Tuber harvester

Abstract

The utility model relates to a harvester, in particular to a tuber harvester. The harvester comprises a rack, crawler belts are symmetrically arranged on the rack, an excavating mechanism is arranged on the rack between the crawler belts, a conveying rake is arranged at the front end of the excavating mechanism, a vibrating screen conveying mechanism is arranged at the front end of the conveying rake, and a storage box is arranged at the front end of the vibrating screen conveying mechanism. According to the harvester, tubers can be separated from soil through gravity in the tuber conveying process through the conveying rake; soil on the surfaces of tubers can be scraped through the rake teeth, and the soil is further separated from the tubers. The tubers can be vibrated and sieved again through the vibration sieve conveying mechanism, it is further ensured that the tubers are separated from the soil, and the storage weight and size are effectively reduced. The problems that an existing harvester is poor in soil separation effect on small tubers, and consequently the storage weight and the size are large are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a harvester, in particular to a tuber harvester. Background Art

[0002] Tuberous plants, such as pinellia and taro, grow their usable parts underground in the form of tubers. When harvesting, the tubers need to be dug out of the soil. The previous digging method was to dig manually with a hoe. During digging, not only is the labor intensity high, but the efficiency is also low.

[0003] The patent application with the announcement number CN219068916U discloses a tuber crop harvester, which includes a crawler body, a seedling cutting system, a digging system, a drum-type separation system and a collection system; the crawler body includes a vehicle chassis, a crawler device and a power device, a cab is arranged above the crawler body, the vehicle chassis is a rectangular frame structure and the vehicle chassis is hollow; the seedling cutting device is provided with a double-row shearing device and is driven by a set of crank slider mechanisms, and a stab crawler rotating perpendicular to the movement direction of the vehicle body is arranged behind the double-row shearing device, which can transfer the cut stems and leaves to one side of the vehicle body. The digging system allows the digging shovel to easily enter the soil and complete the digging work. In the drum-type separation system, the connecting rod is used to transport the tuber crops and vibrate and screen the soil when the chain rotates. In the collection system, the material at the tail end of the drum-type separation system falls onto the material lifting belt and is conveyed to the collection box by the material lifting belt.

[0004] The above-mentioned harvester is a mechanical excavation machine, which can effectively solve the problems of low efficiency and high labor intensity of manual excavation. However, tubers grow in the soil, and when excavating tubers, the soil around the tubers must be excavated together. The above-mentioned harvester separates the soil on the tubers through a drum-type separation system. It is separated by the soil's own gravity during transportation. It has a good separation effect when excavating in sandy soil, but in clay soil, the soil easily adheres to the surface of the tuber and is not easy to separate from the tuber during transportation. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a tuber harvester to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a tuber harvester which can effectively separate soil from tubers and reduce storage weight and volume in view of the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution of the utility model is:

[0007] A tuber harvester consists of a frame, crawlers, an excavating mechanism, a conveying rake, a vibrating conveying mechanism and a storage box, and is characterized in that crawlers are symmetrically arranged on the frame, the excavating mechanism is arranged on the frame between the crawlers, the conveying rake is arranged on the frame at the front end of the excavating mechanism, the vibrating conveying mechanism is arranged on the frame below the front end of the conveying rake, and a storage box is arranged below the front end of the vibrating conveying mechanism.

[0008] The conveying rake comprises a driving shaft, a driven shaft, a conveying chain, a rake rod and rake teeth. A driven shaft is arranged below the front end of the driving shaft. A conveying chain is installed in parallel between the driving shaft and the driven shaft through a sprocket. Rake rods are evenly distributed between the conveying chains, and rake teeth are evenly distributed on the rake rods. The driving shaft and the driven shaft are movably connected to the frame through bearing seats respectively.

[0009] A plurality of supporting shafts are installed on the frame between the driving shaft and the driven shaft through a bearing seat, and supporting wheels are evenly distributed on the supporting shafts, and the supporting wheels are slidably connected to the rake rod.

[0010] A driving motor is arranged on one side of the driving shaft, and the driving motor is connected to the driving shaft through a reducer and a sprocket.

