A display panel, a three-dimensional display device and a head-up display device

Abstract

The application provides a display panel, a three-dimensional display device and a head-up display device. The display panel comprises a plurality of pixels, the plurality of pixels are arranged along a first direction and a second direction, the first direction intersects the second direction, an arrangement period of the pixels along the first direction is P1, and an arrangement period of the pixels along the second direction is P2. Embodiments of the application reduce the possibility that light emitted by the pixels reaches both eyes at the same time, reduce light crosstalk, and improve the display effect when the display panel is used as an image source for three-dimensional display.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of display technology, and more particularly to a display panel, a three-dimensional display device, and a head-up display device. Background Technology

[0002] Field-sequential liquid crystal displays (LCDs) can serve as the image source for head-up displays (HUDs). LCDs achieve color display through temporal color mixing, eliminating the need for a color filter and significantly improving luminous efficiency. Prism components can be positioned on the light-emitting side of the LCD panel to modulate the direction of the light beams emitted by the pixels, directing images from different viewing angles to the observer's left and right eyes respectively. This creates a 3D virtual image with a sense of depth in front of the driver, displaying information such as vehicle speed and navigation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a display panel, a three-dimensional display device, and a head-up display device, which reduces the possibility of light emitted by pixels reaching both eyes at the same time, reduces light crosstalk, and improves the display effect when the field sequence display panel is used as an image source for three-dimensional display.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a display panel including a plurality of pixels, the plurality of pixels being arranged along a first direction and a second direction, the first direction and the second direction intersecting; the arrangement period of the pixels along the first direction is... The pixel arrangement period along the second direction is , , .

[0005] Optional, .

[0006] Optionally, a substrate may also be included, with the pixels located on one side of the substrate; A pixel includes a pixel electrode, and there is a first gap between two adjacent pixel electrodes along the second direction. The axisymmetric line of the first gap projected onto the substrate is the first axisymmetric line. There is a second gap between two adjacent pixel electrodes along the first direction. The axisymmetric line of the second gap projected onto the substrate is the second axisymmetric line. The area enclosed by the intersection of the first axisymmetric line and the second axisymmetric line defines the boundary of the pixel. The boundary of a pixel includes a first pixel edge, which extends along a first direction.

[0007] Optionally, the boundaries of a pixel can be rectangular or parallelogram-shaped.

[0008] Optionally, the pixel includes an opening region and a non-opening region, with the non-opening region surrounding the opening region; The maximum length of the opening region along the first direction is The maximum length of the opening region along the second direction is , , .

[0009] Optional, .

[0010] Optionally, the pixel includes an opening region and a non-opening region, with the non-opening region surrounding the opening region; The boundary of a pixel also includes a second pixel edge, and the first pixel edge and the second pixel edge are connected; the outline of the opening region includes a first opening edge and a second opening edge; The first pixel edge is parallel to the first opening edge, and the second pixel edge is parallel to the second opening edge.

[0011] Optionally, the outline of the opening area may also include a third opening edge, which connects the first opening edge and the second opening edge. The third opening edge constitutes the chamfered structure set at the corner of the opening area.

[0012] Optionally, the third opening edge can be a straight line segment or a curved segment.

[0013] Optionally, the pixel includes a pixel electrode, and the maximum length of the pixel electrode along the first direction is... The maximum length of the pixel electrode along the second direction is , , .

[0014] Optionally, the resolution of the display panel along the first direction is more than five times the resolution of the display panel along the second direction.

[0015] Optionally, it may include multiple data lines that provide data signals to multiple pixels arranged in a second direction; The data line includes a first sub-data line and a second sub-data line, which are located in different metal film layers and are electrically connected.

[0016] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a three-dimensional display device, including a display panel as described in any of the first aspects and a lenticular grating, wherein the lenticular grating is located on the light-emitting display side of the display panel and the lenticular grating includes a plurality of prisms.

[0017] Optionally, the arrangement period of the prisms along the first direction is: , , .

[0018] Optionally, the prism extends along a third direction; The display panel also includes a substrate, with pixels located on one side of the substrate; A pixel includes a pixel electrode, and a second gap exists between two adjacent pixel electrodes along a first direction. The axisymmetric line of the second gap projected onto the substrate is a second axisymmetric line, and the angle between the extension direction of the second axisymmetric line and the third direction is [value missing]. , .

[0019] Optionally, the pixel includes an opening region and a non-opening region, with the non-opening region surrounding the opening region; The maximum length of the opening region along the first direction is The maximum length of the opening region along the second direction is , .

[0020] Optional, .

[0021] Optionally, the pixel includes an opening region and a non-opening region, with the non-opening region surrounding the opening region; The maximum length of the opening region along the first direction is The maximum length of the opening region along the second direction is When the opening region is sandwiched between two envelope lines parallel to the third direction, the distance between the two envelope lines along the first direction is... , .

[0022] Optionally, the second direction is parallel to the third direction.

[0023] Optionally, the arrangement period of the prisms along the first direction is: The prism extends along a third direction; the pixel includes an opening region and a non-opening region, with the non-opening region surrounding the opening region; When the opening region is sandwiched between two envelopes parallel to a third direction, the distance between the two envelopes along the first direction is... The width of the main viewing area formed by the 3D display device on the observer's face is , , .

[0024] Optionally, a timing backlight is also included, located on the side of the display panel away from the lenticular lens grating, which emits backlight beams of different colors in a time-division manner.

[0025] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide a head-up display device, including a three-dimensional display device according to any one of the second aspects, and at least one reflector located on the light-emitting path of the three-dimensional display device for projecting the imaging beam emitted by the three-dimensional display device onto the imaging element.

