An inverter device for a solar module and a method of using the same

Abstract

The application provides an inverter device for a solar module, comprising an outer box body, a protective cover plate and a guide rail, the outer box body is provided with the protective cover plate which is rotatably connected through a hinge on the front surface of the outer box body, the guide rail is fixed horizontally in the inner part of the outer box body, the outer side of the guide rail is sequentially nested from left to right with a direct current input protection module, a multi-path MPPT voltage boosting module, a main inverter power module, a bidirectional light storage shared bus module and a main control and communication interaction module, and the inner part of the outer box body is provided with a heat dissipation assembly. Through four core innovations of modular plug-in structure, partition heat insulation and anti-heat conduction, global turbulence heat dissipation and fan linkage automatic unblocking, the technical pain points of traditional photovoltaic inverters, such as complicated operation and maintenance, large thermal interference, poor heat dissipation, easy blocking and easy overheating, are solved, the device power generation stability, heat dissipation performance, service life and maintenance-free ability are significantly improved, the device is suitable for various solar power generation scenes of household, industrial and commercial, and has high practicability and popularization value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solar battery charge and discharge controller technology, and more particularly to an inverter device for solar modules and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid popularization of photovoltaic power generation technology, solar photovoltaic inverters, as the core equipment for power conversion in photovoltaic systems, directly determine the power generation efficiency and lifespan of the entire photovoltaic system through their operational stability, heat dissipation performance, and maintainability. Currently, most traditional solar inverters on the market adopt a fully enclosed, integrated welded structure, with all functional circuits inside the chassis rigidly integrated, lacking an independent modular design. During long-term outdoor operation, the inverter's internal DC input circuit, MPPT boost circuit, main inverter circuit, energy storage conversion circuit, and main control communication circuit all have a probability of failure. Furthermore, once a single component or module in a traditional integrated structure fails, the faulty unit cannot be replaced individually; extensive disassembly, testing, and reassembly of the entire unit are required. This complex repair process, high professional dependence, and prolonged equipment downtime severely reduce the continuity of photovoltaic system power generation, while significantly increasing subsequent maintenance labor costs and equipment downtime losses. Additionally, the inverters exhibit poor adaptability and maintenance flexibility.

[0003] Meanwhile, traditional inverter chassis feature a continuous, open cavity structure, with all functional modules centrally located and lacking thermal insulation. During operation, high-power devices such as the inverter power modules and MPPT boost modules generate significant heat. This high-temperature heat diffuses freely within the chassis, causing crosstalk and internal heat accumulation. This high-temperature environment not only leads to reduced load on power devices and decreased power generation efficiency but also continuously interferes with the operational accuracy of low-voltage precision modules such as the main control and communication modules, easily resulting in signal drift, sampling errors, and malfunctions. With modules of different heat levels coexisting in the same cavity, independent heat dissipation is impossible, leading to severe thermal coupling interference. Prolonged high-temperature operation accelerates equipment aging, significantly reducing overall reliability and lifespan.

[0004] In addition, existing photovoltaic inverters have relatively simple heat dissipation structures, mostly employing forced air cooling with fixed air ducts and fixed filters. During operation, the airflow direction is fixed and the blowing angle is singular, easily creating airflow blind spots and heat dissipation dead zones inside the chassis. This leads to insufficient heat dissipation in some modules, uneven temperature distribution, and long-term temperature differences that can cause device performance degradation. Furthermore, traditional intake filters are constantly exposed, making them highly susceptible to blockage from outdoor sand, catkins, and dust, resulting in reduced airflow and a continuous decline in heat dissipation capacity. Traditional equipment lacks automatic unblocking functions upon shutdown; filter blockage requires manual periodic disassembly and cleaning, resulting in high maintenance frequency and workload. Failure to clean in a timely manner can easily trigger overheating protection, load reduction, or even shutdown, severely impacting the photovoltaic inverter's ability to operate stably around the clock.

