Reaction kettle for preparing biodiesel from crop straws

Abstract

The utility model discloses a reaction kettle for preparing biodiesel from crop straws, and relates to the technical field of mechanical design and manufacturing, a pressurizing and atomizing mechanism is arranged at the top of a reaction kettle main body, a separating mechanism is arranged at the bottom in the reaction kettle main body, and the reaction kettle main body is arranged on a base. The contact area of the reaction raw materials and the catalyst can be increased, so that the reaction rate is increased, the separation process of the reaction product can be simplified, the tedious process of separating the catalyst from the product after the reaction is avoided, and the integrated design of separating the raw material mixed product is realized; on the basis of shortage of existing biodiesel preparation reaction containers and low reaction efficiency, the device provides a sufficient and efficient reaction environment for reaction raw materials; in the operation process, the device is simple in structure, easy to master and high in reliability, and workers do not need to directly participate in labor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mechanical design and manufacturing technology, specifically to a reactor for preparing biodiesel from crop straw. Background Technology

[0002] Existing crop-to-oil conversion processes utilize reactors with limited functionality, resulting in less than ideal performance under certain specific conditions. Furthermore, they are difficult to operate and maintain. Operating and maintaining high-pressure reactors requires specialized knowledge and skills, placing high demands on the operators' qualifications. Improper maintenance can lead to performance degradation and even safety accidents.

[0003] my country is a major agricultural country with abundant crop straw resources. In 2013, my country had approximately 830 million tons of collectable straw, with about 640 million tons being comprehensively utilized, leaving approximately 190 million tons of straw discarded or burned. This not only wastes biomass energy but also causes significant environmental pollution. Utilizing straw to convert into renewable resources such as bio-oils could not only solve environmental pollution problems but also address the issue of fossil fuel energy consumption. The straw-to-oil conversion process uses a reaction vessel, achieving high conversion efficiency and overcoming the generally low efficiency of straw-to-oil conversion, thus meeting people's needs.

[0004] However, existing technologies still have the following problems: insufficient contact between reactants leads to incomplete reactions and low efficiency; the inner cavity of the reactor is difficult to clean, resulting in residues that affect the quality and efficiency of the reaction. Traditional reactors are very limited in their capacity for converting straw to biodiesel in high-pressure reactors, resulting in unsatisfactory processing quality and efficiency, and requiring significant investment of manpower, resources, and capital. Therefore, it is essential to design a practical reactor for preparing biodiesel from crop straw that is easy to clean of residues from its inner cavity. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings and deficiencies of existing technologies by providing a biodiesel production reactor from crop straw. This reactor increases the contact area between the reactants and the catalyst, thereby improving the reaction rate. It also simplifies the separation process of reaction products, avoiding the cumbersome process of separating the catalyst from the products after the reaction. This integrated design achieves the separation of raw material mixtures and products. Given the current shortage of biodiesel production reaction vessels and their low reaction efficiency, this device provides a sufficiently efficient reaction environment for the reactants. During operation, the equipment is simple in structure, easy to master, and highly reliable, requiring no direct human intervention.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: it includes a pressurized atomizing mechanism, a reaction vessel body, a separation mechanism, and a base; wherein, the pressurized atomizing mechanism is located at the top of the reaction vessel body, the separation mechanism is located at the bottom of the reaction vessel body, and the reaction vessel body is located on the base.

[0007] Preferably, the pressurized atomizing mechanism comprises:

[0008] A high-pressure atomizing nozzle is provided, which is installed through the top of the reactor body;

[0009] An impeller pump is connected to the inlet end of a high-pressure atomizing nozzle;

[0010] A material conveying pipe is connected to the inlet end of the impeller pump.

[0011] Preferably, the high-pressure atomizing nozzle is composed of a connecting rod, a support, and a splash plate; the straight pipe portion at the upper end of the support is connected to the top wall of the reactor body and to the outlet end of the impeller pump, and the flared portion at the lower end is suspended above the interior of the reactor body; the connecting rod has a threaded structure and is located inside the support, with its lower end connected to the splash plate.

[0012] Preferably, the reactor body comprises:

[0013] The tank body is a cylindrical structure with a closed upper part and an open lower part. A lid is installed in the opening at the bottom, and a through hole four is opened through the lid. The bottom of the tank body is supported in a countersunk hole in the base. The through hole four of the lid is placed in a through hole one in the base. The cylindrical wall of the tank body is a double-layered hollow structure with inner and outer layers. This hollow structure is a ventilated partition. An interface for connecting an external gas source is opened at the bottom of the outer wall of the ventilated partition. The support is installed through a through hole five in the top wall of the tank body.