[0026] This invention provides a display panel that uses an aspect ratio of k≥5 to make the pixels narrow and elongated. The physical width of the pixels in the first direction is significantly reduced, thereby reducing the width of the observation area formed after the light beam emitted by the pixel is deflected by the prism. This reduces the probability that light rays emitted from the same pixel will reach both eyes at the same time, thereby suppressing light crosstalk and improving the display effect when the display panel is used as an image source for three-dimensional display. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a three-dimensional display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view structural diagram of a three-dimensional display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a top view of another three-dimensional display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top view structural diagram of a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a three-dimensional display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the field of view optical path of a three-dimensional display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a top view schematic diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 For along Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of AA'; Figure 9 This is a top view schematic diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a top view schematic diagram of a pixel structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a top view schematic diagram of another pixel structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a top view schematic diagram of another pixel structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a top view schematic diagram of another pixel structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 14 For along Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of BB'; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of a planar projection of a display panel and a lenticular lens grating provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 16A schematic diagram of a planar projection of another display panel and a lenticular lens grating provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the field of view optical path of another three-dimensional display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 18 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a three-dimensional display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a head-up display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 20 A schematic diagram of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path of a head-up display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a three-dimensional display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to... Figure 1 The three-dimensional display device includes a display panel 100 and a lenticular lens 200. The lenticular lens 200 is located on the light-emitting display side of the display panel 100, and the lenticular lens 200 includes a prism 210. Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a single prism 210; in reality, the lenticular lens grating 200 may include multiple prisms 210. Each prism 210 may include... Figure 1 The spherical prism shown may also include an aspherical prism. The display panel 100 includes a plurality of pixels 10. Figure 1 The illustration uses a prism 210 corresponding to three pixels 10 along the first direction X as an example, but it is not limited to this. "A prism 210 corresponding to three pixels 10 along the first direction X" means that a prism 210 covers three pixels 10 along the first direction X. Different pixels 10 are located at different positions on the prism 210 along the first direction X, and the light beams emitted from different pixels 10 are deflected in different directions by the prism 210. By controlling the pixels 10 with different light emission directions, for example, the pixels 10 corresponding to light beams deflected at various angles to the left can display the left-eye image, and the pixels 10 corresponding to light beams deflected at various angles to the right can display the right-eye image. This allows the left-eye image beam to be projected onto the observer's left eye, and the right-eye image beam to be projected onto the observer's right eye, thereby achieving naked-eye 3D display.

[0030] Figure 2This is a top view structural diagram of a three-dimensional display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to... Figure 2 The 3D display device includes a lenticular lens grating 200, which includes a prism 210. Figure 2 In the example shown, the first direction X is not perpendicular to the extension direction of prism 210, but forms an acute angle. In other examples, the first direction X and the extension direction of prism 210 may also be perpendicular to each other. The area covered by prism 210 (i.e., the area between the thin double-dotted lines in the illustration) is divided along the first direction X, with each sub-section having the same extension direction as prism 210. Figure 2 The diagram uses six sub-regions as an example. These six sub-regions are sub-region 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, and 206. Sub-regions 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, and 206 are located at different positions on prism 210. The light beams emitted from these sub-regions are deflected in different directions by prism 210. Prism 210 guides the light beams emitted from these sub-regions to six different observation areas. It is understandable that if the area covered by prism 210 is divided into J sub-regions along the first direction X, then prism 210 will direct the light beams emitted from the J sub-regions to J different observation areas. J is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0031] To achieve glasses-free 3D display, two main technical approaches exist: multi-viewpoint rendering and two-viewpoint rendering. In multi-viewpoint rendering, the display panel 100 displays content from multiple different angles, correspondingly forming multiple view zones within the main viewing area. For example, if the display panel 100 displays content from six different angles, pixels 10 in the first sub-partition 201 display content from the first angle, pixels 10 in the second sub-partition 202 display content from the second angle, pixels 10 in the third sub-partition 203 display content from the third angle, pixels 10 in the fourth sub-partition 204 display content from the fourth angle, pixels 10 in the fifth sub-partition 205 display content from the fifth angle, and pixels 10 in the sixth sub-partition 206 display content from the sixth angle. This forms six view zones within the main viewing area. In two-viewpoint rendering, the display panel 100 displays content from two different angles, correspondingly forming two view zones within the main viewing area: the left-eye view zone and the right-eye view zone. For example, the display panel 100 displays content from two different angles. Pixels 10 in the first sub-partition 201, the second sub-partition 202, and the third sub-partition 203 display content from the first angle, correspondingly forming the left eye viewing area within the main viewing area. Pixels 10 in the fourth sub-partition 204, the fifth sub-partition 205, and the sixth sub-partition 206 display content from the second angle, correspondingly forming the right eye viewing area within the main viewing area.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a top view schematic diagram of another three-dimensional display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to... Figure 3 The display panel 100 is a field-sequential liquid crystal display panel, and no color filter is provided in the display panel 100. The field-sequential liquid crystal display panel, in conjunction with RGB sequential backlighting, displays RGB three-color field images sequentially, and achieves color mixing by utilizing the persistence of vision effect. The display panel 100 adopts a square pixel structure, and the pixels 10 have the same size in the first direction X and the second direction Y. This design originates from the traditional two-dimensional display requirements. However, when the display panel 100 is used as an image source for three-dimensional display, the size of the pixels 10 in the first direction X is relatively large. The beam of light emitted by the pixels 10, after being deflected by the prism 210, forms a wider viewing area, causing the light emitted by the same pixel 10 to enter both the left and right eyes, resulting in light crosstalk and poor display effect.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a top view structural diagram of a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to... Figure 4This invention provides a display panel 100, which includes a plurality of pixels 10 arranged along a first direction X and a second direction Y, wherein the first direction X and the second direction Y intersect. In one example, the first direction X and the second direction Y are perpendicular to each other; in another example, the first direction X and the second direction Y are not perpendicular, but form an acute angle or an obtuse angle. The arrangement period of the pixels 10 along the first direction X is... The arrangement period of pixel 10 along the second direction Y is . , .

[0034] This invention provides a display panel 100, which, through an aspect ratio design of k≥5, makes the pixel 10 a narrow strip shape. The physical width of the pixel 10 in the first direction X is significantly reduced, thereby reducing the width of the observation area formed after the light beam emitted by the pixel 10 is deflected by the prism 210. This reduces the probability that the light emitted from the same pixel 10 will reach both eyes at the same time, thereby suppressing light crosstalk and improving the display effect of the display panel 100 as an image source for three-dimensional display, thus suppressing the light crosstalk phenomenon in three-dimensional display.

[0035] Wherein, the first direction X corresponds to the direction of the line connecting the observer's two eyes, and the first direction X is horizontal. The prism 210 deflects the light beam emitted by the pixel 10 in the horizontal or near-horizontal direction, thereby splitting the light in the horizontal or near-horizontal direction, so as to project the left eye image beam to the observer's left eye and the right eye image beam to the observer's right eye, thus realizing naked-eye 3D display.

[0036] Furthermore, .on the one hand, This further reduces the physical width of pixel 10 in the first direction X, decreasing the probability that light rays emitted from the same pixel 10 will simultaneously reach both eyes, thereby suppressing light crosstalk. On the other hand, The aspect ratio of pixel 10 is controlled to prevent it from becoming too large, thus adapting to the setup of the driving circuit and the routing of the pixel 10, reducing the difficulty of setting up the driving circuit and routing. Furthermore, if the width of pixel 10 along the first direction X is too small, the routing space for traces extending along or near the second direction Y, which provide signals to pixel 10, is significantly limited, resulting in reduced trace width and increased impedance. This embodiment of the invention prevents the aspect ratio of pixel 10 from becoming too large, provides more routing space for the traces, and reduces the impedance of the traces.

