Battery pack structural optimization system, method, battery pack, and electric vehicle

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a battery pack structure optimization system, method, battery pack and electric vehicle. It relates to the technical field of battery. It comprises: testing the signal generated by the comb wave generator collected by the receiving antenna through the test equipment to obtain the shielding effectiveness reference value; determining a plurality of test areas of the electrical appliance compartment of the battery pack to be tested; testing the signal generated by the comb wave generator in each test area collected by the receiving antenna through the test equipment respectively to obtain a plurality of shielding effectiveness measured values; calculating the difference between the shielding effectiveness reference value and each shielding effectiveness measured value respectively to obtain a plurality of shielding effectiveness values, and installing the battery management system in the target area according to the plurality of shielding effectiveness values. The above scheme simulates the distribution characteristics of the internal high-frequency electromagnetic disturbance in the actual use process of the battery pack to be tested through the internal excitation type test of the battery pack, and installs the battery management system in the test area with the strongest shielding effectiveness, thereby improving the accuracy of the battery pack structure optimization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery pack structure optimization system, method, battery pack, and electric vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] As a crucial component of new energy vehicles, the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of the power battery pack directly affects the safety and reliability of the entire vehicle.

[0003] In related technologies, electromagnetic interference is simulated using external radiation sources to test the electromagnetic compatibility of battery packs and optimize their structure accordingly. However, this method suffers from low accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a battery pack structure optimization system, method, battery pack, and electric vehicle to improve the accuracy of battery pack structure optimization.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery pack structure optimization system for determining a target area; the battery pack structure optimization system includes a comb wave generator, an insulating support, a receiving antenna, and testing equipment; the insulating support is fixed to a test platform, the receiving antenna is connected to the testing equipment, and the comb wave generator, the insulating support, and the receiving antenna are located in a semi-anechoic chamber;

[0006] The target area is used to indicate the installation location of the battery management system in the battery pack under test, and the target area is determined in the following way:

[0007] The comb wave generator is fixed on the insulating support and the comb wave generator is started. The signal generated by the comb wave generator and collected by the receiving antenna is tested by the testing equipment to obtain the shielding effectiveness benchmark value. The signal collected by the receiving antenna is the signal generated by the comb wave generator.

[0008] The battery pack under test is fixed to the insulating support, and multiple test areas of the electrical compartment of the battery pack under test are determined.

[0009] The comb wave generator is arranged at preset positions in the multiple test areas and the comb wave generator is activated. Multiple second signals collected by the receiving antenna are tested by the test equipment to obtain multiple measured shielding effectiveness values. The multiple second signals are the signals generated by the comb wave generator in each test area.

[0010] The difference between the shielding effectiveness benchmark value and each measured shielding effectiveness value is calculated to obtain multiple shielding effectiveness values. The target area is then determined based on the multiple shielding effectiveness values.

[0011] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a method for optimizing the structure of a battery pack, including:

[0012] The comb wave generator is fixed on the insulating support and the comb wave generator is started. The first signal collected by the receiving antenna is tested by the test equipment to obtain the shielding effectiveness reference value. The first signal is the signal generated by the comb wave generator.

[0013] The battery pack to be tested is fixed on the insulating support, and multiple test areas of the electrical compartment of the battery pack to be tested are determined.

[0014] The comb wave generator is arranged at preset positions in the multiple test areas and the comb wave generator is started. The multiple second signals collected by the receiving antenna are tested by the test equipment to obtain multiple measured values ​​of shielding effectiveness. The multiple second signals are the signals generated by the comb wave generator in each test area.

[0015] The difference between the shielding effectiveness benchmark value and each measured shielding effectiveness value is calculated to obtain multiple shielding effectiveness values. The target area is then determined based on the multiple shielding effectiveness values.

[0016] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a battery pack, including at least battery cells and a battery management system, wherein the position of the battery management system in the battery pack is determined by the structure optimization system of the battery pack described in the first aspect.

[0017] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide an electric vehicle that includes at least the battery pack described in the third aspect.

[0018] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide an electrical device that includes at least the battery pack described in the third aspect.

[0019] Sixthly, embodiments of this application provide a battery pack structure optimization device, comprising:

[0020] The processing module is used to fix the comb wave generator to the insulating support and start the comb wave generator, and to test the first signal collected by the receiving antenna through the testing equipment to obtain a shielding effectiveness benchmark value. The first signal is the signal generated by the comb wave generator.

[0021] The area determination module is used to fix the battery pack under test onto the insulating support and determine multiple test areas of the electrical compartment of the battery pack under test.

[0022] The testing module is used to arrange the comb wave generator at preset positions in the multiple test areas and start the comb wave generator. The testing equipment is used to test multiple second signals collected by the receiving antenna to obtain multiple measured shielding effectiveness values. The multiple second signals are signals generated by the comb wave generator in each test area.

[0023] The calculation module is used to calculate the difference between each measured shielding effectiveness value and the shielding effectiveness benchmark value to obtain multiple shielding effectiveness values, and to determine the target area based on the multiple shielding effectiveness values.

[0024] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including: a memory and a processor;

[0025] The memory stores computer-executed instructions;

[0026] The processor executes computer execution instructions stored in the memory, causing the processor to perform the implementation method described in the second aspect above.

[0027] Eighthly, embodiments of this application provide a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the embodiments described in the second aspect above.

[0028] Ninthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the implementation methods described in the second aspect above.

[0029] The battery pack structure optimization system, method, battery pack, and electric vehicle provided in this application embodiment achieve internal excitation-type testing of the battery pack by arranging comb wave generators in multiple test areas of the electrical compartment of the battery pack under test and receiving signals emitted by the comb wave generators through receiving antennas. This simulates the distribution characteristics of internal high-frequency electromagnetic interference in the actual use of the battery pack under test, accurately obtains the shielding effectiveness of different test areas of the battery pack under test against high-frequency electromagnetic interference, and on this basis, installs the battery management system in the test area with the strongest shielding effectiveness, effectively reducing the impact of high-frequency electromagnetic interference on the battery management system, thereby improving the accuracy of battery pack structure optimization. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of a battery pack structure optimization method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic flowchart illustrating a method for optimizing the structure of a battery pack, as provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating another method for optimizing the structure of a battery pack provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the arrangement for the noise floor test provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the setup for testing the shielding effectiveness benchmark value provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0036] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the test area provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0037] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the setup for testing the measured shielding effectiveness in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a battery pack provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of an electric vehicle provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a battery pack structure optimization device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of another battery pack structure optimization device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0043] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0044] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0045] In this application embodiment, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "more than one" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0046] It should be noted that the phrase "at...time" in the embodiments of this application can refer to the instant at which a certain situation occurs, or to a period of time after the occurrence of a certain situation; the embodiments of this application do not specifically limit this. Furthermore, the display interface provided in the embodiments of this application is merely an example, and the display interface may include more or less content.

[0047] It should be noted that the battery pack structure optimization system, method, battery pack, and electric vehicle of this application can be used in the field of batteries, or in any field other than batteries. The application fields of the battery pack structure optimization system, method, battery pack, and electric vehicle of this application are not limited.

[0048] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of a battery pack structure optimization method provided in this application embodiment. The scenario illustrated is as follows: The battery pack includes a Battery Management System (BMS), which is the core measurement and control unit of the battery pack. The working accuracy of the BMS is crucial to the normal operation of the battery pack.

