Anti-frost heaving cable protection pipe in frozen soil area

Abstract

The application provides a frozen soil area anti-frost heaving cable protection pipe, and relates to the technical field of cables, which comprises a multilayer elastic support structure with gradually reduced gaps from top to bottom formed by the cooperation of elastic plates, synchronous sleeves, synchronous rods and positioning sheets; and a connecting mechanism which realizes the detachable fixing of left and right push plates and double-sided plates through the cooperation of insertion rods, fixing sleeves, top grooves, clamping grooves, clamping blocks, follower rods, upper rods, top sleeves and thrust plates. The protection pipe utilizes the pressure generated by the gradual freezing of the frozen soil layer from top to bottom to drive the upper left and right push plates to drive the double-sided plates to expand outward, make the middle layer deformation plates elastically bend and make the lower layer bottom sleeve bear a large area of pressure, so as to gradually absorb the frost heaving stress and convert it into elastic deformation to release. Meanwhile, the quick-release connecting mechanism realizes the quick replacement of damaged components, effectively solving the problems of difficult rigid hard pipe construction, inability to adapt to frost heaving deformation and inconvenience of replacement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cable technology, and more specifically, to a cable protection pipe resistant to frost heave in frozen soil areas. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, frost-resistant cable protection pipes in permafrost regions typically employ a method of directly attaching a rigid pipe (such as a steel pipe or rigid plastic pipe) to the outside of the cable. This utilizes the mechanical strength of the rigid pipe itself to resist the enormous compression and shear deformation caused by frost heave and thawing settlement in the permafrost layer. However, in actual installation, this rigid pipe protection scheme requires inserting the cable section by section into the fixed rigid pipe, or first placing the rigid pipe on the cable and then connecting them one by one. Due to the lack of flexibility and long length of the rigid pipe, its brittleness increases in low-temperature environments, making the pipe insertion process extremely laborious. It often requires the assistance of traction equipment or multiple people working together. Especially in permafrost areas with complex terrain, pipe insertion at bends is almost impossible, resulting in low construction efficiency and difficulty in ensuring installation quality.

[0003] Even more challenging is that when rigid pipes suffer partial cracking or deformation due to frost heave, since the cable has already passed through the pipe, replacing the damaged section requires first pulling the entire cable out of the old pipe, repairing or replacing it with a new pipe, and then re-threading the cable. This process not only requires power outages, the use of a large amount of manpower and specialized equipment, but also damages the cable insulation layer due to repeated dragging. At the same time, the new pipe still has to face the same frost heave stress, making it difficult to guarantee its service life. This seriously affects the overall convenience and maintenance economy of cable protection projects in permafrost areas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a frost-resistant cable protection pipe for frozen soil areas to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a frost-resistant cable protection pipe for frozen soil areas, comprising a cable body and a sealing layer sleeved on the outer wall of the cable body; and further comprising a support mechanism; The support mechanism includes multiple left and right push plates disposed on both sides of the sealing layer, and the multiple left and right push plates are attached to each other. The left and right push plates are located at the upper end of the sealing layer and form a gap between the sealing layer and the sealing layer. The diameter of the gap gradually decreases from the uppermost end downwards. The lower ends of the left and right push plates are respectively attached to the double side plates. The left and right push plates are fixed to the two double side plates by a connecting mechanism. The two double side plates are respectively connected to one end of the deformable piece. The adjacent surfaces of the two deformable pieces are connected to a bottom sleeve. The inner walls of the two double side plates are connected to both ends of the steel strip. The sealing layer is attached to the steel strip.

[0006] Preferably, the adjacent surfaces of the left push plate and the right push plate are respectively staggered with semi-enclosed sleeves, and a middle rod is coaxially sleeved between the multiple semi-enclosed sleeves, and the multiple staggered semi-enclosed sleeves respectively abut against the side wall of the middle rod.

[0007] Preferably, the side of the multiple staggered semi-enclosures away from the sealing layer is provided with an elastic sleeve, the elastic sleeve and the semi-enclosure are coaxial and have the same wall thickness, and the staggered arrangement of the multiple semi-enclosures allows the elastic sleeve to be inserted into the other end to fill the gap.