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a three-dimensional display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to... Figure 5The fourth direction Z is the direction perpendicular to the plane where the display panel 100 is located. Figure 5 The portion indicated by the middle arrow shows the cross-sectional structure of the 3D display device. An embodiment of the present invention provides a 3D display device including a display panel 100 and a lenticular lens grating 200. The lenticular lens grating 200 is located on the light-emitting display side of the display panel 100 and includes multiple prisms 210. A portion of the pixels 10 in the display panel 100 emit a left-eye image beam, while another portion of the pixels 10 emit a right-eye image beam. The lenticular lens grating 200 is positioned along the propagation paths of the left-eye and right-eye image beams, enabling it to deflect and split the beams emitted from different pixels 10 at different angles, projecting the left-eye image beam to the observer's left eye and the right-eye image beam to the observer's right eye, thereby achieving naked-eye 3D display.

[0038] The image displayed on the display panel 100 is split along the first direction X or close to the first direction X by the lenticular lens grating 200, but not along the second direction Y or close to the second direction Y. The virtual pixels formed after the light is split by the lenticular lens grating 200 are called 3D pixels. The arrangement period of the prisms 210 along the first direction X is... The arrangement period of 3D pixels along the first direction X is equal to or approximately equal to The arrangement period of 3D pixels along the second direction Y is equal to... To balance the 3D resolution in the first X direction and the second Y direction, it is possible to set... Equal to or approximately equal to The 3D display device forms a main viewing area on the observer's face. Within this main viewing area, the 3D display device has N beams of light at different angles, correspondingly, it has N viewpoints. N is the number of pixels 10 covered below the same prism 210 in a row. That is: .because Equal to or approximately equal to .but Equal to or approximately equal to .

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the field of view optical path of a three-dimensional display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to... Figure 6 The dashed box represents a 3D display device. The distance between the pupils of both eyes is... The width of the main viewing area formed by the 3D display device on the observer's face is To ensure continuity of view angle, the number of viewpoints within the interpupillary distance must be greater than or equal to 3, so that the user experiences no jumps in viewing, thus satisfying the requirement. To suppress crosstalk and minimize it, the following conditions are typically met. The derivation yields... .because Equal to or approximately equal to Therefore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the following is taken: By reducing the probability of light rays emitted from the same pixel 10 reaching both eyes simultaneously, it also ensures at least three viewpoints within the interpupillary distance coverage area, improving the continuity of the image angle; and it balances the three-dimensional resolution of the three-dimensional display device composed of the display panel 100 in the first direction X and the second direction Y. This improves the display effect.

[0040] Based on this, a better option is preferred. The more viewpoints there are, the more subtle and smooth the transition between adjacent viewpoints becomes. As the user's eyes move through space, the image transitions become smoother, reducing or even eliminating any sense of lag. However, the more viewpoints there are, the lower the spatial resolution of each viewpoint usually becomes, and the higher the manufacturing difficulty and cost. Therefore, a value of 10 to 15 is a proven engineering balance between a continuous experience and maintaining sufficient resolution, achieving a smooth and continuous viewing effect at a reasonable cost.

[0041] It should be noted that the aspect ratio of pixel 10 as defined in this application refers to the ratio of the period of pixel 10 in the first direction X to the period in the second direction Y, and the period of pixel 10 includes the opening region 11 and the non-opening region 12 of pixel 10; rather than being limited to the size of the opening region 11 of pixel 10. The aspect ratio of the opening region 11 of pixel 10 may be the same as the aspect ratio of pixel 10, or the aspect ratio of the opening region 11 of pixel 10 may be different from the aspect ratio of pixel 10.

[0042] This application achieves a balanced configuration of three-dimensional resolution in the first direction X and the second direction Y by limiting the period ratio of pixel 10, and also optimizes the number of viewing angles to meet the requirements. If only the aspect ratio of the opening area 11 is limited, it only constrains the size of the light-emitting window inside pixel 10, without affecting the peripheral non-opening area 12. This method essentially only optimizes the beam shape of light emitted by a single pixel 10. However, this method cannot guarantee that there are at least three viewpoints within the interpupillary distance coverage area, and cannot balance the three-dimensional resolution of the three-dimensional display device in the first direction X and the second direction Y.

[0043] Figure 7 This is a top view schematic diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 For along Figure 7A cross-sectional structural diagram of AA' is shown; the display panel 100 also includes a substrate 101, and the pixel 10 is located on one side of the substrate 101; the pixel 10 includes a pixel electrode 13, and along the second direction Y, there is a first gap G1 between two adjacent pixel electrodes 13, and the axisymmetric line of the first gap G1 projected onto the substrate 101 is the first axisymmetric line D1. Along the first direction X, there is a second gap G2 between two adjacent pixel electrodes 13, and the axisymmetric line of the second gap G2 projected onto the substrate 101 is the second axisymmetric line D2. The area enclosed by the intersection of the first axisymmetric line D1 and the second axisymmetric line D2 defines the boundary of the pixel 10; the pixel 10 is located within the area enclosed by the intersection of the first axisymmetric line D1 and the second axisymmetric line D2. The boundary of the pixel 10 includes a first pixel edge L1, which extends along the first direction X.

[0044] For example, the first pixel edge L1 is located on the second axis of symmetry D2. The arrangement period of the pixel electrodes 13 along the first direction X is... Along the first direction X, the distance between the geometric centers of two adjacent pixel electrodes 13 is The arrangement period of the pixel electrodes 13 along the second direction Y is... Along the second direction Y, the distance between the geometric centers of two adjacent pixel electrodes 13 is .

[0045] It should be noted that the boundary of pixel 10 is a virtual boundary, not a physical boundary. The boundary of pixel 10 is defined by the area enclosed by the intersection of the first axial symmetry line D1 and the second axial symmetry line D2. Since the first axial symmetry line D1 and the second axial symmetry line D2 can be uniquely determined based on the position of the pixel electrode 13, the boundary of pixel 10 can be uniquely determined by the position of the pixel electrode 13. Because the boundary of pixel 10 is a virtual boundary, the first pixel edge L1 is a virtual boundary, not a physical boundary. To illustrate the boundaries of each pixel 10, the boundaries of each pixel 10 are indicated by lines in several of the accompanying drawings of this invention.