[0049] In practical applications, the high degree of integration and dense arrangement of high-voltage and high-current devices inside the power battery pack, along with the switching of relays and the high-frequency switching of power devices, will generate a large amount of high-frequency electromagnetic interference inside the battery pack's electrical compartment, forming a complex internal electromagnetic coupling environment.

[0050] Battery Management System (BMS) is a low-voltage precision sampling and control device that is highly sensitive to electromagnetic interference. The electromagnetic field distribution and shielding attenuation capabilities vary significantly in different areas of the electrical compartment. If the BMS is placed in an area with weak shielding and high electromagnetic interference intensity, problems such as sampling distortion, signal crosstalk, communication abnormalities, and even functional failures are likely to occur, which will seriously affect the operational stability of the battery pack.

[0051] Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) includes two core indicators: electromagnetic interference emission and electromagnetic immunity. Shielding effectiveness is the core basic parameter that determines the EMC performance of a battery pack. The shielding effectiveness of each area of ​​the electrical compartment directly determines the attenuation of electromagnetic interference and the intensity of electromagnetic field distribution within the area, and is a key basis for judging the quality of the local electromagnetic environment of the battery pack.

[0052] In related technologies, the testing method for optimizing the EMC of battery packs adopts an external radiation excitation test scheme, which uses an external radiation source to simulate electromagnetic interference in order to detect the overall electromagnetic compatibility level of the battery pack.

[0053] This type of test can only evaluate the radiated emission performance of the battery pack to the outside, and cannot reproduce the internal high-frequency interference characteristics generated by the operation of the internal components of the battery pack, nor can it accurately identify the differences in shielding attenuation and the strength of electromagnetic interference distribution in different areas inside the electrical compartment.

[0054] Therefore, existing testing methods are insufficient to accurately locate well-shielded areas within the chamber, resulting in poor targeting and low accuracy in BMS layout optimization, and difficulty in avoiding interference from internal electromagnetic disturbances on the precision working circuits of the BMS.

[0055] The method for optimizing the structure of the battery pack provided in this application aims to solve the above-mentioned technical problems in related technologies.

[0056] The technical solution of this application and how it solves the above-mentioned technical problems will be described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0057] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for optimizing the structure of a battery pack according to an embodiment of this application. The method includes the following steps:

[0058] S201. Fix the comb wave generator to the insulating support and start the comb wave generator. Test the first signal collected by the receiving antenna through the test equipment to obtain the shielding effectiveness reference value. The first signal is the signal generated by the comb wave generator.

[0059] Among them, the battery pack structure optimization system is used to determine the target area, which is used to indicate the installation position of the battery management system in the battery pack under test, so that the influence of high-frequency electromagnetic interference on the battery pack is within a preset range.

[0060] For example, the Battery Management System (BMS) is a critical electronic control unit in a battery pack. It is highly sensitive to electromagnetic interference, and its operational stability directly affects the safety and lifespan of the battery pack. By installing the BMS in the target area identified through the above method (i.e., the area with optimal shielding effectiveness), the interference of external electromagnetic disturbances on the BMS can be minimized, while also reducing the leakage of high-frequency interference generated by the BMS itself to the outside.

[0061] The battery pack structural optimization system includes a comb wave generator, an insulating support, a receiving antenna, and testing equipment. The insulating support is fixed to the test platform, and the receiving antenna is connected to the testing equipment. The comb wave generator, the insulating support, and the receiving antenna are located in a semi-anechoic chamber.

[0062] The comb wave generator serves as the internal excitation signal source in this embodiment. It is used to output a high-frequency comb-shaped electromagnetic interference signal to simulate the high-frequency electromagnetic noise generated by the switching and relay actions of the power devices inside the battery pack under test, thereby reproducing the radiation characteristics of the internal interference source under actual operating conditions of the battery pack under test.

[0063] The insulating support is used to support and position the battery pack under test (DUT), and is positioned between the test platform and the DUT. On one hand, it prevents the test platform from becoming a conductive reflective surface, causing electromagnetic wave reflection and resonance, which could interfere with the antenna signal reception. On the other hand, it enables horizontal positioning and height adjustment of the DUT, ensuring that the DUT's placement posture matches the actual vehicle assembly posture, thus guaranteeing consistent testing conditions.

[0064] The receiving antenna is an electromagnetic wave receiving and acquisition component used to capture the high-frequency electromagnetic signals radiated by the comb wave generator and convert the spatial electromagnetic field signals into electrical signals for transmission to the test equipment.

[0065] The testing equipment is a signal acquisition, data processing, and analysis unit. It is electrically connected to the receiving antenna to receive the electrical signals transmitted by the antenna. It has signal amplitude reading and spectrum analysis functions. It calculates and quantifies test data based on the strength of the received signal.

[0066] Optionally, the testing equipment can be an electromagnetic interference (EMI) testing system. This system consists of a spectrum analyzer, a signal processing module, and a data storage module, and can interface with a receiving antenna to collect spatially radiated electromagnetic wave signals, completing frequency domain signal acquisition and amplitude analysis.

[0067] The test platform serves as the load-bearing platform and the installation reference for the entire set of test fixtures.

[0068] The walls of the semi-anechoic chamber are lined with absorbing material, while the floor retains a conductive reflective surface. This absorbs stray electromagnetic waves, isolates external electromagnetic interference, eliminates measurement errors caused by multiple reflections of electromagnetic waves within the test space, and ensures the accuracy of shielding effectiveness test data.

[0069] For example, the diameter of the semi-anechoic chamber is 3 meters, the ambient temperature is 18~28℃, and the ambient humidity is 20%~80%RH.

[0070] For example, the comb wave generator is fixed to an insulating support, ensuring that its antenna phase center is aligned with the phase center of the receiving antenna, while maintaining the same distance between them as during subsequent battery pack testing. This is an unobstructed signal strength test, and the measured signal strength value serves as a benchmark for evaluating the shielding effect of the housing.

[0071] For example, after the comb wave generator is started, its internal oscillation circuit generates a series of discrete frequency comb spectrum signals within a preset frequency band and step size. A receiving antenna (e.g., a monopole antenna, biconical antenna, logarithmic antenna, or horn antenna) receives this signal at a predetermined distance and transmits it to the test equipment via a coaxial cable.

[0072] Optionally, the receiving frequency band of the single-pole antenna is 1~30MHz, the receiving frequency band of the biconical antenna is 30~200MHz, the receiving frequency band of the logarithmic antenna is 200~1000MHz, and the receiving frequency band of the horn antenna is 1~6GHz.

[0073] The testing equipment scans the entire frequency band, records the signal amplitude at each frequency point, and forms a spectrum curve. This curve data is the benchmark value for shielding effectiveness.

[0074] S202. Fix the battery pack under test onto the insulating support and determine multiple test areas of the electrical compartment of the battery pack under test.

[0075] For example, the battery pack under test is placed on an insulating support with its side facing the receiving antenna (typically the side containing the battery compartment) directly opposite the antenna.

[0076] The electrical compartment is the main space inside the battery pack that integrates battery cells, battery management system and other electrical components. The distribution of its shielding effectiveness directly determines the electromagnetic compatibility performance of the internal components.