[0005] In summary, existing photovoltaic inverters suffer from numerous technical defects, such as the inability to modularly replace the entire unit, low operation and maintenance efficiency, severe internal thermal crosstalk, uneven heat dissipation with dead zones, and easy clogging and non-self-cleaning of filters. These defects make it difficult to meet the long-term, stable, low-maintenance, and high-efficiency requirements of residential and commercial photovoltaic equipment. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a solar inverter device with modular quick disassembly and assembly, zoned heat insulation to prevent crosstalk, multi-angle full-area heat dissipation, and automatic unclogging function in conjunction with start-stop linkage. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned background art, and to propose an inverter device for solar modules and its usage method.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An inverter device for solar modules includes an outer casing, a protective cover, and a guide rail. The protective cover is rotatably connected to the front surface of the outer casing via a hinge. The guide rail is horizontally fixed inside the outer casing. From left to right, a DC input protection module, a multi-channel MPPT boost module, a main inverter power module, a bidirectional photovoltaic-storage shared bus module, and a main control and communication interaction module are nested on the outside of the guide rail. A heat dissipation component is provided inside the outer casing.

[0008] Preferably, the heat dissipation assembly consists of a heat insulation plate, connecting wires, guide plate, pressure spring, slider, air inlet plate, filter plate, mounting plate, unblocking strip, bearing plate, blades, deflector strip, negative pressure fan, top frame plate and self-closing louvers; A heat insulation plate is embedded in the front end of the guide rail. A connecting line is horizontally embedded in the lower part of the heat insulation plate. A guide plate is installed at the bottom of the heat insulation plate. A pressure spring is fixedly connected to the lower part of the guide plate. A slider is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure spring. An air intake plate is embedded in the lower part of the outer casing. A filter plate is fixed to the bottom of the air intake plate. An installation plate is embedded in the lower part of the air intake plate. A clearing strip is horizontally fixed to the bottom of the installation plate. Bearing discs are embedded in the left and right ends of the bottom of the heat insulation plate at the lower part of the outer casing. Blades and baffles are fixed to the outer surface of the bearing discs. Negative pressure fans are embedded in the upper left and upper right parts of the outer casing. A top frame plate is embedded in the upper part of the outer casing. The air intake end of the negative pressure fan is connected to the interior of the top frame plate through a pipe. Self-closing louvers are rotatably connected to the lower part of the top frame plate through a shaft.

[0009] Preferably, four heat insulation panels are provided, and the four heat insulation panels are arranged sequentially between the adjacent gaps of the DC input protection module, the multi-channel MPPT boost module, the main inverter power module, the bidirectional photovoltaic storage shared bus module and the main control and communication interaction module, dividing the interior of the outer casing into five independent cavity spaces.

[0010] Preferably, the DC input protection module, the multi-channel MPPT boost module, the main inverter power module, the bidirectional photovoltaic-storage shared bus module, and the main control and communication interaction module all form a standardized plug-in and plug-out fit with the guide rail. The mechanical positioning and electrical conduction are synchronously achieved between each functional module and between each functional module and the outer casing through the plug-in and plug-out connection of the connecting wires.

[0011] Preferably, the front and rear ends of the heat insulation plate are respectively in close contact with the back of the protective cover and the inner rear end of the outer casing, and the top and bottom of the heat insulation plate are respectively in close contact with the bottom of the top frame plate and the top of the air intake plate.

[0012] Preferably, the slider is embedded in the lower part of the guide plate, the outer wall of the slider is in close contact with the inner wall of the guide plate, the slider moves up and down vertically in the inner direction of the guide plate, and the bottom end of the slider is in close contact with the upper surface of the mounting plate.

[0013] Preferably, the cross-sectional area of ​​the mounting plate is the same as that of the filter plate, the mounting plate is in close contact with the upper surface of the filter plate, and the unclogging strip at the bottom of the mounting plate is embedded in the gap inside the filter plate. The volume of the unclogging strip is the same as the hollow volume of the gap inside the filter plate.

[0014] Preferably, the front and rear ends of the guide plate and the slider are closely attached to the front and rear ends inside the air intake plate. The mounting plate has an air intake hole in its internal vertical opening. The air intake hole is located between the adjacent unblocking strips at the front and rear ends. The filter plate covers the bottom of the air intake hole and seals it.

[0015] Preferably, the bearing disc rotates horizontally inside the heat insulation plate and the outer casing, and the front and rear ends of the deflector strip are each provided with 7-10 blades at equal intervals.