[0046] Figure 9 This is a top view schematic diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention; see reference. Figures 7-9 The display panel 100 also includes multiple scan lines 130 and multiple data lines 110. The scan lines 130 extend along a first direction X and are arranged along a second direction Y. The data lines 110 extend along the second direction Y and are arranged along the first direction X. One scan line 130 is electrically connected to a plurality of pixels 10 arranged along the first direction X, and one data line 110 is electrically connected to a plurality of pixels 10 arranged along the second direction Y. Specifically, the display panel 100 also includes a driving circuit 16. Figure 8Only one thin-film transistor is shown in the diagram of the driving circuit 16. The driving circuit 16 may include one or more thin-film transistors and may also include a storage capacitor. Since the driving circuit 16 can employ a known structure, it will not be described in detail in this embodiment. Both the scan line 130 and the data line 110 can be connected to the driving circuit 16 and electrically connected to the pixel 10 through the driving circuit 16, thereby controlling the light-emitting state of the pixel 10. Specifically, the driving circuit 16 is electrically connected to the pixel electrode 13 of the pixel 10, and controls the light-emitting state of the pixel 10 by changing the voltage and / or current of the pixel electrode 13.

[0047] For example, refer to Figures 7-9 The display panel 100 further includes a first polarizer 15, a liquid crystal layer 30, a common electrode 28, a black matrix 29, a color filter substrate 26, and a second polarizer 25. The liquid crystal layer 30 is located between the substrate 101 and the color filter substrate 26. The liquid crystal layer 30 includes liquid crystal molecules. The common electrode 28 is disposed on the color filter substrate 26, and is located between the color filter substrate 26 and the liquid crystal layer 30. In other embodiments, the common electrode 28 may also be disposed on the substrate 101. The black matrix 29 is located between the color filter substrate 26 and the liquid crystal layer 30. The first polarizer 15 is located on the side of the substrate 101 away from the liquid crystal layer 30, and the second polarizer 25 is located on the side of the color filter substrate 26 away from the liquid crystal layer 30.

[0048] Figure 10 This is a top view schematic diagram of a pixel structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to... Figures 7-10 The boundary of pixel 10 is rectangular. The boundary of pixel 10 includes a first pixel edge L1, which extends along a first direction X. In the rectangular pixel 10, the first pixel edge L1 is either the bottom edge or the top edge of pixel 10. By further defining the outline of pixel 10 as rectangular, this embodiment of the invention reduces the difficulty of pixel 10 layout design and the manufacturing difficulty of display panel 100.

[0049] Figure 11 This is a top view schematic diagram of another pixel structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to... Figure 10 and Figure 11The boundary of pixel 10 is a parallelogram. In the lenticular lens grating 200, the prism 210 can be configured to extend along the second direction Y. The extension direction of the prism 210 is parallel to the second direction Y, and there is no tilt angle between the extension direction of the prism 210 and the second direction Y, reducing the difficulty and error of fitting the lenticular lens grating 200; it also simplifies the assembly and alignment process of the lenticular lens grating 200. On the other hand, the light-emitting fan of pixel 10 extends vertically, and the beam-splitting direction of the prism 210 is consistent with the direction connecting the two eyes, further reducing the risk of light crosstalk; moreover, the extension direction of the prism 210 being parallel to the second direction Y simplifies the rendering logic, eliminating the need for complex tilt angle compensation algorithms and reducing the requirements for image processing.

[0050] Optionally, refer to Figures 7-11 Pixel 10 includes an opening region 11 and a non-opening region 12, with the non-opening region 12 surrounding the opening region 11. Pixel 10 includes a black matrix 29, which includes grid lines and black matrix openings. The arrangement of the grid lines of the black matrix 29 forms multiple black matrix openings, which define the opening region 11 of pixel 10. The grid lines of the black matrix 29 correspond to the non-opening regions 12 of pixel 10. Along the second direction Y, the grid lines between two adjacent opening regions 11 are symmetrical about a first axis of symmetry D1; along the first direction X, the grid lines between two adjacent opening regions 11 are symmetrical about a second axis of symmetry D2. The maximum length of the opening region 11 along the first direction X is... The maximum length of the opening region 11 along the second direction Y is , , .

[0051] In this embodiment of the invention, the opening region 11 is a narrow, elongated strip, and its physical width in the first direction X is significantly reduced, thereby decreasing the probability that light rays emitted from the same pixel 10 will simultaneously reach both eyes, reducing light crosstalk. On the other hand, the shape of the opening region 11 is similar to the shape of the boundary of the pixel 10, thus allowing the space of the pixel 10 to be utilized to set the opening region 11 as large as possible, increasing its area and aperture ratio. It is understood that the shape of the boundary of the pixel 10 limits the maximum usable space for setting the opening region 11, and the opening region 11 needs to be designed within the boundary of the pixel 10 in terms of its shape and area. Reducing the physical width of the pixel 10 in the first direction X also reduces the physical width of the opening region 11 in the first direction X, thereby reducing the probability that light rays emitted from the same pixel 10 will simultaneously reach both eyes.

[0052] Optionally, Further reducing the physical width of the opening region 11 in the first direction X reduces the probability that light rays emitted from the same pixel 10 will simultaneously reach both eyes, thereby suppressing light crosstalk.

[0053] It should be noted that in some embodiments, the shape of the opening area 11 may not be similar to the shape of the boundary of the pixel 10. For example, the opening area 11 may be set as a square, or even set as... Less than However, this does not affect the narrow and elongated design of the Pixel 10, nor does it affect the beneficial effects brought about by the narrow and elongated design of the Pixel 10.

[0054] Pixel 10 includes an aperture region 11 and a non-aperture region 12, with the non-aperture region 12 surrounding the aperture region 11; the arrangement period of the aperture region 11 along the first direction X is... Along the first direction X, the distance between the geometric centers of two adjacent opening regions 11 is The arrangement period of opening region 11 along the second direction Y is... Along the second direction Y, the distance between the geometric centers of two adjacent opening regions 11 is The opening area 11 can be understood as the light-transmitting area in pixel 10 that actually allows light to pass through and participate in image display. The opening area 11 is used to determine the effective light-emitting area and light-emitting characteristics of pixel 10, which directly affects the display brightness and resolution. The non-opening area 12 can be understood as the light-blocking or light-blocking area in pixel 10. The non-opening area 12 is used to isolate adjacent opening areas 11 and prevent light leakage.

[0055] Prism 210 extends along the third direction Y1; when the opening region 11 is held by two envelopes (dashed lines in the diagram) parallel to the third direction Y1, the distance between the two envelopes along the first direction X is... . The widening of the opening region 11 along the first direction X, The larger the aperture area 11 is, the wider it is along the first direction X, and the wider the observation area formed after the light beam emitted by the pixel 10 is deflected by the prism 210. The smaller the value, the smaller the widening of the opening region 11 along the first direction X, and the smaller the width of the observation area formed after the light beam emitted by the pixel 10 is deflected by the prism 210; one design objective of this embodiment of the invention is to reduce... The value.