[0077] The process of determining multiple test areas, illustrated with scenario examples, involves dividing the appliance compartment into a series of uniform, locatable sub-regions.

[0078] Optionally, the test area can be divided using a grid method, for example, using 10 cm by 10 cm as the basic unit, dividing the entire bottom or top surface of the battery compartment into grids of equal size. The grid size can be adjusted according to the actual size of the battery pack and the required test accuracy. For example, for areas with limited space or dense components, a smaller grid size can be used to improve test resolution. Each grid is a test area.

[0079] S203. The comb wave generator is placed at preset positions in multiple test areas and the comb wave generator is started. Multiple second signals collected by the receiving antenna are tested by the test equipment to obtain multiple measured values ​​of shielding effectiveness. The multiple second signals are signals generated by the comb wave generator in each test area.

[0080] Optionally, the preset position can be the center point of each test area.

[0081] For example, after completing the baseline test and area division, the comb wave generator is removed from the insulating support and placed in the first test area within the battery pack's electrical compartment. Ensure that the antenna portion of the comb wave generator faces the direction of the receiving antenna.

[0082] Start the comb wave generator, and the receiving antenna collects the attenuated comb wave signal after passing through the battery pack casing. The test equipment records the signal amplitude at each frequency point at this time, which is the measured value of the shielding effectiveness of the test area.

[0083] For example, after completing the test in the first test area, the comb wave generator is turned off and moved to the next test area. The comb wave generator is restarted and the test is performed, recording the measured shielding effectiveness value for that test area. This process is repeated, traversing all test areas within the electrical compartment one by one, until the measured shielding effectiveness values ​​for all test areas are obtained. Each measured value reflects the degree of attenuation of electromagnetic signals by the battery pack casing at that specific location.

[0084] The first signal and the second signal share the same frequency band.

[0085] S204. Calculate the difference between the shielding effectiveness benchmark value and each measured shielding effectiveness value to obtain multiple shielding effectiveness values, and determine the target area based on the multiple shielding effectiveness values.

[0086] For example, for each test area, the corresponding shielding effectiveness value is equal to the difference between the measured shielding effectiveness value and the shielding effectiveness benchmark value of that test area.

[0087] For example, if the baseline shielding effectiveness value is 100 and the measured shielding effectiveness value is 40 in a certain frequency band, then the shielding effectiveness of that test area is 60. Using this method, the shielding effectiveness value of each test area within the electrical compartment can be obtained, forming a shielding effectiveness distribution map.

[0088] To illustrate with a scenario example, identifying the target area involves finding one or more areas on this shielding effectiveness distribution map that result in the greatest electromagnetic signal attenuation (i.e., the highest shielding effectiveness value). A higher shielding effectiveness value means a stronger ability to suppress electromagnetic interference in the target area, thus better protecting internal electromagnetically sensitive components.

[0089] Optionally, the target area can be the area corresponding to the test area with the highest shielding effectiveness value, or it can be the area formed by connecting multiple test areas with high shielding effectiveness.

[0090] Optionally, a preamplifier can be configured, positioned between the receiving antenna and the test equipment. The electromagnetic signal acquired by the receiving antenna is first input to the preamplifier. The RF signal acquired by the receiving antenna has a weak amplitude, and there is signal attenuation during RF cable transmission. The preamplifier performs low-noise amplification on the weak electromagnetic signal, improving the signal level, enhancing the system signal-to-noise ratio, reducing the interference of cable loss and instrument noise on the measurement results, and ensuring that the test equipment can effectively identify weak electromagnetic field signals.

[0091] The battery pack structure optimization system provided in this application embodiment fixes a comb wave generator to an insulating support and starts the comb wave generator. A first signal collected by a receiving antenna is tested using testing equipment to obtain a shielding effectiveness reference value. The first signal is the signal generated by the comb wave generator. The battery pack under test is fixed to the insulating support, and multiple test areas of the electrical compartment of the battery pack under test are determined. The comb wave generator is arranged at preset positions in the multiple test areas and started. Multiple second signals collected by the receiving antenna are tested using testing equipment to obtain multiple measured shielding effectiveness values. The multiple second signals are the signals generated by the comb wave generator in each test area. The difference between the shielding effectiveness reference value and each measured shielding effectiveness value is calculated to obtain multiple shielding effectiveness values. The target area is determined based on the multiple shielding effectiveness values.

[0092] By deploying comb wave generators in multiple test areas within the electrical compartment of the battery pack under test and receiving signals from the comb wave generators via a receiving antenna, an excitation-type test of the battery pack's internal structure is achieved. This simulates the distribution characteristics of high-frequency electromagnetic interference within the battery pack during actual use, accurately obtaining the shielding effectiveness of different test areas against high-frequency electromagnetic interference. Based on this, the battery management system is installed in the test area with the strongest shielding effectiveness, effectively reducing the impact of high-frequency electromagnetic interference on the battery management system, thereby improving the accuracy of battery pack structure optimization.

[0093] Based on any of the above embodiments, the following, in conjunction with Figure 3 The detailed process of the battery pack structure optimization method is explained.

[0094] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for optimizing the structure of a battery pack, as provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0095] S301. Test the ambient electromagnetic signal in the semi-anechoic chamber collected by the receiving antenna using testing equipment to obtain electromagnetic noise floor data.

[0096] For example, electromagnetic noise floor data is used to ensure the purity of the test environment. In a semi-anechoic chamber, all non-essential electromagnetic equipment is turned off, leaving only the test equipment and receiving antenna operational.

[0097] The receiving antenna is not facing any active transmitter at this time; it only collects background electromagnetic noise from the environment, such as weak interference from power lines or external radio frequency signal leakage. The test equipment performs a spectrum scan on these signals and records the noise amplitude at each frequency point, which is the electromagnetic noise floor data.

[0098] For example, electromagnetic noise floor data is an indicator of whether the test background is clean. If the ambient noise is too high, its signal amplitude may approach or even drown out the effective signal generated by the comb wave generator, leading to distortion of subsequent measurement results.

[0099] S302. When the electromagnetic noise floor data is less than or equal to the preset noise floor data, fix the comb wave generator on the insulating support.

[0100] For example, the preset noise floor data can be an empirical threshold, such as being set to be 10 dB lower than the minimum measurable signal required by standard electromagnetic compatibility testing. If the electromagnetic noise floor data measured in S301 across the entire frequency band is less than or equal to this preset value, it indicates that the current test environment is clean and meets the test conditions. Subsequently, the comb wave generator is secured, that is, it is placed firmly on an insulating support, ensuring good electrical isolation between it and the test platform (such as a copper plate table).

[0101] For example, if the electromagnetic noise floor data exceeds the preset noise floor data at certain frequency points, it is necessary to find and eliminate the source of interference (such as turning off unnecessary electronic devices), or optimize the filtering effect of the anechoic chamber until the ambient noise floor is reduced to a qualified level.

[0102] Below, in conjunction with Figure 4 The setup for the background noise test is explained.

[0103] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the setup for the noise floor test provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 As shown, the semi-anechoic chamber isolates external electromagnetic interference, absorbs stray electromagnetic waves, and prevents external signals from affecting the acquisition of the reference noise floor. The test platform is located inside the semi-anechoic chamber, and the receiving antenna is positioned 900mm from the edge of the test platform. The receiving antenna is connected to the test equipment via an RF cable. During the noise floor benchmark test, no battery pack under test, insulating supports, or comb wave generator are placed on the test platform, and no electromagnetic excitation signal is applied. The test equipment acquires the inherent environmental electromagnetic noise of the semi-anechoic chamber itself through the receiving antenna to obtain the environmental noise floor benchmark data.