[0008] Preferably, multiple coaxial synchronizing sleeves are provided on the concave sides of the multiple deformable pieces on both sides, and synchronizing rods are inserted into the multiple synchronizing sleeves on both sides.

[0009] Preferably, the outer convex surfaces of the plurality of bottom sleeves are provided with positioning pieces.

[0010] Preferably, the connecting mechanism includes an insertion rod installed on the left and right push plates near the end faces of the double side plates. The double side plates and the insertion rod are provided with fixing sleeves at corresponding positions. Each fixing sleeve has a top groove, and the lower end of the fixing sleeve has a slot communicating with the top groove. The lower end of the insertion rod is provided with a locking block.

[0011] Preferably, the top groove and the locking block are both straight grooves of the same size, and the groove and the locking block engage with each other.

[0012] Preferably, a follower rod is provided between the two fixed sleeves on the same side, and an upper rod is provided on the outer convex surface of both the left push plate and the right push plate. Multiple sets of top sleeves are respectively abutted on the upper rod and the follower rod, and a thrust plate is provided between each set of top sleeves.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a frost-resistant cable protection pipe for frozen soil areas, which has the following beneficial effects: This invention utilizes a support mechanism with a left and right push plate whose gaps gradually decrease from top to bottom, along with a multi-layered double-side plate, deformable sheet, and bottom sleeve, to achieve a coordinated elastic deformation design. This process absorbs and transforms the progressively developing frost heave pressure from top to bottom into controllable structural deformation. When the surface soil freezes, the larger gap at the top causes the left and right push plates to preferentially expand the double-side plates to release the initial stress. The frost heave in the middle layer pushes the deformable sheet to produce elastic bending for further buffering. The frost heave in the lower layer is borne by the large area of ​​the bottom sleeve, and the remaining pressure is dispersed to the deeper unfrozen soil through the positioning plate. This avoids the phenomenon of rigid pipes breaking or squeezing cables due to their inability to deform, thus achieving flexible protection for the cable body and sealing layer.

[0014] The support mechanism constructed in this invention, through the staggered connection of the semi-encased sleeve and the intermediate rod, and the gap filling of the elastic plate, enables the left and right push plates of each layer to maintain stable lateral positioning when subjected to frost heave pressure. At the same time, multiple synchronous sleeves and synchronous rods ensure the synchronous consistency of the double-sided plates and deformable plates during the expansion process. The steel strip tightly adheres the sealing layer to the surface of the cable body to maintain the integrity of the seal. The components form a cohesive whole that can absorb energy through elastic deformation during the frost heave period and restore the structure to its initial state through material elasticity during the thaw settlement period. It has good self-resetting ability and significantly extends the service life of the protective pipe in frozen soil areas.

[0015] This invention achieves rapid assembly and disassembly between the left push plate, right push plate, and double side plates through a direct-insertion and rotary locking design of the locking block at the lower end of the insertion rod in the connecting mechanism and the top groove and locking slot inside the fixed sleeve. When a component is fatigued due to long-term freeze-thaw cycles, the operator only needs to use external force to detach the half-sleeve from the middle rod, pull the insertion rod backward to disengage the locking block from the locking slot, and pull it out along the top groove to remove and replace the damaged component individually. There is no need to destroy the frozen soil or disassemble the entire protective structure. The replacement process is simple and quick. At the same time, after the top sleeve and the thrust plate are assembled, they can evenly transmit the pressure between the upper side rod and the follower rod, ensuring the long-term stability of the connection. This greatly improves the construction convenience and subsequent maintenance economy of cable protection projects in frozen soil areas.