[0056] In an optional embodiment, pixel 10 includes an opening region 11 and a non-opening region 12, with the non-opening region 12 surrounding the opening region 11. The boundary of pixel 10 includes a first pixel edge L1 and a second pixel edge L2, which are connected. The outline of the opening region 11 includes a first opening edge L3 and a second opening edge L4. The first pixel edge L1 is parallel to the first opening edge L3, and the second pixel edge L2 is parallel to the second opening edge L4. The first opening edge L3 and the second opening edge L4 can be understood as two intersecting edges in the outline of the opening region 11 of pixel 10. By ensuring the parallelism between the pixel edges (including the first pixel edge L1 and the second pixel edge L2) and the opening edges (including the first opening edge L3 and the second opening edge L4), the opening region 11 maintains an orientation consistent with the outline of pixel 10 within pixel 10. This avoids a reduction in the effective light-emitting area caused by the tilting of the opening region 11, and helps ensure that the large aspect ratio of the opening region 11 is realized within the outline of pixel 10, thereby ensuring the stability and consistency of crosstalk suppression in three-dimensional display.

[0057] Continue to refer to Figure 10 In the rectangle of pixels 10, the first pixel edge L1 is the bottom edge of pixel 10, and the second pixel edge L2 is the side edge of pixel 10, and the two are perpendicular. Correspondingly, the first opening edge L3 of the opening area 11 is parallel to the first pixel edge L1, and the second opening edge L4 is parallel to the second pixel edge L2.

[0058] Continue to refer to Figure 11 In the parallelogram pixel 10, the first pixel edge L1 is one of the slanted edges of pixel 10, and the second pixel edge L2 is the other slanted edge, and the two intersect. Correspondingly, the first opening edge L3 of the opening region 11 is parallel to the first pixel edge L1, and the second opening edge L4 is parallel to the second pixel edge L2.

[0059] Figure 12 This is a top view schematic diagram of another pixel structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention. In an optional embodiment, refer to... Figure 12 The outer contour of the opening area 11 also includes a third opening edge L5, which connects the first opening edge L3 and the second opening edge L4; the third opening edge L5 constitutes the chamfer structure set at the corner of the opening area 11.

[0060] Specifically, the chamfered structure is used to optimize the shape of the opening region 11, further reducing the widening of the opening region 11 along the first direction X, and reducing... The value of the chamfered structure reduces the probability that light from a single pixel 10 will simultaneously reach both eyes, thus suppressing crosstalk in the 3D display. By modifying the shape of the opening area 11, the chamfered structure can effectively reduce the widening of the opening area 11 along the first direction X without significantly increasing the width of the non-opening area 12.

[0061] Optionally, refer to Figure 12 The third opening edge L5 includes a straight line segment. When the third opening edge L5 is a straight line segment, the chamfer structure is a straight line cut, that is, the corner of the opening area 11 is cut off by a slanted straight line. This shape has the advantages of simple mask design and easy process control, and is suitable for conventional processes.

[0062] Figure 13 This is a top view schematic diagram of another pixel structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention. In an optional embodiment, the third opening edge L5 includes a curved segment. When the third opening edge L5 is a curved segment, the chamfer structure presents an arc or rounded corner shape. The curved chamfer can further reduce the light diffraction effect at the corner, making the edge of the opening area 11 smoother, which is beneficial to improving the directional distribution of the light emitted from the pixel 10.

[0063] In one specific embodiment, reference is made to Figure 12 The extension direction of the third opening edge L5 is parallel to the extension direction of the cylindrical lens grating 200, which makes the chamfered edge of the opening region 11 consistent with the extension direction of the prism 210. This helps to further reduce the widening of the opening region 11 along the first direction X, and reduce... The values ​​are adjusted while maintaining the shape of the opening region 11 to match the beam splitting direction of the prism 210, thereby achieving a balance between brightness, dark fringe suppression and crosstalk suppression.

[0064] In an alternative embodiment, reference is made to... Figure 7 Pixel 10 includes pixel electrode 13, and the maximum length of pixel electrode 13 along the first direction X is The maximum length of the pixel electrode 13 along the second direction Y is , , The pixel electrode 13 can be understood as a conductive electrode used to drive the deflection of liquid crystal molecules in the display panel 100. It generates an electric field in the liquid crystal layer 30 when a voltage is applied, controlling the light transmittance of the pixel 10 to achieve grayscale display. The shape of the pixel electrode 13 is adapted to the shape of the opening region 11 and / or the shape of the pixel 10. The shape of the pixel electrode 13 is similar to the shape of the opening region 11 and / or the shape of the pixel 10, thus utilizing the space of the pixel 10 to set the pixel electrode 13 adapted to the opening region 11. It is understood that the shape of the boundary of the pixel 10 limits the maximum usable space for setting the pixel electrode 13, and the shape and area of ​​the pixel electrode 13 need to be designed within the boundary of the pixel 10. Reducing the physical width of the pixel 10 in the first direction X results in a corresponding reduction in the physical width of the pixel electrode 13 in the first direction X.

[0065] Specifically, by designing the pixel electrode 13 to have a large aspect ratio shape that matches the large aspect ratio shape of the opening area 11, it can be ensured that the entire driving area and light-transmitting area of ​​the pixel 10 have a narrow shape feature, thereby synergistically reducing the widening of the opening area 11 along the first direction X and improving the crosstalk suppression effect of the three-dimensional display.

[0066] Furthermore, .

[0067] In an optional embodiment, the resolution of the display panel 100 along the first direction X is more than five times the resolution of the display panel 100 along the second direction Y. By setting the horizontal resolution to more than five times the vertical resolution, the display panel 100 has a sufficient number of pixels 10 in the beam-splitting direction of the prism 210 to form multiple viewpoints, thereby providing smooth viewing continuity and good three-dimensional stereoscopic effect. At the same time, the lower pixel density in the vertical direction helps to reduce the complexity of the driving circuit and the data transmission rate, which is suitable for the requirements of field-sequential color display.

[0068] Figure 14 For along Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of BB' (see reference). Figure 9 and Figure 14 In an optional embodiment, the display panel 100 includes multiple data lines 110, which provide data signals to multiple pixels 10 arranged in the second direction Y. The data lines 110 include a first sub-data line 111 and a second sub-data line 112, which are located in different metal film layers 120 and are electrically connected.