[0104] Based on the above implementation methods, by measuring electromagnetic noise floor data, measurement errors caused by environmental noise can be effectively avoided, thereby improving the accuracy of shielding effectiveness testing and thus improving the accuracy of battery pack structure optimization.

[0105] S303. Start the comb wave generator and test the first signal collected by the receiving antenna through the test equipment to obtain the shielding effectiveness reference value. The first signal is the signal generated by the comb wave generator.

[0106] One feasible implementation method is to start the comb wave generator by: determining the electromagnetic interference frequency band range and electromagnetic interference spectral density corresponding to the battery pack under test; determining the test frequency band range based on the electromagnetic interference frequency band range, wherein the test frequency band range covers the electromagnetic interference frequency band range; determining the scanning step size based on the electromagnetic interference spectral density; and controlling the operation of the comb wave generator based on the test frequency band range coverage and the scanning step size.

[0107] Below, in conjunction with Figure 5 The setup for testing the baseline value of shielding effectiveness is explained.

[0108] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the setup for testing the shielding effectiveness benchmark value provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 As shown, an insulating support is placed on the test platform, supporting the comb wave generator. The comb wave generator is 100mm horizontally from the edge of the test platform. The receiving antenna is 900mm horizontally from the edge of the test platform and is connected to the test equipment via an RF cable. During the shielding effectiveness benchmark test, the battery pack under test is not placed. The comb wave generator is activated and transmits a high-frequency electromagnetic excitation signal in a preset frequency band. The test equipment collects the original electromagnetic field signal under the condition of no battery pack shielding through the receiving antenna, thus obtaining the shielding effectiveness benchmark test result.

[0109] For example, the thickness of the insulating support can be 50 mm to stably support the comb wave generator.

[0110] For example, the core of starting a comb wave generator lies in configuring its appropriate operating parameters. The electromagnetic interference frequency band determines the frequency range of the battery pack's main electromagnetic radiation, for example, 30MHz to 1GHz. The test frequency band should fully cover this range, for example, it can be set to 20MHz to 1.2GHz, leaving some margin.

[0111] The test parameters are illustrated in Table 1 below:

[0112] Table 1

[0113]

[0114] Referring to Table 1, the comb wave generator transmits signals in 100MHz steps within the 1GHz~6GHz frequency band. To match the radiated signal acquisition requirements of the comb wave generator, the receiver of the test equipment uses an average value detector, and differentiated test parameters are configured for different frequency ranges. In the 1MHz~30MHz frequency band, the receiver resolution bandwidth is set to 9kHz, the frequency step is 5kHz, and the dwell time of a single frequency point is 50ms. The narrow bandwidth and long dwell time suppress environmental noise interference, ensuring the stability of low-frequency electromagnetic signal acquisition. In the 30MHz~6GHz frequency band, the receiver resolution bandwidth is set to 120kHz, the frequency step is 50kHz, and the dwell time of a single frequency point is 5ms, adapting to the fast acquisition characteristics of high-frequency signals and shortening the full-domain spectrum scanning time. The segmented parameter settings of the receiver can stably capture the changing electromagnetic signals of the comb wave generator, working in conjunction with the comb wave generator to complete the internal excitation test of the battery pack.

[0115] For example, by specifying the frequency band to be tested and the step size, the comb wave generator can be configured to generate a stable comb spectrum signal within that frequency band and at that step size. This ensures that the energy of the test signal covers all frequencies at which the battery pack may generate electromagnetic interference, avoiding test blind spots caused by missing frequency bands or excessively large step sizes, and also avoiding wasting test time on unimportant frequency bands.

[0116] In this feasible implementation, the output frequency band and step size of the comb wave generator are adaptively configured based on the characteristics of the battery pack, which achieves precise matching between the test signal and the electromagnetic characteristics of the battery pack under test. This ensures that the shielding effectiveness test has sufficient frequency resolution at key frequency points, thereby improving the accuracy of the shielding effectiveness test and, consequently, the accuracy of the battery pack structure optimization.

[0117] One feasible implementation method is to determine the scanning step size by: dividing the overall electromagnetic interference frequency band interval corresponding to the battery pack under test into multiple continuous and non-overlapping subdivided frequency bands; and determining the corresponding scanning step size according to the electromagnetic interference spectral density corresponding to each subdivided frequency band.

[0118] For example, the electromagnetic interference generated by a battery pack often has different density characteristics in different frequency bands. For instance, in the low frequency band (such as 1MHz to 30MHz), the electromagnetic interference may appear as narrowband spikes; while in the high frequency band (such as 1GHz to 6GHz), the interference may appear as broadband noise.

[0119] By segmenting the frequency bands, more refined management can be achieved. For example, the entire range from 1MHz to 6GHz can be divided into three sub-bands: 1MHz to 30MHz, 30MHz to 1GHz, and 1GHz to 6GHz.

[0120] For example, within each sub-band, the scan step size is determined based on the typical interference spectral density of that band. In bands with high interference density and complex spectral structures (such as narrowband bands), smaller scan step sizes (e.g., 1 MHz or less) are used to improve frequency resolution and ensure that no potential electromagnetic interference peaks are missed. In bands with low interference density and flat spectral structures (such as wideband bands), larger scan step sizes (e.g., 100 MHz) are used to speed up the scan and shorten the overall test time.

[0121] In this feasible implementation, by segmenting the frequency band and dynamically adjusting the scanning step size according to the interference density of each interval, the scanning efficiency of non-critical frequency bands is effectively improved while ensuring the testing accuracy of critical frequency bands, thus achieving a balance between testing speed and accuracy.

[0122] One feasible implementation method is to determine the electromagnetic interference frequency band and electromagnetic interference spectrum density corresponding to the battery pack under test by the following steps: determining the battery pack identifier of the battery pack under test; generating a database query request based on the battery pack identifier; querying the database through the database query request to obtain the electromagnetic interference frequency band and electromagnetic interference spectrum density, wherein the database pre-stores multiple sample battery pack identifiers and the sample electromagnetic interference frequency band and sample electromagnetic interference spectrum density corresponding to each sample battery pack identifier.

[0123] For example, the battery pack identifier can be the battery pack model, production batch, or unique serial number. These unique identifiers can be used to retrieve the electromagnetic characteristic data of the battery pack under test from a database.

[0124] For example, a database query request is an instruction executed in a computer system to quickly find a record associated with a battery pack identifier from a structured database (such as a relational database).

[0125] For example, the database pre-stores electromagnetic interference (EMI) characteristic data obtained from standard EMC tests on various sample battery packs (e.g., battery packs with different capacities, cell chemistry systems, and structural designs). When the identifier of the battery pack under test matches a model in the database, the system can directly retrieve its historical interference frequency band range (e.g., 30MHz to 1GHz) and interference spectral density as the basis for setting the comb wave generator parameters, without having to perform a complete full-band pre-scan for each battery pack under test, thus significantly improving testing efficiency.

[0126] In this feasible implementation, the electromagnetic characteristic parameters of the battery pack under test are quickly obtained through database queries, avoiding repetitive basic testing work, realizing intelligent and automated setting of test parameters, effectively shortening test preparation time, and thus improving test efficiency.