[0011] The vibrating screen conveying mechanism includes supporting rods, rocking arms, conveying screen frames, transmission shafts, eccentric wheels and rocking arms arranged in parallel. Rocking arms are movably mounted on the two end heads of the supporting rods, and the conveying screen frames are movably mounted on the rocking arms through pins. A transmission shaft is arranged between the supporting rods, and an eccentric wheel is mounted on the end head of the transmission shaft. A rocking arm is movably mounted on the eccentric wheel, and the rocking arm is movably connected to the rocking arm through a pin. The supporting rods are fixedly connected to the frame; and the transmission shaft is movably connected to the frame through a bearing seat.

[0012] A vibrating screen motor is arranged on the frame below the transmission shaft, and the vibrating screen motor is connected with the transmission shaft through a reduction box.

[0013] The excavation mechanism includes a main shaft, a driving disk, a digging tooth shaft, a digging tooth, a following disk, an eccentric disk and a crank. A plurality of driving disks are arranged at intervals on the main shaft. The digging tooth shafts are evenly installed on the circumference of the driving disk through a clamp, and the digging teeth are evenly distributed on the digging tooth shaft; a following disk is arranged on the outer side of the driving disk, and the following disk is connected to the digging tooth shaft through a bearing and a crank; an eccentric disk is arranged on the outer side of the following disk; the main shaft is movably connected to the frame through a bearing seat.

[0014] The follower plate is provided with a sinking groove, and guide wheels are evenly distributed in the sinking groove in a circular shape.

[0015] The inner side surface of the eccentric disk is eccentrically provided with a guide boss, which is inserted into the sink groove and slidably connected with the guide wheel.

[0016] An excavation motor is arranged on the frame at the front end of the excavation mechanism, and the excavation motor is connected with the main shaft through a reduction box and a sprocket.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0018] The tuber harvester can separate the tubers from the soil by gravity during the tuber conveying process through the conveying rake; the soil on the surface of the tubers can be scraped by the rake teeth to further separate the soil from the tubers. The tubers can be vibrated and screened again by the vibrating conveying mechanism to further ensure the separation of the tubers from the soil, effectively reducing the storage weight and volume. This solves the problem that the existing harvester has poor soil separation effect on small tubers, resulting in large storage weight and volume. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the conveying rake of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a distribution diagram of the rake teeth of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the vibrating screen conveying mechanism of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the excavation mechanism of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the active disk of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 8 It is a distribution diagram of the digging teeth of the utility model;

[0027] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the follower disc of the utility model;

[0028] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the eccentric disk of the utility model.

[0029] In the figure: 1. crawler track, 2. storage box, 3. driving shaft, 4. driven shaft, 5. conveyor chain, 6. rake rod, 7. rake teeth, 8. support shaft, 9. support wheel, 10. drive motor, 11. support rod, 12. rocker, 13. conveying screen frame, 14. transmission shaft, 15. eccentric wheel, 16. rocker arm, 17. vibrating screen motor, 18. main shaft, 19. driving disk, 20. digging tooth shaft, 21. digging tooth, 22. follower disk, 23. eccentric disk, 24. crank, 25. trough, 26. guide wheel, 27. guide boss, 28. excavation motor, 29. hoop. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The tuber harvester is composed of a frame, a crawler 1, an excavating mechanism, a conveying rake, a vibrating conveying mechanism and a storage box 2. The crawlers 1 are symmetrically arranged on the frame, and the excavating mechanism is arranged on the frame between the crawlers 1, so as to excavate the tubers growing underground through the excavating mechanism. A conveying rake is arranged on the frame at the front end of the excavating mechanism, so as to convey the excavated tubers through the conveying rake, and at the same time, the soil on the tubers is preliminarily separated during the conveying process. A vibrating conveying mechanism is arranged on the frame below the front end of the conveying rake, and the vibrating conveying mechanism can generate periodic vibration, vibrate the tubers through periodic vibration, and separate the tubers from the soil attached to the tubers again through vibration, so as to reduce the storage volume and weight of the tubers. A storage box 2 is arranged below the front end of the vibrating conveying mechanism, so as to store and transport the harvested tubers through the storage box 2.