[0014] The catalyst carrier rods are of several types and are inserted through the through holes two opened in the cylinder wall of the tank. The catalyst carrier rods are hollow structures with several pits on their rod walls for filling with high-efficiency catalysts. The outer end of the catalyst carrier rod has an air inlet that communicates with the venting partition.

[0015] Preferably, the separation mechanism comprises:

[0016] The hopper is located at the bottom inside the tank.

[0017] The frame is installed through a through hole three at the bottom of the tank, and a pressing cage is installed inside the pressing cage. The pressing cage contains a pressing screw, and the pressing screw shaft is installed through the frame. One end of the pressing screw shaft located on the outside of the frame is connected to the drive mechanism. The pressing screw and the pressing screw shaft are configured to cooperate. The upper side wall of the frame has an input channel that communicates with the discharge port of the hopper. The bottom wall of the frame has an oil outlet and a slag outlet, wherein the oil outlet is located inside the tank and the slag outlet is located outside the tank.

[0018] An oil collecting pipe, the top end of which is connected through the oil outlet, and the bottom end of which is inserted through the four through holes.

[0019] Preferably, the peripheral wall of the lid is provided with several snap-fit ​​grooves, which are engaged with snap-fit ​​pins integrally formed on the bottom wall of the vessel.

[0020] Preferably, the upper edge of the hopper is provided with several "U"-shaped grooves, which are engaged with the baffles integrally formed on the inner wall of the tank.

[0021] Preferably, the base has a channel for the passage of the pipeline.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model provides a biodiesel preparation reactor for crop straw, which can increase the contact area between the reaction raw materials and the catalyst, thereby improving the reaction rate. It can simplify the separation process of reaction products and avoid the cumbersome process of separating the catalyst from the products after the reaction, realizing an integrated design for separating raw material mixtures and products. In view of the shortage of existing biodiesel preparation reaction vessels and low reaction efficiency, this device provides a sufficiently efficient reaction environment for the reaction raw materials. During operation, this equipment has a simple structure, is easy to master, and has high reliability, requiring no direct participation of personnel. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the high-pressure atomizing nozzle in this utility model.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main body of the reaction vessel in this utility model.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the catalyst support rod in this utility model.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lid of the vessel in this utility model.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the frame structure in this utility model.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the hopper structure in this utility model.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of the base in this utility model.

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the baffle and the hopper in this utility model.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0034] 1. Material conveying pipe; 2. Impeller pump; 3. Connecting rod; 4. Support; 5. Splash plate; 6. Catalyst carrier rod; 7. Tank; 8. Hopper; 9. Screw press; 10. Screw press shaft; 11. Frame; 12. Oil collection pipe; 13. Kettle cover; 14. Base; 15. Through hole one; 16. Through hole five; 17. Through hole two; 18. Through hole three; 19. Stop bar; 20. Interface; 21. Locking pin; 22. Snap groove; 23. Through hole four; 24. Channel; 25. Countersunk hole; 26. Input channel; 27. Oil outlet; 28. Slag outlet; 29. ​​Pits; 30. Air inlet; 31. "U" shaped groove; 32. High-pressure atomizing nozzle; 33. Sealing element; 34. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The preferred embodiments described are only examples. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0036] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, this specific embodiment adopts the following technical solution: it includes a pressurized atomizing mechanism, a reaction vessel body, a separation mechanism, and a base 15; wherein, the pressurized atomizing mechanism is located at the top of the reaction vessel body, the separation mechanism is located at the bottom of the reaction vessel body, and the reaction vessel body is located on the base 15.

[0037] See Figure 3 As shown, the pressurized atomizing mechanism includes:

[0038] The high-pressure atomizing nozzle 33 is composed of a connecting rod 3, a support 4, and a splash plate 5. The straight pipe portion at the upper end of the support 4 is connected to the top wall of the reactor body, and the two are sealed together by a sealing element 34. It is also connected to the outlet end of the impeller pump 2. The flared portion at the lower end is suspended above the interior of the reactor body. The connecting rod 3 has a threaded structure and is set inside the support 4. Its lower end is connected to the splash plate 5.

[0039] Impeller pump 2, which is connected to the inlet end of high-pressure atomizing nozzle 33;

[0040] Material conveying pipe 1 is connected to the inlet end of impeller pump 2.