[0127] S304. Fix the battery pack under test onto the insulating support and determine multiple test areas of the electrical compartment of the battery pack under test.

[0128] Below, in conjunction with Figure 6 The test area is described.

[0129] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the test area provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 As shown, the battery pack contains a cell area and an electrical compartment. The cell area is used to arrange the battery cells and is the main body of the battery pack for energy storage. The electrical compartment area is divided into several independent test areas, namely test area 1, test area 2, ..., test area n-1 and test area n.

[0130] During the testing process, comb wave generators were placed in different test areas within the electrical compartment in sequence to simulate high-frequency electromagnetic interference scenarios generated at different locations within the electrical compartment, and internal excitation tests were performed accordingly.

[0131] S305. The comb wave generator is placed at preset positions in multiple test areas and the comb wave generator is started. Multiple second signals collected by the receiving antenna are tested by the test equipment to obtain multiple measured values ​​of shielding effectiveness. The multiple second signals are signals generated by the comb wave generator in each test area.

[0132] Below, in conjunction with Figure 7 The setup for testing the measured shielding effectiveness is explained.

[0133] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the setup for testing the measured shielding effectiveness in an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 As shown, an insulating support is placed on the test bench, supporting the battery pack under test. A comb wave generator is placed in one of the test areas inside the battery pack's electrical compartment to simulate electromagnetic interference sources within the compartment. The receiving antenna is 900mm horizontally from the edge of the test bench and is connected to the test equipment via an RF cable.

[0134] During the actual testing phase, all external conditions, including the horizontal distance of the receiving antenna and the placement of the tooling, were kept consistent with the shielding effectiveness benchmark test. The comb wave generator was activated to transmit an excitation signal, and the testing equipment collected the electromagnetic field signal after shielding by the battery pack casing through the receiving antenna to obtain the measured value of the shielding effectiveness.

[0135] One feasible implementation method is to test by means of the following: each time the comb wave generator switches the test area, align the timing of the comb wave generator and the timing of the receiving antenna, and obtain the measured value of the shielding effectiveness corresponding to the current test area through the test equipment; until the test of each test area is completed, and multiple measured values ​​of shielding effectiveness are obtained.

[0136] For example, in order to ensure that the starting state of each measurement is consistent and to avoid data inconsistency caused by asynchronous device startup timing, it is necessary to synchronize the output timing of the comb wave generator with the scanning timing of the receiving antenna when the comb wave generator is moved to a new test area and restarted.

[0137] Optionally, a synchronization triggering mechanism can be designed. After the comb wave generator stabilizes its output signal in a certain test area, a synchronization pulse is sent to the receiver, triggering the receiver to begin spectral scanning and data recording in that test area. This synchronization mechanism ensures that the time-domain window for each measurement is completely consistent.

[0138] With a scenario example, if the comb wave generator and receiving antenna are not time-aligned, the receiver may begin sampling at an instant before the signal has stabilized, or continue recording when the signal has already begun to attenuate. This results in the measured shielding effectiveness value including non-steady-state signal components, thus affecting the accuracy of the shielding effectiveness calculation. Strict timing alignment can eliminate this type of random error. The testing system automatically traverses all test areas within the electrical compartment. After completing the test in the last test area, it automatically terminates the process and outputs a list of measured shielding effectiveness values ​​for all test areas.

[0139] In this feasible implementation, by synchronizing the timing of the comb wave generator and the receiving antenna each time the test area is switched, the consistency of the starting conditions and sampling window for each test is ensured, avoiding measurement errors caused by equipment startup delays or timing asynchrony. This significantly improves the stability of multi-area shielding effectiveness test data, thereby improving the accuracy of shielding effectiveness testing and, consequently, the accuracy of battery pack structure optimization.

[0140] S306. Calculate the difference between each measured shielding effectiveness value and the shielding effectiveness benchmark value to obtain multiple shielding effectiveness values, and determine the target area based on the multiple shielding effectiveness values.

[0141] The shielding effectiveness values ​​are illustrated in Table 2 below:

[0142] Table 2

[0143]

[0144] Referring to Table 2, the shielding effectiveness benchmark value E1 is the reference field strength collected under the condition of no shielding by the battery pack under test and direct radiation by the comb wave generator. The measured shielding effectiveness value E2 is the field strength measured after the battery pack under test is placed, the comb wave generator is arranged in the corresponding test area, and the electromagnetic wave is shielded by the battery pack casing. The shielding effectiveness of a single test area is obtained by subtracting the measured shielding effectiveness value from the benchmark shielding effectiveness value, i.e., shielding effectiveness = E1 - E2.

[0145] For example, if the baseline shielding effectiveness is M and the measured shielding effectiveness of test area 2 is B, then the shielding effectiveness of test area 2 = MB, and so on.

[0146] One feasible approach is to determine the target area by: removing extreme values ​​from multiple shielding effectiveness values ​​to obtain multiple effective shielding effectiveness values; determining the mean of the multiple effective shielding effectiveness values; and determining the target area based on the multiple effective shielding effectiveness values ​​and the mean.

[0147] For example, extreme values ​​may arise from random errors during testing or from momentary low shielding values ​​caused by poor coupling between the comb wave generator and the antenna. Removing these extreme values ​​can prevent them from biasing subsequent statistical analysis.

[0148] For example, you can first sort all the shielding effectiveness values ​​by size, and then remove the highest and lowest 5% of the data points.

[0149] For example, the arithmetic mean of the remaining multiple effective shielding effectiveness values ​​is calculated to obtain a reference value characterizing the overall average shielding level of the battery pack. Since different test areas may exhibit different shielding effectiveness due to differences in shell structure, material thickness, or connection processes, abnormal (too high or too low) test areas can be identified by comparing the deviation of each effective shielding effectiveness value from the mean. The target area is typically a region with stable and high shielding effectiveness. For instance, all test areas with shielding effectiveness values ​​above the mean can be considered as candidates, and then the region with the least fluctuation and best stability can be selected as the target area.

[0150] In this feasible implementation, by eliminating extreme values ​​to remove occasional interference during the testing process, and by calculating the mean and comparing the deviation, the areas with stable and excellent shielding performance of the battery pack casing can be identified more accurately, thereby improving the accuracy of shielding effectiveness testing and thus improving the accuracy of battery pack structure optimization.

[0151] One feasible implementation method is to determine the target area by: calculating the difference between each effective shielding effectiveness value and the mean value to obtain multiple effectiveness value differences; when any effectiveness value difference is greater than or equal to a preset difference, repeating the following steps: iteratively arranging the structure of the battery pack under test to obtain the arranged battery pack; until the multiple effectiveness value differences of the arranged battery pack are all less than the preset difference, the test area with the highest shielding effectiveness value of the arranged battery pack is determined as the target area.

[0152] For example, the performance difference reflects the degree of deviation of a specific area from the average level of the entire battery pack. The preset difference is a judgment threshold, for example, it can be set to 10dB, indicating that if the shielding performance of a certain area is more than 10dB lower than the average, it is considered to have a significant shielding weakness, which may be caused by poor heat dissipation hole design in the housing, loose screw connection, or uneven material thickness in that area.

