits the energy to the rock drill and the propulsion motor respectively;

[0024] The traverse oil cylinder is installed in the traverse base and is used to convert hydraulic energy into kinetic energy for movement. The traverse oil cylinder is connected to the bottom of the lifting device.

[0025] The reducing connecting sleeve is provided between the rock drill and the drill rod, and the reducing connecting sleeve is fixedly connected to the rock drill and the drill rod respectively;

[0026] The trolley buffer is installed at the rear of the rock drill to prevent the propulsion trolley from moving backward too quickly and damaging the machine.

[0027] Furthermore, the main components of the rock drilling subsystem include a rock drill and corresponding supporting drilling tools, a propulsion assembly, a lifting device, a transverse base, etc. The rock drill can adjust three parameters of the rock drill during the drilling process, namely the impact pressure, the propulsion pressure and the rotation speed. The impact power can be adjusted by adjusting the impact pressure. The change in propulsion pressure affects the contact force between the drill bit and the rock surface being drilled. The impact module and the rotation module are controlled separately by the control subsystem, so that the drilling mode and drilling parameters can be changed. The propulsion assembly includes a propulsion motor, a propulsion trolley, a propulsion beam, a bracket aluminum slider, a trolley buffer, a trolley pipe support, and a propulsion trolley. The propulsion system is connected to the rock drill of the power system. The propulsion trolley is connected to the rock drill through three fixed positions of the support plate. When the rock drill needs to be pushed forward, the propulsion motor drives the propulsion beam to drive the rock drill forward; the lifting device and the transverse base enable the rock drill to move vertically and horizontally in parallel within a range of 1m, that is, it can achieve a 1m drilling surface for the sample. 2 The hydraulic system powers the lifting device, traverse device, drill clamp, compensating advance, impact, rotation, and thrust during drilling. The traverse device is installed at the bottom of the support system and connected to the ground with bolts to ensure overall stability.

[0028] The cooling device in the hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem is an air cooler. The hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem also includes an air compressor. The pressure control elements include a pump group pressure regulating valve, a motor water pump group, an oil mist lubricator, an oil mist lubrication interface, a water pump suction port, and a pressure oil port. Among them, the oil tank assembly becomes a reserve tank for hydraulic oil, which is used to replenish and replace hydraulic oil; the air compressor provides compressed air for the pneumatic components in the system; the filter is used to filter impurities generated during the use of hydraulic oil to prevent impure hydraulic oil from damaging the machine; the motor water pump group is used to circulate coolant or other working fluids; the oil mist lubricator and the oil mist lubrication interface are used to convert lubricating oil into tiny oil mist particles and transport them to the friction parts through airflow.

[0029] Furthermore, the hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem comprises a pump station frame as its main structure, housing various equipment and instruments. These include a motor, air cooler, oil tank assembly, air compressor, filter, pump unit pressure regulating valve, motor-water pump unit, oil mist lubricator, oil mist lubrication interface, water pump, and pressure oil port. To reduce floor space and enhance mechanical integration, these devices, along with the control subsystem cabinet and data acquisition and monitoring subsystem cabinet, are integrated into the hydraulic pump station.

[0030] The distributed sensor group is installed at the corresponding position of the rock drilling subsystem. The distributed sensor group is used to collect various parameters of the rock drilling subsystem in real time during the drilling process, and can realize real-time and stable monitoring of multi-dimensional parameters under strong vibration conditions. The distributed sensor group includes a pressure sensor, a proximity switch sensor, a rope displacement sensor, a gear flow sensor, a tension sensor, and an acceleration sensor;

[0031] Among them, the pressure sensor is used to measure the impact pressure, propulsion pressure, rotation pressure, and system pressure respectively; the proximity switch sensor is used to measure the impact frequency and rotation speed; the rope displacement sensor is used to measure the forward displacement and drilling speed; the gear flow sensor is used to measure the flushing water flow rate; the tension sensor is used to measure the propulsion pressure; and the acceleration sensor is used to measure the vibration acceleration, which is a single crystal silicon capacitive sensor.

[0032] Furthermore, pressure sensors are used to measure impact pressure, thrust pressure, rotation pressure, and system pressure respectively; the pressure sensors all use a sturdy stainless steel shell, can withstand strong impact and vibration, work stably, and can be used for long-term data collection during the drilling process.

[0033] Proximity switch sensors are used to measure impact frequency and rotational speed. The rotational speed sensor is a photoelectric proximity sensor, resistant to oil mist and strong vibration, and highly visible. It measures rotational speed and can sense objects within 8mm of the sensor. The proximity switch senses each rotation of the drill stem and the sleeve, driven by a 3mm raised iron block welded to the drill stem sleeve.

[0034] The draw-wire displacement sensor is used to measure forward displacement and drilling speed. The draw-wire displacement sensor has the advantages of high impact resistance, strong vibration, and electromagnetic compatibility. It can operate stably for a long time and output correct stroke parameters. The drilling speed parameter v is obtained according to the following formula:

[0035] Where: s t is the drilling progress at time t, Δt is the calculation time interval, which is set to 0.1s;

[0036]

[0037] Furthermore, the gear flow sensor is used to measure the flow rate of flushing water. It has a built-in double gear operation and calculates the volume of the medium passing through the high-precision gear volume. It can accurately and continuously measure the flow rate of impact water under strong vibration conditions.

[0038] The tension sensor is used to measure the propulsion pressure. It adopts an S-shaped shear structure, has high measurement accuracy, high sensitivity, strong vibration resistance, and is simple to use. It is installed between the rock drill base and the propulsion chain and is used to directly measure the tension transmitted to the rock drill by the chain during the rock drilling process, that is, the propulsion force during the drilling process.

[0039] Furthermore, the acceleration sensor is used to measure vibration acceleration and is a single-crystal silicon capacitive sensor, consisting of a micro-machined silicon chip, a low-power ASIC for signal adjustment, and a microprocessor for storing compensation values.

[0040] Furthermore, the data acquisition system is comprised of an industrial computer and its built-in data acquisition card, a UPS battery, and data acquisition software. The high-precision data acquisition card can achieve a high acquisition frequency of 2kHz, collecting data every 1 / 2000 second, which is sufficient for observing the changes in key parameters within a short period of time. The UPS battery provides power to prevent sudden power outages during the test, which could cause the equipment to shut down and result in the loss of collected data. The data acquisition software, written in a graphical programming language, enables real-time data display, data storage, and data playback. After recording, the data file is saved in a designated folder.