[0016] Preferably, it includes the following steps: S1: If any functional module fails during the use of the device, disconnect the corresponding connection line and pull out the corresponding DC input protection module, multi-channel MPPT boost module, main inverter power module, bidirectional photovoltaic energy storage shared bus module or main control and communication interaction module along the guide rail. After replacing with a brand new module, push it back into place along the guide rail and reconnect the connection line to complete the module replacement operation. S2: During the use of the device, the heat insulation plate divides the outer casing into five independent chambers. The DC input protection module, the multi-channel MPPT boost module, the main inverter power module, the bidirectional photovoltaic energy storage shared bus module, and the main control and communication interaction module each have independent heat dissipation. The heat generated by each module will not flow between them, thus preventing heat interference between different modules. S3: During the operation of the device, two negative pressure fans work simultaneously. The negative pressure fans generate negative pressure and draw it into the top frame plate through the pipe. Under the action of negative pressure, the self-closing louvers in the top frame plate flip upward, and the bottom of the top frame plate opens, making the bottom passage of the top frame plate open. The negative pressure is further transmitted to the outer box and acts on the air inlet plate, driving the mounting plate below the air inlet plate to rise upward. This pushes the slider to move upward in the guide plate and compresses the pressure spring, causing the unblocking strip to move out of the gap in the filter plate and release the seal on the gap of the filter plate. The external airflow flows from bottom to top to independently heat the various modules in the outer box. When the external airflow flows from bottom to top through the outer box to independently heat the various modules in the internal partition, the airflow impacts the blades along the way, causing the blades to drive the bearing disk and the turbulence strips set on the bearing disk to rotate synchronously, stirring the airflow in the outer box 1, realizing multi-directional full-coverage heat dissipation and eliminating heat dissipation dead corners. S4: When the negative pressure fan stops working, the self-closing louvers fall back to their original position under their own weight, closing the bottom channel of the top frame plate. At the same time, the pressure spring that was compressed rebounds to its original position, pushing the slider and the mounting plate to move downwards synchronously. The unclogging strip at the bottom of the mounting plate returns to its original position and embeds into the filter plate, pushing the dust and impurities trapped in the gaps of the filter plate downwards, completing the automatic unclogging, effectively preventing the filter plate from clogging and ensuring its stable filtration effect. This invention provides an inverter device for solar modules and its usage method, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. This invention refines the entire unit into five independent functional units: a DC input protection module, a multi-channel MPPT boost module, a main inverter power module, a bidirectional photovoltaic-storage shared bus module, and a main control and communication interaction module. All modules adopt a standardized DIN rail plug-in structure, achieving integrated mechanical and electrical connection. Compared to the traditional welded integrated structure, this device eliminates the need for complete unit disassembly and power-off when any single module fails. Only the corresponding connection line needs to be disconnected to quickly extract the faulty module and replace it with a new one. This significantly simplifies the maintenance process, greatly reduces equipment downtime for maintenance, improves operational efficiency, effectively ensures continuous power generation of the photovoltaic system, significantly reduces subsequent maintenance labor costs and downtime losses, and greatly enhances equipment adaptability, maintainability, and scalability.

[0018] 2. This invention divides the interior of the chassis into five independent, sealed cavities by setting multiple sets of heat insulation plates, allowing each functional module to be arranged and cooled independently. This effectively solves the problems of traditional inverters, such as full internal connectivity, free heat flow, and severe thermal coupling interference between high and low temperature modules. It completely blocks heat transfer from high-power heat-generating modules to low-voltage control modules, avoiding load reduction caused by heat accumulation in power devices, and preventing signal sampling drift and malfunctions caused by high temperatures. With independent cooling in each cavity, the temperature distribution inside the chassis is more uniform, significantly reducing the overall operating temperature rise, slowing down component aging, and effectively improving the overall stability and lifespan of the inverter.