[0069] The data line 110 can be understood as a trace extending along the second direction Y in the display panel 100. The data line 110 is used to provide grayscale data voltage signals to multiple pixels 10 arranged in the second direction Y, controlling the display brightness of each pixel 10. Since the width of the pixel 10 decreases along the first direction X, the line width of the data line 110 can be reduced accordingly. The first sub-data line 111 can be understood as a segment of the data line 110 located in a certain metal film layer 120; the second sub-data line 112 can be understood as a segment of the data line 110 located in another metal film layer 120. The first sub-data line 111 and the second sub-data line 112 are on different layers and electrically connected. The first sub-data line 111 and the second sub-data line 112 are connected in parallel, thereby adapting to the small line width of the data line 110, reducing the resistance of the data line 110, and thus reducing the voltage drop on the data line 110.

[0070] For details, please refer to Figure 14The display panel 100 includes multiple data lines 110 and multiple metal film layers 120, including a first metal film layer M1 and a second metal film layer M2. Each data line 110 includes a first sub-data line 111 and a second sub-data line 112. The first sub-data line 111 is located in the first metal film layer M1, and the second sub-data line 112 is located in the second metal film layer M2. The two are electrically connected through interlayer vias, together forming a complete data line 110.

[0071] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of a planar projection of a display panel and a lenticular lens grating provided in an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to... Figures 10-15 This invention also provides a three-dimensional display device, which includes the display panel 100 and a lenticular grating 200 as described in the above embodiments. The lenticular grating 200 is located on the light-emitting display side of the display panel 100, and includes a plurality of prisms 210. This embodiment does not limit the type of prism 210; it can be a liquid crystal prism or an imprinted prism. This embodiment uses an imprinted prism as an example for explanation.

[0072] For details, please refer to Figures 10-15 The light emitted by the timing backlight 300 is modulated by the display panel 100, and the light carrying image information enters the lenticular lens grating 200. The lenticular lens grating 200 is arranged at an angle relative to the long side extension direction of the pixel 10. The prism 210 refracts the emitted light to a specific spatial angle according to the position of the pixel 10, so that the left eye image beam is projected to the observer's left eye direction, and the right eye image beam is projected to the observer's right eye direction. The observer's two eyes receive images from different perspectives, and the brain fuses them to form stereoscopic vision.

[0073] In an optional embodiment, the arrangement period of the prisms 210 along the first direction X is: Along the first direction X, the distance between the centers of two adjacent prisms 210 is In one example, adjacent prisms 210 are arranged in contact, with no gap between them. The width of the prism 210 along the first direction X is... In other embodiments, a gap may be provided between adjacent prisms 210, so that adjacent prisms 210 do not come into contact. , The width of prism 210 along the first direction X is close to the arrangement period of pixel 10 along the second direction Y. The value and The values ​​are close. This balances the three-dimensional resolution of the 3D display device in the first direction (X) and the second direction (Y), improving the display effect. Specifically, if... The horizontal resolution is significantly lower than the vertical resolution, which leads to the loss of detail in the horizontal direction of the image; if The horizontal resolution is significantly higher than the vertical resolution. Although the number of viewpoints increases, the width of each individual viewpoint decreases, which may lead to a narrower viewing window and reduced viewing comfort. At that time, the horizontal resolution perfectly matches the vertical resolution; when Within the range of 0.8 to 1.2, the difference between horizontal and vertical resolution is controlled within an acceptable range and will not cause obvious image stretching or compression distortion.

[0074] In an optional embodiment, the prism 210 extends along a third direction Y1; the display panel 100 further includes a substrate 101, and the pixel 10 is located on one side of the substrate 101; the pixel 10 includes a pixel electrode 13, and a second gap G2 is formed between two adjacent pixel electrodes 13 along a first direction X. The axisymmetric line of the second gap G2 projected onto the substrate 101 is a second axisymmetric line D2, and the angle between the extension direction of the second axisymmetric line D2 and the third direction Y1 is θ. The boundary of pixel 10 includes the second pixel edge L2, and the angle between the extension direction of the second pixel edge L2 and the third direction Y1 is... , The extension direction of prism 210 is tilted relative to the second pixel edge L2, reducing the visibility of regular interference fringes and thus suppressing the generation of moiré patterns. If... The extension direction of prism 210 is parallel to the extension direction of the second pixel edge L2. For a certain row of pixels 10, there is only a non-opening area 12 between the two envelope lines parallel to the third direction Y1, but no opening area 11. This results in no light emanating from any pixel 10 at a certain angle, causing dark lines to appear on the screen. Figure 10 The envelope between the opening regions 11 of the two pixels 10 shown is at a critical position, just enough to prevent dark lines from appearing on the screen. In this embodiment of the invention, This reduces the dark lines that appear on the screen.

[0075] In an optional embodiment, pixel 10 includes an opening region 11 and a non-opening region 12, the non-opening region 12 surrounding the opening region 11; the maximum length of the opening region 11 along the first direction X is [missing information]. The maximum length of the opening region 11 along the second direction Y is , .

[0076] Specifically, the maximum length of the opening region 11 along the second direction Y is The angle between the extension direction of the second axis of symmetry line D2 and the third direction Y1 is... In the first direction X, the increase in effective ray coverage of the opening region 11 due to the tilt of the prism 210 is... The width of the non-opening area 12 between adjacent open areas 11 is To ensure that prism 210 has sufficient deflection capability to avoid light coverage blind spots in the beam splitting direction, the following must be satisfied: ,Right now The tilt angle of prism 210 is large enough to ensure that effective light from the opening area 11 reaches all viewing angles on the observer's face, eliminating dark ripple defects and ensuring uniform brightness and viewing angle continuity of the displayed image. Furthermore, in an optional embodiment, .

[0077] Specifically, in the above embodiments, the constraint conditions depend on the maximum length of the opening region 11 along the first direction X. However, in actual production, due to process errors such as photolithography and alignment, the maximum length of the opening region 11 along the first direction X will fluctuate to some extent. Once the maximum length of the opening region 11 along the first direction X deviates negatively, the width of the effective non-opening region 12 will increase, and the tilt angle of the prism 210 that originally met the conditions will be affected. The crosstalk suppression requirements may no longer be met. Therefore, to eliminate the impact of process variations in the width b of the opening region 11 on the angle design, a method independent of... Conservative constraints: This embodiment has a higher tolerance for process errors.

[0078] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of a planar projection of a display panel and a lenticular lens grating provided in another embodiment of the present invention, with reference to... Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 15 and Figure 16 In an optional embodiment, pixel 10 includes an opening region 11 and a non-opening region 12, the non-opening region 12 surrounding the opening region 11; the maximum length of the opening region 11 along the first direction X is... The maximum length of the opening region 11 along the second direction Y is When the opening region 11 is held by two envelope lines parallel to the third direction Y1, the distance between the two envelope lines along the first direction X is... , .