[0041] Furthermore, the control subsystem is mainly composed of a PLC controller, a wireless remote control, sensors and solenoid valves, hydraulic actuators, and an alarm device. The drilling posture refers to the release and order of the movements during the drilling process of the drilling rig; the drilling modes include impact propulsion drilling mode, rotary cutting propulsion mode, and composite drilling mode, and the composite drilling mode is an impact-rotary cutting-propulsion mode; the adjusted drilling parameters include impact pressure, rotation speed, and propulsion pressure; the PLC controller controls the normal operation of all circuits and oil circuits, and is equipped with a wireless remote control receiver to receive commands sent by the remote control to control various operations of the rock drill, thereby adjusting the drilling mode and drilling parameters. The solenoid valve is used to control the on / off and flow rate of the fluid medium to adjust the posture and operation of the rock drill; the wireless remote control allows the tester to operate from a safe distance.

[0042] The hydraulic control valve station includes:

[0043] MDV valve group, MDV valve group is set in the hydraulic control valve station, used for the opening, closing, balancing and discharge operations of the differential pressure transmitter and pressure transmitter input signals, and controls the pressure, flow and temperature parameters of the fluid;

[0044] The oil cylinder control valve group is fixedly installed in the hydraulic control valve station and is used to control the input and output of the hydraulic oil;

[0045] The pressure reducing valve group is installed on one side of the oil cylinder control valve group and is used to smoothly release the energy in the hydraulic oil when drilling is completed;

[0046] Junction box, used to organize the pipelines in and out of the hydraulic control valve station;

[0047] At least one set of quick-change connectors, detachably mounted on the side wall of the hydraulic control valve station;

[0048] Pipeline bracket, used to support the pipeline entering the hydraulic control valve station;

[0049] Among them, the system pressure sensor, impact pressure sensor, rotation pressure sensor, and thrust pressure sensor are centrally installed above the side wall of the hydraulic control valve station.

[0050] The sampling frequency of the data acquisition card is not less than 2kHz, and the distributed sensor group is used to monitor and collect multi-dimensional drilling parameters such as drilling process, speed, pressure, flow, frequency, and acceleration in real time.

[0051] In the drilling mode of the rock drilling subsystem, the drill bit used in the impact-push mode is a down-the-hole drill bit, with a size range of 35mm-110mm; the drill bit used in the rotary cutting-push mode is a PDC drill bit and a coring drill bit; the drill bit used in the impact-rotary cutting-push composite drilling mode is a ball tooth drill bit, including 7 teeth and 9 teeth, with a size range of 35mm-110mm.

[0052] Furthermore, the data acquisition and monitoring subsystem includes 10 high-precision sensors installed at the corresponding positions of the rock drilling subsystem, which are used to collect various parameters of the rock drilling subsystem while drilling in real time, and can realize real-time and stable monitoring of multi-dimensional parameters under strong vibration conditions. These sensors include 4 pressure sensors, 2 proximity switch sensors, 1 pull-rope displacement sensor, 1 gear flow sensor, 1 tension sensor, and 1 acceleration sensor; and are equipped with high-precision data visualization software, which can immediately view the collected while-drilling data on site. In addition, the subsystem supports high-speed data transmission to ensure that the while-drilling data can be transmitted to the industrial computer for storage within milliseconds.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present application have the following beneficial effects:

[0054] In an embodiment of the present invention, a multi-mode, multi-dimensional parameter real-time drilling-while-drilling monitoring system consists of a rock drilling subsystem, a hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem, a control subsystem, and a data acquisition and monitoring subsystem. The rock drilling subsystem can flexibly switch between three drilling modes: impact-thrust, rotary-thrust, and combined impact-rotary-thrust to adapt to different geological conditions. The hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem integrates a motor pump unit, cooler, filter, and other devices to automatically adjust output pressure and flow in real time to ensure a stable power source. The control subsystem, with a PLC as its core, uses a CAN bus and wireless remote control to achieve attitude adjustment, mode switching, and closed-loop control of key parameters. The data acquisition and monitoring subsystem (4) is equipped with a 2kHz high-frequency data acquisition card, an industrial computer, a UPS power supply, and 10 high-precision sensors. It can monitor, visualize, and store multi-dimensional parameters such as drilling stroke, pressure, flow, frequency, displacement, and acceleration in real time at the millisecond level during the drilling process. This system features high integration, rapid response, complete data, and strong adaptability, significantly improving the reliability, effectiveness, comprehensiveness, and timeliness of drilling-while-drilling data.

[0055] Embodiments of the present invention can capture large amounts of data on multidimensional parameters during the drilling process in real time through acquisition and monitoring while drilling, thereby obtaining dynamic trends in various parameters such as drilling distance, impact pressure, vibration acceleration, and rotational speed. High-frequency acquisition capabilities also enable precise monitoring of key information. The present invention also boasts a high level of real-time monitoring and pattern adaptability to meet the testing needs of complex geotechnical engineering problems, providing reliable data support and technical assurance for efficient and safe drilling under complex geological conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 The present invention provides a structural diagram of a multi-mode drilling process multi-dimensional parameter real-time while drilling monitoring system.

[0057] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the rock drilling subsystem and installation locations of some sensors provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting device provided by the present invention.

[0059] Figure 4 It is a front view of the rock drill provided by the present invention.

[0060] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the drill bit provided by the present invention.

[0061] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the trolley buffer provided by the present invention.

[0062] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the transverse displacement base provided by the present invention.

[0063] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the hydraulic control valve station provided by the present invention.

[0064] Figure 9 This is an internal front view of the auxiliary subsystem of the hydraulic pump station provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 10 It is an internal side view of the auxiliary subsystem of the hydraulic pump station provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 11 It is an architectural diagram of the control subsystem provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] In the figure: 1- rock drilling subsystem, 2- hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem, 3- control subsystem, 4- data acquisition and monitoring subsystem, 101- rock drill, 102- propulsion beam, 103- lifting device, 104- hydraulic control valve station, 105- propulsion trolley, 106- propulsion motor, 107- transverse movement base, 108- drill rod, 109- drill clamp, 110- compensation cylinder, 111- bracket aluminum slide, 112- scissor lift, 113- drill bit, 114- reducing sleeve, 115- trolley buffer, 116- trolley pipe support, 117- transverse movement cylinder, 118- MDV valve group, 119- cylinder control valve group, 120- pressure reducing valve group, 121- junction box, 122- quick-change connector, 123- pipeline bracket;

[0068] 201-Pump station frame, 202-Motor pump group, 203-Air cooler, 204-Oil tank assembly, 205-Air compressor, 206-Filter, 207-Pump group pressure regulating valve, 208-Motor water pump group, 209-Oil mist lubricator, 210-Oil mist lubrication interface, 211-Water pump suction port, 212-Pressure oil port;

[0069] 401-rotation speed sensor, 402-impact acceleration sensor, 403-pull rope displacement sensor, 404-tension sensor, 405-system pressure sensor, 406-impact pressure sensor, 407-rotation pressure sensor, 408-propulsion pressure sensor, 409-gear flow sensor, 410-impact frequency sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used in the specification of the application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application or the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order.