[0019] 3. This invention adopts a negative pressure suction-type bottom-inlet and top-outlet air duct structure, combined with rotatable blades and a baffle structure. When the fan is working, the negative pressure opens the air intake passage, and external cold air continuously enters the chassis. At the same time, the airflow impacts the blades, causing the bearing disc and baffle to rotate, actively disturbing the internal airflow. This breaks the limitation of the traditional fixed air duct with a single airflow direction, achieving multi-angle and all-round surrounding heat dissipation, completely eliminating heat dissipation dead corners inside the chassis, making the heat dissipation of each module surface more uniform, greatly improving the overall heat dissipation efficiency, and effectively solving the problems of uneven heat dissipation, local heat accumulation, and high-temperature load reduction in traditional inverters. Moreover, when the fan is working, the unblocking strip disengages from the filter plate gaps to ensure smooth ventilation and unobstructed heat dissipation. When the fan stops working, the pressure spring automatically rebounds and resets, driving the unblocking strip back into place and pushing out the dust and impurities accumulated in the filter screen gaps, automatically completing the filter plate unblocking operation without manual disassembly and cleaning. It effectively solves the problems of dust accumulation and clogging of traditional inverter filter plates, frequent maintenance, and gradual decline in heat dissipation performance. It keeps the filter plates transparent and the air ducts unobstructed for a long time, greatly reducing the frequency of equipment maintenance and improving the reliability and environmental adaptability of the equipment for long-term outdoor operation. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the outer casing in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the left side of a partial structure of the outer casing in this invention; Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of the heat insulation plate and air intake plate in this invention; Figure 5 This is a partial exploded view of the heat insulation plate and air intake plate in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the left side of a partial structure of the air intake plate in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the air intake state of a partial structure of the air intake plate in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the spoiler strip in this invention.

[0021] Legend: 1. Outer casing, 101. Protective cover, 102. Guide rail, 2. DC input protection module, 3. Multi-channel MPPT boost module, 4. Main inverter power module, 5. Bidirectional photovoltaic and energy storage shared bus module, 6. Main control and communication interaction module, 7. Heat insulation board, 701. Connecting wire, 8. Guide plate, 801. Pressure spring, 802. Slider, 9. Air inlet plate, 901. Filter plate, 902. Mounting plate, 903. Unblocking strip, 904. Bearing disc, 905. Blade, 906. Baffle strip, 10. Negative pressure fan, 11. Top frame plate, 12. Self-closing louvers. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Example 1, referring to Figure 1-8 An inverter device for solar modules includes an outer casing 1, a protective cover 101, and a guide rail 102. The protective cover 101 is rotatably connected to the front surface of the outer casing 1 via a hinge. The guide rail 102 is horizontally fixed inside the outer casing 1. From left to right, the outer side of the guide rail 102 is nested with a DC input protection module 2, a multi-channel MPPT boost module 3, a main inverter power module 4, a bidirectional photovoltaic-storage shared bus module 5, and a main control and communication interaction module 6. A heat dissipation component is provided inside the outer casing 1.

[0023] The heat dissipation assembly consists of a heat insulation plate 7, a connecting line 701, a guide plate 8, a pressure spring 801, a slider 802, an air inlet plate 9, a filter plate 901, a mounting plate 902, a blockage clearing strip 903, a bearing plate 904, blades 905, a deflector strip 906, a negative pressure fan 10, a top frame plate 11, and self-closing louvers 12. A heat insulation plate 7 is embedded in the front end of the guide rail 102. A connecting wire 701 is horizontally embedded in the lower part of the heat insulation plate 7. A guide plate 8 is installed at the bottom of the heat insulation plate 7. A pressure spring 801 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the guide plate 8. A slider 802 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure spring 801. An air intake plate 9 is embedded in the lower part of the outer casing 1. A filter plate 901 is fixedly fixed at the bottom of the air intake plate 9. A mounting plate 902 is embedded in the lower part of the air intake plate 9. The bottom of the mounting plate 902 is horizontally fixed. There is a clearing strip 903. The left and right ends of the bottom of the heat insulation plate 7 at the lower part of the outer casing 1 are both embedded with bearing discs 904. The outer surface of the bearing discs 904 is fixed with blades 905 and baffles 906. Negative pressure fans 10 are embedded in the upper left and upper right of the outer casing 1. A top frame plate 11 is embedded in the upper part of the outer casing 1. The air inlet of the negative pressure fan 10 is connected to the inside of the top frame plate 11 through a pipe. A self-closing louver 12 is rotatably connected to the lower part of the inside of the top frame plate 11 through a shaft.