[0031] The conveying rake includes a driving shaft 3, a driven shaft 4, a conveying chain 5, a rake rod 6 and rake teeth 7. The driven shaft 4 is arranged below the front end of the driving shaft 3. Sprockets are arranged at both ends of the driving shaft 3 and the driven shaft 4 respectively. The conveying chains 5 are arranged on the sprockets of the driving shaft 3 and the driven shaft 4. The conveying chains 5 at both ends of the driving shaft 3 are arranged in parallel. Rake rods 6 are evenly distributed between the conveying chains 5, and the rake rods 6 are arranged at intervals. Rake teeth 7 are evenly distributed on the rake rods 6. The driving shaft 3 and the driven shaft 4 are movably connected to the frame through bearing seats. A driving motor 10 is arranged on one side of the driving shaft 3, and the driving motor 10 is connected to the driving shaft 3 through a reducer and a sprocket. The function of the driving motor 10 is to drive the driving shaft 3 to rotate through the driving motor 10. When the driving shaft 3 rotates, it can drive the conveying chains 5 at both ends of the driving shaft 3 to rotate through the sprockets, thereby driving the rake rod 6 to move during the movement of the conveying chain 5, thereby driving the tubers to move through the moving rake rod 6, and transporting the tubers. Since the rake rods 6 are arranged at intervals, the gaps between the rake rods 6 can cause the soil to move downward under the action of gravity, thereby separating the tubers from the soil when the tubers are transported. The rake teeth 7 have the function of increasing the interaction force with the tubers through the rake teeth 7, fixing the tubers on the rake rods 6, thereby facilitating the transportation of the tubers; on the other hand, the rake teeth 7 can scrape the tubers, scrape off the soil on the tubers, separate the tubers from the soil, and enhance the separation effect of the tubers from the soil during the transportation process.

[0032] A plurality of support shafts 8 are installed on the frame between the driving shaft 3 and the driven shaft 4 through a bearing seat, and support wheels 9 are evenly distributed on the support shafts 8, and the support wheels 9 are slidably connected with the rake rod 6. The support shaft 8 can support the rake rod 6 through the support wheels 9 to prevent the rake rod 6 from falling under the action of gravity, thereby preventing the conveying angle from becoming larger, and avoiding the problem of being unable to convey the tubers after the conveying angle becomes larger.

[0033] The vibrating screen conveying mechanism includes a support rod 11, a rocker 12, a conveying screen frame 13, a transmission shaft 14, an eccentric wheel 15 and a rocker arm 16 arranged in parallel. The two ends of the support rod 11 are movably mounted with rockers 12, and the conveying screen frame 13 is movably mounted on the rocker 12 through a pin. The conveying screen frame 13 is composed of parallel cross bars and longitudinal bars evenly distributed between the cross bars, and the longitudinal bars are arranged at intervals. A transmission shaft 14 is arranged between the support rods 11, and an eccentric wheel 15 is installed at the end of the transmission shaft 14. A rocker arm 16 is movably mounted on the eccentric wheel 15, and the rocker arm 16 is movably connected to the rocker arm 12 through a pin. The support rod 11 is fixedly connected to the frame; the transmission shaft 14 is movably connected to the frame through a bearing seat. A vibrating screen motor 17 is arranged on the frame below the transmission shaft 14, and the vibrating screen motor 17 is connected to the transmission shaft 14 through a reduction box. The function of the vibrating screen motor 17 is to drive the transmission shaft 14 to rotate during the rotation of the vibrating screen motor 17, and then drive the eccentric wheel 15 to rotate during the rotation of the transmission shaft 14. The rotation of the eccentric wheel 15 drives the rocker arm 16 to swing periodically, thereby driving the rocker bar 12 to swing periodically during the swing of the rocker arm 16, thereby driving the conveying screen frame 13 to swing periodically, and the tubers are thrown forward by the periodic swing of the conveying screen frame 13, thereby conveying the tubers. At the same time, the vibration during the throwing process promotes the separation of the tubers and the soil, further reduces the soil on the tubers, and reduces the storage volume and weight of the tubers.