[0079] The envelope can be understood as two tangents parallel to the third direction Y1 formed when the opening region 11 is projected in the extension direction of the prism 210.

[0080] For details, please refer to Figure 10 and Figure 15 When pixel 10 is rectangular, prism 210 extends along the third direction Y1; when the opening region 11 is held by two envelope lines parallel to the third direction Y1, the distance between the two envelope lines along the first direction X is... The distance s consists of two parts: one part is the horizontal width of the opening area 11 itself. The other part is the additional widening component (effective light coverage increment) of the opening region 11 in the first direction X, caused by the tilt of the prism 210. Similarly, refer to Figure 11 and Figure 16 When pixel 10 is a parallelogram, the second open side L4 of pixel 10 has an angle of inclination relative to the second direction Y. This tilt ensures that the effective light emission direction of the opening region 11 of pixel 10 matches the focusing direction of prism 210. In this case, prism 210 (i.e., the area between the thin double-dotted lines in the diagram) extends along the third direction Y1, and the third direction Y1 is parallel to the second direction Y, meaning prism 210 is not tilted. However, since pixel 10 itself is a parallelogram, the second opening edge L4 has a relative position to the second direction Y. The included angle, therefore the distance between the two envelope lines along the first direction X. Still satisfied .

[0081] Continue to refer to Figure 11 and Figure 16 In an optional embodiment, the second direction Y is parallel to the third direction Y1.

[0082] Specifically, the extension direction of prism 210 is parallel to the second direction Y, and there is no tilt angle between the extension direction of prism 210 and the second direction Y, which reduces the difficulty and error of bonding the lenticular lens grating 200 and simplifies the assembly and alignment process of the lenticular lens grating 200. On the other hand, the light-emitting fan of pixel 10 extends vertically, and the beam-splitting direction of prism 210 is consistent with the direction of the eye-to-eye line, which can further reduce the risk of light crosstalk; furthermore, the extension direction of prism 210 is parallel to the second direction Y, which can simplify the rendering logic, eliminate the need for complex tilt angle compensation algorithms, and reduce the requirements for image processing.

[0083] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the field of view optical path of another three-dimensional display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to... Figure 10 , Figure 15 and Figure 17 In an optional embodiment, the arrangement period of the prisms 210 along the first direction X is... Prism 210 extends along a third direction Y1; pixel 10 includes an opening region 11 and a non-opening region 12, the non-opening region 12 surrounding the opening region 11; when the opening region 11 is held by two envelope lines parallel to the third direction Y1, the distance between the two envelope lines along the first direction X is... The width of the main viewing area formed by the 3D display device on the observer's face is The distance between the pupils of both eyes is , , .

[0084] The observer plane can be understood as a virtual plane located at a certain distance from the light-emitting side of the display panel 100, on which the observer's eyes are located.

[0085] Specifically, This represents the projection widening of the opening region 11 of a single pixel 10 along the extension direction of the prism 210. Occupy one prism cycle proportion, This represents the actual single-viewing area width formed by the emitted light rays from pixel 10 on the observer's face. . refer to Figure 17 When the actual single viewport width Smaller than the distance between human pupils This means that the energy distribution range of the emitted light from the same pixel 10 on the observer's face is smaller than the interocular distance, and will not reach the left and right eyes simultaneously, thus effectively suppressing crosstalk.

[0086] For example, suppose the distance between the pupils of the observer's two eyes is... Then the width of a single view area To prevent light from the same pixel (10) from reaching both eyes simultaneously, the following must be met: ,Right now The width of the main view area is determined based on usage requirements. It is usually designed to be greater than twice the interpupillary distance, that is To provide sufficient viewing freedom. For example, it is advisable to... .when At that time, it is necessary to meet the following requirements. ;when At that time, it is necessary to meet the following requirements. That is, the same pixel period. It includes at least 2-3 pixels 10 of opening area 11. By limiting... This indirectly limits the number of pixels 10 covered under a single prism 210, thereby ensuring that when the observer is stationary, the left and right eyes will not receive stray light from the same pixel 10 at the same time.

[0087] Figure 18 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a three-dimensional display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to... Figure 18 In an optional embodiment, a timing backlight 300 is also included, which is located on the side of the display panel 100 away from the lenticular lens grating 200, and emits backlight beams of different colors in a time-division manner.

[0088] The sequential backlight 300 can be understood as an illumination device capable of rapidly switching and emitting backlight beams of different colors in a time sequence. It provides the display panel 100 with the sequential illumination required for field-sequential color display, lighting up different colors of backlight sequentially within each frame cycle. This, combined with the high-speed response of the display panel 100, enables color image display. For example, the sequential backlight 300 can employ side-lit or direct-lit LED backlighting, along with a light guide plate and optical films, to ensure uniform brightness and a reasonable viewing angle distribution of the emitted light, providing stable and high-brightness illumination conditions for the display panel 100.

[0089] Specifically, the timing backlight 300 is positioned on the side of the display panel 100 away from the lenticular lens 200 (i.e., the back of the display panel 100), and the emitted light from the timing backlight 300 faces the display panel 100. Within each frame display cycle, the timing backlight 300 rapidly switches and emits different colors according to a preset timing sequence. Due to the persistence of vision in the human eye, subframe images of different colors are superimposed in time, synthesizing into a full-color image in the human eye. The field-sequential color scheme eliminates the need for color filters in the display panel 100. Through temporal color mixing, it effectively improves light efficiency, thereby significantly increasing light energy utilization efficiency. Simultaneously, it simplifies the pixel structure, facilitating smaller pixel pitch and higher resolution.

[0090] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a head-up display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path of a head-up display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. (Reference) Figures 19-21 The present invention also provides a head-up display device, including a three-dimensional display device 400 of any of the above embodiments, and at least one reflector 500. The reflector 500 is located on the light-emitting path of the three-dimensional display device 400 and is used to project the imaging beam emitted by the three-dimensional display device 400 onto the imaging element 600.

[0091] The head-up display (HUD) can be understood as a display system that projects image information (such as vehicle speed, navigation instructions, warning information, etc.) onto the driver's field of vision (such as the windshield). The reflector 500 can be understood as an optical reflective element (such as a plane reflector, concave reflector, or freeform reflector) placed on the light path of the 3D display device 400, used to deflect or amplify the imaging beam emitted from the 3D display device 400 to adapt to different optical path layouts (such as inside a vehicle) and imaging distance requirements. The imaging element 600 can be understood as an element that receives the imaging beam and forms a real or virtual image (such as the windshield of a vehicle, a dedicated projection screen, or a holographic optical element).