[0024] There are four heat insulation panels 7. The four heat insulation panels 7 are arranged in sequence between the adjacent gaps of the DC input protection module 2, the multi-channel MPPT boost module 3, the main inverter power module 4, the bidirectional photovoltaic storage shared bus module 5 and the main control and communication interaction module 6, dividing the interior of the outer casing 1 into five independent cavity spaces. After the outer casing 1 is divided into five independent chambers, each functional module is arranged and cooled independently. This effectively solves the problems of full connectivity, free heat flow, and severe thermal coupling interference between high and low temperature modules in traditional inverters. It completely blocks the heat transfer from high-power heat-generating modules to low-voltage control modules, avoids load reduction caused by heat accumulation in power devices, and eliminates faults such as signal sampling drift and abnormal operation caused by high temperature. The independent cooling of each chamber does not affect each other, and the temperature distribution inside the outer casing 1 is more uniform, which greatly reduces the overall operating temperature rise and slows down the aging rate of the devices. The DC input protection module 2, the multi-channel MPPT boost module 3, the main inverter power module 4, the bidirectional photovoltaic energy storage shared bus module 5, and the main control and communication interaction module 6 all form a standardized plug-in and plug-out fit with the guide rail 102. The mechanical positioning and electrical conduction between each functional module and between each functional module and the outer casing 1 are synchronously achieved through the plug-in and plug-out connection of the connecting line 701. When any single module fails, there is no need to disassemble the entire machine or disconnect the power. Simply disconnect the corresponding connection line 701 to quickly extract the faulty module and replace it with a new one. This greatly simplifies the maintenance process, significantly shortens the downtime for equipment maintenance, improves operation and maintenance efficiency, effectively ensures the continuous power generation of the photovoltaic system, and significantly reduces the labor costs and downtime losses in the later stages of operation and maintenance.