[0071] The existing monitoring systems supporting engineering drilling rigs are not good at capturing transient characteristics, lacking in data timeliness and diversity, and having limited application scenarios and low data reliability under strong vibration conditions. To address the above problems, we propose a multi-mode drilling process multi-dimensional parameter real-time drilling monitoring system. The system consists of a rock drilling subsystem 1, a hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem 2, a control subsystem 3, and a data acquisition and monitoring subsystem 4. The rock drilling subsystem 1 can flexibly switch between the three drilling modes of impact-propulsion, rotary cutting-propulsion, and composite impact-rotary cutting-propulsion to adapt to the operation requirements under different geological conditions; the hydraulic pump The station auxiliary subsystem 2 integrates a motor pump unit, cooler, filter, and other devices, automatically adjusting output pressure and flow in real time to ensure a stable power source. The control subsystem 3, with a PLC as its core, collaborates with the CAN bus and wireless remote control to implement attitude adjustment, mode switching, and closed-loop control of key parameters. The data acquisition and monitoring subsystem 4 is equipped with a 2kHz high-frequency data acquisition card, an industrial computer, a UPS power supply, and 10 high-precision sensors. It can monitor, visualize, and store data on multi-dimensional parameters such as drilling stroke, pressure, flow, frequency, displacement, and acceleration in real time at the millisecond level during the drilling process. This system boasts high integration, rapid response, complete data, and strong adaptability, significantly improving the reliability, effectiveness, comprehensiveness, and timeliness of drilling data. The embodiments of the present invention can capture large amounts of data on multi-dimensional parameters during the drilling process through drilling acquisition and monitoring, thereby obtaining dynamic trends in various parameters such as drilling stroke, impact pressure, vibration acceleration, and rotational speed. High-frequency acquisition capabilities also enable precise monitoring of key information. At the same time, the present invention also has a high level of real-time monitoring and pattern adaptation capabilities to meet the experimental needs of complex geotechnical engineering problems, and provides reliable data support and technical guarantees for efficient and safe drilling under complex geological conditions.

[0072] Example 1

[0073] In an embodiment of the present invention, a multi-mode drilling process multi-dimensional parameter real-time drilling monitoring system is provided. Figure 1 As shown, the multi-mode drilling process multi-dimensional parameter real-time drilling monitoring system specifically includes:

[0074] The rock drilling subsystem 1 is used to perform impact, rotation, and propulsion operations during the drilling process. The rock drilling subsystem 1 supports three drilling modes: impact-propulsion, rotary cutting-propulsion, and impact-rotary cutting-propulsion, and dynamically switches drilling modes based on geological conditions. The main function of the rock drilling subsystem 1 is to efficiently transmit and convert external hydraulic energy and electrical energy into the impact energy, propulsion energy, and rotational kinetic energy required for drilling, and to coordinate and orderly apply this kinetic energy to the drill bit 113, thereby achieving stable and efficient operation in multiple drilling modes. The rock drill 101 can adjust three parameters of the rock drill 101 during the drilling process: impact pressure, propulsion pressure, and rotation speed. By adjusting the impact pressure, the impact power can be adjusted, and changes in propulsion pressure affect the contact force between the drill bit 113 and the rock surface being drilled. The impact module and rotation module are controlled separately by the control subsystem 3, thereby enabling changes in drilling mode and drilling parameters. In addition, the impact module and rotary module in the rock drilling subsystem 1 are highly integrated with the control subsystem 3. The control subsystem 3 monitors and precisely controls various parameters in real time, ensuring efficient switching between modes and parameter stability during the drilling process, thereby meeting the operational requirements of various complex working conditions such as impact drilling, rotary cutting drilling, and combined drilling.

[0075] It should be noted that in the drilling mode of the rock drilling subsystem 1, the drill bit 113 used in the impact-propulsion mode is a down-the-hole drill bit with a size range of 35mm-110mm, the drill bit 113 used in the rotary cutting-propulsion mode is a PDC drill bit and a coring drill bit, and the drill bit 113 used in the impact-rotary cutting-propulsion composite drilling mode is a ball tooth drill bit, including 7 teeth and 9 teeth, and the size range of the drill bit 113 is 35mm-110mm.

[0076] The hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem 2 is used to provide the system with stable and adjustable hydraulic energy and realize real-time monitoring and closed-loop control of oil temperature, oil pressure and oil level. The hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem 2 includes a pump station frame 201, a motor pump group 202, a cooling device, an oil tank assembly 204, a filter 206 and a pressure control element. The motor pump group 202 is respectively connected to the oil tank assembly 204 and the filter 206. The motor pump group 202, the cooling device, the oil tank assembly 204, the filter 206 and the pressure control element are respectively installed in the pump station frame 201.

[0077] Control subsystem 3 is used to coordinate the operation of each subsystem in real time, control drilling mode switching, and rock drilling posture adjustment. Control subsystem 3 includes a control cabinet, a PLC controller, a CAN bus, a wireless remote control, and a control cabinet. The control cabinet is connected to the hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem 2, and the PLC controller and CAN bus are integrated into the control cabinet;

[0078] The data acquisition and monitoring subsystem 4 is used to monitor the rock drilling subsystem 1 in real time to collect multi-dimensional parameters of the drilling process, and supports real-time display, alarm prompts, historical playback and local storage of data. The data acquisition and monitoring subsystem 4 includes a data acquisition card, an industrial control computer, a UPS power supply and a distributed sensor group. The data acquisition card is electrically connected to the industrial control computer, and the distributed sensor group is communicatively connected to the data acquisition card. Among them, the multi-dimensional parameters of the drilling process include drilling stroke, drilling speed, impact pressure, impact flow, impact frequency, rotation pressure, rotation speed, propulsion pressure, propulsion force, impact acceleration and other parameters.

[0079] The multi-mode, multi-dimensional parameter real-time while-drilling monitoring system for the drilling process, provided by an embodiment of the present invention, includes a rock drilling subsystem 1, a hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem 2, a control subsystem 3, and a data acquisition and monitoring subsystem 4. The control subsystem 3 is connected to the rock drilling subsystem 1, the hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem 2, and the data acquisition and monitoring subsystem 4 through a control system. The rock drilling subsystem 1 and the hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem 2 are connected via hydraulic transmission pipelines and electrical wires. The control subsystem 3 and the data acquisition system 4 are integrated into the control subsystem box and the data acquisition and monitoring subsystem box, respectively, and are mounted on the hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem 2.