[0034] The excavation mechanism includes a main shaft 18, a driving disc 19, a tooth shaft 20, a tooth 21, a follower disc 22, an eccentric disc 23 and a crank 24. A plurality of driving discs 19 are arranged at intervals on the main shaft 18. The tooth shafts 20 are evenly distributed on the circumference of the driving disc 19. The tooth shafts 20 are slidably connected to the driving disc 19 through a clamp. Teeth 21 are evenly distributed on the tooth shaft 20. A follower disc 22 is arranged outside the driving disc 19. The follower disc 22 is connected to the tooth shaft 20 through a bearing and a crank 24; an eccentric disc 23 is arranged outside the follower disc 22; the main shaft 18 is movably connected to the frame through a bearing seat; and the eccentric disc 23 is fixedly connected to the frame. An excavation motor 28 is arranged on the frame at the front end of the excavation mechanism, and the excavation motor 28 is connected to the main shaft 18 through a reduction box and a sprocket. The function of the excavation motor 28 is to drive the main shaft 18 to rotate through the excavation motor 28, and during the rotation of the main shaft 18, the driving plate 19 is driven to rotate, thereby driving each digging tooth shaft 20 to rotate with the main shaft 18 as the axis. During the rotation of the digging tooth shaft 20, the follower plate 22 is driven to rotate through the crank 24. During the movement, the follower plate 22 rotates eccentrically relative to the main shaft 18 under the action of the eccentric plate 23. During the eccentric rotation, the follower plate 22 drives the digging tooth shaft 20 with itself as the axis through the crank 24. The tooth shaft 20 rotates around the main shaft 18 and rotates around itself. The rotation of the tooth shaft 20 drives the tooth 21 to rotate periodically, so that the tip of the tooth 21 is always facing the ground during the movement. When the tooth 21 moves close to the soil, the tip of the tooth 21 is inserted into the soil to dig the tuber. At the same time, when the tooth 21 rotates toward the conveying rake, the upward force on the tuber is reduced by keeping the tooth 21 downward, which facilitates the separation of the tuber from the tooth.

[0035] The follower disc 22 is provided with a sink groove 25, and guide wheels 26 are evenly distributed in a circular ring shape in the sink groove 25. A guide boss 27 is eccentrically provided on the inner side surface of the eccentric disc 23, and the guide boss 27 is inserted into the sink groove 25 and slidably connected with the guide wheel 26. Since the guide boss 27 is eccentrically arranged relative to the eccentric disc 23, and thus eccentrically arranged relative to the main shaft 18, the follower disc 22 makes an eccentric movement relative to the main shaft 18 during the rotation process under the interaction between the guide wheel 26 and the guide boss 27, and then drives the digging tooth shaft 20 to rotate through the crank 24 during the movement of the follower disc 22.

[0036] The tuber harvester is dragged forward by an agricultural vehicle (tractor) during operation, and the excavation motor 28, the drive motor 10, and the vibrating screen motor 17 are respectively started during the forward process. After the vibrating screen motor 17 is started, the vibrating screen motor 17 drives the conveying screen frame 13 to swing periodically through the transmission shaft 14, the eccentric wheel 15, the rocker arm 16, and the rocker 12 in sequence. After the drive motor 10 is started, the drive motor 10 drives the rake rod 6 and the rake teeth 7 to move in sequence through the driving shaft 3 and the conveying chain 5. After the excavation motor 28 is started, the excavation motor 28 drives the digging tooth shaft 20 and the digging tooth 21 to revolve around the main shaft 18 as the axis through the main shaft 18 and the driving disk 19 in sequence, and at the same time drives the digging tooth shaft 20 and the digging tooth 21 to rotate by themselves through the interaction between the guide boss 27 on the eccentric disk 23 and the guide wheel 26 on the follower disk 22. After the digging tooth 21 is inserted into the soil, it digs the tubers while continuing to revolve. The dug tubers move toward the conveying rake driven by the digging teeth 21, and fall between the rake rods 6 and the rake teeth 7 of the conveying rake under the action of their own gravity and the throwing of the digging teeth 21. The rake rods 6 and the rake teeth 7 drive the tubers to move during the movement, and the tubers are transported to the vibrating screen conveying mechanism. During the transportation process, the soil is separated from the tubers under their own gravity. When the tubers move to the conveying screen frame 13 of the vibrating screen conveying mechanism, the conveying screen frame 13 throws the tubers forward during the periodic swing process. During the process of throwing the tubers, the tubers and the soil are separated by the vibration during the throwing. The soil falls under its own gravity, and the tubers are transported to the storage box 2 and stored in the storage box 2.