[0025] Example 2 differs from Example 1 in that, in this example, the front and rear ends of the heat insulation plate 7 are respectively in close contact with the back of the protective cover plate 101 and the inner rear end of the outer casing 1, and the top and bottom of the heat insulation plate 7 are respectively in close contact with the bottom of the top frame plate 11 and the top of the air inlet plate 9. When the negative pressure fan 10 stops working, the self-closing louvers 12 return to their original position to seal the bottom of the top frame plate 11, preventing the heat generated by the internal modules of each cavity from being transferred through the open top frame plate 11 and avoiding cross-cavity thermal crosstalk. The slider 802 works in conjunction with the guide plate 8 to control the on / off state of the air intake plate 9. When the negative pressure fan 10 is stopped and not started, it can block the ventilation channel of the air intake plate 9 to prevent the heat generated by the internal modules of each cavity from being transferred through the open air intake plate 9, thus avoiding cross-cavity thermal crosstalk. The slider 802 is embedded in the lower part of the guide plate 8. The outer wall of the slider 802 is in close contact with the inner wall of the guide plate 8. The slider 802 moves up and down vertically on the inner wall of the guide plate 8. The bottom end of the slider 802 is in close contact with the upper surface of the mounting plate 902. When the mounting plate 902 moves upward, the mounting plate 902 will push the slider 802 above it to move upward in the guide plate 8 at the same time. When the ventilation channel of the air intake plate 9 is blocked, it will not affect the normal lifting and lowering of the mounting plate 902. By pushing the heat insulation plate 7 left and right to move it left and right in the guide rail 102, the heat insulation plate 7, the guide plate 8 and the slider 802 can slide left and right at the same time, so that the size of the cavity can be adjusted. The cross-sectional area of ​​the mounting plate 902 is the same as that of the filter plate 901. The mounting plate 902 is close to the upper surface of the filter plate 901. The unblocking strip 903 at the bottom of the mounting plate 902 is embedded in the gap inside the filter plate 901. The volume of the unblocking strip 903 is the same as the hollow volume of the gap inside the filter plate 901. The front and rear ends of the guide plate 8 and the slider 802 are closely attached to the front and rear ends inside the air intake plate 9. The mounting plate 902 has a vertical opening inside with an air intake hole. The air intake hole is located between the adjacent unblocking strips 903 at the front and rear ends. The filter plate 901 covers the bottom of the air intake hole and blocks it. When the negative pressure fan 10 is working, it generates negative pressure and draws the top frame plate 11 through the pipe. Under the action of negative pressure, the self-closing louvers 12 inside the top frame plate 11 flip upward, and the bottom of the top frame plate 11 opens, making the bottom passage of the top frame plate 11 open. The negative pressure is further transmitted to the outer casing 1 and acts on the air inlet plate 9, driving the mounting plate 902 below the air inlet plate 9 to rise upward, pushing the slider 802 to move upward in the guide plate 8 and compressing the pressure spring 801, so that the unblocking strip 903 moves out from the gap in the filter plate 901 to release the seal on the gap in the filter plate 901. The external airflow flows from bottom to top to independently dissipate heat from each module inside the outer casing 1. When the negative pressure fan 10 stops working, the self-closing louvers 12 return to their original position to seal the bottom of the top frame plate 11. At the same time, the pressure spring 801 automatically rebounds and resets, driving the unclogging strip 903 to return to its original position and push out the dust and impurities accumulated in the gaps of the filter plate 901. The unclogging operation of the filter plate 901 is completed automatically without the need for manual disassembly and cleaning. This effectively solves the problems of easy dust accumulation and blockage of traditional inverter filter plates, frequent maintenance, and gradual decline in heat dissipation performance. It keeps the filter plate 901 transparent and the air duct unobstructed for a long time, greatly reducing the frequency of equipment maintenance and improving the reliability and environmental adaptability of the equipment for long-term outdoor operation. The bearing disc 904 rotates horizontally inside the heat insulation plate 7 and the outer casing 1, and the front and rear ends of the baffle strip 906 are each provided with 7-10 blades 905 at equal intervals. When external cold air enters the outer casing 1 from bottom to top, the airflow impacts the blades 905, which in turn drives the bearing disc 904 and the baffle 906 to rotate. During the rotation, the baffle 906 actively disturbs the internal airflow, breaking the limitation of the single flow direction of the traditional fixed air duct, realizing multi-angle and all-round surrounding heat dissipation, completely eliminating the heat dissipation dead corners inside the outer casing 1, making the heat dissipation of each module surface more uniform, greatly improving the overall heat dissipation efficiency, and effectively solving the problems of uneven heat dissipation, local heat accumulation, and high temperature load reduction in traditional inverters.

[0026] Example 3 differs from Example 2 in that it specifically includes the following steps: S1: If any functional module fails during the use of the device, disconnect the corresponding connection line 701, and then pull out the DC input protection module 2, multi-channel MPPT boost module 3, main inverter power module 4, bidirectional photovoltaic storage shared bus module 5 or main control and communication interaction module 6 along the guide rail 102. After replacing with a brand new module, push it back into place along the guide rail 102 and assemble it. Then reconnect the connection line 701 to complete the quick module replacement operation. S2: During the use of the device, the heat insulation plate 7 divides the outer casing 1 into five independent cavity spaces. The DC input protection module 2, the multi-channel MPPT boost module 3, the main inverter power module 4, the bidirectional photovoltaic energy storage shared bus module 5, and the main control and communication interaction module 6 each have independent heat dissipation. The heat generated by each module will not flow between them, thus preventing heat interference between different modules. S3: During device operation, both negative pressure fans 10 operate simultaneously. The negative pressure generated by the fans 10 draws air into the top frame plate 11 through the pipes. Under the action of negative pressure, the self-closing louvers 12 inside the top frame plate 11 flip upwards, opening the bottom of the top frame plate 11 and opening the passage at the bottom of the top frame plate 11. The negative pressure is further transmitted to the outer casing 1 and acts on the air inlet plate 9, driving the mounting plate 902 below the air inlet plate 9 to rise upwards. This pushes the slider 802 upwards in the guide plate 8, compressing the pressure spring 801, thus cleaning... The blocking strip 903 is removed from the gap in the filter plate 901 to release the blockage of the gap in the filter plate 901. The external airflow flows from bottom to top to independently dissipate heat from each module in the outer box 1. When the external airflow flows from bottom to top through the outer box 1 to independently dissipate heat from each module in the internal partition, the airflow impacts the blades 905 along the way, causing the blades 905 to drive the bearing disk 904 and the baffle strips 906 set on the bearing disk 904 to rotate synchronously, stirring the airflow in the outer box 1, realizing multi-directional full-coverage heat dissipation and eliminating heat dissipation dead corners. S4: When the negative pressure fan 10 stops working, the self-closing louvers 12 fall back to their original position under their own weight, closing the bottom channel of the top frame plate 11. At the same time, the pressure spring 801, which is compressed, rebounds and resets, pushing the slider 802 and the mounting plate 902 to move downwards synchronously. The unclogging strip 903 at the bottom of the mounting plate 902 returns to its position and embeds into the filter plate 901, pushing down the dust and impurities trapped in the gaps of the filter plate 901, completing the automatic unclogging, effectively preventing the filter plate 901 from clogging, and ensuring its stable filtration effect.