[0153] For example, when a shielding deficiency is found (any performance difference greater than or equal to a preset difference), an iterative direction for design optimization is provided. The battery pack structure can be iteratively rearranged, for example, by adjusting the internal wiring harness routing away from the deficiency area, replacing the material in that area of ​​the casing, optimizing the fastening process, or adding local electromagnetic shielding pads. After each adjustment, the shielding performance of all the above-mentioned test areas needs to be retested, and the performance difference recalculated to verify the optimization effect. This iterative process continues until the performance difference of all test areas is less than the preset difference, meaning that the overall shielding performance of the battery pack has reached a uniform and high level. Finally, the test area with the highest shielding performance value is selected as the target area for installing the battery management system.

[0154] This feasible implementation provides an automated, iterative strategy for optimizing the shielding performance of the battery pack housing. By quantitatively evaluating the performance deviation of each region and iteratively guiding structural improvements, the performance of all regions reaches a consistently high standard, thereby improving the accuracy of battery pack structural optimization.

[0155] This application provides a battery pack, which includes at least battery cells and a battery management system. The position of the battery management system in the battery pack is determined by the aforementioned battery pack structure optimization system.

[0156] See Figure 8 , Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the battery pack structure is shown in some embodiments of this application. The battery pack 200 is disposed inside the electric vehicle and can be installed at the bottom, front, or rear of the electric vehicle. The battery pack 200 can provide power support to the electric vehicle, for example, acting as the operating power source for the electric vehicle. The electric vehicle may also be equipped with a controller and a motor. The controller is used to schedule the battery pack to deliver electrical energy to the motor to meet the power needs of the electric vehicle during starting, navigation, and driving.

[0157] The battery pack 200, as a rechargeable battery, is the power source for new energy vehicles. The battery pack includes a housing 210 and multiple individual battery cells housed within the housing 210. The housing 210 provides space for the individual battery cells and other components, while also providing dustproof, waterproof, and protective functions to the internal components, thereby reducing the adverse effects of external liquids or foreign objects on the effectiveness and performance of the individual battery cells and other components, effectively extending the battery pack's lifespan. The shape of the housing is not limited; for example, it can be a cuboid, cylinder, etc. The material of the housing can also be flexibly selected; for example, copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, and plastic are all suitable.

[0158] The battery pack 200 in this embodiment includes multiple battery groups 230, with one battery group 230 disposed in each sub-accommodating space. Each battery group 230 includes multiple stacked individual cells, and the stacking direction of the individual cells can be parallel to the plane of the base plate. The battery pack 200 also includes a battery management system (BMS), a thermal management system, an electrical connection system (high-voltage / low-voltage connectors, wiring harnesses, etc.), structural components (casing, brackets, etc.), and protective components, etc., and the above components are placed in the housing 210 and sealed by the cover plate 220 to form a complete functional unit that can directly output electrical energy.

[0159] The battery management system (BMS) is used to detect the operating status of the battery pack and its individual cells, and to manage the battery module and its individual cells. The BMS includes a Battery Management Unit (BMU), a Cell Measurement Circuit (CMC), sensors, and various electronic control devices. The BMS includes at least one processor and a memory. The memory can be built into the BMS or externally located, and can also be remotely configured and connected to the BMS via a network.

[0160] Based on the above implementation method, comb wave generators are arranged in multiple test areas of the electrical compartment of the battery pack under test, and the signals emitted by the comb wave generators are received by receiving antennas to realize excitation-type testing inside the battery pack. This simulates the distribution characteristics of internal high-frequency electromagnetic interference in the actual use of the battery pack under test, accurately obtains the shielding effectiveness of different test areas of the battery pack under test against high-frequency electromagnetic interference, and on this basis, the battery management system is installed in the test area with the strongest shielding effectiveness, effectively reducing the impact of high-frequency electromagnetic interference on the battery management system, thereby improving the accuracy of battery pack structure optimization.

[0161] This application provides an electric vehicle that includes at least the aforementioned battery pack.

[0162] The following example uses an electric vehicle as a specific example of an electrical device. See [link / reference] Figure 9 , Figure 9The diagram illustrates the structure of an electric vehicle in some embodiments of this application. This electric vehicle can be a new energy vehicle, encompassing various types such as pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, and range-extended electric vehicles. The battery device 500 can be located at the bottom, front, or rear of the electric vehicle 100, providing power support to the electric vehicle, for example, acting as its operating power source. Furthermore, the electric vehicle 100 typically also includes a controller 300, which manages the discharge process of the battery device 500 to cover various power needs during vehicle startup, navigation, and operation.

[0163] In some embodiments, the battery device 500 comprises one or more battery packs, which can be connected in series, parallel, or a hybrid configuration. A hybrid configuration refers to the simultaneous presence of series and parallel connections in the connection of multiple battery packs. In other embodiments, the battery device 500 is a cluster-level battery architecture composed of multiple battery packs connected in series, wherein the number of battery packs in each cluster is strictly configured according to voltage and capacity requirements. More specifically, the battery unit of the battery device 500 includes multiple batteries, some of which are connected in series to form a cluster that meets a preset power supply voltage requirement, and at least one spare battery among the multiple batteries is bypassed.

[0164] Based on the above implementation method, comb wave generators are arranged in multiple test areas of the electrical compartment of the battery pack under test, and the signals emitted by the comb wave generators are received by receiving antennas to realize excitation-type testing inside the battery pack. This simulates the distribution characteristics of internal high-frequency electromagnetic interference in the actual use of the battery pack under test, accurately obtains the shielding effectiveness of different test areas of the battery pack under test against high-frequency electromagnetic interference, and on this basis, the battery management system is installed in the test area with the strongest shielding effectiveness, effectively reducing the impact of high-frequency electromagnetic interference on the battery management system, thereby improving the accuracy of battery pack structure optimization.

[0165] This application provides an electrical device that includes at least the battery pack described above.

[0166] Based on the above implementation method, comb wave generators are arranged in multiple test areas of the electrical compartment of the battery pack under test, and the signals emitted by the comb wave generators are received by receiving antennas to realize excitation-type testing inside the battery pack. This simulates the distribution characteristics of internal high-frequency electromagnetic interference in the actual use of the battery pack under test, accurately obtains the shielding effectiveness of different test areas of the battery pack under test against high-frequency electromagnetic interference, and on this basis, the battery management system is installed in the test area with the strongest shielding effectiveness, effectively reducing the impact of high-frequency electromagnetic interference on the battery management system, thereby improving the accuracy of battery pack structure optimization.

[0167] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a battery pack structure optimization device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 10 As shown, the battery pack structure optimization device 100 may include: a processing module 101, a region determination module 102, a testing module 103, and a calculation module 104.

[0168] The processing module 101 is used to fix the comb wave generator on the insulating support and start the comb wave generator. The first signal collected by the receiving antenna is tested by the testing equipment to obtain the shielding effectiveness reference value. The first signal is the signal generated by the comb wave generator.

[0169] The area determination module 102 is used to fix the battery pack under test onto the insulating support and determine multiple test areas of the electrical compartment of the battery pack under test.

[0170] Test module 103 is used to arrange the comb wave generator at preset positions in multiple test areas and start the comb wave generator. The test equipment is used to test multiple second signals collected by the receiving antenna to obtain multiple measured values ​​of shielding effectiveness. The multiple second signals are signals generated by the comb wave generator in each test area.