[0080] It should be noted that the rock drilling subsystem 1 includes:

[0081] A rock drill 101 is used to perform multi-mode drilling operations. The rock drill 101 is fixed in a propulsion trolley 105 and is equipped with a drill clamp 109. The drill clamp 109 holds a drill rod 108, and a drill bit 113 is fixed to the drill rod 108.

[0082] A propulsion trolley 105 is mounted on the propulsion beam 102 , and a propulsion motor 106 is fixedly connected to one side of the propulsion trolley 105 ;

[0083] A propulsion motor 106 is used to drive the propulsion trolley 105 , and the propulsion motor 106 is fixedly connected to the propulsion trolley 105 through the propulsion beam 102 , and the propulsion motor 106 is disposed in the lifting device 103 ;

[0084] A lifting device 103 is provided below the propulsion beam 102 and is used to adjust the operating height of the rock drill 101;

[0085] The transverse base 107 is used to support the lifting device 103, and the transverse base 107 is fixedly connected to the pump station frame 201;

[0086] The hydraulic control valve station 104 is fixedly installed on one side of the hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem 2, and the hydraulic control valve station 104 receives hydraulic energy and electrical energy from the hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem 2 and transmits the energy to the rock drill 101 and the propulsion motor 106 respectively;

[0087] The traverse oil cylinder 117 is installed in the traverse base 107 and is used to convert hydraulic energy into kinetic energy for movement. The traverse oil cylinder 117 is connected to the bottom of the lifting device 103;

[0088] The reducing sleeve 114 is disposed between the rock drill 101 and the drill rod 108, and the reducing sleeve 114 is fixedly connected to the rock drill 101 and the drill rod 108 respectively;

[0089] The trolley buffer 115 is installed at the rear of the rock drill 101 to prevent the propulsion trolley 105 from moving backward too quickly and damaging the machine.

[0090] like Figure 2 As shown, the rock drill 101 is fixed on the propulsion trolley 105 at three fixed positions, and the drill rod 108 is installed on the rock drill 101 and clamped by the drill clamp 109. The drill clamp 109 can be tightened or loosened to achieve emergency stop of the drilling process, preset drilling parameters, and reduce the deflection of the drill rod 108. The propulsion motor 106 is fixed at the rear of the propulsion trolley 105 to provide power for the propulsion trolley 105. The propulsion trolley 105 is installed above the propulsion beam 102 to make the drilling process smooth and straight. The hydraulic control valve station 104 receives hydraulic energy and electrical energy from the hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem 2, adjusts and monitors them, and transmits energy to the rock drill 101 and the propulsion motor 106 respectively; the lifting device 103 is located below the propulsion beam 102, which can enable the rock drill 101 to move 1m in the vertical direction. distance; the transverse base 107 is located below the lifting base, which can enable the rock drill 101 to obtain a displacement distance of 1m in the front and rear and left and right directions; the speed sensor 401 is installed next to the drill rod 108, and a reflective strip is installed on the drill rod 108. The speed sensor 401 measures the speed by emitting infrared light and receiving reflected light; the impact acceleration sensor 402 is installed between the drill rod 108 and the rock drill 101, and each impact can be accurately and quickly identified; the rope displacement sensor 403 is installed in front of the propulsion trolley 105 and above the propulsion beam 102, and the other end is installed at the end of the propulsion beam 102. At the same time, a tension sensor 404 is also installed on the front side of the propulsion trolley 105. The tension sensor 404 is fixedly connected to the end of the rope. When the propulsion trolley 105 moves forward, the rope becomes longer, and the drilling displacement is identified.

[0091] like Figure 3-Figure 4 As shown, the lower part of the push trolley 105 is connected to the push beam 102 through the bracket aluminum slider 111 to reduce the resistance of movement; the compensation cylinder 110 provides the required energy for the drill clamp 109;

[0092] like Figure 5 As shown, the drill bit 113 is connected to the drill rod 108 through threads, and the drill rod 108 is connected to the rock drill 101 through a reducing sleeve 114.

[0093] like Figure 6 As shown, the trolley buffer 115 is installed at the rear of the rock drill 101 to prevent the trolley from moving backward too quickly and damaging the machine, and the trolley pipe support 116 is fixed at the rear of the propulsion trolley 105 to fix the hydraulic transmission pipeline.

[0094] like Figure 7 As shown, a transverse oil cylinder 117 is installed on the transverse base 107 for converting hydraulic energy into kinetic energy of movement.

[0095] like Figure 8 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the interior of the hydraulic control valve station 104. The hydraulic control valve station 104 includes:

[0096] MDV valve group 118, MDV valve group 118 is arranged in the hydraulic control valve station 104, and is used for opening, closing, balancing and draining operations of the differential pressure transmitter and pressure transmitter input signals, and controls the pressure, flow and temperature parameters of the fluid;

[0097] The oil cylinder control valve group 119 is fixedly installed in the hydraulic control valve station 104 and is used to control the input and output of the hydraulic oil;

[0098] The pressure reducing valve group 120 is provided on one side of the oil cylinder control valve group 119 and is used to smoothly release the energy in the hydraulic oil when drilling is completed;

[0099] The junction box 121 is used to organize the pipelines entering and exiting the hydraulic control valve station 104;

[0100] At least one set of quick-change connectors 122 detachably mounted on the side wall of the hydraulic control valve station 104 ;

[0101] The pipeline bracket 123 is used to support the pipeline entering the hydraulic control valve station 104;

[0102] Among them, the system pressure sensor 405 , the impact pressure sensor 406 , the rotation pressure sensor 407 , and the propulsion pressure sensor 408 are centrally installed above the side wall of the hydraulic control valve station 104 .

[0103] It should be noted that the MDV valve group 118 is a device used for opening, closing, balancing and discharging the input signals of the differential pressure transmitter and the pressure transmitter, and for controlling parameters such as the pressure, flow and temperature of the fluid; the cylinder control valve group 119 is also used to control the input and output of the hydraulic oil; the pressure reducing valve group 120 is used to smoothly release the energy in the hydraulic oil when drilling is completed; the junction box 121 is used to organize the pipelines in and out of the hydraulic control valve station 104; the quick-change connector 122 is a connector that can be quickly replaced, which can increase the expandability and maintainability of the machine; the pipeline bracket 123 is used to support the pipeline entering the hydraulic control valve station 104 to ensure that the incoming pipeline is straight and will not be affected by pipeline bending. The system pressure sensor 405, impact pressure sensor 406, rotation pressure sensor 407, and propulsion pressure sensor 408 are centrally installed above the side wall and connected to respective hydraulic pipelines for transmitting hydraulic energy to monitor the values therein. The gear flow sensor 409 is installed on the impact water flow generating device to monitor the size of the water impact flow. The impact frequency sensor 410 is installed on the side wall of the hydraulic control valve station 104 and does not directly contact the impact source. It can perform long-term and stable monitoring under the premise of effectively monitoring the impact frequency.