[0092] For details, please refer to Figure 19 For example, the head-up display device includes a 3D display device 400 and at least one reflector 500 (a first reflector 510 and a second reflector 520, the second reflector 520 being a curved mirror). The first reflector 510 and the second reflector 520 are located on the light-emitting path of the 3D display device 400, and are used to reflect the imaging beam (including left-eye and right-eye image beams) emitted by the 3D display device 400 onto the imaging element 600. After the stereoscopic image beam generated by the 3D display device 400 is reflected by one or more reflectors 500 and the light path is folded, a virtual image is formed on the windshield or a dedicated screen at a certain distance (e.g., 2-3 meters) in front of the driver, allowing the driver to clearly see key vehicle information without taking their eyes off the road, and to promptly understand the vehicle's operating status, navigation guidance, safety warnings, and other key information, thereby making corresponding driving decisions and operations.

[0093] refer to Figure 20 and Figure 21 In one specific embodiment, the head-up display device is a vehicle-mounted head-up display device, the imaging element 600 is the windshield of the vehicle, and the light emitted by the 3D display device 400 is reflected to the observer surface 530 by the first reflector 510 and the second reflector 520. The user's left and right eyes can see virtual images of image beams with different exit angles on the first parallax image plane M1 and the second parallax image plane M2, respectively. Due to the parallax effect, the user sees a 3D-like virtual image on the third parallax image plane M3. Here, 3D-H can be understood as the 3D depth of the 3D-like virtual image.

[0094] The head-up display device provided in this embodiment of the invention can be Figure 19 The vehicle head-up display shown can also be any other product with head-up display functionality, including but not limited to the following categories: eyeglass head-up displays, mobile phone head-up displays, home head-up displays, aircraft head-up displays, marine head-up displays, etc. This embodiment of the invention does not impose any special limitations on these categories. The imaging element 600 can be the windshield of the vehicle; in other embodiments, the imaging element 600 can also be a separately installed display screen. The vehicle can be, for example, a car, an airplane, or a ship.

[0095] Note that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, combinations, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, the scope of which is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A display panel, characterized in that, It includes multiple pixels, which are arranged along a first direction and a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction intersect. The arrangement period of the pixels along the first direction is The arrangement period of the pixels along the second direction is , , .

2. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, 。 3. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a substrate, with the pixel located on one side of the substrate; The pixel includes a pixel electrode, and there is a first gap between two adjacent pixel electrodes along the second direction. The axisymmetric line of the first gap when projected onto the substrate is a first axisymmetric line. There is a second gap between two adjacent pixel electrodes along the first direction. The axisymmetric line of the second gap when projected onto the substrate is a second axisymmetric line. The area enclosed by the intersection of the first axisymmetric line and the second axisymmetric line defines the boundary of the pixel. The boundary of the pixel includes a first pixel edge, which extends along the first direction.

4. The display panel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The boundaries of the pixels are rectangles or parallelograms.

5. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pixel includes an opening region and a non-opening region, the non-opening region surrounding the opening region; The maximum length of the opening region along the first direction is The maximum length of the opening region along the second direction is , , .

6. The display panel according to claim 5, characterized in that, 。 7. The display panel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pixel includes an opening region and a non-opening region, the non-opening region surrounding the opening region; The boundary of the pixel also includes a second pixel edge, and the first pixel edge and the second pixel edge are connected; the outer contour of the opening region includes a first opening edge and a second opening edge; The first pixel edge is parallel to the first opening edge, and the second pixel edge is parallel to the second opening edge.

8. The display panel according to claim 7, characterized in that, The outer contour of the opening area also includes a third opening edge, which connects the first opening edge and the second opening edge; The third opening edge constitutes the chamfer structure set at the corner of the opening area.

9. The display panel according to claim 8, characterized in that, The third opening edge includes a straight line segment or a curved segment.

10. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pixel includes a pixel electrode, and the maximum length of the pixel electrode along the first direction is [missing information]. The maximum length of the pixel electrode along the second direction is , , .

11. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The resolution of the display panel along the first direction is more than 5 times the resolution of the display panel along the second direction.

12. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes multiple data lines, which provide data signals to the plurality of pixels arranged in the second direction; The data line includes a first sub-data line and a second sub-data line, which are located in different metal film layers and are electrically connected.

13. A three-dimensional display device, characterized in that, The display panel according to any one of claims 1-12 and the lenticular lens grating, wherein the lenticular lens grating is located on the light-emitting display side of the display panel and the lenticular lens grating includes a plurality of prisms.

14. The three-dimensional display device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The arrangement period of the prisms along the first direction is , , .

15. The three-dimensional display device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The prism extends along a third direction; The display panel also includes a substrate, and the pixels are located on one side of the substrate; The pixel includes a pixel electrode, and a second gap is formed between two adjacent pixel electrodes along a first direction. The axisymmetric line of the second gap when projected onto the substrate is a second axisymmetric line, and the angle between the extension direction of the second axisymmetric line and the third direction is [missing information]. , .

16. The three-dimensional display device according to claim 15, characterized in that, The pixel includes an opening region and a non-opening region, the non-opening region surrounding the opening region; The maximum length of the opening region along the first direction is The maximum length of the opening region along the second direction is , .

17. The three-dimensional display device according to claim 16, characterized in that, 。 18. The three-dimensional display device according to claim 15, characterized in that, The pixel includes an opening region and a non-opening region, the non-opening region surrounding the opening region; The maximum length of the opening region along the first direction is The maximum length of the opening region along the second direction is When the opening region is held by two envelope lines parallel to the third direction, the distance between the two envelope lines along the first direction is... , .

19. The three-dimensional display device according to claim 15, characterized in that, The second direction is parallel to the third direction.

20. The three-dimensional display device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The arrangement period of the prisms along the first direction is The prism extends along a third direction; the pixel includes an opening region and a non-opening region, the non-opening region surrounding the opening region; When the opening region is sandwiched between two envelope lines parallel to the third direction, the distance between the two envelope lines along the first direction is... The width of the main viewing area formed by the three-dimensional display device on the observer's face is... , , .

21. The three-dimensional display device according to claim 13, characterized in that, It also includes a timed backlight, which is located on the side of the display panel away from the lenticular lens grating, and the timed backlight emits backlight beams of different colors in a time-division manner.

22. A head-up display device, characterized in that, The device includes a three-dimensional display device according to any one of claims 13-21, and at least one reflector located in the light-emitting path of the three-dimensional display device for projecting the imaging beam emitted by the three-dimensional display device onto the imaging element.

Images