[0171] The calculation module 104 is used to calculate the difference between each measured shielding effectiveness value and the shielding effectiveness benchmark value to obtain multiple shielding effectiveness values, and to determine the target area based on the multiple shielding effectiveness values.

[0172] Optionally, the processing module 101 can execute Figure 2 S201 in the embodiment.

[0173] Optionally, the region determination module 102 can execute... Figure 2 S202 in the embodiment.

[0174] Optionally, test module 103 can execute Figure 2 S203 in the embodiment.

[0175] Optionally, the calculation module 104 can perform... Figure 2 S204 in the embodiment.

[0176] In one possible implementation, the processing module 101 is specifically used for:

[0177] The electromagnetic signals in the semi-anechoic chamber collected by the receiving antenna were tested using testing equipment to obtain electromagnetic noise floor data.

[0178] When the electromagnetic noise floor data is less than or equal to the preset noise floor data, the comb wave generator is fixed to the insulating support.

[0179] In one possible implementation, the processing module 101 is specifically used for:

[0180] Determine the electromagnetic interference frequency band and electromagnetic interference spectral density corresponding to the battery pack under test;

[0181] Based on the electromagnetic interference frequency band range, determine the test frequency band range, and the test frequency band range covers the electromagnetic interference frequency band range;

[0182] The scanning step size is determined based on the electromagnetic interference spectrum density;

[0183] The comb wave generator is controlled according to the test frequency band coverage and scanning step size.

[0184] In one possible implementation, the processing module 101 is specifically used for:

[0185] The overall electromagnetic interference frequency band corresponding to the battery pack under test is segmented and divided into multiple continuous and non-overlapping sub-bands.

[0186] The corresponding scanning step size is determined based on the electromagnetic interference spectrum density corresponding to each sub-band.

[0187] In one possible implementation, the processing module 101 is specifically used for:

[0188] Determine the battery pack identifier of the battery pack to be tested;

[0189] Generate a database query request based on the battery pack identifier;

[0190] The database query request is used to query the database to obtain the electromagnetic interference frequency band range and electromagnetic interference spectrum density. The database pre-stores multiple sample battery pack identifiers and the sample electromagnetic interference frequency band range and sample electromagnetic interference spectrum density corresponding to each sample battery pack identifier.

[0191] In one possible implementation, the test module 103 is specifically used for:

[0192] Each time the comb wave generator switches test areas, the timing sequence of the comb wave generator and the timing sequence of the receiving antenna are aligned, and the measured value of the shielding effectiveness corresponding to the current test area is obtained through testing equipment.

[0193] The testing continued until all test areas were completed, resulting in multiple measured values ​​of shielding effectiveness.

[0194] In one possible implementation, the computing module 104 is specifically used for:

[0195] By removing extreme values ​​from multiple shielding effectiveness values, multiple effective shielding effectiveness values ​​are obtained;

[0196] Determine the average of multiple effective shielding performance values;

[0197] The target area is determined based on multiple effective shielding performance values ​​and the average value.

[0198] In one possible implementation, the computing module 104 is specifically used for:

[0199] Calculate the difference between each effective shielding effectiveness value and the mean value to obtain multiple effectiveness value differences;

[0200] When any performance value difference is greater than or equal to a preset difference, the structure of the battery pack under test is iteratively arranged to obtain the arranged battery pack.

[0201] The test area with the highest shielding effectiveness value of the battery pack after deployment is determined as the target area until the differences between multiple effectiveness values ​​of the battery pack after deployment are all less than the preset difference.

[0202] It should be noted that the battery pack structure optimization device shown in the embodiments of this application can execute the technical solution shown in the above method embodiments, and its implementation principle and beneficial effects are similar, so they will not be described again here.

[0203] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of another battery pack structure optimization device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 10 Based on the illustrated embodiments, as Figure 11 As shown, the battery pack structure optimization device 100 also includes a preprocessing module 105.

[0204] Preprocessing module 105 is used for:

[0205] Determine the preset fluctuation range corresponding to the battery pack under test;

[0206] Continuous power supply preprocessing for the comb wave generator;

[0207] Perform a preheating process on the test equipment;

[0208] The test equipment continuously acquires signals from the test comb wave generator until the baseline spectral amplitude of the signal is within the preset fluctuation range, thus completing the preprocessing.

[0209] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 12 As shown, the electronic device includes:

[0210] The electronic device includes a processor 291 and a memory 292; it may also include a communication interface 293 and a bus 294. The processor 291, memory 292, and communication interface 293 can communicate with each other via the bus 294. The communication interface 293 can be used for information transmission. The processor 291 can invoke logical instructions stored in the memory 292 to execute the methods of the above embodiments.

[0211] Furthermore, the logic instructions in the aforementioned memory 292 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0212] The memory 292, as a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store software programs and computer-executable programs, such as program instructions / modules corresponding to the methods in the embodiments of this application. The processor 291 executes functional applications and data processing by running the software programs, instructions, and modules stored in the memory 292, that is, it implements the methods in the above-described method embodiments.

[0213] The memory 292 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system and application programs required for at least one function; the data storage area may store data created based on the use of the terminal device. Furthermore, the memory 292 may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-volatile memory.

[0214] Based on the above implementation method, comb wave generators are arranged in multiple test areas of the electrical compartment of the battery pack under test, and the signals emitted by the comb wave generators are received by receiving antennas to realize excitation-type testing inside the battery pack. This simulates the distribution characteristics of internal high-frequency electromagnetic interference in the actual use of the battery pack under test, accurately obtains the shielding effectiveness of different test areas of the battery pack under test against high-frequency electromagnetic interference, and on this basis, the battery management system is installed in the test area with the strongest shielding effectiveness, effectively reducing the impact of high-frequency electromagnetic interference on the battery management system, thereby improving the accuracy of battery pack structure optimization.

[0215] This application provides a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the method as described in the foregoing embodiments.

[0216] Based on the above implementation method, comb wave generators are arranged in multiple test areas of the electrical compartment of the battery pack under test, and the signals emitted by the comb wave generators are received by receiving antennas to realize excitation-type testing inside the battery pack. This simulates the distribution characteristics of internal high-frequency electromagnetic interference in the actual use of the battery pack under test, accurately obtains the shielding effectiveness of different test areas of the battery pack under test against high-frequency electromagnetic interference, and on this basis, the battery management system is installed in the test area with the strongest shielding effectiveness, effectively reducing the impact of high-frequency electromagnetic interference on the battery management system, thereby improving the accuracy of battery pack structure optimization.

[0217] This application provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method as described in the foregoing embodiments.

[0218] Based on the above implementation method, comb wave generators are arranged in multiple test areas of the electrical compartment of the battery pack under test, and the signals emitted by the comb wave generators are received by receiving antennas to realize excitation-type testing inside the battery pack. This simulates the distribution characteristics of internal high-frequency electromagnetic interference in the actual use of the battery pack under test, accurately obtains the shielding effectiveness of different test areas of the battery pack under test against high-frequency electromagnetic interference, and on this basis, the battery management system is installed in the test area with the strongest shielding effectiveness, effectively reducing the impact of high-frequency electromagnetic interference on the battery management system, thereby improving the accuracy of battery pack structure optimization.

[0219] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the foregoing method embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the described order of actions, as some steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously according to this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are all optional embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to this application.