[0016] This invention utilizes the sequential characteristics of frost heave in frozen soil (from top to bottom) to drive the layered response of the protective structure. It requires no external energy or complex control, relying entirely on the mechanical structure to adapt to the deformation of frozen soil. At the same time, positioning plates inserted into the frozen soil provide anti-slip anchoring to prevent the protective pipe from shifting as a whole during frost heave. The entire structure is composed of modular components such as a left push plate, a right push plate, double side plates, deformable plates, and a bottom sleeve. The gap size and plate thickness of each layer can be flexibly adjusted according to different frozen soil depths and frost heave intensities, providing a convenient, efficient, and highly adaptive anti-frost heave protection solution for cable laying in frozen soil areas. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a frost-resistant cable protection pipe for frozen soil areas according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the left push plate and the right push plate in this invention; Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of the left and right push plates in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom sleeve in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the insertion rod and fixing sleeve in this invention; Figure 6 In this invention Figure 5A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the semi-enclosed structure in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the thrust plate in this invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 11. Cable body; 12. Sealing layer; 21. Support mechanism; 22. Left push plate; 23. Right push plate; 24. Double side plates; 25. Deformable piece; 26. Bottom sleeve; 27. Steel strip; 28. Semi-enclosed sleeve; 29. ​​Intermediate rod; 31. Connecting mechanism; 32. Insertion rod; 33. Fixing sleeve; 34. Top groove; 35. Slot; 36. Locking block; 37. Follower rod; 38. Upper side rod; 39. Top sleeve; 210. Elastic sleeve; 211. Synchronizing sleeve; 212. Synchronizing rod; 213. Positioning piece; 310. Thrust plate.

[0019] An embodiment of the present invention It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0021] In this invention, unless otherwise stated, the directional terms such as "up" and "down" generally refer to the directions shown in the accompanying drawings, or to the vertical, perpendicular, or gravitational direction; similarly, for ease of understanding and description, "left" and "right" generally refer to the left and right shown in the accompanying drawings; "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours of each component itself, but the above directional terms are not intended to limit this invention.

[0022] Please see Figures 1 to 8 This embodiment provides a frost-resistant cable protection pipe for frozen soil areas. This protection pipe aims to solve the technical problems of existing rigid pipes being difficult to construct, inconvenient to replace, and unable to effectively release frost heave stress in frozen soil areas. By integrating a support mechanism consisting of multi-layer push plates and elastic deformation plates, as well as a quick-release connection mechanism, it achieves the gradual absorption and flexible release of frost heave pressure from top to bottom of the frozen soil layer. At the same time, it facilitates the rapid replacement of damaged parts, significantly improving the convenience and reliability of cable protection in frozen soil areas.

[0023] 1. Overall structure and initial state The frost-resistant cable protection pipe for frozen soil areas includes a cable body 11 and a sealing layer 12 sleeved on the outer wall of the cable body 11. It also includes a support mechanism 21 installed outside the sealing layer 12. The support mechanism 21 is used to transmit the frost heave pressure generated by the frozen soil layer step by step and convert it into elastic deformation to protect the cable. The support mechanism 21 is detachable and fixed through a connecting mechanism 31.

[0024] 2. Composition of the core system 2.1 Supporting Structure 21 The support mechanism 21 is the core unit for absorbing frost heave stress and protecting the cable. It includes multiple left push plates 22 and right push plates 23 disposed on both sides of the sealing layer 12. The multiple left push plates 22 and right push plates 23 are attached to each other. The left push plates 22 and right push plates 23 are located at the upper end of the sealing layer 12 and form a gap between the sealing layer 12 and the sealing layer 12, with the diameter of the gap gradually decreasing from the uppermost end downwards. The lower ends of the left push plates 22 and right push plates 23 are respectively attached to the double side plates 24. The left push plates 22 and right push plates 23 are fixed to the two double side plates 24 by the connecting mechanism 31. The two double side plates 24 are respectively connected to one end of the deformable piece 25. The adjacent surfaces of the two deformable pieces 25 are connected to the bottom sleeve 26. The inner walls of the two double side plates 24 are connected to both ends of the steel strip 27, and the sealing layer 12 is attached to the steel strip 27. The adjacent surfaces of the left push plate 22 and the right push plate 23 are respectively staggered with semi-enclosed sleeves 28. The intermediate rods 29 are coaxially connected between the multiple semi-enclosed sleeves 28, and the staggered semi-enclosed sleeves 28 are respectively abutted on the side wall of the intermediate rods 29. The side of the multiple staggered semi-enclosed sleeves 28 away from the sealing layer 12 is respectively provided with elastic sleeves 210. The elastic sleeves 210 are coaxial with the semi-enclosed sleeves 28 and have the same wall thickness. The staggered arrangement of the multiple semi-enclosed sleeves 28 allows the elastic sleeves 210 to be inserted into the other end to fill the gap. The concave sides of the multiple deformable pieces 25 on both sides are respectively provided with multiple coaxial synchronous sleeves 211, and the multiple synchronous sleeves 211 on both sides are respectively inserted with synchronous rods 212. The convex surfaces of the multiple bottom sleeves 26 are provided with positioning pieces 213, and the multiple positioning pieces 213 are all inserted into the frozen soil.