[0041] See Figures 4-6 and Figure 9 As shown, the main body of the reactor comprises:

[0042] The tank body 7 is a cylindrical structure with a closed upper part and an open lower part. A lid 14 is provided in the opening at the bottom. Several snap-fit ​​grooves 23 are provided on the peripheral wall of the lid 14. The snap-fit ​​grooves 23 are engaged with the snap-fit ​​pins 22 integrally formed on the inner bottom wall of the tank body 7. A through hole 24 is provided through the lid 14. The bottom of the tank body 7 is supported in a countersunk hole 26 in the base 15. The part of the base 15 around the countersunk hole 26 has a channel 25 for passing through the pipe. The through hole 24 of the lid 14 is placed in a through hole 16 in the base 15. The cylindrical wall of the tank body 7 is a double-layer hollow structure with inner and outer layers. This hollow structure is a ventilated partition. An interface 21 for connecting an external gas source is provided at the bottom of the outer wall of the ventilated partition. The support 4 is installed through a through hole 17 in the top wall of the tank body 7.

[0043] Catalyst carrier rod 6, of which there are several, are unevenly inserted through the through holes 18 opened on the cylinder wall of the tank body 7. The catalyst carrier rod 6 has a hollow structure, and its rod wall has several pits 30 for filling with high-efficiency catalyst. The outer end of the catalyst carrier rod 6 has an air inlet hole 31 that communicates with the ventilation partition.

[0044] See Figure 7-Figure 8 and Figure 10 As shown, the separation mechanism includes:

[0045] The hopper 8 is located at the bottom of the tank body 7; several U-shaped grooves 32 are provided on the upper edge of the hopper 8, and the U-shaped grooves 32 are engaged with the baffle 20 integrally formed on the inner wall of the tank body 7.

[0046] The frame 12 is installed through a through hole 19 at the bottom of the tank 7. A pressing cage 10 is installed inside the frame 12. A pressing screw 9 is installed inside the pressing cage 10. A pressing screw shaft 11 is installed through the frame 12 and is connected to a drive mechanism at one end located on the outside of the frame 12. The pressing screw 9 and the pressing screw shaft 11 are fitted together. An input channel 27 is opened on the upper side wall of the frame 12, which is connected to the discharge port of the hopper 8. An oil outlet 28 and a slag outlet 29 are opened on the bottom wall of the frame 12. The oil outlet 28 is located inside the tank 7, and the slag outlet 29 is located outside the tank 7.

[0047] The top end of the oil collecting pipe 13 is connected through the oil outlet 28, and the bottom end is inserted through the through hole 24.

[0048] In use, the pretreated reaction raw materials are pressurized by impeller pump 2 through conveying pipe 1 and atomized through high-pressure atomizing nozzle 33. The atomized raw material powder enters the tank 7, which has good airtightness and has a large number of catalyst carrier rods 6 carrying high-efficiency catalysts. After the atomized raw material powder comes into full contact with the high-efficiency catalyst, the reaction rate increases and the reaction is fully carried out under high pressure. As the reaction proceeds, the product gradually increases. Its adhesion is less than gravity, and the initial reaction product falls off under the action of gravity.

[0049] After the initial reaction product falls, it slides along the inclined surface of the hopper 8 into the input channel 27 and enters the frame 12. The screw shaft 11 rotates under the drive of the external drive mechanism, and the initial reaction product moves towards the end under the drive of the screw shaft 11. When the initial reaction product moves to the pressing cage 10, the screw 9 and the screw shaft 11 cooperate to achieve the squeezing action. As the screw shaft 11 rotates, the squeezing pressure gradually increases, causing the oily substances in the initial reaction product to separate, achieving dry and wet separation. The separated oily substances flow into the oil collection pipe 13, while the reaction residue is transported along the inner wall of the frame 12 to the outside of the tank 7 and discharged and collected from the slag outlet 29.

[0050] To prevent raw material powder from adhering to the catalyst surface, the equipment also needs to perform regular self-cleaning. The self-cleaning process is as follows:

[0051] Open the switch of the high-pressure air interface at the bottom that is connected to the interface 21, so that the high-pressure gas fills the ventilation layer on the side wall of the tank 7. Then the high-pressure gas fills the cavity of the catalyst carrier rod 6 through the air inlet 31 on the catalyst carrier rod 6, and then cleans the high-efficiency catalyst itself through the gap between the high-efficiency catalyst and the catalyst carrier rod 6.

[0052] During the full cleaning process, the prepared washing liquid is sprayed from the conveying pipe 1 through the impeller pump 2 and into the tank 7 through the high-pressure atomizing nozzle 33 to clean the high-efficiency catalyst. At the same time, the washing liquid enters the separation mechanism through the hopper 8 and starts the drive mechanism of the separation mechanism. As the screw shaft 11 rotates, the washing liquid fills the entire separation mechanism, thereby achieving the cleaning of the separation mechanism, which completes one production cycle.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model provides a biodiesel preparation reactor for crop straw, which can increase the contact area between the reaction raw materials and the catalyst, thereby improving the reaction rate. It can simplify the separation process of reaction products and avoid the cumbersome process of separating the catalyst from the products after the reaction, realizing an integrated design for separating raw material mixtures and products. In view of the shortage of existing biodiesel preparation reaction vessels and low reaction efficiency, this device provides a sufficiently efficient reaction environment for the reaction raw materials. During operation, this equipment has a simple structure, is easy to master, and has high reliability, requiring no direct participation of personnel.