[0220] It should be further noted that although the steps in the flowchart are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps; they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowchart may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages, which do not necessarily complete at the same time but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these sub-steps or stages is also not necessarily sequential but can be alternated or carried out in turn with other steps or at least some of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0221] It should be understood that the above-described device embodiments are merely illustrative, and the device of this application can also be implemented in other ways. For example, the division of units / modules in the above embodiments is only a logical functional division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units, modules, or components may be combined, or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed.

[0222] Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, the functional units / modules in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one unit / module, or each unit / module can exist physically separately, or two or more units / modules can be integrated together. The integrated units / modules described above can be implemented in hardware or as software program modules.

[0223] When integrated units / modules are implemented in hardware, the hardware can be digital circuits, analog circuits, etc. The physical implementation of the hardware structure includes, but is not limited to, transistors, memristors, etc. The processor can be any suitable hardware processor, such as CPU, GPU, FPGA, DSP, and ASIC. The storage unit can be any suitable magnetic or magneto-optical storage medium, such as Resistive Random Access Memory (RRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Enhanced Dynamic Random Access Memory (EDRAM), High-Bandwidth Memory (HBM), Hybrid Memory Cube (HMC), etc.

[0224] If the integrated unit / module is implemented as a software program module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage device (CMD). Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to related technologies, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a memory and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned memory includes various media capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), portable hard drive, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0225] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have their own emphasis. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments. The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as the combination of these technical features does not contradict each other, it should be considered within the scope of this specification.

[0226] Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this application are indicated by the claims.

[0227] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery pack structure optimization system, characterized in that, A battery pack structure optimization system is used to determine the target area; the battery pack structure optimization system includes a comb wave generator, an insulating support, a receiving antenna, and testing equipment. The insulating support is fixed to the test platform, the receiving antenna is connected to the testing equipment, and the comb wave generator, insulating support, and receiving antenna are located in a semi-anechoic chamber. The target area is used to indicate the installation location of the battery management system in the battery pack under test, and the target area is determined in the following way: The comb wave generator is fixed to the insulating support and the comb wave generator is started. The first signal collected by the receiving antenna is tested by the testing equipment to obtain the shielding effectiveness reference value. The first signal is the signal generated by the comb wave generator. The battery pack under test is fixed to the insulating support, and multiple test areas of the electrical compartment of the battery pack under test are determined. The comb wave generator is arranged at preset positions in the multiple test areas and the comb wave generator is activated. The multiple second signals collected by the receiving antenna are tested by the test equipment to obtain multiple measured values ​​of shielding effectiveness. The multiple second signals are the signals generated by the comb wave generator in each test area. The difference between the shielding effectiveness benchmark value and each measured shielding effectiveness value is calculated to obtain multiple shielding effectiveness values. The target area is then determined based on the multiple shielding effectiveness values.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of fixing the comb wave generator to the insulating support specifically includes: The electromagnetic signals in the semi-anechoic chamber collected by the receiving antenna are tested using the test equipment to obtain electromagnetic noise floor data. When the electromagnetic noise floor data is less than or equal to the preset noise floor data, the comb wave generator is fixed to the insulating support.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of starting the comb wave generator specifically includes: Determine the electromagnetic interference frequency band and electromagnetic interference spectral density corresponding to the battery pack under test; Based on the electromagnetic interference frequency band range, a test frequency band range is determined, wherein the test frequency band range covers the electromagnetic interference frequency band range; The scanning step size is determined based on the electromagnetic interference spectral density. The comb wave generator is controlled to operate based on the test frequency band coverage and the scanning step size.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of determining the scanning step size based on the electromagnetic interference spectral density specifically includes: The overall electromagnetic interference frequency band interval corresponding to the battery pack under test is segmented and divided to obtain multiple continuous and non-overlapping subdivided frequency bands; The corresponding scanning step size is determined based on the electromagnetic interference spectrum density corresponding to each sub-band.

5. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of determining the electromagnetic interference frequency band and electromagnetic interference spectral density corresponding to the battery pack under test specifically includes: Determine the battery pack identifier of the battery pack under test; Generate a database query request based on the battery pack identifier; The database query request is used to query the database to obtain the electromagnetic interference frequency band range and electromagnetic interference spectrum density. The database pre-stores multiple sample battery pack identifiers and the sample electromagnetic interference frequency band range and sample electromagnetic interference spectrum density corresponding to each sample battery pack identifier.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of testing multiple second signals acquired by the receiving antenna using the testing equipment to obtain multiple measured shielding effectiveness values ​​specifically includes: Each time the comb wave generator switches test areas, the timing sequence of the comb wave generator and the timing sequence of the receiving antenna are aligned, and the measured value of the shielding effectiveness corresponding to the current test area is obtained by testing with the test equipment. The testing continues until all test areas are completed, and the measured values ​​of the multiple shielding effectiveness are obtained.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the target area based on the plurality of shielding effectiveness values ​​specifically includes: By removing extreme values ​​from the plurality of shielding effectiveness values, a plurality of effective shielding effectiveness values ​​are obtained; Determine the average of the multiple effective shielding performance values; The target area is determined based on the multiple effective shielding performance values ​​and the average value.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The step of determining the target area based on the plurality of effective shielding effectiveness values ​​and the average value specifically includes: Calculate the difference between each effective shielding performance value and the mean value to obtain multiple performance value differences; If any performance value difference is greater than or equal to a preset difference, repeat the following steps: The structure of the battery pack under test is iteratively arranged to obtain the arranged battery pack. Until the differences in multiple performance values ​​of the battery pack after the arrangement are all less than the preset difference, the test area with the highest shielding performance value of the battery pack after the arrangement is determined as the target area.

9. The system according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Before testing the signal generated by the comb wave generator acquired by the receiving antenna using the test equipment, the battery pack structure optimization system is further configured to perform the following steps: Determine the preset fluctuation range corresponding to the battery pack under test; The comb wave generator is subjected to continuous power supply preprocessing; The test equipment was powered on and preheated. The test equipment continuously acquires and tests the signal of the comb wave generator until the baseline spectral amplitude of the signal is within the preset fluctuation range, thus completing the preprocessing.

10. A method for optimizing the structure of a battery pack, characterized in that, include: The comb wave generator is fixed on the insulating support and the comb wave generator is started. The first signal collected by the receiving antenna is tested by the test equipment to obtain the shielding effectiveness reference value. The first signal is the signal generated by the comb wave generator. The battery pack to be tested is fixed on the insulating support, and multiple test areas of the electrical compartment of the battery pack to be tested are determined. The comb wave generator is arranged at preset positions in the multiple test areas and the comb wave generator is activated. The multiple second signals collected by the receiving antenna are tested by the test equipment to obtain multiple measured values ​​of shielding effectiveness. The multiple second signals are the signals generated by the comb wave generator in each test area. The difference between the shielding effectiveness benchmark value and each measured shielding effectiveness value is calculated to obtain multiple shielding effectiveness values. The target area is then determined based on the multiple shielding effectiveness values.

11. A battery pack, characterized in that, It includes at least battery cells and a battery management system, the location of which in the battery pack is determined by the structural optimization system of the battery pack according to any one of claims 1-9.

12. An electric vehicle, characterized in that, It includes at least the battery pack as described in claim 11.

13. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, It includes at least the battery pack as described in claim 11.

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