[0104] like Figure 9-10 The figure shows the main view and side view of the hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem 2, respectively. The cooling device in the hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem 2 is an air cooler 203. The hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem 2 also includes an air compressor 205. The pressure control components include a pump group pressure regulating valve 207, a motor water pump group 208, an oil mist lubricator 209, an oil mist lubrication interface 210, a water pump suction port 211, and a pressure oil port 212. Among them, the oil tank assembly 204 is a reserve tank for hydraulic oil, which is used to replenish and replace hydraulic oil; the air compressor 205 provides compressed air for the pneumatic components in the system; the filter 206 is used to filter impurities generated during the use of hydraulic oil to prevent impure hydraulic oil from damaging the machine; the motor water pump group 208 is used to circulate coolant or other working fluids; the oil mist lubricator 209 and the oil mist lubrication interface 210 are used to convert lubricating oil into tiny oil mist particles and transport them to the friction parts through airflow. The hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem 2 is mainly composed of a pump station frame 201 as the main structure, which is used to accommodate and load various equipment and instruments. The hydraulic pump consists of a motor pump assembly 202, an air cooler 203, an oil tank assembly 204, an air compressor 205, a filter 206, a pump assembly pressure regulating valve 207, a motor water pump assembly 208, an oil mist lubricator 209, an oil mist lubrication interface 210, a water pump suction port 211, and a pressure oil port 212. The oil tank assembly 204 is equipped with an air filter, a return oil filter, a liquid level indicator, and a temperature sensor. When the liquid level and oil temperature are abnormal, an alarm will be issued.

[0105] The motor pump assembly 202 draws hydraulic oil from the oil tank assembly 204 and pushes it to the motor water pump assembly 208 and other locations. The hydraulic flow and pressure are regulated by the pump assembly pressure regulating valve 207. The air cooler 203 cools the hydraulic oil to cope with the high temperatures that may occur during system operation. Excessive oil temperature reduces oil viscosity, lowering the efficiency of hydraulic components and damaging seals and other internal parts that are sensitive to high temperatures. The oil tank assembly 204 serves as a reservoir for hydraulic oil, used for replenishing and replacing hydraulic oil. The air compressor 205 provides compressed air for the pneumatic components in the system. The filter 206 filters impurities generated during hydraulic oil use, primarily air, to prevent damage to the equipment caused by impure hydraulic oil. The motor water pump assembly 208 circulates coolant or other working fluids, further ensuring the stability of equipment operation. The oil mist lubricator 209 and oil mist lubrication interface 210 convert lubricating oil into fine oil mist particles and transport them to friction components via airflow, reducing friction and increasing lubrication. The water control assembly includes a water pump inlet 211 and inlet and outlet pipes. The flushing water pressure is fixed at 8 bar. The oil tank temperature and the impact oil return temperature are each monitored in real time by a temperature sensor with a measurement range of 0-100°C. If the oil temperature exceeds the warning value, an alarm will be issued.

[0106] like Figure 11 Control subsystem 3, shown in Figure 3, consists of a control cabinet, a PLC controller, a CAN bus, a wireless remote control, a DC power supply, and various receiving and processing components. The PLC controller is the core component of control subsystem 3 and is responsible for controlling the entire test system. The CAN bus, distributed throughout rock drilling subsystem 1 and elsewhere, transmits control commands. The wireless remote control is responsible for remote control, mode switching, and other functions.

[0107] In addition to the 10 high-precision vibration sensors for monitoring different parameters mentioned above, data acquisition and monitoring subsystem 4 also includes a high-frequency data acquisition card of up to 2 kHz, which records and collects data every 0.5 seconds, ensuring real-time monitoring and collection of key drilling data; an industrial computer responsible for real-time recording of collected drilling data; and a UPS uninterruptible power supply to ensure real-time power supply in emergency situations and ensure the security of data recording.

[0108] Example 2

[0109] Furthermore, the rock drilling subsystem 1 of the multi-mode drilling process multi-dimensional parameter real-time while drilling monitoring system provides hydraulic energy from components in the hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem 2, providing an energy source for the operation of the entire device.

[0110] The key component of the rock drilling subsystem 1 is the rock drill 101, which converts the hydraulic energy transmitted from the hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem 2 into kinetic energy for the impact and rotation of the rock drill 101. The rock drill 101 can adjust three parameters during the drilling process, including impact pressure (bar), thrust pressure (bar) and rotation speed (rpm).

[0111] The impact propulsion mode, rotary cutting propulsion mode, and composite drilling mode are respectively suitable for different geological conditions and drilling requirements. The impact propulsion mode is a combination of impact and propulsion. The system uses high-frequency impact force to make the down-the-hole drill bit quickly penetrate the rock, uses the impact energy to break the rock mass, and uses thrust to make the drill bit close to the drilling surface. The down-the-hole drill bit has a high-strength and impact-resistant structure to adapt to continuous high-frequency impact work. The rotary cutting propulsion mode is a combination of rotary cutting and propulsion. The rotary motion causes the PDC drill bit or coring drill bit to generate shear force when it contacts the rock. At the same time, the axial propulsion force causes the drill bit to gradually penetrate the rock mass. The design features of the PDC drill bit enable it to efficiently cut rock mass on hard cutting surfaces. It is suitable for soft or medium-hard geological conditions. The coring drill bit and the matching drill rod 108 can be used to obtain geological cores for subsequent analysis. The composite drilling mode combines the advantages of both impact and rotary cutting, and is assisted by propulsion. The composite drilling mode is not a simple superposition of three motions, but the impact-rotation-propulsion all need to be precisely regulated by the control subsystem 3 according to actual conditions, and released sequentially or simultaneously. The design of the ball-tooth drill bit used in the composite drilling mode realizes the synergistic effect of impact and rotation. The drill bit 113 not only relies on impact force to break the rock, but also further enhances the drilling efficiency through the rotational shear force.