[0037] The tuber harvester can separate the tubers from the soil by gravity during the tuber conveying process through the conveying rake; the soil on the surface of the tubers can be scraped by the rake teeth 7 to further separate the soil from the tubers. The tubers can be vibrated and screened again by the vibrating and screening conveying mechanism to further ensure the tubers are separated from the soil, effectively reducing the storage weight and volume. This solves the problem that the existing harvester has a poor effect on separating the soil from small tubers, resulting in large storage weight and volume.

Claims

1. A tuber harvester, comprising a frame, a crawler (1), a digging mechanism, a conveying rake, a vibrating conveying mechanism and a storage box (2). Features: Tracks (1) are symmetrically arranged on the frame, an excavation mechanism is arranged on the frame between the tracks (1), a conveying rake is arranged on the frame at the front end of the excavation mechanism, a vibrating screen conveying mechanism is arranged on the frame below the front end of the conveying rake, and a storage box (2) is arranged below the front end of the vibrating screen conveying mechanism; The excavation mechanism comprises a main shaft (18), a driving disc (19), a digging tooth shaft (20), a digging tooth (21), a follower disc (22), an eccentric disc (23) and a crank (24); a plurality of driving discs (19) are arranged at intervals on the main shaft (18); the digging tooth shafts (20) are evenly distributed on the circumference of the driving disc (19); the digging tooth shafts (20) are slidably connected to the driving disc (19) via a clamp; the digging teeth (21) are evenly distributed on the digging tooth shaft (20); A follower plate (22) is arranged outside the moving plate (19), and the follower plate (22) is connected to the digging tooth shaft (20) through a bearing and a crank (24); an eccentric plate (23) is arranged outside the follower plate (22); the main shaft (18) is movably connected to the frame through a bearing seat; the eccentric plate (23) is fixedly connected to the frame; an excavation motor (28) is arranged on the frame at the front end of the excavation mechanism, and the excavation motor (28) is connected to the main shaft (18) through a reduction box and a sprocket; a sink groove (25) is arranged on the follower plate (22), and guide wheels (26) are evenly distributed in the sink groove (25) in a circular shape.

2. A tuber harvester according to claim 1, Features: The conveying rake comprises a driving shaft (3), a driven shaft (4), a conveying chain (5), a rake rod (6) and rake teeth (7). A driven shaft (4) is arranged below the front end of the driving shaft (3). A conveying chain (5) is installed in parallel between the driving shaft (3) and the driven shaft (4) via a sprocket. Rake rods (6) are evenly distributed between the conveying chains (5). Rake teeth (7) are evenly distributed on the rake rods (6). The driving shaft (3) and the driven shaft (4) are movably connected to the frame via a bearing seat.

3. A tuber harvester according to claim 2, Features: A plurality of support shafts (8) are mounted on the frame between the driving shaft (3) and the driven shaft (4) via a bearing seat, and support wheels (9) are evenly distributed on the support shafts (8), and the support wheels (9) are slidably connected to the rake rod (6).

4. A tuber harvester according to claim 2, Features: A drive motor (10) is provided on one side of the driving shaft (3), and the drive motor (10) is connected to the driving shaft (3) via a reducer and a sprocket.

5. A tuber harvester according to claim 1, Features: The vibrating screen conveying mechanism comprises a supporting rod (11), a rocking arm (12), a conveying screen frame (13), a transmission shaft (14), an eccentric wheel (15) and a rocking arm (16) which are arranged in parallel. The two end heads of the supporting rod (11) are respectively movably mounted with rocking arms (12), and the conveying screen frame (13) is movably mounted on the rocking arm (12) via a pin shaft. A transmission shaft (14) is arranged between the supporting rods (11), and the end head of the transmission shaft (14) is mounted with an eccentric wheel (15). The rocking arm (16) is movably mounted on the eccentric wheel (15), and the rocking arm (16) is movably connected to the rocking arm (12) via a pin shaft. The supporting rod (11) is fixedly connected to the frame; and the transmission shaft (14) is movably connected to the frame via a bearing seat.

6. A tuber harvester according to claim 5, Features: A vibrating screen motor (17) is arranged on the frame below the transmission shaft (14), and the vibrating screen motor (17) is connected to the transmission shaft (14) via a reduction box.

Images