[0025] 2.2 Connecting Mechanism 31 The connecting mechanism 31 is the core unit for realizing the detachable and fixed support mechanism. It includes an insertion rod 32 installed on the end face of multiple left push plates 22 and right push plates 23 near the double side plates 24. A fixing sleeve 33 is provided on the double side plates 24 at the position corresponding to the insertion rod 32. Each fixing sleeve 33 has a top groove 34. The lower end of the fixing sleeve 33 has a slot 35 communicating with the top groove 34. The lower end of the insertion rod 32 is provided with a locking block 36. The top groove 34 and the locking block 36 are both straight slots of the same size, and the slot 35 and the locking block 36 engage with each other. A follower rod 37 is provided between two fixing sleeves 33 on the same side. The outer convex surface of the left push plate 22 and the right push plate 23 is provided with an upper side rod 38. Multiple sets of top sleeves 39 are respectively abutted on the upper side rod 38 and the follower rod 37. A thrust plate 310 is provided between each set of top sleeves 39.

[0026] 3. Working process and principle of the device The working process and principle of the frost-resistant cable protection pipe for frozen soil areas are as follows: During seasonal changes in frozen soil areas, the temperature change of the frozen soil layer is transmitted from top to bottom. When the surface soil begins to freeze, the frost heave pressure first acts on the uppermost left push plate 22 and right push plate 23. Since the upper gap formed between the left push plate 22 and right push plate 23 and the sealing layer 12 is the largest, the pressure is first transmitted to the middle rod 29 and then downward through the left push plate 22 and right push plate 23. At the same time, the pressure is converted into a thrust that expands to both sides through the upper rod 38, top sleeve 39 and thrust plate 310 in the connecting mechanism 31, causing the two double-side plates 24 to open outward and compress the unfrozen soil. As the frozen soil layer gradually spreads downward, the soil outside the double-side plates 24 is frozen and generates a counter-thrust force, forcing the double-side plates 24 to... The cable body 11 is subjected to back pressure, and this deformation is transmitted to the bottom sleeve 26 through the deformable plate 25, causing the bottom sleeve 26 to generate a greater outward expansion force to squeeze the unfrozen soil below. As the frozen soil layer continues to move downward, the bottom sleeve 26 and the deformable plate 25 are subjected to direct frost heave pressure. Since the convex area of ​​the bottom sleeve 26 is greater than the outer area of ​​the deformable plate 25, the bottom sleeve 26 bears a greater frost heave force and transmits it to the entire support mechanism. The left push plate 22, the right push plate 23, the double side plates 24, the deformable plate 25 and the bottom sleeve 26 absorb the frost heave stress through coordinated elastic deformation. At the same time, the steel strip 27 tightly adheres the sealing layer 12 to the cable body 11 to maintain a seal, and the positioning plate 213 is inserted into the frozen soil to provide anti-slip anchoring, thereby avoiding rigid damage to the cable body 11 and the sealing layer 12 caused by frost heave pressure.

[0027] When a component needs to be replaced due to long-term use, the operator first uses external force to disengage the semi-enclosed sleeve 28 from the intermediate rod 29, thereby releasing the mutual constraint between the left push plate 22 and the right push plate 23. Then, the operator pulls the insertion rod 32 backward to disengage the locking block 36 from the locking groove 35 and pull it out along the top groove 34. At this time, the fixing sleeve 33 separates from the insertion rod 32, and the damaged left push plate 22, right push plate 23, or double side plates 24 can be removed and replaced individually. The new component can be quickly installed by reversing the operation, thus completing the replacement process.

[0028] Working principle summary: This invention utilizes the progressively decreasing gap design in the support mechanism 21 from top to bottom, along with the coordinated elastic deformation of the left push plate 22, right push plate 23, double side plates 24, deformable piece 25, and bottom sleeve 26, to transform the gradual frost heave pressure of the frozen soil layer into multi-stage absorption and release. The quick-release structure of the insertion rod and slot 35 in the connecting mechanism 31 enables convenient replacement of damaged parts, effectively solving the problems of difficult construction, inconvenient replacement, and inability to adapt to frost heave deformation in traditional rigid pipes.