[0112] In order to make various drilling modes play their full role, the system is also equipped with corresponding drilling kits: the rotary cutting propulsion mode uses a PDC rotary cutting drill bit and a rotary cutting drill rod, or a coring drill bit and a coring drill rod; the impact propulsion mode uses a down-the-hole drill bit and a down-the-hole drill rod; the composite drilling mode uses a 7-tooth or 9-tooth ball tooth drill bit and a matching ball tooth drill rod; each drill rod 108 can be quickly connected to the corresponding drill bit 113 and give full play to the capacity of the drill bit 113. Various drill rods 108 can be quickly and conveniently connected to the rock drill 101 through the reducer sleeve 114

[0113] The propulsion function of the rock drill 101 is jointly performed by the propulsion trolley 105, propulsion motor 106, propulsion beam 102, bracket aluminum slider 111, and scissor head frame 112, providing stable and efficient propulsion power for drilling. The propulsion trolley 105 is mounted above the propulsion beam 102 via the bracket aluminum slider 111. The bracket aluminum slider 111 is fixedly mounted on the scissor head frame 112, which is set within the lifting device 103. The propulsion motor 106 is installed behind the propulsion trolley 105. The propulsion trolley 105 carries the rock drill 101 on top, and the propulsion motor 106 is responsible for transmitting the propulsion force to the drill bit 113. The sliding track design of the trolley ensures smooth and precise movement. The power is transmitted to the propulsion beam 102 through the propulsion motor 106, and the propulsion beam 102 effectively transmits the force to the propulsion trolley 105 at the same time. The propulsion trolley 105 is responsible for directly pushing the sample forward. Its motion accuracy is fine-tuned by the compensation cylinder 110 to ensure stability and accuracy during long-term high-load operation.

[0114] The lifting device 103, the transverse base 107 and the transverse cylinder 117 are also used for the stability of the equipment and the adjustment of the working surface to ensure that the device can adapt to different working environments during the drilling process. The drill clamp 109 is used to fix the drill rod or drill bit 113 to prevent displacement or loosening during the drilling process. The drill clamp 109 is designed with an adjustable shrinkage size and can adapt to drilling tools of different sizes. The compensating forward device is used to adjust the mechanical deviation or imbalance that occurs during the propulsion process to maintain the stable propulsion of the drill bit 113, thereby improving the drilling accuracy. The lifting device 103 realizes the vertical position adjustment of the drill bit 113 or the rock drill, which is suitable for scenarios requiring drilling at different depths. The transverse base 107 and the transverse cylinder 117 are used to adjust the horizontal position of the equipment, so that the system can flexibly respond to changes in different geological conditions and drilling requirements.

[0115] It is understandable that the multi-mode combination of the three drilling modes solves the problem that traditional drilling rigs cannot cope with multiple drilling control conditions or complex geological conditions at the same time, improves drilling efficiency, and reduces the difficulty of obtaining data.

[0116] Example 3

[0117] The hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem 2 utilizes advanced energy conversion technology to ensure stable hydraulic energy output. This feature not only provides reliable power for the rock drilling subsystem 1 but also reduces equipment wear and operational delays caused by unstable hydraulic pressure. Stable power support is particularly important during long, high-intensity operations, directly improving production efficiency and reducing operating costs.

[0118] The hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem 2 automatically adjusts the output hydraulic energy according to the specific operating environment, ensuring that drilling parameters remain unchanged, and has strong adaptability to various working conditions. The hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem can ensure stable hydraulic energy output in different drilling conditions, such as hard or soft rock.

[0119] It is understandable that under complex and changeable geological conditions, the hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem 2 can respond quickly and optimize the output, so that the rock drilling subsystem 1 can better achieve stable drilling, maintain the best working state, and ensure the stability of the set drilling parameters and the effectiveness of the collected drilling parameters.

[0120] Example 4

[0121] Based on any of the above-mentioned embodiments, the control subsystem 3 is primarily composed of a PLC controller, a wireless remote control, a DC power supply, and actuators for various sensors. It features a compact overall layout and modular structure, offering significant advantages such as rapid response, stable and reliable operation, and remote control. After system startup, the PLC controller monitors and adjusts the operating status of all circuits and oil circuits in real time through a preset program, maintaining high-speed data exchange with sensors such as the rotary pressure sensor 407 and components such as solenoid valves. The operator can precisely control the rock drill 101's posture adjustment, drilling speed, impact frequency, and other operational modes from a safe distance simply by using the function keys on the wireless remote control. The remote control signal is decoded by the receiver and transmitted in real time to the PLC, which then drives actuators such as electronic valves and proportional valves to adjust each drilling action and posture, ensuring precise impact, rotary cutting, and thrust.

[0122] Control subsystem 3 boasts high reliability and redundant protection. The PLC controller features self-testing, fault diagnosis, and automatic switching. If an unexpected circuit or oil circuit anomaly is detected during drilling, protective measures are quickly implemented and alarms are sent via the CAN bus and control cables, minimizing the risk of equipment failure. Furthermore, real-time data logging is monitored. Through two-way communication between the wireless remote control receiver and the PLC, operational status and working parameters can be adjusted at every moment to ensure the stability of set parameters during drilling. In the event of an emergency during drilling, all power output is immediately cut off. The control cabinet utilizes a flexible modular design, allowing its various functional modules—the PLC, power module, wireless communication module, and drive module—to be quickly disassembled, moved, and expanded according to project requirements, facilitating maintenance and upgrades. Control subsystem 3 also has built-in efficient algorithms for refined control and energy saving and consumption reduction, which not only ensures efficient drilling progress during the rock drilling process, but also reduces energy loss and wear of the hydraulic system, greatly extending the service life of the equipment; control subsystem 3 also has strict safety protection functions, with a wireless remote control distance of up to 10-15 meters, keeping operators away from dangerous areas; multiple safety limit and emergency stop logic are embedded in the PLC program. Once anomalies such as overload, overpressure, and signal interruption occur, the system can immediately enter safe shutdown mode to protect the safety of personnel and equipment.

[0123] It can be understood that the control subsystem 3 not only improves the operating efficiency and reliability of the rock drill 101, but also greatly simplifies the on-site operation process, providing a solid guarantee for efficient and safe construction under complex working conditions.

[0124] Example 5

[0125] Based on any of the above embodiments, the data acquisition and monitoring subsystem 4 of the present invention has the characteristics of multi-dimensional parameter acquisition and real-time acquisition of drilling data, and mainly includes a high-precision and high-frequency data acquisition card, an industrial control computer (industrial computer), professional data display software, and a UPS uninterruptible power supply system. The distributed sensor group is installed at the corresponding position of the rock drilling subsystem 1. The distributed sensor group is used to collect various parameters of the rock drilling subsystem 1 during the drilling process in real time, and can realize real-time and stable monitoring of multi-dimensional parameters under strong vibration conditions. The distributed sensor group includes a pressure sensor, a proximity switch sensor, a rope displacement sensor 403, a gear flow sensor 409, a tension sensor 404, an acceleration sensor, and a covering Multi-type high-performance anti-vibration sensors for 10 key downhole parameters; 10 key downhole parameters are distributed and installed at the best parts of the drilling rig, covering important parameters such as pressure, flow, displacement, acceleration, and rotational speed. They not only have fast response speed and high measurement accuracy, but are also resistant to high impact, oil pollution, and extreme environments, and can continuously output stable and reliable high-quality data streams under harsh working conditions; the high-precision, high-frequency data acquisition card adopts an industrial-grade design and supports a sampling frequency of up to 2kHz, that is, data is collected every 0.5 milliseconds. It can accurately capture the instantaneous changes of key parameters during the operation of the rock drilling rig in real time, ensuring that no detailed features of the downhole data are missed, and providing a solid data foundation for subsequent scientific research, working condition optimization and fault diagnosis.