[0027] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent.

Claims

1. An inverter device for a solar module, comprising an outer casing (1), a protective cover (101), and a guide rail (102), wherein the protective cover (101) is rotatably connected to the front surface of the outer casing (1) via a hinge, and the guide rail (102) is laterally fixed inside the outer casing (1), characterized in that, The outer side of the guide rail (102) is nested from left to right with a DC input protection module (2), a multi-channel MPPT boost module (3), a main inverter power module (4), a bidirectional photovoltaic storage shared bus module (5), and a main control and communication interaction module (6). The outer casing (1) is equipped with a heat dissipation component.

2. The inverter device for a solar module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat dissipation assembly consists of a heat insulation plate (7), a connecting line (701), a guide plate (8), a pressure spring (801), a slider (802), an air inlet plate (9), a filter plate (901), a mounting plate (902), a blockage clearing strip (903), a bearing disc (904), blades (905), a baffle strip (906), a negative pressure fan (10), a top frame plate (11), and self-closing louvers (12). A heat insulation plate (7) is embedded in the front end of the guide rail (102). A connecting wire (701) is horizontally embedded in the lower part of the heat insulation plate (7). A guide plate (8) is installed at the bottom of the heat insulation plate (7). A pressure spring (801) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the guide plate (8). A slider (802) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure spring (801). An air intake plate (9) is embedded in the lower part of the outer casing (1). A filter plate (901) is fixedly attached to the bottom of the air intake plate (9). An installation plate (902) is embedded in the lower part of the air intake plate (9). A clearing strip (903) is fixed horizontally at the bottom. Bearing discs (904) are embedded at the bottom of the left and right ends of the heat insulation plate (7) at the bottom of the outer casing (1). Blades (905) and baffle strips (906) are fixed on the outer surface of the bearing discs (904). Negative pressure fans (10) are embedded in the upper left and upper right of the outer casing (1). A top frame plate (11) is embedded in the upper part of the outer casing (1). The air inlet of the negative pressure fan (10) is connected to the inside of the top frame plate (11) through a pipe. A self-closing louver (12) is rotatably connected to the lower part of the inside of the top frame plate (11) through a shaft.

3. The inverter device for a solar module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The heat insulation plate (7) is provided in four parts. The four heat insulation plates (7) are arranged in sequence between the adjacent gaps of the DC input protection module (2), the multi-channel MPPT boost module (3), the main inverter power module (4), the bidirectional photovoltaic storage shared bus module (5) and the main control and communication interaction module (6), dividing the interior of the outer casing (1) into five independent cavity spaces.

4. The inverter device for a solar module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The DC input protection module (2), the multi-channel MPPT boost module (3), the main inverter power module (4), the bidirectional photovoltaic storage shared bus module (5), and the main control and communication interaction module (6) are all connected to the guide rail (102) in a standardized plug-in and plug-out manner. The mechanical positioning and electrical conduction between each functional module and between each functional module and the outer casing (1) are achieved synchronously through the plug-in and plug-out connection of the connecting line (701).

5. The inverter device for a solar module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The front and rear ends of the heat insulation plate (7) are respectively attached to the back of the protective cover plate (101) and the inner rear end of the outer casing (1), and the top and bottom of the heat insulation plate (7) are respectively attached to the bottom of the top frame plate (11) and the top of the air inlet plate (9).