[0054] For those skilled in the art, modifications can be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, and equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A reactor for preparing biodiesel from crop straw, Features: It comprises a pressurized atomization mechanism, a reactor body, a separation mechanism and a base (15); wherein the pressurized atomization mechanism is arranged on the top of the reactor body, the separation mechanism is arranged on the bottom of the reactor body, and the reactor body is arranged on the base (15).

2. A reactor for preparing biodiesel from crop straw according to claim 1, Features: The pressurized atomization mechanism comprises: A high-pressure atomizing nozzle (33), wherein the high-pressure atomizing nozzle (33) is disposed through the top of the reactor body; An impeller pump (2), wherein the impeller pump (2) is connected to the inlet end of the high-pressure atomizing nozzle (33); A material delivery pipeline (1), wherein the material delivery pipeline (1) is connected to the inlet end of the impeller pump (2).

3. A reactor for preparing biodiesel from crop straw according to claim 2, Features: The high-pressure atomizing nozzle (33) is composed of a connecting rod (3), a support (4) and a splash plate (5); the straight pipe portion at the upper end of the support (4) penetrates and is connected to the top wall of the reactor body and is connected to the outlet end of the impeller pump (2), and the bell-mouth portion at the lower end is suspended above the inside of the reactor body; the connecting rod (3) is a threaded structure, which is arranged in the support (4), and the lower end of which is connected to the splash plate (5).

4. A reactor for preparing biodiesel from crop straw according to claim 3, Features: The reactor body comprises: A tank body (7), wherein the tank body (7) is a cylindrical structure with a closed upper portion and an open bottom, a kettle cover (14) is arranged in the opening of the bottom, a through hole (24) is penetrated through the kettle cover (14), the bottom of the tank body (7) is mounted in a countersunk hole (26) provided in a base (15), the through hole (24) of the kettle cover (14) is placed in a through hole (16) in the base (15), the cylindrical wall of the tank body (7) is a double-layer hollow structure with inner and outer layers, the hollow structure is a ventilation barrier, and an interface (21) for connecting to an external air source is provided at the bottom of the outer wall of the ventilation barrier; the support (4) is penetrated and installed in the through hole (17) of the top wall of the tank body (7); Catalyst carrier rods (6), wherein the catalyst carrier rods (6) are in plurality and are inserted into through holes (18) provided on the cylinder wall of the tank body (7); the catalyst carrier rods (6) are hollow structures, a plurality of pits (30) are provided on the rod wall, and an air inlet hole (31) which is in communication with the ventilation barrier is provided on the outer end rod wall of the catalyst carrier rod (6).

5. A reactor for preparing biodiesel from crop straw according to claim 4, Features: The separation mechanism comprises: A hopper (8), wherein the hopper (8) is arranged at the inner bottom of the tank body (7); A frame (12), the frame (12) is arranged through a through hole (19) at the bottom of the tank body (7), a pressing cage (10) is arranged therein, a pressing screw (9) is arranged in the pressing cage (10), a pressing screw shaft (11) is arranged through the frame (12), and one end portion located outside the frame (12) is connected to a driving mechanism, the pressing screw (9) and the pressing screw shaft (11) are arranged in cooperation; an input channel (27) which is in communication with a discharge port of a hopper (8) is provided on an upper side wall of the frame (12), an oil outlet (28) and a slag outlet (29) are provided on a bottom wall of the frame (12), wherein the oil outlet (28) is located inside the tank body (7), and the slag outlet (29) is located outside the tank body (7); An oil collecting pipe (13), the top end of which is connected to the oil outlet (28) and the lower end of which is arranged in the through hole 4 (24).

6. A reactor for preparing biodiesel from crop straw according to claim 5, Features: The peripheral wall of the kettle cover (14) is provided with a plurality of snap grooves (23), and the snap grooves (23) are snap-connected with snap pins (22) integrally formed on the inner bottom wall of the tank body (7).

7. A reactor for preparing biodiesel from crop straw according to claim 6, Features: The upper edge of the hopper (8) is provided with a plurality of U-shaped grooves (32), and the U-shaped grooves (32) are mutually engaged with a blocking rod (20) integrally formed on the inner wall of the tank body (7).

8. A reactor for preparing biodiesel from crop straw according to claim 7, Features: The base (15) is provided with a channel (25).

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