[0126] It should be noted that the data acquisition and monitoring subsystem 4 includes 10 high-precision sensors installed at the corresponding positions of the rock drilling subsystem 1, which are used to collect various parameters of the rock drilling subsystem 1 during the drilling process in real time, and can realize real-time and stable monitoring of multi-dimensional parameters under strong vibration conditions, including 4 pressure sensors, 2 proximity switch sensors, 1 pull rope displacement sensor 403, 1 gear flow sensor 409, 1 tension sensor 404, and 1 acceleration sensor; and is equipped with high-precision data visualization software, which can immediately view the collected drilling data on site. In addition, the subsystem supports high-speed data transmission to ensure that the drilling data can be transmitted to the industrial computer for storage within milliseconds. The sampling frequency of the data acquisition card is not less than 2kHz. The distributed sensor group is used to monitor and collect multi-dimensional drilling parameters such as drilling process, speed, pressure, flow, frequency, and acceleration in real time.

[0127] It is understandable that, compared with the traditional low-frequency sampling system, the data acquisition and monitoring subsystem 4 can still ensure the continuity and integrity of the data during the stage of drastic changes in drilling or strong impact vibration.

[0128] The data acquisition software utilizes a graphical interface and features multiple functions, including real-time data acquisition, data display, data storage, and historical data playback, ensuring intuitive and convenient operation. Collected drilling parameters are dynamically displayed in real time on the software interface, allowing test personnel to instantly monitor test progress and equipment operating status. All collected data is automatically stored in a standardized format on the industrial computer's high-speed hard drive, enabling data management by time period and category, significantly improving the efficiency of data collation and subsequent analysis. The industrial computer, serving as the system's core, features a vibration-resistant, dust-proof, and interference-resistant design, ensuring long-term stable operation in complex field environments. Its powerful computing and storage capabilities ensure efficient execution of large-scale, continuous data acquisition and processing. To prevent data loss due to sudden power outages, the system is equipped with an uninterruptible power supply (UPS). In the event of an external power failure, the UPS instantly switches to battery power, continuously supplying the industrial computer and data acquisition card, ensuring the complete preservation of test data and an orderly system shutdown, significantly enhancing the data security of the entire monitoring subsystem.

[0129] It can be understood that compared with traditional data collection methods, the data acquisition and monitoring subsystem 4 has the characteristics of real-time and full-factor collection, and can effectively collect instantaneous key data during the drilling process under strong vibration environment to ensure the validity and security of the data.

[0130] Example 6

[0131] The multi-mode, multi-dimensional, real-time drilling-while-drilling monitoring system constructed in this invention comprises a highly integrated rock drilling subsystem 1 and an intelligent hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem 2. It can switch between three modes, percussive driving, rotary cutting driving, and combined drilling, according to the hardness and structural characteristics of different rock formations, ensuring optimal rock-breaking efficiency under various formation conditions. Furthermore, the system's 2kHz high-frequency, high-precision, strong-vibration-resistant data acquisition and monitoring subsystem 4 captures multi-dimensional dynamic parameters while drilling, including drilling stroke, impact pressure, vibration acceleration, rotational speed, and thrust pressure, enabling comprehensive monitoring of transient impact peaks, displacement fluctuations, and energy changes. The hydraulic pump station automatically adjusts the oil pump output flow and pressure, and incorporates temperature, oil level, and filtration alarms to maintain optimal system operation and rapidly respond to changes in drilling load.

[0132] It is understandable that in order to address a series of shortcomings in traditional drilling, such as mode switching lag, data collection lag, insufficient data types, inability to collect key data, and low data validity under strong vibration conditions, this system, through the mutual cooperation of various systems, can monitor and obtain multi-dimensional parameters in the drilling process in real time under strong vibration conditions, and can record key information data that occurs in milliseconds, ensuring the reliability, validity, comprehensiveness and timeliness of the data, thereby providing key data basis for improving drilling efficiency and construction safety under complex geological conditions.

[0133] In summary, the present invention provides a multi-mode drilling process multi-dimensional parameter real-time drilling monitoring system, which consists of a rock drilling subsystem 1, a hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem 2, a control subsystem 3 and a data acquisition and monitoring subsystem 4. The rock drilling subsystem 1 can flexibly switch between three drilling modes: impact-propulsion, rotary cutting-propulsion and combined impact-rotary cutting-propulsion to adapt to the operation requirements under different geological conditions; the hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem 2 integrates motor pump groups, coolers, filters and other devices to automatically adjust the output pressure and flow in real time to ensure a stable power source; the control subsystem 3 is based on PLC, and cooperates with CAN bus and wireless remote control to achieve posture adjustment, mode switching and closed-loop control of key parameters; the data acquisition and monitoring subsystem 4 is equipped with a 2kHz high-frequency data acquisition card, an industrial computer, a UPS power supply and 10 high-precision sensors, which can perform millisecond-level real-time monitoring, data visualization and storage of multi-dimensional parameters such as drilling process, pressure, flow, frequency, displacement, acceleration and so on during the drilling process. The system boasts high integration, rapid response, complete data, and strong adaptability, significantly improving the reliability, effectiveness, comprehensiveness, and timeliness of drilling data. Embodiments of the present invention can capture large amounts of data on multidimensional parameters during the drilling process in real time through drilling-while-drilling acquisition and monitoring, thereby obtaining dynamic trends in various parameters such as drilling distance, impact pressure, vibration acceleration, and rotational speed. High-frequency acquisition capabilities also enable precise monitoring of key information. The present invention also possesses a high level of real-time monitoring and pattern adaptability to meet the testing needs of complex geotechnical engineering problems, providing reliable data support and technical assurance for efficient and safe drilling under complex geological conditions.

[0134] It should be noted that for the aforementioned embodiments, for simplicity of description, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations. However, those skilled in the art should be aware that the present invention is not limited by the order of the actions described, because according to the present invention, certain steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in this specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by the present invention.