6. The inverter device for a solar module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The slider (802) is embedded in the lower part of the guide plate (8). The outer wall of the slider (802) is in close contact with the inner wall of the guide plate (8). The slider (802) moves up and down vertically on the inner wall of the guide plate (8). The bottom end of the slider (802) is in close contact with the upper surface of the mounting plate (902).

7. The inverter device for a solar module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cross-sectional area of ​​the mounting plate (902) is the same as that of the filter plate (901). The mounting plate (902) is close to the upper surface of the filter plate (901). The unclogging strip (903) at the bottom of the mounting plate (902) is embedded in the gap inside the filter plate (901). The volume of the unclogging strip (903) is the same as the hollow volume of the gap inside the filter plate (901).

8. The inverter device for a solar module according to claim 2 or 6, characterized in that, The front and rear ends of the guide plate (8) and the slider (802) are closely attached to the front and rear ends inside the air intake plate (9). The mounting plate (902) has an air intake hole in its internal vertical opening. The air intake hole is located between the front and rear adjacent unblocking strips (903). The filter plate (901) covers the bottom of the air intake hole and blocks it.

9. The inverter device for a solar module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bearing disc (904) rotates horizontally inside the heat insulation plate (7) and the outer casing (1), and the front and rear ends of the baffle strip (906) are each provided with 7-10 blades (905) at equal intervals.

10. The inverter device for a solar module according to claims 1-9, characterized in that, Specifically, the following steps are included: S1: If any functional module fails during the use of the device, disconnect the corresponding connection line (701) and pull out the DC input protection module (2), multi-channel MPPT boost module (3), main inverter power module (4), bidirectional photovoltaic storage shared bus module (5) or main control and communication interaction module (6) along the guide rail (102), replace it with a brand new module, push it in along the guide rail (102) to assemble it, and then connect the connection line (701) to complete the module quick replacement operation; S2: During the use of the device, the heat insulation plate (7) divides the outer casing (1) into five independent cavity spaces. The DC input protection module (2), the multi-channel MPPT boost module (3), the main inverter power module (4), the bidirectional optical storage shared bus module (5) and the main control and communication interaction module (6) are all cooled independently. The heat generated by each module will not flow between them, thus preventing heat interference between different modules. S3: During the operation of the device, the two negative pressure fans (10) work simultaneously. The negative pressure fans (10) generate negative pressure and draw it into the top frame plate (11) through the pipe. Under the action of negative pressure, the self-closing louvers (12) in the top frame plate (11) flip upward, and the bottom of the top frame plate (11) opens, so that the bottom passage of the top frame plate (11) is open. The negative pressure is further transmitted to the outer casing (1) and acts on the air inlet plate (9), driving the mounting plate (902) below the air inlet plate (9) to rise upward, pushing the slider (802) to move upward in the guide plate (8) at the same time to compress the pressure spring (801). This allows the unblocking strip (903) to be removed from the gap in the filter plate (901) to release the blockage of the gap in the filter plate (901). The external airflow flows from bottom to top to independently heat each module in the outer box (1). When the external airflow flows from bottom to top through the outer box (1) to independently heat each module in the internal partition, the airflow impacts the blades (905) along the way, causing the blades (905) to drive the bearing disk (904) and the baffle strip (906) on the bearing disk (904) to rotate synchronously, stirring the airflow in the outer box 1, achieving multi-directional full-coverage heat dissipation and eliminating heat dissipation dead corners. S4: When the negative pressure fan (10) stops working, the self-closing louvers (12) fall back to their original position by their own weight, closing the bottom channel of the top frame plate (11). At the same time, the pressure spring (801) compressed by the pressure spring rebounds and resets, pushing the slider (802) and the mounting plate (902) to move downward synchronously. The unclogging strip (903) at the bottom of the mounting plate (902) returns to its position and embeds into the filter plate (901), pushing the dust and impurities trapped in the gap of the filter plate (901) downward to complete the automatic unclogging, effectively preventing the filter plate (901) from clogging and ensuring its stable filtration effect.

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