[0029] Example 2 In another optional embodiment, the relative tilt angle between the left push plate 22 and the right push plate 23 can be optimized according to the local frost heave intensity, the thickness of the elastic sleeve 210 can be designed in various specifications to adjust the elastic recovery force, the length of the positioning piece 213 can be selected according to the thickness of the frozen soil layer, a lubricating layer can be added between the sealing layer 12 and the steel strip 27 to reduce friction, and an antifreeze adhesive coating is applied to the outer surface of the bottom sleeve 26 for easy maintenance.

[0030] Of all the solutions mentioned above, those involving the connection between two components can be selected according to the actual situation, such as welding, bolt and nut connection, bolt or screw connection, or other known connection methods, which will not be elaborated here. For all the fixed connections mentioned above, welding is preferred. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A frost-resistant cable protection pipe for frozen soil areas, comprising a cable body (11) and a sealing layer (12) sleeved on the outer wall of the cable body (11); characterized in that: It also includes support institutions (21); The support mechanism (21) includes multiple left push plates (22) and right push plates (23) disposed on both sides of the sealing layer (12), and the multiple left push plates (22) and the multiple right push plates (23) are in contact with each other. The left push plates (22) and the right push plates (23) are located at the upper end of the sealing layer (12) and form a gap between the sealing layer (12), and the diameter of the gap gradually decreases from the uppermost end downwards. 3) The lower ends of the two side plates (24) are respectively attached to each other. The left push plate (22) and the right push plate (23) are fixed to the two side plates (24) through the connecting mechanism (31). The two side plates (24) are respectively connected to one end of the deformable piece (25). The adjacent surfaces of the two deformable pieces (25) are connected to the bottom sleeve (26). The inner walls of the two side plates (24) are connected to both ends of the steel strip (27). The sealing layer (12) is attached to the steel strip (27).

2. The frost-resistant cable protection pipe for frozen soil areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjacent surfaces of the left push plate (22) and the right push plate (23) are respectively staggered with half-sleeves (28), and a middle rod (29) is coaxially sleeved between the multiple half-sleeves (28), and the multiple staggered half-sleeves (28) respectively abut against the side wall of the middle rod (29).

3. The frost-resistant cable protection pipe for frozen soil areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the multiple staggered half-sleeves (28) has an elastic sleeve (210) on the side away from the sealing layer (12). The elastic sleeve (210) and the half-sleeves (28) are coaxial and have the same wall thickness. The staggered arrangement of the multiple half-sleeves (28) allows the elastic sleeve (210) to be staggered and inserted into the other end to fill the gap.

4. The frost-resistant cable protection pipe for frozen soil areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple coaxial synchronizing sleeves (211) are respectively provided on the concave side surfaces of the multiple deformable pieces (25) on both sides, and synchronizing rods (212) are respectively inserted into the multiple synchronizing sleeves (211) on both sides.

5. The frost-resistant cable protection pipe for frozen soil areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer convex surfaces of the multiple bottom sleeves (26) are provided with positioning pieces (213).

6. The frost-resistant cable protection pipe for frozen soil areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting mechanism (31) includes an insertion rod (32) installed on the left push plate (22) and right push plate (23) near the end face of the double side plate (24). The double side plate (24) and the insertion rod (32) are provided with fixing sleeves (33) at corresponding positions. Each fixing sleeve (33) is provided with a top groove (34). The lower end of the fixing sleeve (33) is provided with a slot (35) communicating with the top groove (34). The lower end of the insertion rod (32) is provided with a locking block (36).

7. The frost-resistant cable protection pipe for frozen soil areas according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top groove (34) and the locking block (36) are both straight grooves of the same size, and the locking groove (35) and the locking block (36) engage with each other.

8. The frost-resistant cable protection pipe for frozen soil areas according to claim 7, characterized in that: A follower rod (37) is provided between the two fixed sleeves (33) on the same side. The outer convex surfaces of the left push plate (22) and the right push plate (23) are provided with upper side rods (38). Multiple sets of top sleeves (39) are respectively abutted on the upper side rods (38) and the follower rods (37), and a thrust plate (310) is provided between each set of top sleeves (39).

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