[0135] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on these embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field can still combine, add, delete or make other adjustments to the features in the various embodiments of the present invention according to the circumstances without conflict, without making creative work, so as to obtain different other technical solutions that do not deviate from the concept of the present invention in essence, and these technical solutions also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-mode drilling process multi-dimensional parameter real-time drilling monitoring system, characterized in that: The system comprises: The rock drilling subsystem is used to perform impact, rotation, and thrust operations during the drilling process. The rock drilling subsystem supports three drilling modes: impact-thrust, rotary cutting-thrust, and impact-rotary cutting-thrust, and dynamically switches the drilling mode based on geological conditions; The hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem is used to provide stable and adjustable hydraulic energy for the system and realize real-time monitoring and closed-loop control of oil temperature, oil pressure and oil level. The hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem includes a pump station frame, motor pump unit, cooling device, oil tank assembly, filter and pressure control element. The motor pump unit is connected to the oil tank assembly and filter respectively. The motor pump unit, cooling device, oil tank assembly, filter and pressure control element are installed in the pump station frame. The control subsystem is used to coordinate the operation of each subsystem in real time, control the switching of drilling modes, and adjust the drilling posture. The control subsystem includes a control cabinet, a PLC controller, a CAN bus, a wireless remote control, and a control cabinet. The control cabinet is connected to the auxiliary subsystem of the hydraulic pump station, and the PLC controller and CAN bus are integrated in the control cabinet. The data acquisition and monitoring subsystem is used to monitor the rock drilling subsystem in real time to collect multi-dimensional parameters of the drilling process, and supports real-time display of data, alarm prompts, historical playback and local storage. The data acquisition and monitoring subsystem includes a data acquisition card, an industrial control computer, a UPS power supply and a distributed sensor group. The data acquisition card is electrically connected to the industrial control computer, and the distributed sensor group is communicatively connected to the data acquisition card.

2. The multi-mode drilling process multi-dimensional parameter real-time while drilling monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rock drilling subsystem includes: A rock drill, wherein the rock drill is used to perform multi-mode drilling operations, the rock drill being fixed in a propulsion trolley, and a drill clamp being installed on the rock drill, the drill clamp being mounted on a drill rod, and a drill bit being fixed on the drill rod; A propulsion trolley is installed on the propulsion beam, and a propulsion motor is fixedly connected to one side of the propulsion trolley; A propulsion motor is used to drive the propulsion trolley, and the propulsion motor is fixedly connected to the propulsion trolley through the propulsion beam, and the propulsion motor is arranged in the lifting device; A lifting device, the lifting device is arranged below the propulsion beam and is used to adjust the operating height of the rock drill; The transverse moving base is used to support the lifting device, and the transverse moving base is fixedly connected to the pump station frame.

3. The multi-mode drilling process multi-dimensional parameter real-time while drilling monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cooling device in the hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem is an air cooler. The hydraulic pump station auxiliary subsystem also includes an air compressor. The pressure control elements include a pump group pressure regulating valve, a motor water pump group, an oil mist lubricator, an oil mist lubrication interface, a water pump suction port, and a pressure oil port. Among them, the oil tank assembly becomes a reserve tank for hydraulic oil, which is used to replenish and replace hydraulic oil; the air compressor provides compressed air for the pneumatic components in the system; the filter is used to filter impurities generated during the use of hydraulic oil to prevent impure hydraulic oil from damaging the machine; the motor water pump group is used to circulate coolant or other working fluids; the oil mist lubricator and the oil mist lubrication interface are used to convert lubricating oil into tiny oil mist particles and transport them to the friction parts through airflow.

4. The multi-mode drilling process multi-dimensional parameter real-time while-drilling monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distributed sensor group is installed at the corresponding position of the rock drilling subsystem. The distributed sensor group is used to collect various parameters of the rock drilling subsystem in real time during the drilling process, and can realize real-time and stable monitoring of multi-dimensional parameters under strong vibration conditions. The distributed sensor group includes a pressure sensor, a proximity switch sensor, a rope displacement sensor, a gear flow sensor, a tension sensor, and an acceleration sensor; Among them, the pressure sensor is used to measure the impact pressure, propulsion pressure, rotation pressure, and system pressure respectively; the proximity switch sensor is used to measure the impact frequency and rotation speed; the rope displacement sensor is used to measure the forward displacement and drilling speed; the gear flow sensor is used to measure the flushing water flow rate; the tension sensor is used to measure the propulsion pressure; and the acceleration sensor is used to measure the vibration acceleration, which is a single crystal silicon capacitive sensor.

5. The multi-mode drilling process multi-dimensional parameter real-time while drilling monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rock drilling subsystem further includes: The hydraulic control valve station is fixedly installed on one side of the auxiliary subsystem of the hydraulic pump station, and the hydraulic control valve station receives hydraulic energy and electrical energy from the auxiliary subsystem of the hydraulic pump station and transmits the energy to the rock drill and the propulsion motor respectively; The traverse oil cylinder is installed in the traverse base and is used to convert hydraulic energy into kinetic energy for movement. The traverse oil cylinder is connected to the bottom of the lifting device. The reducing connecting sleeve is provided between the rock drill and the drill rod, and the reducing connecting sleeve is fixedly connected to the rock drill and the drill rod respectively; The trolley buffer is installed at the rear of the rock drill to prevent the propulsion trolley from moving backward too quickly and damaging the machine.

6. The multi-mode drilling process multi-dimensional parameter real-time while drilling monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hydraulic control valve station includes: MDV valve group, MDV valve group is set in the hydraulic control valve station, used for the opening, closing, balancing and discharge operations of the differential pressure transmitter and pressure transmitter input signals, and controls the pressure, flow and temperature parameters of the fluid; The oil cylinder control valve group is fixedly installed in the hydraulic control valve station and is used to control the input and output of the hydraulic oil; The pressure reducing valve group is installed on one side of the oil cylinder control valve group and is used to smoothly release the energy in the hydraulic oil when drilling is completed; Junction box, used to organize the pipelines in and out of the hydraulic control valve station; At least one set of quick-change connectors, detachably mounted on the side wall of the hydraulic control valve station; Pipeline bracket, used to support the pipeline entering the hydraulic control valve station; Among them, the system pressure sensor, impact pressure sensor, rotation pressure sensor, and thrust pressure sensor are centrally installed above the side wall of the hydraulic control valve station.

7. The multi-mode drilling process multi-dimensional parameter real-time while drilling monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling frequency of the data acquisition card is not less than 2kHz, and the distributed sensor group is used to monitor and collect multi-dimensional drilling parameters such as drilling process, speed, pressure, flow, frequency, and acceleration in real time.

8. The multi-mode drilling process multi-dimensional parameter real-time while drilling monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the drilling mode of the rock drilling subsystem, the drill bit used in the impact-push mode is a down-the-hole drill bit, with a size range of 35mm-110mm; the drill bit used in the rotary cutting-push mode is a PDC drill bit and a coring drill bit; the drill bit used in the impact-rotary cutting-push composite drilling mode is a ball tooth drill bit, including 7 teeth and 9 teeth, with a size range of 35mm-110mm.

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